2018年高考英语真题分类汇编专题12：议论文类阅读理解（解析版）

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2018年高考英语真题分类汇编
专题12：议论文类阅读理解
1.（2018 卷Ⅱ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
D
We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What's the problem It's possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. "Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them."
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. "It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband," says Dunn. "But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also."
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. "Small talk is the basis of good manners," he says.
（1）What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph
A. Addiction to smartphones.
B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
C. Absence of communication between strangers.
D. Impatience with slow service.
（2）What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci
A. Showing good manners. B. Relating to other people.
C. Focusing on a topic. D. Making business deals.
（3）What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk
A. It improves family relationships. B. It raises people's confidence.
C. It matters as much as a formal talk. D. It makes people feel good.
（4）What is the best title for the text
A. Conversation Counts. B. Ways of Making Small Talk.
C. Benefits of Small Talk. D. Uncomfortable Silence.
【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）C
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文，主要谈论闲聊带来的好处。
⑴推理判断。通读第一段可知，在电梯里、银行排队时、飞机上，人们都专注于自己的手机，忍受着令人不舒服的沉默。结合下文谈论闲聊的好处，所以本段主要描述陌生人之间缺乏交流的现象。故答案为C。
⑵细节理解。根据关键词“Carducci”可以定位答案在第三段末“Almost every great……with them”，理解句意：几乎每一个伟大的爱情故事和每一宗大生意都开始于闲聊。闲聊成功的关键是学会如何与别人联系，不只是与他们交流。句中的connect with sb与relate to sb同义，都是“与某人联系”的意思，故答案为B。
⑶细节理解。根据题目中的the coffee shop study可知答案在倒数第二段，由The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feeling and better coffee shop experience可知在咖啡馆与服务人员闲聊不仅可以获得更积极的情感，而且还有更好的咖啡店的体验，所以答案为D。
⑷主旨大意。通读全文可知本文在开头描述人们之间没有交流带来的尴尬气氛，然后提出论点“闲聊是带来很大的好处宝贵的社交实践”，然后通过名人的言论和实验证明闲聊会让人感觉更好，而且会创造出伟大的爱情故事甚至大宗的生意，所以本文论述闲聊带来的诸多好处，“它是礼貌的基础”。故答案为C。
【点评】本文属于议论文，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
2.（2018 北京）阅读理解
D
Preparing Cities for Robot Cars
The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way panies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.
While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.
Do we want to copy — or even worsen — the traffic of today with driverless cars Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services.
A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题). But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.
Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.
（1）According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can __________.
A. help deal with transportation-related problems
B. provide better services to customers
C. cause damage to our environment
D. make some people lose jobs
（2）As for driverless cars, what is the author's major concern
A. Safety. B. Side effects. C. Affordability. D. Management.
（3）What does the underlined word ＂fielded＂ in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Employed. B. Replaced. C. Shared. D. Reduced.
（4）What is the author's attitude to the future of self-driving cars
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic.
【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）B
⑶词义猜测。employ使用；replace代替；share分享；reduce减少。本词所在句子的后一句的but说明前后是转折关系，通过理解后一句来倒推前一句的意思。“随着价格的降低，无人驾驶汽车的个人占有率会越来越高。”所以可以推断前一句的意思是“第一批商用的无人驾驶汽车将会首先被叫车服务公司所使用。”所以答案为A。
⑷观点态度。doubtful怀疑的；positive积极的；disapproving不赞成的；sympathetic同情的。文章最后一句话The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it（未来的汽车即将到来，我们得为之做好计划）说明未来无人驾驶汽车是不可阻挡的趋势，所以作者是积极的态度，故答案为B。
【点评】本文属于科技类议论文，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
3.（2018 浙江）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
C
As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line（装配线） on September 27, 1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.
Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.
In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with "a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage." Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.
The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.
The problems of excessive（过度的）energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.
Friedman points out that the green economy（经济）is a chance to keep American strength. "The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century."
（1）Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2
A. To explain Americans' love for travelling by car.
B. To show the influence of cars on American culture.
C. To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.
D. To praise the effectiveness of America's road system.
（2）What has the use of cars in America led to
A. Decline of economy. B. Environmental problems.
C. A shortage of oil supply. D. A farm-based society.
（3）What is Friedman's attitude towards America's future
A. Ambiguous. B. Doubtful. C. Hopeful. D. Tolerant.
【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）C
【解析】【分析】汽车作为美国的文化符号，反映了美国人生活的方方面面。但是汽车也造成了能源的过度消耗、天气变化、污染增长等环境问题。因此，绿色革命，绿色经济是新世纪的趋势。
⑴细节理解。根据题干中的hamburger in paragraph 2可知答案为第二段第二句The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture（汽车形成了美国文化中一些最持久的方面），因此举例是为了说明 汽车对美国文化的影响。故答案为B。
⑵推理判断。题干中lead to暗示的是“导致的问题”，在第四段中的create呼应，作者提到汽车的使用造成了全球生态灾难，第五段提到了能源的过度消耗、气候变化以及人口增长等问题。A经济下降、C石油供应的短缺和D以农业为基础的社会在文章中都没有提到，故答案为B。
⑶推理判断。询问Friedman对美国未来的态度，Ambiguous模棱两可的；Doubtful怀疑的；Hopeful满怀期望的；Tolerant宽容的，根据He fears the worst, but hopes for the best可知“他作最坏的打算，作最好的期望。”故答案为C。
【点评】这是一篇环保类议论文，通过对美国的文化符号——汽车的利弊的陈述，作者表达了对绿色经济、绿色技术、干净的水、空气和健康的食物的渴望。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
4.（2018 浙江）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
B
Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he's an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.
