Unit4 Global warming-词汇篇
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掌握重点词汇的搭配及用法，能够正确完成基础类型题。
掌握重点句型的用法，会模仿句型进行写作。
重点单词讲解：
depend on/ upon+ n 依靠,依赖, 确(坚)信
You can’t depend on your parents forever.
depend on/upon+sb.+to do 指望某人做……
You can’t depend on him to come on time.
depend on/upon +it +that…. 指望…..
You may depend on it that he will come.
depend on/upon +wh-从句??
Whether you can pass the exam depends on how? hard you work.
That (all) depends./ it all depends. (口语)视情况而定，
I may help you. But that/ it depends.
light
1)n. 光,线,灯
2)v.照亮,点燃
He lit a match. 他划着了一根火柴。
A smile of triumph lit up her face. 她的脸上闪耀着胜利的微笑。
The match lights easily. 这火柴容易划着
3)adj
The suitcase is very light.（轻的）
There was a light rain falling.
He is a light sleeper. 他睡不沉。（易醒的）
heat v. / heat up 是某物变热或变暖
heated adj. 热的激烈的
heated debate, heated discussion
heatedly adv.愤怒地激昂地
heater加热器发热器
consume v.---- consumer?(n.).
消耗,花费;耗尽
She consumed most of her time in reading.
吃完,喝光
The kids soon consumed all the food on the table. 孩子们一会儿功夫便把桌上的食品全部吃光。
使全神贯注,使着迷+with
The boy was consumed with curiosity. 那男孩充满好奇心。
as … as one can = as … as possible
Please come here as soon as possible.= Please come here as soon as you can..
as many as 多达
as long as 长达,只要
as far as远至,就…而论
as well as 和…一样好,也,和
as early as 早在
trap vt. / n. 挡住圈套
Sand and leaves trapped the water in the stream.
They finally trapped the mouse in a cage.最后，他们用笼子把老鼠逮着了。
The police set a trap for the thieves.
She was trapped in the burning house.
compare
compare to/ with: 与…相比
Compared to/with many women, she was indeed very fortunate.
compare A with B：相比（不同）
If you compare her work with his, you will find hers is much better.
compare A to B：把A比作B
Poets have compared sleep to death.
A teacher's work is often compared to a candle.
The poet compares his lover to a rose in his poems.
come about:发生=happen(无被动）
This situation should never have come out.
How did it come about that he had his leg hurt?他的腿伤着了，这是怎么发生的？
This has not come about overnight.冰冻三尺，非一日之寒
Take place事件的发生有某种原因或事先的安排：The Olympic Games of 2008 took place in Beijing.
Happen 偶然或突发性事件： what happened to you?
I happened to see him on my way home= It happened that I saw him on my way home.
Occur 发生或想到，突然想起，意为发生时=happen: what has occurred?
I occurred to me that she didn’t know I had moved into the new house.
Come about 事情发生了， 但还不知道为什么。常用于否定和疑问
When mother woke up, she didn’t know what had come about.
Break out 常指战争灾难疾病争吵事件的发生
random 随意的胡乱的随机的/ randomly
at random 任意地随便地
phenomenon (sing.) phenomena (pl.)
the phenomena of nature自然现象
a social phenomenon 社会现象
Subscribe vi. Vt.
Subscribe to 同意赞同，支持订阅签名
I subscribe to your opinion completely.(同意赞同)
I subscribe to a weekly women’s magazine（订阅报纸杂志）
She subscribes to a society which helps to protect animals(定期捐款）
quantity
1) He likes reading and always buys books in quantity. 他喜欢阅读,总是成批地买书。
2) He prefers quality to quantity when food is concerned. 在吃的方面，他重质而不重量
3) A large quantity of air-conditioners has been sold since the temperature began to rise.
自从气温升高，大量的空调已经被卖出去了。
a large quantity of/large quantities of;大量的…，许多的…
in quantity;成批地，大量地
a large quantity of/large quantities of之后接可数或不可数名词。
注意:a large quantity of…作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。large quantities of…作主语，谓语动词都用复数
Tend- tendency
vt.照顾，护理
She is tending (to) a very sick patient. （她在护理一位重病人。）
There is a farmer tending his sheep.
vi. tend to易于，往往会；倾向于
When I’m tired, I tend to make mistakes.
He tends to get angry when people oppose his opinion.
result in 导致, 造成 =lead to
The accident resulted in three people being killed.
result from: 起因于，因为…?
mild
adj.
1) 温和的,温柔的
He is the mildest man alive. 他是世上最和善的人了。
2) 温暖的,暖和的
It's been a mild winter this year. 今年的冬天一直很暖和。
3) 味淡的,不浓烈的
Please make my drink a mild one. 请把我的酒调得淡一点。
4) 轻微的,不重的;宽大的
He was given a mild punishment. 他被从轻发落。
state-statement
The witness stated that she had never seen Mr. Smith陈述;声明;说明
Ice is the solid state of water .形态
In china, the railway are owned by the state.国家,政府
There are 50 states in America.
Everything was in a state of disorder.状态
The president has made an important statement about the matter.
range
1)排列, 将...排成行The cards were ranged in alphabetical order.
2 )(在一定范围内)变化
3) It’s beyond the range of my ability.
4) I came within my range of vision.
5) he has a wide range of knowledge.
beyond the range of超出…范围
within the range of在…范围内
range from A to B? 范围从A到B
even if /though
I wouldn't tell you even if I knew.
Even if she survives, she'll never fully recover.
Even though he's 24 now, he's still like a little child.
I can still remember, even though it was so long ago.
steady-steadily 平稳的，持续的，可靠地，稳固的
He has made a steady decision
There has been a steady increase in car production in the past 6 months.
Zhang Feng is a steady young man.
Please keep the ladder steady.
We?drove at a steady speed.
A steady job/income稳定的工作/收入
A steady worker可靠的工人
Steady rain连绵的雨
tendency倾向 趋势
She has artistic tendencies. 她有艺术气质。
There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.
Mary is nice but she has a tendency to talk too much.
有…倾向; +to/toward
He has a tendency towards pessimism. 他有悲观的倾向。
Bob has a tendency to exaggerate things. 鲍勃有爱夸张的倾向。
Trend? tendency? current:这些名词均含“趋势，倾向”之意。
trend: 指事物发展总的方向、倾向或趋势。A? recent trend in literature, fashion trend
tendency: 指固有或习得的倾向性，强调没有外来的影响或干扰。
current: 指向某一方面发展或在确趋向中行动
widespread 分布广的，普遍的
The forests are widespread in our country. ?我们的国家森林分布很广。
The new laws gained widespread acceptance.?
Their suggestion met with widespread disagreement普遍的
There was a widespread belief in his innocence
on the whole 总的来说；从总体上看
On the whole, he is a good boy.
The weather this month has been cold on the whole.
On the whole, I’m in favor of the idea.
The paper is well written on the whole.
average
above the average在一般 水平以上, 中上; 在平均数以上
below the average在一般水平以下, 中下; 在平均数以下
on average 平均, 按平均数计算; 一般地说
on an average 平均, 按平均数计算; 一般地说
重点短语：
1. come about 发生；造成
2. subscribe to 同意，赞成，订阅
3. go up 上升；增长；升起
4. be opposed to 反对……
5. keep on 继续
6. on the whole 大体上；基本上
7. on average 平均来看
below/above average 低于/高于平均水平
8. put up with 忍受；容忍
9. and so on 等等
10. quantities of 大量的
11. result in 导致
12. even if 甚至
13. on behalf of 代表……一方；作为……的代言人
14. so long as 只要
重点短语详解：
on behalf of代表……一方
My husband could not be here tonight, but l want to thank you on his behalf.
?We attended the global conference on behalf of our country.
The hero’s wife accepted the medal on behalf of her dead husband.
make a difference :有关系，有影响，有重要性
make no difference：没有关系，没有重要性
It won't make much difference whether you go today or tomorrow.
你今天去或明天去没有多大关系.
It make no difference if you light a lamp in the sunshine. 白天点灯多此一举。
put up with忍受;忍耐;受苦
We can’t put up with his endless complaint.
I'm afraid you'll have to put up with his bad temper.
That woman, as a housewife, has a lot to put up with.
Noise is coming to the point where we can’t put up with it.
相关短语：
put aside节省(钱、时间);储蓄;把……放在一边
put away收拾起来;储存(钱)
put back放回原处;拖延
put down写下;记下;控制
put forward提出(意见、建议);推荐
put off延期;推迟
put out熄灭; 扑灭
put up举起;张开(伞);张贴;为……提供食宿
Match the phrases with the correct meaning
so long as / as long as? 只要，如果
As long as you don't betray me, I'll do whatever you ask me to (do).
You can go out, as / so long as you promise to be back before 11 o'clock.
As long as you drive carefully, you will be very safe.
You may borrow this book so long as you promise to give it back.
I will stay as long as I can.
on condition that …在……的条件下
1）I will go abroad on condition that I earn enough money.?如果我挣到足够的钱，我就出国。
2）We will help you on condition that/as long as you can offer us the proper reason. 只要你能给我们合适的原因，我们就会帮助你。
重点句子讲解：
1. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.
毫无疑问，地球正在变暖。而地球变暖正是人类活动导致的，并非是一种无规律的自然现象。
名师指津：There is no doubt that...毫无疑问，that引导同位语从句。
例句仿写： 毫无疑问，收音机和电视机是信息交流的重要方式。
There is no doubt that radio and television are important means ofcommunication.
2. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.
即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在未来几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。
名师指津：even if即使；尽管，引导让步状语从句。
例句仿写：工程师们如此忙碌，以至于没时间做户外活动，即使他们对做户外活动很感兴趣。
The engineers are so busy that they have no time for outdoor sports activities, even if they have the interest.
It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not, turn it off!
只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！
名师指津：so long as＝as long as只要，引导条件状语从句。
例句仿写：只要我们不失去信心，继续努力，我们一定能克服困难，实现目标。
As long as we don’t lose heart and keep on trying, we are sure to get over difficulties, and achieve our aims.
They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.
他们还赞同正是由于越来越多燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。
名师指津：宾语从句中的强调句型。
例句仿写：我不知道是什么事情使他那么伤心。
I don’t know what it is that made him so upset.
(2014·宁波高三质检)—Would you like this gold necklace, Madam?
—It’s beautiful, but out of my price________.
A. control B. reach
C. aim D. range
(2014·浙江绍兴质检)—Do you ________to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy?
—Absolutely not. I think it is just on the rise.
A. appeal B. oppose
C. subscribe D. respond
(2014·安徽芜湖市模拟)—Oh, John, what shall I do? My boss dislikes me!
—Well, come on! Let’s ________your troubles and enjoy the party!
A. put away B. put off
C. put aside D. put out
(2014·陕西宝鸡质量检测)He will have to find some other work, for he can’t ________this loud noise any more.
A. put up with B. come up with
C. make up with D. keep up with
(2014·甘肃兰州、靖远模拟)True happiness does not ________the possession of money, but the joy of achievement.
