第二讲 七年级上 Units5--9
we(pron.)→_______(宾格)→______(形容词性物主代词)→_______(名词性物主代词)→______ (反身代词)
interest(n. ) →_______(adj.)有趣的→_______ (adj.)感兴趣的
easy(adj)→_______(近义词)容易的→______(adv.)→______ (adj.)反义词
fun (n.)→______(adj.)奇怪的,滑稽好笑的
difficult(adj.)→______(n.)→_______(同义词)→_______(同义词)
relax(v.)→_______(adj.)轻松的,令人放松的→_______(adj.)放松的;自在的
same(adj.)→_______(反义词)
week(n. ) →_______ (adj.)每周的
health(n.)→_______(adj.)→_______(adv.)→_______(形容词的反义词)
twelve(num.)→_______(第十二)
three(num.)→_______(第十三)→_______(三十)
nine(num.)→______(第九) →_______ (十九)→_______(九十)
art (n. ) →______ (艺术家)
music(n.)→________(音乐家)→________(adj.)
science(n.)→_______(科学家)→_______(adj.)
use(v.)→______(adj.)有用的
free(adj.)→_______(反义词)→_______(n.)自由
happy(adj.)→________(反义词)→_______ (adv.)
玩电脑游戏 ________________
打排/篮球_______________________
在同一所学校 _____________________
思考;思索 _______________________
一双_______________________
组织学校郊游____________________
无疑;肯定 ___________________
迟到_______________________
做运动__________________
看一看______________________
销售中;廉价销售_______________
做功课 __________________
◆考点1.let v.
考向1 :表示“让某人做某事”应使用“let sb do sth”,动词let 之后的代词应使用宾格,动词应使用原形。
eg : Let me sing a song 让我来唱首歌吧。
Let him come in 让他进来。
考向2:let’s 是let us的缩写,而不是let is 的缩写。
辨析let’s,let us
let’s
“咱们...吧”
一般包括听者在内
Let’s go to school !
咱们去上学吧!
let us
“让我们...吧”
一般不包括听者在内
Let us go to school !
让我们去上学吧!
考向3: let ...down让...失望(其中间常接人)
eg : I don’t want to let my parents down . 我不想让父母失望。
◆考点突破
(2018?重庆B) Let’s _____ shopping , shall we ?
A to go B. going C. go D. gone
◆考点2.go v.
考向1:go的过去式went , 过去分词gone
考向2:连系动词,后面接形容词,意为“变为;变得”
eg : Her hair is going grey 他的头发日渐花白。
考向3:go的其他用法
go +to+地点名词,表示“去....”。
连系动词,后面接形容词,意为“变为;变得”
eg : Her hair is going greay 她的头发日渐花白。
考向3: go 的其他用法
go +to+地点名词,表示“去.....”。
eg:go to the playground 去操场 go to school 去上学
go 后接表示地点的副词,表示“去...”。
eg : go there 去那儿 go home 回家
go 后接动词ing形式,表示“去做 ....”。
eg : go shopping / swimming / fishing 去购物/游泳/钓鱼
go的常见短语及句型
go out 外出 go on 继续
How is ...going ?.... 进展如何 ?
考向4:go的特殊用法
be going to 结构,表示将来。
have gone to 去了...
◆考点突破
(2017?湖南)---How is everything going in teh hospital , dear ?
--- ______ .
A I’m all right . Thanks .
Not too bad , I guess .
Not at all
That’s all right .Thank you
(2018?江苏)---It is too hot today . Put the meat in the fridge , or it will ______ .
A go badly B. going bad
C go bad D. went bad
(2017?黔西南) Hurry up ! The sky is covered with black clouds . I’m afraid it ____.
A rains B. is going to rain
C rained D. was raining
◆考点3.get v.
考向1:如果get后面接形容词作表语,往往有“变得”之意。
eg : Autumn comes and the leaves get yellow . 秋天来了,树叶变黄了。
考向2: get可作使役动词,表示“使....”
eg : get the car started 发动汽车
考向3 : 辨析get , arrive , reach
考向4 : 辨析get off , get on , get out of , get in
get on
上车(上公共汽车、火车、轮船和飞机)
Please get on the bus one by one . 请一个接一个地上公共汽车 。
get off
下车(下公共汽车、火车、轮船和飞机)
They felt tired after getting off the train . 下了火车后他们感到很疲倦。
get in
上车(上小汽车、出租车)
Mr. Black got in the car and drove off. 布莱克先生上了车,驱车离开了。
get out of
下(小汽车、出租车)
She got out of the taxi and gave the driver fifty yuan 她下了出租车,给了司机50元。
考向5 : 中考常考的get的相关短语
get up 起床
get back返回;找回
get through 接通电话
get away 离开;逃脱
get down 下来
get along /on with ....与....和睦相处,若表示“相处得如何”应在with前加well或badly等修饰词。
eg : I get along well with my friends . 我和我的朋友相处得很好。
◆考点突破
(2017?济南)---Is your beadache getting ____ ?
---No, it’s worse
A better B. bad C. less D. well
7 .(2017?上海模拟)Steven , we should _____ the bus at the next stop .
A get up B. get off C. get to D. get in
8 Good manners can make people _____ each other .
A get on well with B. get off C. get over D. get away
◆考点4.play v.
考向1:play后跟球类名词时,球类名词前不用冠词。
eg : play bascketball/football/volleyball/baseball/tennis /ping-pong/...
打篮球/踢足球/打排球/打棒球/打网球/打乒乓球/....
考向2:当play表示“演奏”,与乐器类名词搭配时,必须在乐器前加the .
eg : play the piano /violin /guitar/ accordinon / ...
弹钢琴/拉小提琴/弹吉他/拉手风琴/......
考向3 :与play相关的词组
play games 做游戏
play sports 参加体育运动
play with sth 玩耍某物
play jokes on 和...开玩笑
eg : Jim often plays jokes on his classroom 吉姆常常和他的同班同学开玩笑。
◆考点突破
9 (2017?四川)She likes playing _____ piano . Her brother likes playing ____ basketball .
A the ; a B. a; the C. / ; the D. the ; /
◆考点5. fun adj.&n.
考向1 :辨析fun , funny
fun
adj.
有趣的(相当于interesting)
English is fun.英语很有趣的。
funny
adj.
滑稽的,好笑的
This joke is funny . 这个笑话很好笑。
考向2:作名词,意为“乐趣”,是不可数名词。
have fun (in)doing sth 做某事很开心=have a good time (in)doing sth =enjoy oneself
eg : We have fun playing cards. 我们玩牌玩得很高兴。
◆考点突破
10 (2017?自贡)We went to the beach last Sunday , and we had great fun ___ volleyball.
A play B playing C. played D. to play
11 (2017?曲靖) 泉城公园是一个很好玩的地方。
Ouancheng Park is a good place to _____ ______
◆考点6.like v. , n. &prep.
考向1:作动词,意为“喜欢”,反义词是dislike .后接名词,代词,动名词或动词不定式作宾语。
eg : I like having a walk after supper 我喜欢晚饭后散步。
I like to watch TV. 我喜欢看电视。
考向2 : 作介词,当“像...怎么样”讲,反义词为unlike
(表示样子)像,相似
He looks like Father Christmas .他看起来像圣诞老人。
(表示行为)像...样
She ran like the wind . 她跑得飞快。
(表示列举)比方, 例如
Try to avoid fatty foods like cakes and biscuits 尽量避免吃蛋糕和饼干这一类高脂食物。
(询问意见)...怎么样
What are Dan’s parents like ?
丹的父母是怎样的人?
考向3:辨析like, as
Like意为“像...一样”。(实际上不是)
eg : He talks to me like my father . 他像父亲那样跟我说话。 (他不是我父亲 )
as意为“作为,以...身份”。 (实际上就是)
eg : He talks to me as a father . 他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。 (他是我父亲 )
考向4 : 作名词,反义词dislike .
eg : Could you tell me your likes and dislikes ?你能告诉我你的好恶吗?
