Module 5 Newspapers and Magazines Grammar 状语和状语从句课件（35张）
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| 名称 | Module 5 Newspapers and Magazines Grammar 状语和状语从句课件（35张） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2018-07-22 09:43:41 | ||
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课件35张PPT。Grammar
Review of adverbials and adverbial clauses 状语是用来修饰动词, 形容词, 副词或整个句子的成分:一般表示时间, 地点, 方式, 程度, 条件, 目的, 结果, 让步, 伴随情况等意义。
状语的位置
英语中的状语在句中的位置比较灵活:修饰形容词的状语, 通常放在所修饰的词之前;修饰动词的状语, 一般放在所修饰的动词之后。但有些副词如always, often, usually, never, ever等作状语时,则放在实意动词之前, 助动词, be动词或情态动词之后。Adverbial clauses 状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词等，按意义分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方式、比较等状语从句。 时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的从属连词有after,
as, before, once, since, till, until,
when, whenever, while, as soon as, no
sooner… than…, hardly… when…, scarcely… when…等，以及名词短语the moment, the instant, every time等。如：
I saw him when/ while he was going out of the room.
在他走出房间时我碰见了他。
Edison’s mother had been a teacher before she got married.
爱迪生的妈妈结婚前是位老师。 注意：
no sooner… than…, hardly… when…, scarcely… when… 这三个结构意为“一…就…”，相当于as soon as，均可引导时间状语从句，但只能用于过去时，即主谓语用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。No sooner, hardly, scarcely置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。 我一到家，天就下起雨来了。可译为：
As soon as I came home, it began to rain.
I had no sooner come home than it began to rain.
I had hardly /scarcely come home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I come home than it began to rain.
Hardly /scarcely had I come home when it began to rain.2. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 等引导。如：
He lived where he liked.
他住在他喜欢的地方。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者,事竟成。（谚语）
Wherever they went, they were warmly welcomed.
他们所到之处都受到热烈欢迎。3. 原因状语从句
原因状语从句通常由because, since, as, now that等引导。如：
He didn’t attend the meeting because he had too much work to do.
他因为要干的活太多没来参加会议。
Since he can’t answer the question, you’d better ask someone else.
既然他回答不了这个问题，你最好问别人吧。As I haven’t seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it.
由于我没看过这部电影，所以谈不出对它有什么看法。
Now that you have come, you may stay. 你既然来了，就留下吧。 注意：
for也可表“原因”，语气较弱，有时可与because换用，但它是并列连词，它连接的句子并不总是原因，有时可能对前面的分句提出推断的理由，不能回答why 引导的疑问句，它连接的分句只能后置，且前面有逗号。
The ground is wet, for it rained last night.
地面很湿，因为昨天晚上下雨了。（表原因，可用because代替）It rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨天晚上下雨了，因为地面很湿。（提出判断的理由，“地湿”不是“下雨”的原因，不可用because代替）4. 目的状语从句
目的状语从句常由so that, in order that, so, that, in case（以防、以免），lest（以防），for fear that（以防、以免）等引导。如：
I am saving money in order that / so that I can buy a house.
我正在攒钱，以便买一所房子。In order that there should be no misunderstanding, we propose to hold a meeting.
为了不出现误解，我们建议开一个会。注意：
1) so that, in order that, so that 引导的目的状语从句常含情态动词can, could, may, might, will, would, should等。如：
He got up early so that he could catch the early bus. 他早早起床，以便能赶上早班车。2) lest, for fear that ,in case “should+动词原形”型虚拟语气。should可省略。如：
Shut the window for fear (that) it should rain. 关上窗户，以防下雨。
I’ll explain it to him lest he (should) doubt me.
我向他解释了这件事，以免他怀疑我。
Take your raincoat in case it rains / (should) rain. 带上雨衣以防下雨。5. 结果状语从句
结果状语从句常由so…that…, such… that…, so that, that等引导。如：
The question is of great importance that it can’t be neglected.
这个问题很重要，不能忽视。
It was very cold, so that the river froze.
天很冷，河水结冰了。
He was so brilliant that he made a lot of inventions. 他很有才华，搞了许多发明。比较：
He got up early so that he caught the early bus.
他早早就起床，结果赶上了早班车。
He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.
他早早起床，以便能赶上早班车。6. 条件状语从句
条件状语从句常由if, unless, as / so long as（只要），in case（如果，万一），suppose / supposing (that)（假如，倘若），on condition (that)（如果，只要）等引导。如：
If I make a promise, I’ll keep it.
