六年级下册英语课件-自然拼读法
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课件86张PPT。自然拼读法自然拼读法总结 一、什么是自然拼读法？ 英语是拼音文字,所有的词汇都是由26个字母拼出来的,而在成千上万的不同拼法中,基本发音因素却只有48个,这说明26个字母与基本音素间有着一定的关联.人们于是总结出了很多发音规律,这些规律对于绝大多数英语词汇都是适用的,这就是自然拼音法. 实际上，英语自然拼读法是以英语为母语国家的孩子阅读时普遍使用的一种学习方法。英语自然拼读法通过直接学习26个字母及字母组合在单词中的发音规则，建立字母及字母组合与发音的感知，从而达到“看字读音，听音辨字”的神奇学习效果。 二、如何使用自然拼读法？ 使用最佳时机：学生学会48个音标之后，对每个音标能准确发音。然后可以结合单词利用自然拼读法掌握发音规律，这样可以帮助学生快速、准确背诵单词，起到事半功倍效果。 自然拼读法发音规律： 英文的26个字母,分为元音字母和辅音字母,其中元音字母只有5个,即a,e,i,o,u,其余字母均为辅音字母. 辅音字母的发音规律： 对于大多数辅音来说,它们的发音是一对一的,有少数几个辅音字母,每个字母有两个或以上的发音. 字母与发音一一对应的辅音（共17个）: b?--?ball d?--?dog f?--?fish h?--?hat j?--?jump k?--?kite l?--?leg m?--?man n?--?not p?--?pen q?–?quick r?--?run s?--?sun t?--?ten v?--?vest w?--?water z?--?zoo （注意q与u总是连在一起的） 有多个发音的辅音字母:（列表） 字母?发音?例词 c?字母 c后面接a,o,u的时候,c的发音与字母k发音相同,叫做:hard?c?sound” :cat,?cap,?call,?coat,?cup 当字母c后面接e,i,或y的时候,通常c的发音与字母s发音相同,叫做“soft?c?sound”? city,?ice,?rice,?face,?cell,?cent,?voice,?pencil,?juice 有时在e或i前面,c会发/sh/音?ocean,?racial,?social g?字母g后面接a,o,u的时候,所发的音叫做“hard?g?sound”?girl,?gas,?get,?give,?go 当字母g后面接e,i,或y的时候,有时g的发音与字母j的发音相同,叫做“软g音”?age,?change,?ginger,?Egypt,?gentle,?giraffe,?badge 特例:forget,?give,?girl中的g发hard?sound
x?x在单词中间或结尾时发/ks/音?box,?next,?mix,?six,?fox x在单词中间时有时发/ks/音?exit,?exam,?exact x在单词起始位置时发/z/音?xylophone,?xerox y?y在单词起始位置时发音为辅音?yes,?you,?yard,?year,?yell y在单词或音节中间或结尾时被当做元音字母 y在结尾,单词只有一个音节时y发长 音,my,?cry,?fly,?sky y在结尾,单词有两个或以上音节时y发长/e/音 y在单词或音节中间时,发短/i/音 辅音字母组合 字母组合的发音很简单,就是把每个辅音字母的发音连在一起就可以了.之所以要把它们单独列出来,一个重要的原因就是,每个辅音字母组合是作为一个整体来看待的,在划分音节的时候是不能把这些辅音字母组合分开的.音节的划分对于一个单词的读音至关重要,我们所学的自然拼音法发音规律,其实都是针对单个音节的,对于多音节的单词来说,要先把单词划分为一个一个的音节,然后再对每个音节应用自然拼音法发音规律.在学生学习音节划分之前，只需要熟记这些字母组合,以备后用. 字母组合?例词 带有l的字母组合 bl?black,?blame,?bless,?blue,?blast cl?--clock,?class,?clap,?clue,?close fl?--flag,?fly,?flat,?flash,?flower gl?--glass,?glad,?glide,?glue,?globe pl?--plate,?plane,?place,?plus,?plan sl?--sled,?sleep,?slow,?slide,?slim 带有r的字母组合 br?--bridge,?break,?brave,?brown,?bread cr?--crab,?crack,?crop,?crown,?creek dr?--dress,?drag,?drink,?drive,?drop fr?--frog,?fresh,?free,?from,?front gr?--grape,?grade,?grass,?grin,?grunt pr?--press,?pride,?price,?print,?proof tr?--truck,?track,?true,?train,?tree 带有s的字母组合 sc?--scale,?scar,?score,?scare,?scuff sk?--skate,?skip,?skill,?skull,?skin sm?--smoke,?smile,?smog,?smell,?smear sn?--snake,?snap,?snore,?snow,?snug sp?--spoon,?spin,?spot,?spell,?sport st?--stop,?stack,?stay,?step,?still sw?--swim,?swell,?swing,?sweet,?swift tw?--twig,?tweet,?twist,?twin,?twine 不发音的辅音字母（Silent?Consonants） 在有些辅音字母组合中,其中一个字母是不发音的,该组合所发的音与发音的那个辅音字母所发音相同.下面列出了这些组合: 字母组合?不发音字母?例词 gh?h?ghost,? gn?g??sign kn?k?knife,?knit,?know,?knock,?knee mb?b?comb,?lamb,?thumb,?dumb,?climb pn?p?pneumonia ps?p?psalm,?psychic,?psychology rh?h?rhinoceros,?rhyme,?rhythm sc?c?scissors,??scene,?scenery,? wr?w?wrong,?wrist,?wrap gh?gh?light,?high,?eight,??night 2. 元音字母发音规律 常说的元音字母有五个:a,e,i,o,u,另外y在一个单词的中间或结尾时也被当做元音字母。 *每个单词里都包含有至少一个元音。 *每个单词的每个音节里都包含有至少一个元音。 *元音是单词的“最强音”。 *元音所发的音取决于该元音在单词中的位置或它是如何与其它元音组合的。 一般来说,除了以下几种情况外,元音都发短音: 1.?该元音是元音字母组合的一部分 2.?该元音后面有字母r 3.?该元音在一个单词或重读音节的结尾 4.?单词以字母e结尾 5.?该元音是元音规则的特例 元音字母自然拼读法基本规则: l?五个元音字母(a,?e,?i,?o,?u),?每个发两种音：长音（其字母音）和短音（?y不在单词开头时，一般被看做元音） 2.??单元音单词拼读?： 如果一个英语单词或音节里只有一个元音,?且元音不在末尾，这个元音一般发短音。如： Sam,?cat,?mat,?等等． 3.?双元音单词拼读(Two?Vowel?Words):一个单词或音节里有两个元音时，一般来说，前边一个元音发长音（其字母音）， 后边一个元音不发音。如： make,?mail,?may,?hay,?say,?see,?sea,?meet,?meat,?key,?five,?nine,?tie,?road,?coat,?toe,?cute等等。 ?特殊读法(1)–?带元音的特殊读法 igh,?ing,?ind,?ild,?ar,?or,?oi,?oy,?alt,?alk,?ost,?old,?er,?ir,?ur,?ew,?sion,?tion,?eigh,?all,?ow,?ow,?ou,?ay,?ous,?ed,?ed?(t),?ed?(d),?aw,?au,?oo以上字母组合作为整体音节发音。需记住它们所发的音。 如何在课堂上操作自然拼读法？ Phonics 与音标教学相结合，构建学生词汇能力。? 在我们日常的词汇教学中，音标是必不可少的教学内容。。但是，在音标学习的过程中，也出现过以下问题：规则较多，不利于记忆，难于激发学习兴趣；过于注重音标拼读，忽视了单词的拼写与记忆；遇到生词，无法正确发音，要借助字典……这些问题同时也在阻碍着学生培养英语词汇能力。为了解决这些问题，我们有必要将Phonics和音标教学相结合。 在音标教学时，结合Phonics，利用其字母与字母音的对应关系，激发学生学习英语的兴趣。以Phonics简单易学的拼读规律帮助学生学习复杂多变的音标规则。加之琅琅上口的chant强化了字母与字母音的音标，使学生乐于主动进入英语语音的世界。 ? 以下内容是结合六年级教材总结的自然拼读法。 教师以此为根据，研究一下发音规律，应用到课堂教学中（在进行小初衔接复习单词时可以使用），帮助学生掌握背诵单词的好方法。 Short Vowel Aa 1. Chant /?/,/?/ angry, /?/,/?/ happy, /?/,/?/ An Italian travels Alaska by taxi. 2. Words with letter A pronouncing /?/ in every unit of Book 6: Italian, taxi, traffic, Alaska, factory, shall, ant, Canberra, jasmine, travel, businessman, angry, sad, bad, happy, pal (红色部分是PEP六年级（上、下）单词表里包含的单词) 3. Phonics a-n—an an-t—ant m-an—man C-an-be-rra—Canberra **Chant: The businessman in Canberra has an ant. a-d—ad s-ad—sad b-ad—bad p-ad—pad **Chant: My pad is bad, my pal is sad. a-m—am j-am—jam h-am—ham **Chant: There is a traffic jam in the factory. 4. Exercise I. Write letter a and read the words. Al____ska It________lian tr____ffic j____smine sh____ll m____d f____t c____t II. Listen and circle the words you hear. bed/bad sad/sit shell/shall businessman/ postman fit/fat happy/hurry Jim/jam him/ham did/dad guess/gas III. Flash Cards ? 注意： grass fast ask half 这几个出现在教材中的单词，字母a 的发音， British English 为/a:/ ; 而American English 为 /?/ ? E e 1. Chant /e/,/e/elephant; /e/,/e/ left; /e/,/e/ lesson /e/,/e/ ten little hens get seven pens. 2. Words with letter E pronouncing /e/ in every unit of Book 6: left, restaurant, get, tell, well, lesson, helmet, ten, attention, sled, ferry, together, pen, secretary, everyone, festival 3. Phonics e-n---en h-en---hen t-en---ten p-en---pen e-ll/e-l---ell/el b-ell---bell w-ell---well t-ell---tell f-ell---fell h-el-met---helmet **Chant: Tell Bill the bell is in the well. e-d---ed r-ed---red b-ed---bed s-l-ed---sled **Chant: Everyone pays attentions to the sled not a bed. 4. Exercise I. Write letter e, and read the words. f____ll f____rry h____lmet w____nt b____tter f____lt II. Listen and circle the words you hear. hide/bed ride/red will/well bill/bell tin/ten tan/ten lift/left got/get lesson/listen slide/sled furry/ferry III. Flash Cards I i 1. Chant /i/, /i/, Italian /i/, /i/, taxi /i/, /i/, Munich /i/, /i/, Six Italians take a taxi to Munich. 2. Words with letter I pronouncing /i/ in every unit of Book 6: office, officer, cinema, hospital, crossing, hiking, evening, amazing, interesting, taxi, Italian, traffic, Munich, dictionary, festival, fisherman, scientist, if, ill, sit, visit, ship, trip, film, university, quickly, comic 3. Phonics i-t—it s-it--- sit v-i-s-it---visit h-it---hit i-f—if i-ll/i-l—ill/il b-ill---bill h-ill----hill f-il-m---film **Chant: The officer is ill, he can’t see a comic film. i-n—in w-in---win p-in---pin **Chant: If you visit, don’t sit, it’s interesting. Take your trip by ship. i-ng—ing k-ing---king s-ing---sing **Chant: King, king, king, Sing, sing, sing. In the evening don’t hiking at the crossing. It’s too amazing. 4. Exercise I. Write letter i and read the words p___ck f___sh d___sh k___ck p___nk s___nk r___ng II. Listen and Circle the word you hear. rang/ring him/hen dad/did pank/pink bank/bink sick/sack III. Flash Cards Oo 1. Chant /?/,/?/ follow /?/,/?/ tomorrow /?/,/?/ The doctor is in the hospital. 2. Words with letter O pronouncing /?/ in every unit of Book 6: hospital, crossing, follow, tomorrow, stop, Scotland, comic, hobby, doctor, wrong 3. Phonics o-t—ot h-ot---hot p-ot—pot o-p—op t-op—top s-t-op—stop o-ng—ong wr-ong—wrong **Chant: Stopping at the crossing is wrong. h-o—ho ho-bby—hobby c-o—co co-mic—comic **Chant: Comic, comic, do you have it? Truly have I, it’s my hobby.4. Exercise I. Write letter o and read the words. Sc____tland f____llow h____p b____x t____p p____rridge II. Listen and circle the words you hear. heat/hot hat/hot hop/hip top/tip pat/pot lot/lit fox/ fax III. Flash cards Uu 1. Chant /?/, /?/ must /?/, /?/ puzzle /?/, /?/ Study in a club by bus 2. Words with letter U pronouncing /?/ in every unit of Book 6: bus, must, study, puzzle, club, stuck, mud 3. Phonics u-n—un s-un—sun r-un—run **Chant: I run in the sun. u-ck—uck m-uck—muck st—uck—stuck u-d—ud m-ud—mud **Chant: He is stuck in the mud. 4. Exercise I. Write letter u and read the words. b____g n____t h____g c____t s____ck II. Listen and circle the words you hear. mud/mad stick/stuck ran/run big/bug cut/cute cat/cut III. Flash Card Vowel Paris ar 1. Chant /a:/, /a:/ card /a:/, /a:/ bar /a:/, /a:/ The bar is too far, go there by car. 2. Words with vowel pair ar pronouncing /a:/ in every unit of Book 6: far, card, postcard, market, supermarket (3. Phonics ar-k---ark b-ark m-ark—mark m-ar-ket—market **Chant: It’s too dark, I can’t find Mark. Mark is in the market, not in the park. 4. Exercise I. Write vowel pair ar and read the words. p____k y____d h____d f____m M____ch sh____k b____n II. Listen and circle the words you hear. bat/bark dad/dark fat/farm man/mark fan/farm mat/market III. Flash Card ? er 1. Chant /?/,/?/ worker /?/,/?/ reporter /?/,/?/ Officers are working together. 