2018-2019学年高一上学期训练卷
必修一 Unit 2 English around the world
英 语 （二）
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
There is a popular saying in the English language: “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” Well, that is not true. Unkind words, name-calling or even the so-called “the silent treatment” can hurt children as much as being physically hit, sometimes even more so.
A recent study of middle school children showed that verbal (言语的) abuse by other children can harm development in the brain. The study was a project of researchers at Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts. Researcher Martin Teicher and his team studied young adults, aged 18 to 25. These young men and women had not ever been treated in a cruel or violent way by their parents. The researchers asked the young people to rate their childhood exposure to verbal abuse from both parents and other children. Then the researchers performed imaging tests on the brains of the subjects.
The images showed that the people who reported suffering verbal abuse from peers in middle school had underdeveloped connections between the left and right side of the brain. The two sides of the brain are connected by a large bundle of connecting fibers called the corpus callosum. This was the area that was underdeveloped.
The middle school years are a time when these brain connections are developing. So, unkind, hurtful comments from children or adults during this period have the greatest effect. The researchers tested the mental and emotional condition of all the young people in the study. The tests showed that this same group of people had higher levels of fear, depression, anger and drug abuse than others in the study.
The researchers published their findings online on the American Journal of Psychiatry’s website.
Parents cannot control what other people say to their children, but they can prepare their children.
1. Why does the author use the popular saying at the beginning?
A. To show the power of words.
B. To introduce an opposite view.
C. To prove the author’s argument.
D. To show ancient people’s wisdom.
2. What did the subjects of the study have in common?
A. They were hurt by unkind words.
B. They performed poorly in imaging tests.
C. They had their brain slightly damaged.
D. They experienced no physical abuse at home.
3. What will be discussed in the next paragraph?
A. Comments on the findings.
B. Approaches to further studies.
C. Suggestions to parents.
D. Different opinions on the matter.
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The way we speak matters.
B. Verbal violence should be stopped.
C. Unkind words hurt the brain.
D. Words are worse than sticks and stones.
B
The US teenager Thomas Cheatham had planned to study Latin during his time at Hebron High School in Texas. But when he learned that the school district was going to offer a Mandarin class, he quickly changed his mind.
“I thought Mandarin would be more beneficial than Latin,” said Cheatham, who is now in his second year of studying the language. He speaks Mandarin to order food at Chinese restaurants and can read social media posts from his Chinese-speaking friends.
While it’s a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career. “Chinese is a good language to know, especially with China becoming a growing power,” he said.
Many experts agree that proficiency in a language spoken by a billion people worldwide will give American students an edge in the global economy. “People are looking at China as our next economic competitor, and interest in Mandarin is growing,” said Marty Abbott, executive director of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. “We’re seeing it in all parts of the country. ”
Abbott estimates that as many as 100, 000 students are now studying Mandarin throughout the US, in public and private schools. She said the US government has designated (指定) Mandarin as a “critical needs” language and provides professional development programs for teachers. “Our government wants to increase our language competency for national security and economic competitiveness,” Abbott said.
At the same time, the Chinese government is spreading knowledge of the Chinese language and culture through Confucius Institutes established in many US states. For example, the Confucius Institute at the University of Texas in Dallas has been the home of a Confucius Institute for 10 years. It sponsors Confucius Classrooms at 21 local public and private schools, where tens of thousands of students are learning Mandarin.
5. Thomas Cheatham decided to study Mandarin instead of Latin because he thought ________. ?
A. Mandarin was easier to learn than Latin
B. Mandarin might help him learn more about Chinese food
C. Mandarin could enable him to make more friends online
D. Mandarin could be advantageous in his future career
6. The underlined word “proficiency” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. ?
A. strong interest B. great skill
C. lack of practice D. a level of difficulty
7. Which of the following statements might Marty Abbott agree with?
A. Mandarin should be taught in classrooms throughout the US.
B. The US government’s policy has helped popularize Mandarin in the US.
C. Many Americans learn Mandarin because they worry about their national security.
D. Those competent at Chinese will be the most competitive in the US in the future.
8. What is the main idea of the article?
A. The rising popularity of Mandarin among American students.
B. The influence of China’s growing power on American education.
C. The benefits of learning Mandarin for American students.
D. How Confucius Institutes in the US help promote Mandarin.
Ⅱ. 完形填空
Jenna had graduated from her middle school and was lucky enough to be admitted to Westwood College. She was ready for new 1 at the college and filled with confidence. 2 , she didn’t expect it that college life was quite 3 . In the first week, Jenna went to tryouts for cheerleaders. She was competing against very talented girls, and she knew it would be 4 for her to be selected. Two hours later, the 5 read a list of the girls for a second tryout. Her heart 6 as the list ended without her name. Feeling 7 , she walked back to her dormitory carrying her schoolbag full of homework. ?
