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牛津译林版 八下 Unit3 习题四
一、动词的适当形式填空
1. ________ they _______ (build) a new school in the village
2. _________ you _____ (find) your watch yet
3. Mary________ (lose) her pen. ________ you _______(see) it here and there
4. ——Are you thirsty
——No, I _________just _________ (have) some orange.
5. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year. (die)
二、单项选择
( ) 1. I _____ today’s home work already. What about you
A. have finished B. finish C. to finish D. finishing
( ) 2. Thank you for supporting the volunteer project. _____! Many hands make light work.
A. My pleasure B. All right C. Never mind D. That’s right
( ) 3. I won’t go to see the film tonight because I_____ my ticket.
A. didn’t lose B. have lost C. will lose D. didn’t have
( ) 4. ——Where is your mother
——__________. We haven’t seen each other for months. .
A. She has been to America B. She has gone to England
C. She is going to Africa D. She would visit my grandparents
( ) 5. It_____ ten years since they _____ to France.
A. was; moved B. was; have moved C. is; have moved D. is ; moved
三、句型转换
1. My father got back the day before yesterday. （改为同义句）
My father has _______ _______ for two days.
2. He has already finished his homework. （改为否定句）
He _______ finished his homework_______.
3. John went to see his grandmother once a week. （对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ _______ John _______ to see his grandmother
4. Kitty came to Hong Kong two days ago. （改为同义句）
Kitty _______ _______ _______ Hong Kong for two days.
5. You have never been to Shanghai before. （改为反意疑问）
You have never been to Shanghai before, _______ _______
四、阅读理解
I have a boring friend called Boris. Boris has travelled to every part of the world.
If I ask him a question like “Have you ever been to Jamaica or Beijing ” Boris always answers, “Yes, I’ve been there.” If I ask him a question like “Would you like to go to Jamaica or Beijing ” Boris always answers. “No, I’ve already been there.”
If someone has had a nice holiday in any part of the world, Boris always says, “I’ve been there.”
He’s been everywhere, but he hasn’t anything to say about the places he has visited.
Sometimes I think he has been everywhere but seen nothing!
1. Boris doesn’t want to go anywhere because he ____.
A. never travels abroad B. has been there before C. likes to stay at home
2. Where has Boris been
A. He has only been to Jamaica. B. He has only been to Beijing.
C. He has been to many different places.
3. If someone has had a nice holiday abroad, you can be sure that Boris _____.
A. wants to go there B. will go there soon C. has already been there
4. The writer’s friend Boris is boring because____.
A. he always talks about the places he has visited.
B. he has nothing to say about the places he has visited.
C. he is always travelling.
参考答案：
一、动词的适当形式填空
1. Did, build
2. Have, find
3. lost, Have, seen
4. have, had
5. died, been, dead
二、单项选择
1——5： A A B B C
三、句型转换
1. been home
2. hasn’t ; yet
3. How often did ; go
4. has been in
5. have you
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牛津译林版英语八年级下册Unit 1 Past and present
Grammar课时教学设计
课题 Past and present Grammar 单元 Unit 1 学科 English 年级 八年级
学习目标 语言知识 了解一般过去时和现在完成时的区别语言技能 能正确使用使用一般过去时和现在完成时语言运用 能组织含有一般过去时和现在完成时的句子文化意识 能用适当时态完成有关旅游的相关对话和文章情感态度 发现身边美好事物，热爱旅行，热爱生活学习策略 学会运用归纳法和演绎法来学习语法知识
重点 学习并掌握一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
难点 能在不同语境里正确使用一般过去时和现在完成时
教学过程
教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 设计意图
导入新课 Step 1. Revision用所给词的适当形式填空并小结一般过去时和现在完成时的构成、用法和常用时间状语1.一般过去时：构成：动词的过去式用法：1）表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。2）表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常用时间状语：yesterday、last night、in 1990、two days ago …2.现在完成时：构成：have /has + v 过去分词用法：1）.表示到现在为止已经完成的动作。2.）表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成影响。3）.表示动作开始于过去，一直持续到现在，并有可能继续持续下去。常用时间状语：just , already, yet, ever, never, before, several times, since,for 完成练习并根据题目小结一般过去时和现在完成时的相关语法 通过完成练习的方式复习语法，并让学生自己小结语法知识
讲授新课 Step 1. Lead in1.展示几组句子进行对比并分析Step 2. Groupwork3.形式变化1）规则变化2）不规则变化3.Exercises:Step 4. Presentation1.Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets.2.Mr Wu is asking the students to make sentences with the correct tenses. Help them complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets.3.Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the words in brackets.4.Millie is writing about the USA in her diary. Complete her diary entry with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.5.Language points:1)dream about/of 的用法2)some day的用法Step6. Homework1.Review the usage of simple past tense and present perfect tense.2.Try to remember the past participles of irregular verbs. 分析句子，根据句子小结时态讨论并分别总结一般过来时和现在完成时各方面的区别完成相应练习阅读课文，完成书上练习学习课文中语言点完成习题并核对答案完成家庭作业 通过例句引入本课语法学生通过讨论自己总结本课重点语法，提高学生学习的自主性理解、总结语法后进行即时训练，强化巩固知识点通过完成书上练习，强化掌握课文重点语法帮助学生掌握课文中语言点将学习的语法知识运用到实际情景中，巩固文中语言点课后巩固
课堂小结 现在完成时/一般过去时的区别用法不同：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，和现在不发生关系。现在完成时表示的动作或状态与现在的情况有联系，侧重这一动作对现在所造成的影响。结构不同：一般过去时：主语 + 谓语动词的过去式现在完成时：主语 + have/has+动词的过去分词 时间状语不同：一般过去时通常与表示过去的具体的时间状语连用。而现在完成时则常与表示不确切的时间副词连用。 总结本课重点 通过对重点的小结，让学生更系统地掌握本课内容