2. Words with the vowel pair er pronouncing /?/ in every unit of Book 6: worker reporter officer together 3. Phonics p-ai-nt-er—painter m-o-th-er f-a-th-er **Chant: I love my mother, I love my father. We all love each other. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair er and read the words. teach____ driv____ wint____ bigg____ riv____ farm____ bak____ pap____ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. worker/work bake/baker smoke/smoker writer/write people/paper III. Flash Card ? ir 1. Chant Brown bear, brown bear, do you see a fir? Yes, sir! Yes, sir! Not far away from here. 2. Words with vowel pair ir pronouncing /?:/ in every unit of Book 6: sir 3. Phonics ir-t—irt sh-irt---shirt sk-irt—skirt ir-l—irl tw-irl—twirl **Chant: The girl in a shirt likes to twirl her skirt. 4. Exercise I. Write vowel pair ir and read the words. b____d f____ s____ sh____t sk____t II. Listen and circle the words you hear. far/fir shark/shirt dark/dirt scar/skirt III. Flash Card or 1. Chant ?/?:/, /?:/ more /?:/, /?:/ store /?:/, /?:/ Do you want to know more? Come to a bookstore. 2. Words with the vowel pair or pronouncing?/?:/in every unit of Book 6: bookstore more (3. Phonics or-k—ork f-ork---fork p-ork—pork **Chant: Use a fork to eat pork! or-m—orm st-orm—storm f-orm---form **Chant: Far away to the north, there was a big storm. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair or and read the words. l____d sw____d h____n b____n st____m f____m n____th f____k mo____ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. park/pork car/corn large/lord barn/born harm/horn III. Flash Card ur 1. Chant /?:/, / ?:/ burn / ?:/, / ?:/ turn / ?:/, / ?:/ Don’t turn, you will be hurt. 2. Words with vowel pair ur pronouncing / ?:/ in every unit of Book 6: hurt turn 3. Phonics ur-n—urn t-urn—turn b-urn—burn ur-t—urt h-urt—hurt ur-se—urse p-urse—purse n-urse—nurse **Chant: What a magic fur purse! The nurse turns, and the purse burns. 4. Exercise I. Write vowel pair ur and read the words. b____n t____key t____n t____tle p____ple h____t t____n II. Listen and circle the words you hear. born/burn torn/turn horn/hurt tortoise/turtle fork/fur III. Flash Card ow/ou 1. Chant /a?/, /a?/ down /a?/, /a?/ town /a?/, /a?/ Down to the town. 2. Words with the vowel pair ow/ou pronouncing /a?/ in every unit of Book 6: down count 3. Phonics ou-nd—ound f-ound---found r-ound—round ou-nt—ount c-ount—count **Chant: You can count a thousand round houses around the town. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair ow/ou and read the words. t____n t____er d____n c____ b____ f____nd th____sand r____nd cl____n m______se h______ s_____nd br_____n II. Listen and circle the words you hear. shout/short house/horse mouse/mice cloud/clothes tone/town dawn/down III. Flash Card ow 1. Chant /??/, /??/ slow /??/, /??/ follow /??/,/??/ You’re so slow, I can follow you tomorrow. 2. Words with the vowel pair ow pronouncing /??/ in every unit of Book 6: follow, slow tomorrow 3. Phonics l-ow—low s-low—slow f-o-llow—follow b-low—blow **Chant: Slow, slow, slow, I can’t follow you! 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair ow and read the words. foll_____ sn_____ thr_____ bl_____ sh_____ kn_____ wind_____ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. blouse/blow shout/show know/knew throw/threw III. Flash Card oo 1. Chant /u/, /u/ good /u/,/u/ foot /u/,/u/ A cook took a book to look! 2. Words with the vowel pair oo pronouncing /u/ in every unit of Book 6: book foot 3. Phonics oo-k—ook b-ook—book l-ook—look t-ook—took oo-d—ood w-ood—wood st-ood—stood oo-m---oom b-e-dr-oo-m—bedroom **Chant: A cook stood on the wood in the bedroom. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair oo and read the words. g_____d w____d st____d bedr____m b_____k classr____m II. Listen and circle the words you hear. stand/stood wound/wood took/take look/lake III. Flash Card oo 1. Chant /u:/, /u:/ zoo /u:/, /u:/ too /u:/, /u:/ In the zoo, a kangaroo eats a bamboo. 2. Words with the vowel pair oo pronouncing /u:/ in every unit of Book 6: moon mooncake 3. Phonics oo-n—oon m-oon n-oon **Chant: At noon, a balloon goes up to the moon. t-oo-th---tooth f-oo-d---food s-ch-oo-l –school **Chant: In the school, he can use one tooth to eat food. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair oo and read the words. r____m, sch_____l f____d r_____m t_____ b_____t n_____dle f____l g___se II. Listen and circle the words you hear. goose/geese shoot/shot short/shoot food/feed fowl/fool III. Flash Card oo读长还是短,记住口诀就简单. d,k之前读短[u], food一词是特例; t前读长[u:], foot需要特殊记; 复合词中要读短,其余多数读长[u:]; l,s,d间读作[?], 例外还要特殊记. ai 1. Chant /ei/, /ei/ rain /ei/, /ei/ train /ei/,/ei/ Don’t go straight in the rain. I’m afraid to take a train. 2. Words with the vowel pair ai pronouncing /?/ in every unit of Book 6: straight train afraid rain 3. Phonics ai-n r-ain—rain tr-ain—train ai-l m-ail—mail p-ail—pail **Chant: Mail, mail, mail! Pail, pail, pail! Put the mail into the pail! 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair ai and read the words. w____t p____n g____n m____d p____d tr____t sn____l t____l br____n f___l ag____n II. Listen and circle the words you hear. maid/mad pan/pain lad/laid ran/rain III. Flash Card ay 1. Chant /ei/, /ei/ today /ei/, /ei/ go away /ei/, /ei/ I can’t pay for the subway. 2. Words with the vowel pair ay pronouncing /ei/ in every unit of Book 6: subway today pay 3. Phonics st-ay—stay m-ay—may p-ay—pay d-ay—day s-u-b-w-ay—subway **Chant: May, May, May! Stay, stay, stay! May will stay with Kay all day. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair ay and read the words. s_____ pl_____ h_____ J_____ r_____ cl_____ w______ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. plain/play hay/hi clown/clay why/way die/day my/may III. Flash Card ea 1. Chant /i:/, /i:/ eat /i:/, /i:/ seat /i:/, /i:/ Please teach me how to read 2. Words with the vowel pair ea pronouncing /i:/ in every unit of Book 6: feature sea breathe 3. Phonics ea-d—ead r-ead—read b-ead—bead l-ead—lead ea-t—eat m-eat—meat h-eat—heat tr-eat—treat t-ea—tea s-ea—sea f-ea-t-ure—feature br-ea-the—breathe **Chant: He has a feature you can see, he can breathe in the sea. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair ea and read the words. _____ch m_____t l_____n r_____l p_____ fl_____ b_____d h_____t cl_____n b_____n m_____l s_____l II. Listen and circle the words you hear. bed/bead ben/bean red/read meet/met hot/heat fly/flea sail/seal mail/meal lain/lean pay/pea III. Flash Card ea 1. Chant /e/, /e/ head /e/, /e/ dead /e/,/e/ Have bread for breakfast instead 2. Words with the vowel pair ea pronouncing /e/ in every unit of Book 6: breath 3. Phonics ea-d—ead h-ead d-ead—dead in-st-ead—instead f-ea-th-er—feather m-ea-sure—measure pl-ea-sure—pleasure pl-ea-s-ant---pleasant br-ea-th—breath **Chant: Look at the feathers, I’m out of breath. 4. Exercise I. Write letter u and read the words. II. Listen and circle the words you hear. III. Flash Card ee 1. Chant /i:/, /i:/ bee /i:/, /i:/ tree /i:/, /i:/ It’s only a sheep, can’t you see? 2. Words with the vowel pair ee pronouncing /i:/ in every unit of Book 6: street see deep feel week 3. Phonics ee-d—eed d-eed—deed n-eed—need **Chant: Deed, deed, deed! Need, need, need! A friend in need is a friend indeed. ee-p—p d-eep—deep j-eep—jeep **Chant: This week, I feel the street is deep. (Haha) 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair ee and read the words. sh_____p sw____t sl____p j____p m____t d_____p f___l f____t b___f s_____d coff_____ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. fail/feel feed/fed sweat/sweet tree/treat III. Flash Card oa 1. Chant / ??/,/ ??/ coat / ??/,/ ??/ road / ??/,/ ??/ Take the goat to the boat. 2. Words with the vowel pair oa pronouncing / ??/ in every unit of Book 6: coach goal 3. Phonics g-oa-l—goal c-oa-ch—coach **Chant: Goal, goal, goal! The coach says, “Reach your goal!” 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair oa and read the words. g____t c____t r____d s____p t____st l____f b____t l____d II. Listen and circle the words you hear. cold/coat read/road goat/got soup/soap bait/boat lord/load III. Flash Card oi/oy 1. Chant /?i/,/?i/, /?i/ boy, /?i/,/?i/, /?i/ coin, /?i/,/?i/, /?i/ Let’s join and play with the toy. 2. Words with the vowel pair oi/oy pronouncing /?i/ in every unit of Book 6: join 3. Phonics b-oy—boy p-oi-nt—point oi-l—oil 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair oi/oy and read the words. j___n t____ v____ce j_____ c____n b____l II. Listen and circle the words you hear. boy/boil top/toy voice/vice joy/jog must/moist join/joy III. Flash Card aw 1. Chant /?:/, /?:/, /?:/ awful /?:/, /?:/, /?:/ saw /?:/, /?:/, /?:/ He can draw a big claw. 2. Words with the vowel pair aw pronouncing /?:/ in every unit of Book 6: None 3. Phonics aw-ful—awful cr-awl—crawl s-aw—saw str-aw—straw 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair aw and read the words. dr_____ l_____yer str_____berry y_____n _____ful cr____l p_____ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. pool/paw see/saw street/straw drew/draw low/law III. Flash Card -air- 1. Chant /e?