Arriving at the dormitory, she started with 8 . She had always been a good math student, but now she was 9 . She moved on to English and history, and was 10 to find that she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better, she decided not to 11 math for the time being. ?
The next day Jenna went to see Mrs Biden about being on the school 12 . Mrs Biden wasn’t as enthusiastic as Jenna. “I’m sorry, 13 we have enough 14 for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we’ll talk then. ” Jenna smiled 15 and left. “Why is college so different? ” she sighed. ?
Later in math class, Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much 16 . By the end of the class, she understood how to get them right. As she gathered her books, Jenna decided she’d 17 to try to fit in with her new school. She wasn’t sure if she’d 18 , but she knew she had to try. College was just as her mom had said, “You will feel like a small fish in a big pond 19 a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the 20 fish you can be. ”?
1. A. decisions B. challenges C. problems D. exercises
2. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Otherwise
3. A. normal B. necessary C. different D. desperate
4. A. simple B. troublesome C. certain D. difficult
5. A. editor B. judge C. boss D. candidate
6. A. stopped B. jumped C. sank D. changed
7. A. awful B. lonely C. happy D. strange
8. A. English B. history C. science D. math
9. A. working B. struggling C. complaining D. improving
10. A. bothered B. ashamed C. pleased D. shocked
11. A. show up B. make for C. give up D. prepare for
12. A. committee B. team C. newspaper D. radio
13. A. and B. so C. or D. but
14. A. writers B. players C. speakers D. readers
15. A. brightly B. weakly C. widely D. happily
16. A. courage B. lack C. hope D. sorrow
17. A. hesitate B. refuse C. continue D. attempt
18. A. succeed B. complete C. agree D. accompany
19. A. in the hope of B. in honor of C. in case of D. instead of
20. A. tallest B. best C. hardest D. gentlest
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The tea culture of China is 1. ________ (amaze) and has a long history. Tea drinking was widespread in China for about one thousand years 2. ________ appearing in Europe. ?
Tea drinking in China enjoys wide popularity. Many people nowadays go to expensively decorated teahouses 3. _____(talk) business. However, tea drinking is very complex. Many factors contribute to 4. ________ enjoyable experience. It starts with the surroundings. In the past, tea drinking took place in a setting 5. ________“spring water runs on marble”. At present, in order to create such atmosphere, teahouses 6. ________(decorate) with traditional paintings and furniture. Besides, there is always a 7. _______(perform) of a traditional Chinese musical instrument, such as the guzheng, pipa and erhu. Water 8. ________ (use) for tea also matters. In the old days, the water that came from melted snow was regarded as the best. Today no one collects snow any longer because of pollution and what people use is bottled water. Red tea, together with green tea, oolong tea and pu’er tea 9. _______(rank) the top four favorites. The first three types of tea are processed using similar methods but pu’er tea uses a 10. ________ (total) different method. ?
2018-2019学年高一上学期训练卷
必修一 Unit 2 English around the world
英 语（二）答 案
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
1-4 BDCC 5-8 DBBA
Ⅱ. 完形填空
1-5 BACDB 6-10CADBC 11-15 DCDAB 16-20 DCADB
Ⅲ. 语法填空
1.amazing 2.before 3.to talk 4.an 5.where
6.are decorated 7.performance 8.used 9.ranks 10.totally
2018-2019学年高一上学期训练卷
必修一 Unit 2 English around the world
英 语 （二）
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
There is a popular saying in the English language: “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” Well, that is not true. Unkind words, name-calling or even the so-called “the silent treatment” can hurt children as much as being physically hit, sometimes even more so.
A recent study of middle school children showed that verbal (言语的) abuse by other children can harm development in the brain. The study was a project of researchers at Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts. Researcher Martin Teicher and his team studied young adults, aged 18 to 25. These young men and women had not ever been treated in a cruel or violent way by their parents. The researchers asked the young people to rate their childhood exposure to verbal abuse from both parents and other children. Then the researchers performed imaging tests on the brains of the subjects.
The images showed that the people who reported suffering verbal abuse from peers in middle school had underdeveloped connections between the left and right side of the brain. The two sides of the brain are connected by a large bundle of connecting fibers called the corpus callosum. This was the area that was underdeveloped.
