Unit5 The power of nature-词汇篇
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掌握重点词汇的搭配及用法，能够正确完成基础类型题。
掌握重点句型的用法，会模仿句型进行写作。
单词讲解：
volcano n. pl. volcanoes
an active volcano活火山
an extinct volcano死火山
a dormant volcano休眠火山
volcanology火山学
volcanologist火山学家
erupt
1)（火山）爆发，喷发
Mount Vesuvius hasn’t erupted for a good many years. 维苏威火山已经多年没有爆发了。
2)（搏斗，暴力事件，噪音等）突然发生，爆发
Violence in street can erupt for no apparent reason.
街头暴力可以在没有明显原因的情况下爆发。
erupt into laughter/shouting/crying, etc.突然大笑/叫喊/大哭
He erupted into laughter without any reason. 他毫无理由地大笑起来。
alongside
alongside: with? “和”
It’s a pleasure to work alongside such men. 与这样的人一起工作是一件乐事。
beside “在...旁边”
The boat pulled up alongside the dock.
adv. 在旁边;沿着;靠拢着;并排地
The police car pulled up alongside. 那辆警车在旁边停下
equipment n.配备,装备
The complete equipment of the new hospital will take a year.
把这个新医院的设备配齐要化一年时间。
equip v.装备,使有准备使能够做某事
Equip ourselves with knowledge
Equip the army with modern weapons
Doing housework is a real bore. 做家务真是令人烦透了。
appoint???? vt.任命,指派????? appoint sb. as/to be
They appointed him (to be) manager. 他们任命他为经理。
约定,指定;安排
Our visitors arrived at the appointed time. 我们的来宾在约定的时间到达了。
appointment???? n.
(尤指正式的)约会???+with+to-v
I have an appointment with them in the evening. 今晚我与他们有个约会。
evaluate 评估，评价
I cannot evaluate his ability without seeing his work. 没见过他的工作，我无法评估他的能力。
evaluation n. 评估，评价
They made an intensive evaluation of the healthcare program.
burn to the ground 完全(楼房等)烧毁
He has no place to live in because his house has been burnt to the ground.
他无处栖身因为他的房子被烧掉了。
与burn搭配的常用词组有：
①burn away烧掉
Half of the candle had burnt away. 蜡烛已烧掉一半了。
②burn down 渐渐烧完
The room grew colder as the fire burnt down. 随着炉火逐渐减弱，屋里越来越冷。
③burn sth. down 把……烧得精光
Don‘t forget to turn off the gas----you might burn the house down.
别忘了关煤气，不然会把房子烧掉。
④burn up 烧得更旺
He put more wood on the fire to make it burn up. 他往火里续了些木柴，让它烧得旺些。
⑤burn sth. up 把……烧掉
He has burnt up all the garden rubbish. 他已把花园里的垃圾全烧掉了。
fountain
泉水;喷泉;水源
A beautiful stone fountain was set in the middle of the garden.
花园中央砌造了一个漂亮的石头喷水池。
(知识等的)源泉;根源[(+of)]
Ancient Greece was a fountain of wisdom and philosophy. 古希腊是智慧和哲学的源泉。
absolute? adj. 完全的，真实的
It’s an absolute fact.
absolutely??? adv.完全地，无条件地,完全对
absolutely right???????十分对，对极了，当然（口语，作为对一问题的回答或评语）
-Do you let your kids walk alone at night? 你让你的孩子晚上单独行走吗？
-Absolutely not. 当然不是。
suit
n. (一套)衣服? [C]
I picked out a black suit.
vt.??1. 适合,中...的意
The arrangement suited us both. 这个安排对我们两人都合适。
2. (不用被动式)与...相配,与...相称
This dress suits you beautifully. 这件衣服你穿非常合适。
vi.相称;彼此协调[(+to/with)]
The position suits with his abilities.
make one’s way向某地走去,??有出息
She hesitated, but made her way forward. 她犹豫了一下,但向前走去.
She hastily left the room ,and made her way to her bed她快速离开房间,朝她床边走去.
If you want to make your way in the world, you must learn to work hard while you are still young.
你若想要有出息,趁年轻的时候要学会发奋.
make way (for)让路,让位
All the traffic has to make way for a fire engine所有的车辆都得给救火车让路.
I shall make way for a younger man. 我将把职务让给更年轻的人.
potential
n.? [U]. 可能性;潜力,潜能??? (+for)
She has acting potential, but she needs training. 她有表演潜力，但需要训练。
potential: 潜在的；潜力
Education develops potential abilities.教育能开发人的潜能。
It was his high school teacher that discovered his potential and kept encouraging him.
是他的高中老师发现了他的潜力，并且不断地鼓励他。
candidate
候选人;候补者
They were in favor of the Democratic candidate for President. 他们支持民主党总统候选人。
求职应征者
Milo was the strongest candidate for the job. 米洛在求职应征者中具备最好的条件。
precious
adj.?? 贵重的,宝贵的,珍贵的
He has sent me most precious gifts. 他送给我极为珍贵的礼物。
Time is precious. 时间是宝贵的。
unconscious??adj.
不省人事的,失去知觉的
He injured his head and was unconscious for one hour.???他伤着了头部,一个小时没有知觉。
不知道的,未发觉的???? (+of)
They were so quiet that he was completely unconscious of their presence.
他们非常安静,他完全不知道他们在场。
无意识的,不知不觉的
an unconscious error无意识犯的错误
shoot??? vt.?? (shoot-shot?-shot)
发射,放射
He shot the arrow from the bow.他拉弓把箭射了出去。
拍摄
The new movie was shot in Africa.这部新的影片是在非洲拍摄的。
射(门);投(篮);击(球);掷(骰子)
He shot two goals in the game.在比赛中,他进了两个球。
n.?幼芽,幼枝
tremble??? vi.
tremble with …因…而发抖
tremble for …为…而担心
发抖;震颤??? +with
Her voice trembled with anger. 她的声音因愤怒而颤抖。
They trembled with cold. 他们冷得发抖。
焦虑,担忧????+at/for 或 +to-v
She trembled for her daughter's safety. 她为女儿的安全而焦虑不安。
摇晃,摇动
The whole house trembled as the train went by. 火车开过时,整幢房子都晃动。
n.???震颤,发抖;震动
anxious? adj.
焦虑的,挂念的?? +about /at / for
I'm anxious about her safety.
我对她的安全担心。
令人焦虑的
The days of the earthquake was an anxious time for all of us.
地震的那段时间是使我们大家都焦虑不安的日子。
渴望的????? for / +to-v / +that
We're anxious for your safe return. 我们盼望你平安归来。
I'm really anxious to see him. 我急于见他。
anxiety??n.
焦虑,挂念??? [U] [C]?????? + about / for
The mother was filled with anxiety about her daughter's health. 母亲为女儿的健康忧心忡忡。
焦虑的原因;令人焦虑之事?? [C]?+to
That is a great anxiety to me. 那是一件使我深感焦虑的事情。
渴望?? [C]??? +for?/ +to-v
Their anxiety to go was obvious.他们想去的急切心情是显而易见的。
panic v. / n.(使)恐慌,惊慌失措
He had to force himself not to panic.
He got into a panic when he found the door was locked.陷入恐慌
Be in a panic在惊慌中
glance through/at /down/over浏览，匆匆看一遍
I only had time to glance at the newspaper.我只来得及浏览了一下报纸。
He glanced briefly down the list of names.他草草看了一遍名单。
She glanced through the report.他大致浏览了一下报告。
vary from ……to…… 在……到……之间变动
The temperature varies from time to time.
The weather varied from very cold to quite mild.
vary with随……而变化
Leaves varies with the seasons.
Vary 动词“变化”
The security always varies its route. 保安车常常改变路线。
“彼此相异”
（彼此）在这问题上意见很不一致。
Opinions on this matter vary.
various?? adj. different from each other， of different kinds
There has been snow today in various parts of the country. 今天全国不同地区都下了雪。
The products we sell are many and various. 我们出售的产品是各式各样的。
variety ?n.
1) = change (质量,种类和特征的)变化
He doesn’t like the work because it lacks variety. 他不喜欢这工作，因为它单调乏味。
2) = kind 种类,品种:
different varieties of bananas不同种类的香蕉
a variety of?? 许多，各种各样
These T-shirts are available in a wide variety of colors. 这些体恤有各种各样的颜色供挑选.
diversity=variety 变化多样, 多样性
The plants of Asia show great diversity of form. 亚洲的植物形态多种多样.
(对此)准会纵说纷纭.
