Unit2 Poems-词汇篇
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掌握重点词汇的搭配及用法，能够正确完成基础类型题。
掌握重点句型的用法，会模仿句型进行写作。
单词讲解：
convey
vt. 1)输送, 搬运, 运输（ from …to …）传达, 表达 (感情,意见, 思想)表明,说明 ( convey + clause)
convey sth. to sb. 向某人传达/运送某物
convey sth./sb. to some place. 把某物/人送到某地
convey one’s feelings/thanks to sb. 向某人表达某种感情/谢意
The train conveys both goods and passengers.
I found it hard to convey my feelings in words .
He tried to convey how urgent the situation was.
易混辨析
convey/transfer/transport
convey 指将物/人从一地运送到另一地，或指语言，信息等的传递。
transport 基本含义是运送。但该词通常局限于用交通工具运送货物和人
transfer 主要指工作地点的变换、住所及物体的转移，还可以指旅途中交通工具的变换，
如转车、转船等。也可指把财产转让给他人。
concrete adj.具体的 n.混凝土；凝结物
e.g. You need to offer concrete evidences to support your idea.
It is easier to think in concrete terms rather than in the abstract
Concrete is very strong and is used in many modern buildings.
contradictory adj. 引起矛盾的；好反驳的vt. Contradict n. contradiction
The evidence seems contradictory to our findings.
His public speeches are in direct contradiction to his personal lifestyle.
All evening his husband contradicted everything she said.
flexible : adj.灵活的；可弯曲的adv: flexibly n: flexibility
e.g. (1) The government needs a more flexible approach to education.
(2) We can be flexible about your starting date.
(3) Computers offer a much greater degree of flexibility in the way work is organized
pattern
n.模式，方式，形式
The illness doesn’t seem to follow its usual pattern.
n.图案
She wore a dress with a pattern of roses on it.
n.模范；榜样
The company set a pattern for others to follow.
pattern sth on/after sth 模仿,效仿
This is a new technique patterned on Japanese ideas.
take it easy.
take. . . by surprise 突袭，使…大吃一惊
take. . . seriously 认真对待
take it for granted 认为理所当然
take it easy = take things easy
The doctor told me to take it easy and not to worry too much.
run out (of ) 用完；耗尽 ( vt.), 失效；过期
If he hadn’t run out of money , he would have bought it.
My passport has run out.
run out/ give out (燃料,食物,钱等)
run out of exhaust / use up 筋疲力尽
E.g. I was exhausted by the hard training.
I was used up after the argument.
be made up of =make up 组成,构成
Girl students make up 40% of the student number.
make up 编造；化装；弥补(同事)
make up for sth. 弥补(用其它方式,以平衡)
make out 理解，辨认出
make it 获得成功；准时到达
make for sth. 向……移动；促成……
be made of 由……制成（看出原料）
be made from 由……制成（看不出原料）
tease :v. 取笑；招惹；戏弄
Don’t get upset. I was only teasing.
She used to tease me about my hair.
Don’t tease the cat by pulling its tail.
拓展延伸
laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
make fun of sb. 愚弄某人
play jokes on sb. 开某人的玩笑
play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人
end: v/n 末端,尽头,结束 endless: adj. 无止境的,无穷无尽的 ending: n. 结局,结尾
end in +n. 以……为告终
end up + prep./v-ing/ adj. 达到某种状态
end up with… 以……为结束
E.g. (1) end in tears/ failure/ divorce
(2) end up in prison/ apologizing/ dead
(3) end up with an English song
transform vi. & vt. 转化；转换；改造
transform… into 改变为；转变为
They have transformed their rooms into a hotel.
The situation has been greatly transformed
eventually adv 最后；终于=finally
1)I was eventually granted an exit visa.
2)Eventually these feelings could be held in no longer.
3)She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and eventually work for “The Times”.
bare adj 赤裸的, 勉强的, 起码的,空的,没有…的(of)barely: adv. 勉强,仅仅
e.g. I barely passed my math class last semester.
He was barely able to pay the tent last month.
appropriate: adj. 适合的；合适的 [(+to/for)]
1) The movie is appropriate for children aged 12 and over.
2) She picked up a dress appropriate for the occasion.
归纳总结
be appropriate for 对……合适
it is appropriate for sb. to do sth. 适合某人做某事
exchange n. & v. 交换；交流；互换exchange sth. with sb.
in exchange for 交换
exchange sth. for sth. 用某物换某物
e.g. He changed his old car for a new one.
Solids can change into liquids.
sponsor n.赞助人；主办者 vt.赞助；发起
Have you found out the sponsor of our basketball match?
The bank had offered to sponsor him at university.
hold on 等一下；别挂电话；继续，坚持；抓住，握住 (to/onto)
1) Hold on a minute! Isn’t that your brother’s car over there?
2)It was hard to keep the business going, but he held on.
3) Hold on to the rope.
拓展延伸
hold back 阻挡；隐瞒,抑制,
hold down 压制，控制
hold off 推迟，拖延；
hold out 伸出，坚持,维持
hold up 延误；举起, 经受得住
inspire vt. 激发；鼓励；启发
n. inspiration 灵感,好办法
adj. inspired 获得灵感的,超凡
inspiring 振奋人心的,激励人的
Be inspired by 受……的鼓励
Inspire sb to + n 鼓励某人(做)某事
Inspire sb with + n 激起某人的(感情,思想)
let out 发出；泄漏
（1） Don’t let out the plan to the press
（2） He let out the bird from the cage.
拓展延伸
let down 放下；使失望；
let alone 更不用提；更别说
let go 放开；松手
let it go 算了；放手
load v. 放入；装载
1)At sunset, he came down the hill with his load of firewood.
2)I have a full load of work.
3)Knowing he was safe was a load off my mind.
4)I started loading the boxes into the truck.
5)Our site is loaded with hundreds of ads on each page.
6) The comment is loaded with emotion.
重点词组：
1. go over 复习，检查
2. make sense 有意义，说得通
(Sb.) make sense of sth 理解……
(Sth.) make sense to sb. 有意义，说得通
3. recite / read / explain sth. to sb. 给某人背诵/读 / 解释……
4. couvey one`s emotions 表达情感
5. bow to … 向鞠躬 / 屈服
6. stay/sit up 熬夜
7. take it easy放轻松，别紧张 take one`s time 别着急,慢慢来
8. (Sb.) run out of sth. 用完，耗尽（及物） (Sth.) run out 用完（不及物）
9. make up 组成 / 编造 / 化妆 / 弥补 / 和解 be made up of = consist of … 由……组成
10. a few more minutes 再多几分钟
11. be popular with … = be well received by … 很受欢迎
12. be brimful of = be full of … 充满
13. translate A into B 把Ａ翻译成Ｂ
14. week in ,week out 一周又一周 day by day 一天又一天 on and on 继续不停地
16. by chance / accident 碰巧
17. hold on 继续 / 别挂断(电话)
18. (Sb. / Sth.) be likely to do sth.有可能…..
19. try out 试验 try on 试穿
20. let out 泄漏 / 发出(声音) / 释放 / 放宽(衣服)
21. look forward to 盼望
22. inspire sb to do sth 激励，鼓舞某人做某事
重点句型：
1. There are various reasons why people write poetry.
人们写诗有各种各样的原因。
名师指津：why引导定语从句修饰先行词reasons。
例句仿写：他起床晚的原因是他昨晚睡得太晚了。
The reason why he got up late was that he stayed up last night.
2. Should the traveler return, this stone would utter speech.
行人归来石应语。
名师指津：省略if的倒装句式。
例句仿写：要是明天下雨，我们会取消足球赛。
Should it rain tomorrow, we would cancel the football match.
3. With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own.
有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许是想自己写诗歌了。
名师指津：“With...to choose from”属于“with＋复合宾语”结构。
例句仿写：有那么多问题要解决，我不能与你外出看电影。
With so many problems to settle, I can’t go out to see a film with you.
4. Do you think the speaker in the poem is more likely to be a girlfriend/boyfriend or a parent?
你认为诗中的发言者更有可能是一个女朋友、男朋友，还是一位父亲或母亲？
名师指津：be likely to do sth.可能做某事，表示猜测。
例句仿写：当那些年轻人确实要搬出去时，他们更有可能租车而不是买车。
When the young people do move out, they are more likely to rent a car than buy one.
1. (2014·江西重点中学协作体第三次联考)Is college, which is supposed to be a place for academic interests and independent thinking, being________into a factory only for producing professionals for a certain trade?
A. transported B. transformed
C. transferred D. transplanted
2. (2014·安徽皖南八校三联)General Manager of Walmart.com announced that viewers could watch shows and movies for free________watching advertising.
A. in charge of B. in favor of
C. in case of D. in exchange for
3. (2014·南昌二模)The photographer needs to charge up the digital camera every day as the battery________quickly.
A. shuts up B. ends up
C. runs out D. turns out
4. (2014·日照高三调研)The boy is working harder than ever, hoping to________the time he has wasted playing online games.
A. take up B. bring up
C. call up D. make up
5. (2014·东北三省四市联考二)Can you give me some advice on how to________the time I have lost?
A. look up to B. make up for
C. put up with D. break away from
基础演练
一、语境填词
1. Your room looks old. Why not t__________ it by painting it?
2. Don’t be upset about it any more; you see，e________ chances are awaiting you ahead.
3. I keep getting c__________ advice—some people tell me to keep it warm and some tell me to put ice on it.
4. The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has b________ all over the country.
5. His proposal is very ________ (具体的). We do not need any explanation.
6. We didn’t know how they ________ (运送) these stones over 380 miles without modern machines.
7. We can visit your company on Monday or Tuesday；our plans are ________ (灵活的).
8. She used to ________ (取笑) me about my hair.
9. The subject was so difficult that I __________ (最后) dropped it.
10. To my ________ (悲伤), my mother can’t attend our wedding.
二、单项填空
1. There are various reasons________ people write poetry.
A. because B. why C. when D. which
2. Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way________ will give the reader a strong impression. Others try to________ certain emotions.
A. that; transform B. which; transform
C. that; convey D. /; convey
3. The poems may not________ and even seem contradictory, but they are easy________.
A. make sense; to learn and recite
B. make sure; to be learned and recited
C. make up; to learn and recite
D. make sense; to be learned and recited
4. Some rhyme (like B)________ others do not (like C).
A. because B. while C. though D. as
5. We would have won if we________ so late the night before.
A. stayed up B. hadn’t taken up
C. took up D. hadn’t stayed up
6. Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that is________ 17 syllables.
A. consists of B. made up C. make up of D. made up of
7. It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very________ with English writers.
A. popular B. familiar C. similar D. particular
8. English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetry—Tang poems from China________.
A. in return B. in particular
C. in conclusion D. in place
9. It is easier than you might think and certainly worth________!
A. try B. being tried
C. to try D. a try
10. There was such a long queue for coffee at the interval that we________ gave up.
A. eventually B. particularly
C. gradually D. frequently
巩固提高
一、词义辨析
1. 用run out, run out of的适当形式填空
(1)—Will you lend me some paper?
—Sorry, mine has ________________.
(2)If we hadn’t ________________ money, we would have bought it.
(3)In a mine accident, the trapped miners were ____________________ energy when help came.
2. 用common, ordinary, normal, usual填空
(1)It’s very disappointing that the violinist, popular with us, gave a very ________ performance at the concert last night.
(2)Letter boxes are much more ________ in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead.
(3)The doctor said the child’s temperature was ________.
(4)As ________ he stayed up late last night.
(5)He is always acting foolishly；he has no ________ sense.
二、佳句翻译与仿写
1. And said though strange they all were true.
翻译：
____________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)她尽管年轻，但已到过很多国家进行演出。
__________________, she has travelled to many countries to put on shows.
(2)她很小时就开始学习弹钢琴。
____________________, she began to learn to play the piano.
2. We would have won if we hadn’t taken it easy.
翻译：
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)如果你听从了老师的建议，你可能已经通过考试了。
If you ________________ your teacher’s advice，you ______________________ the exam.
(2)如果他赢得了比赛的话，他就不会这么悲伤了。
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
3. Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines.
翻译：
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。
Mr.Smith, ______________________, is very kind to us.
(2)昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆。
Yesterday I met Tom, ________________________________.
4. With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own.
翻译：
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)还有那么多工作要做, 我们不能再在外面玩了。
____________________________, we can’t play outside any longer.
(2)有老师帮助我们，我们将取得更大的进步。
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
5. Should the traveler return, this stone would utter speech.
翻译：
____________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)假如明天天气好，我们就去野餐。
____________________________, we would go for a picnic.
(2)如果她是我的女儿，我就不让她出国学习了。
____________________________, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad.
一、单项选择
1. —Mr. Smith is no longer the man who he used to be.
