Unit5 water
一.单词和词形变化
单词
词性及词义
词汇拓展
experiment
n. 实验
experimental adj.实验(性) 的
salt
n. 盐
salty adj.咸的 saltless adj.无盐的
chemical
n. 化学品
Chemistry n.化学 chemist n.化学家
valuable?
adj. 宝贵的
value n. 价值 valueless adj.没有价值的
二、Reading部分重点短语(必背)
1.在浴室 ________________ 2. 在使用中,在流动中;开着的______________
3.开/关水龙头______________________ 4.一滴水________________
5.环顾四周________________ 6.来自_____________
7.几天前________________ 8.落入_____________
9.流入______________ 10. 是某人该做某事的时候了_____________________________
11.把…加入_______________ 12 ....的终点_________________
记得去做某事______________________ 14.记得不要做某事______________________
15. 从…出来________________
三.重点句型(必背)
1.朵拉在浴室里。水龙头打开着。
_________________________________________
2.“关掉水龙头”一个生气的声音说道。
__________________________________________
3.朵拉环顾四周,但是没有一个人在那里。
______________________________________________
4.你知道我来自哪里吗?
________________________________________
5.然后到了人们该清洁我的时候了。
_________________________________________
6.因此这是你旅行的终点吗?
_________________________________________
7.他们清洁我,并且给我添加一些化学物质。
______________________________________________________
8.记得不要浪费或者污染我。我是宝贵的。
_______________________________________________________
9.朵拉关掉水龙头,走出了浴室。
_________________________________________
四.同义词(必背)
1.journey=travel=trip 2.quantity=amount
3.drop=fall 4.add......to.....=put........in/into
5.return=give back 6.continue=go on
7.dirty=not clean
五、语法——谈论名词的数量
一.?谈论多少?
1.??“许多”的表达:?
①?a?lot?of?=?lots?of?+?不可数名词?可数名词复数??
如:a?lot?of?lots?of?water?????a?lot?of?lots?of?swimmers?
②?many?+?可数名词复数??????如:many?swimmers
③?much?+?不可数名词????????如:much?water?
2.??“有一些;少量的(肯定意义)”的表达:?
①?a?little?+?不可数名词?????如:一点时间 a?little?time?
②?a?few?+?可数名词复数??????如:一些朋友 a?few?friends??
3.??“几乎没有;没有(否定意义)”的表达:?
①?little?+?不可数名词?????如:冰箱里几乎没有食物了。There?is?little?food?in?the?fridge.?
②?few?+?可数名词复数??????如:他几乎没有朋友 He?has?few?friends.?
③?no?+不可数名词?可数名词复数?
如:There?is?no?water?in?the?pool.??池塘里没有水。
There?are?no?swimmers?in?the?pool.?池塘里没有游泳的人。
4.??注意:?
①?a?little?=?not…much??“很少(肯定意义)”?
如:There?is?a?little?water?in?this?bottle.?=?There?is?not?much?water?in?the?bottle.?
②?a?few?=?not…?many???“很少(肯定意义)”?
如:There?are?a?few?swimmers?in?the?pool.??=??There?are?not?many?swimmers?in?the?pool.?
二.询问多少?
1.??How?many?+可数名词复数?+?一般疑问句?+?其他????
?如:?How?many?oranges?are?there?in?the?fridge?? 冰箱里面有多少橘子呢?
2.??How?much?+不可数名词+?一般疑问句?+?其他?????
如:?How?much?paper?do?you?need??? 你需要多少纸呢?
How?much?isare?+?the?+?n.???询问价格???
如:?How?much?are?the?oranges? 这些橘子多少钱?
?三.谈论足够与否
?1.??“太多的”表达:?
?too?many?+可数名词复数????? 如:?too?many?oranges?
?too?much?+不可数名词????? 如:?too?much?water
?2.??“足够的”表达:?
?enough?+可数名词复数不可数名词???如:?enough?onions?salt?
3.??“不足的”表达:?
?not?enough??+可数名词复数不可数名词??? 如:?not?enough?onions?salt?