There must be a wide diversity of opinions.
appreciate 动词 “ 感激；赏识”后接从句或ing形式。
欣赏,赏识
Her talent for music was not appreciated. 她的音乐才能无人赏识。
感谢,感激
They deeply appreciated his kindness. 他们对他的好意深表感谢。
appreciate+形式宾语it+从句，it指代宾语从句
如果你能教我用电脑，我将不胜感激
I would appreciate if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
guarantee
n.保证, 保证书, 担保
The TV set has a year‘s guarantee. 这架电视机有一年的保修期。
You have my guarantee that I'll finish the job on time. 我向你保证按时完成工作。
动词? “保证;担保”
Perfect satisfaction is guaranteed to our customers. 保证我们的顾客完全满意。
I can guarantee it’s true ---I saw it myself.我能保证那是真的－我亲眼看见。
We guarantee to deliver within a week.
重点词组搭配：
1. be suitable for 适合……
2. be appointed as 被任命为……
3. be anxious about 因……而焦虑
4. vary from...to... 由……到……不等
5. make one’s way to 前往……
6. burn to the ground 全部焚毁
7. be buried under the ruins 被埋在废墟下
8. glance through 匆匆看一遍
9. have a gift for 有……天赋
10. give birth to 产生；生产
重点句子讲解：
1. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.
我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。
名师指津：be about to do...when...正要……这时……。
例句仿写：我正要去你家帮助你学英语，这时我叔叔来了。
I was about to go to your home to help you with your English when my uncle came.
2. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.
另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。
名师指津：this being my first experience独立主格结构，在句中作原因状语。
例句仿写：他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。
He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.
3. It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.
据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。
名师指津：It is said that...据说……，是一个固定句式。
例句仿写：据说至少有20座楼房遭到破坏或彻底被摧毁。
It is said that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed.
4. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.
收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。
名师指津：现在分词完成时作状语。
例句仿写：核实所有的门都锁好之后，史密斯先生就去伦敦度假了。
Having checked all the doors were locked, Mr. Smith left for London on holiday.
1. (2014·温州二测)If you are invited to dinner, you are supposed to arrive not later than the ________time.
A. appoint B. appointing
C. appointed D. appointment
2. (2014·山东师范大学附中)Working hard is not a ________of great success, but it is among the essential requirements.
A. sign B. signal
C. guarantee D. mark
3. (2014·山东省实验中学高三质检)—Why are you so hurried?
—My mother will get a bit ________if I don’t get back on time.
A. ashamed B. eager
C. anxious D. patient
4. (2013·江西卷)She ________the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.
A. connected B. fitted
C. equipped D. matched
5. (2011·湖北卷)“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with ________clearly in her voice.
A. anger B. rudeness
C. regret D. panic
基础演练
一、语境填词
1. He parked his car __________ (在……旁边) the fence.
2. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of __________ (设备) was damaged. He was ________ (委派) to look into the matter.
3. I can’t ________ (评价) her ability without seeing her work.
4. Although it is impossible to ____________ (绝对地) predict that a volcano will ________ (爆发) at some minute, it is possible in some period.
5. The ________ (实际的) cost was much higher than we had expected.
6. He ________ (挥手) goodbye to his friend.
7. We should develop the children’s ________ (潜力) while they’re young.
8. I’ve found a job that ________ (适合) me down to the ground.
9. The ________ (小说家) lost her ________ (珍贵的) necklace on her way home.
10. We can’t __________ (保证) that our flights will never be delayed.
11. All of us were in a state of ________ (惊慌) when a man was ________ (射伤) on the spot.
12. Please accept this gift in ____________ (感谢) of all you’ve done for us.
13. He is full of ________ (焦虑), for the exam is coming.
14. I found an old woman lying ______________ (失去知觉的) on the ground.
15. She wiped the ________ (汗) from her face and drank a glass of water.
16. There are ________ (不同的) opinions about it.
巩固提高
一、单项填空
1. Yet, ________, we are not completely powerless.
A. however we are weak B. however weak are we
C. however are we weak D. however weak we are
2. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help________ ordinary people from one of the most powerful forces on earth—the volcano.
A. prevent B. protect C. keep D. stop
3. I was________ as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory twenty years ago.
A. appointed B. claimed C. appealed D. applied
4. Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or________.
A. burned to death
B. burning to the ground
C. burned to the ground
D. burning to death
5. ________ quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn’t take much notice.
A. Experience B. Having experienced
C. Experienced D. Experiencing
6. I was about to go back to sleep________ suddenly my bedroom became as________ as day.
A. while；bright B. before；brightest
C. as；brighter D. when；bright
7. The day after this eruption I was________ to have a much closer look at it.
A. enough lucky to have B. luckily enough having
C. lucky enough to have D. enough luckily having
8. It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly________ to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre.
A. made our way B. in the way
C. on the way D. lost our way
二、佳句翻译与仿写
1. Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I don’t mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)我虽然有车，但因为交通堵塞很少使用。
________________________, ________________________ because of the traffic jams.
(2)他们虽穷却很慷慨。
They are generous ________________________.
2. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)做完所有的工作后，他回家了。
________________________________, he left for home.
(2)因为在这个城市住了很多年，所以我对它很熟悉。
________________________________________, I knew it well.
3. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)他正要离开，这时突然电话响了。
(2)今天早上我们正要吃饭，这时他来了。
4. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)天气允许的话，我们明天就去郊游。
______________________, we’ll go on an outing tomorrow.
(2)向导领着路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林。
________________________________, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
一、单项填空
1. People who don’t smoke have less________ of suffering from lung disease than those who do so.
A. potential B. cause C. hope D. problem
2. Mr. Black is a careful and experienced engineer, so he is often________ to finish some challenging tasks.
A. appreciated B. approached C. appointed D. agreed
3. Although the shirt________ me well, but the colour doesn’t________ me. So I don’t want to buy it.
A. fits; fit for B. fits; suit C. fits for; suit D. is fit for; fit
4. Mr. Smith, ________ of the________ speech, started to read a novel.
A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring
5. His house was________ due to the big fire, ________ made him homeless.
A. burnt to the ground; which
B. rebuilt; what
C. painted; that
D. run out of; which
6. We were just________ calling you up________ you came in.
A. about; when
B. on the point of; while
C. on the point of; when
D. on the point; as
7. ________ in the field all day, I felt very tired.
A. Working B. Having worked C. Worked D. Work
8. ________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A. Compare B. When comparing
C. Comparing D. When compared
9. The young man rushed out of the room, ________ into his car and started it hurriedly, ________ to get to the hospital as soon as possible.
A. got; hoped B. getting; and hoped
C. got; hoping D. getting; hoped
10. —Do you think there is possibility that they will win the game?
—________.They don’t co-operate with each other well.
A. Absolutely B. Absolute not
C. Absolutely not D. Certainly
二、词义辨析
1. 用suit, fit, match的适当形式填空
(1)Her shoes ________ her dress; they look very well together.
(2)—How about eight o’clock outside the cinema?
—That ________ me fine.
(3)Do you think this colour ________ me?
(4)I tried the dress on but it didn’t ________ me. It was too small.
2. 用force, strength, power, energy的适当形式填空
(1)I did everything in my ________ to help her.
(2)The army took control of the region by ________.
(3)He hasn’t got enough ________ to lift the box.
(4)As we all know, knowledge is ________.
(5)—You are always full of ________.Can you tell me the secret?
—Taking plenty of exercise every day.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项填空
1. My mother always gets a bit________ if we don’t arrive when we say we will.
A. anxious B. ashamed C. weak D. patient
2. The little boy trembled________ fear when he saw the snake coming towards him.
A. for B. in C. with D. over
3. The new soldier________ the target, but didn’t________ it again, which was expected.
A. shot; shoot B. shot at; shoot
C. shot; shoot at D. shot at; shoot at
4. Mary has a great________ of interests, such as traveling, hiking and playing chess.
A. kind B. difference C. sort D. diversity
5. The fridge is________ for one year. The company will repair or replace it if it breaks down within a year.
A. permitted B. promised C. arranged D. guaranteed
6. The baby was lucky enough to escape________ in the earthquake.
A. being killed B. killing C. to kill D. to be killed
7. After a successful operation, Catherine is beginning to________ and will soon come back to school.
A. pick up B. wake up C. grow up D. show up
8. The sudden eruption of the volcano took the local people________ surprise.
A. in B. by C. to D. with
9. He hurried to the supermarket, only________ he had left his wallet at home.
A. to find B. found C. finding D. find
10. It is often ________ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.
A. said B. to say C. saying D. being said
二、完形填空
Scientists have searched for many years for a__1__to tell whether a volcano__2__will be small or large. Now, four scientists say they have discovered something in__3__that will help do this.They__4__the research on Mount Unzen on the southern Japanese island of Kyushu.
Mount Unzen exploded__5__November, 1990.Since then, more explosions__6__43 people and destroyed the homes of more than 2,000 others. The volcano is still__7__today.