◆考点突破
12 (2018?河南) ---____ does your new friend look like ?
--- He is tall with short blonds hair and big blue eyes .
How B. Who C. What D. Where
13 (2017?宁夏) ---Would you like something to drink ?
---_____ . I’m thirsty .
A Yes, I can B. No, thanks
Yes, please D. No, I don’t like it . .
◆考点7. sure adv.
考向:与sure 有关的短语:
be sure of /that
确信,有把握,其主语是人,主语是感到“有把握,确信”
He is sure of his success = He is sure that he will succeed 他确信他会成功。 (主语是He的信念)
be sure to do
一定, 必定
It is sure to rain . 天准会下雨。
for sure
无疑,肯定
She won’t lend you any money , and that’s for sure. 她不会借给你什么钱的,那一点是肯定的。
Make sure of /that
确信,查明,弄清楚,后面经常加of
Make sure visitors will come tomorrow. 确保游客明天会来。
◆考点突破
14 (2017?新疆) 为了确保人民能安全地用电,工人们正在检查机器。
Workers are examing the machine ______ ______ ______ people can use the electricity safely .
15 (同义句转换)I am sure that he will succeeed.
I am ______ _____ his success.
◆考点8.want v.
考向1 : 同义词组为would like
考向2 : want用法总结:
want sth . “想要某物”
want to do sth 想做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
eg : I want some orange . 我想要一些橙汁。
I want to drink water 我想喝水。
I want her to buy milk . 我想让她去买牛奶 。
◆考点突破
16 (2018?福州) Tony wants ____ a job as a language teacher in China .
A to find B. findingn C. find D. finds
◆考点9 look v. &n.
考向1:look 为系动词,后面加形容词作表语。
eg : He looks handsome in that blue shirt .
他穿那件蓝色衬衣很帅。
考向2 :辨析look 与see
look 强调看的动作,且后面加at后才能接宾语;
see强调看的结果,可以直接接宾语。
eg : I looked but couldn’t see it clearly 我看了,可是看不清楚。
考向3 :与look 相关的短语有:
look over
检查
Would you mind helping me look over my exercises?你介意帮我把练习检查一下吗?
look after=
take care of
照顾
I can look after myself 我能照顾自己。
look up
查阅,向上看
Look up the word in the dictionary . 在词典中查这个单词。
look through
浏览
She looked through her notes before the exam 她考试前匆匆看了一下笔记。
look for
寻找
The girl is looking for her mother . 这个女孩正在寻找她的妈妈。
look out =
take care =
watch out
小心, 当心
Look out ! There’s a car coming !当心!汽车来了!
take/have a look
at
看一看
Please let me take a good look at your new skirt 请让我好好看看你的新短裙。
◆考点突破
17 (2017?兰州)Again and again the doctor ______ the crying baby girl , but he couldn’t find out what was wrong with her .
looked over B. looked after
C looked for D. looked out
18 (2017?广西) Linda, I have to go shopping now . Please _____ your little sister at home .
A look for B. look like C. look after D. look up
19 (2018?山东) If you want to know more information about the coming party , please ______ the website : http:// www. happyweekends. Com
A set up B. look through C. pick out D. turn off
◆考点10 take v.
考向1: 当你选定商品,决定要买时,就可以说“I’ll take it / them.” 而不说“I’ll buy it /them .”这里的it/them指代的是上文提到的商品。
考向2:take表示“乘、坐”某一交通工具。
eg : He takes a bus to go to school every day = He goes to school by bus every day. 他每天乘公共汽车上学。
考向3:take表示“拿,取”之意,后面常可带宾语,它强调将某人或某物从说话地点带到其他地方去。
eg : Could you take my bag to the classroom , please ?
请你把我的书包拿到教室去好吗?
考向4:take表示“花费”之意时,其常用句型为:It takes sb. some time to do sth . 注意后面动词前的to不可丢掉。
eg : It takes him an hour to do his himework every evening .
每天晚上他要花一个小时做作业 。
考向5:take表“吃,喝”时,与eat , drink, have 意思相近,但表示“吃药”时通常只用take .
eg : You must take the medicine after meals . 你一定要在饭后吃药。
考向6:(1)中考常考的与take 相关的短语
take place 发生(无被动语态); take care of (=look after)照顾
take care = watch out = look out 小心
take away 拿走
take after 像
take in 吸收;领会;欺骗;接待
take on 承担;呈现;雇用
take over 接管
take down拆掉
take up 开始从事;接受(提议);占用
take out (of ) 取出;切除;带...出去
eg : Great changes have taken place in China during the last few decades . 在过去几十年里, 中国发生了巨大的变化 。
Who is taking care of the boy ?谁在照看那个男孩?
The plane will take off at three o’clock.
飞机将在3点钟起飞。
Don’t take away books from the library .
不准把书从图书馆拿走。
(2 )take的常用短语
take one’s temperature 给某人量体温
take one’s order 听某人的吩咐
take one’s place 代替
take pictures/photos 照相
take on a new look 呈现新面貌
take a seat =have a seat 坐下
take a walk 散步
take a shower洗淋浴
take a message 捎口信
take a break -take breaks 休息一下
take a risk =take risks冒险
eg : Let’s take a break 咱们休息会儿吧。
◆考点突破
20 (2018.山东)---It’s too hot today .
---Yes. Why don’t you _____ your jacket ?
A put on B. put up C. take off D. take after
21 (2017, 湖北) It usually _____ mum about half an hour to cook supper.
A pays B. takes C. spends D. costs
22 (2017,广州)Thanks for your invitatiion , but I’m so sorry I can’t go . I need to ____ my baby at home .
A take away B. take off C. take care of D. take out of
23 (2017,山东) The Olympic Games of 2016 will _____ in Brazil .
A take after B. take off C. take place D. take away
◆考点11 buy v.
考向1 :buy 的过去式和过去分词均为bought .
考向2 :与介词构成的短语:
buy sth for sb 表示“给某人买某物”
eg : Little Tom bought some flowers for his mother on Mother’s Day .
小汤姆在母亲节那天为母亲买了一些花。
易错:buy还用于buy ...from ...结构,指“从....买...”, 在此结构中,介词是易错考点。
eg : She buys a coat from the clothes store .
她从这家衣服店里买了件外套。
考向3 : buy 在完成时态中对应的持续性动词是have .
How long have you had this mountain bike ?
你这辆山地自行车买了多长时间了?
考向4 : buy的反义词为sell .
sell 的常用搭配为sell sb sth =sell sth to sb 意为“卖给某人某物”。
易错:在此考点中,介词to是易错考点。
◆考点突破
24 He buys an English book ____that bookstore .
A to B. from C. near D. off
◆考点12. all adj.&adv.&pron.
考向1 : 辨析whole 与all
whole
常位于冠词、所有格或别的限定词之后。
We spent the whole day (all the day ) on the work . 我们花了一整天在这项工作上。
all
放在限定词之前。
All his family (His whole family ) aren’t here . 他们一家人都不在这儿。
考向2 :辨析all 与both
all
指三者或三者以上都
All of my classmates came to my birthday party . 我所有的同班同学都来参加了我的生日聚会。
both
指两者都
Both of my parents are teachers . 我的父母都是老师。
考向3 :归纳常考的all 的短语
in all 总共,共计
all over 到处,处处;浑身;全部结束
after all 毕竟;终究
above all 最重要的
first of all 首先
all right 好, 行
◆考点突破
25 (2017,山东)---Which of two T-shirts will you take ?
---I’ll take ______ . One is for my brother and the other is for myself .
A either B. both C. neither D. all
◆考点13. price n .
考向 1:在曲语中询问价钱的句型有:What’s the price of ...? 和How much do/does ...cost ?
eg : What’s the price of the mobile phone ?
这部手机多少钱?
考向2:the price of 意为“......的价格”,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
eg : The price of the shirt is 100 yuan . 这件衬衫的价格是100元。
考向3:描述物品贵时用expensive , 便宜用cheap , 而表示价格高用high, 价格低用low.
eg : They sell the clothes at a low price .