A. contribute to B. lie in
C. result in D. add to
基础演练
一、语境填词
1. When I’m tired, I t________ to make mistakes.
2. Don’t throw waste paper at r________ or you will be punished to be on duty again.
3. By the sea I saw a wide r________ of seashells.
4. This company pays more attention to quality than to q________.
5. Most air pollution is caused by the burning of f________ like coal, gas and oil.
6. He gave a ________ (一瞥) at his watch and then looked at the sky.
7. I ________ (反对) your going there alone.
8. We are making slow but ________ (平稳的) progress in our English.
9. Recently we have seen a gradual ________ (倾向) towards healthier food.
10. The ______________ (结果) was that many people were overweight.
11. The ________ (平均的) age of the boys in this class is fifteen.
12. Computers are now in ______________ (普遍的) use.
13. I think a cold drink can ________ (使恢复) you after your long hot journey.
14. Such ________ (随便的) dress would not be correct for a formal occasion.
15. There is a growing ________ (趋势) for people to work at home instead of in offices.
16. The ________ (生长) of plants needs sunlight.
17. Young people have made a great ____________ (贡献) to China’s economic development.
18. Twenty-five thousand deaths per year are caused by air ________ (污染).
19. Many experts ________ (提倡) rewarding your child for good behaviour.
20. I know I can trust her in any ______________ (情况).
巩固提高
一、选词填空
1. During the discussion, many members ____________________ my proposal, which upset me greatly.
2. My father still ________________ drinking and smoking after the doctor told him to give up.
3. Can you tell me how the accident ________________?
4. Prices of fruit and vegetables have ________________ quickly during the past few months.
5. The heavy snow can easily ________________ many accidents in winter.
6. In order to improve his English, he ________________ China Daily.
7. The police found ________________ drugs under his bed and above his ceiling.
8. ________________ we could afford it, we wouldn’t go abroad for our vacation.
二、佳句翻译与仿写
1. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)毫无疑问, 小麦的价格将会上涨。
(2)我在他口袋里发现的是一枚钥匙。
________________________________________________________________________
2. All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)我们不同意我们已经失败的观点。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(2)他获得了奖学金的消息让我们都很吃惊。
The news ____________________________ surprised all of us.
3. Without the ‘greenhouse effect’, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)如果没有电, 今天的生活就会完全不同。
(2)没有你的帮助，我无论如何也不会成功。
4. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)即使受到邀请我也不去参加他的生日聚会。
______________________, I will not go to his birthday party.
(2)即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行。
We’ll make a trip ________________________________.
一、单项填空
1. The air inside is warm because the glass traps the heat from the sun and keeps it________.
A. escaping B. not to escape C. to escape D. from escaping
2. That probably does not seem much to you or me, but it is a rapid increase when________ to other natural changes.
A. compared B. comparing C. to compare D. compare
3. It is human activity that has caused this global warming________ a random but natural phenomenon.
A. more than B. other than C. rather than D. except for
4. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, ________ made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.
A. which B. what C. if D. who
5. All scientists________ the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil________ energy.
A. apply to; produce
B. correspond to; to produce
C. cater to; produce
D. subscribe to; to produce
6. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of________ is carbon dioxide.
A. that B. whom C. which D. these
7. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to________.
A. grow up B. go up C. build up D. bring up
8. It is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has________ this increase in carbon dioxide.
A. resulted in B. led in C. resulted from D. as a result
9. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are________ to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.
A. objected B. opposed C. supposed D. determined
10. ________ we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.
A. Even if B. As if C. Now that D. As long as
11. This restaurant has become popular for its wide ________of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A. division B. area C. range D. circle
12. We strongly________ your decision to go abroad at this time of danger. It is not a wise decision.
A. approve B. insist C. oppose D. appreciate
13. In________ of the heavy snow, there was a power off yesterday.
A. consequence B. result C. lack D. case
14. The price of houses keeps________, which results in many complaints.
A. going down B. going up C. going by D. going over
15. It’s already 10 o’clock. I wonder how it________ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up
16. The water level of the river has increased________ half a meter since it began to rain seven days ago.
A. on B. for C. in D. by
17. We don’t doubt________ we will complete all the projects before the year 2012.
A. that B. whether C. which D. when
18. —Why does the lake smell terrible?
—Because large quantities of water________.
A. have polluted B. is being polluted
C. has been polluted D. have been polluted
19. I don’t mind her criticizing me, but________ is how she does it that I object to.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
20. ________ she did not say a word, I felt her agreement from her eyes.
A. As though B. Even though C. So that D. No wonder
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项填空
1. Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000，a(n)________of 40,000 per year.
A. average B. number C. amount D. quantity
2. The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak________ him.
A. instead B. on behalf of C. in behalf D. represent
3. You can ask him again if you like, but it won’t________ any difference—he’ll still say no.
A. tell B. make C. feel D. find
4. She got separated from her husband because she couldn’t________ his bad temper.
A. keep up with B. put up with C. catch up with D. come up with
5. —How do you feel about your travel to Hainan?
—________, I enjoyed it very much, although the weather of some days was unpleasant.
A. In addition B. On the whole C. In other words D. On the other hand
6. Mr. Green is fond of rock music________ his wife enjoys folk music.
A. when B. as C. while D. if
7. Under no circumstances________ to move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isn’t convenient for her family and herself.
A. Karen will agree B. will Karen agree
C. Karen will disagree D. will Karen disagree
8. We all know that, ________, the situation will get worse.
A. not if dealt carefully with
B. if not dealt carefully with
C. if dealt not carefully with
D. not if carefully dealt with
9. —Our holiday cost a lot of money.
—Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter ________you enjoyed yourselves.
A. as long as B. unless C. as soon as D. though
10. —Let’s carry out the plan.
—________ We had better consider it carefully.
A. I really can’t agree with you.
B. A good idea.
C. Go ahead.
D. Why don’t?
二、完形填空
The ice sheets in the poles and glaciers on the high mountains are melting and the world is in danger of__1__.While you were surprised by the special__2__, you know that it is just a made-up story and there will be a hero to save the world. But what if the ice sheets are really__3__? Can anyone save us?
__4__to a scientific study last Monday, Arctic ice will completely__5__in the summers by the end of this century unless carbon dioxide emissions are greatly__6__.
“The big melt has begun, ” said Jennifer Morgan, from the Climate Change Campaign for the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). Arctic __7__are rising at twice the global__8__and could rise seven degrees centigrade by 2100.
The melting will cause sea levels to rise__9__one metre, forcing many coastal populations__10__.
“The polar bear is one__11__of an animal that could become extinct by the end of this century, ” the WWF said.__12__, on the positive side, rising sea levels__13__open up new areas for fishing and oil and gas exploration.
“Industrial countries are__14__an uncontrolled experiment to study the effects of__15__change.The Arctic is their first victim, ” Morgan said.
Russia this month__16__the Kyoto Protocol, an agreement to cut production of six greenhouse gases. But the US, the biggest polluter, __17__to do so. In 2002,104 countries, __18__China, accepted the agreement.
The new__19__was sponsored by a group of industrial countries, including the US and Canada, __20__produce almost 30 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions.
1. A. snowing
B. flooding
C. watering
D. raining
2. A. catastrophe
B. luck
C. movement
D. existence
3. A. smelling
B. smoking
C. cooking
D. melting
4. A. According
B. Looking forward
C. Used
D. Seeing
5. A. renew
B. manage
C. await
D. disappear
6. A. increased
B. reduced
C. died
D. raised
7. A. size
B. temperatures
C. length
D. weight
8. A. special
B. normal
C. average
D. abstract
9. A. by
B. on
C. in
D. to
10. A. to be moved
B. move
C. to move
D. moved
11. A. pattern
B. modal
C. style
D. example
12. A. But
B. And
C. So
D. Or
13. A. should
B. will
C. may
D. ought to
14. A. carrying forward
B. carrying out
C. carrying on
D. carrying about
15. A.sky
B. weather
C. climate
D. atmosphere
16. A. accepted
B. received
C. got
D. pushed
17. A. agreed
B. refused
C. decided
D. wanted
18. A. as well
B. except
C. without
D. including
19. A. study
B. learning
C. knowledge
D. understanding
20. A. where
B. when
C. how
D. who
三、阅读理解
Bangkok, Thailand’s capital turned the lights out on Wednesday in an effort to raise awareness of global warming, with six Bangkok neighborhoods joining into partial darkness for 15 minutes. Officials ranged two million of the city’s residents to join in switching off non-essential lights at 7:00 p. m.(12:00 GMT) to alert Thais to the ill-effects of climate change.
At downtown shopping mall Central World Plaza, Thais put away their credit cards for a moment to consider their energy consumption, as lights dimmed.“I waste a lot of energy at home, for example, I turn my television on while spending two hours on the Internet, ” said an 18-year-old student.“From now on, I will turn off the TV.”
There was only partial darkness in Bangkok’s central shopping district, with some malls and hotels ignoring the request, but it was enough to make business owner Somas Thanyatote think about his energy habits.
“I will turn off the air conditioner and use the electric fan or open the windows instead, ” the 58-year-old told AFP.
“Street lights and other security-related lighting remained on and there will also be more police on duty in case that crimes increased.” Governor Apirak Kosayedhin said.
Bangkok, a city with a population of 12 million, spews more than 26 million tons of carbon dioxide into the air each year, or nearly 20 percent of Thailand’s total CO2 emissions.
Bangkok’s lights-out campaign included a public screening in a downtown shopping district of the Oscar-winning documentary “An Inconvenient Truth” by former US vice-president Al Gore.
Australian city Sydney held a similar exercise in April, with a one-hour blackout observed by 65,000 homes and 2,000 businesses, which organisers estimated cut normal energy use by 10 percent.
1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. A Power Failure in Bangkok
B. Bangkok’s Campaign to Remind Its Residents of Global Warming
C. People’s Attitudes toward Global Warming
D. Carbon Dioxide—the Major Factor of Global Warming
2. How many tons are the total CO2 emissions of Thailand?
A. 12 million tons. B. 26 million tons.
C. 60 million tons. D. 130 million tons.
3. From the passage we can infer that________.
A. all the people in Bangkok would use the electric fan or open the windows instead of air conditioners to save energy
B. the campaign in Bangkok also raised awareness of Sydney’s residents
C. not all the residents were in favor of the campaign
D. there were 6 cities taking part in the campaign that took place in Thailand
4. Which action of the following was not taken by Bangkok government?
A. People would be fined if they didn’t switch off their lights.
B. Extra police were on duty for fear that more crimes increased.
C. 2,000,000 of the city’s residents were requested to join in switching off non-essential lights.
D. A public screening was set up in public to make people enjoy a film by a former US vice-president.
Premier Wen Jiabao has called it a prime job to maintain a stable and relatively fast economic development and take more direct, powerful and effective measures to carry out central policies on increasing domestic demands and promoting economic growth.
During an inspection tour in southwest China’s Chongqing Municipality from Dec.21 to 22, Wen visited a number of local factories, communities, villages and worksites.
In a visit to the reservoir worksite, Wen was told that Chongqing plans to invest 40 billion yuan ($5.88 billion)in water conservation projects in the coming five years as part of its efforts to increase domestic demands and improve the quality of life.“We must make good use of every coin of the people, ” he said.
At a workshop of the Chang’ an Group, the premier showed great concerns over the negative impacts of the global financial crisis on the city’s automobile industry.
The company’s car sales have been declining since November. It is expected to further decrease in the first quarter of next year, said the company’s president Xu Liuping.
Wen said that the difficulties in the country’s automobile industry are temporary, because “China has a huge market.”
Wen urged the company to depend on innovation and reform while improving quality and decreasing the cost.“Company leaders must be bold to shoulder responsibilities and the staff should unite as one, to get over the difficulties together, ” he said.
On Monday morning, the premier paid a visit to communal social security center to learn about the life of low-income families.“The more financially challenged we are, the greater attention we should pay to those in need, ” he stressed.
At the home of 76-year-old Ren Guoqing, the premier said the government had decided to continue increasing the pension of retirees, as well as the subsidies for low-income families and other families who receive government subsidies.