—I agree with you. Success and wealth have________ him too much.
A. trained B. translated C. transported D. transformed
2. Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have________ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.
A. heavy B. smooth C. flexible D. complex
3. —I don’t know why we have to go to the supermarket tonight. You see I have a lot of work to do.
—We are________ our food!
A. running out B. running out of C. giving out D. used up
4. American Indians________ about five percent of the U. S.population.
A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set up
5. The way________ she wrote the poem made her famous.
A. which B. that C. in that D. by which
6. —Were you in time for the lecture?
—If I________ told earlier, I would have.
A. had been B. was C. were to be D. should be
7. —George, what do you think of the plan?
—________ I accept the plan is not perfect, I do actually like it.
A. When B. Since C. While D. Unless
8. ________ more and more forests destroyed, many animals are facing the danger of dying out.
A. Because B. As C. With D. Since
9. The five firemen the director had________ the five people in the fire were highly praised.
A. rescue B. rescued C. to rescue D. had rescued
10. —Is there anything wrong with me, doctor?
—Just a cold.________ and you’ll be all right in a week.
A. Take it easy B. Don’t mention it C. It depends D. No trouble at all
二、句型转换
1. We are running out of our money.
Our money ________ ________ ________.
2. We would have won if we had trained harder.
________ we ________ harder, we wouldn’t have ________.
3. People in ancient times wrote poetry for a variety of reasons.
There are ________ reasons ________ people in ancient times wrote poems.
4. Every day, the farmers work hard on their land, hoping to get a good harvest.
________ ________, ________ ________, the farmers work hard on their land in the hope of getting a good harvest.
5. There is nothing serious. Don’t be nervous.
There is nothing serious. Just ________ ________ ________.
6. He told one story after another and that kept us laughing all through the meal.
He ________ us laughing all through the meal ________ telling one story after another.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、语境填词
1. His casual clothes were not a____________ for such a formal occasion.
2. If you are lost in the woods, it’s very handy to have a c________ with you.
3. A l________ is a person who is in charge of or works in a library.
4. They promised to love each other f________.
5. After a few minutes, our eyes got used to the ____________ (黑暗).
6. We __________ (交换) our opinions about the event at the meeting.
7. She won a ____________ (奖学金) to study at Oxford University.
8. Knowing that they had arrived safely took a ________ (负担) off my mind.
9. The exhibition was __________ (举办) by the Society of Culture.
10. The ________ (暖和) of the fire made us sleepy.
二、单项填空
1. Although they plant trees in this area every year, the tops of some hills are still________.
A. blank B. hollow C. vacant D. bare
2. His formal style of speaking was________ to the occasion.
A. popular B. appropriate C. similar D. appreciate
3. These new ideas sound fine but they need________.
A. trying on B. trying out C. to try on D. to try out
4. Don’t________ any detail in your account even if a word.
A. let out B. take care C. make sure D. make out
5. The boy________ to the rope and was pulled out of the river by the police.
A. caught hold B. held on C. threw away D. cut off
6. It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money________favors to them.
A. in preference to B. in place of
C. in agreement with D. in exchange for
7. The doctor recommended that you________ swim after eating a large meal.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
8. —Do you think he can pass the exam?
—He is________ to fail because he was ill for several days.
A. possible B. probable C. likely D. maybe
9. While crossing the street, ________.
A. the light must be green
B. there are no policemen
C. be careful
D. it is necessary to be careful
10. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work________, he gladly accepted it.
A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished
三、完形填空
I met him first on a summer day in 1989.I __1__ into his ugly small shop to have my shoes repaired. It wasn’t much of a job, so I __2__ while he did it. He greeted me with a __3__ smile, “You are __4__ in this place, aren’t you?”
I said I was. I had __5__ into this street only a week before.
“This is a fine place, ” he said. I __6__ there with my shoes off, __7__ around as he got ready to make repairs. He looked __8__ at the leather. It was worn through because I had __9__ to have the repair job done. I grew __10__ impatient, for I was eager to meet a friend, and I had to get there without delay.“Please hurry, ” I begged.
He looked at me __11__ his glasses, “We won’t be long. I must do a good job. You see, I have a tradition to live up to.”
A tradition? In this ugly small shop that wasn’t __12__ any from so many other shops on the streets of New York.
He must have felt my __13__ for he smiled as he __14__, “Yes, my father is a good shoemaker.” He always told me, “Son, do the best job on every shoe that __15__ the shop, and be proud of your own work. Do that always, and you’ll have both happiness and money enough to live on.”
As he __16__ me the finished shoes, he said, “These will last a long time.” I left __17__, my friend would be waiting for me __18__.
That evening I __19__ the shop. There he was. When he saw me, he waved and smiled. This was the beginning of our __20__ that came to mean more and more to me as time passed.
1. A. looked
B. rushed
C. slipped
D. broke
2. A. left
B. waited
C. watched
D. helped
3. A. sweet
B. light
C. cold
D. forced
4. A. fresh
B. young
C. familiar
D. new
5. A. came
B. lived
C. moved
D. entered
6. A. stood
B. lay
C. sat
D. talked
7. A. thinking
B. moving
C. turning
D. looking
8. A. surprisingly
B. sadly
C. painfully
D. angrily
9. A. failed
B. managed
C. wanted
D. intended
10. A. more
B. less
C. greatly
D. a little
11. A. under
B. over
C. in
D. with
12. A. different
B. special
C. particular
D. unusual
13. A. doubt
B. surprise
C. disappointment
D. astonishment
14. A. said
B. agreed
C. continued
D. answered
15. A. flies into
B. brings to
C. comes into
D. introduces to
16. A. showed
B. handed
C. brought
D. took
17. A. quietly
B. slowly
C. in time
D. in a hurry
18. A. coldly
B. happily
C. anxiously
D. angrily
19. A. entered
B. passed
C. visited
D. saw
20. A. experience
B. love
C. friendship
D. story
四、阅读理解
Do you still remember your favorite poem from high school or some other important periods in your life? Why is it that decades later it still stands out in your mind? Probably the main reason is that some aspect of that poem resonates (引起共鸣) with you. In the same way, you too as a school leader can touch the hearts of your staff and students.
Poetry allows us to experience strong spiritual connections to things around us and to the past. The power that poetry has displayed over time and across cultures actually satisfies this common need of the human heart and soul.
As one of the oldest art forms, poetry has successfully connected various strands of humanity (人性) from one generation to another. Referring to poetry, Hillyer makes a simple yet meaningful statement, “With this key mankind unlocked his heart.”
School leaders can find and make use of the value of poetry for themselves, their students and their staff members. Beyond the simple use of poetry, techniques of poetry such as metaphors, repetitions and imagery can be used to take advantage of the power of language to transform communication, create meaning and a culture of care and attention.
Since schools are mainly about people and relationships, school leaders，like poets，are required to inspire and encourage the human heart. The use of poetry—or even of some techniques of poetry—in school leadership not only helps to improve communication, but also serves to meet the human need for inspiration.
1. Who is the passage mainly for?
A. Students. B. School teachers. C. School leaders. D. Poets.
2. The underlined part “this common need” in the second paragraph refers to________.
A. the need to read poetry
B. the need to be inspired
C. the need to learn about the past
D. the need to be connected with other people
3. The use of poetry or techniques of poetry in school leadership is in fact to make use of________.
A. the power of language
B. the power of school leaders
C. people’s preference for poetry
D. people’s desire for communication
4. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To show the readers that poetry is really powerful.
B. To explain how poetry can be used in our daily life.
C. To talk about the art of being a school leader.
D. To encourage using the transformational power of poetry in school leadership.
For a 400-year-old art form, opera had a bad fame: overweight actresses singing the words which were hard to understand in one of those romantic languages you were supposed to learn in high school. And with tickets costing as much as $145 a performance, opera-goers also had a certain appearance in people’s mind: rich, well-dressed and old.
But now opera companies around the country are loosening their ties and kicking off their shoes in an attempt to keep opera alive and take it to a younger and not so wealthy audience.
Opera producers have found that to attract this crowd, they need to associate opera with the common people. That means no formal suits, old-styled theatre or bank-breaking ticket prices. And because young people don’t or won’t come to the opera, companies are bringing the opera to them, giving performances in such usual places as parks, libraries and public schools.
The Houston Grand Opera’s choice is the public library, where it performs “mobile operas”, shortened versions of child-friendly operas. This summer’s production is Hansel & Gretel. By performing smaller versions of large productions, producers are able to make people interested while keeping costs at a reasonable level. The San Francisco Opera, which will be celebrating its 75th anniversary this year, is staging Cinderella free of charge, keeping costs down by employing students from its Young Artists’ Training Program.
1. Which is the main idea of this passage?
A. Opera is famous for its long history.
B. Opera is only performed for rich people.
C. Opera companies are trying to keep opera alive.
D. Young people are not interested in opera.
2.The underlined phrase in the second paragraph means________.
A. breaking up the old rules
B. changing the dresses
C. making the audience at ease
D. advertising themselves
3. The San Francisco Opera employs students in order to________.
A. celebrate its 75th anniversary
B. reduce the cost
C. attract young people
D. make Cinderella popular
4. From the passage we can infer that________.
A. the tickets for opera are very expensive
B. opera is performed in a difficult language
C. opera is not so popular an art form today
D. students enjoy performing opera very much
Sure, it’s good to get along with your teacher because it makes the time you spend in the classroom more pleasant.
And yes, it’s good to get along with your teacher because, in general, it’s smart to learn how to relate to the different types of people you’ll meet throughout your life.
But really, there’s one super-important reason why you should get along with your teacher. When you do, “learning bursts right open,” says Evelyn Vuko, a longtime teacher who writes an education column called “Teacher Says” for the WashingtonPost newspaper.
In fact, kids who get along with their teachers not only learn more, but they’re more comfortable asking questions and getting extra help. This makes it easier to understand new material and do your best on tests. When you have this kind of relationship with a teacher, he or she can be someone to turn to with problems, such as problems with learning or school issues, such as bullying (欺负人).
As a kid in a primary or middle school, you’re at a wonderful stage in your life. You’re like a sponge (海绵), able to soak up lots of new and exciting information. On top of that, you’re able to think about all this information in new ways. Your teacher knows that, and in most cases, he/she is very excited to be the person who’s giving you all that material and helping you put it together. Remember, teachers are people, too, and they feel great if you’re open to what they’re teaching you. That’s why they wanted to be teachers in the first place—to teach!
Some kids may be able to learn in any situation, whether they like the teacher or not. But most kids are sensitive (敏感的) to the way they get along with the teacher, and if things aren’t going well, they won’t learn as well and won’t enjoy being in class.
1. In the passage, the author mainly talks about________.
A. how to get along well with teachers
B. the importance of a good relation with teachers
C. how much the students are expected to get along with teachers
D. how to make the time in the classroom more pleasant
2. “Learning bursts right open” in the third paragraph really means________.
A. learning becomes easier for you at once
B. you find an opening to learning
C. there’ll be more problems with learning
D. there’ll be no problems with learning
3. According to the passage, which of the following offers the best reasoning?
A. You are getting on well with your teachers, so you have more questions than others.
B. You find it comfortable to ask questions, so you can build a good relationship with teachers.
C. You have a good relationship with a teacher, so you can turn to him/her when in trouble.
D. You are in trouble, so you can build a good relationship with teachers.
4. Which of the comments is FALSE on teachers and their work according to the passage?
A. Teachers are excited even if you wouldn’t like to accept their teaching.
B. Teachers sometimes have the same feelings as students do.
C. Though few there are still some students who can learn even if they don’t like the teacher.
D. Having a bad relationship with your teachers does more or less harm to your studies.
Unit2 Poems-词汇篇
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掌握重点词汇的搭配及用法，能够正确完成基础类型题。
掌握重点句型的用法，会模仿句型进行写作。
单词讲解：
convey
vt. 1)输送, 搬运, 运输（ from …to …）传达, 表达 (感情,意见, 思想)表明,说明 ( convey + clause)
convey sth. to sb. 向某人传达/运送某物
convey sth./sb. to some place. 把某物/人送到某地
convey one’s feelings/thanks to sb. 向某人表达某种感情/谢意
The train conveys both goods and passengers.
I found it hard to convey my feelings in words .
He tried to convey how urgent the situation was.
易混辨析
convey/transfer/transport
convey 指将物/人从一地运送到另一地，或指语言，信息等的传递。
transport 基本含义是运送。但该词通常局限于用交通工具运送货物和人
transfer 主要指工作地点的变换、住所及物体的转移，还可以指旅途中交通工具的变换，
如转车、转船等。也可指把财产转让给他人。
concrete adj.具体的 n.混凝土；凝结物
e.g. You need to offer concrete evidences to support your idea.