4.??“太少的”表达:?
?too?few?+可数名词复数???????如:too?few?eggs?
?too?little?+不可数名词??????如:too?little?milk?
区别:?
1.??too?much?+不可数名词“太多的、、、”?? much?too?+?adj.?adv.?“太、、、”
如:The?beef?is?much?too?delicious.?????牛肉太好吃了。?
2.??①?enough?adj.?足够的;充分的?,修饰名词,一般置于名词之前??
如:?We?have?enough?milk?for?everyone.????
enough?money?
?②?enough?adv.?足够地;充分地?,修饰adj.?adv.?,只能放在adj.adv.?后面??
如:?He?didn’t?study?hard?enough.???
??good?enough?
Unit6 Electricity
一.单词和词形变化
单词
词性及词义
词汇拓展
electricity
n. 电
electrical adj.用电的
identify
v. 确认;认出
identity n.身份
rule
n. 规则
ruler n.尺子/统治者
foolish
adj. 愚蠢的
fool n. 傻瓜 v.愚弄
connect
V.(使)连接
connection n.连接
cooker
n.厨灶、炉具
cook n.厨师/v.煮
二、Reading部分重点短语(必背)
1.一包 a packet of 2.带给某人某物get sb. sth.= get sth. for sb.
3.出去go out 4.盒装地in packets
5.看起来傻傻的look foolish 6.给某人某物give sb sth=give sth to sb
7.流经flow through 8.像be like
9.在某种程度上in a way 顺便说一下 by the way 一直/总是all the way
在某人去......的路上 on one’s way to
10.连接到be connected to 11. 发电站power station
12.片刻后a moment later 13.返回come back=go back
给你here you are
三.重点句型(必背)
1.一天晚上,黛西说,“我打算去买一袋糖。有人想要任何东西吗?”
One evening, Daisy said,” I’m going to buy a packet of sweets. Does anyone want anything?”
2.本尼笑了,“她不能像糖果一样用袋的形式买电!她会看起来愚 蠢的。”
Benny laughed, “She can’t buy electricity in packets like sweets! She’ll look foolish.”
3.“电给我们能量。它通过电线流动。它像水,在某种程度上,”本尼说。
“Electricity gives us power. It flows through wires. It’s like water, in a way,” said Benny.
4.这些与街道下面的电缆相连接,“爸爸补充道。
These are connected to cables under the street,” Dad added.
5.一会后,黛西回来了。
A moment later, Daisy came back.
6.“我可以拿我那袋电 吗?”本尼问。
“May I have my packet of electricity?” Benny asked.
7.“黛西是对的,”爸爸说。“电池里的化学物质生产电。”
“Daisy’s right,” said Dad. “The chemicals inside batteries produce electricity.”
四.同义词(必背)
1.foolish=silly=stupid 2.be connected to=be linked to
3.conversation=talk 4.all all the world=around the world
5.reply to=answer 6.anyone=anybody
7.turn off=switch off
五、语法——情态动词
一、情态动词的定义?
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语,?只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。常表示命令、请求、拒绝、义务、可能、需要等。
?二、情态动词的特点?
1.?情态动词无人称和数的变化,??
2.?情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加?"not"。
3.?个别情态动词有过去式,?过去式用来表达更客气,?委婉的语气,?时态性不强,?可用于过去,现在。
三、情态动词的用法?
1.?can/could;????????can’t/couldn’t?(否定)?
1)?表示能力,?意为“能、会”,?例如:?
?如:I?can?speak?a?little?English.????????????我会讲一些英语。?????
I?can’t?swim.??我不会游泳。??
--?Can?you?ride?a?bike?????--?Yes,?I?can.?/?No,?I?can?t.?你会骑自行车吗?.是的,我会骑????????????????????????
2)?表示请求或允许,多用于口语中,意为“可以、能”等?
???如:You?can?go?home?now.?你现在可以回家了。
?You?can’t?stop?your?car?here.??????你不能把我车停到这里。
我能借你自行车吗???不,你不能。
--?Can?I?borrow?your?bike??????????--?Yes,?you?can.?/?No,?you?can’t.?
