Unit3 A healthy life-词汇篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握重点词汇的搭配及用法，能够正确完成基础类型题。
掌握重点句型的用法，会模仿句型进行写作。
单词讲解：
abuse?? n.滥用，妄用；虐待，辱骂 vt. 滥用，妄用，虐待
e.g. He abused his power while in office.他在职时滥用权力。
Those captives were physically abused.那些俘虏遭受了肉体上的摧残
drug abuse 滥用毒品
child abuse 虐待儿童
abuse one’s position / power滥用职权/权利
abuse a privilege滥用特权
stress?
1）n.压力; 重音,重读
be under (the) stress (of) 在压力下
suffer from stress遭受压力
the stresses and strains of modern life现代生活的压力和紧张
强调, 重要性
e.g. Some school lay / put /place stress on foreign language education.
2）vt. 加压力于; 重读; 强调
e.g. He stressed the importance of the task.
ban???
1）n.禁令,禁止??? a?ban on sth
2）vt.禁止, 取缔
ban sb. from (doing) sth. 颁布禁令
impose a ban解除禁令
lift a ban
e.g. Our government has put/ imposed a ban on plastic bags.
due to??归因于, 归功于
e.g. The accident is due to your careless driving.?那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。
be due to do sth 定于某时做某事
e.g. He is due to speak at the meeting tomorrow.
可以被caused by 所代替
The train is due in five minutes.(预定的，预期的）
My rent isn’t due till Wednesday.（到期的，立即支付的）
In due course 在适当的时候
after due consideration经适当考虑之后
because of “由于”, 较口语化，只作状语
owing to 较正式，须用逗号与主句隔开
thanks to “多亏了” ，多用于正面的意义
as a result of “因为”
as a result 副短, “因此”
therefore 副词, “因此”
so并列连词, “因此”
because of ,due to , owing to , on account of和 thanks to 的用法比较
这一词都表示“由于”的意思，在使用时应该注意以下区别：
1. because of意为“由于，因为”，强调因果关系，在句中仅作状语，修饰句中的一部分，与其他成分不用逗号隔开。
如：We must not get discouraged because of such a minor setback. ?
我们决不可因为这样一个小小的挫折而灰心丧气。
2. owing to与because of一样，也强调因果关系，除作状语外，也可作表语。作状语时修饰整个句子，可在句首或句末，用逗号隔开。如：
They decided to cancel the flight，owing to?the storm.
由于这场暴风雨，他们决定取消这个航班。
His death was owing to an accident. 他死于一场事故。
3. due to引出造成后果的原因，在句中作表语、状语和定语。作表语和状语时与owing to同义，作状语时，一般不与其他成分隔开。不用于句首。如：
This accident was due to（owing to）his careless driving.
这次车祸是由于他开车疏忽大意造成的。
He arrived late due to（owing to）the storm. 由于暴风雨他来晚了。
Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious consequences.
由于疏忽大意造成的错误可能带来严重的后果。
4. on account of与because of，owing to同义，但语气较为正式。可作状语、表语，不作定语。如：
He could not come on account of his illness. 他因病不能前来。
That was on account of lack of exercise. 那是由于缺乏锻炼。
5. thanks to表示“幸亏，多亏”多用于表达正面意思，相当于感谢，在句中作状语和表语。
如：Thanks to your advice，much trouble was saved. (多亏你的建议，减少了许多麻烦。
tough
1）The wire is tougher than that. (坚韧的，不易磨损的）
2）You need to? be tough enough to?survive in the jungle.（坚忍不拔的，吃苦耐劳的）
3） a tough criminal（粗暴的，凶暴的）
4）tough measures to deal with terrorism（强硬的，严厉的）
5）a tough assignment / problem / choice（棘手的，困难的）
6） a tough steak（硬的，老的）
fit
1) V.
1. The dress doesn’t fit me.
2. We can’t fit any more chairs into the room.（容纳）
3. be fitted with handles（安装）
4. His ideas did not quite fit in with our aims. 他的想法和我们的目标不完全一致。
(与…相一致，相协调）
2) Adj.
keep fit
be fit for / to do
The book is fit (suitable) for children.
The fresh air is fit to breath.
反义词：
unfit??be unfit for / to do
区分fit , suit, match
These shoes don’t fit me. Have you got?a larger size? 这鞋我穿不合适。你们有大点的吗？
That haircut suits you. 那种发型很适合你。
The carpets should match the curtains. 地毯应该和窗帘相配。
You can’t match him in his knowledge of wild plants. 在野生植物知识方面，你无法与他相比。
addicted adj. “对某某上瘾”, “沉湎于某某”
e.g. My children have become ???? hopelessly addicted to television. 我的几个孩子都成了电视迷，简直不可救药了。
构词法：
addict? n. 吸毒成瘾的人
addiction? n.? 沉湎、成瘾
addictive adj.? 使人上瘾的
addict常用于下列结构：
addict oneself to sth. 沉溺于某物
be addicted to sth. 专心做某事;上了…..的瘾
be addicted to doing sth.
Eg. The parents felt helpless when they found their son had ____ love stories for long.
A. addicted???? B. addicted to C. addicted himself D. been addicted to
accustom v.使人习惯于、养成习惯
e.g. She found it necessary to accustom her child to getting up early.?
她觉得有必要让孩子养成早起的好习惯。
常用句式：
1) accustom+名词/oneself + to+名
eg. Children are quick to accustom themselves to new surroundings.孩子们很快就会适应新环境。
2) be accustomed to +名词
e.g. I am accustomed to walking long distances.???我习惯与长距离步行。
3) get/become/be accustomed to +名词
e.g. You will soon get accustomed to the job.??你将会习惯于这个工作。
同义词组：be / get / become used to
注意：
在英语中，to有时为动词不定式符号， 后跟动词原形；
有时用作介词，后跟名词、代词、或动名词。
下面的这些短语中的to 均为介词。
stick to???坚持????? lead to? 导致, 通向 pay a visit to 参观?
sentence sb. to 宣判某人 come to? 谈到, 涉及??? see to? 处理，负责?????
be up to 总计???????? devote…to 致力于??????????? ?get down to 开始 /着手
be opposed to / object to 反对 be devoted to? 致力于，献身于
be attached to adjust (adapt)… to be exposed to??????
look forward to pay attention to???? attend to
contribute to? ??????? turn to admit to
when it comes to
withdraw-withdrawal
The general refused to withdraw his troops.（收回，撤回）
She withdrew all her savings and left the country.（取钱，提款）
withdrawal symptoms 戒毒过程中出现的症状
quit 动词，过去式和过去分词均为quit，现在分词为quitting，接动词-ing形式, “停止做”
e.g. She quit smoking when she got pregnant.???? 她一怀孕就戒了烟。
归类记忆：下列动词只能用-ing 形式作宾语
admit, advise, allow, appreciate, avoid, consider, deny , forbid(禁止), fancy(想象), finish, keep, mention, mind, miss, pardon, permit, prevent, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, imagine, postpone(推迟), practice, quit, resist(抵制), risk , suggest, tolerate, understand
strengthen
Practicing Kongfu strengthens our bodies.
We must strengthen our socialist construction.
We should strengthen the legal system.
He lifted the stone with all his strength.
The ability to keep calm is one of his many strengths.
Bill was doing a lot of physical exercises to build up his strength.
To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths and
weaknesses.
decide –decision
decide+名词/代词
The question will be decided by themselves.问题将由他们自己决定。
decide to do
Last week, a group of Class 3 students decided to go to the museum.
decide+从句
Let's first decide where we should go.
(=Let's first decide where to go.)
It is not decided whether we will go there.
It is decided that...：
It is decided that we should start tomorrow. （注：这种从句要用虚拟语气。）
跟介词短语(跟on或upon，表示“就某事做出决定”)：
Don't decide on important matters too quickly.重要的事情不要匆忙做出决定。
make a decision
determine to do / be determined to do
make up one’s mind (s) to do
feel like 想要, 只表示一次的想法, 后接动词-ing形式
e.g. It’s so hot today. I feel like going swimming. 今天好热啊, 我想去游泳。
摸起来像……, 像是……
e.g. The material feels like silk
It feels like rain.
would like to do
e.g. I’d like to have dinner with you.
remind
remind sb of sth
remind sb to to
remind sb that…
e.g. The story reminded me of an experience I once lived.
You must remind him to take his medicine ,in case he forgets.
Please remind me that I must return the book before noon.
ashamed?? adj.??feel sorry or embarrassed
e.g. She is ashamed to ask such a simple question.
相关短语：be ashamed of sb./ sth
????????????????? be ashamed that…
???????????? ?????be ashamed to do…
???????????????????What a shame!
It’s a shame (pity) that…… ….真是遗憾
in spite of?? 尽管, 虽然，不顾。后接名词（despite)
eg. She can’t see very well in spite of her glasses.?(despite)
尽管戴着眼镜她还是不能看得很清楚。
Despite (In spite of) the fact that we tried our best, we didn’t win.
regardless of 不管，不顾，不理会
He says what he thinks and does what he wants to do, regardless of other people’s feelings.
The law says everyone is equal, regardless of age, sex, or religion.
Though / Although / Even if
Even though it’s hard work, I enjoy it.
Young as / though I am, I already know what career I want to follow.
get into陷于, 染上什么习惯
???? get into the habit of 养成什么习惯。
相当于fall into the habit of或者form the habit of
e.g. The girl has got into the habit of playing with her hair while reading.?
那个女孩养成了阅读时玩弄头发的习惯。
at risk=in danger
take risks/ a risk
at the risk of??? 冒……的危险/风险
at your own risk? 自担风险
run the risk of 冒险(做某事)
risk doing
survival-survive-survivor
Of the four people in the car accident, only one survived.
Many customs have survived from earlier times.许多风俗习惯源源流长
The old lady has survived her husband.那老妇人的丈夫先她而去世了
He felt lucky to have survived the war.经历那场战争后能幸存下来他感到很幸运
possible, probable, likely 的用法
It’s possible (for sb) to do
It’s possible that…
It’s probable that…
sth is probable
It’s likely that….
主语+be likely to do
prejudice
pride and prejudice 傲慢与偏见
She has a prejudice against modern music.? 她对现代音乐怀有偏见。
They accused him of having a prejudice against his women employees.?他们指责他歧视女雇员。
A new law has been brought in to discourage racial prejudice.?一项反对种族歧视的新法律已被提出。
重点词组：
1. due to 由于；归功于?
2. be/become addicted to 对……有瘾?
3. decide on (doing)sth对……做出决定?
4. be/become/grow accustomed to sth./doing sth.? 习惯于某事/做某事?
5. feel like (doing)?? 想要（做）?
6. in spite of 不管；不顾?
7. stand for 支持；代表?
8. get (sb.) into (sth.) 陷入；染上坏习惯；进入
get into the way/habit of doing sth. 学成做某事的方法/养成做某事的习惯?
9. be ashamed of/that.… 为……感到惭愧/羞愧
be ashamed to do sth. 羞于做某事?
10.take off?? 开除/脱衣/起飞/取消/休假?
11.quit (doing) sth. 停止做某事?
12.be at risk 处在危险之中
take risks(a risk)? 冒险?
13.manage to do sth. 设法做好/设法办到某事?
14.so far 到目前为止（与现在完成时连用）?
15.make sure 确定；查明；弄明白?
16.prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事?
17.every time 每次；每当……时
18.remind sb of sth 让某人想起某事
19. leave out 遗漏
20.benefit from 从…得益
重点词组讲解：
take risks/a risk冒险
教材原句P20：He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.
他觉得每一步都得作出决定而不是冒险。
at risk有风险
at the risk of...冒着……风险
take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事
take risks (a risk) to do冒险做……
risk doing sth.冒险做某事
risk one’s life to do sth.冒着生命危险做某事
①Whatever you do, don’t take unnecessary risks.
无论你做什么，都不要冒不必要的风险。
②If you go online tomorrow, your computer might run the risk of being attacked by a virus.
你如果明天上网，你的电脑可能面临病毒攻击的危险。
③He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk losing the good opportunity.他为面试作了充分的准备，因为他不想冒失去这一次好机会的危险。
get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)
教材原句P20：Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!当然，对付毒品的最好的方法是首先就别养成(吸毒的)习惯。
get across(使)通过；(使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚
get along进展；相处
get away逃脱；离开
get away with...做了坏事而不受处罚
get down to认真工作
get over爬过；越过；克服困难；痊愈
get through穿越(马路)；通过；接通电话；经历
①(陕西高考)Many homeless people get into the habit of begging to get enough money to stay alive.