The middle school years are a time when these brain connections are developing. So, unkind, hurtful comments from children or adults during this period have the greatest effect. The researchers tested the mental and emotional condition of all the young people in the study. The tests showed that this same group of people had higher levels of fear, depression, anger and drug abuse than others in the study.
The researchers published their findings online on the American Journal of Psychiatry’s website.
Parents cannot control what other people say to their children, but they can prepare their children.
1. Why does the author use the popular saying at the beginning?
A. To show the power of words.
B. To introduce an opposite view.
C. To prove the author’s argument.
D. To show ancient people’s wisdom.
【解析】B
【解析】作者意图题。引用名人名言、谚语等是文章开篇的常见写作方式, 且大多用来引出文章的话题。但是根据此谚语后面的“Well, that is not true. Unkind words, name-calling or even the so-called ‘the silent treatment’ can hurt children as much as being physically hit, sometimes even more so”可知, 本文引用这个谚语恰恰是为了引出一个不同的或者说是相反的观点, 故选B。
2. What did the subjects of the study have in common?
A. They were hurt by unkind words.
B. They performed poorly in imaging tests.
C. They had their brain slightly damaged.
D. They experienced no physical abuse at home.
【解析】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These young men and women had not ever been treated in a cruel or violent way by their parents”可知, 这些实验对象都没有遭受过父母的残酷或暴力对待, 也就是说, 他们在家里都没受到过身体上的虐待。故选D。
3. What will be discussed in the next paragraph?
A. Comments on the findings.
B. Approaches to further studies.
C. Suggestions to parents.
D. Different opinions on the matter.
【解析】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Parents cannot control what other people say to their children, but they can prepare their children”可知, 作者接下来应该会就“父母如何帮助自己的孩子为可能遭受的语言暴力做好准备, 使他们不会受到语言暴力的影响”给出一些方法或建议。故选C。
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The way we speak matters.
B. Verbal violence should be stopped.
C. Unkind words hurt the brain.
D. Words are worse than sticks and stones.
【解析】C
【解析】主旨大意题。文章介绍了语言暴力对孩子的不良影响, 再根据第二段中的“verbal abuse by other children can harm development in the brain”可以看出, 其影响主要体现在孩子的大脑发育方面。故选C。
B
The US teenager Thomas Cheatham had planned to study Latin during his time at Hebron High School in Texas. But when he learned that the school district was going to offer a Mandarin class, he quickly changed his mind.
“I thought Mandarin would be more beneficial than Latin,” said Cheatham, who is now in his second year of studying the language. He speaks Mandarin to order food at Chinese restaurants and can read social media posts from his Chinese-speaking friends.
While it’s a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career. “Chinese is a good language to know, especially with China becoming a growing power,” he said.
Many experts agree that proficiency in a language spoken by a billion people worldwide will give American students an edge in the global economy. “People are looking at China as our next economic competitor, and interest in Mandarin is growing,” said Marty Abbott, executive director of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. “We’re seeing it in all parts of the country. ”
Abbott estimates that as many as 100, 000 students are now studying Mandarin throughout the US, in public and private schools. She said the US government has designated (指定) Mandarin as a “critical needs” language and provides professional development programs for teachers. “Our government wants to increase our language competency for national security and economic competitiveness,” Abbott said.
At the same time, the Chinese government is spreading knowledge of the Chinese language and culture through Confucius Institutes established in many US states. For example, the Confucius Institute at the University of Texas in Dallas has been the home of a Confucius Institute for 10 years. It sponsors Confucius Classrooms at 21 local public and private schools, where tens of thousands of students are learning Mandarin.
5. Thomas Cheatham decided to study Mandarin instead of Latin because he thought ________. ?
A. Mandarin was easier to learn than Latin
B. Mandarin might help him learn more about Chinese food
C. Mandarin could enable him to make more friends online
D. Mandarin could be advantageous in his future career
【解析】D
【解析】根据第三段中“While it’s a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career. ”可知, Thomas Cheatham认为普通话对于他未来的职业生涯非常有好处, 故选D。
6. The underlined word “proficiency” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. ?
A. strong interest B. great skill
C. lack of practice D. a level of difficulty
【解析】B
【解析】根据第四段中“…will give American students an edge in the global economy. ”可推知普通话的技能会在全球经济中给美国学生优势, 故选B。