It is easier to think in concrete terms rather than in the abstract
Concrete is very strong and is used in many modern buildings.
contradictory adj. 引起矛盾的；好反驳的vt. Contradict n. contradiction
The evidence seems contradictory to our findings.
His public speeches are in direct contradiction to his personal lifestyle.
All evening his husband contradicted everything she said.
flexible : adj.灵活的；可弯曲的adv: flexibly n: flexibility
e.g. (1) The government needs a more flexible approach to education.
(2) We can be flexible about your starting date.
(3) Computers offer a much greater degree of flexibility in the way work is organized
pattern
n.模式，方式，形式
The illness doesn’t seem to follow its usual pattern.
n.图案
She wore a dress with a pattern of roses on it.
n.模范；榜样
The company set a pattern for others to follow.
pattern sth on/after sth 模仿,效仿
This is a new technique patterned on Japanese ideas.
take it easy.
take. . . by surprise 突袭，使…大吃一惊
take. . . seriously 认真对待
take it for granted 认为理所当然
take it easy = take things easy
The doctor told me to take it easy and not to worry too much.
run out (of ) 用完；耗尽 ( vt.), 失效；过期
If he hadn’t run out of money , he would have bought it.
My passport has run out.
run out/ give out (燃料,食物,钱等)
run out of exhaust / use up 筋疲力尽
E.g. I was exhausted by the hard training.
I was used up after the argument.
be made up of =make up 组成,构成
Girl students make up 40% of the student number.
make up 编造；化装；弥补(同事)
make up for sth. 弥补(用其它方式,以平衡)
make out 理解，辨认出
make it 获得成功；准时到达
make for sth. 向……移动；促成……
be made of 由……制成（看出原料）
be made from 由……制成（看不出原料）
tease :v. 取笑；招惹；戏弄
Don’t get upset. I was only teasing.
She used to tease me about my hair.
Don’t tease the cat by pulling its tail.
拓展延伸
laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
make fun of sb. 愚弄某人
play jokes on sb. 开某人的玩笑
play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人
end: v/n 末端,尽头,结束 endless: adj. 无止境的,无穷无尽的 ending: n. 结局,结尾
end in +n. 以……为告终
end up + prep./v-ing/ adj. 达到某种状态
end up with… 以……为结束
E.g. (1) end in tears/ failure/ divorce
(2) end up in prison/ apologizing/ dead
(3) end up with an English song
transform vi. & vt. 转化；转换；改造
transform… into 改变为；转变为
They have transformed their rooms into a hotel.
The situation has been greatly transformed
eventually adv 最后；终于=finally
1)I was eventually granted an exit visa.
2)Eventually these feelings could be held in no longer.
3)She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and eventually work for “The Times”.
bare adj 赤裸的, 勉强的, 起码的,空的,没有…的(of)barely: adv. 勉强,仅仅
e.g. I barely passed my math class last semester.
He was barely able to pay the tent last month.
appropriate: adj. 适合的；合适的 [(+to/for)]
1) The movie is appropriate for children aged 12 and over.
2) She picked up a dress appropriate for the occasion.
归纳总结
be appropriate for 对……合适
it is appropriate for sb. to do sth. 适合某人做某事
exchange n. & v. 交换；交流；互换exchange sth. with sb.
in exchange for 交换
exchange sth. for sth. 用某物换某物
e.g. He changed his old car for a new one.
Solids can change into liquids.
sponsor n.赞助人；主办者 vt.赞助；发起
Have you found out the sponsor of our basketball match?
The bank had offered to sponsor him at university.
hold on 等一下；别挂电话；继续，坚持；抓住，握住 (to/onto)
1) Hold on a minute! Isn’t that your brother’s car over there?
2)It was hard to keep the business going, but he held on.
3) Hold on to the rope.
拓展延伸
hold back 阻挡；隐瞒,抑制,
hold down 压制，控制
hold off 推迟，拖延；
hold out 伸出，坚持,维持
hold up 延误；举起, 经受得住
inspire vt. 激发；鼓励；启发
n. inspiration 灵感,好办法
adj. inspired 获得灵感的,超凡
inspiring 振奋人心的,激励人的
Be inspired by 受……的鼓励
Inspire sb to + n 鼓励某人(做)某事
Inspire sb with + n 激起某人的(感情,思想)
let out 发出；泄漏
（1） Don’t let out the plan to the press
（2） He let out the bird from the cage.
拓展延伸
let down 放下；使失望；
let alone 更不用提；更别说
let go 放开；松手
let it go 算了；放手
load v. 放入；装载
1)At sunset, he came down the hill with his load of firewood.
2)I have a full load of work.
3)Knowing he was safe was a load off my mind.
4)I started loading the boxes into the truck.
5)Our site is loaded with hundreds of ads on each page.
6) The comment is loaded with emotion.
重点词组：
1. go over 复习，检查
2. make sense 有意义，说得通
(Sb.) make sense of sth 理解……
(Sth.) make sense to sb. 有意义，说得通
3. recite / read / explain sth. to sb. 给某人背诵/读 / 解释……
4. couvey one`s emotions 表达情感
5. bow to … 向鞠躬 / 屈服
6. stay/sit up 熬夜
7. take it easy放轻松，别紧张 take one`s time 别着急,慢慢来
8. (Sb.) run out of sth. 用完，耗尽（及物） (Sth.) run out 用完（不及物）
9. make up 组成 / 编造 / 化妆 / 弥补 / 和解 be made up of = consist of … 由……组成
10. a few more minutes 再多几分钟
11. be popular with … = be well received by … 很受欢迎
12. be brimful of = be full of … 充满
13. translate A into B 把Ａ翻译成Ｂ
14. week in ,week out 一周又一周 day by day 一天又一天 on and on 继续不停地
16. by chance / accident 碰巧
17. hold on 继续 / 别挂断(电话)
18. (Sb. / Sth.) be likely to do sth.有可能…..
19. try out 试验 try on 试穿
20. let out 泄漏 / 发出(声音) / 释放 / 放宽(衣服)
21. look forward to 盼望
22. inspire sb to do sth 激励，鼓舞某人做某事
重点句型：
1. There are various reasons why people write poetry.
人们写诗有各种各样的原因。
名师指津：why引导定语从句修饰先行词reasons。
例句仿写：他起床晚的原因是他昨晚睡得太晚了。
Thereasonwhy he got up latewasthathe stayed up last night.
2. Should the traveler return, this stone would utter speech.
行人归来石应语。
名师指津：省略if的倒装句式。
例句仿写：要是明天下雨，我们会取消足球赛。
Should it rain tomorrow, we would cancel the football match.
3. With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own.
有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许是想自己写诗歌了。
名师指津：“With...to choose from”属于“with＋复合宾语”结构。
例句仿写：有那么多问题要解决，我不能与你外出看电影。
With so many problems to settle, I can’t go out to see a film with you.
4. Do you think the speaker in the poem is more likely to be a girlfriend/boyfriend or a parent?
你认为诗中的发言者更有可能是一个女朋友、男朋友，还是一位父亲或母亲？
名师指津：be likely to do sth.可能做某事，表示猜测。
例句仿写：当那些年轻人确实要搬出去时，他们更有可能租车而不是买车。
When the young people do move out, they are more likely to rent a car than buy one.
1. (2014·江西重点中学协作体第三次联考)Is college, which is supposed to be a place for academic interests and independent thinking, being________into a factory only for producing professionals for a certain trade?
A. transported B. transformed
C. transferred D. transplanted
解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：大学，这个本该是培养学术兴趣与独立思考的地方，是不是正在被转变为一个工厂，只会为某一特定行业培养专业人员？这里用transform表示“使改观，使转化”。transport运输；transfer转移，换乘；transplant移植。
答案：B
2. (2014·安徽皖南八校三联)General Manager of Walmart.com announced that viewers could watch shows and movies for free________watching advertising.
A. in charge of B. in favor of
C. in case of D. in exchange for
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意为：Walmart.com的总经理宣布观众可以通过看广告以换取免费收看节目和电影。A.主管，负责；B.赞成，支持；C.以防，万一；D.作为……的交换。
答案：D
3. (2014·南昌二模)The photographer needs to charge up the digital camera every day as the battery________quickly.
A. shuts up B. ends up
C. runs out D. turns out
解析：考查动词短语。句意为：这位摄影师每天都需要给数码相机充电，因为电池很快就用完了。run out表示“用完，用尽”。
答案：C
4. (2014·日照高三调研)The boy is working harder than ever, hoping to________the time he has wasted playing online games.
A. take up B. bring up
C. call up D. make up
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：为了把浪费在网络游戏上的时间弥补回来，男孩比之前学习更努力。make up弥补；make up the time把时间补回来。
答案：D
5. (2014·东北三省四市联考二)Can you give me some advice on how to________the time I have lost?
A. look up to B. make up for
C. put up with D. break away from
解析：考查动词短语辨析。look up to意为“尊敬”；make up for意为“补偿”；put up with意为“容忍”；break away from意为“脱离”。句意为：我怎样弥补失去的时间，你能给我些建议吗？根据句意可知应选B项。
答案：B
基础演练
一、语境填词
1. Your room looks old. Why not t__________ it by painting it?
2. Don’t be upset about it any more; you see，e________ chances are awaiting you ahead.
3. I keep getting c__________ advice—some people tell me to keep it warm and some tell me to put ice on it.
4. The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has b________ all over the country.
5. His proposal is very ________ (具体的). We do not need any explanation.
6. We didn’t know how they ________ (运送) these stones over 380 miles without modern machines.
7. We can visit your company on Monday or Tuesday；our plans are ________ (灵活的).
8. She used to ________ (取笑) me about my hair.
9. The subject was so difficult that I __________ (最后) dropped it.
10. To my ________ (悲伤), my mother can’t attend our wedding.
答案：1.transform 2.endless 3.contradictory 4.branches5. concrete 6.conveyed 7.flexible 8.tease 9.eventually 10.sorrow
二、单项填空
1. There are various reasons________ people write poetry.
A. because B. why C. when D. which
2. Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way________ will give the reader a strong impression. Others try to________ certain emotions.
A. that; transform B. which; transform
C. that; convey D. /; convey
3. The poems may not________ and even seem contradictory, but they are easy________.
A. make sense; to learn and recite
B. make sure; to be learned and recited
C. make up; to learn and recite
D. make sense; to be learned and recited
4. Some rhyme (like B)________ others do not (like C).
A. because B. while C. though D. as
5. We would have won if we________ so late the night before.
A. stayed up B. hadn’t taken up
C. took up D. hadn’t stayed up
6. Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that is________ 17 syllables.
A. consists of B. made up C. make up of D. made up of
7. It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very________ with English writers.
A. popular B. familiar C. similar D. particular
8. English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetry—Tang poems from China________.
A. in return B. in particular
C. in conclusion D. in place
9. It is easier than you might think and certainly worth________!
A. try B. being tried
C. to try D. a try
10. There was such a long queue for coffee at the interval that we________ gave up.
A. eventually B. particularly
C. gradually D. frequently
答案：1.B2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. A
巩固提高
一、词义辨析
1. 用run out, run out of的适当形式填空
(1)—Will you lend me some paper?
—Sorry, mine has ________________.
(2)If we hadn’t ________________ money, we would have bought it.
(3)In a mine accident, the trapped miners were ____________________ energy when help came.
2. 用common, ordinary, normal, usual填空
(1)It’s very disappointing that the violinist, popular with us, gave a very ________ performance at the concert last night.
(2)Letter boxes are much more ________ in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead.
(3)The doctor said the child’s temperature was ________.
(4)As ________ he stayed up late last night.
(5)He is always acting foolishly；he has no ________ sense.
答案：
1.(1)run out (2)run out of (3)running out of
2. (1)ordinary (2)common (3)normal (4)usual(5)common
二、佳句翻译与仿写
1. And said though strange they all were true.
翻译：
____________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)她尽管年轻，但已到过很多国家进行演出。
__________________, she has travelled to many countries to put on shows.
(2)她很小时就开始学习弹钢琴。
____________________, she began to learn to play the piano.
2. We would have won if we hadn’t taken it easy.
翻译：
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)如果你听从了老师的建议，你可能已经通过考试了。
If you ________________ your teacher’s advice，you ______________________ the exam.
(2)如果他赢得了比赛的话，他就不会这么悲伤了。
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
3. Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines.
翻译：
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。
Mr. Smith, ______________________, is very kind to us.
(2)昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆。
Yesterday I met Tom, ________________________________.