如果我许下诺言，我就遵守。I’ll lend you the money, as/ so long as you take my advice.
只要你接受我的劝告，我就借钱给你。
Suppose / Supposing (that) all the doors are locked, how will you get into the house?
假如所有的门都锁上了，你怎么进这所房子？
In case I forget, please remind me of it.
一旦我忘了，请提醒我这件事 。注意：
条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。如：
If it rains tomorrow, the sports meet won’t take place.
如果明天下雨，运动会将不举行。
He said he wouldn’t come unless he was invited.
他说如果不被邀请，他不来。7. 让步状语从句
让步状语从句常由although, though, as, even if, even though, whoever, whatever, whenever, however, wherever, no matter who (what, when, where, how), whether等引导。如：
Although/ Though he was a Spanish, he spent most of his life in Germany.
他虽然是西班牙人，但他的大半生是在德国度过的。Even if/ though you don’t like music, you must have heard of him.
即使你不喜欢音乐，你也一定听说过他。
Whatever/ No matter what happens, you must be calm.
不论发生什么情况，你必须镇静。注意：
Although, though, as三者均可引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，“尽管”。although和though引导的让步状语从句放在主句前后均可，as引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首；although引导的让步状语从句不倒装， though引导的可倒可不倒，as引导的必须倒装，且如果从句中单数名词或形容词最高级作表语，倒装时不再用冠词; although和though引导的让步状语从句可用虚拟语气，as而则不可。 8. 方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as (象、如、照）和as if / though（好象、似乎）等引导。如：
You ought to do as your teacher tells you. 你应按老师说的去做。
I have changed the plan as you suggested. 我已根据你的建议改变了这个计划。
He talks as if / though he knows all about it. 他谈起来似乎对此了如指掌。注意：
as if和as though 的意义和用法基本相同，它们引导的从句多用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。如：
He waked as if / as though he were (was) drunk. 他走起来好像喝醉了。
His father loves me as if / as though I were his son.
他父亲很喜欢我，好像我是他的儿子。9. 比较状语从句
比较状语从句常由as… as…, not as / so… as…, than等引导。如：
She is as tall as Tom. 她与汤姆一样高。
She is not as / so tall as Tom. 她不如汤姆高。
He doesn’t get up as / so early as his brother. 他起床不如他兄弟早。
Tom was less old than Mary.
汤姆没有玛丽大。
No one can be more fit for his office than he is. 没人比他更称职。Complete the sentences with the correct words and phrases.1. ____ people understand you, it doesn’t matter if you make mistakes.
A. As long as
B. Although
C. So that 2. ____ people from Singapore and Jamaica meet, will they understand each other?
A. No matter what B. If C. Whatever
3. ____ hard I study, my pronunciation doesn’t get any better.
A. However B. Since C. Unless4. ____ she’s only been living here for a year, Wang speaks excellent English.
A. As B. Although C. Because
5. _____ I am studying Chinese, I would like to take an exam in the subject.
A. Even though B. Since C. Whatever6. We like learning French, ____ we may go to France.
A. as long as
B. no matter what
C. so that高考链接 ____ he has limited technical knowledge,
the old worker has a lot of experience.
(2006全国I)
A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although
2. We thought there were 35 students in the
dining hall, ____, in fact, there were 40.
(2006全国II)
A. while B. whether C. what D. which3. ____ you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine
how pleasant it is. (2006北京)
A. Unless B. Because C. Although
D. When
4. He found it increasingly difficult to read,
____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
(2006北京)
A. and B. for C. but D. or5. The cost of living in Glasgow is among
the lowest in Britain, ____ the quality of
life is probably one of the highest.
(2006天津)
A. since B. when C. as D. while
6. If you are travelling ____ the customs
are really foreign to your own, please do
as the Romans do. (2006天津)
A. in which B. what C. when
D. where7. In time of serious accidents, ____ we
know some basic things about first aid,
we can save lives. (2006重庆)
A. whether B. until C. if D. unless
8. ---Mom, what did your doctor say?
---He advised me to live ____ the air is
fresher. (2006四川)
A. in where B. in which
C. the place where D. where9. Start out right away, ____ you’ll miss the first train. (2006四川)
A. and B. but C. or D. while
10. ---Why didn’t you tell him about the
meeting? (2006四川)
---He rushed out of the room ____ I
could say a word.