许多无家可归的人开始养成乞讨谋生的习惯。
②(重庆高考)Hi, Bob, how are you getting along with your spoken report?
嗨，鲍勃，你的口头报告准备得怎样了？
③(2010·湖北卷单项填空)A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，在陌生人中找到朋友。
重点句型讲解：
1. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望这样，因为我想让你过上和我一样长寿而健康的生活。
名师指津：此句式为as＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋as...结构。
例句仿写：这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过着俭朴的生活。
The man hopes to live as simple a life as his grandpa.
2. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
每次你想吸烟的时候，要提醒自己你是一个不吸烟的人。
名师指津：every time引导时间状语从句。
例句仿写：我每次见他，他总是随身带着他的笔记本电脑。
Every time I meet him, he always carries his notebook computer.
3. As you know，if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.
你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。
名师指津：as引导定语从句，意为“正如，正像”。
例句仿写：正如多次强调的那样，学好英语对你们今后的职业发展非常重要。
As has been stressed many times, learning English well is of great importance to your career development in future.
4. It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.
只有当一个人发展成艾滋病时，他才开始看上去有病。
名师指津：本句为强调句型。
例句仿写：我还记得三年前是在北京初次遇到你。
I still remember it was in Beijing that I first met you three years ago.
5. It is no good crying over spilt milk.
覆水难收。
名师指津：It is no good/use doing sth. 做某事无用。
例句仿写：劝说他没用，他不会改变主意。
It is no good/use persuading him. He won’t change his mind.
1. (2014·福建质量检测)—When is the next train arriving?
—It’s ________at 7:30.
A. due B. normal
C. straight D. convenient
2. (2014·宁夏银川一中第四次考试)Often organized outdoors or at big venues ________their popularity, music festivals provide one day or even several days of non-stop entertainment.
A. due to B. in spite of
C. in honor of D. apart from
3. (2014·长沙市重点中学高三联考)Accustomed to ________in the beautiful country. Bead found it difficult to live in the crowded city.
A. living B. live
C. having lived D. have lived
4. (2014·安徽芜湖市模拟)To our great surprise, the city girl became ________to country life very quickly.
A. accessible B. devoted
C. accustomed D. involved
5. (2014·太原模拟)The new survey shows that the number of students ________computer games has been on the increase in recent years.
A. devoted to B. related to
C. connected to D. addicted to
基础演练
一、语境填词
1. Because final exams are coming, most students are under a lot of ________ (压力).
2. She was __________ (绝望的) after the failure of her plan.
3. They promised to __________ (加强) the cooperation between the two nations in more fields.
4. My uncle has ________ (停止) smoking.
5. Are you very ______________ (失望的) at losing the game?
6. She was ________ (感到惭愧的) of having failed in the examination.
7. What you said has a great ________ (影响) on his thinking.
8. Her trouble was found to be ________ (精神的), not physical.
9. There is a ________ (禁令, 禁止) on smoking in theaters.
10. Breathing is an ________ (无意识的) fun_ction of the body.
11. He looked ________ (局促不安的) in this strange place.
12. When I began to sing, they laughed and made me ______________ (尴尬的).
13. His ________ (幸存) made us surprised and happy.
14. He has a ________ (偏见) against modern music.
15. He showed excellent __________ (判断力) in choosing a friend.
16. It is ________ (违法的) to steal things.
17. The bad weather resulted in the plan’s __________ (中途失败).
18. He has to take ________ (药片) to control his blood pressure.
巩固提高
一、单项填空
1. Your mother tells me that you started smoking________ ago and now you are finding it difficult to________.
A. sometime; give up it
B. some times; give away it
C. some time; give it up
D. sometimes; give it away
2. First, you can become physically________ to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes.
A. addict B. addicted C. addictive D. addiction
3. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed________ nicotine in it.
A. to having B. to have C. have D. having
4. However, ________ I________ know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.
A. that; did B. what; did C. what; do D. that; do
5. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time________.
A. quit smoking B. to quit to smoke C. quit to smoke D. to quit smoking
6. It is not easy to stop smoking, but millions have managed to quit and________.
A. so can you B. neither can you C. so you can D. neither you can
7. Every time you feel like________ a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
A. to smoke B. smoked C. smoking D. smoke
8. If you start to feel nervous or stressed, do not reach for a cigarette. Try some deep breathing________.
A. instead of B. instead C. however D. anyway
9. Do some relaxation exercises________ you feel stressed.
A. until B. every time C. every time when D. even if
10. Do not be________ if you have to try several times________ you finally stop smoking.
A. disappointing; before
B. disappointed; when
C. disappointing; when
D. disappointed; before
二、佳句翻译与仿写
1. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)感到惊奇吧，他的儿子都到了参军的年龄。
____________________________ his son is ____________________ the army.
(2)你还没大到可以独自旅行的年龄。
You’re not ________________________ alone.
2. Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)我发现与她相处很难。
I on with her.
(2)她觉得早上早起是必要的。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)我没有见过她，也没有收到过她的信。
I haven’t seen her and ____________________ heard from her.
(2)我不知道他的名字，也不想知道。
I don’t know his name and ________________________.
4. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)我希望我能买得起和他的一样大而且漂亮的房子。
I hope I can afford ________________________________ he has.
(2)玛丽和她姐姐是一样聪明的女孩。
Mary is ________________________ her sister.
5. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)每当你想吃东西的时候，提醒自己不要吃的太多。
________________________________, remind yourself not to eat too much.
(2)我每次看见他，都觉得他变得更瘦了。
________________________, I found he became thinner.
一、单项填空
1. Mr. Black is under________ because his wife is ill.
A. stress B. trouble C. danger D. difficulty
2. He was late________ the very heavy traffic.
A. rather than B. due to C. as a result D. because
3. —They are quiet，aren’t they?
—Yes. They are accustomed________ at meals.
A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking
4. I have been told that smoking has a bad________ my health.
A. affect on B. effect in C. effect on D. affect in
5. I feel like________ to the cinema tonight and I would like you________ me company.
A. to go; keeping B. going; keeping
C. to go; to keep D. going; to keep
6. —How do you find Qingdao, Mary?
—It’s a beautiful seaside city. I have________ it for my next holiday.
A. decided on B. tried on C. taken on D. carried on
7. ________ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior schools is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
8. No one can attain great achievements________ he concentrates on what he is doing, even though a talent.
A. because B. while C. unless D. if
9. He didn’t make________ clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A. this B. that C. these D. it
10. I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time________ Brian gets back.
A. before B. since C. till D. after
二、选词填空
due to, addicted to, accustomed to, decide on, feel like, do damage to, reach for, by the way
1. Some students were so ________________ the play that they spent too much time in front of TV.
2. The thirsty patient ________________ the cup but couldn’t get it.
3. The car accident was __________________ careless driving.
4. It is still raining and it is difficult to ________________ a date to go on our project.
5. Do you ________________ sharing your experience with the rest of your group?
6. ________________, are you going to the café?
7. I’m a northerner, so I am not ________________ the kind of food that southerners often eat.
8. Man has ________ great ________________ the environment over the years.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项填空
1. I felt________ when I dropped the Tang Dynasty vase.
A. embarrassed and awkward
B. happy and worried
C. glad and angry
D. pleased and sad
2. ________ the high price, demand for these cars is very high.
A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. Due to
3. After climbing up to the top of the mountain, I was________.
A. out of breath B. out of control C. out of danger D. out of date
4. It is necessary for you to call 110 when you________ the trouble of being attacked by others.
A. shake with B. get into C. throw out D. take it easy
5. He is at________ now and________ is our duty to help him at once.
A. risk; it B. danger; this C. danger; it D. risk; that
6. Though many of the heavy smokers have realized the serious effect that smoking has________ their health, they continue to smoke instead of________.
A. for; giving it up B. on; leaving
C. to; abandoning D. on; quitting
7. —What did she want to know, Tom?
—She wondered________ we could complete the experiment.
A. when was it B. it was when that
C. it was when D. when it was that
8. The fire made________ difficult to rescue the people trapped under the ruins in the earthquake.
A. / B. this C. that D. it
9. Tell him I need to see him________ he arrives.
A. immediate B. the minute C. at the moment D. for the instant
10. —I thought it would be a good idea to go shopping this afternoon.
—________ I have always wanted to do that.
A. That’s a great idea! B. I don’t think so.
C. Sorry. D. Why?
二、词义辨析
1. 用decide, decide on的适当形式填空
(1) You must ________________ the day when you will pay off the debt.
(2) I’ve ________________ going to America for my holiday.
(3) The boy ________ not to become a sailor.
(4) Let’s first ________ where we should go.
2. 用ashamed, shameful填空
(1) He was ________ that he couldn’t give an answer.
(2) It is ________ to cheat in the exam.
(3) To our surprise, the cheat wasn’t ________ of his ________ conduct at all.
三、完形填空
How did you do it, Dad? How have you managed not to take a drinking for almost 20 years? It took me so long to have the __1__ to ask my father this personal question. When Dad first __2__ drinking, the whole family was on pins and needles (坐立不安) and wondered whether he would get into a __3__ under which he would start __4__ again. For a few years we were __5__ to bring it up.
“It is a little poem that I have recited to myself at least four to five times a day, ” said Dad, __6__ to my 18-year-old unasked question.“The words are a constant __7__ to me that things are __8__ so hard that I could not deal with them.” Dad continued. Then he __9__ the poem with me. The poem was __10__ but profound (深刻的), which immediately became __11__ of my daily routine as well.
About a month after this __12__ with my father, I received a gift in the mail from a friend of mine. It was a book of daily sayings of wisdom with one __13__ for each day of the year.
Don’t you think it is an unforgettable __14__ that when you get something with days of the year on it, and you naturally turn to the page that lists your own __15__?
I __16__ opened the book to November 10 to see __17__words of wisdom this book had in store for me. I was __18__ when I looked at the page, and then tears of appreciation __19__ down my face. There, on my birthday, was the exact same poem that had __20__ my father for all these years! It is called the Serenity (平静) Prayer.
God, offer me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change；the courage to change the things I can; and the wisdom to know the difference.
1. A. chance
B. courage
C. ability
D. right
2. A. gave up
B. took up
C. went on
D. carried on
3. A. way
B. habit
C. situation
D. house
4. A. reciting
B. asking
C. smoking
D. drinking
5. A. sure
B. uncertain
C. afraid
D. eager
6. A. reply
B. words
C. excuse
D. reason
7. A. warning
B. suggestion
C. saying
D. reminder
8. A. never
B. seldom
C. always
D. ever
9. A. discussed
B. shared
C. offered
D. talked
10. A. wonderful
B. long
C. simple
D. boring
11. A. all
B. that
C. any
D. part
12. A. talk
B. quarrel
C. trip
D. lesson
13. A. listed
B. included
C. read
D. said
14. A. method
B. experience
C. wealth
D. message
15. A. character
B. birthday
C. qualities
B. favorites
16. A. doubtfully
B. carefully
C. happily
D. hurriedly
17. A. where
B. whether
C. what
D. how
18. A. excited
B. astonished
C. disappointed
D. frightened
19. A. hung
B. pulled
C. rolled
D. pushed
20. A. troubled
B. disturbed
C. pleased
D. helped
四、阅读理解
Healthy Habits, Healthy Body
Feeling tired lately? Has a doctor said he can’t find anything wrong with you? Perhaps he sent you to a hospital, but all the advanced equipment there shows that there is nothing wrong with you.
Then, consider this：you might be in a state of subhealth (亚健康).
Subhealth, also called the third state or gray state, is explained as a borderline state between health and disease.
According to the investigation (调查研究) by the National Health Organization, over 45 percent of subhealthy people are middle-aged or elderly. The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam time.
Symptoms (征兆) include a lack of energy, depression (压抑), slow reactions, insomnia (失眠), agitation (焦虑), and poor memory. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, sweating and aching in the waist and legs.
The key to preventing and recovering from subhealth, according to some medical experts, is to form good living habits, alternate work and rest, exercise regularly, and take part in open-air activities.
As for meals, people are advised to eat less salt and sugar. They should eat more fresh vegetables, fruit and fish because they are rich in nutritional (营养的) elements—vitamins and trace elements (微量元素)—that are important to the body.
Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract (消化道). They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding subhealth.
1. According to this passage, which of the following is right?
A. When you are in a state of subhealth, you should stay home and keep silent.
B. When you are in a state of subhealth, you should go to see a doctor and buy some medicine.
C. When you are in a state of subhealth, you should have yourself examined in foreign countries.
D. When you are in a state of subhealth, you should find out the reasons and relax yourself.
2. Middle-aged people may be easy to feel subhealthy because________.
A. they have used to their energy
B. they have lost their living hopes
C. they have more pressure in life and work
D. they begin to get older
3. As for food, experts suggested that________.
A. we should never eat meat
B. we should have meals with less salt and sugar
C. we should eat less than usual
D. we should have meals without salt or sugar
4. The underlined word “alternate” in the sixth paragraph is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. arrange by turns B. cause to take place
C. keep up D. take up
Sleep Struggle
One in every five young people has a sleep problem, so you’re not alone. Getting enough sleep has become as important as eating vegetables and exercising regularly. It’s very important for your body.
Most young people only get seven hours of sleep each night, when they actually need nine hours. And making up for lost sleep during the week by sleeping on weekends doesn’t really work. In fact, sleeping late on weekends may actually do you more harm than good, if you have sleep problems.
What happens if you don’t get enough sleep? If your sleep problem continues for a few nights, you could suffer serious problems. Lack of sleep can affect learning and memory. Worse, if your sleep difficulties last a long time, that could lead to anxiety or depression (抑郁). Therefore, you’ve got to have some healthy sleep habits. Below are some suggestions：
?GO TO BED AT THE SAME TIME—including weekends, if possible.
?WAKE UP AROUND THE SAME TIME EVERY MORNING. When you sleep late just one morning during the week, it may disturb your body clock. This will make it hard for you to sleep that night.
?DO SOMETHING RELAXING before going to bed.
?EXERCISE DURING THE DAY. Don’t exercise right before going to bed.
?AVOID DRINKING ALCOHOL. Alcohol makes you excited. This prevents you from falling asleep or wakes you up during the night.
?DON’T SMOKE. Smoking is always bad for the body. Smoking before bedtime keeps you awake.
If trying these tips over a couple of weeks does not help you, speak to your doctor. Do not take any sleeping pills without first asking your doctor. Many of them have strong side effects.
1. The passage suggests that people with sleep problems should________.
A. eat vegetables and exercise regularly
B. make up for lost sleep on weekends
C. follow a fixed timetable for sleep
D. sleep seven hours every day
2. We can learn from the suggestions that________.
A. getting up earlier one morning makes it easier to fall asleep that night
B. listening to soft music before going to bed may help you fall asleep
C. smokers and those who drink alcohol usually have sleep problems
D. exercising in the evening will help you get to sleep
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Sleep problems are serious among young people.
B. Sleeping late on weekends can make up for lost sleep.
C. Your eating habits will be broken due to lack of sleep.
D. You’ll no longer have your sleep problem if you try the tips.
4. What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. Many young people have sleep problems.
B. Don’t smoke before sleeping.
C. How to keep healthy sleep habits.
D. Smoking can make you awake.
LEEDS, England—A Leeds University psychology (心理学) professor is teaching a course to help dozens of Britons forgive their enemies.
“The hate we hold within us is a cancer,” Professor Ken Hart said, adding that holding in anger can lead to problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
More than 70 people have become members in Hart’s first 20-week workshop in London—a course he says is the first of its kind in the world.
“These are people who are sick and tired of living with a memory. They realize their bitterness is a poison they think they can pour out, but they end up drinking it themselves,” said Canadian-born Hart.
The students meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with an adviser every fortnight.
The course, ending in July, is expected to get rid of the cancer of hate in these people.“People have lots of negative attitudes towards forgiveness,” he said, “People confuse (混同) forgiveness with forgetting. Forgiveness means changing from a negative attitude to positive one.” Hart and his team have created instructions to provide the training needed.
“The main idea is to give you guidelines on how to look at various kinds of angers and how they affect you, and how to change your attitudes towards the person you are angry with, ” said Norman Claringbull, a senior expert on the forgiveness project.
Hart said he believes forgiveness is a skill that can be taught, as these people “want to get free of the past”.
1. From this passage we know that________.
A. high blood pressure and heart disease are caused by hate
B. high blood pressure can only be cured by psychology professors
C. without hate, people will have less trouble connected with blood and heart
D. people who suffer from blood pressure and heart disease must have many enemies
2. If you are angry with somebody, you should________.
A. try your best to defeat him or her
B. never meet him or her again
C. persuade him or her to have a talk with you
D. relax yourself by not thinking of him or her any more
3. If you were a member in Hart’s workshop, you would________.
A. pay much money to Hart
B. go to the workshop every night
C. attend a gathering twice a month
D. pour out everything stored in your mind
4. The author wrote this passage in order to________.
A. persuade us to go to Hart’s workshop
B. tell us the news about Hart’s workshop
C. tell us how to run a workshop like Hart’s
D. help us to look at various kinds of angers
Unit3 A healthy life-词汇篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握重点词汇的搭配及用法，能够正确完成基础类型题。
掌握重点句型的用法，会模仿句型进行写作。
单词讲解：
abuse?? n.滥用，妄用；虐待，辱骂 vt. 滥用，妄用，虐待
e.g. He abused his power while in office.他在职时滥用权力。
Those captives were physically abused.那些俘虏遭受了肉体上的摧残
drug abuse 滥用毒品
child abuse 虐待儿童
abuse one’s position / power滥用职权/权利
abuse a privilege滥用特权
stress?
1）n.压力; 重音,重读
be under (the) stress (of) 在压力下
suffer from stress遭受压力
the stresses and strains of modern life现代生活的压力和紧张
强调, 重要性
e.g. Some school lay / put /place stress on foreign language education.
2）vt. 加压力于; 重读; 强调
e.g. He stressed the importance of the task.
ban???
1）n.禁令,禁止??? a?ban on sth
2）vt.禁止, 取缔
ban sb. from (doing) sth. 颁布禁令
impose a ban解除禁令
lift a ban
e.g. Our government has put/ imposed a ban on plastic bags.
due to??归因于, 归功于
e.g. The accident is due to your careless driving.?那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。
be due to do sth 定于某时做某事
e.g. He is due to speak at the meeting tomorrow.
可以被caused by 所代替
The train is due in five minutes.(预定的，预期的）
My rent isn’t due till Wednesday.（到期的，立即支付的）
In due course 在适当的时候
after due consideration经适当考虑之后
because of “由于”, 较口语化，只作状语
owing to 较正式，须用逗号与主句隔开
thanks to “多亏了” ，多用于正面的意义
as a result of “因为”
as a result 副短, “因此”
therefore 副词, “因此”
so并列连词, “因此”
because of ,due to , owing to , on account of和 thanks to 的用法比较
这一词都表示“由于”的意思，在使用时应该注意以下区别：
1. because of意为“由于，因为”，强调因果关系，在句中仅作状语，修饰句中的一部分，与其他成分不用逗号隔开。
如：We must not get discouraged because of such a minor setback. ?
我们决不可因为这样一个小小的挫折而灰心丧气。
2. owing to与because of一样，也强调因果关系，除作状语外，也可作表语。作状语时修饰整个句子，可在句首或句末，用逗号隔开。如：
They decided to cancel the flight，owing to?the storm.
由于这场暴风雨，他们决定取消这个航班。
His death was owing to an accident. 他死于一场事故。
3. due to引出造成后果的原因，在句中作表语、状语和定语。作表语和状语时与owing to同义，作状语时，一般不与其他成分隔开。不用于句首。如：
This accident was due to（owing to）his careless driving.
这次车祸是由于他开车疏忽大意造成的。
He arrived late due to（owing to）the storm. 由于暴风雨他来晚了。
Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious consequences.
由于疏忽大意造成的错误可能带来严重的后果。
4. on account of与because of，owing to同义，但语气较为正式。可作状语、表语，不作定语。如：
He could not come on account of his illness. 他因病不能前来。
That was on account of lack of exercise. 那是由于缺乏锻炼。
5. thanks to表示“幸亏，多亏”多用于表达正面意思，相当于感谢，在句中作状语和表语。
如：Thanks to your advice，much trouble was saved. (多亏你的建议，减少了许多麻烦。
tough
1）The wire is tougher than that. (坚韧的，不易磨损的）
2）You need to? be tough enough to?survive in the jungle.（坚忍不拔的，吃苦耐劳的）
3） a tough criminal（粗暴的，凶暴的）
4）tough measures to deal with terrorism（强硬的，严厉的）
5）a tough assignment / problem / choice（棘手的，困难的）
6） a tough steak（硬的，老的）
fit
1) V.
1. The dress doesn’t fit me.
2. We can’t fit any more chairs into the room.（容纳）
3. be fitted with handles（安装）
4. His ideas did not quite fit in with our aims. 他的想法和我们的目标不完全一致。
(与…相一致，相协调）
2) Adj.
keep fit
be fit for / to do
The book is fit (suitable) for children.
The fresh air is fit to breath.
反义词：
unfit??be unfit for / to do
区分fit , suit, match
These shoes don’t fit me. Have you got?a larger size? 这鞋我穿不合适。你们有大点的吗？
That haircut suits you. 那种发型很适合你。
The carpets should match the curtains. 地毯应该和窗帘相配。
You can’t match him in his knowledge of wild plants. 在野生植物知识方面，你无法与他相比。
addicted adj. “对某某上瘾”, “沉湎于某某”
e.g. My children have become ???? hopelessly addicted to television. 我的几个孩子都成了电视迷，简直不可救药了。
构词法：
addict? n. 吸毒成瘾的人
addiction? n.? 沉湎、成瘾
addictive adj.? 使人上瘾的
addict常用于下列结构：
addict oneself to sth. 沉溺于某物
be addicted to sth. 专心做某事;上了…..的瘾
be addicted to doing sth.
Eg. The parents felt helpless when they found their son had ____ love stories for long.
A. addicted???? B. addicted to C. addicted himself D. been addicted to
accustom v.使人习惯于、养成习惯
e.g. She found it necessary to accustom her child to getting up early.?
她觉得有必要让孩子养成早起的好习惯。
常用句式：
1) accustom+名词/oneself + to+名
eg. Children are quick to accustom themselves to new surroundings.孩子们很快就会适应新环境。
2) be accustomed to +名词
e.g. I am accustomed to walking long distances.???我习惯与长距离步行。
3) get/become/be accustomed to +名词
e.g. You will soon get accustomed to the job.??你将会习惯于这个工作。
同义词组：be / get / become used to
注意：
在英语中，to有时为动词不定式符号， 后跟动词原形；
有时用作介词，后跟名词、代词、或动名词。
下面的这些短语中的to 均为介词。
stick to???坚持????? lead to? 导致, 通向 pay a visit to 参观?
sentence sb. to 宣判某人 come to? 谈到, 涉及??? see to? 处理，负责?????
be up to 总计???????? devote…to 致力于??????????? ?get down to 开始 /着手
be opposed to / object to 反对 be devoted to? 致力于，献身于
be attached to adjust (adapt)… to be exposed to??????
look forward to pay attention to???? attend to
contribute to? ??????? turn to admit to
when it comes to
withdraw-withdrawal
The general refused to withdraw his troops.（收回，撤回）
She withdrew all her savings and left the country.（取钱，提款）
withdrawal symptoms 戒毒过程中出现的症状
quit 动词，过去式和过去分词均为quit，现在分词为quitting，接动词-ing形式, “停止做”
e.g. She quit smoking when she got pregnant.???? 她一怀孕就戒了烟。
归类记忆：下列动词只能用-ing 形式作宾语
admit, advise, allow, appreciate, avoid, consider, deny , forbid(禁止), fancy(想象), finish, keep, mention, mind, miss, pardon, permit, prevent, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, imagine, postpone(推迟), practice, quit, resist(抵制), risk , suggest, tolerate, understand
strengthen
Practicing Kongfu strengthens our bodies.
We must strengthen our socialist construction.
We should strengthen the legal system.
He lifted the stone with all his strength.
The ability to keep calm is one of his many strengths.
Bill was doing a lot of physical exercises to build up his strength.
To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths and
weaknesses.
decide –decision
decide+名词/代词
The question will be decided by themselves.问题将由他们自己决定。
decide to do
Last week, a group of Class 3 students decided to go to the museum.
decide+从句
Let's first decide where we should go.