4. With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own.
翻译：
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)还有那么多工作要做, 我们不能再在外面玩了。
____________________________, we can’t play outside any longer.
(2)有老师帮助我们，我们将取得更大的进步。
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
5. Should the traveler return, this stone would utter speech.
翻译：
____________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)假如明天天气好，我们就去野餐。
____________________________, we would go for a picnic.
(2)如果她是我的女儿，我就不让她出国学习了。
____________________________, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad.
答案：
1.虽奇怪，但也把实情报。
(1)Though young (2)When very young
2. 如果我们没有放松警惕，我们就会夺冠了。
(1)had followed would have passed
(2)If he had won the game, he wouldn’t have been so sad.
3. 另外一种学生容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的，叫做五行诗。
(1)our new teacher
(2)a friend of my brother’s
4. 有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许想自己作诗了。
(1)With so much work to do (2)With our teacher to help us, we will make greater progress.
5. 行人归来，石应语。
(1)Should it be fine tomorrow.
(2)Were she my daughter
一、单项选择
1. —Mr. Smith is no longer the man who he used to be.
—I agree with you. Success and wealth have________ him too much.
A. trained B. translated C. transported D. transformed
2. Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have________ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.
A. heavy B. smooth C. flexible D. complex
3. —I don’t know why we have to go to the supermarket tonight. You see I have a lot of work to do.
—We are________ our food!
A. running out B. running out of C. giving out D. used up
4. American Indians________ about five percent of the U. S.population.
A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set up
5. The way________ she wrote the poem made her famous.
A. which B. that C. in that D. by which
6. —Were you in time for the lecture?
—If I________ told earlier, I would have.
A. had been B. was C. were to be D. should be
7. —George, what do you think of the plan?
—________ I accept the plan is not perfect, I do actually like it.
A. When B. Since C. While D. Unless
8. ________ more and more forests destroyed, many animals are facing the danger of dying out.
A. Because B. As C. With D. Since
9. The five firemen the director had________ the five people in the fire were highly praised.
A. rescue B. rescued C. to rescue D. had rescued
10. —Is there anything wrong with me, doctor?
—Just a cold.________ and you’ll be all right in a week.
A. Take it easy B. Don’t mention it C. It depends D. No trouble at all
答案：1.D 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. A10. A
二、句型转换
1. We are running out of our money.
Our money ________ ________ ________.
2. We would have won if we had trained harder.
________ we ________ harder, we wouldn’t have ________.
3. People in ancient times wrote poetry for a variety of reasons.
There are ________ reasons ________ people in ancient times wrote poems.
4. Every day, the farmers work hard on their land, hoping to get a good harvest.
________ ________, ________ ________, the farmers work hard on their land in the hope of getting a good harvest.
5. There is nothing serious. Don’t be nervous.
There is nothing serious. Just ________ ________ ________.
6. He told one story after another and that kept us laughing all through the meal.
He ________ us laughing all through the meal ________ telling one story after another.
答案：1.isrunningout 2.Had; trained; failed 3.various;why 4.Dayin;dayout 5.takeiteasy
6.had;by
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、语境填词
1. His casual clothes were not a____________ for such a formal occasion.
2. If you are lost in the woods, it’s very handy to have a c________ with you.
3. A l________ is a person who is in charge of or works in a library.
4. They promised to love each other f________.
5. After a few minutes, our eyes got used to the ____________ (黑暗).
6. We __________ (交换) our opinions about the event at the meeting.
7. She won a ____________ (奖学金) to study at Oxford University.
8. Knowing that they had arrived safely took a ________ (负担) off my mind.
9. The exhibition was __________ (举办) by the Society of Culture.
10. The ________ (暖和) of the fire made us sleepy.
答案：1.appropriate 2.compass 3.librarian 4.forever 5.darkness 6.exchanged 7.scholarship
8.load 9. sponsored 10.warmth
二、单项填空
1. Although they plant trees in this area every year, the tops of some hills are still________.
A. blank B. hollow C. vacant D. bare
2. His formal style of speaking was________ to the occasion.
A. popular B. appropriate C. similar D. appreciate
3. These new ideas sound fine but they need________.
A. trying on B. trying out C. to try on D. to try out
4. Don’t________ any detail in your account even if a word.
A. let out B. take care C. make sure D. make out
5. The boy________ to the rope and was pulled out of the river by the police.
A. caught hold B. held on C. threw away D. cut off
6. It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money________favors to them.
A. in preference to B. in place of
C. in agreement with D. in exchange for
7. The doctor recommended that you________ swim after eating a large meal.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
8. —Do you think he can pass the exam?
—He is________ to fail because he was ill for several days.
A. possible B. probable C. likely D. maybe
9. While crossing the street, ________.
A. the light must be green
B. there are no policemen
C. be careful
D. it is necessary to be careful
10. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work________, he gladly accepted it.
A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished
答案：1.D 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B6. D 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. A
三、完形填空
I met him first on a summer day in 1989.I __1__ into his ugly small shop to have my shoes repaired. It wasn’t much of a job, so I __2__ while he did it. He greeted me with a __3__ smile, “You are __4__ in this place, aren’t you?”
I said I was. I had __5__ into this street only a week before.
“This is a fine place, ” he said. I __6__ there with my shoes off, __7__ around as he got ready to make repairs. He looked __8__ at the leather. It was worn through because I had __9__ to have the repair job done. I grew __10__ impatient, for I was eager to meet a friend, and I had to get there without delay.“Please hurry, ” I begged.
He looked at me __11__ his glasses, “We won’t be long. I must do a good job. You see, I have a tradition to live up to.”
A tradition? In this ugly small shop that wasn’t __12__ any from so many other shops on the streets of New York.
He must have felt my __13__ for he smiled as he __14__, “Yes, my father is a good shoemaker.” He always told me, “Son, do the best job on every shoe that __15__ the shop, and be proud of your own work. Do that always, and you’ll have both happiness and money enough to live on.”
As he __16__ me the finished shoes, he said, “These will last a long time.” I left __17__, my friend would be waiting for me __18__.
That evening I __19__ the shop. There he was. When he saw me, he waved and smiled. This was the beginning of our __20__ that came to mean more and more to me as time passed.
1. A. looked
B. rushed
C. slipped
D. broke
2. A. left
B. waited
C. watched
D. helped
3. A. sweet
B. light
C. cold
D. forced
4. Afresh
B. young
C. familiar
D. new
5. A. came
B. lived
C. moved
D. entered
6. A. stood
B. lay
C. sat
D. talked
7. A. thinking
B. moving
C. turning
D. looking
8. A. surprisingly
B. sadly
C. painfully
D. angrily
9. A. failed
B. managed
C. wanted
D. intended
10. Atmore
B. less
C. greatly
D. a little
11. Asunder
B. over
C. in
D. with
12. A. different
B. special
C. particular
D. unusual
13. A. doubt
B. surprise
C. disappointment
D. astonishment
14. A. said
B. agreed
C. continued
D. answered
15. A. flies into
B. brings to
C. comes into
D. introduces to
16. A. showed
B. handed
C. brought
D. took
17. A. quietly
B. slowly
C. in time
D. in a hurry
18. A. coldly
B. happily
C. anxiously
D. angrily
19. A. entered
B. passed
C. visited
D. saw
20. A. experience
B. love
C. friendship
D. story
答案：1.B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C6. C 7. D 8. B9. A 10. D 11. B12. A 13. B 14. C15. C 16. B 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. C
四、阅读理解
Do you still remember your favorite poem from high school or some other important periods in your life? Why is it that decades later it still stands out in your mind? Probably the main reason is that some aspect of that poem resonates (引起共鸣) with you. In the same way, you too as a school leader can touch the hearts of your staff and students.
Poetry allows us to experience strong spiritual connections to things around us and to the past. The power that poetry has displayed over time and across cultures actually satisfies this common need of the human heart and soul.
As one of the oldest art forms, poetry has successfully connected various strands of humanity (人性) from one generation to another. Referring to poetry, Hillyer makes a simple yet meaningful statement, “With this key mankind unlocked his heart.”
School leaders can find and make use of the value of poetry for themselves, their students and their staff members. Beyond the simple use of poetry, techniques of poetry such as metaphors, repetitions and imagery can be used to take advantage of the power of language to transform communication, create meaning and a culture of care and attention.
Since schools are mainly about people and relationships, school leaders，like poets，are required to inspire and encourage the human heart. The use of poetry—or even of some techniques of poetry—in school leadership not only helps to improve communication, but also serves to meet the human need for inspiration.
1. Who is the passage mainly for?
A. Students. B. School teachers. C. School leaders. D. Poets.
2. The underlined part “this common need” in the second paragraph refers to________.
A. the need to read poetry
B. the need to be inspired
C. the need to learn about the past
D. the need to be connected with other people
3. The use of poetry or techniques of poetry in school leadership is in fact to make use of________.
A. the power of language
B. the power of school leaders
C. people’s preference for poetry
D. people’s desire for communication
4. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To show the readers that poetry is really powerful.
B. To explain how poetry can be used in our daily life.
C. To talk about the art of being a school leader.
D. To encourage using the transformational power of poetry in school leadership.
答案：1.C 2. B 3. A 4. D
For a 400-year-old art form, opera had a bad fame: overweight actresses singing the words which were hard to understand in one of those romantic languages you were supposed to learn in high school. And with tickets costing as much as $145 a performance, opera-goers also had a certain appearance in people’s mind: rich, well-dressed and old.
But now opera companies around the country are loosening their ties and kicking off their shoes in an attempt to keep opera alive and take it to a younger and not so wealthy audience.
Opera producers have found that to attract this crowd, they need to associate opera with the common people. That means no formal suits, old-styled theatre or bank-breaking ticket prices. And because young people don’t or won’t come to the opera, companies are bringing the opera to them, giving performances in such usual places as parks, libraries and public schools.
The Houston Grand Opera’s choice is the public library, where it performs “mobile operas”, shortened versions of child-friendly operas. This summer’s production is Hansel & Gretel. By performing smaller versions of large productions, producers are able to make people interested while keeping costs at a reasonable level. The San Francisco Opera, which will be celebrating its 75th anniversary this year, is staging Cinderella free of charge, keeping costs down by employing students from its Young Artists’ Training Program.
1. Which is the main idea of this passage?
A. Opera is famous for its long history.
B. Opera is only performed for rich people.
C. Opera companies are trying to keep opera alive.
D. Young people are not interested in opera.
2.The underlined phrase in the second paragraph means________.
A. breaking up the old rules
B. changing the dresses
C. making the audience at ease
D. advertising themselves
3. The San Francisco Opera employs students in order to________.
A. celebrate its 75th anniversary
B. reduce the cost
C. attract young people
D. make Cinderella popular
4. From the passage we can infer that________.
A. the tickets for opera are very expensive
B. opera is performed in a difficult language
C. opera is not so popular an art form today
D. students enjoy performing opera very much
答案：1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C
Sure, it’s good to get along with your teacher because it makes the time you spend in the classroom more pleasant.
And yes, it’s good to get along with your teacher because, in general, it’s smart to learn how to relate to the different types of people you’ll meet throughout your life.
But really, there’s one super-important reason why you should get along with your teacher. When you do, “learning bursts right open,” says Evelyn Vuko, a longtime teacher who writes an education column called “Teacher Says” for the Washington Post newspaper.
In fact, kids who get along with their teachers not only learn more, but they’re more comfortable asking questions and getting extra help. This makes it easier to understand new material and do your best on tests. When you have this kind of relationship with a teacher, he or she can be someone to turn to with problems, such as problems with learning or school issues, such as bullying (欺负人).
As a kid in a primary or middle school, you’re at a wonderful stage in your life. You’re like a sponge (海绵), able to soak up lots of new and exciting information. On top of that, you’re able to think about all this information in new ways. Your teacher knows that, and in most cases, he/she is very excited to be the person who’s giving you all that material and helping you put it together. Remember, teachers are people, too, and they feel great if you’re open to what they’re teaching you. That’s why they wanted to be teachers in the first place—to teach!
Some kids may be able to learn in any situation, whether they like the teacher or not. But most kids are sensitive (敏感的) to the way they get along with the teacher, and if things aren’t going well, they won’t learn as well and won’t enjoy being in class.
1. In the passage, the author mainly talks about________.
A. how to get along well with teachers
B. the importance of a good relation with teachers
C. how much the students are expected to get along with teachers
D. how to make the time in the classroom more pleasant
2. “Learning bursts right open” in the third paragraph really means________.