??3)?用于否定句、疑问句中,表示猜测、怀疑或不肯定.?
???如:Lucy?can’t?be?at?home?now,?she?went?to?the?park?just?now.??
Lucy现在不可能在家,她刚刚去了公园。
?Where?can?it?be??它可能会在哪里呢?
I?can’t?find?my?football.?我不能找到我的足球了。
【注意:】?
1)?could?是can的过去式,?有两种用法,?一种表示过去式;一种用来表达更加客气,?委婉的语气,?时态性不强,?可用于过去,现在。?
2)?be?able?to?意为“有能力,能够做...”,?相当于can/could,?但它有人称,数和时态的变化。??
2.?may;?????????may?not?(否定)?
1)?表示“请求,许可”,此时与?can?同义,可以互换使用?
???May?I?borrow?your?bike????????????
?Can?I?borrow?your?bike??????Yes,?you?may.?/?No,?you?may?not.??????Yes,?you?can.?/?No,?you?can’t.
?2)?may/might表示不太肯定的猜测,意为“有可能”?
如:Lucy?may?come?to?school?late?today.?
It?might?rain?today.?
【注意】:might?是may?的过去式,?有两种用法,?一种表示过去式,一种表示更加委婉,?客气的语气或对可能性的怀疑。
3.?must;???????????mustn’t?(否定)?
1)?must(“必须”,?表示命令),mustn’t(“一定不能”,?表示强烈禁止...)????
如:You?must?go?to?bed?before?22:00pm.?你必须在晚上10点前上床睡觉。
You?mustn’t?play?with?fire.?It?s?dangerous!?你禁止玩火,那很危险。
--Must?I?write?down?the?sentences???????我必须写下这些句子吗?
--No,you?needn’t.??(--No,you?don’t?have?to)?
注意:
1)在回答must的疑问句中,否定回答用needn’t或don’t?have?to表示“不必”,不用mustn’t?
2)?must?还可以表示非常肯定的猜测,意为“一定”?如:The?girl?in?a?red?skirt?must?be?Lucy.
??3)?must/?have?to?的区别:?
①.?must表示必须,强调主观上的愿望;have?to表示“不得不”,强调客观需要????如:You?must?go?be?bed?before?22:00pm.???
?My?bike?is?broken,?so?I?have?to?go?to?school?on?foot.?
②.?have?to?有人称、数、时态的变化;must则没有。?
如:用have to 正确形式填空。
I?have?to?clean?the?classroom?today.???
?She?has?to?finish?her?homework?first.?
It?was?late,?he?had?to?go?to?school?without?breakfast.?
Unit7 Poem
一.单词和词形变化
单词
词性及词义
词汇拓展
poem
n. 诗歌
poet n.诗歌
feeling
n. 感觉;情感
feel v.感觉
advice
n. 建议
advise v.建议
foolish
adj. 愚蠢的
fool n. 傻瓜 v.愚弄
aloud
adv.大声地
loud adj.大声的 loudly /loud adv.大声地
agree
v.同意
agreement n.同意
complete
adj.完整的
completely adv. 完全地 completion n.完成
well
n.水井
adj./adv.好地
narrow
adj.狭窄的
narrowly adv.狭窄地
height
n.高度
high adj.高的
二.同义词(必背)
1.advice=suggestion 2.disagree=don’t agree
3.narrow=not wide 4.a crowd of=a large group of=a lot of
5.boring=uninteresting 6.anyone=anybody
7.ordinary=common 8.rush out=go out quickly
9.be worried about=feel unhappy about
三、Reading部分重点短语(必背)
洗澡have a shower=take a shower 太..而不.能做某事..too...to do sth
看见某人正在做某事see sb doing sth 在建筑工地上on the building site
在高处be high up 为..担心be worried about=worry about
在报摊at the newspaper stand 冲出去rush out 从......冲出去 rush out of
害怕做某事be afraid to do sth=be afraid of doing sth 害怕某事 be afraid of sth
匆忙做某事hurry to do sth 有时间去做某事have time to do sth
放下put down 一群人a crowd of people
四.重点句型(必背)
1.他每天回家,洗澡,然后吃晚餐。
he comes home, has a shower
And eats dinner,every day.
