2018年中考英语考前知识“重落实”（第04期）


题型说明
① 短文填空也叫综合填空，其特点是将一篇短文中的若干个词抽出后，要求考生根据短文的意思，在每个空格中填上一个词，使短文意思完整正确。
② 考查考生的理解能力及对词汇、语法和习惯用法等的掌握情况。是中考中一个比较难的项目。
③ 短文的题材很多，有故事，科普小品，风土人情，人物，文化，体育等，一般以故事性题材为主，少科普性，否则会更难。
考查方向
正确理解和书写英语单词，常以动词（同义词区别及形式）、介词、形容词（副词）的级、名词的数、习惯搭配、连词（含引导词）等为主。
命题形式
① 根据文意选词填空（一般设10个空，给出10或12个备选词）
② 根据文意和首字母提示填空；
③ 根据上下文文意填空；
④ 杂糅型（根据汉语、首字母、音标、语境等填空）
特别提醒
所有的单词都必须根据上下文来确定，首字母和汉语既是提示又是限制。必须注意词形的变化，包括名词的单复数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的比较级（最高级）等。
一、（2017·四川成都）从下面方框中选出10个单词，并将其正确形式填写在答题卡相应题号后，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。2-1-c-n-j-y
come different excite go good live
loud low mean nature time west
An old saying goes, "When in Rome（罗马）, do as the Romans do." I learned the 1 of this when I studied in Russia.21*教*育*名*师
One day I invited some of my Chinese friends to a famous local restaurant in Moscow. My guests and I were 2 from visiting Red Square and happy about our meeting. We had a warm chat until the waiter told me that we were being too loud. We turned our voices 3 . But this didn’t last long. The waiter came over to us two more 4 with the same message.
How bad an impression（印象）we must have left on the local people! In China, it’s 5 and important for a host to make a 6 atmosphere（气氛）. However, in Russia and 7 countries, having a meal in a public place means you must keep your voice low. You need to be polite to others.
I felt bad about this. Even though we tried our 8 , it’s very difficult to develop a new habit.
Russians have their own special habits. My Russian friend, Andrey always looks around and thinks for a while before leaving home. I asked him why he did this. “Aha,” Andrey said, “in Russia, people always take about a minute 9 over things and plans in their minds before leaving. So they won’t leave anything necessary behind.”
Finding the 10 between cultures is much fun. I’d like to keep my eyes and mind open.
【语篇解读】本文叙述了作者在俄罗斯学习的时候，作者和几个朋友在餐馆里吃饭聊天的时候，声音很大，所以服务员提醒他们在公共场合不能大声说话，作者意识到俄罗斯和中国文化的差异。
1. meaning 句意：当我在俄罗斯学习的时候，我认识到了这句话的意义。the后应该用名词。 故答案为meeting。
2. excited 句意：我和我的客人都很高兴从参观红广场回来，并且很高兴我们相见。根据happy about可知，这里指高兴的，人作主语，所以应该用指人的形容词。故答案为： excited。
3. lower 句意：我们把声音压低。我们愉快的聊天直到服务员告诉我们太大声了，所以我 们把声音调小。low为声音的高低。这里指与以前相比更低。
4. times 句意：服务员又过来两次说同样的事情。因为前面有two，所以这里应该用复数
times.故答案为：times.
5. natural 句意：在中国制造活跃的气氛是非常自然的。And后是形容词，所以空格处也用 形容词。句式：It is +形容词+for sb to do sth对某人来说做某事是怎样的。故答案 为：natural。
6. lively 句意：在中国制造活跃的气氛是非常自然的。空格后是名词，所以这里应该用形 容词。lively“轻快的，活跃的”故答案为：lively。
7. western 句意：但是，在俄国和其他的一些国家，在公共场合吃饭意味着你必须保持你的 声音比较小。空格后是名词，所以这里应该用形容词。故答案为：western。
8. best 句意：即使我们尽了最大的努力，养成一个新的习惯很难。短语do one’s best尽 某人最大的努力。故答案为：best。
9. to go 句意：在俄国，人们总是话费一分钟的时间在头脑中检查所有的事情和计划。go over仔细检查。短语take time to do sth花费时间做某事。故答案为：to go。
10. differences 句意：找到文化的不同之处是有帮助的。the后用名词，根据between cultures 可知，应该用名词。故答案为：differences。
1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________
6. ___________ 7. ___________ 8. ___________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________
二、（2017·福建）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义 准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
The Chongyang Festival is a Chinese traditional festival. It is celebrated on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. It’s also 81 (call) the Double Ninth Festival.?
The festival started as 82 /??:li/ as the Warring States Period (475—221 BC) . It has a history of more than 1,700 years. Among the numbers from zero to nine, nine is the 83 (high) odd number (奇数). People believe that two “nines” meeting together stand for a long life. So it is a special holiday 84 Chinese people to show love and respect for their elders. They hold many 85 (kind) of activities in honor of old people, wishing them good 86 /helθ/ and a long life.
The festival comes during the golden time of 87 /f?:l/. On the day, people traditionally drink chrysanthemum (菊花）wine, eat Double-Ninth Cakes 88 climb mountains. They also carry a kind of plant named dogwood. People in ancient times believed that 89 plant could drive away evil (邪恶的）spirits and prevent them from 90 (catch) an illness in winter.
81. ___________ 82. ___________ 83. ___________ 84. ___________ 85. ___________
86. ___________ 87. ___________ 88. ___________ 89. ___________ 90. ___________
【语篇解读】本文介绍的是中国的传统节日重阳节．文中介绍了重阳节的时间、历史起源、为什么叫重阳节及人们怎样庆祝重阳节．
81. called 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意为：它也叫做双九节，分析句子成分可知，空 格前面有动词be（is），且主语和动词call为动宾关系，故为被动语态，应填动 词过去分词。call为动词，意思是"叫做"，其过去分词为called。故填called．
82. early 句意：分析句子成分可知，本句为as…as句型，且根据音标，应填early“早”。
83. highest 句意：从0到9的数字中，9是最大的奇数。分析句子成分可知，空格处为状语， 修饰定语odd。根据句意，此处应为“最高”之意，故填high的最高级highest。
84. for 句意：这是中国人对长者表达爱与尊重的特殊节日。分析句子特点可知，空格处 为复合不定式的介词，故用for“对……来说”，其中for Chinese people to show love and respect for their elders是真正主语，而it只是形式主语。
85. kinds 考查名词复数及短语many kinds of．句意为：他们举办很多活动，表达对老人的 敬意．分析句子成分可知，空格处为宾语，且被形容词many修饰，故填名词复 数．kind作为名词，意思是"种类"，其复数为kinds．many kinds of很多种．故填 kinds。
86. health 考查名词．句意为：祝他们健康、长寿．分析句子成分可知，空格处为动名词wishing 的直接宾语，故填名词．根据音标，应填health，它是名词，意思是"健康"故填 health。
87. fall 考查名词．句意为：节日处在金秋时节．分析句子成分可知，空格处介词of的宾 语，故填名词．根据音标，应填fall，它是名词，意思是"秋天"．故填fall．
88. and 考查连词．句意为：那天，人们按照传统要喝菊花酒，吃重阳糕，登山．分析句 子成分可知，空格之后的climb和前面的drink和 eat 为并列谓语动词，且都是动 词原形，故填连词and，将他们连接起来，其意思是"和"．故填and．
89. the 句意：古人认为这种植物具有驱邪和保护他们，以免冬天生病的作用。分析句子 成分可知，空格处修饰名词plant，而plant是第二次出现，故用定冠词修饰。
90. catching 句意为：避免冬天生病，分析句子成分可知，空格之前为介词from，故填动词catch 的动名词catching。prevent sb from doing sth防止某人做某事，故填catching。
三、（2016·重庆A卷）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
A big company wanted to find someone to work for them. Lots of young college students came to 80 for the job, but only a small part of them were left. And this time, the company didn’t plan to choose the right persons as usual.
