Module1 People and places Unit 1 People around us 语法学案+语法练习+单元测试（无答案）

7B Unit1 People around us
Grammar：冠词
一、冠词
定义：冠词是虚词，放在名词前，用来说明名词的含义。冠词不能单独成为句子，只能作为名词修饰的一部分。冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词和零冠词。
（一）不定冠词（a/ an）
1.定义：表示“一”的意义，用在单数可数名词前，但不强调数目的观念。一般情况下a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元音音素开头的字母前。特例：
a：a useful book, a European country, a one-month holiday，a university
an: an honest boy, an hour, an ugly girl, an eight/ eleven-year-old boy, an 8/11-year-old boy
2.用法：
1
指一类人或事，相当于a kind of
A plane is a machine that can fly.
2
第一次提及某人某物，非特指
A boy is waiting for you.
3
表示“每一”相当于every，one
We study eight hours a day.
4
表示“相同”相当于the same
We are nearly of an age.
5
用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事
A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out
That boy is rather a Lei Feng.
6
用于固定词组中
A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time
7
用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后
This room is rather a big one.
8
用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后
She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.
（二）定冠词（the）
1、定义：表示特指的人或事物，可与单数或复数可数名词或不可数名词连用。
2、用法：
1
用于世上独一无二的事物名词前
the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean
2
表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事
Would you mind opening the door?
3
用于乐器前面
play the violin, play the guitar
4
表示“一家人”或“夫妇”
the Greens, the Wangs
5
用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前
He is the taller of the two children.
6
上文提到的事物，再次提到
I have a pen,the pen is very beautiful.
7
用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前
He patted me on the shoulder. in the eas
8
用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前
the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French
定冠词的用法：特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，叙述最高级；
某些专有名，习语和乐器。
零冠词（/）.
1
专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前
Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air
2
名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制
I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?
3
球类，棋类名词前
He likes playing football/chess.
4
与by连用表示交通工具的名词前
by train, by air, by land
5
日期、月份、节日、学科、语言等名词前
10 September is Teachers’ Day.
Uncle Tom will visit us in May.
My favourite subject at school is Physics.
Can you speak English?
6
一日三餐前
have dinner/breakfast/lunch/supper
(但中间有形容词修饰时，则用不定冠词，如have a quick breakfast)
7
习惯用语和固定短语中
go to school/primary school/ secondary school/ university/ work/ hospital/ church/ bed上学、上小学、上中学、上大学、上班、去医院（看病）、去教堂（做礼拜）、上床睡觉
at school/ work/ church/ home在学校、在上班、在教堂、在家
in hospital/bed 住院、卧床；睡觉
at dawn/noon/night/midnight 在黎明、中午、晚上、半夜
课堂达标检测:
语法专项训练-冠词（基础练习）
一、在有必要的地方填a/?an?或the,?不需要的地方划“/”.?
1.?Yesterday?I?borrowed?____________?story?book?and?____________?magazine.?
____________?story?book?is?in?my?bag?but?I?can’t?find?___________?magazine.?
2.?My?cousin?lives?in?_____________?old?house?in?___________?small?village.?There?is?
_________?beautiful?garden?behind?___________?house.?I?would?like?to?have?__________?garden?like?that.?
?–?Where?did?you?have?___________?lunch??–?We?went?to?__________?restaurant.?
4.?He?began?to?learn?playing?__________?piano?at?the?age?of?five.?
5.?Playing?___________?basketball?is?one?of?____________?his?favourite?sports.
?6.?I?lay?down?on?__________?ground?and?looked?up?at?___________?sky.
二．单项选择
He usually goes out for walk in evening.
A a, the B a, / C the, / D /, /
China is old country with long history.
A the, a B a, an C an, a D an, the
3. We waited for Tom for hour and half.
A an, a B a, an C a, / D / , a
Mary is Englishwoman. She was university student.
There’s always Animal in her house.
A an, a, an B a, an, the C an, /, an D the,/,/
5. Browns are very friendly. They usually have a party on Saturday evening.
A The , / B / , / C The, a D / , a
Tom is American. He comes from United States.
A an, the B a, the C /, the D /,/
7. Little Tom is ordinary-looking boy. His mother often takes his by hand.
A an. the B an. / C a, / D /, a
8. His father is old doctor. He often tells him not to smoke in public.
A a, / B an, / C an, the D /, the
9. People’s Republic of China was founded on October1, 1949.
A The,/,/ B /, the, the C The, the, / D /, /, /
10. Miss White is unknown writer. She always has empty bag with her.
A an, an B a, a C a, an D /, a
单元综合检测
短语翻译?
嘲笑? 2.也
?3.照顾? 4.讲笑话?
对某人要求严格 ?6.放弃
?7.上班? 8.夜以继日?
充满? 10.擅长
戴眼镜的高个子女孩 14.对某人有耐心??????
15.忘记去做某事?????????????????? 16.忘记做过某事???????????
17.?照顾? 18.?保持朋友????????????