/,/e?/,/e?/ fair, /e?/,/e?/,/e?/ pair, /e?/,/e?/,/e?/ He sat on the chair and cut his hair. 2. Words with the vowel pair –air- pronouncing /e?/ in every unit of Book 6: None 3. Phonics ch-air—chair f-air—fair h-air—hair 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair –air- and read the words. upst____s downst_____s h____cut p______ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. pair/peer hair/here fair/fear III. Flash Card -ear- -----/i?/ 1. Chant /i?/,/i?/,/i?/ ear, /i?/,/i?/,/i?/ dear, /i?/,/i?/,/i?/ I can hear, it’s clear. 2. Words with the vowel pair –ear- pronouncing /i?/ in every unit of Book 6: hear 3. Phonics y-ear—year d-ear—dear h-ear—hear 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair –ear- and read the words. d______ cl_______ h_______ n______ f_____ t_____ g______ app_____ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. hair/hear dare/dear year/yawl clear/clean fear/fair III. Flash Card igh 1. Chant /ai/,/ai/ light /ai/, /ai/ bright /ai/, /ai/ The light might be bright tonight. 2. Words with the pair igh pronouncing /ai/ in every unit of Book 6: right tonight 3. Phonics igh-t—ight n-ight—night t-o-n-ight—tonight r-ight—right br-igh-t—bright **Chant: Left, left, right, right, go, go, go! 4. Exercise I. Write the pair igh and read the words. l_____t h______ m______t br_____t he____t II. Listen and circle the words you hear. lit/light hay/high may/might brat/bright III. Flash Card igh 1. Chant /ei/,/ei/ straight /ei/, /ei/ eight /ei/, /ei/ Go straight, until you get eight. 2. Words with the pair igh pronouncing /ei/ in every unit of Book 6: straight 3. Phonics igh-t—ight e-ight—eight w-eight—weight 4. Exercise I. Write the pair igh and read the words. e_____t we______ stra______t II. Listen and circle the words you hear. weigh/weight street/straight height/eight III. Flash Card ? -ear- -----/e?/ 1. Chant /e?/, /e?/, /e?/ pear, /e?/, /e?/, /e?/ bear, /e?/,/e?/,/e?/ I swear it can wear. 2. Words with the vowel pair –ear- pronouncing /e?/ in every unit of Book 6: wear 3. Phonics p-ear---pear b-ear—bear sw-ear—swear 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair –ear- and read the words. p______ b______ sw______ w______ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. bear/beer peer/pear swear/swore wear/wore III. Flash Card The split vowel pair a-e 1. Chant /ei/, /ei/ take /ei/, /ei/ cake /ei/, /ei/ He gave me a cake he couldn’t take. 2. Words with the split vowel pair a-e pronouncing /ei/ in every unit of Book 6: plane take space amaze cake chase name gave 3. Phonics a-e~k—ake /eik/ s-ake—sake t-ake—take c-ake—cake a-e~s—ase /eis/ ch-ase—chase a-e~z—aze /eiz/ a-m-aze—amaze a-e~c—ace /eis/ sp-ace—space a-e~n—ane /ein/ pl-ane—plane J-ane—Jane a-e~m—ame /eim/ n-ame—name a-e~v—ave /eiv/ g-ave—gave **Chant: Her name is Jane. She goes to space by plane. Look, she is chasing. It’s too amazing. 4. Exercise I. Write the split vowel pair a-e and read the words. w___v____ c___k___ c___v___ b___k___ l___k___ g___m___ sh___m___ d___t___ l___t___ h___t___ f___t___ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. at/ate fat/fate can/cane plan/plane hat/hate Sam/same man/mane rat/rate III. Flash Card ? e-e 1. Chant /i:/, /i:/ Chinese /i:/, /i:/ Japanese /i:/, /i:/ I’m a Chinese, you’re a Japanese 2. Words with the split vowel pair e-e pronouncing /i:/ in every unit of Book 6: Chinese Japanese these 3. Phonics e-e~s—ese Ch-i-n-ese—Chinese J-a-p-an-ese—Japanese th-ese—these e-e~v—eve **Chant: Whose are these? They belong to us Chinese. 4. Exercise I. Write the split vowel pair e-e and read the words. P__t__ th__s__ Chin__s__ Japan__s__ __v__ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. pet/Pete egg/eve chess/Chinese those/these III. Flash Card i-e 1. Chant /ai/, /ai/ ice /ai/, /ai/ rice /ai/, /ai/ Look at the price, I can buy some mice. 2. Words with the split vowel pair i-e pronouncing /ai/ in every unit of Book 6: mice price hike 3. Phonics i-e~c—ice /ais/ pr-ice—price r-ice—rice i-e~d—ide /aid/ w-ide—wide h-ide—hide i-e~k—ike /aik/ h-ike--hike b-ike—bike i-e~t—ite /ait/ wh-ite—white b-ite—bite i-e~n—ine /ain/ w-ine—wine v-ine—vine f-ine—fine **Chant: Here’s Mike, he goes to hike without a bike. 4. Exercise I. Write the split vowel pair i-e and read the words. r___d____ h___d___ b___t___ kn___f___ w___f___ l___f___ M___k___ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. bit/bite fin/fine kit/kite win/wine sit/site pin/pine III. Flash Card o-e 1. Chant /?u/, /?u/ home /?u/, /?u/ dome /?u/, /?u/ Every road leads to Rome. 2. Words with the split vowel pair o-e pronouncing /?u/ in every unit of Book 6: 没有 3. Phonics o-e~s—ose /?us/ r-ose—rose n-ose—nose o-e~k—oke /?uk/ j-oke—joke c-oke—coke o-e~l—ole /?ul/ h-ole—hole o-e~m—ome /?um/ h-ome—home R-ome—Rome **Chant: Put a rose on your nose and make a pose. 4. Exercise I. Write the split vowel pair o-e and read the words. sm__k__ w__k__ j__k__ h__le m__l__ p__s__ h__m__ d__m__ t__m__ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. hop/hope wok/woke Tom/home rob/robe hot/hole mom/Rome ride/rode III. Flash Card u-e 1. Chant /ju:/, /ju:/ muse /ju:/, /ju:/ Luse (a name) /ju:/, /ju:/ They give me a fuse to use. 2. Words with the split vowel pair u-e pronouncing /ju:/ in every unit of Book 6: use cute 3. Phonics u-e~s—use /ju:s/ f-use—fuse u-e~t—ute /ju:t/ c-ute—cute m-ute—mute **Chant: They are cute, when they are mute. 4. Exercise I. Write the split vowel pair u-e and read the words. m__t__ c__t___ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. us/use nut/nute cut/cute fuss/fuse duck/duke III. Flash Card The Consonants B 1. Chant -- Blue bird, blue bird, what do you say. --I say B /b/, --/b/, /b/, /b/, /b/, /b/,/b/, /b/. Blue, blue bird. 2. Words with the consonant B pronouncing /b/ in every unit of Book 6: bad bookstore breath bus businessman by Canberra club hobby subway 3. Phonics b-a-d—bad b-u-s—bus b-oo-k—book b-y—by b-oo-k-st-ore—bookstore br-ea-th—breath bu-si-ness-man—businessman Can-be-rra—Canberra ho-bby—hobby ? C 1. Chant --Candy cat, candy cat, what do you say? --I say C /k/, --/k/, /k/, /k/, /k/, /k/, /k/, /k/. Candy, candy cat. 2. Words with the consonant C pronouncing /k/ in every unit of Book 6: Canberra club coach comic count country crossing factory mooncake secretary 3. Phonics cl-u-b—club c-oa—ch—coach co-mic—comic c-oun-t—count cr-o-ssing—crossing Can-be-rra—Canberra fac-to-ry—factory m-oo-n-c-ake—mooncake ***If the letter C meets litter i, e, y, letter C pronounces /s/ Phonics: ci-ne-ma—cinema m-ice—mice bi-cy-cle—bicycleD 1. Chant Dolly Duck, Dolly Duck, what do you say? I say D /d/, --/d/, /d/, /d/, /d/, /d/,/d/, /d/. Dolly, dolly Duck. 2. Words with the consonant D pronouncing /d/ in every unit of Book 6: deep dictionary down idea bad afraid middle mud postcard sad sled study 3. Phonics d-ee-p—deep d-ow-n—down dic-tiona-ry—dictionary i-dea—idea b-a-d—bad a-frai-d—afraid mi-ddle—middle m-u-d—mudF 1. Chant Funny Fish, funny Fish, what do you say? I say F /f/, --/f/, /f/, /f/, /f/, /f/,/f/, /f/. Funny, funny Fish. 2. Words with the consonant F pronouncing /f/ in every unit of Book 6: Factory far fast feature feel ferry film fisherman follow half left officer traffic 3. Phonics f-ar—far fa-st—fast f-ee-l—feel fe-rry—ferry fi-lm—film fo-llow—follow fea-ture—feature fi-sher-man—fisherman fac-to-ry—factory h-al-f—half l-e-ft—left G 1. Chant Green, green grass, Green, green grass. G says /g/,--/g/,/g/,/g/,/g/,/g/,/g/,/g/. Green, green grass. 2. Words with the consonant G pronouncing /g/ in every unit of Book 6: gave Germany get goal grass angry together 3. Phonics g-ave—gave g-e-t—get g-oa-l—goal gr-a-ss—grass Ger-ma-ny—Germany an-gry—angry ? ***If the letter G meets litter i, e, y, letter G pronounces /d?/ (expect “get”) Phonics: Ger-ma-ny—Germany g-y-m—gym H 1. Chant Honey hen, honey hen. Honey, honey hen. H says /h/,/h/,--/h/,/h/,/h/,/h/, /h/, h/, /h/. Honey honey hen. 2. Words with the consonant H pronouncing /h/ in every unit of Book 6: half happy head hear helmet hiking hobby hospital hurt 3. Phonics h-al-f—half h-ur-t—hurt h-ea-d—head h-ear—hear ha-ppy—happy ho-bby—hobby hel-met—helmet hi-king—hiking hos-pi-tal—hospital J 1. Chant Jumpy Jack, Jumpy Jack. Jump, jump, jump. J says /d?