During his tour in the city, Wen paid an unplanned visit to Chongqing University, where he met thousands of students and encouraged them to be confident in the difficult times.
1. The most important job, according to premier Wen Jiabao, is ________.
A. getting over the current financial difficulties
B. speeding up reform and development in China
C. maintaining a stable and relatively fast economic development
D. increasing the pension of retirees
2. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Chongqing has invested 40 billion yuan in water conservation projects.
B. Automobile industry in Chongqing is expected to further increase in the next year.
C. It is the government that is responsible for overcoming the financial difficulties.
D. The financial crisis has influenced the automobile industry in Chongqing.
3. During his inspection tour, Premier Wen visited the places as planned except ________.
A. local factories B. worksites
C. Chongqing University D. communities
4. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “temporary” in Paragraph 6?
A. Lasting. B. Short.
C. Considerable. D. Promising.
Moscow (RIA Novosti)—Dutch architect Erick van Egeraat has designed a Russia-shaped island to be created in the Black Sea near Sochi by 2014, when the city will host the Winter Olympics.
At an investment forum in Sochi on September 21st, Erick van Egeraat presented an architectural design of his project, Federation Island. It gets its name from the planned shape of the coastline, which will resemble Russia’s boundaries.
According to the plans, the 250-hectare island, to cost about 155 billion rubles (over$6 billion), will have two marinas (码头), religious centers, roads, parkland and artificial rivers, mimicking (模仿)Russia’s major rivers. The island will be conveniently located 13 km from the airport and 14 km from the railroad terminal in the resort city. It’s planned to be built in 2008～2013.Designed as a private project, the island has attracted Russian officials’ attention at the forum. The acting economics minister, German Gref, mentioned it in his speech, quoting its cost at about $10 billion.
Van Egeraat, who’s also carrying out or planning a series of other projects in Russia, said a consortium(财团)of Russian and foreign companies had been created to build the island, which is similar to artificial islands that have been built in the United Arab Emirates. Palm Islands, the world’s three largest artificial islands, are being built in the Persian Gulf to encourage tourism near Dubai, and will add 520 km of beaches to the city.
The investment forum in Sochi last week was focused on future investment in the development of Sochi’s infrastructure (基础设施)up to 2020, and the construction of sports facilities ahead of the Winter Olympic Games.
1. According to the passage, Federation Island ________.
A. will only be built by Russian companies
B. is designed for the 2014 Summer Olympics
C. will be convenient for tourists to visit
D. will take workers about ten years to build
2. The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A. the coastline of Russia
B. Russia’s boundaries
C. Federation Island
D. an investment forum
3. What does the underlined word “rubles” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The length of the coastline.
B. The length of the rivers.
C. The contents in Federation Island.
D. The Russian money unit.
4. Most probably the construction of Federation Island will ________.
A. promote Sochi’s local development
B. meet unimaginable difficulties
C. not gain the government’s approval
D. be in the charge of German Gref
Unit4 Global warming-词汇篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握重点词汇的搭配及用法，能够正确完成基础类型题。
掌握重点句型的用法，会模仿句型进行写作。
重点单词讲解：
depend on/ upon+ n 依靠,依赖, 确(坚)信
You can’t depend on your parents forever.
depend on/upon+sb.+to do 指望某人做……
You can’t depend on him to come on time.
depend on/upon +it +that…. 指望…..
You may depend on it that he will come.
depend on/upon +wh-从句??
Whether you can pass the exam depends on how? hard you work.
That (all) depends./ it all depends. (口语)视情况而定，
I may help you. But that/ it depends.
light
1)n. 光,线,灯
2)v.照亮,点燃
He lit a match. 他划着了一根火柴。
A smile of triumph lit up her face. 她的脸上闪耀着胜利的微笑。
The match lights easily. 这火柴容易划着
3)adj
The suitcase is very light.（轻的）
There was a light rain falling.
He is a light sleeper. 他睡不沉。（易醒的）
heat v. / heat up 是某物变热或变暖
heated adj. 热的激烈的
heated debate, heated discussion
heatedly adv.愤怒地激昂地
heater加热器发热器
consume v.---- consumer?(n.).
消耗,花费;耗尽
She consumed most of her time in reading.
吃完,喝光
The kids soon consumed all the food on the table. 孩子们一会儿功夫便把桌上的食品全部吃光。
使全神贯注,使着迷+with
The boy was consumed with curiosity. 那男孩充满好奇心。
as … as one can = as … as possible
Please come here as soon as possible.= Please come here as soon as you can..
as many as 多达
as long as 长达,只要
as far as远至,就…而论
as well as 和…一样好,也,和
as early as 早在
trap vt. / n. 挡住圈套
Sand and leaves trapped the water in the stream.
They finally trapped the mouse in a cage.最后，他们用笼子把老鼠逮着了。
The police set a trap for the thieves.
She was trapped in the burning house.
compare
compare to/ with: 与…相比
Compared to/with many women, she was indeed very fortunate.
compare A with B：相比（不同）
If you compare her work with his, you will find hers is much better.
compare A to B：把A比作B
Poets have compared sleep to death.
A teacher's work is often compared to a candle.
The poet compares his lover to a rose in his poems.
come about:发生=happen(无被动）
This situation should never have come out.
How did it come about that he had his leg hurt?他的腿伤着了，这是怎么发生的？
This has not come about overnight.冰冻三尺，非一日之寒
Take place事件的发生有某种原因或事先的安排：The Olympic Games of 2008 took place in Beijing.
Happen 偶然或突发性事件： what happened to you?
I happened to see him on my way home= It happened that I saw him on my way home.
Occur 发生或想到，突然想起，意为发生时=happen: what has occurred?
I occurred to me that she didn’t know I had moved into the new house.
Come about 事情发生了， 但还不知道为什么。常用于否定和疑问
When mother woke up, she didn’t know what had come about.
Break out 常指战争灾难疾病争吵事件的发生
random 随意的胡乱的随机的/ randomly
at random 任意地随便地
phenomenon (sing.) phenomena (pl.)
the phenomena of nature自然现象
a social phenomenon 社会现象
Subscribe vi. Vt.
Subscribe to 同意赞同，支持订阅签名
I subscribe to your opinion completely.(同意赞同)
I subscribe to a weekly women’s magazine（订阅报纸杂志）
She subscribes to a society which helps to protect animals(定期捐款）
quantity
1) He likes reading and always buys books in quantity. 他喜欢阅读,总是成批地买书。
2) He prefers quality to quantity when food is concerned. 在吃的方面，他重质而不重量
3) A large quantity of air-conditioners has been sold since the temperature began to rise.
自从气温升高，大量的空调已经被卖出去了。
a large quantity of/large quantities of;大量的…，许多的…
in quantity;成批地，大量地
a large quantity of/large quantities of之后接可数或不可数名词。
注意:a large quantity of…作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。large quantities of…作主语，谓语动词都用复数
Tend- tendency
vt.照顾，护理
She is tending (to) a very sick patient. （她在护理一位重病人。）
There is a farmer tending his sheep.
vi. tend to易于，往往会；倾向于
When I’m tired, I tend to make mistakes.
He tends to get angry when people oppose his opinion.
result in 导致, 造成 =lead to
The accident resulted in three people being killed.
result from: 起因于，因为…?
mild
adj.
1) 温和的,温柔的
He is the mildest man alive. 他是世上最和善的人了。
2) 温暖的,暖和的
It's been a mild winter this year. 今年的冬天一直很暖和。
3) 味淡的,不浓烈的
Please make my drink a mild one. 请把我的酒调得淡一点。
4) 轻微的,不重的;宽大的
He was given a mild punishment. 他被从轻发落。
state-statement
The witness stated that she had never seen Mr. Smith陈述;声明;说明
Ice is the solid state of water .形态
In china, the railway are owned by the state.国家,政府
There are 50 states in America.
Everything was in a state of disorder.状态
The president has made an important statement about the matter.
range
1)排列, 将...排成行The cards were ranged in alphabetical order.
2 )(在一定范围内)变化
3) It’s beyond the range of my ability.
4) I came within my range of vision.
5) he has a wide range of knowledge.
beyond the range of超出…范围
within the range of在…范围内
range from A to B? 范围从A到B
even if /though
I wouldn't tell you even if I knew.
Even if she survives, she'll never fully recover.
Even though he's 24 now, he's still like a little child.
I can still remember, even though it was so long ago.
steady-steadily 平稳的，持续的，可靠地，稳固的
He has made a steady decision
There has been a steady increase in car production in the past 6 months.
Zhang Feng is a steady young man.
Please keep the ladder steady.
We?drove at a steady speed.
A steady job/income稳定的工作/收入
A steady worker可靠的工人
Steady rain连绵的雨
tendency倾向 趋势
She has artistic tendencies. 她有艺术气质。
There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.
Mary is nice but she has a tendency to talk too much.
有…倾向; +to/toward
He has a tendency towards pessimism. 他有悲观的倾向。
Bob has a tendency to exaggerate things. 鲍勃有爱夸张的倾向。
Trend? tendency? current:这些名词均含“趋势，倾向”之意。
trend: 指事物发展总的方向、倾向或趋势。A? recent trend in literature, fashion trend
tendency: 指固有或习得的倾向性，强调没有外来的影响或干扰。
current: 指向某一方面发展或在确趋向中行动
widespread 分布广的，普遍的
The forests are widespread in our country. ?我们的国家森林分布很广。
The new laws gained widespread acceptance.?
Their suggestion met with widespread disagreement普遍的
There was a widespread belief in his innocence
on the whole 总的来说；从总体上看
On the whole, he is a good boy.
The weather this month has been cold on the whole.
On the whole, I’m in favor of the idea.
The paper is well written on the whole.
average
above the average在一般 水平以上, 中上; 在平均数以上
below the average在一般水平以下, 中下; 在平均数以下
on average 平均, 按平均数计算; 一般地说
on an average 平均, 按平均数计算; 一般地说
重点短语：
1. come about 发生；造成
2. subscribe to 同意，赞成，订阅
3. go up 上升；增长；升起
4. be opposed to 反对……
5. keep on 继续
6. on the whole 大体上；基本上
7. on average 平均来看
below/above average 低于/高于平均水平
8. put up with 忍受；容忍
9. and so on 等等
10. quantities of 大量的
11. result in 导致
12. even if 甚至
13. on behalf of 代表……一方；作为……的代言人
14. so long as 只要
重点短语详解：
on behalf of代表……一方
My husband could not be here tonight, but l want to thank you on his behalf.
?We attended the global conference on behalf of our country.
The hero’s wife accepted the medal on behalf of her dead husband.
make a difference :有关系，有影响，有重要性
make no difference：没有关系，没有重要性
It won't make much difference whether you go today or tomorrow.
你今天去或明天去没有多大关系.
It make no difference if you light a lamp in the sunshine. 白天点灯多此一举。
put up with忍受;忍耐;受苦
We can’t put up with his endless complaint.
I'm afraid you'll have to put up with his bad temper.
That woman, as a housewife, has a lot to put up with.
Noise is coming to the point where we can’t put up with it.
相关短语：
put aside节省(钱、时间);储蓄;把……放在一边
put away收拾起来;储存(钱)
put back放回原处;拖延
put down写下;记下;控制
put forward提出(意见、建议);推荐
put off延期;推迟
put out熄灭; 扑灭
put up举起;张开(伞);张贴;为……提供食宿
Match the phrases with the correct meaning
so long as / as long as? 只要，如果
As long as you don't betray me, I'll do whatever you ask me to (do).
You can go out, as / so long as you promise to be back before 11 o'clock.
