主谓一致----语法解析及练习

辅导学案——主谓一致
表示时间、重量、数目、价格、长度、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。
e.g Fifty kilometers ______ a long way.
2. 动词不定式、动名词、从句或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g To see ____ to believe. 眼见为实。 Reading ___ learning. 读书就是学习。
Whether we will go or not _____ on the weather. 我们去还是不去要看天气情况而定。
代词 something, anything, nothing, everyone, anybody, nobody, each, neither, either, little, much, one 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g Neither of them ______ an American. 他们俩都不是美国人。
We each ______ a Chinese book, but each of us _____to buy an English book.
我们都有一本汉语书，但我们每个人还要买一本英语书。
4．集体名词：people （人、人民）police（警察）family（家人）class（同学）等词作主语 时，谓语动词用复数形式。people （民族）police（警察局）family（家庭）class（班级）等词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。　　
trousers, shorts, clothes, glasses （眼镜） chopsticks等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g My trousers_____ blue.
但是当这些词前有a pair of 短语时，谓语动词则要用单数形式。
6. 由 cup, bottle, pair, piece 等计量单位的名词修饰的名词充当主语时，谓语动词的形式与cup, bottle, pair, piece 等词的形式保持一致。
e.g The pair of glasses _____ mine. Two pairs of glasses _____ his.
There ____ ten pieces of news.
7. 有一些 以“S”结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语动词通常用单数形式， 如news, maths, physics, politics（政治）等。
8. 由 “ a lot of / lots of / plenty of + 名词”或“分数(百分数)+of +名词”做主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要根据名词的单复数形式而定。
e.g A lot of people _____ (have) been to London.
Three fifths of the water _____ (be) dirty.
Seven eighths of the work ________ （have ） been done by us .
Seven eighths of the apples _______ （be） bad .
9. " a number of + 复数名词" 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
许多/ 大量的……
" the number of + 复数名词" 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
……的总数/ 数量
10. 有些形容词前面加上定冠词the， 如the poor, the rich, the young, the old等来表示一类人时，主语为复数意义，谓语动词用复数。the + 姓氏的复数表“某某一家人”做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
11. 由and或both……and连接的并列成分做主语时，谓语动词用复数。但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。
The writer and the teacher ______ coming. The writer and teacher _____ coming.
either… or …, neither… nor …, not only… but also …, there be 句型等的谓语动词在数上的形式和最接近的主语一致。（就近原则）
当这种形式：A as well as B… ， A but B…, A with B… ， A together with B…,
A except B …, A besides B …, 作主语时，谓语动词与A保持一致。
e.g Mr Hu together with his friends _____(go) shopping every day.
配套练习：
单项选择
1．Each of the students______ a dictionary. A. have B. is C. are D. has
2．How time flies! Ten years ________ passed. A. have B. has C. is D. are
3．Not only his parents but also his brother ______to the Summer Palace. They haven’t been back.
A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone
4．Look! There _______ playing with the tourists on Dahe Square.
A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deersC. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers
5．The Smiths ______ sending e-mails _______ letters. because it is faster.
　 A .prefer, to writing B .prefer，to write C .prefers，to writing D. prefers，to write
6．Everyone except Bill and Jim ______there when the meeting began.
A. was B. is C. are D. were
7．Either Jane or Steven _____ watching TV now. 　A.were B.is C.are D. was
改错：
　　1. Both paper and ink is used up.
　　2. Eating too much are bad for your health.
　　3. This pair of shoes are my brother‘s.
　　4. Each of the boys have a dictionary.
　　5 Every one of the students in Class Two have two books .
　　6. I think maths are very difficult to learn.
　　7. A large number of students has gone to work in Xingjian.
　　8. The mother with two children often go to the town.
用所给动词的适当形式填空
　　9. _____ (be) everything OK?
　　10. Nobody _______ (know) the answer to the question.
　　11. Ten divided by two _______ (be) five.
　　12. Most of the drinking water ______ (be) from the Black River.
　　13. Not only she but also I _______ (do) morning exercises every day.
　　14. Either you or she _____ (have) made a wrong decision.
　　15. The family _____(be) spending the weekend together.
　　16. Bread with butter ______ (be) her daily breakfast.
　　17. The police _____ (be) trying to catch the thief.
　　18. The number of people invited _____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different
单项选择 1－7 DBDAAAB
改错 1.is改为 are 2.are改为 is 3.are改为 is 4.have改为 has
　　5. have 改为 has 6.are改为 is 7.has 改为have 8.go 改为goes
用所给的词的适当形式填空
9. Is 10.knows 11.is 12.is 13.do 14.has 15.are 16.is 17.are 18.was; were