The scientists say the lava of the volcano__8__high level of an element (成分), __9__is a sign of the presence of the lava from deep in the earth, not from the surface. They say it shows that the lava__10__directly from inside the earth is__11__with huge explosions instead of smaller ones.
The scientists examined the lava from 18 explosions of Mount Unzen that took place during many__12__of years.They__13__studied the lava from other volcanoes in the area that are older than Mount Unzen. The lava studied came from__14__large and small explosions. The scientists found that large explosions contained__15__of the element than small__16__.The scientists say if they__17__this two years earlier, they__18__the people living in the area__19__Mount Unzen and saved many__20__.
1. A. glance
B. method
C. motor
D. panic
2. A. eruption
B. climate
C. aspect
D. district
3. A. lung
B. ash
C. lava
D. crater
4. A. stated
B. teased
C. compared
D. did
5. A. in
B. on
C. from
D. off
6. A. have quitted
B. have uttered
C. have focused
D. have killed
7. A. active
B. abstract
C. ridiculous
D. mental
8. A. tries
B. manages
C. stresses
D. contains
9. A. which
B. that
C. if
D. when
10. A. going
B. coming
C. ending
D. losing
11. A. decreased
B. bored
C. swallowed
D. connected
12. A. hundred
B. ten
C. number
D. thousands
13. A. also
B. either
C. too
D. as well as
14. A. one
B. neither
C. both
D. three
15. A. more
B. much
C. less
D. few
16. A. that
B. those
C. ones
D. this
17. A. knew
B. had known
C. know
D. knowing
18. A. warn
B. could have warned
C. will warn
D. can warn
19. A. on
B. near
C. away
D. besides
20. A. lives
B. life
C. live
D. believes
二、阅读理解
Animals and Earthquakes
Scientists who try to predict earthquakes have got some new helpers recently—animals.
Scientists have begun to catch on to what farmers have known for thousands of years. Animals often seem to know in advance that an earthquake is coming, and they show their fear by acting in strange ways. Before a Chinese quake in 1975 snakes awoke from their winter sleep early only to freeze to death in the cold air. Cows broke their halters (缰绳) and tried to escape. Chickens refused to enter their coops. All of this unusual behavior, as well as physical changes in Earth, alerted Chinese scientists to the coming quake. They moved people away from the dangerous area and saved thousands of lives.
One task for scientists today is to learn exactly which types of animals’ behavior predicts quakes. It’s not an easy job. First of all, not every animal can react to the danger of an earthquake. Just before a California quake in 1977, for example, an Arabian horse became very nervous and tried to break out of his stall. The horse next to it, however, reminded perfectly calm. It’s also difficult at times to tell the difference between normal animals restless and “earthquake nerves”. A zoo keeper
once called earthquake researchers to say that his cougar (美洲狮) had been acting strangely. It turned out that the cat had an upset stomach!
A second task for scientists is to find out exactly what kind of warnings the animals receive. They know that animals sense far more of the world than humans do. Many animals can see, hear, and smell things that people do not even notice. Some can detect tiny changes in air pressure, gravity, or the magnetism (磁力) of Earth. This extra sense probably helps animals predict quakes.
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Animals don’t know when an earthquake is coming.
B. Animals can predict earthquakes.
C. The author doesn’t know whether the animals can feel the coming of an earthquake or not.
D. Human beings have to move the animals away before an earthquake is coming.
2. Some animals could predict earthquakes because they can detect tiny changes________.
A. in the air pressure
B. in gravity
C. in the magnetism of the earth
D. all of the above
3. How do all the animals exactly know when an earthquake is coming?
A. By their extra senses.
B. By the changes in air pressure, gravity or the magnetism.
C. People don’t know exactly.
D. The passage doesn’t mention it.
4. The author’s purpose is mainly to________.
A. express an argument
B. make a serious proposal
C. present a discovery
D. express suspicions
Last year I was put into a lower-level math class at school. The reason I was in this class had nothing to do with my intellect or math skills. I am blind.
The only problem with being in this class was that I was surrounded by “at-risk” students. These were kids who did not do well in school and they were constantly in trouble with the school and the law.
One Tuesday morning, I went to a Christian Student Union meeting before school. There was a guest speaker there that day talking to us about praying for our enemies. I began to think about this. As I considered the idea, I prayed and asked God how I could pray for the kids in my class. I had forgotten that they weren’t bad kids; they were just lost.
At first, the prayers were mechanical. When I would hear their voices in class, I would pray, “Dear God, please bless so-and-so...” But as I continued, I began to think of the kids more often, and in my quiet time at home I would ask God to bless the rest of my classmates.
As time went on, my classmates became more than just annoying kids to me. There was something growing inside my heart for them, something that wasn’t there before. They began to feel like family, and I was learning to love them in a way I never thought possible.
I now see that praying is such a powerful act. Prayer is the most powerful tool a Christian has. When I pray for those around me, it also blesses my life, and it changes my opinion of others. I realized I needed God’s blessings to see the world through loving eyes. The prayers I said for others turned out to help me the most.
1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Praying for your enemies.
B. The experience of the writer.
C. How to get along with the kids.
D. How to solve the problem about the “at-risk” students.
2. What did the writer think about the kids at first?
A. They were lovely and friendly.
B. They were always asking for trouble.
C. They were as blind as the writer.
D. They were less reliable.
3. What made the writer change his opinion about the kids?
A. The suggestion made by the teacher.
B. The idea about praying at a Christian Student Union meeting.
C. The experience with the bad kids.
D. The change with the time going by.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The kids in the writer’s class are bad.
B. As time went on, the classmates became annoying.
C. After praying, the writer changed his opinion of his classmates immediately.
D. By praying for others, the writer learned a lot.
Nature’s anger made life miserable from one end of the United States to the other this week, with people forced out of their homes by wildfires near both coasts and the Canadian border and by major flooding in the Midwest.
And although the calendar still said spring, the first named storm of the year was whipping up surf on the beaches of the Southeast. Overall, it wasn’t quite a week for the record books.
“It’s a major flood, ” National Weather Service meteorologist (气象学家) Suzanne Fortin said of the flood in Missouri.“It won’t be a record breaker, but it will be in the top three.”
However, a three-week-old fire in southern Georgia had become that state’s biggest in five decades after burning 269 square km of forest and wet land.
Smoke-filled air created a burning smell and a dusting of ashes that coated cars and buildings through much of Florida and southeastern Georgia. The fog over most of Florida even closed several highways and sent people with breathing problems indoors.
The flooding was produced by the wet weekend thunderstorms across the Plains states that also destroyed Greensburg, Kansas. In addition to 11 tornadoes deaths, two drowning deaths were blamed on the storms, one each in Oklahoma and Kansas.
High water had poured over the tops of at least 20 levees (大堤) along the Missouri River and other streams in the state, authorities said on Wednesday.
Missouri National Guard troops were helping. And Highway Patrol (巡逻) troopers were working 24-hour shifts near Big Lake, a village town of about 150 in the state’s northwest corner, which was flooded by five levee breaks along the Missouri River and four smaller ones on other streams, said patrol Lieutenant John Hotz.
No injuries were reported but the Missouri Water Patrol rescued about 20 people from their flooded homes, including Glenn Burger, who had the patrol return him to his home to rescue his two pet cockatiels (澳洲鹦鹉).
1. What is uncommon about the weather this year?
A. The storm happened in spring.
B. The storm lasted a long time.
C. The wind brought about flood.
D. The tornado struck a large area.
2. What can we say about the natural disaster which happened this year?
A. This year the biggest flood happened in history.
B. The damage caused by disasters is the greatest.
C. This year saw the biggest fire in the US in recent years.
D. Most lives were lost in American history this year.
3. It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A. some highway accidents were caused in the fire
B. 13 deaths altogether were caused in Greensburg
C. flood broke most of the river banks of Missouri
D. the big fire was caused by the strong storm
4. Two pet cockatiels are talked about in the last paragraph in order to________.
A. show Americans were fond of their pet
B. show no injuries were caused in the flood
C. tell us humans could get over the flood
D. tell us pets were friends of our humans
Unit5 The power of nature-词汇篇
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掌握重点词汇的搭配及用法，能够正确完成基础类型题。
掌握重点句型的用法，会模仿句型进行写作。
单词讲解：
volcano n. pl. volcanoes
an active volcano活火山
an extinct volcano死火山
a dormant volcano休眠火山
volcanology火山学
volcanologist火山学家
erupt
1)（火山）爆发，喷发
Mount Vesuvius hasn’t erupted for a good many years. 维苏威火山已经多年没有爆发了。
2)（搏斗，暴力事件，噪音等）突然发生，爆发
Violence in street can erupt for no apparent reason.