板书 Unit3 Online toursGrammar现在完成时/一般过去时的区别用法不同：结构不同： 时间状语不同： 直观地展示本课重点语法内容
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Unit Three
Online tours
牛津译林版 八年级下册
Grammar
Revision
enjoyed
用所给词的适当形式填空：
1. We ________(enjoy) ourselves at the party last night.
2. ______ you ______(go) to the Great Wall last year
3.What day ________(be) it yesterday
4. We ___________(not have) a party last year.
5. ——_____ he _____(have) lunch at nine
——No, he didn't.
Did
go
was
didn't have
Did have
构成
用法
常用
时间状语
动词的过去式
1. 表示过去某个时 间发生的动作或存在的状态。
2. 表示过去经常或 反复发生的动作。
yesterday
last night
in 1990
two days ago …
一般
过去时
用所给词的适当形式填空：
1. She's ________(live) here ever since she was ten.
2. ——Are you thirsty
——No, I _____ just _____(have) some orange.
3. We _____already _______(return) the book.
4. Both of them ______ ______ (be) in HongKong for ten days.
5. ______ you ______(find) your watch yet
have had
have retuned
have been
Have found
has lived
构成
用法
常用
时间状语
have /has +
v 过去分词
1.表示到现在为止已经完成的动作。
2.表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成影响。
3.表示动作开始于过去，一直持续到现在，并有可能继续持续下去。
just , already, yet,
ever, never, before, several times,
since,for
现在
完成时
Simple past tense and present perfect tense
past
present
I went to Beijing two years ago.
We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past.
We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.
I have lived in Beijing for two years.
past
present
Lead in
We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past.
past
present
He bought a new computer last month.
We use the present perfect tense to talk about the result of an action. When the action happened is not very important. It may have just happened or happened some time ago.
He has bought a new computer.
(He has a computer now.)
past
present
We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past.
past
present
We visited Canada in 2010 and 2011.
We use the present perfect tense to tell how many times an action has happened till now.
We have been to Canada twice.
past
present
你能说一说一般过去时和现在完成时的区别吗？
Groupwork
Discuss
Tense Structure Concept
The simple past tense 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句：主语+didn't+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他+？ 表示过去某时发生的动作，和现在______（有/没有）关系。
The present perfect tense 肯定句：主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他 否定句：主语+haven't/hasn't+动词过去分词+其他 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他+？ 表示过去发生的某一动作，强调和现在____（有/没有）关系。
没有
有
1.结构、用法不同：
Tense The time expressions
The simple past tense 过去时间点：just now, at that time, yesterday, this morning, three years ago 等
过去时间段：in the past, in +过去的年份，last week, once upon a time 等
The present perfect tense 副词作标志词：just, already, yet,
since + 时间点/ （时间段+ ago）/ 一般过去时句子; for+时间段
表示次数的时间状语： once, twice, three times, ever, never
2.时间状语不同：
(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
work---worked---worked
(2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。
live---lived---lived
(3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将“y” 变为 “i”，再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied
(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先 双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
drop---dropped--dropped
规则变化
过去式和过去分词的变化：
形式变化
A.过去分词与过去式形式一样
have—had—had spend —spent—spent
make—made—made say—said—said
find—found—found hear—heard—heard
meet—met—met leave—left—left
不规则变化
B.过去分词与过去式形式不一样
take—took—taken speak —spoke—spoken
sing—sang—sung drive—drove—driven
be—was/were—been go—went—gone
C.过去分词、过去式与动词原形一样
cut—cut—cut put —put—put
let—let—let read—read—read
1.三年前我养了一只鹦鹉做宠物。
I _______ a parrot as a pet three years ago.
2.他养这只宠物鹦鹉三年了。
I ____________the pet parrot for three years.
kept
have kept
3.他上个星期去参观了我们的学校。
He ________ our school last week.
4.他已经参观过我们的学校了。
He ____________our school.
visited
has visited
5.我上个月看过这部电影。
I_______ this movie last week.
6.我已经看过这部电影很多次。
I____________this movie many times.
saw
have seen
Exercises:
Presentation
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
I ______ (visit) the Palace Museum with my grandparents the other day.
visited
I ________ (climb) Mount Huang last Summer.
climbed
_____ you ever _____ (try) the famous Tianjin Baozi
Have tried
I am happy that I ___________
(learn) to swim.
have learnt
Mr Wu is asking the students to make sentences with the correct tenses. Help them complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
1. I ________________ (finish/ just) my homework.
Millie ________ (finish) her homework 20 minutes ago.