A. before B. until
C. when D. after
Review of adverbials and adverbial clauses 状语是用来修饰动词, 形容词, 副词或整个句子的成分:一般表示时间, 地点, 方式, 程度, 条件, 目的, 结果, 让步, 伴随情况等意义。
状语的位置
英语中的状语在句中的位置比较灵活:修饰形容词的状语, 通常放在所修饰的词之前;修饰动词的状语, 一般放在所修饰的动词之后。但有些副词如always, often, usually, never, ever等作状语时,则放在实意动词之前, 助动词, be动词或情态动词之后。Adverbial clauses 状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词等，按意义分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方式、比较等状语从句。 时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的从属连词有after,
as, before, once, since, till, until,
when, whenever, while, as soon as, no
sooner… than…, hardly… when…, scarcely… when…等，以及名词短语the moment, the instant, every time等。如：
I saw him when/ while he was going out of the room.
在他走出房间时我碰见了他。
Edison’s mother had been a teacher before she got married.
爱迪生的妈妈结婚前是位老师。 注意：
no sooner… than…, hardly… when…, scarcely… when… 这三个结构意为“一…就…”，相当于as soon as，均可引导时间状语从句，但只能用于过去时，即主谓语用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。No sooner, hardly, scarcely置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。 我一到家，天就下起雨来了。可译为：
As soon as I came home, it began to rain.
I had no sooner come home than it began to rain.
I had hardly /scarcely come home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I come home than it began to rain.
Hardly /scarcely had I come home when it began to rain.2. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 等引导。如：
He lived where he liked.
他住在他喜欢的地方。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者,事竟成。（谚语）
Wherever they went, they were warmly welcomed.
他们所到之处都受到热烈欢迎。3. 原因状语从句
原因状语从句通常由because, since, as, now that等引导。如：
He didn’t attend the meeting because he had too much work to do.
他因为要干的活太多没来参加会议。
Since he can’t answer the question, you’d better ask someone else.
既然他回答不了这个问题，你最好问别人吧。As I haven’t seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it.
由于我没看过这部电影，所以谈不出对它有什么看法。
Now that you have come, you may stay. 你既然来了，就留下吧。 注意：
for也可表“原因”，语气较弱，有时可与because换用，但它是并列连词，它连接的句子并不总是原因，有时可能对前面的分句提出推断的理由，不能回答why 引导的疑问句，它连接的分句只能后置，且前面有逗号。
The ground is wet, for it rained last night.
地面很湿，因为昨天晚上下雨了。（表原因，可用because代替）It rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨天晚上下雨了，因为地面很湿。（提出判断的理由，“地湿”不是“下雨”的原因，不可用because代替）4. 目的状语从句
目的状语从句常由so that, in order that, so, that, in case（以防、以免），lest（以防），for fear that（以防、以免）等引导。如：
I am saving money in order that / so that I can buy a house.
我正在攒钱，以便买一所房子。In order that there should be no misunderstanding, we propose to hold a meeting.
为了不出现误解，我们建议开一个会。注意：
1) so that, in order that, so that 引导的目的状语从句常含情态动词can, could, may, might, will, would, should等。如：
He got up early so that he could catch the early bus. 他早早起床，以便能赶上早班车。2) lest, for fear that ,in case “should+动词原形”型虚拟语气。should可省略。如：
Shut the window for fear (that) it should rain. 关上窗户，以防下雨。
I’ll explain it to him lest he (should) doubt me.
我向他解释了这件事，以免他怀疑我。
Take your raincoat in case it rains / (should) rain. 带上雨衣以防下雨。5. 结果状语从句
结果状语从句常由so…that…, such… that…, so that, that等引导。如：
The question is of great importance that it can’t be neglected.
这个问题很重要，不能忽视。
It was very cold, so that the river froze.
天很冷，河水结冰了。
He was so brilliant that he made a lot of inventions. 他很有才华，搞了许多发明。比较：
He got up early so that he caught the early bus.
他早早就起床，结果赶上了早班车。
He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.
他早早起床，以便能赶上早班车。6. 条件状语从句
条件状语从句常由if, unless, as / so long as（只要），in case（如果，万一），suppose / supposing (that)（假如，倘若），on condition (that)（如果，只要）等引导。如：
If I make a promise, I’ll keep it.