Here came the day when they took the final interview. A big box 81 of papers was placed on the way to the interview room, and a few papers were lying around the box.
The first student came. He hurried along the way to take the interview. ＂Who put this 82 in the middle of the road?＂ the student said to himself, but he did not try to move the box away. Instead, he passed around the box and continued his way.
The second student came along and did the same thing. Then another came, and another. All of them complained (抱怨) about the box but 83 of them tried to move it. What’s worse, someone even stepped (踩) on the papers and left without having a look at the things on the ground.
Half an hour later, a thin young man with glasses came. He was also 84 those who were left to take the interview. He saw the box and the papers around it. Without thinking twice, he 85 and began to pick up the papers and put them into the box. Then he managed to move the box to the side. To his great 86 , he found an invitation under the box. On it were the following words, ＂Congratulations, young man! You are the 87 person we are looking for! Would you like to join us?＂2·1·c·n·j·y
Sometimes, you see, helping others is helping yourself.
81. ___________ 82. ___________ 83. ___________ 84. ___________
85. ___________ 86. ___________ 87. ___________
【主旨大意】该文通过一伙大学生求职的故事告诉人们帮助别人就是帮助自己的道理。
80. ask 【解析】句意：许多年轻的大学生来求职。ask for the job求职，是一个固定短语。由语境可知故填写动词ask。
81. full 【解析】句意：在去面试房间的路上放着装满纸的一个大盒子，几张纸躺在盒子的周围。full of装满，是一个形容词短语，常放在被修饰的名词之后。结合语境可知这里要填形容词full。
82. box 【解析】句意：谁把这个盒子放在路中间的？联系上文中的句子A big box 81 of papers was placed on the way to the interview room可知要填名词box。
83. none 【解析】句意：所有人都抱怨这个盒子，但没有一个人试图移动它。联系后文中的句子What’s worse, someone even stepped (踩) on the papers and left without having a look at the things on the ground.可知这里要填不定代词none。
84. among 【解析】句意：他也在那些被留下来参加面试的人中。结合语境可知这里要填写介 词among。
85. stopped 【解析】句意：他毫不犹豫地停下来开始捡试卷，并把它们放进盒子里。由语境可知填动词stopped。
86. surprise 【解析】句意：让他大吃一惊的是，他发现了在盒子下的邀请。to one’s surprise表示＂使某人吃惊的是＂，为固定短语。结合语境可知这里要填写名词surprise。
87. right 【解析】句意：你就是我们要寻找的合适的人。结合语境可知这里要填写形容词right。
四、（2016·福州）阅读下面短文，根据中文、首字母、音标或语境的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，要求所填的单词意义准确，拼写正确。
In New York City public schools, 176 different languages are spoken (86)a_________ more than one million students. For 160, 000 children, English is not their first language. New York’s Department of Education makes learning (87)b_________　for these students by providing dual-language(双语) programs. Students are taught in two languages, English and (88)a_________ one, such as French, German or Japanese. Math, social studies, science and all other regular courses are taught in both languages. And they learn about the (89)_________ /?k?lt??(r)/ of the other country.
Milady Baez, a headmaster, says these dual-language programs will help children succeed in the future.＂The jobs of the future (90)_________ /r??kwa??(r)/ that our students know more than one language. They’re going to travel (91)_________(在国外) and communicate with people from all over the world. This will open doors for them.＂
Shuya Zhang (92)_________(教) a dual-language class. She says, ＂America started economic relationships with China. Lots of factories were (93)b_________, companies moved to China. They need people with both language skills.＂
Anna, a Russian girl came to America (94) _________ she was two years old. She says the Russian-English program keeps her connected to her heritage and her parents happy.
Nowadays, more and more (95)_________(外国人) come to China. Perhaps in the future your school will also provide them with the dual-language program.
86. ___________ 87. ___________ 88. ___________ 89. ___________ 90. ___________
91. ___________ 92. ___________ 93. ___________ 94. ___________ 95. ___________
【主旨大意】本文主要讲了双语教学。在美国纽约的公立学校中，一百万名学生中一共讲176种语言。对16万名学生来说英语不是他们的第一语言。纽约教育部门让这些学生能够接受双语教学——英语及另外一种语言，如法语，德语或者日语等。像数学、科学、社会学及其他常规课程都是双语教学。双语教学带来了好处——对学生将来的工作有利，能够和全世界的人交流。并且学生能学习到另一个国家的文化。随着越来越多的外国人进入中国，中国也可能将会采取双语教学形式。
86. among 【解析】among 考查介词。本句句意：在一百多万名学生中一共讲176种语言，需表达＂在……之间＂，且表示的范围对象是三者或三者以上，故需用among.
87. better 【解析】考查比较级。这里指改善了学习，根据首字母提示，可知是make sth better， 因此填better。
88. another 【解析】考查指示形容词。前面讲到dual-language programs（双语教学项目），句子想要表达的是选取英语及另外一种语言进行学习，可以是法语、德语、日语等，因此指除了英语以外的＂另外一种＂语言，答案为another。
89. culture 【解析】考查语音辨析。根据语音可知，有两个音节，拼读为culture，联系句意，确定答案，此处指学习别的国家的文化。
90. require 【解析】考查语音辨析。根据语音可知，有两个音节，拼读为require，联系句意，确定答案，此处指将来的工作要求学生懂得一种语言以上.
91. abroad 【解析】考查副词辨析。在国外可以用副词abroad，前面travel为动词，要用副词来 修饰。
92. teaches 【解析】考查动词的时态和人称变化。根据后面的动词says可知，本段是对现在情况的一般描述，用一般现在时，又因人称为第三人称单数，因此要用teaches。
93. built 【解析】考查被动语态。此处指很多工厂被建立在中国，需用被动语态，因此要用build的过去分词built。
94. when 【解析】考查从属连词，此处缺少时间状语，需用when来引导时间状语，意为当她 两岁的时候.
95. foreigners 【解析】此处外国人是可数名词，故需在foreigner后 加s。
一、（2018·河南省师范大学附属中学九年级上学期期末测试）用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文意思通顺、正确、连贯。有两个词多余。21·cn·jy·com
wide, then, with, use, without, appear,
direct, talent, so, honor, sad, much
Hedy Lamarr was born in 1914. When she was still a teenager, she fell in love with acting. Soon she was discovered by an American 1 . At the age of 18, she 2 in her first film and began to get a lot of attention. Years later, she became a famous Hollywood actress. She was so popular that her hairstyle was even 3 followed by the fans. At that time she was 4 as “the most beautiful woman in the world”. Many people pay 5 attention to her beauty than her acting skills. This brought her 6 and pain, 7 she gave up acting and started a new life. Then she decided to invent something 8 . You must be very surprised. What could an actress invent? But we’d like to say anybody who has used a mobile phone should thank her. Because 9 her technology of FHSS(跳频扩频), today we will not have GPS, Bluetooth, mobile phones or Wi-Fi networks. So she was called “Wireless Goddess”. Now, Hedy is remembered not only as one of the most 10 actresses but also a great inventor.
二、（2018·广东省惠州市惠城区九年级期末考试）根据短文内容及所给的首字母提示填空，每空一词。
Xiao Qiang，a 13-year-old Chinese boy, has too many activities. His father drives him to practice music, drawing,maths and English four afternoons a week.