他们低价出售这些衣服。
This T-shirt is very cheap .
这件T 恤衫很便宜。
◆考点突破
26(2017,湖北)----Is the price of the backpack very _____ ?
----No, it _____ me only twenty yuan .
A high ; spent B. expensive ; takes C. high ; cost D. cheap ; spends
◆一般现在时中have的用法
当表示“某人有某物”时,我们可以用have来表示所属关系。
句式
人称
主语为第一人称(I , we),第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they)
主语为第三人称单数(he , she , it等)
肯定句
I have ....
He has ...
否定句
I don’t have ...
He doesn’t have ...
一般疑问句用回答
Do you have ...?
Does he have...?
Yes, I do/ No, I don’t
Yes,he does / No, he doesn’t .
考点:表所属关系,看清人称,找准助动词。
考向: 辨析have /has 与there be
have/has
表示所属关系,即“某人或某物有什么”
I have a sister . 我有个妹妹。
there be
表示存在,即“某地有某物”,遵循就近原则
There are some boys in the roonm . 房间里有一些男孩。
注意:当表示某物的构成或组成部分时,用there be句型或have/has 均可。 eg : There are fifty students in our class. =Our class has fifty students . 我们班有50个学生。
◆考点突破
---_____ she have a soccer ball ? ---No, she _____ ,
A Is ; isn’t B. Does ; doesn’t
C Does ; don’t D. Do ; doesn’t
2 .There _____ a basketball and a volleyball in the box .
A has B. have C. is D. are
◆可数名词和不可数名词
名词可以分可数名词和不可数名词。 它们的定义,特点和用法的区别见下表:
分类
可数名词
不可数名词
定义
表示可以用数量计算的名词。
表示不可以用数量计算的名词。
特点
有单、复数形式之分。
没有复数形式,但有量的形式。
用法
可以直接用不定冠词a/an或具体的数词如one , two , three等来修饰。
不能使用不定冠词或数词直接修饰,如要表示确切数量时,要用“量词+of+不可数名词”结构。
考点1 可数名词复数
可数名词单数变复数方法如下:
一般在词尾方法如下:
eg : pen -pens , computer - computers.
以字母s, x , sh, ch结尾的名词,加-es .
eg : box - boxes, bus - buses , watch - watches , brush - brushes
以字母o结尾的名词,有些加es,有些加s.
eg : tomato=tomatoes , potato- potatoes , photo- photos , piano- pianos
以字母f, fe结尾的名词,一般变f, fe为v再加es .
eg : knife -knives , leaf -leaves .
以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,把y变成i再加es.
eg : family -families , factory -factories
注意以下特殊情况
单复数同形 eg : Chinese - Chinese , Japanese - Japanese, sheep - sheep, deer - deer
不规则变化 eg:foot - feet , man -men , woman - women , child -children , mouse - mice
有些名词常用复数形式
eg : clothes, trousers , pants , shoes
有些名词常用单数形式表示复数概念
eg: people , police
考点2 不可数名词
不可数名词计量时要用“数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”来表示,量词可用单数,也可用复数。
eg : a glass/two glasses of milk 一/两杯牛奶
A piece / three pieces of bread 一/三片面包
◆考点突破
3 ---May I take your order, sir ?
--- _______ .
A . Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rices.
Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rice .
Chickens with begetable and two bowl of rice
考点3 有些名词即可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但它们表达的意义是不同的,见下表:
可数名词
不可数名词
chicken(鸡)
chicken(鸡肉)
fish(鱼)
fish(鱼肉)
glasses (眼镜)
glass(玻璃)
考点4修饰可数名词及不可数名词的词汇。
修饰可数名词的词汇
many , a few , few
修饰不可数名词的词汇
much , a little , little
既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词的词汇
a lot of , lots of , some
eg : some chicken / students 一些鸡肉/学生
many apples 许多苹果
a lot of money /bananas 许多钱/香蕉
much orange 许多橙汁
◆动词like在一般现在时中的用法
实义动词like在肯定句、否定句和疑问句的用法及其答语见下表:
主语
句式
肯定句
否定句
疑问句
简略回答
第一、二人称或第三人称复数
like
don’t like
Do... like.... ?
Yes, .... do . / No, ...don’t
第三人称单数
likes
doesn’t like
Does... like...?
Yes, ...does/ No... doesn’t
eg : I like oranges . She likes bananas.
我喜欢橙子。她喜欢香蕉。
I don’t like pink . He doesn’t like blue .
我不粉色。他不喜欢蓝色。
---Does he like apples ?他喜欢苹果吗?
---Yes, he does / No, he doesn’t
是的,他喜欢/不,人他不喜欢。
考点1 like +sth. like 后跟可数名词复数表示喜欢这一类。
◆点击突破
4.Do you like _______(pear) ?
考点2 like doing sth 表示喜欢、爱好等习惯性的动作。
5.I like ______(go) shopping . What about you ?
◆how much引导的疑问句
考点1 how much 询问价钱
考向:how much 询问某物的价钱、价格。结构为 “How much+be+主语?”。当主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,be动词用is, 答语为:It’s ...; 当主语是可数名词复数或不仅仅是一种东西时,be动词用are , 答语为:They’re ....
eg : How much is the salad ?沙拉多少钱?
It’s five yuan 五元。
How much are the apples ?这些苹果多少钱?
They’re eight yuan 八元。
◆点击突破
6 ---______ are these bananas ?
---$3.99
How much B How long C. How heavy D. How big
考向:询问商品价格时,还可以用“What’s the price of .. .”句型。意为“...的价格是多少?” 无论被询问的物品是不可数名词还是可数名词的单数或复数,be动词都是is , 不能用are . 其答语为It’s ...” (价格是)....”
eg : ---What’s the price of the book ?
这本书的价格是多少?
----It’s five yuan 5 元。
----What’s the price of these eggs ?
这些鸡蛋多少钱?
---It’s ten yuan. 10 元。
考点3 辨析how much 与how many
how much
后接不可数名词
对不可数名词数量提问
单独使用,后不接名词
提问物品价格
how many
后接可数名词复数
对可数名词数量提问
eg : How many pears do you want ?
你想要多少梨?
---How many people are there in your family ?你家有几口人?
---There are five (people )有五口人。
How much meat do you want ?你想要多少肉?
----They are forty yuan 它们40元。
◆点击突破
---_____Disneyband Parks are there in Cina ?
---Two .
A How many B. How often C. How soon D. How long
◆基数词的使用
表示数量多少的数词叫做基数词,如one , two , three 等 。
考点1 基数词的拼写
one- twelve, 无规律可言,应逐一记忆。
thirteen-nineteen , 表示“十几”,在个位数后加后缀-teen,但要注意下面几个词的拼写:thirteen (13), fifteen (15), eighteen (18)
Twenty到ninety , 表示“几十”,以-ty结尾,但需注意下面几个词的拼写:twenty(20), thirty(30), forty(40) , fifty (50), eithty(80)
“几十几“的表达法:用整十数加个位数表示,中间用连字符 “-”把整十数和个位数连接起来。如twenty-five(25), sixty-eight (68)
一百的表达方法为one hundred 或a hundred . 要表示“几百”,用具体数字加上hundred , 如five hundred (500),注意此时的hundred 是单数形式。表示“几百几”时,要在百位数和十位数(或个位数)之间加and. 如:one hundred and two (102)
考点2 基数词的用法
考向一:基数词只能修饰可数名词,要注意数词和名词在数上要保持一致。
eg : one banana 一根香蕉
five boys 五个男孩
考向二:hundred , thousand , million 等数词与具体数字连用时,用单数形式,且后不接介词of; 当其前面没有具体数字时,要用复数形式,且后面要加of.
eg : three hundred teachers 三百位老师
Hundreds of students 数百名学生
◆点击突破
---Where were you born , Michael ?
---I was born in a small village with only three ____ people .
A hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of
9.There are _____ students in our school .