/,/d?/--/d?/,/d?/,/d?/,/d?/,/d?/,/d?/,/d?/. Jump, jump Jack. 2. Words with the consonant J pronouncing /d?/ in every unit of Book 6: jasmine join 3. Phonics j-oi-n—join jas-mi-ne—jasmine K 1. Chant Kick, kick, kick! Kangaroos kick! K says /k/, /k/--/k/,/k/,/k/,/k/,/k/,/k/,/k/. Kick, kick, kick! 2. Words with the consonant k pronouncing /k/ in every unit of Book 6: supermarket take 3. Phonics k-i-ck—kick ? L 1. Chant Lazy, lion, lazy lion. What do you say? I say L /l/,--/l/,/l/,/l/,/l/,/l/,/l/,/l/. Lazy, lazy lion. 2. Words with the consonant L pronouncing /l/ in every unit of Book 6: left lesson Alaska club early feel film follow goal helmet hospital ill Italian pal pilot plane police pull puzzle shall sled slow tell travel 3. Phonics l-e-ft—left le-sson—lesson M 1. Chant Miss Mouse, Mouse lives in this house. M says /m/,/m/,--/m/,/m/,/m/,/m/,/m/,/m/,/m/. Miss Mouse, Mouse. 2. Words with the consonant M pronouncing /m/ in every unit of Book 6: mice middle moon mooncake more mud Munich museum must amazing businessman cinema comic film fisherman Germany gym helmet jasmine poem postman supermarket tomorrow 3. Phonics m-ice—mice mi-ddle—middle m-oo-n—moon m-oo-n-c-ake—mooncake m-ore—more m-u-d—mud Mu-nich—Munich mu-seum—museum m-u-st—mustN 1. Chant No, no, no nobody knows. N says /n/,/n/,--/n/,/n/,/n/,/n/,/n/,/n/,/n/. No, no, no. 2. Words with the consonant N pronouncing /n/ in every unit of Book 6: next ant businessman Canberra cinema count country dictionary down evening Germany jasmine join Italian moon mooncake Munich pen plane restaurant science scientist tonight train turn 3. Phonics n-e-xt—next P 1. Chant Puppy, puppy. Pet my puppy. P says /p/, /p/,--/p/,/p/,/p/,/p/,/p/,/p/,/p/. Puppy, puppy, puppy. 2. Words with the consonant P pronouncing /p/ in every unit of Book 6: pay pen pal pilot pizza plane poem police postcard postman price pull puzzle deep happy hospital ship space stop trip type reporter 3. Phonics p-ay—pay p-e-n—pen p-a-l—pal pi-lot—pilot pi-zza—pizza pl-ane—plane p-oe-m—poem po-lice—police po-st-card—postcard po-st-man—postman pr-ice—price p-u-ll—pull pu-zzle—puzzle R 1. Chant Rainbow Rabbit, run, run, run. R says /r/,/r/--/r/,/r/,/r/,/r/,/r/,/r/,/r/. Run! Rabbit, run! 2. Words with the consonant R pronouncing /r/ in every unit of Book 6: reporter restaurant right secretary tomorrow 3. Phonics re-por-ter—reporter rest-au-rant—restaurant r-ight—right ? S 1. Chant Silly Snake, silly snake. Sleep, sleep, sleep. S says /s/,/s/--/s/,/s/,/s/,/s/,/s/,/s/,/s/. Silly, silly snake. 2. Words with the consonant S pronouncing /s/ in every unit of Book 6: sad science scientist Scotland sea secretary see shall share ship should sir sit sled slow space stay stop straight street stuck study subway superman Alaska ask bus bookstore chase crossing fast hospital interesting lesson must post restaurant university 3. Phonics s-a-d—sad s-ir—sir s-ee—see s-ea—sea sl-e-d—sled sl-ow—slow st-ay—stay st-op—stop sh-i-p—ship sp-ace—space sh-all—shall sh-are—share str-ee-t—street st-u-ck—stuck st-u-dy—study sub-way—subway su-per-man—superman sh-ould—should sci-en-ce—science sci-en-tist—scientist str-aight—straight Scot-land—Scotland se-cre-tary—secretaryT 1. Chant Tiny Turtle, Tiny turtle. What do you say? I say T /t/---/t/,/t/,/t/,/t/,/t/,/t/,/t/. Tiny, tiny turtle. 2. Words with the consonant T pronouncing /t/ in every unit of Book 6: take train taxi tell together tomorrow tonight traffic travel trip turn type post hospital left right interesting Italian restaurant get foot helmet must attention fast Scotland visit supermarket next get scientist pilot university reporter count hurt sit ant 3. Phonics t-ake—take tr-ip—trip t-ur-n—turn ty-pe—type tr-ain—train ta-xi—taxi t-ell—tell to-n-ight—tonight tra-ffic—traffic tra-vel—travel to-get-ther—together to-mo-rrow—tomorrow V 1. Chant Van, van, van. A very big van. V says /v/,/v/,/v/,/v/,/v/,/v/,/v/. Van, van, van. 2. Words with the consonant V pronouncing /v/ in every unit of Book 6: visit travel university 3. Phonics vi-sit—visit W 1. Chant Where is the witch? Where is the witch? W says /w/, /w/,/w/,/w/,/w/,/w/,/w/. Witch, witch, witch. 2. Words with the consonant W pronouncing /w/ in every unit of Book 6: wear well word worker worried worry wrong ? 3. Phonics w-ear—wear w-ell—well w-or-d—word w-or-ker—worker wo-rried—worried wo-rry—worry wr-ong—wrong X 1. Chant Box, box, box. Fox, fox, fox. X says /ks/, /ks/,/ks/,/ks/,/ks/,/ks/,/ks/. Ox, ox, ox 2. Words with the consonant X pronouncing /ks/ in every unit of Book 6: six 3. Phonics s-i-x—six Y 1. Chant Yum, yum, yum! Yellow, yellow, yellow. Y says /j/,/j/,/j/,/j/,/j/,/j/,/j/. Yum, yum, yum! 2. Words with the consonant Y pronouncing /j/ in every unit of Book 6: yellow 3. Phonics ye-llow—yellow ? Other pronunciations of Letter Y in the words (I) Y 1. Chant Don’t worry! Don’t be angry! Y says /i/,/i/--/i/,/i/,/i/. Hobby, hobby, hobby! Happy, happy, happy! 2. Words with the consonant Y pronouncing /i/ in every unit of Book 6: hobby, ferry, happy, Germany, early, dictionary, factory, country, university, quickly, secretary, angry, worry, gym 3. Phonics ho-bby—hobby fe-rry—ferry ha-ppy—happy Ger-ma-ny—Germany ear-ly—early dic-tion-ry—dictioanry fac-to-ry—factory coun-try—country u-ni-ver-si-ty—university quick-ly—quickly se-cre-tary—secretary ang-ry—angry wo-rry—worry g-y-m—gym **Chant: The secretary will get up early and ferry to the factory quickly. Y 1. Chant Why, why, why! My, my, my! Y says /ai/,/ai/,/ai/,/ai/,/ai/. Y is in the sky! Let’s type and stand by! 2. Words with the consonant Y pronouncing /ai/ in every unit of Book 6 ： type by Z 1. Chant Zebra, zebra. How do you do? Z says /z/, /z/,/z/,/z/,/z/,/z/,/z/. Zoo, zoo, zoo! 2. Words with the consonant Z pronouncing /z/ in every unit of Book 6: zoo 3. Phonics z-oo—zoo Consonant Blends ? “l” blends: bl- cl- fl- gl- pl- bl-: Black, black, black; blink, blink, blink. /bl/,/bl/,/bl/,/bl/,/bl/,/bl/,/bl/ cl-: Clock, clock, clock; clap, clap, clap. /kl/, /kl/,/kl/,/kl/,/kl/,/kl/,/kl/ fl-: Flip, flip, flip! flop, flop, flop! We flip and flop! gl-: Class, class, class! Glass, glass, glass! I watch my class, they clean the glass. pl-: Plan, plan, plan! Plane, plane, plane! I have a plan for the plane. Exercise: Circle the words you hear. block/clock flag/plat class/glass plum/blame “r” blends: br- cr- dr- fr- gr- tr- br-: Brush, brush, brush! Bring, bring, bring! /br/,/br/,/br/,/br/,/br/,/br/,/br/ cr-: Crab, crab, crab! Crop, crop, crop! /kr/,/kr/,/kr/,/kr/,/kr/,/kr/,/kr/ dr-: Drip, drip, drip! Drop, drop, drop! Drip, drop! Drip, drop! Drip! Drip! Drip! fr-: Fred, Fred, Fred! Frog, frog, frog! Fred likes the frog. gr-: Grass, grass, grass! See the happy frogs, jump over the green, green grass. tr-: Trap, trap, trap! Trip, trip, trip! A trap to trip the fox! Exercise: Circle the words you hear. block/brock frog/flog dress/press clown/crown fly/fry grass/crass “s” blends: sk- sl- st- sp- sw- -sk -sp -st sk-: Skip, skip, skip! Skin, skin, skin. /sk/, /sk/,/sk/,/sk/,/sk/,/sk/,/sk/ sl-: Sled, sled, sled! Slip, slip, slip. /sl/, /sl/,/sl/,/sl/,/sl/,/sl/,/sl/ sp-: Spell, spell, spell! Spin, spin, spin! Stan can spell the word “spin”. st-: Step, step, step! Stop, stop, stop! One step, two steps, three steps, forward! One step, two steps, three steps, stop! sw-: Swim, swim, swim! Swing, swing, swing. They are so swell! -sk Where is my mask? I have to ask! -sp I gasp and want to rasp. -st He is fast, he is the best. Exercise: Circle the words you hear. spot/slot swim/stim stand/sland sping/swing spick/stick ? “-nk” blend I go to the bank. I want to find my ink! /?k/,/?k/,/?k/! ? “qu-” blend Quick, quick, quick! Quiz, quiz, quiz! It is a quick quiz! /kw/, /kw/,/kw/! Consonant Digraph “sh” sh- Ship, ship, ship! Shop, shop, shop! Go to shop in a ship! /?/, /?/, /?/, /?/, /?/, /?/, /?/ -sh -ash Cash, cash, cash! Dash, dash, dash! Hurry! Dash to get some cash! -ish Fish, fish, fish! Dish, dish, dish! A fish in a dish! It is a wish! -ush Hush, hush, hush! Rush, rush, rush! Hush! Don’t rush! Consonant Digraph “ch”/ “tch” -ch/-tch Bench, bench, bench! Church, church, church! /t?/, /t?/, /t?/! Catch, catch, catch! Watch, watch, watch! /t?/, /t?/, /t?/,/t?/, /t?/, /t?/, /t?/! ch- Chick, chick, chick! Chip, chip, chip! Chick, chip! Chip, chick! Which do you like? Consonant Digraph “th-”(voiced/voiceless) “-th”(voiceless) -th (voiceless) Math, bath! /θ/, /θ/, /θ/! Path, beth! /θ/, /θ/, /θ/! Beth, Beth, Beth! Bath, bath, bath! Beth likes to take a bath! Beth doesn’t like math! th- (voiceless) Think, think, think! Thick, thick, thick! It’s too thick! Let me think! /θ/, /θ/, /θ/! th-(voiced) This is my father! This is my mother! We are always together! /e/,/e/,/e/! Consonant Digraph “wh-” What, what, what! Where, where, where! /w/, /w/, /w/ ? Consonant Digraph “ph-” Photo, photo, photo! Phonics, Phonics, Phonics! Take a photo of Phonics! /f/, /f/,/f/! ? Consonant Digraph “-ck” The duck has a long neck. He likes to kick. /k/, /k/,/k/! Consonant Digraph “-ng” He is a king, he has a ring. It rings bang, bang, bang! /?/, /?/, /?/! Consonant Digraph “kn-” Knock, knock, knock! Knot, knot, knot! I don’t know how to knot! /n/, /n/,/n/! ? Consonant Digraph “wr-” He is a writer, he likes to write! /r/, /r/, /r/!