As long as you drive carefully, you will be very safe.
You may borrow this book so long as you promise to give it back.
I will stay as long as I can.
on condition that …在……的条件下
1）I will go abroad on condition that I earn enough money.?如果我挣到足够的钱，我就出国。
2）We will help you on condition that/as long as you can offer us the proper reason. 只要你能给我们合适的原因，我们就会帮助你。
重点句子讲解：
1. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.
毫无疑问，地球正在变暖。而地球变暖正是人类活动导致的，并非是一种无规律的自然现象。
名师指津：There is no doubt that...毫无疑问，that引导同位语从句。
例句仿写： 毫无疑问，收音机和电视机是信息交流的重要方式。
There is no doubt that radio and television are important means ofcommunication.
2. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.
即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在未来几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。
名师指津：even if即使；尽管，引导让步状语从句。
例句仿写：工程师们如此忙碌，以至于没时间做户外活动，即使他们对做户外活动很感兴趣。
The engineers are so busy that they have no time for outdoor sports activities, even if they have the interest.
It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not, turn it off!
只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！
名师指津：so long as＝as long as只要，引导条件状语从句。
例句仿写：只要我们不失去信心，继续努力，我们一定能克服困难，实现目标。
As long as we don’t lose heart and keep on trying, we are sure to get over difficulties, and achieve our aims.
They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.
他们还赞同正是由于越来越多燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。
名师指津：宾语从句中的强调句型。
例句仿写：我不知道是什么事情使他那么伤心。
I don’t know what it is that made him so upset.
(2014·宁波高三质检)—Would you like this gold necklace, Madam?
—It’s beautiful, but out of my price________.
A. control B. reach
C. aim D. range
解析：考查名词词义。句意为：——你喜欢这条金项链吗，女士？——它很漂亮，但是我买不起。out of one’s price range超出某人能承受的价格范围，与句意相符。
答案：D
(2014·浙江绍兴质检)—Do you ________to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy?
—Absolutely not. I think it is just on the rise.
A. appeal B. oppose
C. subscribe D. respond
解析：句意为：——你同意她关于经济状况的悲观看法吗？——完全不。我认为经济在回升。subscribe to同意；appeal to吸引，呼吁，求助于；oppose to反对；respond to对……做出回应。根据答语可知C项正确。
答案：C
(2014·安徽芜湖市模拟)—Oh, John, what shall I do? My boss dislikes me!
—Well, come on! Let’s ________your troubles and enjoy the party!
A. put away B. put off
C. put aside D. put out
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：—— John，我该怎么办？我的老板不喜欢我！——别这样，把你的烦恼先放一边(put aside)，好好享受聚会时间。put away放好，储存；put off推迟；put out熄灭，出版，均不符合语境，故答案选C。
答案：C
(2014·陕西宝鸡质量检测)He will have to find some other work, for he can’t ________this loud noise any more.
A. put up with B. come up with
C. make up with D. keep up with
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：他将不得不再找别的工作，因为他再也不能忍受这么大的噪音。put up with忍受，忍耐；come up with提出，想出；make up with和好，和解；keep up with和(朋友)保持联系。
答案：A
(2014·甘肃兰州、靖远模拟)True happiness does not ________the possession of money, but the joy of achievement.
A. contribute to B. lie in
C. result in D. add to
解析：考查动词短语。句意为：真正的幸福不在于对金钱的占有，而在于成功的喜悦。根据句意应选lie in，表示“在于”。A项“有助于，促成”；C项“导致”；D项“增加”。
答案：B
基础演练
一、语境填词
1. When I’m tired, I t________ to make mistakes.
2. Don’t throw waste paper at r________ or you will be punished to be on duty again.
3. By the sea I saw a wide r________ of seashells.
4. This company pays more attention to quality than to q________.
5. Most air pollution is caused by the burning of f________ like coal, gas and oil.
6. He gave a ________ (一瞥) at his watch and then looked at the sky.
7. I ________ (反对) your going there alone.
8. We are making slow but ________ (平稳的) progress in our English.
9. Recently we have seen a gradual ________ (倾向) towards healthier food.
10. The ______________ (结果) was that many people were overweight.
11. The ________ (平均的) age of the boys in this class is fifteen.
12. Computers are now in ______________ (普遍的) use.
13. I think a cold drink can ________ (使恢复) you after your long hot journey.
14. Such ________ (随便的) dress would not be correct for a formal occasion.
15. There is a growing ________ (趋势) for people to work at home instead of in offices.
16. The ________ (生长) of plants needs sunlight.
17. Young people have made a great ____________ (贡献) to China’s economic development.
18. Twenty-five thousand deaths per year are caused by air ________ (污染).
19. Many experts ________ (提倡) rewarding your child for good behaviour.
20. I know I can trust her in any ______________ (情况).
答案：1.tend 2.random 3.range 4.quantity 5.fuels 6. glance 7.oppose 8.steady 9.trend
10. consequence 11.average 12.widespread 13.refresh 14.casual 15. tendency 16.growth 17.contribution 18.pollution 19. advocate 20.circumstances
巩固提高
一、选词填空
1. During the discussion, many members ____________________ my proposal, which upset me greatly.
2. My father still ________________ drinking and smoking after the doctor told him to give up.
3. Can you tell me how the accident ________________?
4. Prices of fruit and vegetables have ________________ quickly during the past few months.
5. The heavy snow can easily ________________ many accidents in winter.
6. In order to improve his English, he ________________ China Daily.
7. The police found ________________ drugs under his bed and above his ceiling.
8. ________________ we could afford it, we wouldn’t go abroad for our vacation.
答案：1. were opposed to 2. kept on 3. came about 4. gone up 5. result in 6. subscribed to
7. quantities of 8. Even if
二、佳句翻译与仿写
1. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)毫无疑问, 小麦的价格将会上涨。
(2)我在他口袋里发现的是一枚钥匙。
________________________________________________________________________
2. All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)我们不同意我们已经失败的观点。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(2)他获得了奖学金的消息让我们都很吃惊。
The news ____________________________ surprised all of us.
3. Without the ‘greenhouse effect’, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)如果没有电, 今天的生活就会完全不同。
(2)没有你的帮助，我无论如何也不会成功。
4. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)即使受到邀请我也不去参加他的生日聚会。
______________________, I will not go to his birthday party.
(2)即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行。
We’ll make a trip ________________________________.
答案：
1.毫无疑问，地球是在变暖，而且全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。
(1)There is no doubt that the price of wheat will go up.
(2)It was a key that I found in his pocket.
2. 所有的科学家赞同这种观点：人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料(如煤、天然气和石油等)，从而引起了地球温度的升高。
(1)We don’t subscribe to the view that we have failed.
(2)that he won a scholarship
3. 如果没有这种‘温室效应’，地球的温度将比现在的温度还要低33摄氏度左右。
(1)Without electricity, life would be quite different today.
(2)Without your help, I wouldn’t have succeeded anyway.
4. 即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在未来的几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。
(1)Even if (I am) invited
(2)even if the weather is bad
一、单项填空
1. The air inside is warm because the glass traps the heat from the sun and keeps it________.
A. escaping B. not to escape C. to escape D. from escaping
2. That probably does not seem much to you or me, but it is a rapid increase when________ to other natural changes.
A. compared B. comparing C. to compare D. compare
3. It is human activity that has caused this global warming________ a random but natural phenomenon.
A. more than B. other than C. rather than D. except for
4. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, ________ made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.
A. which B. what C. if D. who
5. All scientists________ the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil________ energy.
A. apply to; produce
B. correspond to; to produce
C. cater to; produce
D. subscribe to; to produce
6. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of________ is carbon dioxide.
A. that B. whom C. which D. these
7. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to________.
A. grow up B. go up C. build up D. bring up
8. It is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has________ this increase in carbon dioxide.
A. resulted in B. led in C. resulted from D. as a result
9. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are________ to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.
A. objected B. opposed C. supposed D. determined
10. ________ we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.
A. Even if B. As if C. Now that D. As long as
11. This restaurant has become popular for its wide ________of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A. division B. area C. range D. circle
12. We strongly________ your decision to go abroad at this time of danger. It is not a wise decision.
A. approve B. insist C. oppose D. appreciate
13. In________ of the heavy snow, there was a power off yesterday.
A. consequence B. result C. lack D. case
14. The price of houses keeps________, which results in many complaints.
A. going down B. going up C. going by D. going over
15. It’s already 10 o’clock. I wonder how it________ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up
16. The water level of the river has increased________ half a meter since it began to rain seven days ago.
A. on B. for C. in D. by
17. We don’t doubt________ we will complete all the projects before the year 2012.
A. that B. whether C. which D. when
18. —Why does the lake smell terrible?
—Because large quantities of water________.
A. have polluted B. is being polluted
C. has been polluted D. have been polluted
19. I don’t mind her criticizing me, but________ is how she does it that I object to.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
20. ________ she did not say a word, I felt her agreement from her eyes.
A. As though B. Even though C. So that D. No wonder
答案：1.D 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. A 11.C 12. C 13. A 14. B
15. C 16. D 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. B
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项填空
1. Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000，a(n)________of 40,000 per year.
A. average B. number C. amount D. quantity
2. The president can’t be here today, so I’m going to speak________ him.
A. instead B. on behalf of C. in behalf D. represent
3. You can ask him again if you like, but it won’t________ any difference—he’ll still say no.
A. tell B. make C. feel D. find
4. She got separated from her husband because she couldn’t________ his bad temper.
A. keep up with B. put up with C. catch up with D. come up with
5. —How do you feel about your travel to Hainan?
—________, I enjoyed it very much, although the weather of some days was unpleasant.
A. In addition B. On the whole C. In other words D. On the other hand
6. Mr. Green is fond of rock music________ his wife enjoys folk music.
A. when B. as C. while D. if
7. Under no circumstances________ to move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isn’t convenient for her family and herself.
A. Karen will agree B. will Karen agree
C. Karen will disagree D. will Karen disagree
8. We all know that, ________, the situation will get worse.
A. not if dealt carefully with
B. if not dealt carefully with
C. if dealt not carefully with
D. not if carefully dealt with
9. —Our holiday cost a lot of money.
—Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter ________you enjoyed yourselves.
A. as long as B. unless C. as soon as D. though
10. —Let’s carry out the plan.
—________ We had better consider it carefully.
A. I really can’t agree with you.
B. A good idea.
C. Go ahead.
D. Why don’t?
答案：1.A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. A
二、完形填空
The ice sheets in the poles and glaciers on the high mountains are melting and the world is in danger of__1__.While you were surprised by the special__2__, you know that it is just a made-up story and there will be a hero to save the world. But what if the ice sheets are really__3__? Can anyone save us?
__4__to a scientific study last Monday, Arctic ice will completely__5__in the summers by the end of this century unless carbon dioxide emissions are greatly__6__.
“The big melt has begun, ” said Jennifer Morgan, from the Climate Change Campaign for the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). Arctic __7__are rising at twice the global__8__and could rise seven degrees centigrade by 2100.
The melting will cause sea levels to rise__9__one metre, forcing many coastal populations__10__.
“The polar bear is one__11__of an animal that could become extinct by the end of this century, ” the WWF said.__12__, on the positive side, rising sea levels__13__open up new areas for fishing and oil and gas exploration.
“Industrial countries are__14__an uncontrolled experiment to study the effects of__15__change.The Arctic is their first victim, ” Morgan said.
Russia this month__16__the Kyoto Protocol, an agreement to cut production of six greenhouse gases. But the US, the biggest polluter, __17__to do so. In 2002,104 countries, __18__China, accepted the agreement.