“More and more kids become unhappy 1 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang, 2 expert （专家）of child development. More than 75% of them said 3 they wished they had more free time to play.
“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排) is a growing 4 for Chinese families ”, said Mr. Wang. It is not 5 for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 6 so that they can go to drawing lessons or piano lessons on time. We all know it is important 7 kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to 8 when they get older. Kids need 9 to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids .
一、【语篇解读】这是一篇人物小传，讲述了演技高超被誉为“世界上最美丽的女人”的海迪·拉马尔，放弃演艺开始新的生活后，发明了无线技术FHSS而被称为“无线女神”。她不仅是一个最有才华的演员，也是一位伟大的发明家。
1. director American美国的，形容词后接名词；be discovered被撞见；根据句意语境和英文 提示，可知填director。
2. appeared in her first film在她的第一部电影中；and连接并列结构，根据句意语境和英文提 示，可知填appeared。
3. widely be followed被遵从/模仿，需用副词修饰；跟随根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填 widely。
4. honored be honored as被誉为，固定用法；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填honored。
5. more pay more attention to更加注意；attention注意（力），可用形容词或其比较级修饰； 根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填more。
6. sadness pain痛苦，名词；and连接并列结构，根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填sadness。
7. so 本句前后是因果关系，可用so连接；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填so。
8. useful something不定代词有形容词修饰时，做定语的形容词需后置；根据句意语境和英 文提示，可知填useful。
9. without will not have不会有；本句是双重否定句，表强调；根据句意语境和英文提示，可 知填without。
10. talented one of the+形容词最高级+名词，意思是“最……的之一”。根据句意语境和英文提 示，可知填talented。
二、【语篇解读】本文介绍了13岁的中国男孩萧蔷有许多的课外活动。他的父亲一个星期有四次在下午开车送他去练习音乐、画画、数学和英语。
1. because 句意：越来越多的孩子变得不快乐，因为他们有太多的活动要参加。前后两句是 因果关系。故填：because。
2. an 句意：王先生，一位儿童发展专家。Expert的第一个因素是元音，因此用冠词an。
3. that 句意：超过75%的人说他们希望有更多的空闲时间去玩。由that引导的宾语从句。 因此答案为：that。
4. problem 句意：过量的课程安排是中国家庭的一个日益严重的问题。由句意可知答案为： problem。
5. good /helpful/useful 句意：这对孩子和他们的父母都没有帮助。该空缺少一个形容词。 因此用good/helpful/useful都可以。故答案为：good /helpful/useful。
6. quickly 句意：更多的家庭吃饭很快，以便他们有时间去上绘画课或钢琴课。从文意可知， 由于课程安排过量，孩子们和大人们都不得不赶时间，所以吃饭吃得很快。故答 案为：quickly。
7. for 句意：我们都知道孩子们学会放松是很重要的。句型：It is important for/of sb. to do sth. 用for 是因为前面的adj.是来描述do后面的sth.；用of 的话，adj. 就用来形 容sb. 的。 由句意可知，填介词for。 而不用介词of。
8. learn 句意：如果他们现在还没有学会，当他们变老的时候，学习起来会更加困难。从 文意可知，当年龄长大的时候，学习起来会很困难。故填：learn。
9. time 句意：孩子们需要时间来放松。由句意可知孩子们需要的是时间。故填：time。
10. think 句意：父母应该考虑什么是适合孩子的。think about“思考，考虑”的意思。
一、根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
coin，own，interest，fond，time，
change，play，and，for，popular
Different people have different kinds of hobbies. Some like reading and drawing. Some like playing sports and some like collecting stamps. I have many good friends. They all have their 1 hobbies. When they were young, they usually 2 with doll. Now they grow up, they start to have other hobbies. Some of them go out 3 a sport like football or skating. Some like collecting 4 and stamps. Some of the most 5 hobbies are watching TV plays and listening to music. I used to read books 6 draw pictures. I could learn many useful things.
People will spend a lot of 7 training hobbies. Some of them may be 8 in playing the piano for many years. While some others may 9 their interests very often.
Why do people need hobbies? I think a hobby is something we are 10 of doing. The main goal（目标）of a hobby is to give us a break from our work or study.
二、根据短文内容及所给的首字母提示填空，每空一词。
Mr. Baker was a strong man. He was a good football p 1 and spent a lot of time on the game when he studied in a medical college. But his right leg was b 2 when he was playing football with his friends. He couldn’t play football any l 3 . He was sorry for it and liked to w 4 the game.
Now the young man worked in a hospital. He was a good dentist and many patients asked him for h 5 . He was always busy and had little time to watch the matches. He had to watch them on TV at home in the evening. But the biggest football match in their city would s 6 at four one afternoon. Mr. Baker hoped to watch it, but the head of the hospital didn’t a 7 .
＂You won’t go to the playground u 8 all the patients in your office leave.＂said the old doctor.
It was a quarter past three when there were about ten patients in the waiting-room. Mr. Baker was worried. He thought for a moment and had an i 9 . He said to a girl who was lying on the dental(牙科的) chair,＂Cry loudly, madam! I’ll p 10 your bad tooth out free if you frighten the other patients away !＂
一、【文章大意】本文主要介绍了不同的人有不同的爱好。作者介绍了自己的爱好——集邮，通过集邮作者结交了许多朋友。集邮不仅仅给作者带来了快乐还带来了友谊。
1. own 2. played 3. for 4. coins 5. popular
6. and 7. time 8. interested 9. change 10. fond
二、【文章大意】贝克先生是一个坚强的人。在医学院读书时，他是一个很好的足球运动员，但一次踢足球时他的右腿断了，不能再踢足球，但他喜欢看比赛。现在，贝克先生在一家医院工作，他是一个好的牙医，总是很忙，很少有时间去观看比赛。
1. player 2. broken 3. longer 4. watch 5. help
6. start 7. agree 8. until 9. idea 10. pull
小明上英文课时跟老师说：May I go to the toilet?
老师说：Go ahead.
小明就坐了下来。
过了一会儿，小明又跟老师说：May I go to the toilet?
老师说：Go ahead.
小明又坐了下来。
他旁边的同学于是忍不住问：你不是跟老师说要上厕所吗?怎么不去?
小明说：你没听老师说＂去你个头＂啊!

★常见题型
补全对话主要考查学生的口语能力。常见题型有:填单词补全对话、写句子补全对话和选句子补全对话。
★解题要求
1.考生应熟读并背诵问候、介绍、问路、看病、购物、就餐、祝愿、打电话、谈天气等情境中的固定句式和习惯表达方式。
2.答题时要面向整体内容，切忌片面理解。
3.抓好关键词，进行推断，使填词后组成的句子结构完整、合理。
4.注意对话的表达要符合英美人的风俗习惯。
5.正确书写，从容答题。答题时应注意单词的正确拼写和大小写。
★答题步骤
1.通览全文、揣摩话题。解题时应先跳过空格通览全文。
2.根据语境填写单词或句子。
3.通盘考虑、前后联想、先易后难。
4.通读对话、义形结合、验证答案。
★注意事项
1.必须瞻前顾后、全盘考虑。
2.做题前应注意试题前面有没有中文或英语的背景提示。
3.考生应注意把已选出的选项划去，避免重复选择的错误。
4.做题时要先易后难。
A. 选句子补全对话。
一、（2017 ? 吉林）完成对话 从方框中选择正确选项。（方框中有一个选项与对话内容无关）
A. Thank you for telling me so much.
B. When I get a gift, could I open it right now?
C. Would you mind telling me some customs about the festival?
D. I’m interested in Chinese festival, especially the Chinese New Year.
E. The person with coins is lucky.
F. Do you like coins?
Dave: Nice to meet you! I’m Dave from America.