A. learning becomes easier for you at once
B. you find an opening to learning
C. there’ll be more problems with learning
D. there’ll be no problems with learning
3. According to the passage, which of the following offers the best reasoning?
A. You are getting on well with your teachers, so you have more questions than others.
B. You find it comfortable to ask questions, so you can build a good relationship with teachers.
C. You have a good relationship with a teacher, so you can turn to him/her when in trouble.
D. You are in trouble, so you can build a good relationship with teachers.
4. Which of the comments is FALSE on teachers and their work according to the passage?
A. Teachers are excited even if you wouldn’t like to accept their teaching.
B. Teachers sometimes have the same feelings as students do.
C. Though few there are still some students who can learn even if they don’t like the teacher.
D. Having a bad relationship with your teachers does more or less harm to your studies.
答案：1. B 2. A3. C 4. A
Unit2 Poems-语法篇
进一步理解并巩固虚拟语气的用法；
能够熟练使用虚拟语气做题；
虚拟语气的用法
虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种：
一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句
注意：主句中的should通常用于第一人称，would可用于任何人称,同时也可根据意思用情态动词could, might等代替should, would。
与现在事实相反
连接词
条件从句
结果从句
If
1).动词过去式(或were)
2).助动词（过去式）+动词原形
Should/Would/Could/might+动词原形
If had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall.
If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.
与过去事实相反
连接词
条件从句
结果从句
If
had+过去分词
Should/Would/Could/might + have+过去分词
If I’d known that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.
与将来事实相反
连接词
条件从句
结果从句
If
1.?should+动词原形
2.?动词过去式
3. were to+动词原形
Should/Would/could/might+动词原形
If it were to/should rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.
错综时间虚拟语气
当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如：
If I were you, I would have gone home.（从句说的是现在，主句指的是过去。）
If you had followed the doctor's advice, you would be quite all right now. (从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在。)
If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.
其它状语从句
方式状语as if(as though)
如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用"had+过去分词"；表示与将来事实相反；谓语动词用"would(might, could)+动词原形"。例如:
He looks at me as if I were mad.
He spoke English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.
但as if(as though)后的从句也常用陈述语气,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。例如: It looks as if our side is going to win.
目的状语in order that, so that 从句谓语动词用" may/might, can/could)+动词原形"。
例如: She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted.
连词引导的条件状语从句:
in case, unless, supposing , providing, on condition that从句谓语动词用(should)或" might, could)+动词原形"。
连词引导的步状语从句 lest ,for fear that等
We hid behind some bushes for fear that passer-by should see us.
二、虚拟语气用于宾语从句
Suggest, advise 等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：
要求：ask demand require request beg plead insist pray urge
建议：suggest advise propose recommend move
命令、决定：order command decide determine resolve
其它：consent deserve desire intend maintain prefer等后面的宾语从句中 +that…(should )+动词原形
注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。
He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking.
They demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people.
如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。
He insists that he is right. 注意:insist作"力言"、"强调"解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作"坚持(应该)"解时,宾语从句才用虚拟语气。例如:
Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.
I insisted that you give me my money back.
"wish+宾语从句"表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为"可惜……"、"……就好了"、"悔不该……"、
但愿……"等。表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望,用"would(could)+动词原形";表示过去不能实现的愿望,用"had+过去分词"或"(could)would+have+过去分词"。例如:
wish的用法
1). 与现在事实相反 :动词过去式或were
I wish we could go to the seaside today.
I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer..)
2).与过去事实相反 : 主语+wish(that)+主语 + 动词过去完成式
We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)
3).与将来事实相反 :助动词过去式+动词原形
I wish they’d let us get some sleep.
注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：
（1） We hope they will come,(We don’t know if they can come.)
（2） We wish they could come,(We know they are not coming.)
虚拟语气在would rather/would sooner/would just as soon后接从句:
I'd rather you paid me now. (从句用过去时指现在)
I would rather they came tomorrow. (从句用过去时指将来)
I'd rather she hadn't done that. (从句用过去完成时指过去)(此句中的would可看作是表愿望的实义动词)
三、虚拟语气用于主语从句
在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用"should+动词原形"的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等。例如:
It is necessary ( appropriate/ crucial / desirable/dreadful / essential/important /improper incredible/ indispensable / insistent /natural / preferable / possible / probable/ proper / right /.significant / surprising /strange/ tragic / urgent /vital /wrong etc.)that we should clean the room every day.
It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.
It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon.
a?在上述三种主语从句中,should意为"应该"、"竟然",可以省去,但不可换用would。主句所用动词的时态不限。
注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说话人对这种事实表示惊奇,就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇，that从句也可用陈述语气。例如:
It is strange that he did not come yesterday.
It is a pity that you can't swim.
四、虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句
要求：demand requirement request motion pray insistence
建议：suggestion advice proposal recommendation motion
命令、决定：order command decision determination resolution
其它：plan desire idea necessity preference等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构"(should)+动词原形"。例如:
We all agreed to his suggestion that we(should)go to Beijing for sightseeing.
My idea is that he (should)do exercises first.
五、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法
省掉if的条件从句倒装结构：(should, had, were)
Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…)
Were I you, I would be back home. (= If I were you, …)
Should I know it, I would tell you. (= If I should know it, …)
有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：A
true friend would not do such a thing. (=If he were a true friend, he...)
Without water, we would not live. (=If there were no water,…)
But for your help, I couldn’t have finished it.(=If you hadn’t helped me,…)
虚拟语气用于定语从句:It’s (high) time that…+动词过去式或should+动词原形， (should不能省
略,be用were)"来表示,意为"(现在)该……"。如：
It’s time (that) you had a hair cut.
It’s high time (that) we took some action.
虚拟语气用于if only引导的感叹句:
If only I had taken his advice.我要是听他的话就好了。
If only I were a bird!我如果是一只鸟就好了。
虚拟语气用于简单句
表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌,使语气委婉,常出现在日常会话中。
例如:It would be better for you not to stay up too late.
Would you be kind enough to open the door?
2)用于一些习惯表达法中。例如:
Would you like a cup of tea.
You had better go now.
3)用"may+动词原形",表示"祝愿"、"但愿"。may须置于句首。例如:
May you be happy!
May you succeed!
含蓄条件句
在某些虚拟语气结构中没有if条件句,虚拟条件是用其它形式表示出来,这种现象在语法上称为"含蓄条件句"。含蓄条件具体分为以下几种情况:
通过动词不定式短语表示条件。例如:
You would be a fool to refuse his offer. (=If you should refuse his offer, you would be a fool.) 要是你拒绝他的建议,就太傻了。
通过介词短语表达条件。例如:
But for the storm I would have arrived much earlier. (=If it had not been for the storm...)
要不是那场暴雨,我早就到达了。
Without air, there would be no living things. I would not have succeeded but for your help.
通过连词otherwise, or, but, that, though, once等表达条件。例如:
She came to town yesterday, otherwise/or I would not have met her.
昨天她到城里来了,不然我就不会遇见她了。(otherwise/or=if she hadn't come)
I would have attended the meeting, but I have been too busy. (=...if I had not been too busy)
我本来要参加会议的,只是太忙了。
通过Were it not for...或Had it not been for...等句式表达条件。意为"如果当时没有……",表示同
过去事实相反的假设。例如:
Were it not for(=If it were not for) the leadership of the Party, we could not live a happy life.
要不是党的领导,我们不可能过幸福生活。(与现在事实相反)
Had it not been for(=If it had not been for) the leadership of the Party, we should have failed.
若不是有党的领导,我们早就失败了。(与过去事实相反)
通过分词短语表达条件。例如:
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.倘若给予更多的关心,这些树本来可以生长得更好的。(=If they had been given more attention...)
无词句暗示条件。例如:
Such mistakes could have been avoided.这种错误本来可以避免的。
(暗含条件从句if we had been more careful)
It was so quiet, you could have heard a pin drop.是那样的安静,掉根针你都听得见。
(暗含条件从句if it had dropped to the ground)
1. (2014·盐城二模)—Nowadays people seem to be becoming more and more selfish.
—How much better life would be if we ________to the values of the past!
A. would return B. had returned
C. return D. were to return
2. (2014·齐鲁名校联合测试)To make the most of your time, live every moment as if it ________your last.
A. is B. would be
C. were D. has been
3. (2014·江西鹰潭二模)They must have been enjoying themselves there, or they ________so long.
A. wouldn’t stay B. needn’t have stayed
C. wouldn’t have stayed D. couldn’t stay
4. (2014·福建三明三校联考)—Look at the full moon. How beautiful it is!
—How I wish I ________on it some day!
A. were B. am
C. would be D. will be
5. (2014·江西师大附中二模)The family ________on time, but their car had a flat tyre on the halfway.
A. would arrive B. could arrive
C. must have arrived D. would have arrived
基础演练
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball; otherwise, he ____________________ (score) a goal.
2. She loves the boy as if she ________ (be) his mother.
3. You __________________________ (not make) such a serious mistake if you had followed my advice.
4. If I had studied hard, I ________________ (win) the scholarship now.
5. If I ________________________ (not catch) by something, I would have come to your party yesterday.
6. The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I ________________ (go) there.
7. The teacher advised us that we ________________ (pay) more attention to our pronunciation.
8. If it __________________ (not be) for the help of our teacher, we should not have made so much progress.
9. If I should see him tomorrow, I ________________ (invite) him home.
10. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ________________ (take) your advice!
二、完成句子
1. 他在人群中发出尖叫声。
He ________________ a scream in the crowd.
2. 我试一下这支圆珠笔可以吗？
May I ________________ this ballpoint pen, please?
3. 看这种无聊的节目是毫无意义的。
It ______________________ to watch such boring programmes.
4. 她的书已经被翻译成了十种语言。
Her book ____________________________ ten languages.
5. 你要是早点来，就可以赶上公共汽车了。(倒装句)
________________________, you would have caught the bus.
巩固提高
一、单项填空
1. —John went to the hospital alone.
—If he ________me about it, I would have gone with him.
A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told
2. If we ________the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken
3. —The weather has been very hot and dry.
—Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables________.
A. wouldn’t die B. didn’t die C. hadn’t died D. wouldn’t have died
4. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy________.
A. would have been saved B. had been saved
C. will be saved D. was saved
5. If he ________my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.
A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow
6. ________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the cinema often.
A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not
7. —If the traffic hadn’t been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o’clock.
—What a pity! Tina________ here to see you.
A. is B. was C. would be D. has been
8. But for the help of my English teacher, I________ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. would not win B. would not have won
C. would win D. would have won
9. It is necessary that people all over the world________ a “low-carbon” life to protect the earth from getting warmer and warmer.
A. live B. will live C. must live D. have lived
10. I would have come earlier, but I________ that you were waiting for me.
A. didn’t know B. hadn’t known
C. would have known D. haven’t known
11. Johnson suggested the problem worth paying attention________ at the meeting.
A. to be discussed B. to been discussed
C. being discussed D. should be discussed
12. The professor reminded me of what I would have forgotten.
A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. whenever
13. You________ all right now if you________ to the doctor then.
A. would be; had listened
B. would have been; had listened
C. would be; listened
D. would have been; listened
14. Thank you for giving me a hand. I________ in the experiment without your valuable help.
A. had failed B. will fail C. would have failed D. must have failed
15. ________ strict with me when I was young, I could not be such a successful person now.
A. If you are not B. If you were not
C. Were you not D. If you had not been
一、根据语气特点，用所给词的适当形式填空
Dear brother,
I’m now writing to you for your advice. How I wish you ________ (be) here with me!
Yesterday afternoon, I went to a bookstore with one of my friends. After we went out, he showed me the book he had stolen. Considering he was wrong, I suggested he ________________ (go) back to return it or pay for it. But he didn’t listen to me, otherwise I ____________________________ (not report) it to his mother.
Now I’m really regretful. I would rather I ________________ (not let) his mother know it. After all, he is my friend, without whose help, I ____________________________ (not make) so rapid progress in study.
But it is now obvious that he has begun to hate me. It seems as if we ________________ (not be) friends before. Can you advise what I ______________ (do) now?
________ (be) you in my position, what would you ________ (do)？I hope you ________ (can) give me some advice as soon as possible.
Yours,
Li Hua
二、短文改错
The day before the speech contest(比赛) English teacher talked to me. She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success, but it didn’t matter that I would win or not. When I was on the stage the next day, I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf. There were such many people present！Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. She was smiling but nodding at me. I remembered her words and calm down. I did a good job and won the first prize. Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项填空
1. Owing to his________ mind, he quickly found a way out.
A. steady B. flexible C. concrete D. lonely
2. In his first class, the Chinese teacher tried to________ to the students that reading is one of life’s greatest pleasures.
A. convey B. educate C. persuade D. convince
3. She liked this kind of dress________ and bought some material to make one at home.
A. in particular B. in the flesh C. on the other hand D. by coincidence
4. More than 200 members________ the club, and the number is increasing.
A. consist of B. make up C. are made up of D. are composed of
5. —What would you give me________ my recorder?
—An MP5.
A. in exchange for B. with regard to
C. by means of D. in place of
6. He didn’t break the vase deliberately. He broke it________.
A. by chance B. in exchange C. in advance D. on purpose
7. She enjoys________ new ways of doing things because she thinks she can get much enjoyment by doing that.
A. leaving out B. letting out C. trying out D. working out
8. A great man shows his greatness________ the way he treats a little man.
A. under B. with C. on D. by
9. You have no idea how she finished the relay race________ her foot wounded so much.
A. for B. when C. with D. while
10. In some places women are expected to earn money________ men work at home and raise their children.
A. but B. while C. because D. though
11. —How do you like the lecture last Friday?