x?x在单词中间或结尾时发/ks/音?box,?next,?mix,?six,?fox x在单词中间时有时发/ks/音?exit,?exam,?exact x在单词起始位置时发/z/音?xylophone,?xerox y?y在单词起始位置时发音为辅音?yes,?you,?yard,?year,?yell y在单词或音节中间或结尾时被当做元音字母 y在结尾,单词只有一个音节时y发长 音,my,?cry,?fly,?sky y在结尾,单词有两个或以上音节时y发长/e/音 y在单词或音节中间时,发短/i/音 辅音字母组合 字母组合的发音很简单,就是把每个辅音字母的发音连在一起就可以了.之所以要把它们单独列出来,一个重要的原因就是,每个辅音字母组合是作为一个整体来看待的,在划分音节的时候是不能把这些辅音字母组合分开的.音节的划分对于一个单词的读音至关重要,我们所学的自然拼音法发音规律,其实都是针对单个音节的,对于多音节的单词来说,要先把单词划分为一个一个的音节,然后再对每个音节应用自然拼音法发音规律.在学生学习音节划分之前，只需要熟记这些字母组合,以备后用. 字母组合?例词 带有l的字母组合 bl?black,?blame,?bless,?blue,?blast cl?--clock,?class,?clap,?clue,?close fl?--flag,?fly,?flat,?flash,?flower gl?--glass,?glad,?glide,?glue,?globe pl?--plate,?plane,?place,?plus,?plan sl?--sled,?sleep,?slow,?slide,?slim 带有r的字母组合 br?--bridge,?break,?brave,?brown,?bread cr?--crab,?crack,?crop,?crown,?creek dr?--dress,?drag,?drink,?drive,?drop fr?--frog,?fresh,?free,?from,?front gr?--grape,?grade,?grass,?grin,?grunt pr?--press,?pride,?price,?print,?proof tr?--truck,?track,?true,?train,?tree 带有s的字母组合 sc?--scale,?scar,?score,?scare,?scuff sk?--skate,?skip,?skill,?skull,?skin sm?--smoke,?smile,?smog,?smell,?smear sn?--snake,?snap,?snore,?snow,?snug sp?--spoon,?spin,?spot,?spell,?sport st?--stop,?stack,?stay,?step,?still sw?--swim,?swell,?swing,?sweet,?swift tw?--twig,?tweet,?twist,?twin,?twine 不发音的辅音字母（Silent?Consonants） 在有些辅音字母组合中,其中一个字母是不发音的,该组合所发的音与发音的那个辅音字母所发音相同.下面列出了这些组合: 字母组合?不发音字母?例词 gh?h?ghost,? gn?g??sign kn?k?knife,?knit,?know,?knock,?knee mb?b?comb,?lamb,?thumb,?dumb,?climb pn?p?pneumonia ps?p?psalm,?psychic,?psychology rh?h?rhinoceros,?rhyme,?rhythm sc?c?scissors,??scene,?scenery,? wr?w?wrong,?wrist,?wrap gh?gh?light,?high,?eight,??night 2. 元音字母发音规律 常说的元音字母有五个:a,e,i,o,u,另外y在一个单词的中间或结尾时也被当做元音字母。 *每个单词里都包含有至少一个元音。 *每个单词的每个音节里都包含有至少一个元音。 *元音是单词的“最强音”。 *元音所发的音取决于该元音在单词中的位置或它是如何与其它元音组合的。 一般来说,除了以下几种情况外,元音都发短音: 1.?该元音是元音字母组合的一部分 2.?该元音后面有字母r 3.?该元音在一个单词或重读音节的结尾 4.?单词以字母e结尾 5.?该元音是元音规则的特例 元音字母自然拼读法基本规则: l?五个元音字母(a,?e,?i,?o,?u),?每个发两种音：长音（其字母音）和短音（?y不在单词开头时，一般被看做元音） 2.??单元音单词拼读?： 如果一个英语单词或音节里只有一个元音,?且元音不在末尾，这个元音一般发短音。如： Sam,?cat,?mat,?等等． 3.?双元音单词拼读(Two?Vowel?Words):一个单词或音节里有两个元音时，一般来说，前边一个元音发长音（其字母音）， 后边一个元音不发音。如： make,?mail,?may,?hay,?say,?see,?sea,?meet,?meat,?key,?five,?nine,?tie,?road,?coat,?toe,?cute等等。 ?特殊读法(1)–?带元音的特殊读法 igh,?ing,?ind,?ild,?ar,?or,?oi,?oy,?alt,?alk,?ost,?old,?er,?ir,?ur,?ew,?sion,?tion,?eigh,?all,?ow,?ow,?ou,?ay,?ous,?ed,?ed?(t),?ed?(d),?aw,?au,?oo以上字母组合作为整体音节发音。需记住它们所发的音。 如何在课堂上操作自然拼读法？ Phonics 与音标教学相结合，构建学生词汇能力。? 在我们日常的词汇教学中，音标是必不可少的教学内容。。但是，在音标学习的过程中，也出现过以下问题：规则较多，不利于记忆，难于激发学习兴趣；过于注重音标拼读，忽视了单词的拼写与记忆；遇到生词，无法正确发音，要借助字典……这些问题同时也在阻碍着学生培养英语词汇能力。为了解决这些问题，我们有必要将Phonics和音标教学相结合。 在音标教学时，结合Phonics，利用其字母与字母音的对应关系，激发学生学习英语的兴趣。以Phonics简单易学的拼读规律帮助学生学习复杂多变的音标规则。加之琅琅上口的chant强化了字母与字母音的音标，使学生乐于主动进入英语语音的世界。 ? 以下内容是结合六年级教材总结的自然拼读法。 教师以此为根据，研究一下发音规律，应用到课堂教学中（在进行小初衔接复习单词时可以使用），帮助学生掌握背诵单词的好方法。 Short Vowel Aa 1. Chant /?/,/?/ angry, /?/,/?/ happy, /?/,/?/ An Italian travels Alaska by taxi. 2. Words with letter A pronouncing /?/ in every unit of Book 6: Italian, taxi, traffic, Alaska, factory, shall, ant, Canberra, jasmine, travel, businessman, angry, sad, bad, happy, pal (红色部分是PEP六年级（上、下）单词表里包含的单词) 3. Phonics a-n—an an-t—ant m-an—man C-an-be-rra—Canberra **Chant: The businessman in Canberra has an ant. a-d—ad s-ad—sad b-ad—bad p-ad—pad **Chant: My pad is bad, my pal is sad. a-m—am j-am—jam h-am—ham **Chant: There is a traffic jam in the factory. 4. Exercise I. Write letter a and read the words. Al____ska It________lian tr____ffic j____smine sh____ll m____d f____t c____t II. Listen and circle the words you hear. bed/bad sad/sit shell/shall businessman/ postman fit/fat happy/hurry Jim/jam him/ham did/dad guess/gas III. Flash Cards ? 注意： grass fast ask half 这几个出现在教材中的单词，字母a 的发音， British English 为/a:/ ; 而American English 为 /?/ ? E e 1. Chant /e/,/e/elephant; /e/,/e/ left; /e/,/e/ lesson /e/,/e/ ten little hens get seven pens. 2. Words with letter E pronouncing /e/ in every unit of Book 6: left, restaurant, get, tell, well, lesson, helmet, ten, attention, sled, ferry, together, pen, secretary, everyone, festival 3. Phonics e-n---en h-en---hen t-en---ten p-en---pen e-ll/e-l---ell/el b-ell---bell w-ell---well t-ell---tell f-ell---fell h-el-met---helmet **Chant: Tell Bill the bell is in the well. e-d---ed r-ed---red b-ed---bed s-l-ed---sled **Chant: Everyone pays attentions to the sled not a bed. 4. Exercise I. Write letter e, and read the words. f____ll f____rry h____lmet w____nt b____tter f____lt II. Listen and circle the words you hear. hide/bed ride/red will/well bill/bell tin/ten tan/ten lift/left got/get lesson/listen slide/sled furry/ferry III. Flash Cards I i 1. Chant /i/, /i/, Italian /i/, /i/, taxi /i/, /i/, Munich /i/, /i/, Six Italians take a taxi to Munich. 2. Words with letter I pronouncing /i/ in every unit of Book 6: office, officer, cinema, hospital, crossing, hiking, evening, amazing, interesting, taxi, Italian, traffic, Munich, dictionary, festival, fisherman, scientist, if, ill, sit, visit, ship, trip, film, university, quickly, comic 3. Phonics i-t—it s-it--- sit v-i-s-it---visit h-it---hit i-f—if i-ll/i-l—ill/il b-ill---bill h-ill----hill f-il-m---film **Chant: The officer is ill, he can’t see a comic film. i-n—in w-in---win p-in---pin **Chant: If you visit, don’t sit, it’s interesting. Take your trip by ship. i-ng—ing k-ing---king s-ing---sing **Chant: King, king, king, Sing, sing, sing. In the evening don’t hiking at the crossing. It’s too amazing. 4. Exercise I. Write letter i and read the words p___ck f___sh d___sh k___ck p___nk s___nk r___ng II. Listen and Circle the word you hear. rang/ring him/hen dad/did pank/pink bank/bink sick/sack III. Flash Cards Oo 1. Chant /?/,/?/ follow /?/,/?/ tomorrow /?/,/?/ The doctor is in the hospital. 2. Words with letter O pronouncing /?/ in every unit of Book 6: hospital, crossing, follow, tomorrow, stop, Scotland, comic, hobby, doctor, wrong 3. Phonics o-t—ot h-ot---hot p-ot—pot o-p—op t-op—top s-t-op—stop o-ng—ong wr-ong—wrong **Chant: Stopping at the crossing is wrong. h-o—ho ho-bby—hobby c-o—co co-mic—comic **Chant: Comic, comic, do you have it? Truly have I, it’s my hobby.4. Exercise I. Write letter o and read the words. Sc____tland f____llow h____p b____x t____p p____rridge II. Listen and circle the words you hear. heat/hot hat/hot hop/hip top/tip pat/pot lot/lit fox/ fax III. Flash cards Uu 1. Chant /?/, /?/ must /?/, /?/ puzzle /?/, /?/ Study in a club by bus 2. Words with letter U pronouncing /?/ in every unit of Book 6: bus, must, study, puzzle, club, stuck, mud 3. Phonics u-n—un s-un—sun r-un—run **Chant: I run in the sun. u-ck—uck m-uck—muck st—uck—stuck u-d—ud m-ud—mud **Chant: He is stuck in the mud. 4. Exercise I. Write letter u and read the words. b____g n____t h____g c____t s____ck II. Listen and circle the words you hear. mud/mad stick/stuck ran/run big/bug cut/cute cat/cut III. Flash Card Vowel Paris ar 1. Chant /a:/, /a:/ card /a:/, /a:/ bar /a:/, /a:/ The bar is too far, go there by car. 2. Words with vowel pair ar pronouncing /a:/ in every unit of Book 6: far, card, postcard, market, supermarket (3. Phonics ar-k---ark b-ark m-ark—mark m-ar-ket—market **Chant: It’s too dark, I can’t find Mark. Mark is in the market, not in the park. 4. Exercise I. Write vowel pair ar and read the words. p____k y____d h____d f____m M____ch sh____k b____n II. Listen and circle the words you hear. bat/bark dad/dark fat/farm man/mark fan/farm mat/market III. Flash Card ? er 1. Chant /?/,/?/ worker /?/,/?/ reporter /?/,/?/ Officers are working together. 2. Words with the vowel pair er pronouncing /?/ in every unit of Book 6: worker reporter officer together 3. Phonics p-ai-nt-er—painter m-o-th-er f-a-th-er **Chant: I love my mother, I love my father. We all love each other. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair er and read the words. teach____ driv____ wint____ bigg____ riv____ farm____ bak____ pap____ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. worker/work bake/baker smoke/smoker writer/write people/paper III. Flash Card ? ir 1. Chant Brown bear, brown bear, do you see a fir? Yes, sir! Yes, sir! Not far away from here. 2. Words with vowel pair ir pronouncing /?:/ in every unit of Book 6: sir 3. Phonics ir-t—irt sh-irt---shirt sk-irt—skirt ir-l—irl tw-irl—twirl **Chant: The girl in a shirt likes to twirl her skirt. 