He Wei: Nice to meet you, too! I’m He Wei, an exchange student from China.【21·世纪·教育·网】
Dave: China? It’s a great country. 36
He Wei: Really? Well, next year, you can come to my house for the New Year.
Dave: OK. 37
He Wei: Of course not. On the New Year’s Eve, we always make dumplings with family and some coins put in the dumplings. 38
Dave: That’s cool. Anything else?
He Wei: On the New Year’s Day, we Chinese always visit relatives and give gifts to each other.
Dave: Oh, I like gifts. 39
He Wei: In China, you shouldn’t open the gift at once. You should wait and open it later.
Dave: Really? It’s interesting. 40
He Wei: You’re welcome.
【语篇解读】对话主要讲了两个人谈论中国的文化。
36.D【解析】根据后文Well, next year, you can come to my house for the New Year.可知选D。
37.C【解析】根据后文所说的Of course not. On the New Year’s Eve, we always make dumplings with family and some coins put in the dumplings.可知选C。
38.E【解析】根据On the New Year’s Eve, we always make dumplings with family and some coins put in the dumplings.可知选E。
39.B【解析】根据后文In China, you shouldn’t open the gift at once故选B。
40.A【解析】根据后文You’re welcome.可知选A。
二、（2017 ? 山西）请根据对话内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余项。
(At break, Amy meets Ken in the hallway.)
Amy: Hi, Ken. Jane’s birthday is coming. Have you received her invitation?www.21-cn-jy.com
Ken: Yes. 1
Amy: Me too. I’m just thinking about the gift. 2 【21教育名师】
Ken: Well, she likes writing. Why not get her pens and books?
Amy: 3 I think she’ll be happy to get them.
Ken: Yeah. By the way, how will you buy the gift? Will you ask your parents for money?
Amy: 4 I’ve already saved my pocket money.
Ken: You’re right. I think we should learn to manage pocket money. I just spend it on the things I really need.
Amy: That’s true. 5
Ken: What a kind girl! Learning to save and use money are both important to us.
A. Yes, please.
B. Sounds good.
C. Of course not.
D. How about you?
E. Can you come to my party?
F. Have you got any good ideas?
G. I also use it to help others in need.
【语篇解读】这是Ken和Amy课间时在走廊里的对话。她们谈论了要为Jane买什么生日礼物，并且不打算跟家长要钱，而是要花自己积攒下来的钱。
1.D【解析】根据Amy的回答Me too可知，这里是Ken问Amy是否也收到了Jane的生日聚会 邀请。故选D。
2. F【解析】根据Ken的回答Why not get her pens and books? 可知，Amy是问他是否想好了生 日礼物。故选F。
3. B【解析】根据I think she’ll be happy to get them.可知，Amy赞同Ken的想法。故选B。
4. C【解析】根据I’ve already saved my pocket money.可知，Amy不会向父母要钱买礼物。故 选C。
5. G【解析】根据对话最后Ken的赞叹What a kind girl！可知，Amy还要用零花钱去帮助需要 帮助的人。故选G。
三、（2016 ? 湖北黄冈中考）根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中，选择恰当的句子完成对话。
（It’ s 6:30 p.m. Li Ming is talking with her father on the phone.）
Li Ming: Hello! This is Li Ming. Is that dad speaking?
Father: Yes, it’ s me, your dad. 1
Li Ming: Pretty good! What about you, dad?
Father: Everything goes well. 2
Li Ming: It’s raining heavily these days!
Father: That’s too bad! Please be safe on the way to school.
Li Ming: OK! I will. Are you free this weekend, dad?
Father: Yes. 3
Li Ming: This Saturday is Mom’s...
Father: Oh, it’s your mom’s birthday, We’ll do something special for her, OK?
Li Ming: 4
Father: Good idea! Oh, Mingming. It’ s a little late. 5
Li Ming: Yes, I enjoyed the food. It’ s so delicious. Now, I must do my homework, dad!
Father: OK! See you soon!
A. What’s the date tomorrow?
B. Have you done your homework?
C. How’s the weather in Huanggang?
D. How is it going?
E. Have you had your dinner?
F. What’s up?
G. How about having a party?
【参考答案】
1.D【解析】根据Pretty good!＂非常好！＂可知此处询问事情进行的如何，故选D。
2.C【解析】根据It’s raining heavily these days!＂这些天正下大雨＂可知此处是对天气的提问，故选C。
3.F【解析】根据Are you free this weekend, dad?可知此处询问他爸爸这个周末要做什么，故选F。
4.G【解析】根据Good idea!＂好主意！＂可知此处表示建议做某事，故选G。
5.E【解析】根据Yes, I enjoyed the food. It’s so delicious.＂是的，我很喜欢那些食物，它很美味＂可知此处询问吃饭的情况，故选E。
B．填单词或写句子补全对话。
一、（2016 ? 江西中考）请阅读下面对话，根据对话内容补上所缺的句子，使对话通顺、合理，意思完整。
( R=Receptionist (宾馆接待员), J=Jack )
R: Hello. 1
J: Could you give us the room number of Mrs. Taylor, please?21世纪教育网
R: Is she a guest here at the hotel?
J: Yes, she’s our English teacher.
R: 2
J: She arrived yesterday.
R: Here we are in Room 602. Would you like me to call the room?
J: Yes, please. That would be great.
R: 3 She’s not in her room. I’m sorry.
J: Oh dear. I need to speak to her.
R: Why not look in the restaurant? It’s time for breakfast. 4
J: I’ve been there already. She’s not there. And she’s not in the gift shop, either.
R: 5
J: Yes. Could you tell her to call me when she comes back?
R: Sure, no problem.
【参考答案】
1.【答案】What can I do for you?
【解析】根据Hello.可知，这是服务人员对顾客说的话，故用＂我能为你做点什么吗？＂。
2.【答案】When did she arrive?
【解析】根据She arrived yesterday.可知，上句应该是问的是什么时间到达的，故用＂她什么时候到达的？＂。
3.【答案】Please wait a moment.
【解析】根据She’s not in her room. I’m sorry.可知，应该稍等一下，故用＂请稍等＂。
4.【答案】Have you ever been there to find her?
【解析】根据I’ve been there already.可知，上句问的是你曾经去过那里吗，故用Have you ever been there to find her?。
5.【答案】Can I take a message for you?
【解析】根据Yes. Could you tell her to call me when she comes back?可知，上句问的是是否能给带一个口信，故用Can I take a message for you?
二、（2016 ? 福建厦门中考）根据对话情景，填入恰当的单词。
Mr. Brown: Good morning. My name is Edward Brown. I’m your new 1. ________, and I moved in yesterday.
Mrs. Smith: Good morning, Mr. Brown. May I help you?
Mr. Brown: I’m trying to do some work now. But I’m afraid your children are making too much 2. ________.
Mrs. Smith: Oh, I’m sorry, Mr. Brown. But you know it’s 3. ________ to keep little boys quiet.
Mr. Brown: But I can’t stand it any more. I couldn’t work and I couldn’t 4. ________ at all last night.
Mrs. Smith: I’m very, very sorry. I’ll do my best to keep them quiet. But I’m not sure it’ll work.
Mr. Brown: Well, it seems I have to put up with it now.
Mrs. Smith: Don’t 5. ________. My husband will come back from business tonight. And the boys always listen to him.