—Terrible. Though________ to stop, the________ speaker kept on talking at the meeting.
A. being told; exciting B. telling; excited
C. to be told; exciting D. told; excited
12. ________ your advice, I would have failed in the experiment.
A. In spite of B. Although C. But for D. As for
13. Had Mary taken medicine just as the doctor said yesterday，she________ quite right now.
A. must have been B. would have been
C. were D. would be
14. It’s high time that we students________ even harder at our lessons as the examination is coming nearer.
A. work B. will work C. worked D. have to work
15. —I feel nervous when taking an exam.
—________ and you can do well.
A. Take it easy
B. Take your time
C. It’s up to you
D. Mind your own business
16. —What’s ________schedule for this weekend?
—________ greeting ceremony for Professor White will be held in the lecture hall.
A. the; The B. a; A C. the; A D. a; The
17. Words can’t________ how happy I am.
A. convey B. carry C. take D. remember
18. The technical cooperation and cultural________ between the two countries are daily on the increase.
A. expenses B. exchanges C. revenges D. extension
19. Some TV stations were advertising the company because it________ several TV programs.
A. had B. held C. sponsored D. bought
20. My money________. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I’ve none in hand.
A. has run out B. is running out
C. has been run out D. is being run out
二、完形填空
Aleksandor Pushkin (1799—1837)could have led a very comfortable life, just like any other child who was born into a rich, aristocratic (贵族的) family. But if he had __21__ an easy life, perhaps he would not be __22__ the greatest Russian poet.
The great man is celebrated at the Pushkin Festival, __23__ falls on the first Sunday of June.
Pushkin __24__ his first poem when he was only 14 years old.__25__he left a school for aristocratic youngsters in 1817, his talent was __26__recognized.The promising young man __27__a post at the foreign office in St.Petersbug.
The poet __28__have become a big name in Russian politics. But over time he began to__29__for change in society, and spoke for other writers that thought the same way. He wrote __30__ poems such as Ode to Liberty (《自由颂》). Pushkin also met members of a political group that later __31__ an uprising (起义). Several members were arrested and killed, and hundreds of people were sent to Siberia (西伯利亚).
Although Pushkin was __32__, he never denied his friendship with them.__33__when the Tsar (沙皇) asked him which side he was on, Pushkin said he supported the group.
His behavior made the government __34__and he was sent away. Pushkin __35__to write poems about the simple joys of __36__people.His masterpiece is the novel in verse Eygene Onegin (《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》). The poetry can only be __37__Mozart’s music.
Pushkin died young, at the age of 37, after being forced into a duel (决斗). __38__is said that his wife had many admirers and that she had a(n) __39__with an officer. He challenged the man to a duel which left both men injured. Pushkin died two days __40__.
21. A. created
B. led
C. enjoyed
D. built
22. A. known as
B. known for
C. known to
D. known by
23. A. it
B. he
C. that
D. which
24. A. printed
B. declared
C. published
D. sold
25. A. At a time
B. In time
C. By the time
D. At time
26. A. widely
B. nearly
C. partly
D. highly
27. A. accepted
B. found
C. applied
D. received
28. A. can
B. may
C. would
D. could
29. A. turn up
B. take up
C. stand up
D. pick up
30. A. literature
B. chemical
C. practical
D. political
31. A. recognized
B. organized
C. developed
D. discovered
32. A. in trouble
B. in danger
C. out of trouble
D. out of danger
33. A. So
B. Still
C. Even
D. Yet
34. A. angry
B. happy
C. terrible
D. nervous
35. A. forgot
B. tried
C. stopped
D. continued
36. A. poor
B. past
C. everyday
D. present
37. A. connected
B. compared to
C. contributed to
D. belonged to
38. A. It
B. What
C. He
D. This
39. A. matter
B. thing
C. idea
D. affair
40. A. later
B. ago
C. before
D. or so
三、阅读理解
A
A new generation addiction is quickly spreading all over the world. Weboholism, a twentieth century disease, affects people from different ages. They surf the net, use e-mail and speak in chat rooms. They spend many hours on the computer, and it becomes a compulsive habit. They cannot stop, and it affects their life.
Ten years ago, no one thought that using computers could become compulsive behavior that could affect the social and physical life of computer users. This obsessional behavior has affected teenagers and college students. They are likely to log on computers and spend long hours at different websites.
They become hooked on computers and gradually their social and school life is affected by this situation. They spend all free time surfing and don’t concentrate on homework, so this addiction influences their grades and success at school. Because they can find everything on the websites，they hang out there. Moreover, this addiction to websites influences their social life.
They spend more time in front of computers than with their friends. The relation with their friends changes. The virtual life becomes more important than their real life. They have a new language that they speak in the chat rooms and it causes cultural changes in society.
Because of the change in their behavior, they begin to isolate themselves from the society and live with their virtual friends. They share their emotions and feelings with friends who they have never met in their life. Although they feel confident on the computer, they are not confident with real live friends they have known all their life. It is a problem for the future. This addictive behavior is beginning to affect all the world.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The cause of weboholism.
B. The advantage of weboholism.
C. The popularity of weboholism.
D. The influence of weboholism.
2. The underlined word “obsessional” in the second paragraph most probably means “________”.
A. attractive B. addictive
C. professional D. potential
3. We can infer from the passage that________.
A. weboholism has the greatest effect on teenagers
B. students can hardly balance real and virtual life
C. people are addicted to games on the Internet
D. virtual life is more vivid and attractive anyway
4. Which of the following is NOT true of weboholism?
A. It contributes to the development of the web.
B. The chat room language may change social culture.
C. The problem will be getting more and more serious later.
D. People addicted to the web often become inactive in real life.
B
What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange or red? If you do, you must be an optimist (乐观主义者), a leader, or an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer gray or blue? If you do, then you are probably quiet, shy and you would rather follow than lead. If you love green, you are strong-minded and determined. You wish to succeed and want other people to see you are successful. At least this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, and the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us that we don’t choose our favorite color as we grow up. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
A yellow room makes us feel more cheerful and more comfortable than a dark green one, and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing. Light and bright colors make people not only happier but also more active. It is a fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or dark gray.
Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day or your life with a new shirt or a few colorful things. Remember that you will know your friends and your enemies better when you find out what colors they like and dislike as well. And don’t forget that anyone can guess about your character when you choose a piece of handkerchief or a lampshade.
1. The author believes in the passage that________.
A. anyone can choose his color preference in his life
B. no one can choose his color preference in his life
C. anyone is born with his color preference
D. no one is born with his color preference
2. According to the passage, ________.
A. if you enjoy life, you must like yellow, orange and red
B. if you are quiet, you must prefer gray or blue
C. if you love green, you usually do what you have decided
D. if you love pink, you often go to flower shops
3. Psychologists study the meaning of color preference because________.
A. colors may affect the emotional states of the people
B. colors may decide the results of our work and study
C. color preference can tell you who your friends are
D. color preference can help you to see through your enemies
4. The main idea of this passage is that________.
A. color preference has something to do with one’s character
B. colors have effects on human psychological states
C. you will know your friends or your enemies by knowing the colors they like
D. all of the above
C
The Poetry Foundation, recently named American poet Jack Prelutsky as the nation’s first children’s poet laureate (桂冠诗人). The group created the award as a way to increase children’s love of poetry.
As children’s poet laureate, Jack Prelutsky will give two public readings in the next two years. He will also advise the Poetry Foundation about children’s literature and take part in projects concerning children and poetry.
Jack Prelutsky has been writing poetry for children for almost forty years. He has written more than thirty-five books of poems. His first book was called A Gopher in the Garden. It was published in 1967.His latest is called Behold the Bold Umbrellaphant and Other Poems.
Jack Prelutsky is well known for creating new words by combining two words to create a new kind of creature. For example, he combined “radish” with “shark” to get “radishark”. “Lion” and “broccoli” became “broccolion”. He also created “umbrellaphant”, a mixture of the words “umbrella” and “elephant”.
Jack Prelutsky says that children like his poems because he writes about things they care about. Poetry researchers say that Jack Prelutsky’s poems recognize children’s feelings. An example of this is the poem My Sister Is a Werewolf which is about how it feels to be different.
Jack Prelutsky also writes poems about American holidays. His poem It’s Halloween is a very famous one about the holiday celebrated at the end of October.
1. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. Poems with New Words Grow Popular
B. First Children’s Poet Laureate Named
C. Children’s Love for Poetry Increased
D. Jack Prelutsky Awarded Nationwide
2. What is Jack Prelutsky famous for?
A. Creating new words in his poems.
B. His productivity.
C. His long time of writing.
D. His poems about American holidays.
3. Children are in favour of his poems because________.
A. they are easy to understand
B. the poet is famous
C. children like reading new words
D. the poet understands their feelings
4. What can we infer from the passage?
A. It was A Gopher in the Garden that brought him fame.
B. The poet will be kept busy over a lot of activities.
C. Jack Prelutsky will no longer write about American holidays.
D. The poem It’s Halloween must have been written for adults.
D
For a 400-year-old art form, opera had a bad fame: overweight actresses singing the words which were hard to understand in one of those romantic languages you were supposed to learn in high school. And with tickets costing as much as $145 a performance, opera-goers also had a certain appearance in people’s mind: rich, well-dressed and old.
But now opera companies around the country are loosening their ties and kicking off their shoes in an attempt to keep opera alive and take it to a younger and not so wealthy audience.
Opera producers have found that to attract this crowd, they need to associate opera with the common people. That means no formal suits, old-styled theatre or bank-breaking ticket prices. And because young people don’t or won’t come to the opera, companies are bringing the opera to them, giving performances in such usual places as parks, libraries and public schools.
The Houston Grand Opera’s choice is the public library, where it performs “mobile operas”, shortened versions of child-friendly operas. This summer’s production is Hansel & Gretel. By performing smaller versions of large productions, producers are able to make people interested while keeping costs at a reasonable level. The San Francisco Opera, which will be celebrating its 75th anniversary this year, is staging Cinderella free of charge, keeping costs down by employing students from its Young Artists’ Training Program.
1. Which is the main idea of this passage?
A. Opera is famous for its long history.
B. Opera is only performed for rich people.
C. Opera companies are trying to keep opera alive.
D. Young people are not interested in opera.
2. The underlined phrase in the second paragraph means________.
A. breaking up the old rules
B. changing the dresses
C. making the audience at ease
D. advertising themselves
3. The San Francisco Opera employs students in order to________.
A. celebrate its 75th anniversary
B. reduce the cost
C. attract young people
D. make Cinderella popular
4. From the passage we can infer that________.
A. the tickets for opera are very expensive
B. opera is performed in a difficult language
C. opera is not so popular an art form today
D. students enjoy performing opera very much
四、书面表达
假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Bob来信说，他不明白为什么许多中国父母喜欢用古诗启蒙孩子，请你写一封回信解释其中的原因。内容要点如下：
1. 中国是一个历史悠久的国家，文化形式多样，尤其以古诗歌闻名于世。
2. 诗歌有一定的韵律，语言简洁，具有易学、易记的特点。
3. 诗歌富含感彩，且富有想象力，深受孩子们的喜爱。
注意：词数100～120。开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Bob,
I was glad to hear from you.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
Unit2 Poems-语法篇
进一步理解并巩固虚拟语气的用法；
能够熟练使用虚拟语气做题；
虚拟语气的用法
虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种：
一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句
注意：主句中的should通常用于第一人称，would可用于任何人称,同时也可根据意思用情态动词could, might等代替should, would。
与现在事实相反
连接词
条件从句
结果从句
If
1).动词过去式(或were)
2).助动词（过去式）+动词原形
Should/Would/Could/might+动词原形
If had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall.
If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.
与过去事实相反
连接词
条件从句
结果从句
If
had+过去分词
Should/Would/Could/might + have+过去分词
If I’d known that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.
与将来事实相反
连接词
条件从句
结果从句
If
1.?should+动词原形
2.?动词过去式
3. were to+动词原形
Should/Would/could/might+动词原形
If it were to/should rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.
错综时间虚拟语气
当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如：
If I were you, I would have gone home.（从句说的是现在，主句指的是过去。）
If you had followed the doctor's advice, you would be quite all right now. (从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在。)
If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.
其它状语从句
方式状语as if(as though)
如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用"had+过去分词"；表示与将来事实相反；谓语动词用"would(might, could)+动词原形"。例如:
He looks at me as if I were mad.
He spoke English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.