现在,他正坐在他最喜爱的椅子上,太累了,不能笑也不能玩。
Now he's siting in his favourite chair
Too tired to ?laugh or play.
我看正在在建筑工地上工作。
Then I see him working,
On the building site.
4.他高高地在云层里,比一个风筝还高。
He's high up in the clouds
Higher than a kite?
5.他正坐在报纸摊。他正坐在报纸摊。
He’s sitting at the newspaper stand.Near the bus stop,6.他们在急着去上班。
They’re hurrying to work.7.他们没有许多时间微笑。
They don’t have much time to smile.
A crowd of people,一群人,All very busy, with tired faces,都很忙,有着疲倦的脸,And just one smile.和刚刚一个微笑。
Let’s make a million smiles!让我们制作一百万个微笑吧!
五、语法——略
Unit8 From hobby to career
一.单词和词形变化
单词
词性及词义
词汇拓展
host
v. 主持
n.主持人/主人 hostess n.女主人
knowledge
n. 知识
knowledgeable adj.知识渊博的;有知识的;有见识的
lively
ad. 生动的
liveliness n. 活泼;热烈
last
v.持续
adj.上一个的;最后的;最近的 adv.最后;最近;上一次
lasting adj 持久的;永恒的
actually
adv.事实上
actual adj. 真实的;实际的
achieve
v.达到(某目标、地位、标准)
achievement n.成绩
train
v.训练;接受训练
n.火车
二.同义词(必背)
1.actually=in fact 2.decide=make up one's mind
3.alone=by oneself=on one's own 4.called=named
5.lively=active 6.be proud of=take pride in
7.achieve one’s dream=make one’s dream come true
8.career=job 9.sometimes=at times
10.have to=must 11.enjoy oneself=have fun=have a good time
12.at the beginning of=at the start of
13.used to do sth=often did sth in the past=once did sth
三、Reading部分重点短语(必背)
1?看起来像?look?like?????????2?作为你将来的事业?as?your?future?career??3?...的开端??the?beginning?of???4?在不同的季节?in?different?seasons??5?我一生的爱好?my?lifetime?hobby????6?划过天空?across?the?sky? 7实现某人的梦想?achieve?one’s?dream???8?用一种生动的方式?in?a?lively?way?9?研究星座?study?stars??????????????10?弄清楚,查明白?find?out??11?一个叫汤姆的男孩?a?boy?called?Tom????12?越来越多?more?and?more13?看见某人正在做某事?see?sb.?doing?sth.?????14?为...感到骄傲?be?proud?of??15?点缀钻石的黑绒?black?velret?with?diamond??16?对我是巨大的乐趣?great?fun?for?me?? 17?曾经做某事?used?to?do?sth.??????????18?持续超过50年?last?for?more?than?50?years??19?把...变成...?turn...?into...????????????20?决定做某事?decide?to?do
四.重点句型(必背)
1?当我8岁的时候,我得到一本关于星星的书??When?I?was?eight,?I?got?a?book?about?stars.? 2?看起来像一张黑色的天鹅绒上点缀满了数百万计的钻石在上面。??It?looked?like?black?velvet?with?a?million?diamond?on?it.??3?有时候我们会看见星星明亮地划过天际。? ??Sometimes?we?saw?stars?shooting?brightly?across?the?sky.??4?它们是多么地美丽啊!?How?beautiful?they?are?!?5.?我主持了一档电视节目叫做《夜空》。???I?host?a?TV?programme?called?The?Sky?at?Night.? 6.?我很为我的电视节目感到自豪,它持续播放了超过五十年。???I?am?proud?of?my?TV?programme---?It?has?lasted?for?more?than?50?years.??7.?事实上,?你可以把你的爱好变成你的事业。????Actually?you?can?turn?your?hobby?into?your?career?too.