【参考答案】
1.neighbor【解析】根据I moved in yesterday可知刚搬进来，因此是邻居，故此处填neighbor。句意: 我是你的新邻居，我昨天搬进来的。
2.noise【解析】根据语境可知此处是说，恐怕你的孩子们正在制造很多噪音。此处表示发出了很多噪音，故填noise。
3.hard/difficult【解析】根据But I can’t stand it any more.可知我无法忍受噪音，因此很难让他们安静下来，故此处为hard/difficult。句意: 但是你知道让小男孩保持安静是很难的。
4. sleep【解析】根据时间last night可知在晚上由于噪音，应是无法睡觉，故此处为sleep。句意：昨天晚上我根本就无法工作，无法睡觉。
5. worry【解析】根据And the boys always listen to him.可知孩子们听他丈夫的，因此不会发出噪音，故不要担心他们制造噪音。故此处为worry。句意：别担心。
一、（2018 ? 安徽淮南市九年级上学期期终检测）根据对话内容，从方框内选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整。(选项中有两项是多余的)
A. By the way, when is the final?
B. That would be nice!
C. We have just won a game.
D. Thanks, Cindy.
E. What about next Tuesday?
F. Maybe you can talk with your teammates about that.
G. What should I do?
A: Hey, Tony. You look so excited. What’s up?
B: 1 And we will be in the final(决赛).
A: You mean the school soccer games?
B: Yes. It was quite hard for us to beat Class Two. 21cnjy.com
A: Congratulations to you all!
B: 2 But now I am a little nervous.
A: Take it easy. You should be confident and believe in your team.
B: But sometimes I feel that we don’t work well enough as a team.
A: Teamwork is very important. 3
B: Sounds good. I’ll do it right away.
A: 4
B: Next Tuesday.
A: 5 I will be free then and I can watch the game.
B: See you then. Bye!
A: See you!
二、(2018 ? 四川成都九年级下期中考试) 填写适当的句子补全对话
A: Hi, Mike. How is everything going these days?
B: Pretty well. I’m planning to take a holiday next week. 1 ?
A: Sure. You may go to Yunnan. The weather is quite pleasant there.
B: I went there last winter. I want to go somewhere different this year.
A: 2 ? Chongqing is a beautiful city with many places of interest. And the people there are very
friendly.
B: It seems that you know it well. How many times have you visited it?
A: 3 . The more I know about it, the more I love it.
B: Oh, great. 4 ?
A: Really delicious, but a little hot, especially hot-pot.
B: Sounds great to me. That’s the place I want to go to. I’ll go there next week.
A: 5 .
B: Thank you.
一、
【语篇解读】本对话双方讨论了一场比赛以及团队精神在比赛中的重要性。
1. C【解析】根据下句And we will be in the final可知，We have just won a game适合。故选C。
2. D【解析】根据Congratulations to you all可知，Thanks, Cindy适合。故选D。
3. F【解析】根据上句Teamwork is very important和下句Sounds good. I’ll do it right away可知， Maybe you can talk with your teammates about that适合，故选F。
4. A【解析】根据回答Next Tuesday可知，By the way, when is the final?适合。故选A。
5. B【解析】根据下句I will be free then and I can watch the game可知，That would be nice!适合。 故选B。
二、
1. Could you give some advice/suggestions? / Do you have any ideas/advice?
【解析】根据A的回答Sure. You may go to Yunnan.，给了B去云南的建议，可知B向A征询了建议，故填Could you give some advice/suggestions? / Do you have any ideas/advice?。
2. Why don’t you go to Chongqing/ Why not go to Chongqing?
【解析】根据上文B的陈述I went there last winter. I want to go somewhere different this year.，他去过了云南，想去别的地方；结合下文A的介绍Chongqing is a beautiful city with many places of interest.，可知A又建议B去重庆。故填Why don’t you go to Chongqing/ Why not go to Chongqing?。
3. I have been there once/twice/three times.
【解析】根据上文B的问题How many times have you visited it?，可知A会回答去过多少次，故填I have been there once/twice/three times.。
4. What do you think of the food there?/How do you like the food there?
【解析】根据A的回答Really delicious, but a little hot, especially hot-pot.，可知B问他重庆的食物怎么样，故填What do you think of the food there?/How do you like the food there?。
5. Have fun/ Enjoy yourself.
【解析】根据B的答谢Thank you.，结合上文的打算I’ll go there next week.，可知A对他说了祝福的话，故填Have fun/ Enjoy yourself.。
一、从所给句子中选择恰当的句子完成下面的对话。
( A father and his son are climbing mountains in Jingyue park.)21教育网
Father: Come on, son! We are coming to the top of the mountain.21*cnjy*com
Son: Dad, I’m tired. 1
Father: Son, you really need to exercise.
Son: Sure it is. 2
Father: Yes, you are busy with your studies all day. Don’t forget health comes first.
Son: I see, Dad. In fact we play sports an hour a day at school now.
Father: Really? 3
Son: From 3:00 pm to 4:00 pm every day.
Father: What sports do you play?
Son: Basketball and football. 4
Father: That’s great! If you play sports every day, you will be much stronger.
Son: I think so. Oh, look! 5
Father: The air is fresh, too. Let’s come and hike here every week, shall we?
Son: Good idea!
A. When do you play sports?
B. I can’t walk any farther.
C. I am crazy about ball games, you know.
D. The sight here is so beautiful!
E. Is this why you take me out here?
F. It’s a good idea.
G. What’s your favorite sport?
二、根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意义连贯、完整。
A：Hello，Da Wei！How was your last vacation？
B：It was great！
A： 1 ？
B：I have been to Beijing with my parents.
A：Oh，Beijing is a good place to visit. 2 ？
B：For ten days.
A：Have you been to the Great Wall？
B： 3 . It is the greatest wall I have ever seen. We also spent a day on Wangfujing Street and bought many nice things.
A： 4 ？
B：We went to Tian’anmen Square to watch the national flag go up.
A： 5 ？
B：We came back last Sunday.
一、1—5 BEACD
二、
【语篇解读】本对话主语谈论假期去北京旅游的。和父母一起去的，参观了长城，去王府井购物和在天安门看升国旗。
1. Where have you been?
【解析】句意：你去过哪里？根据下文I have been to Beijing with my parents.（我和我父母去过北京。）可知询问“你到过哪里”，询问地点用where，后加一般疑问句，结合句意和语境可知填Where have you been?
2. How long have you been there?
【解析】句意：你在那儿多久了？根据回答For ten days.可知询问的“在哪里呆多久”，询问的时间段，用how long，后面加一般疑问句，结合句意和语境可知填是How long have you been there?
3. Yes, I have
【解析】句意：是的，我去过。上文Have you been to the Great Wall？是现在完成时一般疑问句，它的回答Yes，I have./No, I haven’t.根据下文It is the greatest wall I have ever seen.可知是肯定回答；结合句意和语境可知答案是Yes, I have。
4. What else did you do?
【解析】句意：你还做了什么？根据下文We went to Tian’anmen Square to watch the national flag go up.结合语境可知询问“你还做了什么”，询问做什么用what +助动词+主语+do？本句时态是过去式，故借助助动词did，结合句意和语境可知答案是What else did you do?
5. When did you come back?
【解析】句意：你什么时候回来的？根据下文We came back last Sunday.可知询问“你们时间回来的”，询问时间用when，后加一般疑问句；结合句意和语境可知答案是When did you come back?

The pig and the watermelon小猪搬西瓜
　　In spring, the mother pig took the little pig LuLu to the foot of the mountain. They planted some watermelon.
　　When summer came, there were many big round watermelons in the field.
　　One day, the sun was burning like fire, it was terribly hot on the ground. The mother pig said to the little pig: "Lulu, go to the field to pick a watermelon back, OK?" Lulu said happily: "OK! No problem."