?19.?鼓励某人做某事? 20.花时间做某事
二．根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词?
1.?Tom?is?a?s__________?boy.?He?can?make?paper?planes.?
2.?My?parents?live?in?America.?I?m__________?them?very?much.?
3.?My?good?friend?Lucy?always?gave?me?much?s_________?when?I?did?something?difficult.?
4.?I?hope?Mary?and?I?_________?(仍然是)?friends.
?5.?Don’t?worry.?Be?p_________,?please.?
?Bill?can?work?out?the?difficult?problem?and?he?is?c_________.?
7.?Mr?Smith?is_________(?严格的)?with?his?students.?
8.?My?English?teacher?often_________(鼓励)?me?to?speak?English?in?class.??
三?适当形式填空?
1.?Tom?is?popular?and?_________(?success).?
2.?Mary?likes?to?tell_________(?joke).?All?of?like?her.?
3.?How?many_________(member?)?are?there?in?your?group???
4.?Can?you?tell?me?the?main?idea?of?the?third________(?paragraph)???
5.Danny?is?a?________(care)?driver?and?always?drive________(care).?
6.?It’ll?be?my?turn.?There?are?only?a?few?________(?patient)?in?front?of?me.?
7.?Jenny?works?hard,?she?is?a?________(hard?work)girl.?
8.?The?fans?shouted________（cheerful)?when?they?saw?their?favourite?singer.?
9.?Tom?says?that?he?will?________(probable)?be?a?fireman?when?he?grows?up.
?10.?He?is?________in?English?because?it?is?very________(interest?).????
四．单选?
1.?What?does?your?grandmother?look?like??----she?is?a?tall?woman________glasses.??
? A.?of?????B.?in?????C.?with?????D?at?
?I?can?play?the?guitar, and I?sing________.????
A.?also????B.?too?????C.?as?well??????D.?so?
3.?Work?hard________you?will?be?successful?in?your?life?one?day
A.?and?????B.?but?????C.?or?????D.?strict?
?Mr?White?is?always________?in?our?studies.?We?are?all?afraid?of?him.???
A.?patient????B.?cheerful????C.?smart?????D?.strict?
?Our?teacher?usually?makes?us________?a?lot?of?homework?every?day.??
? A.?to?do?????B?.doing?????C.?does???????D.?do?
?Although?Tom?does?things?very?slowly,?we?shouldn’t?________him.?
?? A.?be?full?of???B.?make?fun?of?????C.?be?good?at???????D?.take?care?of?
7.?To?be?healthy,?you?must?give?up________.?
?? A.?smokes??????B.?smoking??????C.?smoke?????D.?to?smoke?
8.?Who?encourage?you________?the?unusual?trip???
? ??A.?trying????B.?tries?????C .?to?try???????D.?to?smoke?
________time?to?read?your?books?before?you?begin?to?do?your?homework.??
? A?.Get?????B.?Carry??????C.?Bring????D.?Take??
?Be?careful.?Let’s________about?those?worries.???
A.?leave????B.?forget????C.?have?????D.?write
?11.?I?hope?you________?to?me?very?soon.??
???A.?writing?????B?.to?write??????C.?wrote??????D.?will?write?
12.?Baby?dogs?and?cats?need?a?lot?of________.?
???A.?miss??????B.?play?????C?.care???????D.?support?
13.April?Fool’s?Day?is?the?time?for?us________?others.?
???A?.to?make?friends?with????B.to?make?fun?of??????C.?to?tell?jokes?to?????D?.to?celebrate?
?Lucy,?why?not?________?a?special?party?for?your?mom???????
? A.?have???? B.?has??????C.?to?have???????D.?having?
15.?Eddie:?________??
???Peter?:??He?is?patient?and?helpful.?
??A.?What?is?Tony?like??????????B?.?Why?does?Tony?like???
??C.?Who?do?you?like?????????????D?.?What?do?you?like?about?Danny???
五．完形填空
Late?in?the?afternoon,?the?boys?put?up?their?tent?in?the?middle?of?a?field.?As?soon?as?they?finished?this,
?they?_1_?a?meal?over?an?open?fire.?They?were?all?_2_?and?the?food?smelled?good.?After?a?wonderful?meal,
?they?_3_?stories?and?sang?songs?by?the?campfire.?But?some?time?later?_4_?began?to?rain.?The?boys?felt?tired?so?they?put?out?the?fire?and?crept?into?their?tent.?Their?sleeping?_5_?were?warm?and?comfortable,?so?they?all?
slept?soundly.?In?the?middle?of?the?_6_?,?two?boys?woke?up?and?began?_7_?.?The?tent?was?full?of?water!?They?all?jumped?_8_?their?sleeping?bags?and?_9_?outside.?It?was?raining?heavily?and?they?found?that?a?stream?was?running?in?the?field.?The?stream?went?its?way?_10_?the?field?and?then?flowed?right?their?tent!?
?A.?cooked???? B.?had?? ? C.?burned???? D.?heated?