街头暴力可以在没有明显原因的情况下爆发。
erupt into laughter/shouting/crying, etc.突然大笑/叫喊/大哭
He erupted into laughter without any reason. 他毫无理由地大笑起来。
alongside
alongside: with? “和”
It’s a pleasure to work alongside such men. 与这样的人一起工作是一件乐事。
beside “在...旁边”
The boat pulled up alongside the dock.
adv. 在旁边;沿着;靠拢着;并排地
The police car pulled up alongside. 那辆警车在旁边停下
equipment n.配备,装备
The complete equipment of the new hospital will take a year.
把这个新医院的设备配齐要化一年时间。
equip v.装备,使有准备使能够做某事
Equip ourselves with knowledge
Equip the army with modern weapons
Doing housework is a real bore. 做家务真是令人烦透了。
appoint???? vt.任命,指派????? appoint sb. as/to be
They appointed him (to be) manager. 他们任命他为经理。
约定,指定;安排
Our visitors arrived at the appointed time. 我们的来宾在约定的时间到达了。
appointment???? n.
(尤指正式的)约会???+with+to-v
I have an appointment with them in the evening. 今晚我与他们有个约会。
evaluate 评估，评价
I cannot evaluate his ability without seeing his work. 没见过他的工作，我无法评估他的能力。
evaluation n. 评估，评价
They made an intensive evaluation of the healthcare program.
burn to the ground 完全(楼房等)烧毁
He has no place to live in because his house has been burnt to the ground.
他无处栖身因为他的房子被烧掉了。
与burn搭配的常用词组有：
①burn away烧掉
Half of the candle had burnt away. 蜡烛已烧掉一半了。
②burn down 渐渐烧完
The room grew colder as the fire burnt down. 随着炉火逐渐减弱，屋里越来越冷。
③burn sth. down 把……烧得精光
Don‘t forget to turn off the gas----you might burn the house down.
别忘了关煤气，不然会把房子烧掉。
④burn up 烧得更旺
He put more wood on the fire to make it burn up. 他往火里续了些木柴，让它烧得旺些。
⑤burn sth. up 把……烧掉
He has burnt up all the garden rubbish. 他已把花园里的垃圾全烧掉了。
fountain
泉水;喷泉;水源
A beautiful stone fountain was set in the middle of the garden.
花园中央砌造了一个漂亮的石头喷水池。
(知识等的)源泉;根源[(+of)]
Ancient Greece was a fountain of wisdom and philosophy. 古希腊是智慧和哲学的源泉。
absolute? adj. 完全的，真实的
It’s an absolute fact.
absolutely??? adv.完全地，无条件地,完全对
absolutely right???????十分对，对极了，当然（口语，作为对一问题的回答或评语）
-Do you let your kids walk alone at night? 你让你的孩子晚上单独行走吗？
-Absolutely not. 当然不是。
suit
n. (一套)衣服? [C]
I picked out a black suit.
vt.??1. 适合,中...的意
The arrangement suited us both. 这个安排对我们两人都合适。
2. (不用被动式)与...相配,与...相称
This dress suits you beautifully. 这件衣服你穿非常合适。
vi.相称;彼此协调[(+to/with)]
The position suits with his abilities.
make one’s way向某地走去,??有出息
She hesitated, but made her way forward. 她犹豫了一下,但向前走去.
She hastily left the room ,and made her way to her bed她快速离开房间,朝她床边走去.
If you want to make your way in the world, you must learn to work hard while you are still young.
你若想要有出息,趁年轻的时候要学会发奋.
make way (for)让路,让位
All the traffic has to make way for a fire engine所有的车辆都得给救火车让路.
I shall make way for a younger man. 我将把职务让给更年轻的人.
potential
n.? [U]. 可能性;潜力,潜能??? (+for)
She has acting potential, but she needs training. 她有表演潜力，但需要训练。
potential: 潜在的；潜力
Education develops potential abilities.教育能开发人的潜能。
It was his high school teacher that discovered his potential and kept encouraging him.
是他的高中老师发现了他的潜力，并且不断地鼓励他。
candidate
候选人;候补者
They were in favor of the Democratic candidate for President. 他们支持民主党总统候选人。
求职应征者
Milo was the strongest candidate for the job. 米洛在求职应征者中具备最好的条件。
precious
adj.?? 贵重的,宝贵的,珍贵的
He has sent me most precious gifts. 他送给我极为珍贵的礼物。
Time is precious. 时间是宝贵的。
unconscious??adj.
不省人事的,失去知觉的
He injured his head and was unconscious for one hour.???他伤着了头部,一个小时没有知觉。
不知道的,未发觉的???? (+of)
They were so quiet that he was completely unconscious of their presence.
他们非常安静,他完全不知道他们在场。
无意识的,不知不觉的
an unconscious error无意识犯的错误
shoot??? vt.?? (shoot-shot?-shot)
发射,放射
He shot the arrow from the bow.他拉弓把箭射了出去。
拍摄
The new movie was shot in Africa.这部新的影片是在非洲拍摄的。
射(门);投(篮);击(球);掷(骰子)
He shot two goals in the game.在比赛中,他进了两个球。
n.?幼芽,幼枝
tremble??? vi.
tremble with …因…而发抖
tremble for …为…而担心
发抖;震颤??? +with
Her voice trembled with anger. 她的声音因愤怒而颤抖。
They trembled with cold. 他们冷得发抖。
焦虑,担忧????+at/for 或 +to-v
She trembled for her daughter's safety. 她为女儿的安全而焦虑不安。
摇晃,摇动
The whole house trembled as the train went by. 火车开过时,整幢房子都晃动。
n.???震颤,发抖;震动
anxious? adj.
焦虑的,挂念的?? +about /at / for
I'm anxious about her safety.
我对她的安全担心。
令人焦虑的
The days of the earthquake was an anxious time for all of us.
地震的那段时间是使我们大家都焦虑不安的日子。
渴望的????? for / +to-v / +that
We're anxious for your safe return. 我们盼望你平安归来。
I'm really anxious to see him. 我急于见他。
anxiety??n.
焦虑,挂念??? [U] [C]?????? + about / for
The mother was filled with anxiety about her daughter's health. 母亲为女儿的健康忧心忡忡。
焦虑的原因;令人焦虑之事?? [C]?+to
That is a great anxiety to me. 那是一件使我深感焦虑的事情。
渴望?? [C]??? +for?/ +to-v
Their anxiety to go was obvious.他们想去的急切心情是显而易见的。
panic v. / n.(使)恐慌,惊慌失措
He had to force himself not to panic.
He got into a panic when he found the door was locked.陷入恐慌
Be in a panic在惊慌中
glance through/at /down/over浏览，匆匆看一遍
I only had time to glance at the newspaper.我只来得及浏览了一下报纸。
He glanced briefly down the list of names.他草草看了一遍名单。
She glanced through the report.他大致浏览了一下报告。
vary from ……to…… 在……到……之间变动
The temperature varies from time to time.
The weather varied from very cold to quite mild.
vary with随……而变化
Leaves varies with the seasons.
Vary 动词“变化”
The security always varies its route. 保安车常常改变路线。
“彼此相异”
（彼此）在这问题上意见很不一致。
Opinions on this matter vary.
various?? adj. different from each other， of different kinds
There has been snow today in various parts of the country. 今天全国不同地区都下了雪。
The products we sell are many and various. 我们出售的产品是各式各样的。
variety ?n.
1) = change (质量,种类和特征的)变化
He doesn’t like the work because it lacks variety. 他不喜欢这工作，因为它单调乏味。
2) = kind 种类,品种:
different varieties of bananas不同种类的香蕉
a variety of?? 许多，各种各样
These T-shirts are available in a wide variety of colors. 这些体恤有各种各样的颜色供挑选.
diversity=variety 变化多样, 多样性
The plants of Asia show great diversity of form. 亚洲的植物形态多种多样.
(对此)准会纵说纷纭.
There must be a wide diversity of opinions.
appreciate 动词 “ 感激；赏识”后接从句或ing形式。
欣赏,赏识
Her talent for music was not appreciated. 她的音乐才能无人赏识。
感谢,感激
They deeply appreciated his kindness. 他们对他的好意深表感谢。
appreciate+形式宾语it+从句，it指代宾语从句
如果你能教我用电脑，我将不胜感激
I would appreciate if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
guarantee
n.保证, 保证书, 担保
The TV set has a year‘s guarantee. 这架电视机有一年的保修期。
You have my guarantee that I'll finish the job on time. 我向你保证按时完成工作。
动词? “保证;担保”
Perfect satisfaction is guaranteed to our customers. 保证我们的顾客完全满意。
I can guarantee it’s true ---I saw it myself.我能保证那是真的－我亲眼看见。
We guarantee to deliver within a week.
