Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars名词性从句 课件

课件27张PPT。名词性从句请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句What I want to do is taking a bath.
The news that they won the game spread the whole school.
I don’t think he is an honest boy.
The fact is that he stole the car.
Do you know the fact that he stole the car?
Do you know the man who is standing over there?
It is said that they won the game.
(主从)(同位语从句)(宾从)(表从)(同位语从句)(定从)(主从)主语从句在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。他星期三来这里是肯定的。 That he will come here on Wednesday is certain.注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，都要加上从属连词that他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.注意：主语从句表示“是否” 只用“whether” 而不用“if”主语从句主语从句有时用“it”作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。It is known to us that he will come here.用it形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配：It + be + 形容词 ＋ that从句It is necessary that… 有必要…
It is important that …. 重要的是…
It is obvious that…… 很明显……It + be + -ed分词 ＋ that从句It is believed that… 人们相信…
It is known to us/all that …. 众所周知…
It has been decided that…… 已经决定……It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句It is common knowledge that… …是常识
It is a surprise that …. 令人惊奇的是…
It is a fact that…… 事实是……It + 不及物动词 ＋ that从句It appears /seemsthat… 似乎…
It happens that …. 碰巧…
It occurred to me that…… 我突然想起……表语从句在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be动词后面)叫做表语从句。一般放在连系动词之后.作用：对主语进行解释说明。我们的目的是他能认识到错误。Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。问题是它是否值得做The question is whether it is worth doing注意：表语从句表示“是否” 只用“whether” 而不用“if”一般情况下，“that”不能省。
It is /was because ….
It is /was why….
3. The reason (why…/for…)is /was that….
4 The reason is because /why…that ….1. That’s ___ the Party called on us to do.
A. why B. what C. how D. that
2. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because B. why C. that D. Whether
3 .That is ___ they separated.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
4.Jane is no longer ___ she was four years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. when 试区分以下句子Is this museum what you visited?Is this the museum that you visited?Is this museum the one that you visited?注意：这种句子考试时一定要记住这句话：名词前（尤其是单数可数名词前）一定要有限定词。然后把句子变换成陈述句，接着判断句子是属于哪种从句再完成。(表从)(定从)(定从)宾语从句在句中充当及物动词或介词宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。我不知道你会来这里I don’t know （that） you will come here注意：that在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常常被省去注意：在宾语从句中，表示“是否”既可以用whether,也可以用if.
但是，whether常与or not连用；可与不定式连用。
作介词宾语只用whether; 从句是否定句时一般用if。宾语从句中的否定转移我认为他不会来这里I think he won’t come here. ( )
I don’t think he will come here. ( )注意：如果宾语从句是由think, believe, imagine, suppose等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。宾语从句中用it作形式宾语We think it our duty that we should help others.
I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.注意：宾语从句中动词宾语从句中用it作形式宾语We think it our duty that we should help others.
I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。同位语从句在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般放在如idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth等含有丰富内涵的词语后面，用来说明前面那个词的具体内容。一般说来，同位语从句都用that来作连接词，而且不能省略。也可用how, when, where等。他给了她一个承诺，他会在两个月后回来。He gave her a promise that he would come back after two months.试区分以下句子Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the fact that they were talking about?注意：1. 如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用。
2. 定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内容。(同从)(定从)注意：
名词性从句的难点在于其句型结构不同，
所使用的连词比较复杂。因此,如何确定正确
的连词是突破名词性从句的关键。解决这一
问题可以从以下几点入手：⑴ 依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。所谓“缺什么补什么”是指句型结构与连词之间的关系。如果句子中缺主语，指人用who，指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；原因状语用why；方式状语用how；定语用what或which；什么都不缺用that。
I know what he is talking about.（缺宾语指物）我知道他正在谈论什么。
I’m sure that he will come tomorrow.（什么都不缺）我确信明天他会来。
Where he will go is unknown.（缺地点状语）他要去哪儿还不知道。
I don’t know which book I should choose.（缺定语）我不知道应该选哪本书。⑵ 注意几组易混连词whether与if；that与what的使用：
引导主语、表语、同位语从句时关联词只用whether不用if 表“是否”。引导宾语从句时whether, if均可。
The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 问题是这部电影是否值得看。
Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet. 是否我们要参加这次会议仍未被决定。
We don’t know whether/if she is ready. 我们不知道她是否准备好了。
that引导从句时不做成分，无意义；而what在从句中充当成分，有意义。
What he says is important. 他所说的很重要。
That light travels faster than the sound is a fact. 光传播速度比声音快是个事实。1. No one can be sure ____ in a million years.
A. what man will look like B. what will man look like
C. man will look like what D. what look will man like
2. Do you know ____ he’s getting along well with his English?
A. how B. that C. what D. which
3. The reason why he didn’t come to the party is ____ he was ill.
A. because B. why C. that D. when
4. Go and get your coat. It’s ____ you left it.
A. there B. where C. there where D. where there巩固练习：ABCB5. _____ more countries can use natural energy in future ____ to be seen.
Whether; remains B. What ; remains
C. Who ; remained D. If ; remains
6.___ she couldn’t understand was ___fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that
7.___surprises me most is that she doesn’t even know ____ the difference between the two lies.
What; where B. What; what
C. That; where D. That; what
8. ____ is not yet decided ____ the test will be given.
That; when B. It; who
C. That; who D. It; when AAAD9. It was known to all that William had broken his promise ____ he would give us a rise.
A. which B. why C. that D. whether
10. Word has come ____ some British guests will come for a visit to our company next month.
A. what B. that C. whether D. whenCB11. It makes no difference ___ you will go today
or tomorrow.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
12. _____ should be sent to work there?
A. Who do you suggest
B. Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest who should
D. Do you suggest whom should
12. There will be a special price for ____ buys things in large number here.
A. who B. whom C. whoever D. Whomever
13. Mary wrote an article on ____ the team had failed to win the game .
why B. what C. who D. that
14.The poor young man is ready to accept __ help he can get.
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D.whenever16. She received the message ___ he would come by plane.
A. that B. which C. what D. when
17. Energy is ___ makes things work.
A. what B. something C. anything D. that
18.Our city has changed a lot ,and now it is quite different from __ a few years ago.
A. what it used to be B. that it used to be
C.which it used to be D. what was it19. We all know the truth ___ there are air ,water and sunlight,there are living things.
A. wherever B. where C. that D. that wherever
20.The true value of life is not in ___ , but____.
A. how you get ;that you give
B.which you get;what you give
C.what you get ;what you give
D. what do you get ;what do you give
21.___ is a fact that English is being accepted as
an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. ItGoodbye