(=Let's first decide where to go.)
It is not decided whether we will go there.
It is decided that...：
It is decided that we should start tomorrow. （注：这种从句要用虚拟语气。）
跟介词短语(跟on或upon，表示“就某事做出决定”)：
Don't decide on important matters too quickly.重要的事情不要匆忙做出决定。
make a decision
determine to do / be determined to do
make up one’s mind (s) to do
feel like 想要, 只表示一次的想法, 后接动词-ing形式
e.g. It’s so hot today. I feel like going swimming. 今天好热啊, 我想去游泳。
摸起来像……, 像是……
e.g. The material feels like silk
It feels like rain.
would like to do
e.g. I’d like to have dinner with you.
remind
remind sb of sth
remind sb to to
remind sb that…
e.g. The story reminded me of an experience I once lived.
You must remind him to take his medicine ,in case he forgets.
Please remind me that I must return the book before noon.
ashamed?? adj.??feel sorry or embarrassed
e.g. She is ashamed to ask such a simple question.
相关短语：be ashamed of sb./ sth
????????????????? be ashamed that…
???????????? ?????be ashamed to do…
???????????????????What a shame!
It’s a shame (pity) that…… ….真是遗憾
in spite of?? 尽管, 虽然，不顾。后接名词（despite)
eg. She can’t see very well in spite of her glasses.?(despite)
尽管戴着眼镜她还是不能看得很清楚。
Despite (In spite of) the fact that we tried our best, we didn’t win.
regardless of 不管，不顾，不理会
He says what he thinks and does what he wants to do, regardless of other people’s feelings.
The law says everyone is equal, regardless of age, sex, or religion.
Though / Although / Even if
Even though it’s hard work, I enjoy it.
Young as / though I am, I already know what career I want to follow.
get into陷于, 染上什么习惯
???? get into the habit of 养成什么习惯。
相当于fall into the habit of或者form the habit of
e.g. The girl has got into the habit of playing with her hair while reading.?
那个女孩养成了阅读时玩弄头发的习惯。
at risk=in danger
take risks/ a risk
at the risk of??? 冒……的危险/风险
at your own risk? 自担风险
run the risk of 冒险(做某事)
risk doing
survival-survive-survivor
Of the four people in the car accident, only one survived.
Many customs have survived from earlier times.许多风俗习惯源源流长
The old lady has survived her husband.那老妇人的丈夫先她而去世了
He felt lucky to have survived the war.经历那场战争后能幸存下来他感到很幸运
possible, probable, likely 的用法
It’s possible (for sb) to do
It’s possible that…
It’s probable that…
sth is probable
It’s likely that….
主语+be likely to do
prejudice
pride and prejudice 傲慢与偏见
She has a prejudice against modern music.? 她对现代音乐怀有偏见。
They accused him of having a prejudice against his women employees.?他们指责他歧视女雇员。
A new law has been brought in to discourage racial prejudice.?一项反对种族歧视的新法律已被提出。
重点词组：
1. due to 由于；归功于?
2. be/become addicted to 对……有瘾?
3. decide on (doing)sth对……做出决定?
4. be/become/grow accustomed to sth./doing sth.? 习惯于某事/做某事?
5. feel like (doing)?? 想要（做）?
6. in spite of 不管；不顾?
7. stand for 支持；代表?
8. get (sb.) into (sth.) 陷入；染上坏习惯；进入
get into the way/habit of doing sth. 学成做某事的方法/养成做某事的习惯?
9. be ashamed of/that.… 为……感到惭愧/羞愧
be ashamed to do sth. 羞于做某事?
10.take off?? 开除/脱衣/起飞/取消/休假?
11.quit (doing) sth. 停止做某事?
12.be at risk 处在危险之中
take risks(a risk)? 冒险?
13.manage to do sth. 设法做好/设法办到某事?
14.so far 到目前为止（与现在完成时连用）?
15.make sure 确定；查明；弄明白?
16.prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事?
17.every time 每次；每当……时
18.remind sb of sth 让某人想起某事
19. leave out 遗漏
20.benefit from 从…得益
重点词组讲解：
take risks/a risk冒险
教材原句P20：He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.
他觉得每一步都得作出决定而不是冒险。
at risk有风险
at the risk of...冒着……风险
take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事
take risks (a risk) to do冒险做……
risk doing sth.冒险做某事
risk one’s life to do sth.冒着生命危险做某事
①Whatever you do, don’t take unnecessary risks.
无论你做什么，都不要冒不必要的风险。
②If you go online tomorrow, your computer might run the risk of being attacked by a virus.
你如果明天上网，你的电脑可能面临病毒攻击的危险。
③He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk losing the good opportunity.他为面试作了充分的准备，因为他不想冒失去这一次好机会的危险。
get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)
教材原句P20：Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!当然，对付毒品的最好的方法是首先就别养成(吸毒的)习惯。
get across(使)通过；(使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚
get along进展；相处
get away逃脱；离开
get away with...做了坏事而不受处罚
get down to认真工作
get over爬过；越过；克服困难；痊愈
get through穿越(马路)；通过；接通电话；经历
①(陕西高考)Many homeless people get into the habit of begging to get enough money to stay alive.
许多无家可归的人开始养成乞讨谋生的习惯。
②(重庆高考)Hi, Bob, how are you getting along with your spoken report?
嗨，鲍勃，你的口头报告准备得怎样了？
③(2010·湖北卷单项填空)A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，在陌生人中找到朋友。
重点句型讲解：
1. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望这样，因为我想让你过上和我一样长寿而健康的生活。
名师指津：此句式为as＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋as...结构。
例句仿写：这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过着俭朴的生活。
The man hopes to live as simple a life as his grandpa.
2. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
每次你想吸烟的时候，要提醒自己你是一个不吸烟的人。
名师指津：every time引导时间状语从句。
例句仿写：我每次见他，他总是随身带着他的笔记本电脑。
Every time I meet him, he always carries his notebook computer.
3. As you know，if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.
你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。
名师指津：as引导定语从句，意为“正如，正像”。
例句仿写：正如多次强调的那样，学好英语对你们今后的职业发展非常重要。
As has been stressed many times, learning English well is of great importance to your career development in future.
4. It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.
只有当一个人发展成艾滋病时，他才开始看上去有病。
名师指津：本句为强调句型。
例句仿写：我还记得三年前是在北京初次遇到你。
I still remember it was in Beijing that I first met you three years ago.
5. It is no good crying over spilt milk.
覆水难收。
名师指津：It is no good/use doing sth. 做某事无用。
例句仿写：劝说他没用，他不会改变主意。
It is no good/use persuading him. He won’t change his mind.
1. (2014·福建质量检测)—When is the next train arriving?
—It’s ________at 7:30.
A. due B. normal
C. straight D. convenient
解析：考查形容词辨析。句意为：——下一班火车什么时候到？——预计是7∶30。due意为“预期，预计”。根据句意可知，选A项。
答案：A
2. (2014·宁夏银川一中第四次考试)Often organized outdoors or at big venues ________their popularity, music festivals provide one day or even several days of non-stop entertainment.
A. due to B. in spite of
C. in honor of D. apart from
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意为：因为受欢迎，音乐节经常在户外或大的场地举行，它们提供一天甚至几天不停的娱乐。due to由于；in spite of尽管；in honor of为了表示对……的崇敬；apart from除……之外。根据句意可知A项正确。
答案：A
3. (2014·长沙市重点中学高三联考)Accustomed to ________in the beautiful country. Bead found it difficult to live in the crowded city.
A. living B. live
C. having lived D. have lived
解析：考查非谓语动词。be accustomed to doing sth.表示“习惯做某事”，其中to是介词，后面应用v.-ing形式，故选A项。
答案： A
4. (2014·安徽芜湖市模拟)To our great surprise, the city girl became ________to country life very quickly.
A. accessible B. devoted
C. accustomed D. involved
解析：考查形容词辨析。句意为：令我们大为惊讶的是，那个城市女孩很快习惯了(accustomed)乡村生活。accessible易接近的，可进入的，可理解的；devoted献身的，忠诚的；involved有关的，卷入的，复杂的，均不符合语境。
答案：C
5. (2014·太原模拟)The new survey shows that the number of students ________computer games has been on the increase in recent years.
A. devoted to B. related to
C. connected to D. addicted to
解析：be devoted to致力于；be related to与……有联系；be connected to与……相关联；be addicted to对……上瘾的。addicted to是分词短语作后置定语修饰“students”；指“对电脑游戏上瘾的学生”，因此D项正确。
答案：D
基础演练
一、语境填词
1. Because final exams are coming, most students are under a lot of ________ (压力).
2. She was __________ (绝望的) after the failure of her plan.
3. They promised to __________ (加强) the cooperation between the two nations in more fields.
4. My uncle has ________ (停止) smoking.
5. Are you very ______________ (失望的) at losing the game?
6. She was ________ (感到惭愧的) of having failed in the examination.
7. What you said has a great ________ (影响) on his thinking.
8. Her trouble was found to be ________ (精神的), not physical.
9. There is a ________ (禁令, 禁止) on smoking in theaters.
10. Breathing is an ________ (无意识的) fun_ction of the body.
11. He looked ________ (局促不安的) in this strange place.
12. When I began to sing, they laughed and made me ______________ (尴尬的).
13. His ________ (幸存) made us surprised and happy.
14. He has a ________ (偏见) against modern music.
15. He showed excellent __________ (判断力) in choosing a friend.
16. It is ________ (违法的) to steal things.
17. The bad weather resulted in the plan’s __________ (中途失败).
18. He has to take ________ (药片) to control his blood pressure.
答案：1.stress 2.desperate 3.strengthen 4.quit 5.disappointed 6.ashamed 7.effect 8.mental 9.ban 10. Automatic 11.awkward 12.embarrassed 13.survival 14.prejudice 15.judgement 16.illegal 17.abortion 18. pills
巩固提高
一、单项填空
1. Your mother tells me that you started smoking________ ago and now you are finding it difficult to________.
A. sometime; give up it
B. some times; give away it
C. some time; give it up
D. sometimes; give it away
2. First, you can become physically________ to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes.
A. addict B. addicted C. addictive D. addiction
3. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed________ nicotine in it.
A. to having B. to have C. have D. having
4. However, ________ I________ know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.
A. that; did B. what; did C. what; do D. that; do
5. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time________.
A. quit smoking B. to quit to smoke C. quit to smoke D. to quit smoking
6. It is not easy to stop smoking, but millions have managed to quit and________.
A. so can you B. neither can you C. so you can D. neither you can
7. Every time you feel like________ a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
A. to smoke B. smoked C. smoking D. smoke
8. If you start to feel nervous or stressed, do not reach for a cigarette. Try some deep breathing________.
A. instead of B. instead C. however D. anyway
9. Do some relaxation exercises________ you feel stressed.
A. until B. every time C. every time when D. even if
10. Do not be________ if you have to try several times________ you finally stop smoking.
A. disappointing; before
B. disappointed; when
C. disappointing; when
D. disappointed; before
答案：1.C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. D
二、佳句翻译与仿写
1. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)感到惊奇吧，他的儿子都到了参军的年龄。
____________________________ his son is ____________________ the army.
(2)你还没大到可以独自旅行的年龄。
You’re not ________________________ alone.
2. Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)我发现与她相处很难。
I on with her.
(2)她觉得早上早起是必要的。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)我没有见过她，也没有收到过她的信。
I haven’t seen her and ____________________ heard from her.
(2)我不知道他的名字，也不想知道。
I don’t know his name and ________________________.
4. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)我希望我能买得起和他的一样大而且漂亮的房子。
I hope I can afford ________________________________ he has.
(2)玛丽和她姐姐是一样聪明的女孩。
Mary is ________________________ her sister.
5. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
翻译：
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
仿写：
(1)每当你想吃东西的时候，提醒自己不要吃的太多。
________________________________, remind yourself not to eat too much.
(2)我每次看见他，都觉得他变得更瘦了。
________________________, I found he became thinner.
答案：
1.感到惊奇吧，像我这样的年龄，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20公里。
(1)It seems amazing that old enough to join
(2)old enough to travel
2. 你母亲告诉我一段时间前你开始吸烟而且现在你发现很难戒掉。
(1)find it hard to get
(2)She finds it necessary to get up early in the morning.