如果我许下诺言，我就遵守。I’ll lend you the money, as/ so long as you take my advice.
只要你接受我的劝告，我就借钱给你。
Suppose / Supposing (that) all the doors are locked, how will you get into the house?
假如所有的门都锁上了，你怎么进这所房子？
In case I forget, please remind me of it.
一旦我忘了，请提醒我这件事 。注意：
条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。如：
If it rains tomorrow, the sports meet won’t take place.
如果明天下雨，运动会将不举行。
He said he wouldn’t come unless he was invited.
他说如果不被邀请，他不来。7. 让步状语从句
让步状语从句常由although, though, as, even if, even though, whoever, whatever, whenever, however, wherever, no matter who (what, when, where, how), whether等引导。如：
Although/ Though he was a Spanish, he spent most of his life in Germany.
他虽然是西班牙人，但他的大半生是在德国度过的。Even if/ though you don’t like music, you must have heard of him.
即使你不喜欢音乐，你也一定听说过他。
Whatever/ No matter what happens, you must be calm.
不论发生什么情况，你必须镇静。注意：
Although, though, as三者均可引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，“尽管”。although和though引导的让步状语从句放在主句前后均可，as引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首；although引导的让步状语从句不倒装， though引导的可倒可不倒，as引导的必须倒装，且如果从句中单数名词或形容词最高级作表语，倒装时不再用冠词; although和though引导的让步状语从句可用虚拟语气，as而则不可。 8. 方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as (象、如、照）和as if / though（好象、似乎）等引导。如：
You ought to do as your teacher tells you. 你应按老师说的去做。
I have changed the plan as you suggested. 我已根据你的建议改变了这个计划。
He talks as if / though he knows all about it. 他谈起来似乎对此了如指掌。注意：
as if和as though 的意义和用法基本相同，它们引导的从句多用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。如：
He waked as if / as though he were (was) drunk. 他走起来好像喝醉了。
His father loves me as if / as though I were his son.
他父亲很喜欢我，好像我是他的儿子。9. 比较状语从句
比较状语从句常由as… as…, not as / so… as…, than等引导。如：
She is as tall as Tom. 她与汤姆一样高。
She is not as / so tall as Tom. 她不如汤姆高。
He doesn’t get up as / so early as his brother. 他起床不如他兄弟早。
Tom was less old than Mary.
汤姆没有玛丽大。
No one can be more fit for his office than he is. 没人比他更称职。Complete the sentences with the correct words and phrases.1. ____ people understand you, it doesn’t matter if you make mistakes.
A. As long as
B. Although
C. So that 2. ____ people from Singapore and Jamaica meet, will they understand each other?
A. No matter what B. If C. Whatever
3. ____ hard I study, my pronunciation doesn’t get any better.
A. However B. Since C. Unless4. ____ she’s only been living here for a year, Wang speaks excellent English.
A. As B. Although C. Because
5. _____ I am studying Chinese, I would like to take an exam in the subject.
A. Even though B. Since C. Whatever6. We like learning French, ____ we may go to France.
A. as long as
B. no matter what
C. so that高考链接 ____ he has limited technical knowledge,
the old worker has a lot of experience.
(2006全国I)
A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although
2. We thought there were 35 students in the
dining hall, ____, in fact, there were 40.
(2006全国II)
A. while B. whether C. what D. which3. ____ you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine
how pleasant it is. (2006北京)
A. Unless B. Because C. Although
D. When
4. He found it increasingly difficult to read,
____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
(2006北京)
A. and B. for C. but D. or5. The cost of living in Glasgow is among
the lowest in Britain, ____ the quality of
life is probably one of the highest.
(2006天津)
A. since B. when C. as D. while
6. If you are travelling ____ the customs
are really foreign to your own, please do
as the Romans do. (2006天津)
A. in which B. what C. when
D. where7. In time of serious accidents, ____ we
know some basic things about first aid,
we can save lives. (2006重庆)
A. whether B. until C. if D. unless
8. ---Mom, what did your doctor say?
---He advised me to live ____ the air is
fresher. (2006四川)
A. in where B. in which
C. the place where D. where9. Start out right away, ____ you’ll miss the first train. (2006四川)
A. and B. but C. or D. while
10. ---Why didn’t you tell him about the
meeting? (2006四川)
---He rushed out of the room ____ I
could say a word.
A. before B. until
C. when D. after