A hundreds B. hundreds of C. hundred of
◆序数词是用来表示人或事物顺序的词
考点1 序数词的构成
巧记充数词:一二三特殊记,th要从四加起;八去t, 九去e , f来把ve替;整十变化需注意, 把y改为ie再加th ;若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。
温馨提示:序数词常用缩写形式,即“阿拉伯数字+序数词的后两个字母”。
eg : first - 1st second -2nd twenty- 24th
◆点击突破
10.There are _____ months in a year . December is the _____ month of a year .
A twelve ; twelve B. twelfth ; twelfth
C twelve ; twelfth D. twelfth ; twelve
考点2 序数词的前面往往加定冠词the . 但当序数词前有物主代词、指示代词等修饰时,则不必加the .
eg : March is the third month of a year .
三月是一年中的第三个月份。
My mother is my first teacher .
我的妈妈是我的第一位老师。
◆点击突破
11.On her ______ birthday , she got an iPad as a gift from her father .
A twelve B. twelfth C. the twelve D. the twelfth
考点3 充数词可以用来表示顺序、编号等,但是应该放在名词的前面。
eg : the fifth lesson 第五课
◆点击突破
12 Dris lives on the _____ floor . It’s too high , so she has to take a lift every day .
A four B. fourth C. forty D. fortieth
考点4 表示编号时既可以用序数词,也可用基数词。用基数词表示编号时,则需要把基数词放在名词之后,且名词首字母要大写,不能加冠词。
eg : Lesson Five = the fifth lesson 第五课
World War Two = the Second World War 第二次世界大战
有的编号习惯上常用基数词
eg : Room 321 (读作room three two one )
321 房间
No.2 Midlle School 第二中学
Class 3 三班 Grade 7 七年级
◆点击突破
13 ---Excuse me , sir . Here’s a package for Lin Tao . Which room does he live in ?
--- _____ .
A 308 Room B. Room 308
C The Room 308 D. The 308 Room
◆名词所有格
考点1 一般的单数名词在词尾趋势加“’”
eg : Jim’s book 吉姆的书。
my father’s car 我父亲的汽车
◆点击突破
14 ---When is ______ (father) Day ?
---On the third Sunday of June .
考点2 以-s 结尾的复数名词在词尾加’。
eg : the students’basketball 学生们的篮球
◆点击突破
15 After the Senior High Engrance Exam . I’ll have a two _______ (month) holiday .
考点3 不以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加’s
eg : Women’s Day 妇女节
Children’s Day 儿童节
考点4 表示无生命的事物的名词,通常用“of+名词”结构表示所有关系。
eg : a map of China 中国地图
of所有格与’s 所有格有时可以互换,不过要注意它们物主的位置不同。
eg : 这只猫的名字是咪咪。
The name of the cat is Mimi . (of结构,物主the cat 在后)
The cat’s name is Mimi . (’s 结构,物主the cat 在前)
’s所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起,构成“of+所有格”形式,它通常表示部分观念,即全体中的一部分,在意义上与“one of ...”相似,它主要修饰of短语之前的那个名词。
试比较:
a picture of Xiao Zhang 小张(本人)的照片
a picture of Xiao Zhang’s 小张(拥有的照片中)的一张照片
考点5 表示共同的所有关系时,仅在最后一词末尾加’s ; 表示各自的所有关系时,词末均须加’s.
eg : Tom and Tim’s mother 汤姆和蒂姆的妈妈
Tom’s and Tim’s rooms 汤姆和房间和蒂姆的房间
◆点击突破
16 ____ room is big and mice .
A Kate’s and Jane’s B. Kate’s and Jane
C Kate and Jane’s
考点6表示“店铺(理发店、面包房等)、诊所、某人家”的名词所有格, 一般省略所修饰的名词。
eg : Let’s go to uncle’s have dinner !
让我们去叔叔家吃晚饭吧!
考点7 有些表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命东西的名词,也可以加’s构成所有格。
eg : today’s newspaper 今天的报纸
five minutes’ walk 步行五分钟的路程
◆点击突破
17 It’s about _____ from our school to my house .
A 20 minutes’ walk B. 20 minute’s walk
C walk of 20 minutes D. 20 minutes’ walk
---What’s your favorite day ?
你最喜欢哪一天?
---My favorite day is Saturday .
我最喜欢星期六。
◆点击突破
18.---What’s your favorite food ?
--- _____ .
A Banana and chicken
B Bananas and chickens
C Banana and chickens
D Bannanas and chicken
考点2 why疑问词
特殊疑问词why 针对“为什么”进行提问,用于询问事件的原因,回答时应使用because .
eg : ---Why do you like the show ?
---Because it’s very funny .
考点3 when 疑问句
特殊疑问词when 针对“什么时间/何时”时行提问,用于提问事件或事情发生的时间 。
eg : ----When is your birthday ?
你的生日是什么时候?
----It’s on November 24th .
是十一月二十四日。
---When do you go to school ?
你什么时候去上学?
---I go to school at 7:30 in the morning .
我早晨七点半去上学。
考点4 who疑问句
特殊疑问词who针对“谁”进行提问,用于提问人物。
eg : ---Who is your head teacher?
谁是你的校长?
---Mr. Brown 布朗先生 。
一.选择题
1.(2017,山东)---Do you often play _____ piano in your free time?
----Do, I like sports. I often play _____ soccer with my friends .
A 不填;the B. the ; 不填
C the; the D. a; a
The young couple (夫妇) are busy ______ the housework .
A for B. to C. with D. at
(2017,四川)I dislike the cat . It’s too dirty .
A love B. would like C. hate
(2017,成都)----____ do you love pandas ?
----Because they are very cute .
(2016,四川)---How many ____are there ?
----About fifty .
(2016?广东)---Mum I’ve heard that we can’t eat _____these days. Is it true ?
---Take it easy . It is safe to eat cooked meat .
A chicken B. chickens C. a chicken D. the chicken
(2016,四川)---Must I return the book this week ?
---No, you _____ . You can ____ it for 20 days .
A mustn’t ; keep B. needn’t ; borrow C. needn’t ; keep
(2017,黑龙江)It will _____ them several years to learn English well.
A cost B. take C. spend
(2017,四川)The plane to Chengdu____ just now . You have to wait until tomorrow.
A took off B. took after C. took out D. took away
(2017,南充)---Hello, man I speak to Miss Wang ?
---Sorry , she isn’t . She _____ the office .
A has been to B. has gone to C. has been away
(2017,内江)You can find many ____ about the famous film star on the Internet .
A news B. pictures C. tickets D. information
(2017?吉林)----Would you like tea or coffee ?
--- _____ , thanks! I’d prefer a coke .
A Both B. Neither C. All D. Some
(2017?湖北)---Must I ____ my camera , ,Mary ?
---No, you ____. Don’t worry . I will take one myself .
A bring ; can’t B. take ; mustn’t C. take ; needn’t
(2017?甘肃)---____are you going to buy for your father for Father’s Day ?
---A T-shirt .
A What B. When C. Where D. How
15.(2017?上海)My sister ____goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day .
词语运用
从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空
buy , play, favorite , without , take place
16 (2016,山东改编)Li Na is a famous tennis _______ .
(2017,四川改编)John could dance well ____ music .
(2016,呼和浩特改编)Great changes _____in my hometown in the last ten years .
19 If you give it (the dog) some money , it ______ the newspaper for you in a few minutes .
20(2017,武汉改编)Mark Twain is Mary’s ____ writer .
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
21 (2017,贵州)The last month of a year is ______ (十二月)。
(2017, 山东) _____(什么时候)do you usually go to school ?
I like _____(草莓) and tomatoes .
_______(星期三)is the fourth day of a week .
What do you have for your _____ (午饭)?
妈妈在忙家务。
Mother is ______ ______ housework .
我叔叔通常骑自行车去上班。
My uncle usually _______ _______ ______ by bike .
让我们看一下你的手表,好吗?
Let’s _____ ______ _______ ______ your watch , shall we ?
他早上不会早起。
He doesn’t _______ _______ early in the morning .
多么有趣的故事啊!