重点词组搭配：
1. be suitable for 适合……
2. be appointed as 被任命为……
3. be anxious about 因……而焦虑
4. vary from...to... 由……到……不等
5. make one’s way to 前往……
6. burn to the ground 全部焚毁
7. be buried under the ruins 被埋在废墟下
8. glance through 匆匆看一遍
9. have a gift for 有……天赋
10. give birth to 产生；生产
重点句子讲解：
1. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.
我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。
名师指津：be about to do...when...正要……这时……。
例句仿写：我正要去你家帮助你学英语，这时我叔叔来了。
I was about to go to your home to help you with your English when my uncle came.
2. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.
另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。
名师指津：this being my first experience独立主格结构，在句中作原因状语。
例句仿写：他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。
He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.
3. It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.
据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。
名师指津：It is said that...据说……，是一个固定句式。
例句仿写：据说至少有20座楼房遭到破坏或彻底被摧毁。
It is said that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed.
4. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.
收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。
名师指津：现在分词完成时作状语。
例句仿写：核实所有的门都锁好之后，史密斯先生就去伦敦度假了。
Having checked all the doors were locked, Mr. Smith left for London on holiday.
1. (2014·温州二测)If you are invited to dinner, you are supposed to arrive not later than the ________time.
A. appoint B. appointing
C. appointed D. appointment
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果你被邀请去吃饭，你到达的时间不应该晚于约定的时间。空处为过去分词作定语，选C。
答案：C
2. (2014·山东师范大学附中)Working hard is not a ________of great success, but it is among the essential requirements.
A. sign B. signal
C. guarantee D. mark
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意为：勤奋工作不能保证你一定会取得巨大的成功，但它是取得成功的必要条件之一。由语意可知选guarantee保证。
答案：C
3. (2014·山东省实验中学高三质检)—Why are you so hurried?
—My mother will get a bit ________if I don’t get back on time.
A. ashamed B. eager
C. anxious D. patient
解析：考查形容词词义。句意为：——你为什么如此匆忙？——如果我不能准时回去，我妈妈会有些担心。 ashamed惭愧的；eager渴望的；anxious忧虑的，担心的；patient耐心的。
答案：C
4. (2013·江西卷)She ________the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.
A. connected B. fitted
C. equipped D. matched
解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：她把地毯和一些非常漂亮的窗帘在颜色上搭配起来。connect A with B把A和B联系/连接起来；fit A with B让A适合/适应B；equip A with B用B来武装/装备A；match A with B把A和B搭配起来(形成一种搭配)。根据语境应选D项。
答案：D
5. (2011·湖北卷)“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with ________clearly in her voice.
A. anger B. rudeness
C. regret D. panic
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意为：“汤米，快跑！快点儿！房屋失火了！”妈妈叫喊着，声音里明显带着“恐慌”。anger怒火，怒气；rudeness粗鲁；regret懊悔，遗憾；panic恐慌。D项符合语意。
答案：D
基础演练
一、语境填词
1. He parked his car __________ (在……旁边) the fence.
2. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of __________ (设备) was damaged. He was ________ (委派) to look into the matter.
3. I can’t ________ (评价) her ability without seeing her work.
4. Although it is impossible to ____________ (绝对地) predict that a volcano will ________ (爆发) at some minute, it is possible in some period.
5. The ________ (实际的) cost was much higher than we had expected.
6. He ________ (挥手) goodbye to his friend.
7. We should develop the children’s ________ (潜力) while they’re young.
8. I’ve found a job that ________ (适合) me down to the ground.
9. The ________ (小说家) lost her ________ (珍贵的) necklace on her way home.
10. We can’t __________ (保证) that our flights will never be delayed.
11. All of us were in a state of ________ (惊慌) when a man was ________ (射伤) on the spot.
12. Please accept this gift in ____________ (感谢) of all you’ve done for us.
13. He is full of ________ (焦虑), for the exam is coming.
14. I found an old woman lying ______________ (失去知觉的) on the ground.
15. She wiped the ________ (汗) from her face and drank a glass of water.
16. There are ________ (不同的) opinions about it.
答案：1.alongside 2.equipment appointed 3.evaluate 4. absolutely erupt 5.actual 6.waved 7.potential 8. Suits 9.novelist precious 10.guarantee 11.panic shot 12. appreciation 13.anxiety 14.unconscious 15.sweat 16. diverse
巩固提高
一、单项填空
1. Yet, ________, we are not completely powerless.
A. however we are weak B. however weak are we
C. however are we weak D. however weak we are
2. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help________ ordinary people from one of the most powerful forces on earth—the volcano.
A. prevent B. protect C. keep D. stop
3. I was________ as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory twenty years ago.
A. appointed B. claimed C. appealed D. applied
4. Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or________.
A. burned to death
B. burning to the ground
C. burned to the ground
D. burning to death
5. ________ quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn’t take much notice.
A. Experience B. Having experienced
C. Experienced D. Experiencing
6. I was about to go back to sleep________ suddenly my bedroom became as________ as day.
A. while；bright B. before；brightest
C. as；brighter D. when；bright
7. The day after this eruption I was________ to have a much closer look at it.
A. enough lucky to have B. luckily enough having
C. lucky enough to have D. enough luckily having
8. It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly________ to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre.
A. made our way B. in the way
C. on the way D. lost our way
答案：1.D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. A
二、佳句翻译与仿写
1. Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I don’t mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)我虽然有车，但因为交通堵塞很少使用。
________________________, ________________________ because of the traffic jams.
(2)他们虽穷却很慷慨。
They are generous ________________________.
2. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)做完所有的工作后，他回家了。
________________________________, he left for home.
(2)因为在这个城市住了很多年，所以我对它很熟悉。
________________________________________, I knew it well.
3. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)他正要离开，这时突然电话响了。
(2)今天早上我们正要吃饭，这时他来了。
4. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.
翻译：
仿写：
(1)天气允许的话，我们明天就去郊游。
______________________, we’ll go on an outing tomorrow.
(2)向导领着路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林。
________________________________, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
答案：
1.虽然我的工作偶尔也有危险，但是我并不在乎，因为危险让我兴奋，使我感到有活力。
(1)Although I have a car I seldom use it
(2)although they are poor
2. 收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。 (1)Having finished all the work
(2)Having lived in the city for many years
3. 我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。
(1)He was about to leave when the telephone rang.
(2)We were about to have breakfast when he came this morning.
4. 另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。
(1)Weather permitting
(2)The guide leading the way
一、单项填空
1. People who don’t smoke have less________ of suffering from lung disease than those who do so.
A. potential B. cause C. hope D. problem
2. Mr. Black is a careful and experienced engineer, so he is often________ to finish some challenging tasks.
A. appreciated B. approached C. appointed D. agreed
3. Although the shirt________ me well, but the colour doesn’t________ me. So I don’t want to buy it.
A. fits; fit for B. fits; suit C. fits for; suit D. is fit for; fit
4. Mr. Smith, ________ of the________ speech, started to read a novel.
A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring
5. His house was________ due to the big fire, ________ made him homeless.
A. burnt to the ground; which
B. rebuilt; what
C. painted; that
D. run out of; which
6. We were just________ calling you up________ you came in.
A. about; when
B. on the point of; while
C. on the point of; when
D. on the point; as
7. ________ in the field all day, I felt very tired.
A. Working B. Having worked C. Worked D. Work
8. ________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A. Compare B. When comparing
C. Comparing D. When compared
9. The young man rushed out of the room, ________ into his car and started it hurriedly, ________ to get to the hospital as soon as possible.
A. got; hoped B. getting; and hoped
C. got; hoping D. getting; hoped
10. —Do you think there is possibility that they will win the game?
—________.They don’t co-operate with each other well.
A. Absolutely B. Absolute not
C. Absolutely not D. Certainly
答案：1.A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. C
二、词义辨析
1. 用suit, fit, match的适当形式填空
(1)Her shoes ________ her dress; they look very well together.
(2)—How about eight o’clock outside the cinema?
—That ________ me fine.
(3)Do you think this colour ________ me?
(4)I tried the dress on but it didn’t ________ me. It was too small.
2. 用force, strength, power, energy的适当形式填空
(1)I did everything in my ________ to help her.
(2)The army took control of the region by ________.
(3)He hasn’t got enough ________ to lift the box.
(4)As we all know, knowledge is ________.
(5)—You are always full of ________.Can you tell me the secret?
—Taking plenty of exercise every day.