4. Exercise I. Write vowel pair ir and read the words. b____d f____ s____ sh____t sk____t II. Listen and circle the words you hear. far/fir shark/shirt dark/dirt scar/skirt III. Flash Card or 1. Chant ?/?:/, /?:/ more /?:/, /?:/ store /?:/, /?:/ Do you want to know more? Come to a bookstore. 2. Words with the vowel pair or pronouncing?/?:/in every unit of Book 6: bookstore more (3. Phonics or-k—ork f-ork---fork p-ork—pork **Chant: Use a fork to eat pork! or-m—orm st-orm—storm f-orm---form **Chant: Far away to the north, there was a big storm. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair or and read the words. l____d sw____d h____n b____n st____m f____m n____th f____k mo____ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. park/pork car/corn large/lord barn/born harm/horn III. Flash Card ur 1. Chant /?:/, / ?:/ burn / ?:/, / ?:/ turn / ?:/, / ?:/ Don’t turn, you will be hurt. 2. Words with vowel pair ur pronouncing / ?:/ in every unit of Book 6: hurt turn 3. Phonics ur-n—urn t-urn—turn b-urn—burn ur-t—urt h-urt—hurt ur-se—urse p-urse—purse n-urse—nurse **Chant: What a magic fur purse! The nurse turns, and the purse burns. 4. Exercise I. Write vowel pair ur and read the words. b____n t____key t____n t____tle p____ple h____t t____n II. Listen and circle the words you hear. born/burn torn/turn horn/hurt tortoise/turtle fork/fur III. Flash Card ow/ou 1. Chant /a?/, /a?/ down /a?/, /a?/ town /a?/, /a?/ Down to the town. 2. Words with the vowel pair ow/ou pronouncing /a?/ in every unit of Book 6: down count 3. Phonics ou-nd—ound f-ound---found r-ound—round ou-nt—ount c-ount—count **Chant: You can count a thousand round houses around the town. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair ow/ou and read the words. t____n t____er d____n c____ b____ f____nd th____sand r____nd cl____n m______se h______ s_____nd br_____n II. Listen and circle the words you hear. shout/short house/horse mouse/mice cloud/clothes tone/town dawn/down III. Flash Card ow 1. Chant /??/, /??/ slow /??/, /??/ follow /??/,/??/ You’re so slow, I can follow you tomorrow. 2. Words with the vowel pair ow pronouncing /??/ in every unit of Book 6: follow, slow tomorrow 3. Phonics l-ow—low s-low—slow f-o-llow—follow b-low—blow **Chant: Slow, slow, slow, I can’t follow you! 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair ow and read the words. foll_____ sn_____ thr_____ bl_____ sh_____ kn_____ wind_____ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. blouse/blow shout/show know/knew throw/threw III. Flash Card oo 1. Chant /u/, /u/ good /u/,/u/ foot /u/,/u/ A cook took a book to look! 2. Words with the vowel pair oo pronouncing /u/ in every unit of Book 6: book foot 3. Phonics oo-k—ook b-ook—book l-ook—look t-ook—took oo-d—ood w-ood—wood st-ood—stood oo-m---oom b-e-dr-oo-m—bedroom **Chant: A cook stood on the wood in the bedroom. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair oo and read the words. g_____d w____d st____d bedr____m b_____k classr____m II. Listen and circle the words you hear. stand/stood wound/wood took/take look/lake III. Flash Card oo 1. Chant /u:/, /u:/ zoo /u:/, /u:/ too /u:/, /u:/ In the zoo, a kangaroo eats a bamboo. 2. Words with the vowel pair oo pronouncing /u:/ in every unit of Book 6: moon mooncake 3. Phonics oo-n—oon m-oon n-oon **Chant: At noon, a balloon goes up to the moon. t-oo-th---tooth f-oo-d---food s-ch-oo-l –school **Chant: In the school, he can use one tooth to eat food. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair oo and read the words. r____m, sch_____l f____d r_____m t_____ b_____t n_____dle f____l g___se II. Listen and circle the words you hear. goose/geese shoot/shot short/shoot food/feed fowl/fool III. Flash Card oo读长还是短,记住口诀就简单. d,k之前读短[u], food一词是特例; t前读长[u:], foot需要特殊记; 复合词中要读短,其余多数读长[u:]; l,s,d间读作[?], 例外还要特殊记. ai 1. Chant /ei/, /ei/ rain /ei/, /ei/ train /ei/,/ei/ Don’t go straight in the rain. I’m afraid to take a train. 2. Words with the vowel pair ai pronouncing /?/ in every unit of Book 6: straight train afraid rain 3. Phonics ai-n r-ain—rain tr-ain—train ai-l m-ail—mail p-ail—pail **Chant: Mail, mail, mail! Pail, pail, pail! Put the mail into the pail! 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair ai and read the words. w____t p____n g____n m____d p____d tr____t sn____l t____l br____n f___l ag____n II. Listen and circle the words you hear. maid/mad pan/pain lad/laid ran/rain III. Flash Card ay 1. Chant /ei/, /ei/ today /ei/, /ei/ go away /ei/, /ei/ I can’t pay for the subway. 2. Words with the vowel pair ay pronouncing /ei/ in every unit of Book 6: subway today pay 3. Phonics st-ay—stay m-ay—may p-ay—pay d-ay—day s-u-b-w-ay—subway **Chant: May, May, May! Stay, stay, stay! May will stay with Kay all day. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair ay and read the words. s_____ pl_____ h_____ J_____ r_____ cl_____ w______ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. plain/play hay/hi clown/clay why/way die/day my/may III. Flash Card ea 1. Chant /i:/, /i:/ eat /i:/, /i:/ seat /i:/, /i:/ Please teach me how to read 2. Words with the vowel pair ea pronouncing /i:/ in every unit of Book 6: feature sea breathe 3. Phonics ea-d—ead r-ead—read b-ead—bead l-ead—lead ea-t—eat m-eat—meat h-eat—heat tr-eat—treat t-ea—tea s-ea—sea f-ea-t-ure—feature br-ea-the—breathe **Chant: He has a feature you can see, he can breathe in the sea. 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair ea and read the words. _____ch m_____t l_____n r_____l p_____ fl_____ b_____d h_____t cl_____n b_____n m_____l s_____l II. Listen and circle the words you hear. bed/bead ben/bean red/read meet/met hot/heat fly/flea sail/seal mail/meal lain/lean pay/pea III. Flash Card ea 1. Chant /e/, /e/ head /e/, /e/ dead /e/,/e/ Have bread for breakfast instead 2. Words with the vowel pair ea pronouncing /e/ in every unit of Book 6: breath 3. Phonics ea-d—ead h-ead d-ead—dead in-st-ead—instead f-ea-th-er—feather m-ea-sure—measure pl-ea-sure—pleasure pl-ea-s-ant---pleasant br-ea-th—breath **Chant: Look at the feathers, I’m out of breath. 4. Exercise I. Write letter u and read the words. II. Listen and circle the words you hear. III. Flash Card ee 1. Chant /i:/, /i:/ bee /i:/, /i:/ tree /i:/, /i:/ It’s only a sheep, can’t you see? 2. Words with the vowel pair ee pronouncing /i:/ in every unit of Book 6: street see deep feel week 3. Phonics ee-d—eed d-eed—deed n-eed—need **Chant: Deed, deed, deed! Need, need, need! A friend in need is a friend indeed. ee-p—p d-eep—deep j-eep—jeep **Chant: This week, I feel the street is deep. (Haha) 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair ee and read the words. sh_____p sw____t sl____p j____p m____t d_____p f___l f____t b___f s_____d coff_____ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. fail/feel feed/fed sweat/sweet tree/treat III. Flash Card oa 1. Chant / ??/,/ ??/ coat / ??/,/ ??/ road / ??/,/ ??/ Take the goat to the boat. 2. Words with the vowel pair oa pronouncing / ??/ in every unit of Book 6: coach goal 3. Phonics g-oa-l—goal c-oa-ch—coach **Chant: Goal, goal, goal! The coach says, “Reach your goal!” 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair oa and read the words. g____t c____t r____d s____p t____st l____f b____t l____d II. Listen and circle the words you hear. cold/coat read/road goat/got soup/soap bait/boat lord/load III. Flash Card oi/oy 1. Chant /?i/,/?i/, /?i/ boy, /?i/,/?i/, /?i/ coin, /?i/,/?i/, /?i/ Let’s join and play with the toy. 2. Words with the vowel pair oi/oy pronouncing /?i/ in every unit of Book 6: join 3. Phonics b-oy—boy p-oi-nt—point oi-l—oil 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair oi/oy and read the words. j___n t____ v____ce j_____ c____n b____l II. Listen and circle the words you hear. boy/boil top/toy voice/vice joy/jog must/moist join/joy III. Flash Card aw 1. Chant /?:/, /?:/, /?:/ awful /?:/, /?:/, /?:/ saw /?:/, /?:/, /?:/ He can draw a big claw. 2. Words with the vowel pair aw pronouncing /?:/ in every unit of Book 6: None 3. Phonics aw-ful—awful cr-awl—crawl s-aw—saw str-aw—straw 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair aw and read the words. dr_____ l_____yer str_____berry y_____n _____ful cr____l p_____ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. pool/paw see/saw street/straw drew/draw low/law III. Flash Card -air- 1. Chant /e?/,/e?/,/e?/ fair, /e?/,/e?/,/e?/ pair, /e?/,/e?/,/e?