Among the bag makers' arguments: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.
The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.
Environmentalists don't dispute（质疑） these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.
（1）What has Steven Stein been hired to do
A. Help increase grocery sales. B. Recycle the waste material.
C. Stop things falling off trucks. D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.
（2）What does the word "headwinds" in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Bans on plastic bags. B. Effects of city development.
C. Headaches caused by garbage. D. Plastic bags hung in trees.
（3）What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers
A. They are quite expensive. B. Replacing them can be difficult.
C. They are less strong than plastic bags. D. Producing them requires more energy.
（4）What is the best title for the text
A. Plastic, Paper or Neither. B. Industry, Pollution and Environment.
C. Recycle or Throw Away. D. Garbage Collection and Waste Control.
【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）D（4）A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇环保类文章。通过喜欢跟在垃圾车后面的环境科学家Steven Stein引出话题，指出更为有趣的是，他被聘请为被禁止使用的塑料购物袋背后的行业而辩护。塑料袋因为污染环境而遭到禁止，但是纸质购物袋却消耗了大量能源，同样越是用的时间长的袋子消耗的能源越多。
⑴细节理解。题干中的hire可以定位到第二段最后一句plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume可知塑料袋制造商雇请Stein是为了说明他们的产品不是大部分人想象的那样对地球有害。另外根据第一段最后一句one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags可知Stein的工作是为塑料袋背后的行业辩护，故答案为D。
⑵词义猜测。由headwinds前的these可知该词指前文提到内容。所以前一句The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles（塑料袋在加利福尼亚90个城市被禁用），prohibit与ban同义，故答案为A。
⑶细节理解。由题干中的reusable bags可知答案在倒数第二段第二、三句，However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make正是在陈述可重复使用袋子的缺点——它们需要更多的能源来制造。故答案为D。
⑷主旨大意。通读全文，文章在讨论塑料袋到底该不该被禁，纸袋虽然环保但是消耗过多的能源，所以环保主义者希望人们用一样的可重复利用很多年的袋子购物。故答案为A。
【点评】这是一篇议论文。文章通过一位科学家怪异的行为引出话题，然后论述禁塑问题，探讨可重复使用的塑料袋的利弊。答题时注意利用题干中的关键词在文章中定位，认真分析文章内容，答案唾手可得。
5.（2018 江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
C
If you want to disturb the car industry, you'd better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(生态系统）, small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition (NYFC, 美国青年农会）and a family farmer myself. I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry.
For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour—a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn't touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.
The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won't happen without fundamental changes to the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to petition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning one's own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions.
Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenship — the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(多于）farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nation's farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation's food.
There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but farmers can't clumsily put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.
（1）The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce .
A. the progress made in car industry B. a special feature of agriculture
C. a trend of development in agriculture D. the importance of investing in car industry
（2）What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2
A. Loans to small local farmers are necessary.
B. Technology is vital for agricultural development.
C. Competition between small and big farms is fierce.
D. Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones.
（3）What is the difficulty for those new farmers
A. To gain more financial aid. B. To hire good farm managers.
C. To have farms of their own. D. To win old farmers' support.
（4）What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy
A. Seek support beyond NYFC. B. Expand farmland conservation.
C. Become members of NYFC. D. Invest more to improve technology.
【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇关于美国农业发展的议论文。介绍了美国的小农场主所持有的优势，同时也分析了目前美国农业发展所面临的问题， 以及提出的相应的解决办法。
（1）推理判断。文章开头提出与汽车寡头竞争几乎不可能，为了引出下文small farmers can get the best of the major players小农场主可以与大对手竞争，作者这样写是为了让读者理解农业的特点，故答案为B。
（2）推理判断。举例是为了证明某种观点，这是写作的基本首发。所以第二段开头就用了for example，当然是为了证明第一段的观点small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys，即小农场主可以比大农场主领先一步，故答案为D。
（3）细节理解。将题干中的new farmers定位在第三段第二、三句One crucial factor is secure access to petition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning one's own land unattainable for many new farmers. 可知，一个关键性的因素是安全的获取耕地，来自投资者、开发者和已经成规模的大农场主的竞争使得拥有自己的耕地对许多新的农场主来说是可望而不可及的。所以new farmers面临的问题就是耕地问题，故答案为C。
（4）细节理解。将题干中sustainable and fair farm economy定位在最后一段，作者提出了三种解决方案：NYFC提供帮助；敦促国会加强土地保护；消费者与新农民组成同一战线。所以要维持可持续的公平的农业经济，农民还要得到NYFC以外的帮助。故答案为A。
【点评】本文属于议论文，文章较难。阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。
6.（2018 江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
D
Children as young as ten are becoming dependent on social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned.