The new__19__was sponsored by a group of industrial countries, including the US and Canada, __20__produce almost 30 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions.
1. A. snowing
B. flooding
C. watering
D. raining
2. A. catastrophe
B. luck
C. movement
D. existence
3. A. smelling
B. smoking
C. cooking
D. melting
4. A. According
B. Looking forward
C. Used
D. Seeing
5. A. renew
B. manage
C. await
D. disappear
6. A. increased
B. reduced
C. died
D. raised
7. A. size
B. temperatures
C. length
D. weight
8. A. special
B. normal
C. average
D. abstract
9. A. by
B. on
C. in
D. to
10. A. to be moved
B. move
C. to move
D. moved
11. A. pattern
B. modal
C. style
D. example
12. A. But
B. And
C. So
D. Or
13. A. should
B. will
C. may
D. ought to
14. A. carrying forward
B. carrying out
C. carrying on
D. carrying about
15. A.sky
B. weather
C. climate
D. atmosphere
16. A. accepted
B. received
C. got
D. pushed
17. A. agreed
B. refused
C. decided
D. wanted
18. A. as well
B. except
C. without
D. including
19. A. study
B. learning
C. knowledge
D. understanding
20. A. where
B. when
C. how
D. who
答案：1.B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. D
三、阅读理解
Bangkok, Thailand’s capital turned the lights out on Wednesday in an effort to raise awareness of global warming, with six Bangkok neighborhoods joining into partial darkness for 15 minutes. Officials ranged two million of the city’s residents to join in switching off non-essential lights at 7:00 p. m.(12:00 GMT) to alert Thais to the ill-effects of climate change.
At downtown shopping mall Central World Plaza, Thais put away their credit cards for a moment to consider their energy consumption, as lights dimmed.“I waste a lot of energy at home, for example, I turn my television on while spending two hours on the Internet, ” said an 18-year-old student.“From now on, I will turn off the TV.”
There was only partial darkness in Bangkok’s central shopping district, with some malls and hotels ignoring the request, but it was enough to make business owner Somas Thanyatote think about his energy habits.
“I will turn off the air conditioner and use the electric fan or open the windows instead, ” the 58-year-old told AFP.
“Street lights and other security-related lighting remained on and there will also be more police on duty in case that crimes increased.” Governor Apirak Kosayedhin said.
Bangkok, a city with a population of 12 million, spews more than 26 million tons of carbon dioxide into the air each year, or nearly 20 percent of Thailand’s total CO2 emissions.
Bangkok’s lights-out campaign included a public screening in a downtown shopping district of the Oscar-winning documentary “An Inconvenient Truth” by former US vice-president Al Gore.
Australian city Sydney held a similar exercise in April, with a one-hour blackout observed by 65,000 homes and 2,000 businesses, which organisers estimated cut normal energy use by 10 percent.
1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. A Power Failure in Bangkok
B. Bangkok’s Campaign to Remind Its Residents of Global Warming
C. People’s Attitudes toward Global Warming
D. Carbon Dioxide—the Major Factor of Global Warming
2. How many tons are the total CO2 emissions of Thailand?
A. 12 million tons. B. 26 million tons.
C. 60 million tons. D. 130 million tons.
3. From the passage we can infer that________.
A. all the people in Bangkok would use the electric fan or open the windows instead of air conditioners to save energy
B. the campaign in Bangkok also raised awareness of Sydney’s residents
C. not all the residents were in favor of the campaign
D. there were 6 cities taking part in the campaign that took place in Thailand
4. Which action of the following was not taken by Bangkok government?
A. People would be fined if they didn’t switch off their lights.
B. Extra police were on duty for fear that more crimes increased.
C. 2,000,000 of the city’s residents were requested to join in switching off non-essential lights.
D. A public screening was set up in public to make people enjoy a film by a former US vice-president.
答案：1.B 2. D 3. C 4. A
Premier Wen Jiabao has called it a prime job to maintain a stable and relatively fast economic development and take more direct, powerful and effective measures to carry out central policies on increasing domestic demands and promoting economic growth.
During an inspection tour in southwest China’s Chongqing Municipality from Dec.21 to 22, Wen visited a number of local factories, communities, villages and worksites.
In a visit to the reservoir worksite, Wen was told that Chongqing plans to invest 40 billion yuan ($5.88 billion)in water conservation projects in the coming five years as part of its efforts to increase domestic demands and improve the quality of life.“We must make good use of every coin of the people, ” he said.
At a workshop of the Chang’ an Group, the premier showed great concerns over the negative impacts of the global financial crisis on the city’s automobile industry.
The company’s car sales have been declining since November. It is expected to further decrease in the first quarter of next year, said the company’s president Xu Liuping.
Wen said that the difficulties in the country’s automobile industry are temporary, because “China has a huge market.”
Wen urged the company to depend on innovation and reform while improving quality and decreasing the cost.“Company leaders must be bold to shoulder responsibilities and the staff should unite as one, to get over the difficulties together, ” he said.
On Monday morning, the premier paid a visit to communal social security center to learn about the life of low-income families.“The more financially challenged we are, the greater attention we should pay to those in need, ” he stressed.
At the home of 76-year-old Ren Guoqing, the premier said the government had decided to continue increasing the pension of retirees, as well as the subsidies for low-income families and other families who receive government subsidies.
During his tour in the city, Wen paid an unplanned visit to Chongqing University, where he met thousands of students and encouraged them to be confident in the difficult times.
1. The most important job, according to premier Wen Jiabao, is ________.
A. getting over the current financial difficulties
B. speeding up reform and development in China
C. maintaining a stable and relatively fast economic development
D. increasing the pension of retirees
2. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Chongqing has invested 40 billion yuan in water conservation projects.
B. Automobile industry in Chongqing is expected to further increase in the next year.
C. It is the government that is responsible for overcoming the financial difficulties.
D. The financial crisis has influenced the automobile industry in Chongqing.
3. During his inspection tour, Premier Wen visited the places as planned except ________.
A. local factories B. worksites
C. Chongqing University D. communities
4. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “temporary” in Paragraph 6?
A. Lasting. B. Short.
C. Considerable. D. Promising.
答案：1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B
Moscow (RIA Novosti)—Dutch architect Erick van Egeraat has designed a Russia-shaped island to be created in the Black Sea near Sochi by 2014, when the city will host the Winter Olympics.
At an investment forum in Sochi on September 21st, Erick van Egeraat presented an architectural design of his project, Federation Island. It gets its name from the planned shape of the coastline, which will resemble Russia’s boundaries.
According to the plans, the 250-hectare island, to cost about 155 billion rubles (over$6 billion), will have two marinas (码头), religious centers, roads, parkland and artificial rivers, mimicking (模仿)Russia’s major rivers. The island will be conveniently located 13 km from the airport and 14 km from the railroad terminal in the resort city. It’s planned to be built in 2008～2013.Designed as a private project, the island has attracted Russian officials’ attention at the forum. The acting economics minister, German Gref, mentioned it in his speech, quoting its cost at about $10 billion.
Van Egeraat, who’s also carrying out or planning a series of other projects in Russia, said a consortium(财团)of Russian and foreign companies had been created to build the island, which is similar to artificial islands that have been built in the United Arab Emirates. Palm Islands, the world’s three largest artificial islands, are being built in the Persian Gulf to encourage tourism near Dubai, and will add 520 km of beaches to the city.
The investment forum in Sochi last week was focused on future investment in the development of Sochi’s infrastructure (基础设施)up to 2020, and the construction of sports facilities ahead of the Winter Olympic Games.
1. According to the passage, Federation Island ________.
A. will only be built by Russian companies
B. is designed for the 2014 Summer Olympics
C. will be convenient for tourists to visit
D. will take workers about ten years to build
2. The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A. the coastline of Russia
B. Russia’s boundaries
C. Federation Island
D. an investment forum
3. What does the underlined word “rubles” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The length of the coastline.
B. The length of the rivers.
C. The contents in Federation Island.
D. The Russian money unit.
4. Most probably the construction of Federation Island will ________.
A. promote Sochi’s local development
B. meet unimaginable difficulties
C. not gain the government’s approval
D. be in the charge of German Gref
答案：1. C 2. C 3. D 4. A
Unit4 Global warming-语法篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握it在强调句中的用法；
能够利用这个语法点进行遣词造句并运用到写作中；
it的用法—强调句型
一、强调句型的基本用法
英语中常用的强调句型是：It is / was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、状语) + that / who / whom + 其他部分。一般来说，被强调部分指人时，用who或whom，其他情况用that，但that也可指人。
现在用强调句型强调下面这个句子的主语、宾语和状语。
She met John at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday.
→It was she who / that met John at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday. (强调主语)
→It was John Whom / that she met at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday. (强调宾语)
→It was at Mary’s birthday party that she met John last Sunday. (强调地点状语)
→It was last Sunday that she met John at Mary’s birthday party. (强调时间状语)
温馨提示：
1.it为引导词，本身没有词义，仅起引导强调句式的作用；
2.若强调的主语是人时，常用who，间或用that，若强调的宾语是人时，多用whom / that；
3.在强调状语时，用that；
4.在强调结构时，无论被强调的是人还是物，是单数还是复数，be动词一律用单数形式is / was,
如果原句中的谓语动词是过去时态，就用was，若是现在时态或将来时态，就用is，
也可用情态动词 + be形式；
5. 判断一个句子是否是强调句型的方法：如果将句中的It is / was… that / who / whom…去掉，仍能还原为一个完整的句子，那么此句就是强调句。否则，就是其他句型结构。
请比较： It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. (定语从句)
It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States. (强调句型)
6. 被强调部分若是句子的主语，that / who之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与句子的主语保持一致。
eg：It is I that / who am your friend that will come to help you.
二、强调句型的几种较为复杂的结构形式
被强调部分为状语从句。
Eg: It was when Tom was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious.
被强调部分含有定语从句。
Eg: It was on July 4 th, 1975 when he was born that his father died.
not…until结构用于强调句型。
not…until作为被强调部分，起结构是：It is / was + not until…+ that + 其他部分。
Eg: It was not until his father came back that he went to bed.
强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is / Was it + 被强调部分+ that + 其他部分。
Eg: Was it last year that his cousin joined the army?
强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：疑问词（被强调部分）+ is / was + it + that + 其他部分。
Eg: When was it that the accident happened?
Where was it that you lost your wallet?
1. (2014·南通二调)Do you know in what circumstances it was ________Jack achieved his goal?
A. that B. how
C. where D. when
2. (2014·厦门质检)She realized that it was not the words but the way she spoke to Bruce ________hurt him.
A. who B. whom
C. which D. that
3. (2014·安徽师大附中模拟)The police were seeking more information to find out ________ the rich merchant.
A. who it was that killed B. who was it that killed
C. it was who killed D. who was it killed
4. (2014·长沙四县一市3月联考)I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter ________I’m talking to.
A. who is it that B. who it is that
C. it is who that D. it is whom that
5. (2014·银川、吴忠部分中学高三年级联考)From mother’s love, patience and understanding, I have learned what a huge responsibility ________is to raise a child.
A. it B. which
C. that D. this
基础演练
一、单项填空
1. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ________the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
2. John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work ________has made him what he is today.
A. why B. when C. which D. that
3. —I’ve read another book this week.
—Well，maybe ________ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.