答案：
1.(1)match (2)suits (3)suits (4)fit
2. (1)power (2)force (3)strength (4)power (5)energy
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项填空
1. My mother always gets a bit________ if we don’t arrive when we say we will.
A. anxious B. ashamed C. weak D. patient
2. The little boy trembled________ fear when he saw the snake coming towards him.
A. for B. in C. with D. over
3. The new soldier________ the target, but didn’t________ it again, which was expected.
A. shot; shoot B. shot at; shoot
C. shot; shoot at D. shot at; shoot at
4. Mary has a great________ of interests, such as traveling, hiking and playing chess.
A. kind B. difference C. sort D. diversity
5. The fridge is________ for one year. The company will repair or replace it if it breaks down within a year.
A. permitted B. promised C. arranged D. guaranteed
6. The baby was lucky enough to escape________ in the earthquake.
A. being killed B. killing C. to kill D. to be killed
7. After a successful operation, Catherine is beginning to________ and will soon come back to school.
A. pick up B. wake up C. grow up D. show up
8. The sudden eruption of the volcano took the local people________ surprise.
A. in B. by C. to D. with
9. He hurried to the supermarket, only________ he had left his wallet at home.
A. to find B. found C. finding D. find
10. It is often ________ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.
A. said B. to say C. saying D. being said
答案：1.A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. A
二、完形填空
Scientists have searched for many years for a__1__to tell whether a volcano__2__will be small or large. Now, four scientists say they have discovered something in__3__that will help do this.They__4__the research on Mount Unzen on the southern Japanese island of Kyushu.
Mount Unzen exploded__5__November, 1990.Since then, more explosions__6__43 people and destroyed the homes of more than 2,000 others. The volcano is still__7__today.
The scientists say the lava of the volcano__8__high level of an element (成分), __9__is a sign of the presence of the lava from deep in the earth, not from the surface. They say it shows that the lava__10__directly from inside the earth is__11__with huge explosions instead of smaller ones.
The scientists examined the lava from 18 explosions of Mount Unzen that took place during many__12__of years.They__13__studied the lava from other volcanoes in the area that are older than Mount Unzen. The lava studied came from__14__large and small explosions. The scientists found that large explosions contained__15__of the element than small__16__.The scientists say if they__17__this two years earlier, they__18__the people living in the area__19__Mount Unzen and saved many__20__.
1. A. glance
B. method
C. motor
D. panic
2. A. eruption
B. climate
C. aspect
D. district
3. A. lung
B. ash
C. lava
D. crater
4. A. stated
B. teased
C. compared
D. did
5. A. in
B. on
C. from
D. off
6. A. have quitted
B. have uttered
C. have focused
D. have killed
7. A. active
B. abstract
C. ridiculous
D. mental
8. A. tries
B. manages
C. stresses
D. contains
9. A. which
B. that
C. if
D. when
10. A. going
B. coming
C. ending
D. losing
11. A. decreased
B. bored
C. swallowed
D. connected
12. A. hundred
B. ten
C. number
D. thousands
13. A. also
B. either
C. too
D. as well as
14. A. one
B. neither
C. both
D. three
15. A. more
B. much
C. less
D. few
16. A. that
B. those
C. ones
D. this
17. A. knew
B. had known
C. know
D. knowing
18. A. warn
B. could have warned
C. will warn
D. can warn
19. A. on
B. near
C. away
D. besides
20. A. lives
B. life
C. live
D. believes
答案：1.B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. A
二、阅读理解
Animals and Earthquakes
Scientists who try to predict earthquakes have got some new helpers recently—animals.
Scientists have begun to catch on to what farmers have known for thousands of years. Animals often seem to know in advance that an earthquake is coming, and they show their fear by acting in strange ways. Before a Chinese quake in 1975 snakes awoke from their winter sleep early only to freeze to death in the cold air. Cows broke their halters (缰绳) and tried to escape. Chickens refused to enter their coops. All of this unusual behavior, as well as physical changes in Earth, alerted Chinese scientists to the coming quake. They moved people away from the dangerous area and saved thousands of lives.
One task for scientists today is to learn exactly which types of animals’ behavior predicts quakes. It’s not an easy job. First of all, not every animal can react to the danger of an earthquake. Just before a California quake in 1977, for example, an Arabian horse became very nervous and tried to break out of his stall. The horse next to it, however, reminded perfectly calm. It’s also difficult at times to tell the difference between normal animals restless and “earthquake nerves”. A zoo keeper
once called earthquake researchers to say that his cougar (美洲狮) had been acting strangely. It turned out that the cat had an upset stomach!
A second task for scientists is to find out exactly what kind of warnings the animals receive. They know that animals sense far more of the world than humans do. Many animals can see, hear, and smell things that people do not even notice. Some can detect tiny changes in air pressure, gravity, or the magnetism (磁力) of Earth. This extra sense probably helps animals predict quakes.
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Animals don’t know when an earthquake is coming.
B. Animals can predict earthquakes.
C. The author doesn’t know whether the animals can feel the coming of an earthquake or not.
D. Human beings have to move the animals away before an earthquake is coming.
2. Some animals could predict earthquakes because they can detect tiny changes________.
A. in the air pressure
B. in gravity
C. in the magnetism of the earth
D. all of the above
3. How do all the animals exactly know when an earthquake is coming?
A. By their extra senses.
B. By the changes in air pressure, gravity or the magnetism.
C. People don’t know exactly.
D. The passage doesn’t mention it.
4. The author’s purpose is mainly to________.
A. express an argument
B. make a serious proposal
C. present a discovery
D. express suspicions
答案：1.B 2. D 3. C 4. C
Last year I was put into a lower-level math class at school. The reason I was in this class had nothing to do with my intellect or math skills. I am blind.
The only problem with being in this class was that I was surrounded by “at-risk” students. These were kids who did not do well in school and they were constantly in trouble with the school and the law.
One Tuesday morning, I went to a Christian Student Union meeting before school. There was a guest speaker there that day talking to us about praying for our enemies. I began to think about this. As I considered the idea, I prayed and asked God how I could pray for the kids in my class. I had forgotten that they weren’t bad kids; they were just lost.
At first, the prayers were mechanical. When I would hear their voices in class, I would pray, “Dear God, please bless so-and-so...” But as I continued, I began to think of the kids more often, and in my quiet time at home I would ask God to bless the rest of my classmates.
As time went on, my classmates became more than just annoying kids to me. There was something growing inside my heart for them, something that wasn’t there before. They began to feel like family, and I was learning to love them in a way I never thought possible.
I now see that praying is such a powerful act. Prayer is the most powerful tool a Christian has. When I pray for those around me, it also blesses my life, and it changes my opinion of others. I realized I needed God’s blessings to see the world through loving eyes. The prayers I said for others turned out to help me the most.
1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Praying for your enemies.
B. The experience of the writer.
C. How to get along with the kids.
D. How to solve the problem about the “at-risk” students.
2. What did the writer think about the kids at first?
A. They were lovely and friendly.
B. They were always asking for trouble.
C. They were as blind as the writer.
D. They were less reliable.
3. What made the writer change his opinion about the kids?
A. The suggestion made by the teacher.
B. The idea about praying at a Christian Student Union meeting.
C. The experience with the bad kids.
D. The change with the time going by.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The kids in the writer’s class are bad.
B. As time went on, the classmates became annoying.
C. After praying, the writer changed his opinion of his classmates immediately.
D. By praying for others, the writer learned a lot.
答案：1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D
Nature’s anger made life miserable from one end of the United States to the other this week, with people forced out of their homes by wildfires near both coasts and the Canadian border and by major flooding in the Midwest.
And although the calendar still said spring, the first named storm of the year was whipping up surf on the beaches of the Southeast. Overall, it wasn’t quite a week for the record books.
“It’s a major flood, ” National Weather Service meteorologist (气象学家) Suzanne Fortin said of the flood in Missouri.“It won’t be a record breaker, but it will be in the top three.”
However, a three-week-old fire in southern Georgia had become that state’s biggest in five decades after burning 269 square km of forest and wet land.
Smoke-filled air created a burning smell and a dusting of ashes that coated cars and buildings through much of Florida and southeastern Georgia. The fog over most of Florida even closed several highways and sent people with breathing problems indoors.
The flooding was produced by the wet weekend thunderstorms across the Plains states that also destroyed Greensburg, Kansas. In addition to 11 tornadoes deaths, two drowning deaths were blamed on the storms, one each in Oklahoma and Kansas.
High water had poured over the tops of at least 20 levees (大堤) along the Missouri River and other streams in the state, authorities said on Wednesday.
Missouri National Guard troops were helping. And Highway Patrol (巡逻) troopers were working 24-hour shifts near Big Lake, a village town of about 150 in the state’s northwest corner, which was flooded by five levee breaks along the Missouri River and four smaller ones on other streams, said patrol Lieutenant John Hotz.
