Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications Grammar构词法和冠词课件（35张 ）
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| 名称 | Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications Grammar构词法和冠词课件（35张 ） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2018-07-20 09:51:47 | ||
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课件35张PPT。Module 6
The Internet and TelecommunicationsGrammar 1 Compound words合成名词常见的构成方法1) n. + n.pen friend, classroom, newspaper, water-bottle2) adj. + n.green house, blackboard, highway, long-jump3) v-ing + n.waiting-room, swimming pool, washing machine, dining room, writing desk, sleeping pills4) v. + n.pick-pocket, speak box5) n. + v-inghand-writing, sun-bathing6) v. + adv.warm-up, make-up, break-in, get-together7) adv. + n.overcoat, by-stander, outbreak8）其他go-between, forget-me-not, good-for-nothing复合形容词的常见构成方法1) adj. +n. + edcold-blooded, warm-hearted,
short-sighted, old-fashioned2) adj. + v-inggood-looking, easy-going, long-lasting3) adv. + v-inghard-working, well-meaning,
far-reaching4) n. + v-ingEnglish-speaking, peace-loving, heart-breaking5) n. + v-edman-made, state-owned, heart-felt, heartbroken 6) adv. + v-edwell-known, wide-spread7) adj. + v-edwarm-hearted, ready-made8) n. + adj.self-satisfied, duty-free Look at Activity 2 in the textbook. Make compound words.POSSIBLE ANSWER:Grammar 2 The definite article and zero article定冠词the的用法1. 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物The book on the desk is mine.She is the girl who won the prize.2. 指上文已出现过或者说话者刚才谈及的人或事物An old man lived in a small house near a forest. One day the old man left the house and went into the forest to gather wood.3. 表示世界上独一无二的事物 The sun is bigger than the moon.4. 用于单数可数名词或形容词前, 表示一类人或事物的整体Take care of the wounded and the old.5. 可以和某些集合名词连用,表示整个民族、阶级、阶层等The English have a wonderful sense of humor.The Chinese people are the greatest in the world.6. 船只、旅馆、 剧院、 建筑 以及某些著作、 乐曲、 报刊等的名词前常加定冠词The People's Daily is read through out the whole nation.7. 用于江、 河、 海洋、 山脉、 群岛、 海峡、海湾等专有名称前the Yellow River, the English channel, the Taiwan Straits, the Indian Ocean, the Philippines8. 用于姓的复数前, 指全家或全家一些人the Zhangs, the Smiths, the Whites 9. 由普通名词构成的专有名词(某些国名、政治组织、 机构、学校、 建筑、 报刊杂志等) 很多要加定冠词1) 某些国名及政治组织名称the United States, the United Nations, the House of Commons2) 某些学校、机构及建筑等名称the British Museum, the Midland Bank3) 某些报刊杂志的名称the New Times, the Washington Post, the Daily News零冠词的用法1. 一些专有名词前如国名、人名前通常不用定冠词England, Mary, China2. 泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词Women live longer than men in most countries.3. 抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词Failure is the mother of success.Life is short, art is long. 4. 物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词Man cannot live without water.You can’t mix oil with water.5. 在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词We go to school from Monday to Friday. Leaves turn yellow in autumn.6. 在称呼, 身份, 职业, 或表示官衔, 职位的名词前不加冠词The guards took the American to General
Lee. Now he is manager of a bank.7. 在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词What would you like for breakfast, sir?8. 当by 与火车、 轮船、 飞机等交通工具连用表示一种方式时，中间无冠词 I went to Shanghai by air.9. 有些抽象化的个体名词前一般不用冠词，如: school, college, prison, sea, market, hospital, bed, table, class, town, church, court, work, university等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义go to hospital 去医院看病
go to the hospital 去医院 (并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)10. 在daybreak, dawn, noon, midnight,
night, sunset, sunrise这类事件名词前都
不加冠词He used to wake up at daybreak every day.11. 下面这类名词前通常不加冠词大多数街名, 广场名(Times Square), 车站, 机场,公园, 桥梁名(London Bridge), 大学名(Yale University), 节日名(National Day, New Year’s Day), 多数杂志名 (Times, Reader’s Digest)12. 很多情况下, 是否要加冠词, 常常是一个习惯用法问题, 特别是在一些固定的词组中, 有时是说不出的道理in town in the city 在城里
catch cold have a cold 感冒了
at a distance 在一定距离外
in the distance 在远处Beyond ______ stars the astronaut saw nothing but ______ space.