It found many youngsters(少年）now measure their status by how much public approval they get online, often through "like". Some change their behavior in real life to improve their image on the web.
The report into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Children's Commissioner (专员）Anne Longfield. She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.
Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13.The youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photo-opportunities and then messaging friends—and friends of friends — to demand "likes" for their online posts.
The report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they did not respond to social media posts quickly, and around the clock.
Children aged 8 to 10 were "starting to feel happy" when others liked their posts. However, those in the 10 to 12 age group were "concerned with how many people like their posts", suggesting a "need" for social recognition that gets stronger the older they become.
Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up "worried about their appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms, and increasingly anxious about switching off due to the constant demands of social media.
She said: "Children are using social media with family and friends and to play games when they are in primary school. But what starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school."
As their world expanded, she said, children compared themselves to others online in a way that was "hugely damaging in terms of their self-identity, in terms of their confidence, but also in terms of their ability to develop themselves".
Miss Longfield added: "Then there is this push to connect—if you go offline, will you miss something, will you miss out, will you show that you don't care about those people you are following, all of those come together in a huge way at once."
"For children it is very, very difficult to cope with emotionally." The Children's Commissioner for England's study—life in Likes—found that children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for play.
However, the research—involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12—suggested that as they headed toward their teens, they became increasingly anxious online.
By the time they started secondary school—at age 11—children were already far more aware of their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensure their posts were popular, the report found.
However, they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes, or the sense of incompetence they might feel if they compared themselves to celebrities(名人）or more brilliant friends online. The report said they also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of the day—especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.
The Children's Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more to prepare children for the emotional minefield(雷区）they faced online. And she said social media companies must also "take more responsibility". They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.
Javed Khan, of children's charity Bamardo's, said: "It's vital that new compulsory age-appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.
"It's also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using."
（1）Why did some secondary school students feel too much pressure
A. They were not provided with adequate equipment.
B. They were not well prepared for emotional risks.
C. They were required to give quick responses.
D. They were prevented from using mobile phones.
（2）Some social app companies were to blame because .
A. they didn't adequately check their users' registration
B. they organized photo trips to attract more youngsters
C. they encouraged youngsters to post more photos
D. they didn't stop youngsters from staying up late
（3）Children's comparing themselves to others online may lead to .
A. less friendliness to each other B. lower self-identity and confidence
C. an increase in online cheating D. a stronger desire to stay online
（4）According to Life in Likes, as children grew, they became more anxious to .
A. circulate their posts quickly B. know the qualities of their posts
C. use mobile phones for play D. get more public approval
（5）What should parents do to solve the problem
A. Communicate more with secondary schools.
B. Urge media companies to create safer apps.
C. Keep track of children's use of social media.
D. Forbid their children from visiting the web.
（6）What does the passage mainly talk about
A. The influence of social media on children.
B. The importance of social media to children.
C. The problem in building a healthy relationship.
D. The measure to reduce risks from social media.
【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）B（4）D（5）C（6）A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文，介绍了社交媒体与青少年面临的压力之间的关系：青少年对社交媒体的依赖是为了获得自我价值。
（1）细节理解。根据题干中的secondary school students、 pressure定位到第二段social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks, 可知，学生感受到巨大压力是因为媒体将他们暴露在情感危机中，一些孩子不具备处理这种网上面临的巨大情感压力的能力，故答案为B。
（2）推理判断。将题干中的Some social app companies定位到第三段Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13，可知，一些社交软件公司在孩子们当中很受欢迎，即使他们应该要求用户年龄至少13岁，所以可以推断社交媒体对用户年龄没有监管到位i，故答案为A。
（3）细节理解。根据第八段hugely damaging in terms of their self-identity, in terms of their confidence, but also in terms of their ability to develop themselves可以看出，孩子们在在网上的攀比会影响他们的自我认同、自信和发展自我的能力，故答案为B。
（4）推理判断。将题干中的Life in Likes和anxious定位到第10段和11段，children were already far more aware of their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensure their posts were popular可知孩子们担心自己的帖子不够受欢迎，故答案为D。
（5）推理判断。将题干中的parents定位到倒数三段，但是此处未提及父母要做什么，实际答案在最后一段提到：It's also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using对于父母，知道孩子在用什么app非常重要，即选项C：追踪孩子们使用的社交媒体。故答案为C。
（6）主旨大意。根据标题：小到10岁的孩子们都在越来越依赖社交媒体以实现自我价值，以及全文都在讲社交媒体对孩子们的各种影响，所以答案为A。
【点评】本文篇幅较长，题目较多，对词汇量和读速都是一个考验。阅读时确定文章中心很重要，学会找到题干中的关键词在文章中定位很重要，然后认真分析关键内容，以更快的确定答案。
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