　　Then he ran to the watermelon field. When he got to the field, he was happy to find so many big green watermelons. He chose one of the biggest watermelons and picked it from the vine. Then he held it with his hands trying to lift is on his shoulder to carry it home.
　　"Wow! It’s so heavy!" Lulu tried several times, but he failed. And he was socked with sweat. He wiped his sweat off and decided to have a rest.
　　Suddenly he saw the monkey Pipi. He was playing with a hoop. Lulu patted his head and said: "I’ve got it." He thought, the round hoop can roll, the watermelon was round too. It can roll too. He then put the big melon on the ground and rolled it forward quickly.
　　At last he got home with the watermelon. The mother pig knew the story, she exclaimed: "My child, you’re really clever!"
　　春天的时候，猪妈妈带着小猪噜噜，在山坡下种了一大片西瓜。到了夏天，西瓜地里结满了又圆又大的西瓜。
　　有一天，太阳光火辣辣地照着大地，天啊，可热了。猪妈妈对小猪说:“噜噜，你到咱们的地里摘个大西瓜回来解解渴吧!”小猪噜噜高兴地说:“好吧!”说完就往西瓜地里跑。到了地里一看。呵，到处躺着大西瓜，水灵灵的，真惹人喜爱!噜噜挑了个最大的摘了下来。它双手搂着西瓜，想抱
　　抱起来放在肩上扛回家。“哟，好重呀!”噜噜试着抱了几次都没有抱起来，还累得满头大汗。 它直起身来，擦了擦脸上的汗水想休息一下，再去试试抱西瓜。突然，它看到小猴皮皮在山下边的马路上滚铁环玩呢。小猪噜噜一拍后脑勺高兴地说:“有了，我有办法了。”什么办法呢?小猪噜噜心想:铁环是圆的，可以滚动。西瓜也是圆的，不也可以滚动吗?想到这儿啊，小猪噜噜顾不上休息，把大西瓜放在地上。咕噜噜，咕噜噜地向前滚，一直把西瓜滚到家里。
猪妈妈看到小猪噜噜把又圆又大的西瓜搬回家，夸奖噜噜是个爱动脑筋的猪娃娃!

题型要求
考点分析
书面表达旨在测试学生的英语综合能力。中考的书面表达是一种指导性写作。试题对写作的目的、对象、体裁及字数都有明确的规定。考生应能：（1）准确使用语法和词汇；（2）使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。
近年来中考书面表达以图画和提纲作文为主，要求考生根据所给的要点和图画以及提示词，发挥想象，完成一篇80词左右的英语作文。在近几年的中考写作中，表达观点类文章的比重越来越大，出题形式也多种多样，有看图写作、图表、表格、书信等多种类型，但文章实际上都是议论文，有时是夹叙夹议类文章。预计2017年将继续采用这种方式。
一般来说，观点看法类文章的内在逻辑关系十分清晰，它除了考查考生的英文基础，还考查考生的逻辑能力。具体来说就是上下文的衔接过渡和文章层次的体现。文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡性的词和短语来完成，在修辞中称为"启、承、转、合"。"启"就是开头，"承"就是承接，"转"是转折，"合"是综合或总结。
1. 用于表示"启"的过渡性的词和短语通常用在段落或文章的开头。此类过渡性的词和短语有first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to begin with, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, lately等。
2. 用于表示"承"的过渡性的词和短语通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中。此类过渡性的词和短语有second, in addition, besides, then, moreover, what’s more, what’s worse, for example, certainly, obviously, in other words, still, at the same time, no doubt等。
3. 用于表示"转"的过渡性的词和短语通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中。此类过渡性的词和短语有but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, otherwise, while, despite, in spite of等。
4. 用于"合"的过渡性的词和短语通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中。过渡性词和短语有in a word, in short, above all, after all, finally, therefore, as a result, on the whole, in summary等。
总之，要做好书面表达，需要大家把握以下几个原则：细读提示，抓要点：选择句型，准表达；确定线索，巧组合；适当发挥，保完整；规范书写，争高分；细查全文，除笔误。
——十句作文法
第一段为开头，包括两句。第一句为主题句，提出问题并通过问题点明全文主题；第二句为扩展句，进一步说明和支持主题句。另外，也可调整两句的顺序，由第一句说明情况，第二句提出问题。
第二段为正文，共七句。第一句为主题句，提出本段的主题，它应与第一段的主题相一致。第二句至第七句为扩展句，说明和支持本段的主题。句与句之间要注意运用好过渡词，以使行文流畅。
第三段为结尾，简化为一句，是对全文的总结，并说明作者自己的观点。
三段之间的衔接要灵活运用＂启、承、转、合＂的过渡手段。
遇到要点不会表达怎么办？词数不达标怎么办？不要急，＂一代，五加，一扩＂帮你轻松解决问题。＂一代，五加，一扩＂具体说来就是：
1. 以实代虚——写实
2. 增加限定语——定语、状语等
3. 增加例子——for example, such as
4. 增加原因——进一步说明
5. 加套语（词块）
6. 加格言、谚语等——进一步说明
7. 扩充建议——自主发挥，点到即可

1. 观点鲜明，文章一定有一个明确的中心论点——主题。
2. 层次分明，一个中心论点通常有几个分论点支持，层次要分明，过渡要自然。
3. 最后一段一般要总结全文，得出一个符合逻辑的结论，突出中心思想。
4. 通常采用一般现在时。
5. 语言简洁有力，一般不采用口语。
1. 开头句型
As far as ...is concerned
It goes without saying that...
It can be said with certainty that...
As the proverb says ...
It has to be noticed that...
It’s generally recognized that...
It’s likely that ...
It’s hardly too much to say that...
What calls for special attention is that... 需要特别注意的是
There’s no denying the fact that... 毫无疑问，无可否认
Nothing is more important than the fact that...
What’s far more important is that...
2. 衔接句型
A case in point is ... As is often the case...
As stated in the previous paragraph 如前段所述
But the problem is not so simple. Therefore... 然而问题并非如此简单，所以……
But it’s a pity that...
For all that...In spite of the fact that... Further, we hold opinion that...
However, the difficulties in...
Similarly, we should pay attention to... not (that)...but (that)... 不是……而是……
In view of the present station... 鉴于目前形势
As has been mentioned above... 综上所述
In this respect, we many as well (say)... 从这个角度上我们可以说……
However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is... 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面，即……
3. 结尾句型
I will conclude by saying... Therefore, we have the reason to believe that... All things considered 总而言之
It may be safely said that...
Therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable...
It can be concluded from the discussion that... 从中我们可以得出这样的结论
From my point of view, it would be better if... 在我看来……也许更好
4. 万能句型
Let’s take...to illustrate this. 试举例以兹证明
Let’s take the above chart as an example to illustrate this.
It remains to be further studied... There’s question is how...
观点看法类作文的整体结构有一定的模式可循，可以先写对比的一方面，再写另外一方面；也可以将对比的两个方面的不同点一一比较着写。
对比观点看法类作文的写作摸板：
The topic of 主题 is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favourite. They hold their view for the reason of 理由一 . What’s more, 理由二 . Moreover, 理由三 . While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. First, 理由一 . Second(Besides), 理由二 . Third(Finally), 理由三 .
From my point of view, I think 我的观点 . The reason is that 原因 . As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former(later)is surely a wise choice.