3. 我也不知道自己吸烟还会损害那些不吸烟人的健康。
(1)neither have I
(2)neither do I want to
4. 我的确希望如此，因为我希望你能像我这样活得健康长寿。
(1)as big and beautiful a house as
(2)as clever a girl as
5. 每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己：你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。
(1)Every time you feel like eating
(2)Every time I saw him
一、单项填空
1. Mr. Black is under________ because his wife is ill.
A. stress B. trouble C. danger D. difficulty
2. He was late________ the very heavy traffic.
A. rather than B. due to C. as a result D. because
3. —They are quiet，aren’t they?
—Yes. They are accustomed________ at meals.
A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking
4. I have been told that smoking has a bad________ my health.
A. affect on B. effect in C. effect on D. affect in
5. I feel like________ to the cinema tonight and I would like you________ me company.
A. to go; keeping B. going; keeping
C. to go; to keep D. going; to keep
6. —How do you find Qingdao, Mary?
—It’s a beautiful seaside city. I have________ it for my next holiday.
A. decided on B. tried on C. taken on D. carried on
7. ________ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior schools is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
8. No one can attain great achievements________ he concentrates on what he is doing, even though a talent.
A. because B. while C. unless D. if
9. He didn’t make________ clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A. this B. that C. these D. it
10. I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time________ Brian gets back.
A. before B. since C. till D. after
答案：1.A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. A
二、选词填空
due to, addicted to, accustomed to, decide on, feel like, do damage to, reach for, by the way
1. Some students were so ________________ the play that they spent too much time in front of TV.
2. The thirsty patient ________________ the cup but couldn’t get it.
3. The car accident was __________________ careless driving.
4. It is still raining and it is difficult to ________________ a date to go on our project.
5. Do you ________________ sharing your experience with the rest of your group?
6. ________________, are you going to the café?
7. I’m a northerner, so I am not ________________ the kind of food that southerners often eat.
8. Man has ________ great ________________ the environment over the years.
答案：1. addicted to 2. reached for 3. due to 4. decide on 5. feel like 6. By the way
7. accustomed to 8. done damage to
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项填空
1. I felt________ when I dropped the Tang Dynasty vase.
A. embarrassed and awkward
B. happy and worried
C. glad and angry
D. pleased and sad
2. ________ the high price, demand for these cars is very high.
A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. Due to
3. After climbing up to the top of the mountain, I was________.
A. out of breath B. out of control C. out of danger D. out of date
4. It is necessary for you to call 110 when you________ the trouble of being attacked by others.
A. shake with B. get into C. throw out D. take it easy
5. He is at________ now and________ is our duty to help him at once.
A. risk; it B. danger; this C. danger; it D. risk; that
6. Though many of the heavy smokers have realized the serious effect that smoking has________ their health, they continue to smoke instead of________.
A. for; giving it up B. on; leaving
C. to; abandoning D. on; quitting
7. —What did she want to know, Tom?
—She wondered________ we could complete the experiment.
A. when was it B. it was when that
C. it was when D. when it was that
8. The fire made________ difficult to rescue the people trapped under the ruins in the earthquake.
A. / B. this C. that D. it
9. Tell him I need to see him________ he arrives.
A. immediate B. the minute C. at the moment D. for the instant
10. —I thought it would be a good idea to go shopping this afternoon.
—________ I have always wanted to do that.
A. That’s a great idea! B. I don’t think so.
C. Sorry. D. Why?
答案：1.A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. A
二、词义辨析
1. 用decide, decide on的适当形式填空
(1) You must ________________ the day when you will pay off the debt.
(2) I’ve ________________ going to America for my holiday.
(3) The boy ________ not to become a sailor.
(4) Let’s first ________ where we should go.
2. 用ashamed, shameful填空
(1) He was ________ that he couldn’t give an answer.
(2) It is ________ to cheat in the exam.
(3) To our surprise, the cheat wasn’t ________ of his ________ conduct at all.
答案：
1.(1)decide on (2)decided on (3)decided (4)decide
三、完形填空
How did you do it, Dad? How have you managed not to take a drinking for almost 20 years? It took me so long to have the __1__ to ask my father this personal question. When Dad first __2__ drinking, the whole family was on pins and needles (坐立不安) and wondered whether he would get into a __3__ under which he would start __4__ again. For a few years we were __5__ to bring it up.
“It is a little poem that I have recited to myself at least four to five times a day, ” said Dad, __6__ to my 18-year-old unasked question.“The words are a constant __7__ to me that things are __8__ so hard that I could not deal with them.” Dad continued. Then he __9__ the poem with me. The poem was __10__ but profound (深刻的), which immediately became __11__ of my daily routine as well.
About a month after this __12__ with my father, I received a gift in the mail from a friend of mine. It was a book of daily sayings of wisdom with one __13__ for each day of the year.
Don’t you think it is an unforgettable __14__ that when you get something with days of the year on it, and you naturally turn to the page that lists your own __15__?
I __16__ opened the book to November 10 to see __17__words of wisdom this book had in store for me. I was __18__ when I looked at the page, and then tears of appreciation __19__ down my face. There, on my birthday, was the exact same poem that had __20__ my father for all these years! It is called the Serenity (平静) Prayer.
God, offer me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change；the courage to change the things I can; and the wisdom to know the difference.
1. A. chance
B. courage
C. ability
D. right
2. A. gave up
B. took up
C. went on
D. carried on
3. A. way
B. habit
C. situation
D. house
4. A. reciting
B. asking
C. smoking
D. drinking
5. A. sure
B. uncertain
C. afraid
D. eager
6. A. reply
B. words
C. excuse
D. reason
7. A. warning
B. suggestion
C. saying
D. reminder
8. A. never
B. seldom
C. always
D. ever
9. A. discussed
B. shared
C. offered
D. talked
10. A. wonderful
B. long
C. simple
D. boring
11. A. all
B. that
C. any
D. part
12. A. talk
B. quarrel
C. trip
D. lesson
13. A. listed
B. included
C. read
D. said
14. A. method
B. experience
C. wealth
D. message
15. A. character
B. birthday
C. qualities
B. favorites
16. A. doubtfully
B. carefully
C. happily
D. hurriedly
17. A. where
B. whether
C. what
D. how
18. A. excited
B. astonished
C. disappointed
D. frightened
19. A. hung
B. pulled
C. rolled
D. pushed
20. A. troubled
B. disturbed
C. pleased
D. helped
答案：1.B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. D
四、阅读理解
Healthy Habits, Healthy Body
Feeling tired lately? Has a doctor said he can’t find anything wrong with you? Perhaps he sent you to a hospital, but all the advanced equipment there shows that there is nothing wrong with you.
Then, consider this：you might be in a state of subhealth (亚健康).
Subhealth, also called the third state or gray state, is explained as a borderline state between health and disease.
According to the investigation (调查研究) by the National Health Organization, over 45 percent of subhealthy people are middle-aged or elderly. The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam time.
Symptoms (征兆) include a lack of energy, depression (压抑), slow reactions, insomnia (失眠), agitation (焦虑), and poor memory. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, sweating and aching in the waist and legs.
The key to preventing and recovering from subhealth, according to some medical experts, is to form good living habits, alternate work and rest, exercise regularly, and take part in open-air activities.
As for meals, people are advised to eat less salt and sugar. They should eat more fresh vegetables, fruit and fish because they are rich in nutritional (营养的) elements—vitamins and trace elements (微量元素)—that are important to the body.
Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract (消化道). They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding subhealth.
1. According to this passage, which of the following is right?
A. When you are in a state of subhealth, you should stay home and keep silent.
B. When you are in a state of subhealth, you should go to see a doctor and buy some medicine.
C. When you are in a state of subhealth, you should have yourself examined in foreign countries.
D. When you are in a state of subhealth, you should find out the reasons and relax yourself.
2. Middle-aged people may be easy to feel subhealthy because________.
A. they have used to their energy
B. they have lost their living hopes
C. they have more pressure in life and work
D. they begin to get older
3. As for food, experts suggested that________.
A. we should never eat meat
B. we should have meals with less salt and sugar
C. we should eat less than usual
D. we should have meals without salt or sugar
4. The underlined word “alternate” in the sixth paragraph is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. arrange by turns B. cause to take place
C. keep up D. take up
答案：1.D 2. C 3. B 4. A
Sleep Struggle
One in every five young people has a sleep problem, so you’re not alone. Getting enough sleep has become as important as eating vegetables and exercising regularly. It’s very important for your body.
Most young people only get seven hours of sleep each night, when they actually need nine hours. And making up for lost sleep during the week by sleeping on weekends doesn’t really work. In fact, sleeping late on weekends may actually do you more harm than good, if you have sleep problems.
What happens if you don’t get enough sleep? If your sleep problem continues for a few nights, you could suffer serious problems. Lack of sleep can affect learning and memory. Worse, if your sleep difficulties last a long time, that could lead to anxiety or depression (抑郁). Therefore, you’ve got to have some healthy sleep habits. Below are some suggestions：
?GO TO BED AT THE SAME TIME—including weekends, if possible.
?WAKE UP AROUND THE SAME TIME EVERY MORNING. When you sleep late just one morning during the week, it may disturb your body clock. This will make it hard for you to sleep that night.
?DO SOMETHING RELAXING before going to bed.
?EXERCISE DURING THE DAY. Don’t exercise right before going to bed.
?AVOID DRINKING ALCOHOL. Alcohol makes you excited. This prevents you from falling asleep or wakes you up during the night.
?DON’T SMOKE. Smoking is always bad for the body. Smoking before bedtime keeps you awake.
If trying these tips over a couple of weeks does not help you, speak to your doctor. Do not take any sleeping pills without first asking your doctor. Many of them have strong side effects.
1. The passage suggests that people with sleep problems should________.
A. eat vegetables and exercise regularly
B. make up for lost sleep on weekends
C. follow a fixed timetable for sleep
D. sleep seven hours every day
2. We can learn from the suggestions that________.
A. getting up earlier one morning makes it easier to fall asleep that night
B. listening to soft music before going to bed may help you fall asleep
C. smokers and those who drink alcohol usually have sleep problems
D. exercising in the evening will help you get to sleep
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Sleep problems are serious among young people.
B. Sleeping late on weekends can make up for lost sleep.
C. Your eating habits will be broken due to lack of sleep.
D. You’ll no longer have your sleep problem if you try the tips.
4. What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. Many young people have sleep problems.
B. Don’t smoke before sleeping.
C. How to keep healthy sleep habits.
D. Smoking can make you awake.
答案：1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C
LEEDS, England—A Leeds University psychology (心理学) professor is teaching a course to help dozens of Britons forgive their enemies.
“The hate we hold within us is a cancer,” Professor Ken Hart said, adding that holding in anger can lead to problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
More than 70 people have become members in Hart’s first 20-week workshop in London—a course he says is the first of its kind in the world.
“These are people who are sick and tired of living with a memory. They realize their bitterness is a poison they think they can pour out, but they end up drinking it themselves,” said Canadian-born Hart.
The students meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with an adviser every fortnight.
The course, ending in July, is expected to get rid of the cancer of hate in these people.“People have lots of negative attitudes towards forgiveness,” he said, “People confuse (混同) forgiveness with forgetting. Forgiveness means changing from a negative attitude to positive one.” Hart and his team have created instructions to provide the training needed.
“The main idea is to give you guidelines on how to look at various kinds of angers and how they affect you, and how to change your attitudes towards the person you are angry with, ” said Norman Claringbull, a senior expert on the forgiveness project.
Hart said he believes forgiveness is a skill that can be taught, as these people “want to get free of the past”.
1. From this passage we know that________.
A. high blood pressure and heart disease are caused by hate
B. high blood pressure can only be cured by psychology professors
C. without hate, people will have less trouble connected with blood and heart
D. people who suffer from blood pressure and heart disease must have many enemies
2. If you are angry with somebody, you should________.
A. try your best to defeat him or her
B. never meet him or her again
C. persuade him or her to have a talk with you
D. relax yourself by not thinking of him or her any more
3. If you were a member in Hart’s workshop, you would________.
A. pay much money to Hart
B. go to the workshop every night
C. attend a gathering twice a month
D. pour out everything stored in your mind
4. The author wrote this passage in order to________.
A. persuade us to go to Hart’s workshop
B. tell us the news about Hart’s workshop
C. tell us how to run a workshop like Hart’s
D. help us to look at various kinds of angers
答案：1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B
Unit3 A healthy life-语法篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握it的用法；
理解并巩固it的各种用法并能正确使用；
It的用法
一、it 作人称代词
1. it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:
Xi’an is?a?beautiful?city, isn’t?it?