?A.?happy???? B.?sad?? ?? C.?hungry???? D.?tired
3.?A.?told? B.?said?? C.?talked???? D.?spoke?
4.?A.?weather??? B.?the?sky??? C.?rains????? D.?It
?5.?A.?beds???? B.?bags?? C.?places? D.?Rooms
?6.?A.?day? B.?mid-night??? C.?evening???? D.?night?
?A.?crying???? B.?shouting??? C.?laughing???? D.?running?
?A.?out?of???? B.?out?from??? C.?into????? D.?inside?
?A.?saw? B.?came?? C.?went????? D.?hurried?
10.?A.?pass??? B.?through?? C.?across? D.?cross
六．阅读理解
(A)
You?were?there,?walking?in?the?street?near?the?station?of?Pittsburgh,?when?the?SUV?hit?mydad’s?bike.
You?had?the?courage?to?take?his?phone?and?call?an?ambulance?(救护车),?getting?immediate?help.?My?dad?lost?his?leg,?but?hs?is?up?and?about?now.?It?could?have?been?much?worse.?I?know?that?he?wants?to?thank?you,?and?so?do?I?!?
My?dad?doesn’t?remember?your?face,?but?he?knows?what?you?did.?I?can?never?explain?how?important?
your call?for?help?was.?Soon?my?dad?will?be?getting?an?artificial?leg?(假肢).?Every?day?he?wakes?up?knowing?life?will?never?be?the?same,?but?you?need?to?look?at?the?bright?side.?He?does?still?have?his?life.?He?does?still?have?his?family,?and?his?health.?
Two?weeks?before?the?accident,?my?baby?sister?was?born.?When?he?held?her,?I?could?see?a?special?look?
in?his?eyes.?At?that?moment,?I?knew?he?loved?his?family,?and?his?life.?
I?have?to?tell?you:?you?are?my?hero.??
?The?accident?happened?______________.?
A.?in?the?street???? B.?at?a?station? C.?in?Pittsburgh? D.?near?a?hospital?
?The?stranger?helped?me?the?writer’s?father?by?_________.?
A.?helping?him?to?stand?up??? B.?stopping?the?SUV
? C.?calling?the?writer’s?family? D.?calling?the?hospital?for?help?
?After?the?accident,?_____________.
? A.?the?driver?of?the?SUV?died? B.?the?police?caught?the?driver?of?the?SUV
C.?the?writer’s?father?lost?his?leg? D.?the?writer’s?bay?sister?was?born?
?What?does?the?underlined?phrase?“up?and?about?”?in?paragraph?1?mean??
A.?下床活动???? B.??来来回回? C.?忙碌?? D.?康复?
?What’s?the?best?title?for?this?passage??
A.?A?car?Accident?? B.?A?Stranger?Saved?My?Dad?
C.?A?Stranger?and?My?Dad? ?D.?A?Clever?Hero
(B)
I?received?a?letter?from?my?old?school.?It?tells?me?that?my?former?headmaster,?Mr?Stuart?Page,?will?retire?next?week.?Pupils?of?the?school,?old?and?new,?will?send?him?a?present?to?say?good-bye.? We?will?prepare?a
?large?album.?All?those?who?join?in?sending?the?gift?will?sign?their?names?in?it.?We?will?send?it?to?the?
headmaster’s?home.?We?shall?all?remember?Mr?Page?for?his?patience?and?understanding?and?for?the?kindly
?encouragement?he?gaves?us?when?we?were?at?school.?A?great?many?former?pupils?will?take?part?in?a?
farewell?dinner?party?in?his?honour?next?Thursday.?It?is?the?day?before?his?retirement.?Mr?Pare?will?have?
been?teaching?for?a?total?of?forty?years.?After?he?has?retired,?he?will?begin?to?do?gardening.?For?him,?this?will?be?a?completely?new?hobby.?But?it?does?not?matter,?for?as?he?has?often?said,?one?is?never?too?old?to?learn.??
?The?pupils?will?send?the?headmaster?____________.?
A.?an?expensive?present? B.?a?gardening?book?
C.?a?large?album?with?their?names? D.?a?farewell?dinner?party?
?The?headmaster?will?retire?___________.?
A.?on?Thursday? B.?Next?Friday??
C.?Next?Thursday????? D.?On?Wednesday?
?What?does?the?writer?think?of?the?headmaster??
A.?patient?? B.?old? ?C.?careful ?D.?outgoing?
4.?The?headmaster?___________.?
A.?believe?that?it’s?too?late?to?begin?to?learn?gardening?
B.?thinks?that?only?young?people?can?learn?gardening?
C.?doesn’t?want?to?start?gardening?
D.?doesn’t?believe?it’s?too?late?to?learn?gardening?
?The?writer?wrote?this?passage?to?tell?us?____________.?
A.?about?his?former?headmaster’s?gardening?
B.?about?their?party?and?present?for?the?headmaster?
C.?one?is?never?too?old?to?learn?
D.?pupils?of?the?school,?old?and?new,?love?the?headmaster?