/ He sat on the chair and cut his hair. 2. Words with the vowel pair –air- pronouncing /e?/ in every unit of Book 6: None 3. Phonics ch-air—chair f-air—fair h-air—hair 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair –air- and read the words. upst____s downst_____s h____cut p______ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. pair/peer hair/here fair/fear III. Flash Card -ear- -----/i?/ 1. Chant /i?/,/i?/,/i?/ ear, /i?/,/i?/,/i?/ dear, /i?/,/i?/,/i?/ I can hear, it’s clear. 2. Words with the vowel pair –ear- pronouncing /i?/ in every unit of Book 6: hear 3. Phonics y-ear—year d-ear—dear h-ear—hear 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair –ear- and read the words. d______ cl_______ h_______ n______ f_____ t_____ g______ app_____ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. hair/hear dare/dear year/yawl clear/clean fear/fair III. Flash Card igh 1. Chant /ai/,/ai/ light /ai/, /ai/ bright /ai/, /ai/ The light might be bright tonight. 2. Words with the pair igh pronouncing /ai/ in every unit of Book 6: right tonight 3. Phonics igh-t—ight n-ight—night t-o-n-ight—tonight r-ight—right br-igh-t—bright **Chant: Left, left, right, right, go, go, go! 4. Exercise I. Write the pair igh and read the words. l_____t h______ m______t br_____t he____t II. Listen and circle the words you hear. lit/light hay/high may/might brat/bright III. Flash Card igh 1. Chant /ei/,/ei/ straight /ei/, /ei/ eight /ei/, /ei/ Go straight, until you get eight. 2. Words with the pair igh pronouncing /ei/ in every unit of Book 6: straight 3. Phonics igh-t—ight e-ight—eight w-eight—weight 4. Exercise I. Write the pair igh and read the words. e_____t we______ stra______t II. Listen and circle the words you hear. weigh/weight street/straight height/eight III. Flash Card ? -ear- -----/e?/ 1. Chant /e?/, /e?/, /e?/ pear, /e?/, /e?/, /e?/ bear, /e?/,/e?/,/e?/ I swear it can wear. 2. Words with the vowel pair –ear- pronouncing /e?/ in every unit of Book 6: wear 3. Phonics p-ear---pear b-ear—bear sw-ear—swear 4. Exercise I. Write the vowel pair –ear- and read the words. p______ b______ sw______ w______ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. bear/beer peer/pear swear/swore wear/wore III. Flash Card The split vowel pair a-e 1. Chant /ei/, /ei/ take /ei/, /ei/ cake /ei/, /ei/ He gave me a cake he couldn’t take. 2. Words with the split vowel pair a-e pronouncing /ei/ in every unit of Book 6: plane take space amaze cake chase name gave 3. Phonics a-e~k—ake /eik/ s-ake—sake t-ake—take c-ake—cake a-e~s—ase /eis/ ch-ase—chase a-e~z—aze /eiz/ a-m-aze—amaze a-e~c—ace /eis/ sp-ace—space a-e~n—ane /ein/ pl-ane—plane J-ane—Jane a-e~m—ame /eim/ n-ame—name a-e~v—ave /eiv/ g-ave—gave **Chant: Her name is Jane. She goes to space by plane. Look, she is chasing. It’s too amazing. 4. Exercise I. Write the split vowel pair a-e and read the words. w___v____ c___k___ c___v___ b___k___ l___k___ g___m___ sh___m___ d___t___ l___t___ h___t___ f___t___ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. at/ate fat/fate can/cane plan/plane hat/hate Sam/same man/mane rat/rate III. Flash Card ? e-e 1. Chant /i:/, /i:/ Chinese /i:/, /i:/ Japanese /i:/, /i:/ I’m a Chinese, you’re a Japanese 2. Words with the split vowel pair e-e pronouncing /i:/ in every unit of Book 6: Chinese Japanese these 3. Phonics e-e~s—ese Ch-i-n-ese—Chinese J-a-p-an-ese—Japanese th-ese—these e-e~v—eve **Chant: Whose are these? They belong to us Chinese. 4. Exercise I. Write the split vowel pair e-e and read the words. P__t__ th__s__ Chin__s__ Japan__s__ __v__ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. pet/Pete egg/eve chess/Chinese those/these III. Flash Card i-e 1. Chant /ai/, /ai/ ice /ai/, /ai/ rice /ai/, /ai/ Look at the price, I can buy some mice. 2. Words with the split vowel pair i-e pronouncing /ai/ in every unit of Book 6: mice price hike 3. Phonics i-e~c—ice /ais/ pr-ice—price r-ice—rice i-e~d—ide /aid/ w-ide—wide h-ide—hide i-e~k—ike /aik/ h-ike--hike b-ike—bike i-e~t—ite /ait/ wh-ite—white b-ite—bite i-e~n—ine /ain/ w-ine—wine v-ine—vine f-ine—fine **Chant: Here’s Mike, he goes to hike without a bike. 4. Exercise I. Write the split vowel pair i-e and read the words. r___d____ h___d___ b___t___ kn___f___ w___f___ l___f___ M___k___ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. bit/bite fin/fine kit/kite win/wine sit/site pin/pine III. Flash Card o-e 1. Chant /?u/, /?u/ home /?u/, /?u/ dome /?u/, /?u/ Every road leads to Rome. 2. Words with the split vowel pair o-e pronouncing /?u/ in every unit of Book 6: 没有 3. Phonics o-e~s—ose /?us/ r-ose—rose n-ose—nose o-e~k—oke /?uk/ j-oke—joke c-oke—coke o-e~l—ole /?ul/ h-ole—hole o-e~m—ome /?um/ h-ome—home R-ome—Rome **Chant: Put a rose on your nose and make a pose. 4. Exercise I. Write the split vowel pair o-e and read the words. sm__k__ w__k__ j__k__ h__le m__l__ p__s__ h__m__ d__m__ t__m__ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. hop/hope wok/woke Tom/home rob/robe hot/hole mom/Rome ride/rode III. Flash Card u-e 1. Chant /ju:/, /ju:/ muse /ju:/, /ju:/ Luse (a name) /ju:/, /ju:/ They give me a fuse to use. 2. Words with the split vowel pair u-e pronouncing /ju:/ in every unit of Book 6: use cute 3. Phonics u-e~s—use /ju:s/ f-use—fuse u-e~t—ute /ju:t/ c-ute—cute m-ute—mute **Chant: They are cute, when they are mute. 4. Exercise I. Write the split vowel pair u-e and read the words. m__t__ c__t___ II. Listen and circle the words you hear. us/use nut/nute cut/cute fuss/fuse duck/duke III. Flash Card The Consonants B 1. Chant -- Blue bird, blue bird, what do you say. --I say B /b/, --/b/, /b/, /b/, /b/, /b/,/b/, /b/. Blue, blue bird. 2. Words with the consonant B pronouncing /b/ in every unit of Book 6: bad bookstore breath bus businessman by Canberra club hobby subway 3. Phonics b-a-d—bad b-u-s—bus b-oo-k—book b-y—by b-oo-k-st-ore—bookstore br-ea-th—breath bu-si-ness-man—businessman Can-be-rra—Canberra ho-bby—hobby ? C 1. Chant --Candy cat, candy cat, what do you say? --I say C /k/, --/k/, /k/, /k/, /k/, /k/, /k/, /k/. Candy, candy cat. 2. Words with the consonant C pronouncing /k/ in every unit of Book 6: Canberra club coach comic count country crossing factory mooncake secretary 3. Phonics cl-u-b—club c-oa—ch—coach co-mic—comic c-oun-t—count cr-o-ssing—crossing Can-be-rra—Canberra fac-to-ry—factory m-oo-n-c-ake—mooncake ***If the letter C meets litter i, e, y, letter C pronounces /s/ Phonics: ci-ne-ma—cinema m-ice—mice bi-cy-cle—bicycleD 1. Chant Dolly Duck, Dolly Duck, what do you say? I say D /d/, --/d/, /d/, /d/, /d/, /d/,/d/, /d/. Dolly, dolly Duck. 2. Words with the consonant D pronouncing /d/ in every unit of Book 6: deep dictionary down idea bad afraid middle mud postcard sad sled study 3. Phonics d-ee-p—deep d-ow-n—down dic-tiona-ry—dictionary i-dea—idea b-a-d—bad a-frai-d—afraid mi-ddle—middle m-u-d—mudF 1. Chant Funny Fish, funny Fish, what do you say? I say F /f/, --/f/, /f/, /f/, /f/, /f/,/f/, /f/. Funny, funny Fish. 2. Words with the consonant F pronouncing /f/ in every unit of Book 6: Factory far fast feature feel ferry film fisherman follow half left officer traffic 3. Phonics f-ar—far fa-st—fast f-ee-l—feel fe-rry—ferry fi-lm—film fo-llow—follow fea-ture—feature fi-sher-man—fisherman fac-to-ry—factory h-al-f—half l-e-ft—left G 1. Chant Green, green grass, Green, green grass. G says /g/,--/g/,/g/,/g/,/g/,/g/,/g/,/g/. Green, green grass. 2. Words with the consonant G pronouncing /g/ in every unit of Book 6: gave Germany get goal grass angry together 3. Phonics g-ave—gave g-e-t—get g-oa-l—goal gr-a-ss—grass Ger-ma-ny—Germany an-gry—angry ? ***If the letter G meets litter i, e, y, letter G pronounces /d?/ (expect “get”) Phonics: Ger-ma-ny—Germany g-y-m—gym H 1. Chant Honey hen, honey hen. Honey, honey hen. H says /h/,/h/,--/h/,/h/,/h/,/h/, /h/, h/, /h/. Honey honey hen. 2. Words with the consonant H pronouncing /h/ in every unit of Book 6: half happy head hear helmet hiking hobby hospital hurt 3. Phonics h-al-f—half h-ur-t—hurt h-ea-d—head h-ear—hear ha-ppy—happy ho-bby—hobby hel-met—helmet hi-king—hiking hos-pi-tal—hospital J 1. Chant Jumpy Jack, Jumpy Jack. Jump, jump, jump. J says /d?/,/d?/--/d?/,/d?/,/d?/,/d?/,/d?/,/d?/,/d?/. Jump, jump Jack. 2. Words with the consonant J pronouncing /d?/ in every unit of Book 6: jasmine join 3. Phonics j-oi-n—join jas-mi-ne—jasmine K 1. Chant Kick, kick, kick! Kangaroos kick! K says /k/, /k/--/k/,/k/,/k/,/k/,/k/,/k/,/k/. Kick, kick, kick! 2. Words with the consonant k pronouncing /k/ in every unit of Book 6: supermarket take 3. Phonics k-i-ck—kick ? L 1. Chant Lazy, lion, lazy lion. What do you say? I say L /l/,--/l/,/l/,/l/,/l/,/l/,/l/,/l/. Lazy, lazy lion. 2. Words with the consonant L pronouncing /l/ in every unit of Book 6: left lesson Alaska club early feel film follow goal helmet hospital ill Italian pal pilot plane police pull puzzle shall sled slow tell travel 3. Phonics l-e-ft—left le-sson—lesson M 1. Chant Miss Mouse, Mouse lives in this house. M says /m/,/m/,--/m/,/m/,/m/,/m/,/m/,/m/,/m/. Miss Mouse, Mouse. 