2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):
Is this your dog? No, it isn’t.
二、it作非人称代词
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的it：
1. 指天气： It is a lovely day, isn’t?it? It is a bit windy.
2. 指时间： It was nearly midnight when she came back.
3. 指环境： It was very quiet in?the?café.
4. 指距离： It is half an hour’s?walk?to the city centre from my home.
5. 指日期： --What's the date today? --It's May 1, 2007.
6. 指季节： It is summer now.
7. 指度量： It is about 5 kilograms.
8. 指价值： ---What's the cost of the T-shirt? ----It is 150 yuan.
三、it用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
1. 代作主语的动词不定式
(1) It +be+ adj.+（for sb.）to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous…
It is illegal（for a teenager）to drive a car without a license.
(2) It +be+ adj. of sb. to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy.
It's kind of you to help me with the problem.
(3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型
It's no good/use doing…
It's（well）worth doing…
It's（well）worthwhile doing/ to do
It's no use crying over spilt milk.
2. it作形式主语替代主语从句
①It+ be+ adj. +clause
It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain …) that ...
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然, 真的……）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如：
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
②It +be +v-ed +that…=sb./sth.+be+ to do
It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that ...
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉. . . ）”。
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
③ It +be + noun +从句
It is a pity /a shame + that ...
该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去. 表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
四、it作形式宾语
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，常用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。
I think it no use arguing with him. 我认为和他争吵没有用。
I found it very interesting to study English. 我发现学英语非常有趣。
He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。
五、用于强调句型中
It is/was? + 被强调部分 + that/who ...
It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...
It was five o’clock _________I got home.
It was at five o’clock_______ I got home.
强调句用以强调主语，宾语，介词宾语以及状语。强调人时用that和who ／whom皆可
It was she who ／that had been wrong.
It was the girl whom ／that I met just now.
It was Tom to whom the teacher had talked.
It was on Monday night that all this happened.
It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...
该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语 “直到……才……”，可以说是not ... until ... 的强调形式。例如:
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.
= I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
六、It 常用的固定搭配
1. make it
（1）在口语当中相当于succeed，表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达
It's hard to make it to the top in show business.
（2）在口语中相当于fix the date for，表示“约定好时间”例?
—Shall we meet next week？
—OK. We just make it next Saturday.
2. take it/things easy
相当于Don‘t worry or don’t hurry. 用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，沉住气”
Take it easy! He will do it well.
3. It all depends/that all depends 在口语中，相当于it hasn‘t been decided yet，表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”
—Are you going to the countryside for holiday?
—It/That all depends.
4. It's up to sb.
在口语中，相当于it's decided by sb. 表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”
—Shall we go out for dinner?
—It's up to you.
1. (2014·南京一模)When ________comes to an interview day, we’ve got many things in mind, such as being on time and giving proper answers.
A. that B. this
C. it D. one
2. (2014·山东济宁一模)He made ________quite clear that he wouldn’t change his mind.
A. it B. this
C. himself D. that
3. (2014·湖南长沙一中、师大附中六校联考)His favorite food is fried snacks and soft drinks ________is no surprise that losing weight is just his dream.
A. There B. It
C. As D. What
4. (2014·福建高中质检)—Shall I attend my friend’s coming-of-age ceremony, Mum?
—No, unless you see to ________that you will be home before 10:00 pm.
A. one B. this
C. it D. her
5. (2014·四川省南充市第一次适应性考试)You look very beautiful in this dress and there is only one of this kind left here. I wonder if you would buy________.
A. one B. it
C. some D. any
基础演练
一、单项填空
1. The fact that she was foreign made ________difficult for her to get a job in that country.
A. so B. much C. that D. it
2. The doctor thought ________would be good for you to have a holiday.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
3. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don’t have enough money to buy ________.
A. one B. it C. this D. that
4. Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ________ extra stress.
A. it B. them C. one D. him
5. I’d appreciate________ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A. that B. it C. this D. you
6. She thought________ a great honor to be invited to speak to us.
A. that B. this C. it D. it is
7. Is________ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A. this B. that C. it D. he
8. I hate________ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
9. ________ is known to us all that the earth is round.
A. As B. It C. Which D. That
10. ________ a hot day, I decide to go for a swim.
A. So B. How C. It being D. It is
11. It has been proved________ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life.
A. if B. because C. when D. that
12. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but________ didn’t help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
13. ________ four years since John left school.
A. They have been B. It is
C. It was D. Those are
14. —What a pity________! My new car won’t start.
—There must be something wrong with it.
A. there is B. this is C. it is D. that is
15. ________ that there were 20 persons killed in the traffic accident, a baby included.
A. What was reported B. What reported
C. It reported D. It was reported
巩固提高
一、用it改写下面的句子
1. Lying in the sun in winter is pleasant.
________________________________________________________________________
2. Her hair was turning grey. That worried her a bit.
________________________________________________________________________
3. We are said to have to stop the task.
________________________________________________________________________
4. To remember this rule is important.
________________________________________________________________________
5. Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen.
________________________________________________________________________
6. She found to accustom her child to getting up early is necessary.
________________________________________________________________________
7. He was clever to say so.
________________________________________________________________________
8. When and where to hold the meeting hasn’t been decided.
________________________________________________________________________
二、翻译句子
1. 他居然还活着真是个奇迹。(wonder)
________________________________________________________________________
2. 我们是从太阳那里得到的光和热。(强调句)
________________________________________________________________________
3. 我发现说法语很难。(it作形式宾语)
________________________________________________________________________
4. 走到市中心需要半小时。(take)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. 当你用她的电脑时她感到很生气。(hate, it作形式宾语)
________________________________________________________________________
6. 跟他争吵没有用。(good)
________________________________________________________________________
1. It was at the gate ____ he told me the news.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
2. Is ____necessary to tell his father everything
A. it B. that C. what D. he
3. Was it in this palace ____ the last emperor died?
A. that B. in which C. in where D. which
4. Is ____ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A. now B. man C. that D. it
5. Was it during the Second World War ____he died?
A. that B. while C. in which D. then
6. Is ____necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A. this B. that C. it D. he
7. I don't think ____possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this B. that C. its D. it
8. Does ____matter if he can't finish the job on time?
A. this B. that C. he D. it
9. It was not ____she took off her dark glasses ____ , I realized she was a famous film star.
A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then
10. Tom‘s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ____didn’t help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
11. ____is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
12. Is ________ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A. now B. man C. that D. it
13. Our food and service are better than ________ used to be.
A. it B. we C. they D. them
14. ________ appears to me ________ the report must be truth.
A. That; it B. It; that C. It; it D. That; that
15. He feels ________ duty to help others.
A. that he B. that his C. it he D. it his
16. Take ________ easy. The roads are icy.
A. it B. them C. us D. you
17. The TV sets made in China are much better than ________ in Japan.
A. that B. those C. them D. It
18. —— Have you found the bike you lost yesterday?
—— Yes, I've found ________ already.
A. it B. that C. the one D. that one
19. —— I'm looking for a flat.
—— Would you like ____ with ____ garden?
A. it; the B. it; a C. one; a D. one; the
20. ________ was ________ who I met in the museum this morning.
A. It; him B. It; he C. That; he D. That; him
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项填空
1. —What do you think of the composition?
—Anyone can________ that it was poorly written.
A. guess B. look C. tell D. speak
2. More than 50 nations, according to a report, have introduced laws banning scientists________ humans.
A. cloning B. to clone C. clone D. from cloning
3. He risked________ so as to get the important information from the enemy.
A. arresting B. being arrested
C. to be arrested D. to arrest
4. You should quit ________.Please get down to business.
A. to complain B. complaining
C. to be complaining D. to have complained
5. The shy girl felt________ when she could not answer her teacher’s questions.
A. amazed B. awkward C. curious D. amused
6. She always does well at school________ having to do part-time jobs every now and then.
A. in spite of B. in case of C. on account of D. regardless of
7. Smoking too much can cause health problems, so any heavy smoker may find himself________ in the long run.
A. at risk B. in need C. in return D. at ease
8. I wonder what it feels like________ in public.
A. praising B. to praise C. to be praised D. to be praising
9. The great success of this program has been largely________ the support given by the 10 local businessmen.
A. because B. leading to C. thanks to D. due to
10. ________ to chocolate, she soon put on weight.
A. Addicted B. Addicting C. Having addicted D. To addict
11. —Have you got used to the country life there?
—Yes, but I don’t like________ when it comes to shopping and amusement.
A. that B. this C. so D. it
12. If you have a job, ________yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.
A. do devote B. don’t devote
C. devoting D. not devoting
13. The young man turned a deaf ear to________ Father said, ________ annoyed Mother very much.
A. which; what B. what; which
C. that; which D. how; what
14. It is only when you feel bitter________ you will realize the mistakes you have made.
A. before B. after C. that D. when
15. —Could I use your computer for a few moments, please?
—________.I’m not using myself.
A. Come on B. It depends C. Go ahead D. That’s great
16. He took pity on the people in the flooded areas and________ his clothes and quilts to them.
A. gave away B. gave off C. gave in D. threw away
17. As a student of Grade 3, I________ early in the morning.
A. am accustomed to get up
B. am accustomed to getting up
C. accustomed to get up
D. accustomed to getting up
18. A small car is big enough for a family of three________ you need more space for baggage.
A. once B. because C. if D. unless
19. Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and________.
A. I was neither B. neither was I
C. I was either D. either was I
20. —Would you feel like________ a cigarette?
—Yes. I would like________. But my doctor asked me not to do so.
A. having; / B. having; to C. have; / D. to have; /
二、完形填空
As Christmas is coming, there are presents to be bought, cards to be sent, and rooms to be cleaned. Parents are __21__ with difficult jobs of hiding presents from curious young children. If the gifts are large, this is sometimes a real __22__.On Christmas Eve, young children find the excitement almost unbearable. They are torn between the wish to go to bed early so that Father Christmas will bring their presents quickly and the wish to __23__ up late so that they will not __24__ the fun. The wish for gifts usually proves stronger. But though children go to bed early, they often lie __25__ for a long time, hoping to get a short __26__ at Father Christmas.
Last Christmas, my wife and I __27__ hid a few large presents in the storeroom. I __28__ the moment when my son, Jimmy, would __29__ me where that new bike had come from, but __30__ he did not see it.
On Christmas Eve, __31__ took the children hours to go to sleep. It must have been nearly __32__ when my wife and I went quietly into their room and began __33__ stockings. Then I pushed in the __34__ I bought for Jimmy and left it beside the Christmas tree. We knew we would not get much sleep that night, for the children were __35__ to get up early. At about five o’clock the next morning, we were __36__ by loud sounds coming from the children’s room—they were shouting excitedly! __37__ I had time to get out of bed, young Jimmy came riding into the room on his new bike, and his sister, Mary, followed close behind pushing her new baby carriage.__38__ the baby arrived. He moved __39__ the hands and knees into the room dragging a large balloon behind him. Suddenly it burst. That woke us up __40__.The day had really begun with a band (巨响)!
21. A. faced
B. met
C. filled
D. pleased
22. A. question
B. matter
C. problem
D. business
23. A. get
B. stay
C. stand
D. wake
24. A. lose
B. break
C. miss
D. leave
25. A. awake
B. wake
C. asleep
D. sleep
26. A. look
B. stare
C. glare
D. watch
27. A. hopefully
B. busily
C. gladly
D. successfully
28. A. liked
B. feared
C. surprised
D. hated
29. A. answer
B. tell
C. ask
D. search
30. A. sadly
B. unluckily
C. possibly
D. fortunately
31. A. it
B. they
C. I
D. we
32. A. morning
B. midnight
C. evening
D. daybreak
33. A. filling
B. sewing
C. mending
D. preparing
34. A. present
B. stocking
C. bike
D. tree
35. A. going
B. sure
C. glad
D. excited
36. A. troubled
B. frightened
C. woken
D. shocked
37. A. Before
B. After
C. Until
D. Since
38. A. Even
B. And
C. Soon
D. Then
39. A. with
B. on
C. over
D. by
40. A. all
B. nearly
C. happily
D. completely
三、阅读理解
“Family” is of course an elastic word. But when British people say that their society is based on family life, they are thinking of “family” in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and children living together alone in their own house as an economic and social unit. Thus, every British marriage indicates the beginning of a new and independent family—hence the tremendous importance of marriage in British life. For both the man and the woman, marriage means leaving one’s parents and starting one’s own life. The man’s first duty will then be to his wife, and the wife’s to her husband. He will be entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for the running of the new home. Their children will be their common responsibility. Neither the wife’s parents nor the husband’s, nor their brothers or sisters, aunts or uncles, have any right to interfere with them—they are their own masters.