典例一 (2017·山东泰安)
如今，很多城市出现了一种绿色出行方式――共享单车（bike-sharing），它因环保、便捷而备受青睐，但同时也引发了一些问题。请你根据提示以＂Bike-sharing＂为题写一篇英语短文，表达自己的看法和建议。
要点提示：
Advantages
Be convenient, less pollution, reduce the traffic pressure（减缓交通压力）
Take exercise…
Problems
Throw away, damage（毁损）, be stolen…
Advice
Civilized（文明的）, follow the rules, take good care of…
注意：
1. 短文应包括以上要点，可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；
2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名及地名；
3. 词数：80-100（文章开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
Bike-sharing
Today, as a greener means of transportation, bike-sharing is becoming more and more popular in many cities. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Today, as a greener means of transportation, bike-sharing is becoming more and more popular in many cities. It’s known that it has many advantages. So it’s enjoyed by lots of people.
First of all, it’s very convenient for people to go somewhere. Also, it helps to reduce the traffic pressure. There will be less pollution because of bike-sharing. Besides, bike-sharing helps people take more exercise. In this way, it’s helpful to people’s health.
However, it also brings some problems. For example, some people throw them away after using bikes. Even some people damage them, and some bikes are stolen.
In my opinion, everyone should try to be civilized and follow the rules of using bikes. As long as we take good care of bikes, it will make our life better and better, and our environment will be more beautiful.
【亮点说明】
这篇短文内容丰富，表达了所有要点，语言表达准确，意思连贯，符合逻辑。在短文中使用了大量的复合句，固定句式，连词及固定短语，为文章增色，如：It’s known that it has many advantages.，First of all, it’s very convenient for people to go somewhere.，In this way, However, it also brings some problems. For example, In my opinion,等。
典例二 (2017·浙江绍兴)
某英语教育网站正在开展主题为＂How can a teenager have a successful life?＂的讨论，为此你采访了一些同学（结果见下表）。请用英语写一篇短文参与讨论，并阐述你的观点。
同学主要观点
你的观点
努力学习
尊重父母
服务社会
计划未来
……（至少两条）
注意：（1）短文必须包括表中所有内容，可适当增加细节；
（2）你的观点至少两条；
（3）词数：80—100；
（4）短文首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：尊重respect
I have recently done a survey about how a teenager can have a successful life.
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【参考范文】
I have recently done a survey about how a teenager can have a successful life.
Most students believe it’s necessary to study hard. After all, study plays a key role in their life. They also agree they should respect their parents, who look after them every day. Besides, they’re ready to serve the society and in their opinion it’s really meaningful. What’s more, they think each teenager is supposed to make a good plan for future.
From my point of view, we need to make some good friends so that we can learn from each other. Also, we must be active and exercise more to keep healthy because it’s important to a successful life.
【亮点说明】
短文用了一些短语和句式，如：do a survey about sth关于某事做调查；respect their parents尊敬他们的父母；look after照顾；make a good plan for sth为某事做一个好的计划；make some good friends交一些好朋友；keep healthy保持健康。用了宾语从句，如：Most students believe it’s necessary to study hard. What’s more, they think each teenager is supposed to make a good plan for future.用了because引导的原因状语从句，如：Also, we must be active and exercise more to keep healthy because it’s important to a successful life.增加了文章的亮点，也是提分的经典句子。
（一）
（河南省郑州一中汝州实验中学2018届九年级模拟）请根据提示写一篇题为＂The Population Problem＂ 的短文。（80 词左右） 21-cnjy*com
提示：1.人口问题是当今世界上最大的问题之一；
2.中国是世界上人口最多的国家；
3.如果人口增长过快，将会带来许多严重问题（请举例说明） ；
4.我们应继续执行计划生育政策，以控制人口增长。
要求：文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。
The Population Problem
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（二）
（重庆市南川三校联盟2018届九年级期中）好的环境能使我们高兴和舒适，改善了环境就意味着改善我们的生活。平时我们应该多种花草和树，别乱扔垃圾，看见垃圾应该把它扔进垃圾箱；别随地吐痰，购物时最好用布袋代替塑料袋，应该记住3Rs，尽自己所能去保护环境，成为一个环保者。
根据以上信息，以＂How to Protect the Environment ＂为题写一篇80词左右的短文。
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（三）
（云南民族大学附属中学2018届九年级期中）＂无规矩不成方圆＂，我们学校有很多规章制度，如课堂规则、食堂就餐规则、宿舍晚就寝规则等，请以＂My School Rules＂为题写一篇文章，介绍一下我们学校的规则，并谈谈你对这些规则的看法。
要求：
1. 注意紧扣主题，意思连贯，语言通顺，书写规范；
2. 不得使用真实姓名和校名，如需使用名字，请用Mike，Gina等英文名字，校名统一用Guangming Middle School；
3. 词数不少于60。
My School Rules
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（一）
【思路导航】
【参考范文】
The Population Problem
The population is one of the biggest problems in the world today. China has the largest population with 1.3 billion. It’s about one fifth of the world’s population. A large population causes many difficulties, not only for every family, but also for the whole nation. It has become a serious problem. In many less developed areas, some parents prefer boys to girls. As a result, many girls can’t go to school. I think we should do something to control the population. One answer is known as the one-child policy. It has worked well in controlling China’s population.
【亮点说明】
这是一篇优秀的作文。上下文意思连贯，用词准确、句子通顺，注意人称和时态，使用一般现在时和现在完成时。覆盖了所有信息，无拼写错误及标点误用，词数符合要求。
（二）
【思路导航】
这是一篇材料作文。根据提示内容可知用一般现在时，按照提示内容逐条进行回答，同时还应注意写作中要有适当性的发挥。
【参考范文】
How to Protect the Environment
Good environment can make people feel happy and comfortable. If we improve our environment, that will mean we can improve our living conditions. So the environment is important for all of us. I think we should do something we can to make our environment better. For example, we mustn’t throw rubbish here and there. If we find rubbish, we should pick it up and throw it into the dustbin. We should also plant more trees to make our planet green. What’s more, we mustn’t spit everywhere. While shopping, we’d better use cloth bags instead of plastic ones. We should remember 3Rs: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and try our best to protect the environment to become a environmentalist. In this way, we can have a better and greener earth to live in.
【亮点说明】
这篇习作的层次清晰，内容饱满，表达流畅。文中使用了非常好的短语，例如be important for all of us，make our environment better，for example，here and there，pick it up，instead of，try our best，in this way等。而If we improve our environment, that will mean we can improve our living conditions. / I think we should do something we can to make our environment better./ If we find rubbish, we should pick it up and throw it into the dustbin.等多种从句的运用更是为文章增色不少，是本篇习作的亮点。
（三）
【思路导航】
【参考范文】
My School Rules
My school has many school rules for the students to follow. First, in class, when having a lesson, we can’t make any noise and should listen to the teacher carefully. We can’t chat or eat something in class. We shouldn’t be late for class. Second, for eating meals, we should go to the school canteen and wait in line while buying. We shouldn’t jump the line and spit in public. Third, in dormitory, we are not allowed to be absent for the whole night. We must turn off the lights on time and go to sleep instead of talking so much, which can affect others.