No injuries were reported but the Missouri Water Patrol rescued about 20 people from their flooded homes, including Glenn Burger, who had the patrol return him to his home to rescue his two pet cockatiels (澳洲鹦鹉).
1. What is uncommon about the weather this year?
A. The storm happened in spring.
B. The storm lasted a long time.
C. The wind brought about flood.
D. The tornado struck a large area.
2. What can we say about the natural disaster which happened this year?
A. This year the biggest flood happened in history.
B. The damage caused by disasters is the greatest.
C. This year saw the biggest fire in the US in recent years.
D. Most lives were lost in American history this year.
3. It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A. some highway accidents were caused in the fire
B. 13 deaths altogether were caused in Greensburg
C. flood broke most of the river banks of Missouri
D. the big fire was caused by the strong storm
4. Two pet cockatiels are talked about in the last paragraph in order to________.
A. show Americans were fond of their pet
B. show no injuries were caused in the flood
C. tell us humans could get over the flood
D. tell us pets were friends of our humans
答案：1. A 2. C 3. A 4. B
Unit5 The power of nature-语法篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
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理解非谓语动词的含义和用法；
能够正确运用非谓语动词进行造句，并做对相关题目。
一、定义：非谓语动词是在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式
在句中可起名词,形容词,副词的作用,在句中充当主语,宾语,表语,补语,定语或状语.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分
3种形式：不定式，分词（现在分词、过去分词），动名词
二、非谓语动词用法：
（一）动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
1. 不定式的形式：（以动词write为例）
否定式：not + (to) do
（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后，例如：
I'm glad to meet you.
He seems to know a lot.
We plan to pay a visit.
He wants to be an artist.
The patient asked to be operated on at once.
The teacher ordered the work to be done.
（2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如：
The boy pretended to be working hard.
He seems to be reading in his room.
（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：
I regretted to have told a lie.
I happened to have seen the film.
He is pleased to have met his friend.
2. 不定式的句法功能：
（1）作主语：
To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.
To lose your heart means failure.
动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上面两句可用如下形式：
It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.
It means failure to lose your heart.
常用句式有：
1. It+be+名词+to do
2. It takes sb. +some time +to do
3. It+be+形容词+for sb. +to do
常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。
（2）作表语：
Her job is to clean the hall.
He appears to have caught a cold.
（3）作宾语：
常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，例如：
Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如：
He gave us some advice on how to learn English.
（4）作宾语补足语：
在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.
此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如：
With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinema.
有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to, 如：
I saw him cross the road.
He was seen to cross the road.
（5）作定语：
动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系：
①动宾关系：
I have a meeting to attend.
注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如：
He found a good house to live in.
The child has nothing to worry about.
What did you open it with?
如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词：
He has no place to live.
This is the best way to work out this problem.
如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：
Have you got anything to send?
Have you got anything to be sent?
②说明所修饰名词的内容：
We have made a plan to finish the work.
③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语（主谓关系）：
He is the first to get here.
（6）作状语：
①表目的：
He worked day and night to get the money.
She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.
注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：
wrong：To save money, every means has been tried.
right：To save money, he has tried every means.
wrong：To learn English well, a dictionary is needed.
right：To learn English well, he needs a dictionary.
②表结果：
He arrived late to find the train gone.
常用only放在不定式前表示强调：
I visited him only to find him out.
③表原因：
They were very sad to hear the news.
④表程度：
It's too dark for us to see anything.
The question is simple for him to answer.
（7）不定式的省略：保留to省略do动词。
If you don't want to do it, you don't need to.
（8）不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to。
He wished to study medicine and become a doctor.
（二）动名词：
动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。
1. 动名词的形式：
否定式：not + 动名词
（1）一般式：
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
（2）被动式：
He came to the party without being invited. 他未被邀请就来到了晚会。
（3）完成式：
We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。
（4）完成被动式：
He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.
他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。
（5）否定式：not + 动名词
I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。
（6）复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格）+ 动名词
He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。
His not knowing English troubled him a lot.
他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。
2. 动名词的句法功能：
（1）作主语：
Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。
Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。
当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。
It's no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。
（2）作表语：
In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs.
在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。
（3）作宾语：
They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。
We have to prevent the air from being polluted.
我们必须阻止空气被污染。
注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语，如上面两个例句。此外，动名词作宾语时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语it，例如：
We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。
要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：
enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid（避免）, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认），deny（否认）, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险）, appreciate（感激）, be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't help（情不自禁地）, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…（from）,protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like
（4）作定语：
He can't walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。
Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗？
（5）作同位语：
The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞，他藏身的地方很秘密。
His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged.
他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。
（三）现在分词：
现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。
1、现在分词的形式：
否定式：not + 现在分词
（1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。例如：
They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。
Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业，他开始打篮球。
（2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。
The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。
Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.
被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。
2. 现在分词的句法功能：
（1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。
In the following years he worked even harder.
在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。
The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.
正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.
（2）现在分词作表语：
The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。
The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。
（3）作宾语补足语：
如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：
see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如：
Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？
He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。
（4）现在分词作状语：
①作时间状语：
(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。
②作原因状语：
Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。
③作方式状语，表示伴随：
He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里，又擦又洗。
④作条件状语：
(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.
要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。
⑤作结果状语：
He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。
⑥作目的状语：
He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。
⑦作让步状语：
Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。
（四）过去分词：
过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。
过去分词的句法功能：
1. 过去分词作定语：
Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。
注意当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
2. 过去分词作表语：
The window is broken. 窗户破了。
They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。
有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的，不表示被动，只表示完成。如：
boiled water（开水） fallen leaves（落叶）
newly arrived goods（新到的货） the risen sun（升起的太阳）
the changed world（变了的世界）
这类过去分词有：gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。
3. 过去分词作宾语补足语：
I heard the song sung several times last week.
上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。
有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语：
With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了，他们出去玩去了。
4. 过去分词作状语：
Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.
受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。（表示原因）
Once seen, it can never be forgotten.
一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。（表示时间）
Given more time, I'll be able to do it better.
如果给予更多的时间，我能做得更好。（表示条件）
Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.
虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。（表示让步）
Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧，他走进山洞。
1. (2014·江苏南通二模)Carbon dioxide is said ________the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.
A. to be heated B. to be heating
C. to have heated D. to have been heated
2. (2013·南昌二模)Nuclear radiation is said ________the biggest health challenge in Japanese Earthquake over the past few months.
A. being B. to be
C. to have been D. that it is
3. (2014·安徽江南十校摸底)Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world, ________some living patterns，scientists say.
A. changes B. changed
C. changing D. change
4. (2013·鹰潭市二模)All the task ________ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week.
A. had been finished B. having been finished
C. were finished D. having finished
5. (2014·银川一中第四次考试)The girl in the photo was smiling sweetly, ________.
A. her long hair flowed in the breeze
B. her long hair was flowing in the breeze
C. her long hair flow in the breeze
D. her long hair flowing in the breeze
基础演练
一、单项填空
1. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, ________the students to return to their classrooms.
A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled
2. He had a wonderful childhood, ________with his mother to all corners of the world.
A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling
3. It rained heavily in the south, ________serious flooding in several provinces.
A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause
4. The lawyer listened with full attention, ________to miss any point.
A. not trying B. trying not C. to try not D. not to try
5. The lady walked around the shops, ________an eye out for bargains.
A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep
6. ________ her e-mail, I wrote her another one, telling her what I wanted her to do.
A. Having not received B. Not having received
C. Not receiving D. Receiving not
7. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information.
A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope
8. ________ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited
9. Hearing the bad news, he hurried home, ________ the book________ open on the table.
A. left; lain B. leaving; lie C. left; lie D. leaving; lying
10. —I must apologize for________ ahead of time.
—That’s all right.
A. letting you not know B. not letting you know
C. letting you know not D. letting not you know
11. ________ many times, he finally understood it.
A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told
12. Finding her car stolen, ________.
A. a policeman was asked to help
B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it is looked for everywhere
D. she hurried to a policeman for help
13. ________, the children went to the park.
A. It was a fine day
B. Being a fine day
C. It being a fine day
D. Because the fine weather
14. ________ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual.
