Unit 4 Learning effectively Using language 课件（31张）

课件31张PPT。Learning Efficiently
Using language
How do you learn best?
How can you be an efficient learner?
How can you perform well in …?
13542ACEDBHow can you work out the jigsaw puzzle?jigsaw puzzlethe whole picture
pattern
colour
…gap-filling七选五“根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。”
该题型考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握，提高对非连续性文本的解读能力。
--《考试说明》 （一模）We all want to be better at something, After all, self-improvement is necessary to getting ahead at work. Here are some general rules you can follow.
Check your readiness
When working on a new skill or competency, you need to ask yourself two things.
36 . “There are certain limits to what you can learn,” explains Weintraub. “For example, you may want to be a brain surgeon, but not have the eye-hand coordination required.” Second, how much time and energy can you give to the project? Self-improvement is hard work. Halvorson says: “Many people implicitly believe that if you have to work hard at something, it means you lack ability. This is rubbish.” 37___ Unless your goal is reachable and you’re prepared to work hard, you won’t get very far.
Know how you learn best
Some learn best by looking at graphics or reading. Others would rather watch demonstrations or listen to things being explained. 38 Halvorson says you can figure out your ideal learning style by looking back. “Reflect on some of your past learning experiences, and make a list of good ones and another list of bad ones. What do they have in common? Identifying common strands can help you determine the learning environment that works best for you.” she says.
_______39_________
One of the quickest ways to learn something new, and to practice it, is to teach others how to do it. So share what you learn with your team, your manager, or your co-workers. You can force yourself to do it by putting a “teaching” date on your calendar or agreeing to lead a formal training session a few months down the road. With objectives like those, your learning will be much more focused and practical.
Start small
40 . “You can’t take on everything. If you do, you’ll never do it,” says Weintraub. Instead, choose one or two skills to focus on at a time, and break that skill down into manageable goals.
总
分
（四个小标题）
（一模）We all want to be better at something, After all, self-improvement is necessary to getting ahead at work. Here are some general rules you can follow.
Check your readiness
When working on a new skill or competency, you need to ask yourself two things.
36 . “There are certain limits to what you can learn,” explains Weintraub. “For example, you may want to be a brain surgeon, but not have the eye-hand coordination required.” Second, how much time and energy can you give to the project? Self-improvement is hard work. Halvorson says: “Many people implicitly believe that if you have to work hard at something, it means you lack ability. This is rubbish.” 37 ______ Unless your goal is reachable and you’re prepared to work hard, you won’t get very far.
Know how you learn best
Some learn best by looking at graphics or reading. Others would rather watch demonstrations or listen to things being explained. 38 Halvorson says you can figure out your ideal learning style by looking back. “Reflect on some of your past learning experiences, and make a list of good ones and another list of bad ones. What do they have in common? Identifying common strands can help you determine the learning environment that works best for you.” she says.
___________39_____________
One of the quickest ways to learn something new, and to practice it, is to teach others how to do it. So share what you learn with your team, your manager, or your co-workers. You can force yourself to do it by putting a “teaching” date on your calendar or agreeing to lead a formal training session a few months down the road. With objectives like those, your learning will be much more focused and practical.
Start small
40 . “You can’t take on everything. If you do, you’ll never do it,” says Weintraub. Instead, choose one or two skills to focus on at a time, and break that skill down into manageable goals.
Instead, .. extreme commitmentChallenge to teach it to othersSelf-improvement can feel stressfulStill others need a “hands-on” experience.First, is your goal reachable?First, is your goal reachable?列举关系因果关系转折关系列举关系A. First, is your goal reachable?
B. Challenge to teach it to others
C. Firstly, do you have a clear goal?
D. Self-improvement can feel stressful.
E. Self-improvement is too hard to realize.
F. Still others need a “hands-on” experience.
G. Instead, recognize that learning a new skill takes extreme
commitment.
A G F B D
structure
框架脉络
title
sub-titles
topic sentences
…
coherence
衔接连贯
contexts (words & phrases)
logical relations
…
discourse
语篇语篇？
表达意义的语言单位 = 语言知识 + 文化知识
一个单词、一个短语、一句话、一段话、一本书…
“语言学习者不仅需要运用词汇和
语法知识，而且需要将语言组织
为意义连贯的语篇。”
--《普通高中英语课程标准 2017年版》
宏观：
句与句、段与段、各部分与主题、标题与正文、语篇类型
微观：
句子内部语法结构、词语搭配、指代关系、信息展开方式
七选五选项类型
主题句
过渡句
细节句
宏观微观《普通高中英语新课程》语篇知识内容要求（P27-28）
1.议论文、说明文、记叙文等语篇的主要结构特征（如该语篇的必要组成部分、各组成部分的顺序等）；