_____ ______ ______ story !
第二讲 七年级上 Units5--9
we(pron.)→_______(宾格)→______(形容词性物主代词)→_______(名词性物主代词)→______ (反身代词)
interest(n. ) →_______(adj.)有趣的→_______ (adj.)感兴趣的
easy(adj)→_______(近义词)容易的→______(adv.)→______ (adj.)反义词
fun (n.)→______(adj.)奇怪的,滑稽好笑的
difficult(adj.)→______(n.)→_______(同义词)→_______(同义词)
relax(v.)→_______(adj.)轻松的,令人放松的→_______(adj.)放松的;自在的
same(adj.)→_______(反义词)
week(n. ) →_______ (adj.)每周的
health(n.)→_______(adj.)→_______(adv.)→_______(形容词的反义词)
twelve(num.)→_______(第十二)
three(num.)→_______(第十三)→_______(三十)
nine(num.)→______(第九) →_______ (十九)→_______(九十)
art (n. ) →______ (艺术家)
music(n.)→________(音乐家)→________(adj.)
science(n.)→_______(科学家)→_______(adj.)
use(v.)→______(adj.)有用的
free(adj.)→_______(反义词)→_______(n.)自由
happy(adj.)→________(反义词)→_______ (adv.)
玩电脑游戏 ________________
打排/篮球_______________________
在同一所学校 _____________________
思考;思索 _______________________
一双_______________________
组织学校郊游____________________
无疑;肯定 ___________________
迟到_______________________
做运动__________________
看一看______________________
销售中;廉价销售_______________
做功课 __________________
◆考点1.let v.
考向1 :表示“让某人做某事”应使用“let sb do sth”,动词let 之后的代词应使用宾格,动词应使用原形。
eg : Let me sing a song 让我来唱首歌吧。
Let him come in 让他进来。
考向2:let’s 是let us的缩写,而不是let is 的缩写。
辨析let’s,let us
let’s
“咱们...吧”
一般包括听者在内
Let’s go to school !
咱们去上学吧!
let us
“让我们...吧”
一般不包括听者在内
Let us go to school !
让我们去上学吧!
考向3: let ...down让...失望(其中间常接人)
eg : I don’t want to let my parents down . 我不想让父母失望。
◆考点突破
(2018?重庆B) Let’s _____ shopping , shall we ?
A to go B. going C. go D. gone
◆考点2.go v.
考向1:go的过去式went , 过去分词gone
考向2:连系动词,后面接形容词,意为“变为;变得”
eg : Her hair is going grey 他的头发日渐花白。
考向3:go的其他用法
go +to+地点名词,表示“去....”。
连系动词,后面接形容词,意为“变为;变得”
eg : Her hair is going greay 她的头发日渐花白。
考向3: go 的其他用法
go +to+地点名词,表示“去.....”。
eg:go to the playground 去操场 go to school 去上学
go 后接表示地点的副词,表示“去...”。
eg : go there 去那儿 go home 回家
go 后接动词ing形式,表示“去做 ....”。
eg : go shopping / swimming / fishing 去购物/游泳/钓鱼
go的常见短语及句型
go out 外出 go on 继续
How is ...going ?.... 进展如何 ?
考向4:go的特殊用法
be going to 结构,表示将来。
have gone to 去了...
◆考点突破
(2017?湖南)---How is everything going in teh hospital , dear ?
--- ______ .
A I’m all right . Thanks .
Not too bad , I guess .
Not at all
That’s all right .Thank you
(2018?江苏)---It is too hot today . Put the meat in the fridge , or it will ______ .
A go badly B. going bad
C go bad D. went bad
(2017?黔西南) Hurry up ! The sky is covered with black clouds . I’m afraid it ____.
A rains B. is going to rain
C rained D. was raining
◆考点3.get v.
考向1:如果get后面接形容词作表语,往往有“变得”之意。
eg : Autumn comes and the leaves get yellow . 秋天来了,树叶变黄了。
考向2: get可作使役动词,表示“使....”
eg : get the car started 发动汽车
考向3 : 辨析get , arrive , reach
考向4 : 辨析get off , get on , get out of , get in
get on
上车(上公共汽车、火车、轮船和飞机)
Please get on the bus one by one . 请一个接一个地上公共汽车 。
get off
下车(下公共汽车、火车、轮船和飞机)
They felt tired after getting off the train . 下了火车后他们感到很疲倦。
get in
上车(上小汽车、出租车)
Mr. Black got in the car and drove off. 布莱克先生上了车,驱车离开了。
get out of
下(小汽车、出租车)
She got out of the taxi and gave the driver fifty yuan 她下了出租车,给了司机50元。
考向5 : 中考常考的get的相关短语
get up 起床
get back返回;找回
get through 接通电话
get away 离开;逃脱
get down 下来
get along /on with ....与....和睦相处,若表示“相处得如何”应在with前加well或badly等修饰词。
eg : I get along well with my friends . 我和我的朋友相处得很好。
◆考点突破
(2017?济南)---Is your beadache getting ____ ?
---No, it’s worse
A better B. bad C. less D. well
7 .(2017?上海模拟)Steven , we should _____ the bus at the next stop .
A get up B. get off C. get to D. get in
8 Good manners can make people _____ each other .
A get on well with B. get off C. get over D. get away
◆考点4.play v.
考向1:play后跟球类名词时,球类名词前不用冠词。
eg : play bascketball/football/volleyball/baseball/tennis /ping-pong/...
打篮球/踢足球/打排球/打棒球/打网球/打乒乓球/....
考向2:当play表示“演奏”,与乐器类名词搭配时,必须在乐器前加the .
eg : play the piano /violin /guitar/ accordinon / ...
弹钢琴/拉小提琴/弹吉他/拉手风琴/......
考向3 :与play相关的词组
play games 做游戏
play sports 参加体育运动
play with sth 玩耍某物
play jokes on 和...开玩笑
eg : Jim often plays jokes on his classroom 吉姆常常和他的同班同学开玩笑。
◆考点突破
9 (2017?四川)She likes playing _____ piano . Her brother likes playing ____ basketball .
A the ; a B. a; the C. / ; the D. the ; /
◆考点5. fun adj.&n.
考向1 :辨析fun , funny
fun
adj.
有趣的(相当于interesting)
English is fun.英语很有趣的。
funny
adj.
滑稽的,好笑的
This joke is funny . 这个笑话很好笑。
考向2:作名词,意为“乐趣”,是不可数名词。
have fun (in)doing sth 做某事很开心=have a good time (in)doing sth =enjoy oneself
eg : We have fun playing cards. 我们玩牌玩得很高兴。
◆考点突破
10 (2017?自贡)We went to the beach last Sunday , and we had great fun ___ volleyball.
A play B playing C. played D. to play
11 (2017?曲靖) 泉城公园是一个很好玩的地方。
Ouancheng Park is a good place to _____ ______
◆考点6.like v. , n. &prep.
考向1:作动词,意为“喜欢”,反义词是dislike .后接名词,代词,动名词或动词不定式作宾语。
eg : I like having a walk after supper 我喜欢晚饭后散步。
I like to watch TV. 我喜欢看电视。
考向2 : 作介词,当“像...怎么样”讲,反义词为unlike
(表示样子)像,相似
He looks like Father Christmas .他看起来像圣诞老人。
(表示行为)像...样
She ran like the wind . 她跑得飞快。
(表示列举)比方, 例如
Try to avoid fatty foods like cakes and biscuits 尽量避免吃蛋糕和饼干这一类高脂食物。
(询问意见)...怎么样
What are Dan’s parents like ?
丹的父母是怎样的人?
考向3:辨析like, as
Like意为“像...一样”。(实际上不是)
eg : He talks to me like my father . 他像父亲那样跟我说话。 (他不是我父亲 )
as意为“作为,以...身份”。 (实际上就是)
eg : He talks to me as a father . 他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。 (他是我父亲 )
考向4 : 作名词,反义词dislike .
eg : Could you tell me your likes and dislikes ?你能告诉我你的好恶吗?