Readers of novels like Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice will know that in former time’s marriage among wealthy families were arranged by the girl’s parents, that is, it was the parents’ duty to find a suitable husband for their daughter, preferably a rich one, and by skillful encouragement to lead him eventually to ask their permission to marry their daughter. Until that time, the girl was protected and maintained in the parents’ home, and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry. It is very different today. Most girls of today get a job when they leave school and become financially independent before their marriage. This has had two results. A girl chooses her own husband, and she gets no dowry.
1. What does the author mean by “Family is of course an elastic word”?
A. Different families have different ways of life.
B. Different definitions could be given to the word.
C. Different nations have different families.
D. Different times produce different families.
2. For an English family, the husband’s duty is________.
A. running the family while the wife is financial support
B. defending the family while the wife is running the home
C. financial support while the wife is running the home
D. dependent while the wife is independent
3. Everything is decided in a family________.
A. by the couple
B. with the help of their parents
C. by brothers and sisters
D. with the help of aunts and uncles
4. What is TRUE concerning the book Pride and Prejudice?
A. It is the best book on marriage.
B. It is a handbook of marriage.
C. It gives some idea of English social life in the past.
D. It provides a lot of information of former time’s wealthy families.
At the recent O & P Extremity Games, I had the opportunity to observe a new generation of athletes with disabilities who were skateboarding and rock climbing. These young people really showed the promise of how rewarding physical activities are! We disabled can—and should be—as active as anyone else. When we get and stay active, we will feel better, be able to do more, have healthier bodies, and look better. It is a fact that exercise actually produces energy and builds on itself. The more we exercise, the fitter our bodies are, and thus the more energy we have to enjoy recreation and the pleasure of life.
Not everyone is cut out to be a competitive athlete, but there are things that we can do to strengthen our physical well-being. Experts recommend that spending as little as 30 minutes each day on physical activities provides benefits including lower risk of heart disease, cancer, high blood pressure, diabetes (糖尿病) and other serious diseases. Taking steps to become physically fit does not have to mean acquiring expensive training equipment or a gym membership. Exercise can include simple walking and running, gardening, cleaning the house, swimming, tennis, bicycling (stationary or on the road) and so on. The key is to do it on a regular basis.
Healthy lifestyles also require good nutritional habits. When choosing foods, nutritionists advise whole grains, flesh fruits and vegetables, fish, and lean (瘦的) cuts of poultry and meat. The benefits of drinking eight full glasses of water a day are also documented. Water provides the means for nutrients to travel to all our organs, improves skin tone (柔韧), regulates body temperature and contributes to muscle strength and control, which is confirmed by scientists.
Fitness results in completing the tasks of daily living, working a full day, and still having energy to participate in recreational activities. By being fit, you’ll find that you enjoy recreational activities even more because you won’t be tired or suffer from gore muscles.
It is time, folks, to get moving. So let’s all get out there and do some exercise!
1. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A. He wants to ask people to respect the disabled.
B. He intends to call on people to do some exercise.
C. He wants people to know the importance of exercise for the disabled.
D. He wants to explain what healthy lifestyles are.
2. According to the passage, physical activities bring benefits to humans EXCEPT________.
A. lower risk of heart disease
B. better muscle control
C. less chance of getting diabetes
D. less chance of having high blood pressure
3. The author is most probably a(n)________.
A. disabled man B. doctor
C. coach D. athlete
4. What do we learn from the passage?
A. Water can provide nutrients for us to improve skin tone.
B. Extreme sports have little to do with normal people.
C. One can enjoy recreation and the pleasure of life by doing extreme games.
D. We can have more energy to do things in our everyday life if we strengthen our physical well-being.
四、书面表达
假设你是高二的学生李华，你发现同学们有抽烟的现象，现在，请你给他们写一封信，劝说他们戒烟。信中应包含下列要点：
1. 据统计，在中国吸烟者约占总人口的一半，而且烟民的年龄越来越年轻，甚至一些中学生也在抽烟。
2. 如今越来越多的人已经认识到吸烟有害身体健康，但他们仍然乐此不疲。一些人认为吸烟是一种时髦，另外一些人认为吸烟很有趣，还有一些人认为吸烟可以提神。
3. 吸烟能导致多种疾病，浪费金钱，还可能引发火灾。
4. 吸烟对人们的身体百害而无一利。它不仅有害吸烟者本人，而且对不吸烟者也会造成损害。
注意：1.不得逐条翻译，表达要意思连贯，语言清楚。
2. 词数100～120。信的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Boys and girls,
I find many of you have got into the habit of smoking. In fact, smoking is a bad habit.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
Unit3 A healthy life-语法篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握it的用法；
理解并巩固it的各种用法并能正确使用；
It的用法
一、it 作人称代词
1. it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:
Xi’an is?a?beautiful?city, isn’t?it?
2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):
Is this your dog? No, it isn’t.
二、it作非人称代词
it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的it：
1. 指天气： It is a lovely day, isn’t?it? It is a bit windy.
2. 指时间： It was nearly midnight when she came back.
3. 指环境： It was very quiet in?the?café.
4. 指距离： It is half an hour’s?walk?to the city centre from my home.
5. 指日期： --What's the date today? --It's May 1, 2007.
6. 指季节： It is summer now.
7. 指度量： It is about 5 kilograms.
8. 指价值： ---What's the cost of the T-shirt? ----It is 150 yuan.
三、it用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
1. 代作主语的动词不定式
(1) It +be+ adj.+（for sb.）to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous…
It is illegal（for a teenager）to drive a car without a license.
(2) It +be+ adj. of sb. to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy.
It's kind of you to help me with the problem.
(3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型
It's no good/use doing…
It's（well）worth doing…
It's（well）worthwhile doing/ to do
It's no use crying over spilt milk.
2. it作形式主语替代主语从句
①It+ be+ adj. +clause
It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain …) that ...
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然, 真的……）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如：
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
②It +be +v-ed +that…=sb./sth.+be+ to do
It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that ...
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉. . . ）”。
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
③ It +be + noun +从句
It is a pity /a shame + that ...
该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去. 表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
四、it作形式宾语
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，常用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。
I think it no use arguing with him. 我认为和他争吵没有用。
I found it very interesting to study English. 我发现学英语非常有趣。
He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。
五、用于强调句型中
It is/was? + 被强调部分 + that/who ...
It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...
It was five o’clock _________I got home.
It was at five o’clock_______ I got home.
强调句用以强调主语，宾语，介词宾语以及状语。强调人时用that和who ／whom皆可
It was she who ／that had been wrong.
It was the girl whom ／that I met just now.
It was Tom to whom the teacher had talked.
It was on Monday night that all this happened.
It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...
该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语 “直到……才……”，可以说是not ... until ... 的强调形式。例如:
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.
= I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
六、It 常用的固定搭配
1. make it
（1）在口语当中相当于succeed，表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达
It's hard to make it to the top in show business.
（2）在口语中相当于fix the date for，表示“约定好时间”例?
—Shall we meet next week？
—OK. We just make it next Saturday.
2. take it/things easy
相当于Don‘t worry or don’t hurry. 用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，沉住气”
Take it easy! He will do it well.
3. It all depends/that all depends 在口语中，相当于it hasn‘t been decided yet，表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”
—Are you going to the countryside for holiday?
—It/That all depends.
4. It's up to sb.
在口语中，相当于it's decided by sb. 表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”
—Shall we go out for dinner?
—It's up to you.
1. (2014·南京一模)When ________comes to an interview day, we’ve got many things in mind, such as being on time and giving proper answers.
A. that B. this
C. it D. one
解析：考查代词。when it comes to sth.当涉及某事时，为固定结构，此处to是介词，后接名词或者动名词，故C项正确。
答案：C
2. (2014·山东济宁一模)He made ________quite clear that he wouldn’t change his mind.
A. it B. this
C. himself D. that
解析：考查代词。make it clear that...为固定句型，意为“表明……”，其中it指代后面that引导的从句，其他选项中的代词均不能指代从句。
答案：A
3. (2014·湖南长沙一中、师大附中六校联考)His favorite food is fried snacks and soft drinks ________is no surprise that losing weight is just his dream.
A. There B. It
C. As D. What
解析：考查it的用法。句意为：他最喜爱的食物是油炸小吃和不含酒精的饮料，毫不奇怪减肥对他来说只是个梦。It在这里作形式主语。“that losing weight is just his dream”是真正的主语。
答案：B
4. (2014·福建高中质检)—Shall I attend my friend’s coming-of-age ceremony, Mum?
—No, unless you see to ________that you will be home before 10:00 pm.
A. one B. this
C. it D. her
解析：考查代词。句意为：——妈妈，我可以参加朋友的成人礼吗？——不行，除非你确保在晚上10点之前回家。see to it that...确保……，it在句中作形式宾语。
答案：C
5. (2014·四川省南充市第一次适应性考试)You look very beautiful in this dress and there is only one of this kind left here. I wonder if you would buy________.
A. one B. it
C. some D. any
解析：考查代词。根据“there is only one of this kind left here”可知，此处表示前面提到的那一条裙子，所以选B。
答案：B
基础演练
一、单项填空
1. The fact that she was foreign made ________difficult for her to get a job in that country.
A. so B. much C. that D. it
2. The doctor thought ________would be good for you to have a holiday.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
3. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don’t have enough money to buy ________.
A. one B. it C. this D. that
4. Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ________ extra stress.
A. it B. them C. one D. him
5. I’d appreciate________ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A. that B. it C. this D. you
6. She thought________ a great honor to be invited to speak to us.
A. that B. this C. it D. it is
7. Is________ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A. this B. that C. it D. he
8. I hate________ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
9. ________ is known to us all that the earth is round.
A. As B. It C. Which D. That
10. ________ a hot day, I decide to go for a swim.
A. So B. How C. It being D. It is
11. It has been proved________ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life.
A. if B. because C. when D. that
12. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but________ didn’t help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
13. ________ four years since John left school.
A. They have been B. It is
C. It was D. Those are
14. —What a pity________! My new car won’t start.
—There must be something wrong with it.
A. there is B. this is C. it is D. that is
15. ________ that there were 20 persons killed in the traffic accident, a baby included.
A. What was reported B. What reported
C. It reported D. It was reported
答案：1.D 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D 12. D 13. B 14. C
15. D
巩固提高
一、用it改写下面的句子
1. Lying in the sun in winter is pleasant.
________________________________________________________________________
2. Her hair was turning grey. That worried her a bit.
________________________________________________________________________
3. We are said to have to stop the task.
________________________________________________________________________
4. To remember this rule is important.
________________________________________________________________________
5. Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen.
________________________________________________________________________
6. She found to accustom her child to getting up early is necessary.
________________________________________________________________________
7. He was clever to say so.
________________________________________________________________________
8. When and where to hold the meeting hasn’t been decided.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：
1. It is pleasant lying in the sun in winter.
2. It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.
3. It is said that we have to stop the task.
4. It is important to remember this rule.
5. It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good.
6. She found it necessary to accustom her child to getting up early.
7. It was clever of him to say so.
8. It hasn’t been decided when and where to hold the meeting.
二、翻译句子
1. 他居然还活着真是个奇迹。(wonder)
________________________________________________________________________
2. 我们是从太阳那里得到的光和热。(强调句)
________________________________________________________________________
3. 我发现说法语很难。(it作形式宾语)
________________________________________________________________________
4. 走到市中心需要半小时。(take)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. 当你用她的电脑时她感到很生气。(hate, it作形式宾语)
________________________________________________________________________
6. 跟他争吵没有用。(good)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：
1. It is a wonder that he is still alive.
2. It is from the sun that we get light and heat.
3. I find it hard to speak French.
4. It is half an hour’s walk to the city centre./It takes half an hour to walk to the city centre.
5. She hates it when you use her computer.
6. It is no good arguing with him.
1. It was at the gate ____ he told me the news.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
2. Is ____necessary to tell his father everything
A. it B. that C. what D. he
3. Was it in this palace ____ the last emperor died?
A. that B. in which C. in where D. which
4. Is ____ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A. now B. man C. that D. it
5. Was it during the Second World War ____he died?
A. that B. while C. in which D. then
6. Is ____necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A. this B. that C. it D. he
7. I don't think ____possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this B. that C. its D. it
8. Does ____matter if he can't finish the job on time?
A. this B. that C. he D. it
9. It was not ____she took off her dark glasses ____ , I realized she was a famous film star.
A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then
10. Tom‘s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ____didn’t help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
11. ____is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
12. Is ________ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A. now B. man C. that D. it
13. Our food and service are better than ________ used to be.
A. it B. we C. they D. them
14. ________ appears to me ________ the report must be truth.