但as if(as though)后的从句也常用陈述语气,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。例如: It looks as if our side is going to win.
目的状语in order that, so that 从句谓语动词用" may/might, can/could)+动词原形"。
例如: She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted.
连词引导的条件状语从句:
in case, unless, supposing , providing, on condition that从句谓语动词用(should)或" might, could)+动词原形"。
连词引导的步状语从句 lest ,for fear that等
We hid behind some bushes for fear that passer-by should see us.
二、虚拟语气用于宾语从句
Suggest, advise 等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：
要求：ask demand require request beg plead insist pray urge
建议：suggest advise propose recommend move
命令、决定：order command decide determine resolve
其它：consent deserve desire intend maintain prefer等后面的宾语从句中 +that…(should )+动词原形
注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。
He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking.
They demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people.
如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。
He insists that he is right. 注意:insist作"力言"、"强调"解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作"坚持(应该)"解时,宾语从句才用虚拟语气。例如:
Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.
I insisted that you give me my money back.
"wish+宾语从句"表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为"可惜……"、"……就好了"、"悔不该……"、
但愿……"等。表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望,用"would(could)+动词原形";表示过去不能实现的愿望,用"had+过去分词"或"(could)would+have+过去分词"。例如:
wish的用法
1). 与现在事实相反 :动词过去式或were
I wish we could go to the seaside today.
I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer..)
2).与过去事实相反 : 主语+wish(that)+主语 + 动词过去完成式
We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)
3).与将来事实相反 :助动词过去式+动词原形
I wish they’d let us get some sleep.
注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：
（1） We hope they will come,(We don’t know if they can come.)
（2） We wish they could come,(We know they are not coming.)
虚拟语气在would rather/would sooner/would just as soon后接从句:
I'd rather you paid me now. (从句用过去时指现在)
I would rather they came tomorrow. (从句用过去时指将来)
I'd rather she hadn't done that. (从句用过去完成时指过去)(此句中的would可看作是表愿望的实义动词)
三、虚拟语气用于主语从句
在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用"should+动词原形"的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等。例如:
It is necessary ( appropriate/ crucial / desirable/dreadful / essential/important /improper incredible/ indispensable / insistent /natural / preferable / possible / probable/ proper / right /.significant / surprising /strange/ tragic / urgent /vital /wrong etc.)that we should clean the room every day.
It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.
It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon.
a?在上述三种主语从句中,should意为"应该"、"竟然",可以省去,但不可换用would。主句所用动词的时态不限。
注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说话人对这种事实表示惊奇,就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇，that从句也可用陈述语气。例如:
It is strange that he did not come yesterday.
It is a pity that you can't swim.
四、虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句
要求：demand requirement request motion pray insistence
建议：suggestion advice proposal recommendation motion
命令、决定：order command decision determination resolution
其它：plan desire idea necessity preference等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构"(should)+动词原形"。例如:
We all agreed to his suggestion that we(should)go to Beijing for sightseeing.
My idea is that he (should)do exercises first.
五、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法
省掉if的条件从句倒装结构：(should, had, were)
Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…)
Were I you, I would be back home. (= If I were you, …)
Should I know it, I would tell you. (= If I should know it, …)
有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：A
true friend would not do such a thing. (=If he were a true friend, he...)
Without water, we would not live. (=If there were no water,…)
But for your help, I couldn’t have finished it.(=If you hadn’t helped me,…)
虚拟语气用于定语从句:It’s (high) time that…+动词过去式或should+动词原形， (should不能省
略,be用were)"来表示,意为"(现在)该……"。如：
It’s time (that) you had a hair cut.
It’s high time (that) we took some action.
虚拟语气用于if only引导的感叹句:
If only I had taken his advice.我要是听他的话就好了。
If only I were a bird!我如果是一只鸟就好了。
虚拟语气用于简单句
表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌,使语气委婉,常出现在日常会话中。
例如:It would be better for you not to stay up too late.
Would you be kind enough to open the door?
2)用于一些习惯表达法中。例如:
Would you like a cup of tea.
You had better go now.
3)用"may+动词原形",表示"祝愿"、"但愿"。may须置于句首。例如:
May you be happy!
May you succeed!
含蓄条件句
在某些虚拟语气结构中没有if条件句,虚拟条件是用其它形式表示出来,这种现象在语法上称为"含蓄条件句"。含蓄条件具体分为以下几种情况:
通过动词不定式短语表示条件。例如:
You would be a fool to refuse his offer. (=If you should refuse his offer, you would be a fool.) 要是你拒绝他的建议,就太傻了。
通过介词短语表达条件。例如:
But for the storm I would have arrived much earlier. (=If it had not been for the storm...)
要不是那场暴雨,我早就到达了。
Without air, there would be no living things. I would not have succeeded but for your help.
通过连词otherwise, or, but, that, though, once等表达条件。例如:
She came to town yesterday, otherwise/or I would not have met her.
昨天她到城里来了,不然我就不会遇见她了。(otherwise/or=if she hadn't come)
I would have attended the meeting, but I have been too busy. (=...if I had not been too busy)
我本来要参加会议的,只是太忙了。
通过Were it not for...或Had it not been for...等句式表达条件。意为"如果当时没有……",表示同
过去事实相反的假设。例如:
Were it not for(=If it were not for) the leadership of the Party, we could not live a happy life.
要不是党的领导,我们不可能过幸福生活。(与现在事实相反)
Had it not been for(=If it had not been for) the leadership of the Party, we should have failed.
若不是有党的领导,我们早就失败了。(与过去事实相反)
通过分词短语表达条件。例如:
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.倘若给予更多的关心,这些树本来可以生长得更好的。(=If they had been given more attention...)
无词句暗示条件。例如:
Such mistakes could have been avoided.这种错误本来可以避免的。
(暗含条件从句if we had been more careful)
It was so quiet, you could have heard a pin drop.是那样的安静,掉根针你都听得见。
(暗含条件从句if it had dropped to the ground)
1. (2014·盐城二模)—Nowadays people seem to be becoming more and more selfish.
—How much better life would be if we ________to the values of the past!
A. would return B. had returned
C. return D. were to return
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为：——现在的人好像变得越来越自私了。——如果我们能够恢复过去的价值观，生活会更加美好！由语境可知，此处表示与将来情况相反，故if从句中可用动词的过去式/were to do/should do，由此可知应选D项。
答案：D
2. (2014·齐鲁名校联合测试)To make the most of your time, live every moment as if it ________your last.
A. is B. would be
C. were D. has been
解析：考查虚拟语气。根据句意“要充分利用时间，把每一刻都当作生命的最后一刻来生活”可知，此处是与现在事实相反的一种虚拟，故用were，答案为C。
答案：C
3. (2014·江西鹰潭二模)They must have been enjoying themselves there, or they ________so long.
A. wouldn’t stay B. needn’t have stayed
C. wouldn’t have stayed D. couldn’t stay
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为：他们一定在那儿很享受，否则他们不会在那儿待这么长时间。or引导的为含蓄式虚拟语气，前面的句子相当于if从句，or所跟的句子相当于主句。根据前面从句中的must have been enjoying可知，此处表示对过去情况的假设虚拟，因此or后面主句中的谓语动词应用would/could/should have done的形式。
答案：C
4. (2014·福建三明三校联考)—Look at the full moon. How beautiful it is!
—How I wish I ________on it some day!
A. were B. am
C. would be D. will be
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为：——看那圆圆的月亮。它多美呀！——我多么希望将来有一天能在月亮上面呀！wish后面的宾语从句表达的是将来不可能实现的愿望，故用虚拟语气。结合语境可知，此处是对将来事件的虚拟，故选C。
答案：C
5. (2014·江西师大附中二模)The family ________on time, but their car had a flat tyre on the halfway.
A. would arrive B. could arrive
C. must have arrived D. would have arrived
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为：这一家人本可以按时到达的，不料半路上他们的轮胎漏气了。根据句意可知，此处表示对过去情况的虚拟。
答案：D
基础演练
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball; otherwise, he ____________________ (score) a goal.
2. She loves the boy as if she ________ (be) his mother.
3. You __________________________ (not make) such a serious mistake if you had followed my advice.
4. If I had studied hard, I ________________ (win) the scholarship now.
5. If I ________________________ (not catch) by something, I would have come to your party yesterday.
6. The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I ________________ (go) there.
7. The teacher advised us that we ________________ (pay) more attention to our pronunciation.
8. If it __________________ (not be) for the help of our teacher, we should not have made so much progress.
9. If I should see him tomorrow, I ________________ (invite) him home.
10. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ________________ (take) your advice!
答案：1.would have scored 2.were 3.wouldn’t have made 4. would win 5.hadn’t been caught 6.hadn’t gone 7. (should) pay 8.had not been 9.would invite 10. had taken
二、完成句子
1. 他在人群中发出尖叫声。
He ________________ a scream in the crowd.
2. 我试一下这支圆珠笔可以吗？
May I ________________ this ballpoint pen, please?
3. 看这种无聊的节目是毫无意义的。
It ______________________ to watch such boring programmes.
4. 她的书已经被翻译成了十种语言。
Her book ____________________________ ten languages.
5. 你要是早点来，就可以赶上公共汽车了。(倒装句)
________________________, you would have caught the bus.
答案：1.let out 2.try out 3.makes no sense 4.has been translated into 5.Had you come earlier
巩固提高
一、单项填空
1. —John went to the hospital alone.
—If he ________me about it, I would have gone with him.
A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told
2. If we ________the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken
3. —The weather has been very hot and dry.
—Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables________.
A. wouldn’t die B. didn’t die C. hadn’t died D. wouldn’t have died
4. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy________.
A. would have been saved B. had been saved
C. will be saved D. was saved
5. If he ________my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.
A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow
6. ________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the cinema often.
A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not
7. —If the traffic hadn’t been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o’clock.
—What a pity! Tina________ here to see you.
A. is B. was C. would be D. has been
8. But for the help of my English teacher, I________ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. would not win B. would not have won
C. would win D. would have won
9. It is necessary that people all over the world________ a “low-carbon” life to protect the earth from getting warmer and warmer.
A. live B. will live C. must live D. have lived
10. I would have come earlier, but I________ that you were waiting for me.
A. didn’t know B. hadn’t known
C. would have known D. haven’t known
11. Johnson suggested the problem worth paying attention________ at the meeting.
A. to be discussed B. to been discussed
C. being discussed D. should be discussed
12. The professor reminded me of what I would have forgotten.
A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. whenever
13. You________ all right now if you________ to the doctor then.
A. would be; had listened
B. would have been; had listened
C. would be; listened
D. would have been; listened
14. Thank you for giving me a hand. I________ in the experiment without your valuable help.
A. had failed B. will fail C. would have failed D. must have failed
15. ________ strict with me when I was young, I could not be such a successful person now.
A. If you are not B. If you were not
C. Were you not D. If you had not been
答案：1.D 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. C
15. D
一、根据语气特点，用所给词的适当形式填空
Dear brother,
I’m now writing to you for your advice. How I wish you ________ (be) here with me!
Yesterday afternoon, I went to a bookstore with one of my friends. After we went out, he showed me the book he had stolen. Considering he was wrong, I suggested he ________________ (go) back to return it or pay for it. But he didn’t listen to me, otherwise I ____________________________ (not report) it to his mother.
Now I’m really regretful. I would rather I ________________ (not let) his mother know it. After all, he is my friend, without whose help, I ____________________________ (not make) so rapid progress in study.
But it is now obvious that he has begun to hate me. It seems as if we ________________ (not be) friends before. Can you advise what I ______________ (do) now?
________ (be) you in my position, what would you ________ (do)？I hope you ________ (can) give me some advice as soon as possible.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案：were; should go; wouldn’t have reported; hadn’t let; wouldn’t have made; hadn’t been; should do; Were; do; can
二、短文改错
The day before the speech contest(比赛) English teacher talked to me. She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success, but it didn’t matter that I would win or not. When I was on the stage the next day, I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf. There were such many people present！Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. She was smiling but nodding at me. I remembered her words and calm down. I did a good job and won the first prize. Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher.
The day before the speech contest(比赛) English teacher talked to me. She said that she and my all wished me success, but it didn’t matter I would win or not. When I was on the stage the next day, I felt so nervous I shook like a leaf. There were many people present！Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. She was smiling nodding at me. I remembered her words and down. I did a good job and won the first prize. Now my picture and the prize hanging in the library. Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项填空
1. Owing to his________ mind, he quickly found a way out.
A. steady B. flexible C. concrete D. lonely
2. In his first class, the Chinese teacher tried to________ to the students that reading is one of life’s greatest pleasures.
A. convey B. educate C. persuade D. convince
3. She liked this kind of dress________ and bought some material to make one at home.
A. in particular B. in the flesh C. on the other hand D. by coincidence
4. More than 200 members________ the club, and the number is increasing.
A. consist of B. make up C. are made up of D. are composed of
5. —What would you give me________ my recorder?