◆考点突破
12 (2018?河南) ---____ does your new friend look like ?
--- He is tall with short blonds hair and big blue eyes .
How B. Who C. What D. Where
13 (2017?宁夏) ---Would you like something to drink ?
---_____ . I’m thirsty .
A Yes, I can B. No, thanks
Yes, please D. No, I don’t like it . .
◆考点7. sure adv.
考向:与sure 有关的短语:
be sure of /that
确信,有把握,其主语是人,主语是感到“有把握,确信”
He is sure of his success = He is sure that he will succeed 他确信他会成功。 (主语是He的信念)
be sure to do
一定, 必定
It is sure to rain . 天准会下雨。
for sure
无疑,肯定
She won’t lend you any money , and that’s for sure. 她不会借给你什么钱的,那一点是肯定的。
Make sure of /that
确信,查明,弄清楚,后面经常加of
Make sure visitors will come tomorrow. 确保游客明天会来。
◆考点突破
14 (2017?新疆) 为了确保人民能安全地用电,工人们正在检查机器。
Workers are examing the machine ______ ______ ______ people can use the electricity safely .
15 (同义句转换)I am sure that he will succeeed.
I am ______ _____ his success.
◆考点8.want v.
考向1 : 同义词组为would like
考向2 : want用法总结:
want sth . “想要某物”
want to do sth 想做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
eg : I want some orange . 我想要一些橙汁。
I want to drink water 我想喝水。
I want her to buy milk . 我想让她去买牛奶 。
◆考点突破
16 (2018?福州) Tony wants ____ a job as a language teacher in China .
A to find B. findingn C. find D. finds
◆考点9 look v. &n.
考向1:look 为系动词,后面加形容词作表语。
eg : He looks handsome in that blue shirt .
他穿那件蓝色衬衣很帅。
考向2 :辨析look 与see
look 强调看的动作,且后面加at后才能接宾语;
see强调看的结果,可以直接接宾语。
eg : I looked but couldn’t see it clearly 我看了,可是看不清楚。
考向3 :与look 相关的短语有:
look over
检查
Would you mind helping me look over my exercises?你介意帮我把练习检查一下吗?
look after=
take care of
照顾
I can look after myself 我能照顾自己。
look up
查阅,向上看
Look up the word in the dictionary . 在词典中查这个单词。
look through
浏览
She looked through her notes before the exam 她考试前匆匆看了一下笔记。
look for
寻找
The girl is looking for her mother . 这个女孩正在寻找她的妈妈。
look out =
take care =
watch out
小心, 当心
Look out ! There’s a car coming !当心!汽车来了!
take/have a look
at
看一看
Please let me take a good look at your new skirt 请让我好好看看你的新短裙。
◆考点突破
17 (2017?兰州)Again and again the doctor ______ the crying baby girl , but he couldn’t find out what was wrong with her .
looked over B. looked after
C looked for D. looked out
18 (2017?广西) Linda, I have to go shopping now . Please _____ your little sister at home .
A look for B. look like C. look after D. look up
19 (2018?山东) If you want to know more information about the coming party , please ______ the website : http:// www. happyweekends. Com
A set up B. look through C. pick out D. turn off
◆考点10 take v.
考向1: 当你选定商品,决定要买时,就可以说“I’ll take it / them.” 而不说“I’ll buy it /them .”这里的it/them指代的是上文提到的商品。
考向2:take表示“乘、坐”某一交通工具。
eg : He takes a bus to go to school every day = He goes to school by bus every day. 他每天乘公共汽车上学。
考向3:take表示“拿,取”之意,后面常可带宾语,它强调将某人或某物从说话地点带到其他地方去。
eg : Could you take my bag to the classroom , please ?
请你把我的书包拿到教室去好吗?
考向4:take表示“花费”之意时,其常用句型为:It takes sb. some time to do sth . 注意后面动词前的to不可丢掉。
eg : It takes him an hour to do his himework every evening .
每天晚上他要花一个小时做作业 。
考向5:take表“吃,喝”时,与eat , drink, have 意思相近,但表示“吃药”时通常只用take .
eg : You must take the medicine after meals . 你一定要在饭后吃药。
考向6:(1)中考常考的与take 相关的短语
take place 发生(无被动语态); take care of (=look after)照顾
take care = watch out = look out 小心
take away 拿走
take after 像
take in 吸收;领会;欺骗;接待
take on 承担;呈现;雇用
take over 接管
take down拆掉
take up 开始从事;接受(提议);占用
take out (of ) 取出;切除;带...出去
eg : Great changes have taken place in China during the last few decades . 在过去几十年里, 中国发生了巨大的变化 。
Who is taking care of the boy ?谁在照看那个男孩?
The plane will take off at three o’clock.
飞机将在3点钟起飞。
Don’t take away books from the library .
不准把书从图书馆拿走。
(2 )take的常用短语
take one’s temperature 给某人量体温
take one’s order 听某人的吩咐
take one’s place 代替
take pictures/photos 照相
take on a new look 呈现新面貌
take a seat =have a seat 坐下
take a walk 散步
take a shower洗淋浴
take a message 捎口信
take a break -take breaks 休息一下
take a risk =take risks冒险
eg : Let’s take a break 咱们休息会儿吧。
◆考点突破
20 (2018.山东)---It’s too hot today .
---Yes. Why don’t you _____ your jacket ?
A put on B. put up C. take off D. take after
21 (2017, 湖北) It usually _____ mum about half an hour to cook supper.
A pays B. takes C. spends D. costs
22 (2017,广州)Thanks for your invitatiion , but I’m so sorry I can’t go . I need to ____ my baby at home .
A take away B. take off C. take care of D. take out of
23 (2017,山东) The Olympic Games of 2016 will _____ in Brazil .
A take after B. take off C. take place D. take away
◆考点11 buy v.
考向1 :buy 的过去式和过去分词均为bought .
考向2 :与介词构成的短语:
buy sth for sb 表示“给某人买某物”
eg : Little Tom bought some flowers for his mother on Mother’s Day .
小汤姆在母亲节那天为母亲买了一些花。
易错:buy还用于buy ...from ...结构,指“从....买...”, 在此结构中,介词是易错考点。
eg : She buys a coat from the clothes store .
她从这家衣服店里买了件外套。
考向3 : buy 在完成时态中对应的持续性动词是have .
How long have you had this mountain bike ?
你这辆山地自行车买了多长时间了?
考向4 : buy的反义词为sell .
sell 的常用搭配为sell sb sth =sell sth to sb 意为“卖给某人某物”。
易错:在此考点中,介词to是易错考点。
◆考点突破
24 He buys an English book ____that bookstore .
A to B. from C. near D. off
◆考点12. all adj.&adv.&pron.
考向1 : 辨析whole 与all
whole
常位于冠词、所有格或别的限定词之后。
We spent the whole day (all the day ) on the work . 我们花了一整天在这项工作上。
all
放在限定词之前。
All his family (His whole family ) aren’t here . 他们一家人都不在这儿。
考向2 :辨析all 与both
all
指三者或三者以上都
All of my classmates came to my birthday party . 我所有的同班同学都来参加了我的生日聚会。
both
指两者都
Both of my parents are teachers . 我的父母都是老师。
考向3 :归纳常考的all 的短语
in all 总共,共计
all over 到处,处处;浑身;全部结束
after all 毕竟;终究
above all 最重要的
first of all 首先
all right 好, 行
◆考点突破
25 (2017,山东)---Which of two T-shirts will you take ?
---I’ll take ______ . One is for my brother and the other is for myself .
A either B. both C. neither D. all
◆考点13. price n .
考向 1:在曲语中询问价钱的句型有:What’s the price of ...? 和How much do/does ...cost ?
eg : What’s the price of the mobile phone ?
这部手机多少钱?
考向2:the price of 意为“......的价格”,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
eg : The price of the shirt is 100 yuan . 这件衬衫的价格是100元。
考向3:描述物品贵时用expensive , 便宜用cheap , 而表示价格高用high, 价格低用low.
eg : They sell the clothes at a low price .