A. this B. that C. there D. it
4. It was ________ he came back from Africa that year ________ he met the girl he would like to marry.
A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when
5. It was after he got what he had desired________ he realized it was not so important.
A. that B. when C. since D. as
6. He was told that it would be at least three more months________ he could recover and return to work.
A. when B. before C. since D. that
7. It was for this reason________ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.
A. which B. why C. that D. how
8. It was on the farm ________ he spent his childhood ________ he learned how to grow vegetables.
A. where; that B. which; when
C. that; that D. which; which
9. As is reported in the newspaper，it was________ that resulted in the terrible accident.
A. because of her carelessness
B. her being careless
C. because she was careless
D. she was so careless
10. When asked to explain________ he does to make his students so fascinated with his lessons，the teacher paused and thought deeply.
A. what it is that B. that what it is
C. what is it that D. that what is it
11. Is it Professor Li________ teaches you English?
A. which B. whom C. who D. whether
12. It is I who________ going to Zhangjiajie.
A. is B. was C. am D. are
13. Was it six years ago，when he came to China for the first time, ________ he began to learn Chinese?
A. where B. how C. which D. that
14. —I can’t find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?
—It was in the hotel________ he stayed.
A. that B. which C. the one D. where
15. Many people now make________ a rule to buy cards for their friends before Christmas.
A. themselves B. it C. that D. this
巩固提高
一、对划线部分进行强调
1. My mother met Tom in the street yesterday.
________________________________________________________________________
2. It didn’t stop raining until midnight.
________________________________________________________________________
3. John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas.
________________________________________________________________________
4. Jane has been living in London since she left China.
________________________________________________________________________
5. Only in this way can you finish the work in time.
________________________________________________________________________
6. What the professor said had a great effect on us.
________________________________________________________________________
7. Mary met a Canadian in the park last Sunday.
________________________________________________________________________
8. The football match had to be put off because of the bad weather.
________________________________________________________________________
二、用强调句型翻译句子
1. 病人需要的是更好的食物和更多的阳光。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. 你是在哪里找到的你丢失的那本书？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. 是你哥哥在那家公司工作吗？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. 直到昨天我才注意到这件事。
________________________________________________________________________
5. 是他要去上海出差。
________________________________________________________________________
三、短文改错
One day, while my friend and I was traveling through Germany, we were not very hungry but we only had a little money. We decided stop at a village market to buy something to eat. We choose the cheapest biscuits and ate it under a tree. We thought the biscuits were great.“Let’s got some more, ” I said, “They’re cheap and they really taste well.” My friend could read some German, but I couldn’t, and I gave her the biscuit bag to find the name. She looked at it and started to laugh.“How are you laughing?” I asked.“Because they’re dogs biscuits!”she said.
It was last year you taught me how to drive.
A. when??????? B. that???????? C. where???????? D. which
It was he said disappointed me.
A. that; what?????????????????? B. what; that????
C. what; what????????????????? D. that; that
It was in the factory produced TV sets our friend was murdered.
A. which; which???????????? B. that; which????
C. that; that??????????????????? D. where; that
find my wallet, Tom?
A. Where did you that?????? B. Where was it you
C. Where have you???????????? D. Where was it that you
It was not until 1920 regular radio broadcast began.
A. while?????? B. which??????? C. that?????? D. since
It is the ability to do the job matters, not where you came from or what you are.
A. one????????? B. it????????????? C. what????????? D. that
It is these poisonous products can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.
A. who????????? B. that???????? C. how?????????? D. what
I feel it is your husband who for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame????????????????? B. is going to blame??
C. is to be blamed?????????? D. should blame
It was for this reason her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.
A. which???????? B. why????????? C. that???????? D. how
—Where was it the road accident happened yesterday?
—In front of the market.
A. when?????????? B. that????????? C. which???????? D. how
It is who reasonable.
A. me; am?? B. me; is?? C. I; am?? D. I; is
It was the dean walked by.
A. where?????? B. who?????? C. what?????? D. which
It was not until she had arrived home her appointment with the doctor.
A. did she remember???????? B. that she remembered
C. when she remembered??????? D. had she remembered
It was in Beihai Park they made a date for the first time the old couple told us their love story.
A. where; that??????????? B. that; that
C. where; when??????????? D. that; when
—Why was you lost all your keys?
—It was because of my carelessness.
A. that?????? B. what?????? C. it that?????? D. one
It was I met Mr. Smith in London.
A. many years that?????????????????? B. for many years since
C. since many years ago when??? D. many years ago that
Was Bill, played basketball very well, helped the blind man across the street.
A. that; that; who?????? B. it; that; that
C. it; who; that?????????? D. this; who; who
Was it in 1969 the American astronaut succeeded landing on the moon. ?
A. when; on?? B. that; on?? C. when; in?? D. that; in
Was it in this palace the last emperor died?
A. that????? B. in which????? C. what????? D. he
Was it during the Second World War he died??
A. that??? B. while??? C. in which??? D. then
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一、单项填空
1. The prices of this kind of wine________ from 10 yuan to 100 yuan per bottle.
A. ranged B. differed C. changed D. separated
2. Every year I usually subscribe________ some magazines for my daughter to read.
A. to B. for C. at D. in
3. —I am very tired.
—Then why not take a hot bath? A hot bath will surely________ you.
A. reward B. rescue C. remain D. refresh
4. In fact, this is just a________ get-together, so there is no need to be so particular about your clothes.
A. casual B. formal C. concrete D. desperate
5. The street was named after a great man in honour of his great________ to the city.
A. contributions B. advance C. progress D. position
6. Practising Chinese kung fu can not only ________ one’s strength, but also develop one’s character.
A. bring up B. take up C. build up D. pull up
7. Let’s make good use of our energy and________ wasting water, electricity, paper, and so on.
A. keep on B. result in C. be opposed to D. appeal to
8. I would rather not________ Mary until I am quite sure that she is trustworthy.
A. depend on B. attend to C. wait on D. apply to
9. Large quantities of solid fuel________ consumed every day and too much carbon dioxide is sent into the air, which in turn________ the going up of temperature.
A. is; results in B. are; results in C. is; leads to D. are; results from
10. We’re old friends. Be frank. ________you want me to do for you?
A. What is it that B. What it is that
C. How is it that D. How it is that
11. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt________ a cure for AIDS will be found.
A. which B. what C. that D. whether
12. You may use the room as you like ________ you clean it up afterwards.
A. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if
13. I would appreciate________ if you could come over to have a chat with me.
A. that B. this C. it D. one
14. It is the young man________ looked for________ caught the murderer.
A. that; who B. that; they C. they; that D. they; which
15. —Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?
—________.I love getting close to nature.
A. I don’t think so
B. I believe not
C. I couldn’t agree more
D. I am afraid not
16. The employee couldn’t________ the pressure of the work, so that he chose to leave the company.
A. get rid of B. put up with C. keep away from D. make up for
17. He slipped and broke his leg the other day.________, he’ll have to be away from school for two or three months.
A. As a consequence B. In return
C. In turn D. As a result of
18. ________ all my colleagues, I’d like to show all my sincere thanks to you for your devotion to our research.
A. In case of B. In memory of C. In honor of D. On behalf of
19. I’m in favor of the plan________ though I’m not entirely for it.
A. on the whole B. on the other hand
C. in a word D. in other words
20. The education of ________ young has become ________ hot and serious topic in the present society.
A. the; / B. a; the C. /; the D. the; a
二、完形填空
The first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know a new classmate. I __21__ to look around when a gentle hand __22__ my shoulder. I turned around to find a wrinkled, little __23__ lady looking up at me with a smile.
She said, “Hi, my name is Rose. I’m eighty-seven years old. Can I give you a hug?” I laughed and __24__ responded, “Of course you may！” and she gave me a giant (巨大的) squeeze.
“Why are you in college at such __25__?” I asked.“I always __26__ having a college education and now I’m getting __27__!” she told me.
Later, we became close friends. Every day we would leave class together and she __28__ her wisdom and experience with me. Over the __29__ of the year, Rose became a campus icon and she __30__ made friends wherever she went.
At the __31__ of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football banquet (宴会). I’ll __32__ forget what she taught us. When she was introduced, frustrated and a little embarrassed, she cleared her __33__ and said, “We do not stop playing because we are old；we __34__ old because we stop playing. There are only two secrets to staying __35__, being happy, and achieving success. You have to __36__ and find humor every day. You’ve got to have a dream. When you __37__ your dreams, you die.”
One week after graduation Rose died __38__ in her sleep. Many college students attended her funeral in tribute to (悼念) the wonderful woman who taught __39__ example that it’s never too __40__ to be all you can possibly be.
21. A. lay down
B. stood up
C. fell off
D. went out
22. A. touched
B. felt
C. wounded
D. clapped
23. A. beautiful
B. young
C. old
D. kind-hearted
24. A. sadly
B. coldly
C. absently
D. enthusiastically
25. A. age
B. speed
C. point
D. year
26. A. talked about
B. tried out
C. looked forward
D. dreamed of
27. A. those
B. one
C. that
D. they
28. A. learned
B. told
C. shared
D. debated
29. A. course
B. path
C. distance
D. road
30. A. easily
B. rarely
C. unwillingly
D. strangely
31. A. middle
B. beginning
C. end
D. top
32. A. ever
B. never
C. still
D. already
33. A. throat
B. face
C. nose
D. eyes
34. A. grow
B. prove
C. look
D. stay
35. A. rich
B. healthy
C. cheerful
D. young
36. A. eat
B. cry
C. laugh
D. shout
37. A. have
B. lose
C. get
D. keep
38. A. bitterly
B. fortunately
C. peacefully
D. hopefully
39. A. to
B. for
C. in
D. by
40. A. early
B. bad
C. good
D. late
三、阅读理解：
Mr. Peter Johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. Mr. Johnson took the only escape route—through the boot (行李箱).
Mr. Johnson’s car had finished up in a ditch (沟渠) at Romney Marsin, Kent, after skidding on ice and hitting a bank.“Fortunately, the water began to come in only slowly, ” Mr. Johnson said.“I couldn’t force the doors because they were jammed against the walls of the ditch and dared not open the windows because I knew water would come flooding in.”
Mr. Johnson, a sweet salesman of Sitting Home, Kent, first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot. Then he began his struggle to escape.
Later he said, “It was really a half penny that saved my life. It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot. I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear, but no help came.”
It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat, and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot. Then Mr. Johnson found a wrench and began to work on the boot lock. Fifteen minutes passed by.“It was the only chance I had. Finally it gave, but as soon as I moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in. I forced the lid down into the mud and scrambled clear as the car filled up.”
His hands and arms cut and bruised (擦伤), Mr. Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby, where he was looked after by the farmer’s wife, Mrs. Lucy Bates. Huddled in a blanket, he said, “That thirty minutes seemed like hours.” Only the tips of the car wheels were visible, police said last night. The vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch.
1. What is the best title for this newspaper article?
A. The Story of Mr. Johnson, a Sweet Salesman
B. Car Boot Can Serve As the Best Escape Route
C. Driver Escaped Through Car Boot
D. The Driver Survived a Terrible Car Accident
2. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Mr. Johnson’s car stood on its boot as it fell down.
B. Mr. Johnson could not escape from the door because it was full of sweet jam.
C. Mr. Johnson’s car accident was partly due to the slippery road.
D. Mr. Johnson struggled in the pouring mud as he unscrewed the back seat.
3. The underlined part “Finally it gave” in Paragraph 5 means that________.
A. Luckily the door was torn away in the end
B. At last the wrench went broken
C. The lock came open after all his efforts
D. The chance was lost at the last minute
4. It may be inferred from the passage that________.
A. the ditch was along a quiet country road
B. the accident happened on a clear warm day
C. the police helped Mr.Johnson get out of the ditch
D. Mr.Johnson had a tender wife and was well attended
Planetary changes which will have an influence on many are drawing near because of the poor ecological state of the planet. Actually change has already begun through climate changes, but most humans haven’t noticed this yet. Climate changes have begun to influence the world already and will begin to worsen within the next few years. Around 2011 most people will begin to see that the results of climate changes will be far more serious than now understood.