—An MP5.
A. in exchange for B. with regard to
C. by means of D. in place of
6. He didn’t break the vase deliberately. He broke it________.
A. by chance B. in exchange C. in advance D. on purpose
7. She enjoys________ new ways of doing things because she thinks she can get much enjoyment by doing that.
A. leaving out B. letting out C. trying out D. working out
8. A great man shows his greatness________ the way he treats a little man.
A. under B. with C. on D. by
9. You have no idea how she finished the relay race________ her foot wounded so much.
A. for B. when C. with D. while
10. In some places women are expected to earn money________ men work at home and raise their children.
A. but B. while C. because D. though
11. —How do you like the lecture last Friday?
—Terrible. Though________ to stop, the________ speaker kept on talking at the meeting.
A. being told; exciting B. telling; excited
C. to be told; exciting D. told; excited
12. ________ your advice, I would have failed in the experiment.
A. In spite of B. Although C. But for D. As for
13. Had Mary taken medicine just as the doctor said yesterday，she________ quite right now.
A. must have been B. would have been
C. were D. would be
14. It’s high time that we students________ even harder at our lessons as the examination is coming nearer.
A. work B. will work C. worked D. have to work
15. —I feel nervous when taking an exam.
—________ and you can do well.
A. Take it easy
B. Take your time
C. It’s up to you
D. Mind your own business
16. —What’s ________schedule for this weekend?
—________ greeting ceremony for Professor White will be held in the lecture hall.
A. the; The B. a; A C. the; A D. a; The
17. Words can’t________ how happy I am.
A. convey B. carry C. take D. remember
18. The technical cooperation and cultural________ between the two countries are daily on the increase.
A. expenses B. exchanges C. revenges D. extension
19. Some TV stations were advertising the company because it________ several TV programs.
A. had B. held C. sponsored D. bought
20. My money________. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I’ve none in hand.
A. has run out B. is running out
C. has been run out D. is being run out
答案：1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. B
二、完形填空
Aleksandor Pushkin (1799—1837)could have led a very comfortable life, just like any other child who was born into a rich, aristocratic (贵族的) family. But if he had __21__ an easy life, perhaps he would not be __22__ the greatest Russian poet.
The great man is celebrated at the Pushkin Festival, __23__ falls on the first Sunday of June.
Pushkin __24__ his first poem when he was only 14 years old.__25__he left a school for aristocratic youngsters in 1817, his talent was __26__recognized.The promising young man __27__a post at the foreign office in St.Petersbug.
The poet __28__have become a big name in Russian politics. But over time he began to__29__for change in society, and spoke for other writers that thought the same way. He wrote __30__ poems such as Ode to Liberty (《自由颂》). Pushkin also met members of a political group that later __31__ an uprising (起义). Several members were arrested and killed, and hundreds of people were sent to Siberia (西伯利亚).
Although Pushkin was __32__, he never denied his friendship with them.__33__when the Tsar (沙皇) asked him which side he was on, Pushkin said he supported the group.
His behavior made the government __34__and he was sent away. Pushkin __35__to write poems about the simple joys of __36__people.His masterpiece is the novel in verse Eygene Onegin (《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》). The poetry can only be __37__Mozart’s music.
Pushkin died young, at the age of 37, after being forced into a duel (决斗). __38__is said that his wife had many admirers and that she had a(n) __39__with an officer. He challenged the man to a duel which left both men injured. Pushkin died two days __40__.
21. A. created
B. led
C. enjoyed
D. built
22. A. known as
B. known for
C. known to
D. known by
23. A. it
B. he
C. that
D. which
24. A. printed
B. declared
C. published
D. sold
25. A. At a time
B. In time
C. By the time
D. At time
26. A. widely
B. nearly
C. partly
D. highly
27. A. accepted
B. found
C. applied
D. received
28. A. can
B. may
C. would
D. could
29. A. turn up
B. take up
C. stand up
D. pick up
30. A. literature
B. chemical
C. practical
D. political
31. A. recognized
B. organized
C. developed
D. discovered
32. A. in trouble
B. in danger
C. out of trouble
D. out of danger
33. A. So
B. Still
C. Even
D. Yet
34. A. angry
B. happy
C. terrible
D. nervous
35. A. forgot
B. tried
C. stopped
D. continued
36. A. poor
B. past
C. everyday
D. present
37. A. connected
B. compared to
C. contributed to
D. belonged to
38. A. It
B. What
C. He
D. This
39. A. matter
B. thing
C. idea
D. affair
40. A. later
B. ago
C. before
D. or so
答案：21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. A
三、阅读理解
A
A new generation addiction is quickly spreading all over the world. Weboholism, a twentieth century disease, affects people from different ages. They surf the net, use e-mail and speak in chat rooms. They spend many hours on the computer, and it becomes a compulsive habit. They cannot stop, and it affects their life.
Ten years ago, no one thought that using computers could become compulsive behavior that could affect the social and physical life of computer users. This obsessional behavior has affected teenagers and college students. They are likely to log on computers and spend long hours at different websites.
They become hooked on computers and gradually their social and school life is affected by this situation. They spend all free time surfing and don’t concentrate on homework, so this addiction influences their grades and success at school. Because they can find everything on the websites，they hang out there. Moreover, this addiction to websites influences their social life.
They spend more time in front of computers than with their friends. The relation with their friends changes. The virtual life becomes more important than their real life. They have a new language that they speak in the chat rooms and it causes cultural changes in society.
Because of the change in their behavior, they begin to isolate themselves from the society and live with their virtual friends. They share their emotions and feelings with friends who they have never met in their life. Although they feel confident on the computer, they are not confident with real live friends they have known all their life. It is a problem for the future. This addictive behavior is beginning to affect all the world.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The cause of weboholism.
B. The advantage of weboholism.
C. The popularity of weboholism.
D. The influence of weboholism.
2. The underlined word “obsessional” in the second paragraph most probably means “________”.
A. attractive B. addictive
C. professional D. potential
3. We can infer from the passage that________.
A. weboholism has the greatest effect on teenagers
B. students can hardly balance real and virtual life
C. people are addicted to games on the Internet
D. virtual life is more vivid and attractive anyway
4. Which of the following is NOT true of weboholism?
A. It contributes to the development of the web.
B. The chat room language may change social culture.
C. The problem will be getting more and more serious later.
D. People addicted to the web often become inactive in real life.
答案：1. D 42. B 43. B 44. A
B
What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange or red? If you do, you must be an optimist (乐观主义者), a leader, or an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer gray or blue? If you do, then you are probably quiet, shy and you would rather follow than lead. If you love green, you are strong-minded and determined. You wish to succeed and want other people to see you are successful. At least this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, and the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us that we don’t choose our favorite color as we grow up. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
A yellow room makes us feel more cheerful and more comfortable than a dark green one, and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing. Light and bright colors make people not only happier but also more active. It is a fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or dark gray.
Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day or your life with a new shirt or a few colorful things. Remember that you will know your friends and your enemies better when you find out what colors they like and dislike as well. And don’t forget that anyone can guess about your character when you choose a piece of handkerchief or a lampshade.
1. The author believes in the passage that________.
A. anyone can choose his color preference in his life
B. no one can choose his color preference in his life
C. anyone is born with his color preference
D. no one is born with his color preference
2. According to the passage, ________.
A. if you enjoy life, you must like yellow, orange and red
B. if you are quiet, you must prefer gray or blue
C. if you love green, you usually do what you have decided
D. if you love pink, you often go to flower shops
3. Psychologists study the meaning of color preference because________.
A. colors may affect the emotional states of the people
B. colors may decide the results of our work and study
C. color preference can tell you who your friends are
D. color preference can help you to see through your enemies
4. The main idea of this passage is that________.
A. color preference has something to do with one’s character
B. colors have effects on human psychological states
C. you will know your friends or your enemies by knowing the colors they like
D. all of the above
答案：1. C 2. C 3. A 4. D
C
The Poetry Foundation, recently named American poet Jack Prelutsky as the nation’s first children’s poet laureate (桂冠诗人). The group created the award as a way to increase children’s love of poetry.
As children’s poet laureate, Jack Prelutsky will give two public readings in the next two years. He will also advise the Poetry Foundation about children’s literature and take part in projects concerning children and poetry.
Jack Prelutsky has been writing poetry for children for almost forty years. He has written more than thirty-five books of poems. His first book was called A Gopher in the Garden. It was published in 1967.His latest is called Behold the Bold Umbrellaphant and Other Poems.
Jack Prelutsky is well known for creating new words by combining two words to create a new kind of creature. For example, he combined “radish” with “shark” to get “radishark”. “Lion” and “broccoli” became “broccolion”. He also created “umbrellaphant”, a mixture of the words “umbrella” and “elephant”.
Jack Prelutsky says that children like his poems because he writes about things they care about. Poetry researchers say that Jack Prelutsky’s poems recognize children’s feelings. An example of this is the poem My Sister Is a Werewolf which is about how it feels to be different.
Jack Prelutsky also writes poems about American holidays. His poem It’s Halloween is a very famous one about the holiday celebrated at the end of October.
1. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. Poems with New Words Grow Popular
B. First Children’s Poet Laureate Named
C. Children’s Love for Poetry Increased
D. Jack Prelutsky Awarded Nationwide
2. What is Jack Prelutsky famous for?
A. Creating new words in his poems.
B. His productivity.
C. His long time of writing.
D. His poems about American holidays.
3. Children are in favour of his poems because________.
A. they are easy to understand
B. the poet is famous
C. children like reading new words
D. the poet understands their feelings
4. What can we infer from the passage?
A. It was A Gopher in the Garden that brought him fame.
B. The poet will be kept busy over a lot of activities.
C. Jack Prelutsky will no longer write about American holidays.
D. The poem It’s Halloween must have been written for adults.
答案：1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B
D
For a 400-year-old art form, opera had a bad fame: overweight actresses singing the words which were hard to understand in one of those romantic languages you were supposed to learn in high school. And with tickets costing as much as $145 a performance, opera-goers also had a certain appearance in people’s mind: rich, well-dressed and old.
But now opera companies around the country are loosening their ties and kicking off their shoes in an attempt to keep opera alive and take it to a younger and not so wealthy audience.
Opera producers have found that to attract this crowd, they need to associate opera with the common people. That means no formal suits, old-styled theatre or bank-breaking ticket prices. And because young people don’t or won’t come to the opera, companies are bringing the opera to them, giving performances in such usual places as parks, libraries and public schools.
The Houston Grand Opera’s choice is the public library, where it performs “mobile operas”, shortened versions of child-friendly operas. This summer’s production is Hansel & Gretel. By performing smaller versions of large productions, producers are able to make people interested while keeping costs at a reasonable level. The San Francisco Opera, which will be celebrating its 75th anniversary this year, is staging Cinderella free of charge, keeping costs down by employing students from its Young Artists’ Training Program.
1. Which is the main idea of this passage?
A. Opera is famous for its long history.
B. Opera is only performed for rich people.
C. Opera companies are trying to keep opera alive.
D. Young people are not interested in opera.
2. The underlined phrase in the second paragraph means________.
A. breaking up the old rules
B. changing the dresses
C. making the audience at ease
D. advertising themselves
3. The San Francisco Opera employs students in order to________.
A. celebrate its 75th anniversary
B. reduce the cost
C. attract young people
D. make Cinderella popular
4. From the passage we can infer that________.
A. the tickets for opera are very expensive
B. opera is performed in a difficult language
C. opera is not so popular an art form today
D. students enjoy performing opera very much
答案：1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C
四、书面表达
假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Bob来信说，他不明白为什么许多中国父母喜欢用古诗启蒙孩子，请你写一封回信解释其中的原因。内容要点如下：
1. 中国是一个历史悠久的国家，文化形式多样，尤其以古诗歌闻名于世。
2. 诗歌有一定的韵律，语言简洁，具有易学、易记的特点。
3. 诗歌富含感彩，且富有想象力，深受孩子们的喜爱。
注意：词数100～120。开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Bob,
I was glad to hear from you.
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Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案：
Dear Bob,
I was glad to hear from you. In your letter, you asked me why Chinese parents like educating their children using ancient poems.
In fact, ancient poems are not only popular with children but also adults.
China, in its long history, has developed a variety of cultural forms, of which ancient poetry is the most famous.
As you know, the poem is a form of rhythmic language, and poems often describe complex things in simple ways, using just a few words. These two characteristics especially appeal to children, who can learn and recite poetry without too much difficulty. Once a poem is memorized, it’s hard to forget. What’s more, poems are both emotional and imaginative, which again makes them appeal to children. For all these reasons, parents love to use poems to teach their children.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