他们低价出售这些衣服。
This T-shirt is very cheap .
这件T 恤衫很便宜。
◆考点突破
26(2017,湖北)----Is the price of the backpack very _____ ?
----No, it _____ me only twenty yuan .
A high ; spent B. expensive ; takes C. high ; cost D. cheap ; spends
◆一般现在时中have的用法
当表示“某人有某物”时,我们可以用have来表示所属关系。
句式
人称
主语为第一人称(I , we),第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they)
主语为第三人称单数(he , she , it等)
肯定句
I have ....
He has ...
否定句
I don’t have ...
He doesn’t have ...
一般疑问句用回答
Do you have ...?
Does he have...?
Yes, I do/ No, I don’t
Yes,he does / No, he doesn’t .
考点:表所属关系,看清人称,找准助动词。
考向: 辨析have /has 与there be
have/has
表示所属关系,即“某人或某物有什么”
I have a sister . 我有个妹妹。
there be
表示存在,即“某地有某物”,遵循就近原则
There are some boys in the roonm . 房间里有一些男孩。
注意:当表示某物的构成或组成部分时,用there be句型或have/has 均可。 eg : There are fifty students in our class. =Our class has fifty students . 我们班有50个学生。
◆考点突破
---_____ she have a soccer ball ? ---No, she _____ ,
A Is ; isn’t B. Does ; doesn’t
C Does ; don’t D. Do ; doesn’t
2 .There _____ a basketball and a volleyball in the box .
A has B. have C. is D. are
◆可数名词和不可数名词
名词可以分可数名词和不可数名词。 它们的定义,特点和用法的区别见下表:
分类
可数名词
不可数名词
定义
表示可以用数量计算的名词。
表示不可以用数量计算的名词。
特点
有单、复数形式之分。
没有复数形式,但有量的形式。
用法
可以直接用不定冠词a/an或具体的数词如one , two , three等来修饰。
不能使用不定冠词或数词直接修饰,如要表示确切数量时,要用“量词+of+不可数名词”结构。
考点1 可数名词复数
可数名词单数变复数方法如下:
一般在词尾方法如下:
eg : pen -pens , computer - computers.
以字母s, x , sh, ch结尾的名词,加-es .
eg : box - boxes, bus - buses , watch - watches , brush - brushes
以字母o结尾的名词,有些加es,有些加s.
eg : tomato=tomatoes , potato- potatoes , photo- photos , piano- pianos
以字母f, fe结尾的名词,一般变f, fe为v再加es .
eg : knife -knives , leaf -leaves .
以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,把y变成i再加es.
eg : family -families , factory -factories
注意以下特殊情况
单复数同形 eg : Chinese - Chinese , Japanese - Japanese, sheep - sheep, deer - deer
不规则变化 eg:foot - feet , man -men , woman - women , child -children , mouse - mice
有些名词常用复数形式
eg : clothes, trousers , pants , shoes
有些名词常用单数形式表示复数概念
eg: people , police
考点2 不可数名词
不可数名词计量时要用“数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”来表示,量词可用单数,也可用复数。
eg : a glass/two glasses of milk 一/两杯牛奶
A piece / three pieces of bread 一/三片面包
◆考点突破
3 ---May I take your order, sir ?
--- _______ .
A . Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rices.
Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rice .
Chickens with begetable and two bowl of rice
考点3 有些名词即可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但它们表达的意义是不同的,见下表:
可数名词
不可数名词
chicken(鸡)
chicken(鸡肉)
fish(鱼)
fish(鱼肉)
glasses (眼镜)
glass(玻璃)
考点4修饰可数名词及不可数名词的词汇。
修饰可数名词的词汇
many , a few , few
修饰不可数名词的词汇
much , a little , little
既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词的词汇
a lot of , lots of , some
eg : some chicken / students 一些鸡肉/学生
many apples 许多苹果
a lot of money /bananas 许多钱/香蕉
much orange 许多橙汁
◆动词like在一般现在时中的用法
实义动词like在肯定句、否定句和疑问句的用法及其答语见下表:
主语
句式
肯定句
否定句
疑问句
简略回答
第一、二人称或第三人称复数
like
don’t like
Do... like.... ?
Yes, .... do . / No, ...don’t
第三人称单数
likes
doesn’t like
Does... like...?
Yes, ...does/ No... doesn’t
eg : I like oranges . She likes bananas.
我喜欢橙子。她喜欢香蕉。
I don’t like pink . He doesn’t like blue .
我不粉色。他不喜欢蓝色。
---Does he like apples ?他喜欢苹果吗?
---Yes, he does / No, he doesn’t
是的,他喜欢/不,人他不喜欢。
考点1 like +sth. like 后跟可数名词复数表示喜欢这一类。
◆点击突破
4.Do you like _______(pear) ?
考点2 like doing sth 表示喜欢、爱好等习惯性的动作。
5.I like ______(go) shopping . What about you ?
◆how much引导的疑问句
考点1 how much 询问价钱
考向:how much 询问某物的价钱、价格。结构为 “How much+be+主语?”。当主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,be动词用is, 答语为:It’s ...; 当主语是可数名词复数或不仅仅是一种东西时,be动词用are , 答语为:They’re ....
eg : How much is the salad ?沙拉多少钱?
It’s five yuan 五元。
How much are the apples ?这些苹果多少钱?
They’re eight yuan 八元。
◆点击突破
6 ---______ are these bananas ?
---$3.99
How much B How long C. How heavy D. How big
考向:询问商品价格时,还可以用“What’s the price of .. .”句型。意为“...的价格是多少?” 无论被询问的物品是不可数名词还是可数名词的单数或复数,be动词都是is , 不能用are . 其答语为It’s ...” (价格是)....”
eg : ---What’s the price of the book ?
这本书的价格是多少?
----It’s five yuan 5 元。
----What’s the price of these eggs ?
这些鸡蛋多少钱?
---It’s ten yuan. 10 元。
考点3 辨析how much 与how many
how much
后接不可数名词
对不可数名词数量提问
单独使用,后不接名词
提问物品价格
how many
后接可数名词复数
对可数名词数量提问
eg : How many pears do you want ?
你想要多少梨?
---How many people are there in your family ?你家有几口人?
---There are five (people )有五口人。
How much meat do you want ?你想要多少肉?
----They are forty yuan 它们40元。
◆点击突破
---_____Disneyband Parks are there in Cina ?
---Two .
A How many B. How often C. How soon D. How long
◆基数词的使用
表示数量多少的数词叫做基数词,如one , two , three 等 。
考点1 基数词的拼写
one- twelve, 无规律可言,应逐一记忆。
thirteen-nineteen , 表示“十几”,在个位数后加后缀-teen,但要注意下面几个词的拼写:thirteen (13), fifteen (15), eighteen (18)
Twenty到ninety , 表示“几十”,以-ty结尾,但需注意下面几个词的拼写:twenty(20), thirty(30), forty(40) , fifty (50), eithty(80)
“几十几“的表达法:用整十数加个位数表示,中间用连字符 “-”把整十数和个位数连接起来。如twenty-five(25), sixty-eight (68)
一百的表达方法为one hundred 或a hundred . 要表示“几百”,用具体数字加上hundred , 如five hundred (500),注意此时的hundred 是单数形式。表示“几百几”时,要在百位数和十位数(或个位数)之间加and. 如:one hundred and two (102)
考点2 基数词的用法
考向一:基数词只能修饰可数名词,要注意数词和名词在数上要保持一致。
eg : one banana 一根香蕉
five boys 五个男孩
考向二:hundred , thousand , million 等数词与具体数字连用时,用单数形式,且后不接介词of; 当其前面没有具体数字时,要用复数形式,且后面要加of.
eg : three hundred teachers 三百位老师
Hundreds of students 数百名学生
◆点击突破
---Where were you born , Michael ?
---I was born in a small village with only three ____ people .
A hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of
9.There are _____ students in our school .