As the planet is under big geological (地质的) stresses, which are continuously increasing, it will in the future no longer be able to support its population. Scarcity (缺乏) of resources, over-farming, lack of clean air, not enough clean drinking water and drought are some of the issues that will all play a much greater role in the near future.
Humans have caused large ecological devastation (破坏). The lifestyles of many people are improving at a fast speed; however, this will finally result in a lack of some precious resources. When this scarcity begins to happen, people will no longer be able to have sustainable (可持续的, 可支撑的) lifestyles.
It’s important to understand that everyone plays a role in the whole process of life. Each person’s decision can finally affect the future. These decisions, all combined, can have a very good effect on what the future will be like for humans. So the future depends on the choices we make at the present moment.
While more and more people are becoming aware of climate change and other environmental problems related to global warming, not all are fully understanding how far-reaching its effects will be. Unfortunately, most of the humans are aware that the planet isn’t functioning well, but they don’t understand that this is creating a major problem for the future survival of humans.
So, every person should make the necessary changes to reduce their influence on the environment and help create a more sustainable future.
1. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The Causes of Planetary Changes
B. The Influence of Ecological Development
C. The Ways of Building a Sustainable Future
D. Environmental Damage and the Human Future
2. It can be known from the first paragraph that________.
A. planetary changes are caused by global warming
B. climate changes will affect the life of humans soon
C. the ecological state of the earth has been destroyed
D. most people don’t realize the dangers of climate changes
3. What opinion does the author most probably hold?
A. Humans shouldn’t try to improve their lifestyles.
B. The future we’ll have depends on every one of us.
C. The ecological devastation is coming to a stop soon.
D. The future of humans can be determined ahead of time.
4. The author’s attitude in this text is________.
A. indifferent B. negative
C. serious D. humorous
四、书面表达
你校为提高学生的环保意识和英语水平，在校园网上创办了一个名为“全球变暖，你能做什么？”的英语论坛。请你写一篇英语短文参与讨论，谈谈你对全球变暖的看法和在改善环境方面的经验。
注意：1.从现实出发，认真观察身边小事；
2. 举例说明改善环境的具体行动；
3. 行文流畅，语言连贯，无语法错误；
4. 词数100～120。
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Unit4 Global warming-语法篇
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掌握it在强调句中的用法；
能够利用这个语法点进行遣词造句并运用到写作中；
it的用法—强调句型
一、强调句型的基本用法
英语中常用的强调句型是：It is / was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、状语) + that / who / whom + 其他部分。一般来说，被强调部分指人时，用who或whom，其他情况用that，但that也可指人。
现在用强调句型强调下面这个句子的主语、宾语和状语。
She met John at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday.
→It was she who / that met John at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday. (强调主语)
→It was John Whom / that she met at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday. (强调宾语)
→It was at Mary’s birthday party that she met John last Sunday. (强调地点状语)
→It was last Sunday that she met John at Mary’s birthday party. (强调时间状语)
温馨提示：
1.it为引导词，本身没有词义，仅起引导强调句式的作用；
2.若强调的主语是人时，常用who，间或用that，若强调的宾语是人时，多用whom / that；
3.在强调状语时，用that；
4.在强调结构时，无论被强调的是人还是物，是单数还是复数，be动词一律用单数形式is / was,
如果原句中的谓语动词是过去时态，就用was，若是现在时态或将来时态，就用is，
也可用情态动词 + be形式；
5. 判断一个句子是否是强调句型的方法：如果将句中的It is / was… that / who / whom…去掉，仍能还原为一个完整的句子，那么此句就是强调句。否则，就是其他句型结构。
请比较： It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. (定语从句)
It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States. (强调句型)
6. 被强调部分若是句子的主语，that / who之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与句子的主语保持一致。
eg：It is I that / who am your friend that will come to help you.
二、强调句型的几种较为复杂的结构形式
被强调部分为状语从句。
Eg: It was when Tom was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious.
被强调部分含有定语从句。
Eg: It was on July 4 th, 1975 when he was born that his father died.
not…until结构用于强调句型。
not…until作为被强调部分，起结构是：It is / was + not until…+ that + 其他部分。
Eg: It was not until his father came back that he went to bed.
强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is / Was it + 被强调部分+ that + 其他部分。
Eg: Was it last year that his cousin joined the army?
强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：疑问词（被强调部分）+ is / was + it + that + 其他部分。
Eg: When was it that the accident happened?
Where was it that you lost your wallet?
1. (2014·南通二调)Do you know in what circumstances it was ________Jack achieved his goal?
A. that B. how
C. where D. when
解析：考查强调句。句意为：你知道到底是在什么环境下Jack实现了自己的目标吗？分析句子结构可知，此处是强调句的特殊疑问句并且作know的宾语，故应用陈述句语序，即“疑问词＋it is/was that”，故答案为A。
答案：A
2. (2014·厦门质检)She realized that it was not the words but the way she spoke to Bruce ________hurt him.
A. who B. whom
C. which D. that
解析： 考查强调句。句意为：她意识到不是她说的话，而是她对Bruce说话的方式伤害了他。分析句子成分可知，谓语动词realized后为that引导的宾语从句，而宾语从句为强调句结构：it was...that...被强调的部分由not...but...连接，故选D项。
答案： D
3. (2014·安徽师大附中模拟)The police were seeking more information to find out ________ the rich merchant.
A. who it was that killed B. who was it that killed
C. it was who killed D. who was it killed
解析：考查强调句及宾语从句。此处“who it was that killed the rich merchant”是find out的宾语从句，who是强调句型中被强调的部分，又因who是连词，故放在从句句首。
答案：A
4. (2014·长沙四县一市3月联考)I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter ________I’m talking to.
A. who is it that B. who it is that
C. it is who that D. it is whom that
解析：考查强调句。句意为：无论我在和谁交谈，我一直是诚实而直率的。分析句子结构可知，it doesn’t matter后的宾语从句使用了强调句型，其结构为“who it is that I’m talking to”。即B项正确。
答案：B
5. (2014·银川、吴忠部分中学高三年级联考)From mother’s love, patience and understanding, I have learned what a huge responsibility ________is to raise a child.
A. it B. which
C. that D. this
解析：考查代词。句意为：从妈妈的爱心、耐心和理解中，我知道了养育孩子是一份多么重大的责任。在主句谓语动词have learned后的宾语从句中，it为形式主语，代替动词不定式to raise a child。
答案：A
基础演练
一、单项填空
1. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ________the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
2. John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work ________has made him what he is today.
A. why B. when C. which D. that
3. —I’ve read another book this week.
—Well，maybe ________ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.
A. this B. that C. there D. it
4. It was ________ he came back from Africa that year ________ he met the girl he would like to marry.
A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when
5. It was after he got what he had desired________ he realized it was not so important.
A. that B. when C. since D. as
6. He was told that it would be at least three more months________ he could recover and return to work.
A. when B. before C. since D. that
7. It was for this reason________ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.
A. which B. why C. that D. how
8. It was on the farm ________ he spent his childhood ________ he learned how to grow vegetables.
A. where; that B. which; when
C. that; that D. which; which
9. As is reported in the newspaper，it was________ that resulted in the terrible accident.
A. because of her carelessness
B. her being careless
C. because she was careless
D. she was so careless
10. When asked to explain________ he does to make his students so fascinated with his lessons，the teacher paused and thought deeply.
A. what it is that B. that what it is
C. what is it that D. that what is it
11. Is it Professor Li________ teaches you English?
A. which B. whom C. who D. whether
12. It is I who________ going to Zhangjiajie.
A. is B. was C. am D. are
13. Was it six years ago，when he came to China for the first time, ________ he began to learn Chinese?
A. where B. how C. which D. that
14. —I can’t find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?
—It was in the hotel________ he stayed.
A. that B. which C. the one D. where
15. Many people now make________ a rule to buy cards for their friends before Christmas.
A. themselves B. it C. that D. this
答案：1.B 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C12. C 13. D 14. D
15. B
巩固提高
一、对划线部分进行强调
1. My mother met Tom in the street yesterday.
________________________________________________________________________
2. It didn’t stop raining until midnight.
________________________________________________________________________
3. John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas.
________________________________________________________________________
4. Jane has been living in London since she left China.
________________________________________________________________________
5. Only in this way can you finish the work in time.
________________________________________________________________________
6. What the professor said had a great effect on us.
________________________________________________________________________
7. Mary met a Canadian in the park last Sunday.
________________________________________________________________________
8. The football match had to be put off because of the bad weather.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：
1.It was in the street that my mother met Tom yesterday.
2.It was not until midnight that it stopped raining.
3.It was a handbag that John gave Mary at Christmas.
4.It is Jane that/who has been living in London since she left China.
5.It is only in this way that you can finish the work in time.
6.It was what the professor said that had a great effect on us.
7.It was last Sunday that Mary met a Canadian in the park.
8.It was because of the bad weather that the football match had to be put off.
二、用强调句型翻译句子
1. 病人需要的是更好的食物和更多的阳光。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. 你是在哪里找到的你丢失的那本书？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. 是你哥哥在那家公司工作吗？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. 直到昨天我才注意到这件事。
________________________________________________________________________
5. 是他要去上海出差。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：
1. It is better food and more sunshine that the patient needs.
2. Where was it that you found your lost book?
3. Is it your brother who/that works in that company?
4. It was not until yesterday that I noticed it.
5. It is he that/who is leaving for Shanghai on business.
三、短文改错
One day, while my friend and I was traveling through Germany, we were not very hungry but we only had a little money. We decided stop at a village market to buy something to eat. We choose the cheapest biscuits and ate it under a tree. We thought the biscuits were great.“Let’s got some more, ” I said, “They’re cheap and they really taste well.” My friend could read some German, but I couldn’t, and I gave her the biscuit bag to find the name. She looked at it and started to laugh.“How are you laughing?” I asked.“Because they’re dogs biscuits!”she said.
答案：
One day, while my friend and I traveling through Germany, we were not very hungry but we only had a little money. We decided stop at a village market to buy something to eat. We the cheapest biscuits and ate under a tree. We thought the biscuits were great.“Let’s some more, ” I said, “They’re cheap and they really taste .” My friend could read some German, but I couldn’t, I gave her the biscuit bag to find the name. She looked at it and started to laugh. “ are you laughing?” I asked. “Because they’re biscuits！”she said.
It was last year you taught me how to drive.
A. when??????? B. that???????? C. where???????? D. which
It was he said disappointed me.
A. that; what?????????????????? B. what; that????
C. what; what????????????????? D. that; that
It was in the factory produced TV sets our friend was murdered.
A. which; which???????????? B. that; which????
C. that; that??????????????????? D. where; that
find my wallet, Tom?
A. Where did you that?????? B. Where was it you
C. Where have you???????????? D. Where was it that you
It was not until 1920 regular radio broadcast began.
A. while?????? B. which??????? C. that?????? D. since
It is the ability to do the job matters, not where you came from or what you are.
A. one????????? B. it????????????? C. what????????? D. that
It is these poisonous products can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.
A. who????????? B. that???????? C. how?????????? D. what
I feel it is your husband who for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame????????????????? B. is going to blame??
C. is to be blamed?????????? D. should blame
It was for this reason her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.