A. That; it B. It; that C. It; it D. That; that
15. He feels ________ duty to help others.
A. that he B. that his C. it he D. it his
16. Take ________ easy. The roads are icy.
A. it B. them C. us D. you
17. The TV sets made in China are much better than ________ in Japan.
A. that B. those C. them D. It
18. —— Have you found the bike you lost yesterday?
—— Yes, I've found ________ already.
A. it B. that C. the one D. that one
19. —— I'm looking for a flat.
—— Would you like ____ with ____ garden?
A. it; the B. it; a C. one; a D. one; the
20. ________ was ________ who I met in the museum this morning.
A. It; him B. It; he C. That; he D. That; him
答案：1-5 ABADA 6-10 CDDBD 11-15 DDCBD 16-20ABACA
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项填空
1. —What do you think of the composition?
—Anyone can________ that it was poorly written.
A. guess B. look C. tell D. speak
2. More than 50 nations, according to a report, have introduced laws banning scientists________ humans.
A. cloning B. to clone C. clone D. from cloning
3. He risked________ so as to get the important information from the enemy.
A. arresting B. being arrested
C. to be arrested D. to arrest
4. You should quit ________.Please get down to business.
A. to complain B. complaining
C. to be complaining D. to have complained
5. The shy girl felt________ when she could not answer her teacher’s questions.
A. amazed B. awkward C. curious D. amused
6. She always does well at school________ having to do part-time jobs every now and then.
A. in spite of B. in case of C. on account of D. regardless of
7. Smoking too much can cause health problems, so any heavy smoker may find himself________ in the long run.
A. at risk B. in need C. in return D. at ease
8. I wonder what it feels like________ in public.
A. praising B. to praise C. to be praised D. to be praising
9. The great success of this program has been largely________ the support given by the 10 local businessmen.
A. because B. leading to C. thanks to D. due to
10. ________ to chocolate, she soon put on weight.
A. Addicted B. Addicting C. Having addicted D. To addict
11. —Have you got used to the country life there?
—Yes, but I don’t like________ when it comes to shopping and amusement.
A. that B. this C. so D. it
12. If you have a job, ________yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.
A. do devote B. don’t devote
C. devoting D. not devoting
13. The young man turned a deaf ear to________ Father said, ________ annoyed Mother very much.
A. which; what B. what; which
C. that; which D. how; what
14. It is only when you feel bitter________ you will realize the mistakes you have made.
A. before B. after C. that D. when
15. —Could I use your computer for a few moments, please?
—________.I’m not using myself.
A. Come on B. It depends C. Go ahead D. That’s great
16. He took pity on the people in the flooded areas and________ his clothes and quilts to them.
A. gave away B. gave off C. gave in D. threw away
17. As a student of Grade 3, I________ early in the morning.
A. am accustomed to get up
B. am accustomed to getting up
C. accustomed to get up
D. accustomed to getting up
18. A small car is big enough for a family of three________ you need more space for baggage.
A. once B. because C. if D. unless
19. Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and________.
A. I was neither B. neither was I
C. I was either D. either was I
20. —Would you feel like________ a cigarette?
—Yes. I would like________. But my doctor asked me not to do so.
A. having; / B. having; to C. have; / D. to have; /
答案：1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. 9. D 10. A 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. B
二、完形填空
As Christmas is coming, there are presents to be bought, cards to be sent, and rooms to be cleaned. Parents are __21__ with difficult jobs of hiding presents from curious young children. If the gifts are large, this is sometimes a real __22__.On Christmas Eve, young children find the excitement almost unbearable. They are torn between the wish to go to bed early so that Father Christmas will bring their presents quickly and the wish to __23__ up late so that they will not __24__ the fun. The wish for gifts usually proves stronger. But though children go to bed early, they often lie __25__ for a long time, hoping to get a short __26__ at Father Christmas.
Last Christmas, my wife and I __27__ hid a few large presents in the storeroom. I __28__ the moment when my son, Jimmy, would __29__ me where that new bike had come from, but __30__ he did not see it.
On Christmas Eve, __31__ took the children hours to go to sleep. It must have been nearly __32__ when my wife and I went quietly into their room and began __33__ stockings. Then I pushed in the __34__ I bought for Jimmy and left it beside the Christmas tree. We knew we would not get much sleep that night, for the children were __35__ to get up early. At about five o’clock the next morning, we were __36__ by loud sounds coming from the children’s room—they were shouting excitedly! __37__ I had time to get out of bed, young Jimmy came riding into the room on his new bike, and his sister, Mary, followed close behind pushing her new baby carriage.__38__ the baby arrived. He moved __39__ the hands and knees into the room dragging a large balloon behind him. Suddenly it burst. That woke us up __40__.The day had really begun with a band (巨响)!
21. A. faced
B. met
C. filled
D. pleased
22. A. question
B. matter
C. problem
D. business
23. A. get
B. stay
C. stand
D. wake
24. A. lose
B. break
C. miss
D. leave
25. A. awake
B. wake
C. asleep
D. sleep
26. A. look
B. stare
C. glare
D. watch
27. A. hopefully
B. busily
C. gladly
D. successfully
28. A. liked
B. feared
C. surprised
D. hated
29. A. answer
B. tell
C. ask
D. search
30. A. sadly
B. unluckily
C. possibly
D. fortunately
31. A. it
B. they
C. I
D. we
32. A. morning
B. midnight
C. evening
D. daybreak
33. A. filling
B. sewing
C. mending
D. preparing
34. A. present
B. stocking
C. bike
D. tree
35. A. going
B. sure
C. glad
D. excited
36. A. troubled
B. frightened
C. woken
D. shocked
37. A. Before
B. After
C. Until
D. Since
38. A. Even
B. And
C. Soon
D. Then
39. A. with
B. on
C. over
D. by
40. A. all
B. nearly
C. happily
D. completely
答案：21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. A 39. B 40. D
三、阅读理解
“Family” is of course an elastic word. But when British people say that their society is based on family life, they are thinking of “family” in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and children living together alone in their own house as an economic and social unit. Thus, every British marriage indicates the beginning of a new and independent family—hence the tremendous importance of marriage in British life. For both the man and the woman, marriage means leaving one’s parents and starting one’s own life. The man’s first duty will then be to his wife, and the wife’s to her husband. He will be entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for the running of the new home. Their children will be their common responsibility. Neither the wife’s parents nor the husband’s, nor their brothers or sisters, aunts or uncles, have any right to interfere with them—they are their own masters.
Readers of novels like Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice will know that in former time’s marriage among wealthy families were arranged by the girl’s parents, that is, it was the parents’ duty to find a suitable husband for their daughter, preferably a rich one, and by skillful encouragement to lead him eventually to ask their permission to marry their daughter. Until that time, the girl was protected and maintained in the parents’ home, and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry. It is very different today. Most girls of today get a job when they leave school and become financially independent before their marriage. This has had two results. A girl chooses her own husband, and she gets no dowry.
1. What does the author mean by “Family is of course an elastic word”?
A. Different families have different ways of life.
B. Different definitions could be given to the word.
C. Different nations have different families.
D. Different times produce different families.
2. For an English family, the husband’s duty is________.
A. running the family while the wife is financial support
B. defending the family while the wife is running the home
C. financial support while the wife is running the home
D. dependent while the wife is independent
3. Everything is decided in a family________.
A. by the couple
B. with the help of their parents
C. by brothers and sisters
D. with the help of aunts and uncles
4. What is TRUE concerning the book Pride and Prejudice?
A. It is the best book on marriage.
B. It is a handbook of marriage.
C. It gives some idea of English social life in the past.
D. It provides a lot of information of former time’s wealthy families.
答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C
At the recent O & P Extremity Games, I had the opportunity to observe a new generation of athletes with disabilities who were skateboarding and rock climbing. These young people really showed the promise of how rewarding physical activities are! We disabled can—and should be—as active as anyone else. When we get and stay active, we will feel better, be able to do more, have healthier bodies, and look better. It is a fact that exercise actually produces energy and builds on itself. The more we exercise, the fitter our bodies are, and thus the more energy we have to enjoy recreation and the pleasure of life.
Not everyone is cut out to be a competitive athlete, but there are things that we can do to strengthen our physical well-being. Experts recommend that spending as little as 30 minutes each day on physical activities provides benefits including lower risk of heart disease, cancer, high blood pressure, diabetes (糖尿病) and other serious diseases. Taking steps to become physically fit does not have to mean acquiring expensive training equipment or a gym membership. Exercise can include simple walking and running, gardening, cleaning the house, swimming, tennis, bicycling (stationary or on the road) and so on. The key is to do it on a regular basis.
Healthy lifestyles also require good nutritional habits. When choosing foods, nutritionists advise whole grains, flesh fruits and vegetables, fish, and lean (瘦的) cuts of poultry and meat. The benefits of drinking eight full glasses of water a day are also documented. Water provides the means for nutrients to travel to all our organs, improves skin tone (柔韧), regulates body temperature and contributes to muscle strength and control, which is confirmed by scientists.
Fitness results in completing the tasks of daily living, working a full day, and still having energy to participate in recreational activities. By being fit, you’ll find that you enjoy recreational activities even more because you won’t be tired or suffer from gore muscles.
It is time, folks, to get moving. So let’s all get out there and do some exercise!
1. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A. He wants to ask people to respect the disabled.
B. He intends to call on people to do some exercise.
C. He wants people to know the importance of exercise for the disabled.
D. He wants to explain what healthy lifestyles are.
2. According to the passage, physical activities bring benefits to humans EXCEPT________.
A. lower risk of heart disease
B. better muscle control
C. less chance of getting diabetes
D. less chance of having high blood pressure
3. The author is most probably a(n)________.
A. disabled man B. doctor
C. coach D. athlete
4. What do we learn from the passage?
A. Water can provide nutrients for us to improve skin tone.
B. Extreme sports have little to do with normal people.
C. One can enjoy recreation and the pleasure of life by doing extreme games.
D. We can have more energy to do things in our everyday life if we strengthen our physical well-being.
答案：1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D
四、书面表达
假设你是高二的学生李华，你发现同学们有抽烟的现象，现在，请你给他们写一封信，劝说他们戒烟。信中应包含下列要点：
1. 据统计，在中国吸烟者约占总人口的一半，而且烟民的年龄越来越年轻，甚至一些中学生也在抽烟。
2. 如今越来越多的人已经认识到吸烟有害身体健康，但他们仍然乐此不疲。一些人认为吸烟是一种时髦，另外一些人认为吸烟很有趣，还有一些人认为吸烟可以提神。
3. 吸烟能导致多种疾病，浪费金钱，还可能引发火灾。
4. 吸烟对人们的身体百害而无一利。它不仅有害吸烟者本人，而且对不吸烟者也会造成损害。
注意：1.不得逐条翻译，表达要意思连贯，语言清楚。
2. 词数100～120。信的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Boys and girls,
I find many of you have got into the habit of smoking. In fact, smoking is a bad habit.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考范文
Boys and girls,
I find many of you have got into the habit of smoking. In fact, smoking is a bad habit. It is said that about half of the people in China are smoking and the smokers are becoming younger and younger.
Nowadays more and more people have realized smoking can do harm to people’s health. However, some of them still enjoy smoking. Why？Because some think it is a kind of fashion, some think it is of great fun and others think that they can refresh themselves with cigarettes.
It can cause a lot of diseases. Meanwhile smoking is a waste of money. Besides, careless smokers may cause dangerous fires.
Smoking is harmful and it is not only bad for smokers themselves, but also bad for non-smokers around them.
Therefore, I hope you can give up smoking for yourselves and also for the people around you.
Yours,
Li Hua