A hundreds B. hundreds of C. hundred of
◆序数词是用来表示人或事物顺序的词
考点1 序数词的构成
巧记充数词:一二三特殊记,th要从四加起;八去t, 九去e , f来把ve替;整十变化需注意, 把y改为ie再加th ;若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。
温馨提示:序数词常用缩写形式,即“阿拉伯数字+序数词的后两个字母”。
eg : first - 1st second -2nd twenty- 24th
◆点击突破
10.There are _____ months in a year . December is the _____ month of a year .
A twelve ; twelve B. twelfth ; twelfth
C twelve ; twelfth D. twelfth ; twelve
考点2 序数词的前面往往加定冠词the . 但当序数词前有物主代词、指示代词等修饰时,则不必加the .
eg : March is the third month of a year .
三月是一年中的第三个月份。
My mother is my first teacher .
我的妈妈是我的第一位老师。
◆点击突破
11.On her ______ birthday , she got an iPad as a gift from her father .
A twelve B. twelfth C. the twelve D. the twelfth
考点3 充数词可以用来表示顺序、编号等,但是应该放在名词的前面。
eg : the fifth lesson 第五课
◆点击突破
12 Dris lives on the _____ floor . It’s too high , so she has to take a lift every day .
A four B. fourth C. forty D. fortieth
考点4 表示编号时既可以用序数词,也可用基数词。用基数词表示编号时,则需要把基数词放在名词之后,且名词首字母要大写,不能加冠词。
eg : Lesson Five = the fifth lesson 第五课
World War Two = the Second World War 第二次世界大战
有的编号习惯上常用基数词
eg : Room 321 (读作room three two one )
321 房间
No.2 Midlle School 第二中学
Class 3 三班 Grade 7 七年级
◆点击突破
13 ---Excuse me , sir . Here’s a package for Lin Tao . Which room does he live in ?
--- _____ .
A 308 Room B. Room 308
C The Room 308 D. The 308 Room
◆名词所有格
考点1 一般的单数名词在词尾趋势加“’”
eg : Jim’s book 吉姆的书。
my father’s car 我父亲的汽车
◆点击突破
14 ---When is ______ (father) Day ?
---On the third Sunday of June .
考点2 以-s 结尾的复数名词在词尾加’。
eg : the students’basketball 学生们的篮球
◆点击突破
15 After the Senior High Engrance Exam . I’ll have a two _______ (month) holiday .
考点3 不以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加’s
eg : Women’s Day 妇女节
Children’s Day 儿童节
考点4 表示无生命的事物的名词,通常用“of+名词”结构表示所有关系。
eg : a map of China 中国地图
of所有格与’s 所有格有时可以互换,不过要注意它们物主的位置不同。
eg : 这只猫的名字是咪咪。
The name of the cat is Mimi . (of结构,物主the cat 在后)
The cat’s name is Mimi . (’s 结构,物主the cat 在前)
’s所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起,构成“of+所有格”形式,它通常表示部分观念,即全体中的一部分,在意义上与“one of ...”相似,它主要修饰of短语之前的那个名词。
试比较:
a picture of Xiao Zhang 小张(本人)的照片
a picture of Xiao Zhang’s 小张(拥有的照片中)的一张照片
考点5 表示共同的所有关系时,仅在最后一词末尾加’s ; 表示各自的所有关系时,词末均须加’s.
eg : Tom and Tim’s mother 汤姆和蒂姆的妈妈
Tom’s and Tim’s rooms 汤姆和房间和蒂姆的房间
◆点击突破
16 ____ room is big and mice .
A Kate’s and Jane’s B. Kate’s and Jane
C Kate and Jane’s
考点6表示“店铺(理发店、面包房等)、诊所、某人家”的名词所有格, 一般省略所修饰的名词。
eg : Let’s go to uncle’s have dinner !
让我们去叔叔家吃晚饭吧!
考点7 有些表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命东西的名词,也可以加’s构成所有格。
eg : today’s newspaper 今天的报纸
five minutes’ walk 步行五分钟的路程
◆点击突破
17 It’s about _____ from our school to my house .
A 20 minutes’ walk B. 20 minute’s walk
C walk of 20 minutes D. 20 minutes’ walk
---What’s your favorite day ?
你最喜欢哪一天?
---My favorite day is Saturday .
我最喜欢星期六。
◆点击突破
18.---What’s your favorite food ?
--- _____ .
A Banana and chicken
B Bananas and chickens
C Banana and chickens
D Bannanas and chicken
考点2 why疑问词
特殊疑问词why 针对“为什么”进行提问,用于询问事件的原因,回答时应使用because .
eg : ---Why do you like the show ?
---Because it’s very funny .
考点3 when 疑问句
特殊疑问词when 针对“什么时间/何时”时行提问,用于提问事件或事情发生的时间 。
eg : ----When is your birthday ?
你的生日是什么时候?
----It’s on November 24th .
是十一月二十四日。
---When do you go to school ?
你什么时候去上学?
---I go to school at 7:30 in the morning .
我早晨七点半去上学。
考点4 who疑问句
特殊疑问词who针对“谁”进行提问,用于提问人物。
eg : ---Who is your head teacher?
谁是你的校长?
---Mr. Brown 布朗先生 。
一.选择题
1.(2017,山东)---Do you often play _____ piano in your free time?
----Do, I like sports. I often play _____ soccer with my friends .
A 不填;the B. the ; 不填
C the; the D. a; a
The young couple (夫妇) are busy ______ the housework .
A for B. to C. with D. at
(2017,四川)I dislike the cat . It’s too dirty .
A love B. would like C. hate
(2017,成都)----____ do you love pandas ?
----Because they are very cute .
(2016,四川)---How many ____are there ?
----About fifty .
(2016?广东)---Mum I’ve heard that we can’t eat _____these days. Is it true ?
---Take it easy . It is safe to eat cooked meat .
A chicken B. chickens C. a chicken D. the chicken
(2016,四川)---Must I return the book this week ?
---No, you _____ . You can ____ it for 20 days .
A mustn’t ; keep B. needn’t ; borrow C. needn’t ; keep
(2017,黑龙江)It will _____ them several years to learn English well.
A cost B. take C. spend
(2017,四川)The plane to Chengdu____ just now . You have to wait until tomorrow.
A took off B. took after C. took out D. took away
(2017,南充)---Hello, man I speak to Miss Wang ?
---Sorry , she isn’t . She _____ the office .
A has been to B. has gone to C. has been away
(2017,内江)You can find many ____ about the famous film star on the Internet .
A news B. pictures C. tickets D. information
(2017?吉林)----Would you like tea or coffee ?
--- _____ , thanks! I’d prefer a coke .
A Both B. Neither C. All D. Some
(2017?湖北)---Must I ____ my camera , ,Mary ?
---No, you ____. Don’t worry . I will take one myself .
A bring ; can’t B. take ; mustn’t C. take ; needn’t
(2017?甘肃)---____are you going to buy for your father for Father’s Day ?
---A T-shirt .
A What B. When C. Where D. How
15.(2017?上海)My sister ____goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day .
词语运用
从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空
buy , play, favorite , without , take place
16 (2016,山东改编)Li Na is a famous tennis _______ .
(2017,四川改编)John could dance well ____ music .
(2016,呼和浩特改编)Great changes _____in my hometown in the last ten years .
19 If you give it (the dog) some money , it ______ the newspaper for you in a few minutes .
20(2017,武汉改编)Mark Twain is Mary’s ____ writer .
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
21 (2017,贵州)The last month of a year is ______ (十二月)。
(2017, 山东) _____(什么时候)do you usually go to school ?
I like _____(草莓) and tomatoes .
_______(星期三)is the fourth day of a week .
What do you have for your _____ (午饭)?
妈妈在忙家务。
Mother is ______ ______ housework .
我叔叔通常骑自行车去上班。
My uncle usually _______ _______ ______ by bike .
让我们看一下你的手表,好吗?
Let’s _____ ______ _______ ______ your watch , shall we ?
他早上不会早起。
He doesn’t _______ _______ early in the morning .
多么有趣的故事啊!
_____ ______ ______ story !