2. 语篇中段的首句、主题句、过渡句的作用和位置及行文特征；
3. 语篇中的显性衔接（使用代词、连接词、省略句、替代等手段实现指代、连接、省略、替代）和隐形衔接的连贯手段（如在不使用buthowever等连接词语的情况下实现转折、对比等）。
4. 语篇成分（如句子、句群）之间的语义逻辑：如：列举关系、因果关系、转折关系等。
Logical Relations
1. 列举关系
first—second/ then—last of all, some—others—still others, one—another,
for one thing—for another thing, on one hand—on the other hand, to begin with—to continue/next…
2. 转折关系
but, however, yet, while, rather than, instead (of), on the contrary, by contrast, whereas, unlike, unfortunately, on the other hand, to tell you the truth …
3. 因果关系
because, for, since, as, therefore, thus, so(such) … that, too…to, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, for this reason, lead to, result in, hence, consequently, accordingly, in response to…
4. 并列关系
and, or, neither…nor, either…or, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, in other words, as well as, the same…as...
5. 递进关系
and then, also, besides, additionally, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what is more/ worse ...
6. 总结关系
in a word, in brief, in short, in all, in conclusion, to conclude, to sum up,
to summarize, to put it in one word, to generalize, altogether …
7. 举例关系
such as,for instance / example, to take an example, namely, to illustrate, as an illustration, include, more specifically speaking, of/ among those/them…
8. 让步关系
although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of Although most games have winners and losers,_____________________________. The real goals include getting exercise, having fun, and learning important social skills, like good sportsmanship.
A. good sportsmanship can be shown in many ways.
B. the goal of sports is not to win every game.让步关系When you are in love with someone, you may
refuse to see anything bad about that person.
To generalize ________
“Love is blind”, as the proverb says.
“Love is indispensable”, as we all know.总结关系 When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. ____They might have had similar problems.
Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.?
You need to figure out what the problem is.?
And don't forget about your friends.?
√举例关系Practice高考实战
【2017新课标全国卷】
（2017年全国新课标I ）
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 .
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor's bill for my son's food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.
分
总总 （2017年全国新课标I ）
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 .
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.
37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor's bill for my son's food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.
38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.I?was?to?learn?a?lot?about?camping?since?then,?however.The?trip?they?took?me?on?was?a?rough?oneThis?time?there?was?no?tent.After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.I?must?say?that?I?have?certainly?come?to?enjoy?camping. 转折关系转折关系因果关系举例关系递进关系A．This?time?there?was?no?tent.B．Things?are?going?to?be?improved.C．The?trip?they?took?me?on?was?a?rough?one.D．I?was?to?learn?a?lot?about?camping?since?then,?however.E．I?must?say?that?I?have?certainly?come?to?enjoy?camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
D C A F E

Things?are?going?to?be?improved.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.To be an examiner!If you are the gap-maker, which sentence below will you make it a gap?
and why？我也能命题啦！Group discussion Secret codes keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.?? People have used secret codes for thousands of years. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.?? There are three main types of cryptography. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13550135.”?? A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” It is very hard to break a code without the code book. However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently. 总
分
Secret codes keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.?? People have used secret codes for thousands of years. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. ?? There are three main types of cryptography. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13550135.” ?? A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” It is very hard to break a code without the code book. However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently. 2016年全国新课标 I --七选五 Secret codes keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.?? People have used secret codes for thousands of years. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.?? There are three main types of cryptography. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13550135.”?? A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” It is very hard to break a code without the code book. However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently. Consolidating Methods
逆向思维，逆袭高考！语 篇

宏观：
微观：
衔接连贯框架脉络conclusion利用结构化知识图 / 思维导图分析语篇成分间的语义逻辑Homework
Finish the gap-filling exercises on the paper.Thank you for attention！Thank you for your attention！Practice more, and you will be a good gap-filler.