7. Which of the following statements might Marty Abbott agree with?
A. Mandarin should be taught in classrooms throughout the US.
B. The US government’s policy has helped popularize Mandarin in the US.
C. Many Americans learn Mandarin because they worry about their national security.
D. Those competent at Chinese will be the most competitive in the US in the future.
【解析】B
【解析】根据倒数第二段中“She said the US government has designated Mandarin as a ‘critical needs’ language and provides professional development programs for teachers. ”可知, 美国政府为了推广普通话, 做了很多工作, 故选B。
8. What is the main idea of the article?
A. The rising popularity of Mandarin among American students.
B. The influence of China’s growing power on American education.
C. The benefits of learning Mandarin for American students.
D. How Confucius Institutes in the US help promote Mandarin.
【解析】A
【解析】纵观全文, 本文主要论述了有越来越多的美国学生开始学习普通话, 文章中虽然涉及美国学生学习普通话的益处, 但只是文章中的一个片段, 故选A。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
Jenna had graduated from her middle school and was lucky enough to be admitted to Westwood College. She was ready for new 1 at the college and filled with confidence. 2 , she didn’t expect it that college life was quite 3 . In the first week, Jenna went to tryouts for cheerleaders. She was competing against very talented girls, and she knew it would be 4 for her to be selected. Two hours later, the 5 read a list of the girls for a second tryout. Her heart 6 as the list ended without her name. Feeling 7 , she walked back to her dormitory carrying her schoolbag full of homework. ?
Arriving at the dormitory, she started with 8 . She had always been a good math student, but now she was 9 . She moved on to English and history, and was 10 to find that she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects. Feeling better, she decided not to 11 math for the time being. ?
The next day Jenna went to see Mrs Biden about being on the school 12 . Mrs Biden wasn’t as enthusiastic as Jenna. “I’m sorry, 13 we have enough 14 for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we’ll talk then. ” Jenna smiled 15 and left. “Why is college so different? ” she sighed. ?
Later in math class, Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much 16 . By the end of the class, she understood how to get them right. As she gathered her books, Jenna decided she’d 17 to try to fit in with her new school. She wasn’t sure if she’d 18 , but she knew she had to try. College was just as her mom had said, “You will feel like a small fish in a big pond 19 a big fish in a small pond. The challenge is to become the 20 fish you can be. ”?
1. A. decisions B. challenges C. problems D. exercises
【解析】B
【解析】根据上文的“lucky enough to be admitted to Westwood College”及“new”可推知, 新的大学生活对主人公来说有许多挑战, 故选B。
2. A. However B. Therefore
C. Besides D. Otherwise
【解析】A
【解析】根据语境可知, 上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系, 故选A。however“然而”。
3. A. normal B. necessary
C. different D. desperate
【解析】C
【解析】根据下文的“‘Why is college so different? ’ she sighed”可知, 大学生活与主人公想象的样子很不一样。
4. A. simple B. troublesome
C. certain D. difficult
【解析】D
【解析】根据“competing against very talented girls”可推知, 主人公感觉自己很难被选上, 与下文的“the list ended without her name”呼应。
5. A. editor B. judge C. boss D. candidate
【解析】B
【解析】根据语境可知, 是由裁判宣布进入下一轮选拔的名单。
6. A. stopped B. jumped C. sank D. changed
【解析】C
【解析】根据“as the list ended without her name”可推知, 得知没有自己的名字, 即没有进入下一轮选拔, 主人公心情沉重。sb. ’s heart sinks意为“某人心情沉重, 情绪低落”。
7. A. awful B. lonely C. happy D. strange
【解析】A
【解析】由于被淘汰了, 主人公感觉糟糕(awful)。
8. A. English B. history C. science D. math
【解析】D
【解析】根据下文的“She had always been a good math student”可推知, 主人公开始做自己擅长的数学作业。
9. A. working B. struggling
C. complaining D. improving
【解析】B
【解析】根据“but”的转折含义可推知, 曾经擅长的数学现在让她感觉有些吃力。