A. which???????? B. why????????? C. that???????? D. how
—Where was it the road accident happened yesterday?
—In front of the market.
A. when?????????? B. that????????? C. which???????? D. how
It is who reasonable.
A. me; am?? B. me; is?? C. I; am?? D. I; is
It was the dean walked by.
A. where?????? B. who?????? C. what?????? D. which
It was not until she had arrived home her appointment with the doctor.
A. did she remember???????? B. that she remembered
C. when she remembered??????? D. had she remembered
It was in Beihai Park they made a date for the first time the old couple told us their love story.
A. where; that??????????? B. that; that
C. where; when??????????? D. that; when
—Why was you lost all your keys?
—It was because of my carelessness.
A. that?????? B. what?????? C. it that?????? D. one
It was I met Mr. Smith in London.
A. many years that?????????????????? B. for many years since
C. since many years ago when??? D. many years ago that
Was Bill, played basketball very well, helped the blind man across the street.
A. that; that; who?????? B. it; that; that
C. it; who; that?????????? D. this; who; who
Was it in 1969 the American astronaut succeeded landing on the moon. ?
A. when; on?? B. that; on?? C. when; in?? D. that; in
Was it in this palace the last emperor died?
A. that????? B. in which????? C. what????? D. he
Was it during the Second World War he died??
A. that??? B. while??? C. in which??? D. then
1～5 BBCDC???? 6～10 DBACB???? ?11～15? CBBAC?? 16～20? DCDAA
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一、单项填空
1. The prices of this kind of wine________ from 10 yuan to 100 yuan per bottle.
A. ranged B. differed C. changed D. separated
2. Every year I usually subscribe________ some magazines for my daughter to read.
A. to B. for C. at D. in
3. —I am very tired.
—Then why not take a hot bath? A hot bath will surely________ you.
A. reward B. rescue C. remain D. refresh
4. In fact, this is just a________ get-together, so there is no need to be so particular about your clothes.
A. casual B. formal C. concrete D. desperate
5. The street was named after a great man in honour of his great________ to the city.
A. contributions B. advance C. progress D. position
6. Practising Chinese kung fu can not only ________ one’s strength, but also develop one’s character.
A. bring up B. take up C. build up D. pull up
7. Let’s make good use of our energy and________ wasting water, electricity, paper, and so on.
A. keep on B. result in C. be opposed to D. appeal to
8. I would rather not________ Mary until I am quite sure that she is trustworthy.
A. depend on B. attend to C. wait on D. apply to
9. Large quantities of solid fuel________ consumed every day and too much carbon dioxide is sent into the air, which in turn________ the going up of temperature.
A. is; results in B. are; results in C. is; leads to D. are; results from
10. We’re old friends. Be frank. ________you want me to do for you?
A. What is it that B. What it is that
C. How is it that D. How it is that
11. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt________ a cure for AIDS will be found.
A. which B. what C. that D. whether
12. You may use the room as you like ________ you clean it up afterwards.
A. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if
13. I would appreciate________ if you could come over to have a chat with me.
A. that B. this C. it D. one
14. It is the young man________ looked for________ caught the murderer.
A. that; who B. that; they C. they; that D. they; which
15. —Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?
—________.I love getting close to nature.
A. I don’t think so
B. I believe not
C. I couldn’t agree more
D. I am afraid not
16. The employee couldn’t________ the pressure of the work, so that he chose to leave the company.
A. get rid of B. put up with C. keep away from D. make up for
17. He slipped and broke his leg the other day.________, he’ll have to be away from school for two or three months.
A. As a consequence B. In return
C. In turn D. As a result of
18. ________ all my colleagues, I’d like to show all my sincere thanks to you for your devotion to our research.
A. In case of B. In memory of C. In honor of D. On behalf of
19. I’m in favor of the plan________ though I’m not entirely for it.
A. on the whole B. on the other hand
C. in a word D. in other words
20. The education of ________ young has become ________ hot and serious topic in the present society.
A. the; / B. a; the C. /; the D. the; a
答案：1. A 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. C 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. D
二、完形填空
The first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know a new classmate. I __21__ to look around when a gentle hand __22__ my shoulder. I turned around to find a wrinkled, little __23__ lady looking up at me with a smile.
She said, “Hi, my name is Rose. I’m eighty-seven years old. Can I give you a hug?” I laughed and __24__ responded, “Of course you may!” and she gave me a giant (巨大的) squeeze.
“Why are you in college at such __25__?” I asked.“I always __26__ having a college education and now I’m getting __27__!” she told me.
Later, we became close friends. Every day we would leave class together and she __28__ her wisdom and experience with me. Over the __29__ of the year, Rose became a campus icon and she __30__ made friends wherever she went.
At the __31__ of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football banquet (宴会). I’ll __32__ forget what she taught us. When she was introduced, frustrated and a little embarrassed, she cleared her __33__ and said, “We do not stop playing because we are old；we __34__ old because we stop playing. There are only two secrets to staying __35__, being happy, and achieving success. You have to __36__ and find humor every day. You’ve got to have a dream. When you __37__ your dreams, you die.”
One week after graduation Rose died __38__ in her sleep. Many college students attended her funeral in tribute to (悼念) the wonderful woman who taught __39__ example that it’s never too __40__ to be all you can possibly be.
21. A. lay down
B. stood up
C. fell off
D. went out
22. A. touched
B. felt
C. wounded
D. clapped
23. A. beautiful
B. young
C. old
D. kind-hearted
24. A. sadly
B. coldly
C. absently
D. enthusiastically
25. A. age
B. speed
C. point
D. year
26. A. talked about
B. tried out
C. looked forward
D. dreamed of
27. A. those
B. one
C. that
D. they
28. A. learned
B. told
C. shared
D. debated
29. A. course
B. path
C. distance
D. road
30. A. easily
B. rarely
C. unwillingly
D. strangely
31. A. middle
B. beginning
C. end
D. top
32. A. ever
B. never
C. still
D. already
33. A. throat
B. face
C. nose
D. eyes
34. A. grow
B. prove
C. look
D. stay
35. A. rich
B. healthy
C. cheerful
D. young
36. A. eat
B. cry
C. laugh
D. shout
37. A. have
B. lose
C. get
D. keep
38. A. bitterly
B. fortunately
C. peacefully
D. hopefully
39. A. to
B. for
C. in
D. by
40. A. early
B. bad
C. good
D. late
答案：21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D
三、阅读理解：
Mr. Peter Johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. Mr. Johnson took the only escape route—through the boot (行李箱).
Mr. Johnson’s car had finished up in a ditch (沟渠) at Romney Marsin, Kent, after skidding on ice and hitting a bank.“Fortunately, the water began to come in only slowly, ” Mr. Johnson said.“I couldn’t force the doors because they were jammed against the walls of the ditch and dared not open the windows because I knew water would come flooding in.”
Mr. Johnson, a sweet salesman of Sitting Home, Kent, first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot. Then he began his struggle to escape.
Later he said, “It was really a half penny that saved my life. It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot. I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear, but no help came.”
It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat, and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot. Then Mr. Johnson found a wrench and began to work on the boot lock. Fifteen minutes passed by.“It was the only chance I had. Finally it gave, but as soon as I moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in. I forced the lid down into the mud and scrambled clear as the car filled up.”
His hands and arms cut and bruised (擦伤), Mr. Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby, where he was looked after by the farmer’s wife, Mrs. Lucy Bates. Huddled in a blanket, he said, “That thirty minutes seemed like hours.” Only the tips of the car wheels were visible, police said last night. The vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch.
1. What is the best title for this newspaper article?
A. The Story of Mr. Johnson, a Sweet Salesman
B. Car Boot Can Serve As the Best Escape Route
C. Driver Escaped Through Car Boot
D. The Driver Survived a Terrible Car Accident
2. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Mr. Johnson’s car stood on its boot as it fell down.
B. Mr. Johnson could not escape from the door because it was full of sweet jam.
C. Mr. Johnson’s car accident was partly due to the slippery road.
D. Mr. Johnson struggled in the pouring mud as he unscrewed the back seat.
3. The underlined part “Finally it gave” in Paragraph 5 means that________.
A. Luckily the door was torn away in the end
B. At last the wrench went broken
C. The lock came open after all his efforts
D. The chance was lost at the last minute
4. It may be inferred from the passage that________.
A. the ditch was along a quiet country road
B. the accident happened on a clear warm day
C. the police helped Mr.Johnson get out of the ditch
D. Mr.Johnson had a tender wife and was well attended
答案：1. C 2. C 3. C 4. A
Planetary changes which will have an influence on many are drawing near because of the poor ecological state of the planet. Actually change has already begun through climate changes, but most humans haven’t noticed this yet. Climate changes have begun to influence the world already and will begin to worsen within the next few years. Around 2011 most people will begin to see that the results of climate changes will be far more serious than now understood.
As the planet is under big geological (地质的) stresses, which are continuously increasing, it will in the future no longer be able to support its population. Scarcity (缺乏) of resources, over-farming, lack of clean air, not enough clean drinking water and drought are some of the issues that will all play a much greater role in the near future.
Humans have caused large ecological devastation (破坏). The lifestyles of many people are improving at a fast speed; however, this will finally result in a lack of some precious resources. When this scarcity begins to happen, people will no longer be able to have sustainable (可持续的, 可支撑的) lifestyles.
It’s important to understand that everyone plays a role in the whole process of life. Each person’s decision can finally affect the future. These decisions, all combined, can have a very good effect on what the future will be like for humans. So the future depends on the choices we make at the present moment.
While more and more people are becoming aware of climate change and other environmental problems related to global warming, not all are fully understanding how far-reaching its effects will be. Unfortunately, most of the humans are aware that the planet isn’t functioning well, but they don’t understand that this is creating a major problem for the future survival of humans.
So, every person should make the necessary changes to reduce their influence on the environment and help create a more sustainable future.
1. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The Causes of Planetary Changes
B. The Influence of Ecological Development
C. The Ways of Building a Sustainable Future
D. Environmental Damage and the Human Future
2. It can be known from the first paragraph that________.
A. planetary changes are caused by global warming
B. climate changes will affect the life of humans soon
C. the ecological state of the earth has been destroyed
D. most people don’t realize the dangers of climate changes
3. What opinion does the author most probably hold?
A. Humans shouldn’t try to improve their lifestyles.
B. The future we’ll have depends on every one of us.
C. The ecological devastation is coming to a stop soon.
D. The future of humans can be determined ahead of time.
4. The author’s attitude in this text is________.
A. indifferent B. negative
C. serious D. humorous
答案：1. D 2. D 3. B 4. C
四、书面表达
你校为提高学生的环保意识和英语水平，在校园网上创办了一个名为“全球变暖，你能做什么？”的英语论坛。请你写一篇英语短文参与讨论，谈谈你对全球变暖的看法和在改善环境方面的经验。
注意：1.从现实出发，认真观察身边小事；
2. 举例说明改善环境的具体行动；
3. 行文流畅，语言连贯，无语法错误；
4. 词数100～120。
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参考范文
We are facing more and more serious challenges from global warming. The ice is melting and the sea level is rising. Coastal cities and their residents are in danger.
However，even we ordinary people can do something to help. First, we should start making use of clean energy. For example, we can use solar and wind energy to replace coal and oil. Moreover, we should take public transportation instead of driving cars. This can reduce the emission of carbon dioxide. Finally, we should grow more trees and plants since they can absorb carbon dioxide and other pollutants in the air.
Global warming is something everyone needs to be concerned about. It’s time for all of us to do what we can to help protect our earth.