A. the, 不填???? B. 不填，the?????
C. 不填，不填???? D. the, the
A。太空中的星体或世界上独一无二的东西前应加定冠词。space作“宇宙空间”解时，也是抽象名词，通常不加冠词。2. Many people are still in ____ habit of
writing silly things in ____ public
places.
A. the, the??? B. 不填, 不填???
C. the, 不填???? D. 不填, the
C。in the habit of是习惯用语，正如in the morning, on the other hand一样，其中的定冠词不可或缺。public places是复数名词短语，表示泛指概念，其前面不必用定冠词。3. —Do you know ___ lady in blue?
—Yes. She is a teacher of a university.
A. the??? B. a???
C. an???? D. 不填
A。考查the 表示特指的用法。根据题意知道是特指“穿蓝色衣服的那个女士”。4. After watching ____ TV, she played
_____ violin for an hour.
A. 不填，不填????? B. the, the????
C. the, 不填??? D. 不填，the???
D。watch TV是习惯搭配，不必用冠词。表 示乐器的名词前应用定冠词。 5. She is _____ newcomer to ____ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries.
A. the, the???? B. the, 不填????
C. a, 不填???? D. a, the??
C。newcomer是单数可数名词，泛指某类人中的一个，要用不定冠词。抽象名词或学科名称前不加任何冠词，chemistry是表示学科的抽象名词，因此前面不加the。 （全国高考I，22）Sarah looked at _____ finished painting with _____ satisfaction.
A. /; a B. a; the
C. the; / D. the; a C（重庆高考，24）Sam has been appointed _____ manager of the engineering department to take _____ place of George.
A. /; / B. the; /
C. the; the D. /; theD（江西高考，21）The Smiths don’t usually like staying at _____ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _____ sea.
A. /; a B. the; the
C. /; the D. the; aC（四川高考，18） We are said to be living in _____ Information Age, _____ time of new discoveries and great changes.
A. an; the B. /; the
C. /; a D. the; aD（辽宁高考，21）I woke up with _____ bad headache, yet by _____ evening the pain had gone.
A. the; the B. the; an
C. a; the D. a; anC
The Internet and TelecommunicationsGrammar 1 Compound words合成名词常见的构成方法1) n. + n.pen friend, classroom, newspaper, water-bottle2) adj. + n.green house, blackboard, highway, long-jump3) v-ing + n.waiting-room, swimming pool, washing machine, dining room, writing desk, sleeping pills4) v. + n.pick-pocket, speak box5) n. + v-inghand-writing, sun-bathing6) v. + adv.warm-up, make-up, break-in, get-together7) adv. + n.overcoat, by-stander, outbreak8）其他go-between, forget-me-not, good-for-nothing复合形容词的常见构成方法1) adj. +n. + edcold-blooded, warm-hearted,
short-sighted, old-fashioned2) adj. + v-inggood-looking, easy-going, long-lasting3) adv. + v-inghard-working, well-meaning,
far-reaching4) n. + v-ingEnglish-speaking, peace-loving, heart-breaking5) n. + v-edman-made, state-owned, heart-felt, heartbroken 6) adv. + v-edwell-known, wide-spread7) adj. + v-edwarm-hearted, ready-made8) n. + adj.self-satisfied, duty-free Look at Activity 2 in the textbook. Make compound words.POSSIBLE ANSWER:Grammar 2 The definite article and zero article定冠词the的用法1. 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物The book on the desk is mine.She is the girl who won the prize.2. 指上文已出现过或者说话者刚才谈及的人或事物An old man lived in a small house near a forest. One day the old man left the house and went into the forest to gather wood.3. 表示世界上独一无二的事物 The sun is bigger than the moon.4. 用于单数可数名词或形容词前, 表示一类人或事物的整体Take care of the wounded and the old.5. 可以和某些集合名词连用,表示整个民族、阶级、阶层等The English have a wonderful sense of humor.The Chinese people are the greatest in the world.6. 船只、旅馆、 剧院、 建筑 以及某些著作、 乐曲、 报刊等的名词前常加定冠词The People's Daily is read through out the whole nation.7. 用于江、 河、 海洋、 山脉、 群岛、 海峡、海湾等专有名称前the Yellow River, the English channel, the Taiwan Straits, the Indian Ocean, the Philippines8. 用于姓的复数前, 指全家或全家一些人the Zhangs, the Smiths, the Whites 9. 