10. A. bothered B. ashamed
C. pleased D. shocked
【解析】C
【解析】根据“she didn’t have any trouble with those subjects”可知, 主人公在英语和历史学科上没有遇到任何问题, 于是很高兴, 与下文的“Feeling better”呼应。
11. A. show up B. make for
C. give up D. prepare for
【解析】D
【解析】根据上文的“Feeling better”和主人公做数学作业不理想的情况可推知, 主人公暂时不准备数学了。prepare for“把……预备好”; show up“出现”; make for“向……移动, 促成”; give up“放弃”。
12. A. committee B. team
C. newspaper D. radio
【解析】C
【解析】根据下文的“for the newspaper already”可推知, Mrs Biden在校报工作。
13. A. and B. so C. or D. but
【解析】D
【解析】根据语境可知, 上下文是逻辑上的转折关系, 故选D。
14. A. writers B. players C. speakers D. readers
【解析】A
【解析】根据“for the newspaper already”并结合选项可推知, 主人公是去校报应聘作者工作, 结果遭到了拒绝。
15. A. brightly B. weakly C. widely D. happily
【解析】B
【解析】根据“Come back next year and we’ll talk then”可知, 主人公被拒绝了, 因此只是淡淡地笑着离开了。
16. A. courage B. lack C. hope D. sorrow
【解析】D
【解析】根据上文可知, 主人公在数学学习上感到吃力, 这些问题使她很伤心。
17. A. hesitate B. refuse
C. continue D. attempt
【解析】C
【解析】根据下文的“try to fit in with her new school” “but she knew she had to try”可推知, 主人公并没有气馁, 决定继续试着适应新的学校。
18. A. succeed B. complete
C. agree D. accompany
【解析】A
【解析】根据“but she knew she had to try”可推知, 主人公对于自己能否成功并没有把握, 但是知道自己必须去尝试。
19. A. in the hope of B. in honor of
C. in case of D. instead of
【解析】D
【解析】根据语境可知, 此处表示对比。instead of“代替, 而不是”。
20. A. tallest B. best C. hardest D. gentlest
【解析】B
【解析】结合空前一句可推知,此处表示“成为最好的鱼”, 在文中引申为“做最好的自己”。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The tea culture of China is 1. ________ (amaze) and has a long history. Tea drinking was widespread in China for about one thousand years 2. ________ appearing in Europe. ?
Tea drinking in China enjoys wide popularity. Many people nowadays go to expensively decorated teahouses 3. _____(talk) business. However, tea drinking is very complex. Many factors contribute to 4. ________ enjoyable experience. It starts with the surroundings. In the past, tea drinking took place in a setting 5. ________“spring water runs on marble”. At present, in order to create such atmosphere, teahouses 6. ________(decorate) with traditional paintings and furniture. Besides, there is always a 7. _______(perform) of a traditional Chinese musical instrument, such as the guzheng, pipa and erhu. Water 8. ________ (use) for tea also matters. In the old days, the water that came from melted snow was regarded as the best. Today no one collects snow any longer because of pollution and what people use is bottled water. Red tea, together with green tea, oolong tea and pu’er tea 9. _______(rank) the top four favorites. The first three types of tea are processed using similar methods but pu’er tea uses a 10. ________ (total) different method. ?
1. 【答案】amazing
【解析】考查形容词。中国的茶文化令人大为惊奇。分析句子结构可知, 空处在句中作表语, 且主语是物, 故应该填形容词amazing。
2. 【答案】before
【解析】考查介词。饮茶在欧洲出现之前, 它已经在中国广泛流行了大约一千年。文章开头提到中国的茶文化有悠久的历史, 本句进一步证明了这一点, 所以空处应填before“在……之前”。
3. 【答案】to talk
【解析】考查非谓语动词。现在很多人去装修豪华的茶馆谈生意。空处在句中作目的状语, 应用不定式结构。
4. 【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。很多因素促成一次美好的体验。根据句意和空格后的“enjoyable experience”可知此处应用不定冠词表示泛指。
5. 【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。在过去, 饮茶是在“清泉石上流”这样的环境中进行的。分析句子结构可知, 空处在此引导定语从句, 修饰先行词setting, 并且在从句中作地点状语。
6. 【答案】are decorated
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。现在, 为了创造这种氛围, 茶馆使用传统的画和家具来装饰。此处描述现在的情况, 应用一般现在时; 又因teahouses和decorate之间是被动关系, 故应用被动语态。
7. 【答案】performance
【解析】考查名词。另外, 还总是会有中国传统乐器的表演。结合空格前的a和空格后的of可知此处应填名词performance。
8. 【答案】used
【解析】考查非谓语动词。泡茶所用的水也很重要。water与use之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 故应用过去分词作后置定语。
9. 【答案】ranks
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。红茶、绿茶、乌龙茶和普洱茶在人们最喜欢的茶中排名前四。本文的基本时态是一般现在时, 故此处亦用一般现在时。由together with连接的短语作主语时, 谓语动词应与其前面的主语(此处是Red tea)保持一致, 故应用第三人称单数形式。
10. 【答案】totally
【解析】考查副词。前三种茶都是以相似的方法加工出来的, 但是普洱茶的加工则是用了一种完全不同的方法。空处修饰形容词different应用副词。