2. Words with the consonant M pronouncing /m/ in every unit of Book 6: mice middle moon mooncake more mud Munich museum must amazing businessman cinema comic film fisherman Germany gym helmet jasmine poem postman supermarket tomorrow 3. Phonics m-ice—mice mi-ddle—middle m-oo-n—moon m-oo-n-c-ake—mooncake m-ore—more m-u-d—mud Mu-nich—Munich mu-seum—museum m-u-st—mustN 1. Chant No, no, no nobody knows. N says /n/,/n/,--/n/,/n/,/n/,/n/,/n/,/n/,/n/. No, no, no. 2. Words with the consonant N pronouncing /n/ in every unit of Book 6: next ant businessman Canberra cinema count country dictionary down evening Germany jasmine join Italian moon mooncake Munich pen plane restaurant science scientist tonight train turn 3. Phonics n-e-xt—next P 1. Chant Puppy, puppy. Pet my puppy. P says /p/, /p/,--/p/,/p/,/p/,/p/,/p/,/p/,/p/. Puppy, puppy, puppy. 2. Words with the consonant P pronouncing /p/ in every unit of Book 6: pay pen pal pilot pizza plane poem police postcard postman price pull puzzle deep happy hospital ship space stop trip type reporter 3. Phonics p-ay—pay p-e-n—pen p-a-l—pal pi-lot—pilot pi-zza—pizza pl-ane—plane p-oe-m—poem po-lice—police po-st-card—postcard po-st-man—postman pr-ice—price p-u-ll—pull pu-zzle—puzzle R 1. Chant Rainbow Rabbit, run, run, run. R says /r/,/r/--/r/,/r/,/r/,/r/,/r/,/r/,/r/. Run! Rabbit, run! 2. Words with the consonant R pronouncing /r/ in every unit of Book 6: reporter restaurant right secretary tomorrow 3. Phonics re-por-ter—reporter rest-au-rant—restaurant r-ight—right ? S 1. Chant Silly Snake, silly snake. Sleep, sleep, sleep. S says /s/,/s/--/s/,/s/,/s/,/s/,/s/,/s/,/s/. Silly, silly snake. 2. Words with the consonant S pronouncing /s/ in every unit of Book 6: sad science scientist Scotland sea secretary see shall share ship should sir sit sled slow space stay stop straight street stuck study subway superman Alaska ask bus bookstore chase crossing fast hospital interesting lesson must post restaurant university 3. Phonics s-a-d—sad s-ir—sir s-ee—see s-ea—sea sl-e-d—sled sl-ow—slow st-ay—stay st-op—stop sh-i-p—ship sp-ace—space sh-all—shall sh-are—share str-ee-t—street st-u-ck—stuck st-u-dy—study sub-way—subway su-per-man—superman sh-ould—should sci-en-ce—science sci-en-tist—scientist str-aight—straight Scot-land—Scotland se-cre-tary—secretaryT 1. Chant Tiny Turtle, Tiny turtle. What do you say? I say T /t/---/t/,/t/,/t/,/t/,/t/,/t/,/t/. Tiny, tiny turtle. 2. Words with the consonant T pronouncing /t/ in every unit of Book 6: take train taxi tell together tomorrow tonight traffic travel trip turn type post hospital left right interesting Italian restaurant get foot helmet must attention fast Scotland visit supermarket next get scientist pilot university reporter count hurt sit ant 3. Phonics t-ake—take tr-ip—trip t-ur-n—turn ty-pe—type tr-ain—train ta-xi—taxi t-ell—tell to-n-ight—tonight tra-ffic—traffic tra-vel—travel to-get-ther—together to-mo-rrow—tomorrow V 1. Chant Van, van, van. A very big van. V says /v/,/v/,/v/,/v/,/v/,/v/,/v/. Van, van, van. 2. Words with the consonant V pronouncing /v/ in every unit of Book 6: visit travel university 3. Phonics vi-sit—visit W 1. Chant Where is the witch? Where is the witch? W says /w/, /w/,/w/,/w/,/w/,/w/,/w/. Witch, witch, witch. 2. Words with the consonant W pronouncing /w/ in every unit of Book 6: wear well word worker worried worry wrong ? 3. Phonics w-ear—wear w-ell—well w-or-d—word w-or-ker—worker wo-rried—worried wo-rry—worry wr-ong—wrong X 1. Chant Box, box, box. Fox, fox, fox. X says /ks/, /ks/,/ks/,/ks/,/ks/,/ks/,/ks/. Ox, ox, ox 2. Words with the consonant X pronouncing /ks/ in every unit of Book 6: six 3. Phonics s-i-x—six Y 1. Chant Yum, yum, yum! Yellow, yellow, yellow. Y says /j/,/j/,/j/,/j/,/j/,/j/,/j/. Yum, yum, yum! 2. Words with the consonant Y pronouncing /j/ in every unit of Book 6: yellow 3. Phonics ye-llow—yellow ? Other pronunciations of Letter Y in the words (I) Y 1. Chant Don’t worry! Don’t be angry! Y says /i/,/i/--/i/,/i/,/i/. Hobby, hobby, hobby! Happy, happy, happy! 2. Words with the consonant Y pronouncing /i/ in every unit of Book 6: hobby, ferry, happy, Germany, early, dictionary, factory, country, university, quickly, secretary, angry, worry, gym 3. Phonics ho-bby—hobby fe-rry—ferry ha-ppy—happy Ger-ma-ny—Germany ear-ly—early dic-tion-ry—dictioanry fac-to-ry—factory coun-try—country u-ni-ver-si-ty—university quick-ly—quickly se-cre-tary—secretary ang-ry—angry wo-rry—worry g-y-m—gym **Chant: The secretary will get up early and ferry to the factory quickly. Y 1. Chant Why, why, why! My, my, my! Y says /ai/,/ai/,/ai/,/ai/,/ai/. Y is in the sky! Let’s type and stand by! 2. Words with the consonant Y pronouncing /ai/ in every unit of Book 6 ： type by Z 1. Chant Zebra, zebra. How do you do? Z says /z/, /z/,/z/,/z/,/z/,/z/,/z/. Zoo, zoo, zoo! 2. Words with the consonant Z pronouncing /z/ in every unit of Book 6: zoo 3. Phonics z-oo—zoo Consonant Blends ? “l” blends: bl- cl- fl- gl- pl- bl-: Black, black, black; blink, blink, blink. /bl/,/bl/,/bl/,/bl/,/bl/,/bl/,/bl/ cl-: Clock, clock, clock; clap, clap, clap. /kl/, /kl/,/kl/,/kl/,/kl/,/kl/,/kl/ fl-: Flip, flip, flip! flop, flop, flop! We flip and flop! gl-: Class, class, class! Glass, glass, glass! I watch my class, they clean the glass. pl-: Plan, plan, plan! Plane, plane, plane! I have a plan for the plane. Exercise: Circle the words you hear. block/clock flag/plat class/glass plum/blame “r” blends: br- cr- dr- fr- gr- tr- br-: Brush, brush, brush! Bring, bring, bring! /br/,/br/,/br/,/br/,/br/,/br/,/br/ cr-: Crab, crab, crab! Crop, crop, crop! /kr/,/kr/,/kr/,/kr/,/kr/,/kr/,/kr/ dr-: Drip, drip, drip! Drop, drop, drop! Drip, drop! Drip, drop! Drip! Drip! Drip! fr-: Fred, Fred, Fred! Frog, frog, frog! Fred likes the frog. gr-: Grass, grass, grass! See the happy frogs, jump over the green, green grass. tr-: Trap, trap, trap! Trip, trip, trip! A trap to trip the fox! Exercise: Circle the words you hear. block/brock frog/flog dress/press clown/crown fly/fry grass/crass “s” blends: sk- sl- st- sp- sw- -sk -sp -st sk-: Skip, skip, skip! Skin, skin, skin. /sk/, /sk/,/sk/,/sk/,/sk/,/sk/,/sk/ sl-: Sled, sled, sled! Slip, slip, slip. /sl/, /sl/,/sl/,/sl/,/sl/,/sl/,/sl/ sp-: Spell, spell, spell! Spin, spin, spin! Stan can spell the word “spin”. st-: Step, step, step! Stop, stop, stop! One step, two steps, three steps, forward! One step, two steps, three steps, stop! sw-: Swim, swim, swim! Swing, swing, swing. They are so swell! -sk Where is my mask? I have to ask! -sp I gasp and want to rasp. -st He is fast, he is the best. Exercise: Circle the words you hear. spot/slot swim/stim stand/sland sping/swing spick/stick ? “-nk” blend I go to the bank. I want to find my ink! /?k/,/?k/,/?k/! ? “qu-” blend Quick, quick, quick! Quiz, quiz, quiz! It is a quick quiz! /kw/, /kw/,/kw/! Consonant Digraph “sh” sh- Ship, ship, ship! Shop, shop, shop! Go to shop in a ship! /?/, /?/, /?/, /?/, /?/, /?/, /?/ -sh -ash Cash, cash, cash! Dash, dash, dash! Hurry! Dash to get some cash! -ish Fish, fish, fish! Dish, dish, dish! A fish in a dish! It is a wish! -ush Hush, hush, hush! Rush, rush, rush! Hush! Don’t rush! Consonant Digraph “ch”/ “tch” -ch/-tch Bench, bench, bench! Church, church, church! /t?/, /t?/, /t?/! Catch, catch, catch! Watch, watch, watch! /t?/, /t?/, /t?/,/t?/, /t?/, /t?/, /t?/! ch- Chick, chick, chick! Chip, chip, chip! Chick, chip! Chip, chick! Which do you like? Consonant Digraph “th-”(voiced/voiceless) “-th”(voiceless) -th (voiceless) Math, bath! /θ/, /θ/, /θ/! Path, beth! /θ/, /θ/, /θ/! Beth, Beth, Beth! Bath, bath, bath! Beth likes to take a bath! Beth doesn’t like math! th- (voiceless) Think, think, think! Thick, thick, thick! It’s too thick! Let me think! /θ/, /θ/, /θ/! th-(voiced) This is my father! This is my mother! We are always together! /e/,/e/,/e/! Consonant Digraph “wh-” What, what, what! Where, where, where! /w/, /w/, /w/ ? Consonant Digraph “ph-” Photo, photo, photo! Phonics, Phonics, Phonics! Take a photo of Phonics! /f/, /f/,/f/! ? Consonant Digraph “-ck” The duck has a long neck. He likes to kick. /k/, /k/,/k/! Consonant Digraph “-ng” He is a king, he has a ring. It rings bang, bang, bang! /?/, /?/, /?/! Consonant Digraph “kn-” Knock, knock, knock! Knot, knot, knot! I don’t know how to knot! /n/, /n/,/n/! ? Consonant Digraph “wr-” He is a writer, he likes to write! /r/, /r/, /r/!