由普通名词构成的专有名词(某些国名、政治组织、 机构、学校、 建筑、 报刊杂志等) 很多要加定冠词1) 某些国名及政治组织名称the United States, the United Nations, the House of Commons2) 某些学校、机构及建筑等名称the British Museum, the Midland Bank3) 某些报刊杂志的名称the New Times, the Washington Post, the Daily News零冠词的用法1. 一些专有名词前如国名、人名前通常不用定冠词England, Mary, China2. 泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词Women live longer than men in most countries.3. 抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词Failure is the mother of success.Life is short, art is long. 4. 物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词Man cannot live without water.You can’t mix oil with water.5. 在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词We go to school from Monday to Friday. Leaves turn yellow in autumn.6. 在称呼, 身份, 职业, 或表示官衔, 职位的名词前不加冠词The guards took the American to General
Lee. Now he is manager of a bank.7. 在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词What would you like for breakfast, sir?8. 当by 与火车、 轮船、 飞机等交通工具连用表示一种方式时，中间无冠词 I went to Shanghai by air.9. 有些抽象化的个体名词前一般不用冠词，如: school, college, prison, sea, market, hospital, bed, table, class, town, church, court, work, university等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义go to hospital 去医院看病
go to the hospital 去医院 (并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)10. 在daybreak, dawn, noon, midnight,
night, sunset, sunrise这类事件名词前都
不加冠词He used to wake up at daybreak every day.11. 下面这类名词前通常不加冠词大多数街名, 广场名(Times Square), 车站, 机场,公园, 桥梁名(London Bridge), 大学名(Yale University), 节日名(National Day, New Year’s Day), 多数杂志名 (Times, Reader’s Digest)12. 很多情况下, 是否要加冠词, 常常是一个习惯用法问题, 特别是在一些固定的词组中, 有时是说不出的道理in town in the city 在城里
catch cold have a cold 感冒了
at a distance 在一定距离外
in the distance 在远处Beyond ______ stars the astronaut saw nothing but ______ space.
A. the, 不填???? B. 不填，the?????
C. 不填，不填???? D. the, the
A。太空中的星体或世界上独一无二的东西前应加定冠词。space作“宇宙空间”解时，也是抽象名词，通常不加冠词。2. Many people are still in ____ habit of
writing silly things in ____ public
places.
A. the, the??? B. 不填, 不填???
C. the, 不填???? D. 不填, the
C。in the habit of是习惯用语，正如in the morning, on the other hand一样，其中的定冠词不可或缺。public places是复数名词短语，表示泛指概念，其前面不必用定冠词。3. —Do you know ___ lady in blue?
—Yes. She is a teacher of a university.
A. the??? B. a???
C. an???? D. 不填
A。考查the 表示特指的用法。根据题意知道是特指“穿蓝色衣服的那个女士”。4. After watching ____ TV, she played
_____ violin for an hour.
A. 不填，不填????? B. the, the????
C. the, 不填??? D. 不填，the???
D。watch TV是习惯搭配，不必用冠词。表 示乐器的名词前应用定冠词。 5. She is _____ newcomer to ____ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries.
A. the, the???? B. the, 不填????
C. a, 不填???? D. a, the??
C。newcomer是单数可数名词，泛指某类人中的一个，要用不定冠词。抽象名词或学科名称前不加任何冠词，chemistry是表示学科的抽象名词，因此前面不加the。 （全国高考I，22）Sarah looked at _____ finished painting with _____ satisfaction.
A. /; a B. a; the
C. the; / D. the; a C（重庆高考，24）Sam has been appointed _____ manager of the engineering department to take _____ place of George.
A. /; / B. the; /
C. the; the D. /; theD（江西高考，21）The Smiths don’t usually like staying at _____ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _____ sea.
A. /; a B. the; the
C. /; the D. the; aC（四川高考，18） We are said to be living in _____ Information Age, _____ time of new discoveries and great changes.
A. an; the B. /; the
C. /; a D. the; aD（辽宁高考，21）I woke up with _____ bad headache, yet by _____ evening the pain had gone.
A. the; the B. the; an
C. a; the D. a; anC