2. I ______ (write) an email to my friend yesterday.
Daniel _________________ (write/ already) two emails.
has already written
have just finished
wrote
finished
3. I ______(be) in Hainan last week.
Some of our classmates _____________ (not be) to Hainan yet.
4. I __________ (live) in Sunshine Town since I was born.
Daniel _____ (live) in Nanjing in 2007.
was
lived
have lived
haven not been
Millie: ___________________ (you/be/ever) to
Nanjing
Simon: Yes. I(2)____________(be) there three
times.
Millie: When (3)____________ (you/go) there
last
Simon: Last summer. I (4)______(spend) a week
there.
Have you ever been
have been
did you go
spent
Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the words in brackets
Millie: (5)____________ (you/like) it
Simon: Oh yes. I (6)_____ (have) a great time there. I (7)______ (visit) many places of interest and (8)____ (eat) lots of local food.
Millie: Lucky you! I (9)_______________
(be/never) there.
had
visited
ate
have never been
Do you like
Millie is writing about the USA in her diary. Complete her diary entry with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
be buy read return see show
Saturday, 15 March
Have you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without a passport Yes, you can realize your dream by taking an online tour. Yesterday Danniel (1)_________ me an online tour of the USA. I (2)_____ never _____ so many wonderful pictrues before.
showed
have seen
Last week, I (3)_________ a book about the places of interest in the USA. I (4)_________ 20 pages already. It’s really interesting. My dad (5)_____ just _________ from the USA, but I (6) ______ never_______ there. I hope I can visit the USA some day.
have been
bought
have read
has
returned
1. Have you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without a passport
dream vi.& vt. 做梦，梦想
dream about/of 想象；梦想
e.g.
I dreamt (that) I got the job.
我梦见自己得到了那份工作
I dreamt about you last night.
我昨晚梦见你了。
She dreams of running her own business.
她梦想自己开公司。
2. I hope I can visit the USA some day.
some day指将来“总有一天、有朝一日、终将、(日后)某一天”，谓语动词用一般将来时。
eg.
Some day he'll be famous.
总有一天他会成名的。
the other day 相当于a few days ago, 意为“几天前、某天、那天、不久前”，句中用一般过去时。
eg. I was chatting to him the other day.
前几天我和他聊了一阵。
用所给动词的适当形式填空
Exercise
1. I've lost my pen. ______ you ______ (see) it anywhere
2. A terrible earthquake ___________
(happen) in Wenchuan on May 12,
2008.
3. I _____ just _______ (finish) my homework.
4. Last year I _____ (go) to the theatre
every week.
Have seen
happened
have finished
went
5. _____ you _____ (is) to the United
States
Not yet. But I _____ (go) to Canada a
few years ago.
6. In 1995, there ____ (be) a very big race.
7.The students ___________ (read) English when the teacher came in.
8. Everyone except Tom and Jane ______(be) there when the meeing began.
Have been
went
was
were reading
was
1.My father came back from the bookshop just now.
My father ______ just ________ ______ the book shop.
2.The old doctor died five years ago.
The old doctor _____ _____ _____ for five years.
3.The film began two minutes ago.
The film _____ ______ ______ since two minutes ago.
4.He has had the motorbike for two years.
It’s two years ______he ________ the motorbike.
5.The train arrived ten minutes ago.
It is ______ ______ since the train arrive.
has
returned
from
has been dead
has been on
since
bought
ten minutes
改写句子
阅读填空：
Last Sunday, Ted and his father ____________ (be) at home. They ____________ (move) to a new house. His father _____________(want) to put the books in some boxes, but he ______ (can not) find any boxes. Ted ____________ (tell) him the boxes _______________ (be) in the next room. Then he __________(bring) these boxes to his father.
were
moved
wanted
told
couldn’t
were
brought
1. The famous scientists ______ Beijing two days ago.
A. arrived B. have got to
C. left D. have been away from
2. Mr. Black is going to marry a girl he
______ in Japan last year.
A. meets B. met
C. has met D. would meet
考题链接
3. — Have you ever been to Canada
— Yes, I ______ there last year with
my parents.
A. have been B. have gone
C. went D. go
4. Mr. Brown _______ in Beijing since 1993.
A. work B. works
C. worked D. has worked
Summary
用法不同：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，和现在不发生关系。现在完成时表示的动作或状态与现在的情况有联系，侧重这一动作对现在所造成的影响。
现在完成时/一般过去时的区别
结构不同：
一般过去时：主语 + 谓语动词的过去式
现在完成时：主语 + have/has+动词的过去分词
时间状语不同：一般过去时通常与表示过去的具体的时间状语连用。而现在完成时则常与表示不确切的时间副词连用。
Homework
1.Review the usage of simple past tense and present perfect tense.
2.Try to remember the past participles of irregular verbs.
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