I think all the rules are good for us to have a good order in school. They can make us study our lessons better. We should obey the school rules. 【21cnj*y.co*m】
【亮点说明】
这篇文章语言规范，叙事清楚，词汇及时态运用正确，能够把提示的内容叙述清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯是一篇不错的文章，特别是表示顺序的词（First, Second, Third）的使用，使文章表达更具有条理性。
A
假如你是初中生李华，在家是独生子女，国家开放二孩政策后，你的父母想再生一个孩子，征求你的意见。恰好你的美国笔友Peter来信询问我国的二孩政策。请你给他回一封信，内容要点如下：
1.?简单解释国家的二孩政策；
2.?得知父母打算生二胎后你的想法；
3.?征求Peter的看法。
注意：
1.?词数80左右；
2.?可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.?开头语已为你写好，不计入字数。
Dear Peter,
I have received your letter and I’m glad to explain to you the two-child policy in China.__________________
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Yours,
Li Hua
B
学会自我保护是青少年需要具备的一种意识和能力。请根据以下提示，并结合自己的观点，以＂How Can We Protect Ourselves?＂为题，写一篇不少于80词的短文，谈谈在生活中青少年应该怎样自我保护(self-protection)。
提示：1. never swim alone;
2. be careful to make friends;
3. call the police when you are in danger;
4. eat healthy food;
5. don’t crowd(go upstairs and downstairs).
要求：1. 句子结构准确，要点齐全，内容合理，篇章结构连贯；
2. 文中不能出现真实姓名、校名、地名。
How Can We Protect Ourselves?
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C
我们周围的环境变得越来越糟糕，尤其是近年来我国多地出现雾霾（smog）天气，这更引发了人们对环境污染的关注。请你围绕环境保护这一主题，谈一谈你的家乡存在什么环境问题，你作为一名中学生应该如何来保护环境(至少列出3项)。?
要求：1. 语言通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；?
2. 词数：80词左右。
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A
Dear Peter,
I have received your letter and I’m glad to explain to you the two-child policy in China.
The Chinese government recently plans to change the one-child policy into two-child policy, meaning that every family is allowed to have two children. Now my parents have made a decision to give birth to a second child, which worries me. Though it is good to have a brother or sister to grow up with, I have to share everything with him or her. Most importantly, what if the love from my parents is totally switched to the new child?
Do you have similar problems? What’s your opinion about this?
Yours,
Li Hua
B
How Can We Protect Ourselves?
Self-protection is one of the most important skills for teenagers. But how can we protect ourselves? Here are some of my suggestions.
First, we should be careful when we make friends, especially online. Second, if we are in danger, we must call the police for help in time so that we can keep ourselves safe. Also, we ought to eat healthy. Besides, we shouldn’t crowd each other when we go upstairs and downstairs at school. Last but not least, summer is coming, we must remember it’s dangerous to swim alone.
In short, everyone needs to learn how to protect ourselves and stay away from danger.
C
As we know, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. Some chemical factories always pour waste water and terrible gas into the environment. In some places, some people even have no clean water to drink. So I think we must do something to protect the environment.
How to protect the environment? First, as a student, we should use cloth bags when we go shopping. Second, we’d better reuse the old textbooks. Third, we should never forget to turn off the lights when we leave the classrooms.
In a word, we must try our best to protect our environment. I believe we can make the world a better place to live in.


　 叙事描写类的书面表达是以叙述和描写为主要表达方式，以写人、叙事和经历、写物、绘景等为主要内容的文体：【21教育】
人物类书面表达主要通过刻画人物性格，塑造人物形象，反映生活，表现主题，模版如下：

叙事和经历类书面表达通过叙述事件的起因、经过和结果表现主题。
写景状物类书面表达通过对事物和景点的描述表现主题。文章宜采用总—分—总的结构或总—分的结构，模版如下：



这一类的书面表达动词现率最高，且富于变化，用得最多的是动词的过去时态，各种时态为辅。合理使用丰富多彩的动词时态是这类书面表达的首要语言特征。人物类书面表达如果是对人的性格、外貌等叙述常用一般现在时，如果通过事件来刻画人物的性格，那么就要用过去时。写好这类书面表达要注意以下几点:
1.头绪分明，脉络清楚
写好书面表达，首先要头绪分明，脉络清楚，明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析，弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程，然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都要围绕五个＂W＂和一个＂H＂来展开，分别是why, what, when, where, who及how。
2.突出中心，详略得当
在文章的框架确定后，对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍，应该从表现文章主题的需要出发，分清主次，定好详略。详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节，略写粗述那些非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而会使情节罗列化，使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题，也需要一定的技巧。
3.用活语言，准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的叙事描写类书面表达的语言既要准确、生动，又要表视力强，这样才能把人、事物描写得具体生动。
1.?Among various kinds of things/persons in my mind?... is the most unforgettable one.
2.?On a sunny/rainy morning,?while I was...First of all... Then ... After that... In the end ...
3. He/she/this was one of the most meaningful/enjoyable/unforgettable persons/things that I have ever met/ experienced,?I will remember him/her forever.
加分句子：
1. Sth impressed me greatly...
2. What impressed me most is that...
经典句型：
1.?Last?Sunday（Saturday...）, it?was?sunny（rainy,?windy,?foggy）?
2.?I?got?up?very?early?（late）.?After?breakfast?I?went?to?with?my?friends?by?bike,?bus...???
3.?We?enjoyed?ourselves.
4.?We?forgot?the?time.?We?didn’t?come?back?until?5?o’clock.???
5.?We?all?felt?very?tired,?but?we?were?happy.??
6.?I?thought?I?would?never?forget?this?trip.?
7.?Last?summer,?my?parents?and?I?went?to?Beijing?for?our?holidays.???
8.?We?visited?a?lot?of?places?of?interest.??
9.?We?had?a?good?time?there.?
10.?We?bought?a?lot?of?things.?The?clothes?here?are?good?and?cheap.?
人物类书面表达主要通过刻画人物性格，塑造人物形象，反映生活，表现主题，模版如下：

叙事和经历类书面表达通过叙述事件的起因、经过和结果表现主题。
写景状物类书面表达通过对事物和景点的描述表现主题。文章宜采用总—分—总的结构或总—分的结构，模版如下：

典例一（2017·河南）我们每天都要做很多事情，有些还很棘手。请以＂I did it＂为题，并根据要点和要求，用英语写一篇短文，描述一件你完成的棘手事情。
1. 要点：1)你做了什么事情；
2)你是如何做那件事情的；
3)你做完那件事情后的感受。
2. 要求：1)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
2)词数80左右。
I did it
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【思路导航】
【参考范文】
I did it
How time flies! I'm fifteen years now. There was one thing that I will never forget. Gone through that matter，I seem to grow up a lot. That was New Year's Eve last year，the students send each other greeting cards. Cards with their own wishes and sent to good friends. I have also been infected by this atmosphere and ready to join the crowd. Suddenly，I saw a student sitting there alone. That is not the famous ＂naughty King＂ Liu Kai do. But now，he seems like a changed man. How he got it？I looked at him puzzled. Suddenly，I wake up. Certainly because no one sent him a greeting card，and no one said to him words of wish. I could not help feeling sad for him. So I handed him a greeting card，and said to him, ＂Happy holiday!＂ He looked at me then looked at the cards，said happily, ＂Thank you!＂ His eyes filled with happiness. He stood up and said,＂I also have a beautiful card. ＂Looked at him，and I smiled. How important group is!
【亮点说明】
本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了我做了什么事情；接下来介绍我是如何做那件事情的；最后表达我做完那件事情后的感受。此处go through, seem to do sth, stand up, each other, wake up, couldn’t help doing sth, hand sb sth等这些短语的运用也让文章增色不少。
典例二（2017·重庆B卷）在我们成长的道路，朋友是不可或缺的那道风景。在相知相伴的岁月里，留下了多少美好的故事和难忘的回忆! 某英语报社以＂A Story Between My Friend and Me＂为题开展征文活动，请你按要求用英语写一篇文章参赛。
要求：1. 故事必须原创；
2. 80-120词，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。
参考要点：1. 分享故事(起因，经过，结果……)；
2. 表达感受(幸福，感动，思考……)；
3. ……
A Story between My Friend and Me
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