A. Not know B. Not known C. Knowing not D. Not knowing
15. He was busy writing a story, only________ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. having stopped
巩固提高
一、句型转换
1. After he had finished his homework, the little boy began to play football.
________ ________ his homework, the little boy began to play football.
2. Because they had been warned by their parents, they didn’t dare to go out at night.
________ ________ ________ by their parents, they didn’t dare to go out at night.
3. If it is sunny, we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow.
________ ________ ________, we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow.
4. If you think it over, you will have a good idea.
________ ________ ________, you will have a good idea.
5. As I don’t know much English, I’m afraid I can’t express clearly.
________ ________ much English, I’m afraid I can’t express clearly.
二、用现在分词作状语翻译下列句子
1. 布朗先生刷过牙, 就下楼来吃早饭。
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2. 我们坐火车访问了很多城市。
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3. 他的父母双亡, 他成了孤儿。
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4. 男孩大喊着跑开了。
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5. 从她口音判断, 她准是四川人。
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三、短文改错
As summer vacation are coming soon, my classmates are trying very hardly to get train tickets to go home. But I have made up my minds to spend the vacation far from home for first time in my life. My parents have agreed to visiting me, and I will have a different vacation. When they came here, I will show them around my university and the city just as well. I have decided to buy me some nice gifts. It will be a big surprising for them. My parents have done a lot for me, and I think it is high time that I did anything special to express my thanks.
1. My advisor encouraged ____ a summer course to improve my writing skills.
A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take
2. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.
A. don’t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make
3. ____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
A .Having given B.To give C. Giving D. Given
4. Mr. Smith, ____ of the ____ speech, started to read a novel.
A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring
5. Generally speaking, ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken
6. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered ____ clear warning before firing any shot.
A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued
7.____ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.
A. The president will attend B. The president to attend
C. The president attended D. The president’s attending
8. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _____whether he was going in the right direction.
A seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see
9. The 30th Olympic Games，officially ________ as “London 2012 Olympic Games”, will take place from July 27 to August 12.
A. know B. to know C. known D. knowing
10. Prices began to climb noticeably last year，____a historical high in November.
A. hit B. to hit C. hitting D. being hit
11.Some seemingly harmless blogs might become harmful when _____ on the Internet by millions of people.
A. to read B. reading C. read D. being read
12. ______ the housing price, several measures have been adopted in the last two years.
A. Lowering B. Having lowered C. To lower D. To have lowered
13. I wish that the elderly would live in comfort without worry or health problems in the years they have .
A. left B. leaving C. to leave D. being left
14. Friends are like leaves, ___ everywhere, but true friends are like diamonds, precious and rare.
A. to find B. finding C. found D. being found
15. It's reported that 289 more trains were added ___ passengers on Sunday to meet the needs of those ___ home for the Spring Festival.
A. to take; returning B. taking; returning
C. taken; to return D. take: returned
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一、单项选择
1. —The child is said to have________ gift for teaching deaf children.
—She’s something. I think it calls for________ patience and imagination.
A. a; the B. the; the C. a; / D. /; a
2. He was appointed________ a very important post in the West, where he would improve himself better.
A. to be B. as C. to D. for
3. They adapted the TV series to________ the taste of the audience.
A. match B. suit C. fit D. compare
4. She waited in________ for her mother’s letter.
A. anxious B. anxiety C. anxiously D. nervous
5. The film is said to have won several Oscar Awards and I can________ you will enjoy it.
A. announce B. guarantee C. analyze D. evaluate
6. He is quite sure that it’s________ impossible for him to fulfill the task within two days.
A. absolutely B. only C. fully D. roughly
7. If you want to________, you must learn to work hard while you are still young.
A. make your way B. make its way
C. make a way D. make the way
8. He________ through the menu, finding nothing that interested him________ particular.
A. noticed; on B. glanced; in
C. looked; on D. looks; in
9. He is unfortunate to have his house________.
A. burnt to the ground B. rebuilt up
C. painted well D. run out of
10. They were about to start out________ their friends called them up from Shanghai.
A. when B. while C. until D. before
11. ________ water，people in this village seldom take a bath, which is hard to imagine.
A. Lacking B. To lack C. Lacked D. Lack
12. He is said________ to the country twice.
A. to be B. being
C. having been D. to have been
13. Having lost his key, ________.
A. he couldn’t enter the room
B. the gatekeeper offered to help
C. the door was forced open
D. the room couldn’t be entered
14. When the thunderstorm suddenly came, he found himself________ in the forest.
A. lose B. to lose C. losing D. lost
15. —Bruce, I really appreciate your handwriting.
—________.
A. I practise every day
B. Thank you very much
C. No，I don’t think so
D. Well，it’s not good enough
16. There is________ quality in the students’ ability, which demands different teaching methods.
A. diverse B. consequent C. bare D. automatic
17. Bad habits are easily________ while good ones are hard to develop.
A. made up B. caught up C. drawn up D. picked up
18. The weather was________ cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.
A. really B. such C. too D. so
19. Not only________ polluted but also________ crowded.
A. the city was; were the streets
B. was the city; the streets were
C. the city was; the streets were
D. was the city; were the streets
20. ________ to reach them on the phone，we sent an email instead.
A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed
二、完形填空
People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bells. Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the__21__and have made up their minds to__22__the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest against heavy trucks which run__23__through the narrow High Street.“They not only make it __24__to sleep at night, but they are __25__ damage to our houses and shops of historical __26__, ”said John Norris, one of the protesters.
“__27__ we must have these noisy trucks on the roads, ” said Jean Lacey, a biology student, “why don’t they build a new road that goes round the town?” Burlington isn’t much more than a __28__ village. Its streets were never __29__for heavy traffic.
Harry Fields also studying __30__ said they wanted to make as much __31__possible to force the government officials to realize what everybody has to __32__.“Most of them don’t __33__ here anyway, ” he said, “they come in for meetings and that, and the Town Hall is soundproof, so they probably don’t __34__.It’s high time they realized the problem.” The fourth student, Liza Vernum, said she thought the public were __35__ on their side, and even if they weren’t, they soon would be.
I asked if they were __36__ that the police might come to __37__them.
“Not really, ” she said, “actually we are __38__ bellringers. I mean we are assistant bellringers for the church. There is no __39__ against practising.”
I __40__ the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.
21. A. college
B. village
C. town
D. church
22. A. change
B. repair
C. ring
D. shake
23. A. now and then
B. day and night
C. up and down
D. over and over
24. A. terrible
B. difficult
C. uncomfortable
D. unpleasant
25. A. doing
B. raising
C. putting
D. producing
26. A. scene
B. period
C. interest
D. sense
27. A. If
B. Although
C. When
D. Unless
28. A. pretty
B. quite
C. large
D. modern
29. A. tested
B. meant
C. kept
D. used
30. A. well
B. hard
C. biology
D. education
31. A. effort
B. time
C. trouble
D. noise
32. A. stand
B. accept
C. know
D. share
33. A. shop
B. live
C. come
D. study
34. A. notice
B. mention
C. fear
D. control
35. A. hardly
B. unwillingly
C. mostly
D. usually
36. A. surprised
B. afraid
C. pleased
D. determined
37. A. seize
B. fight
C. search
D. stop
38. A. proper
B. experienced
C. hopeful
D. serious
39. A. point
B. cause
C. need
D. law
40. A. left
B. found
C. reached
D. pass
三、阅读理解
Hundreds of Chinese orphaned (使成孤儿) by the 1976 Tangshan earthquake have offered to take care of victims of the big earthquake in Sichuan, state media said on Thursday.
And more than 300 children orphaned in the Lijiang earthquake of 1996 have donated a year’s pocket money.
Zhang Youlu was nine when his parents died in the quake in Tangshan, about 180km east of Beijing, which flattened the city and killed as many as 300,000 people.
“My heart ached when I saw those children who lost both parents in the quake—babies who survived under the protection of dead parents and older children who find it hard to believe that their parents are dead, ” Zhang told Xinhua news agency.
Nine days after the 8.0-magnitude earthquake hit Sichuan Province, the number of dead and missing has risen to more than 74,000, with a further 247,000 injured. Two days after the May 12,2008 quake, Zhang put a posting on the Internet, calling on all Tangshan orphans to step up to help.
Hundreds of people have since answered his call with cash donations and offers of foster (领养) care.
Liu Yuanping, a government employee in Tangshan, said he wanted to pass on a message to all quake orphans in Sichuan.“Be strong and be brave. You’ll all grow up like everyone else.”
In Lijiang in Yunnan Province, south of Sichuan, orphans donated a total of 15,174 yuan ($2,200). “We hope the orphaned children in the earthquake can have a warm Children’s Day on June 1, ” 16-year-old schoolgirl Xiao Yun, who together with her schoolmates was orphaned by the 7.0-magnitude strength quake that destroyed Lijiang in 1996, said.
1. It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A. 300 children donate a year’s pocket money
B. Victims of the earthquake in Sichuan are well cared for
C. China’s former earthquake orphans reach out to Sichuan earthquake victims
D. Victims of the earthquake in Sichuan find new homes
2. The underlined word “flattened” in Paragraph 3 means “________”.
A. destroyed B. moved
C. organized D. rose
3. According to the passage, which of the following statements might NOT be true?
A. Zhang Youlu lost both of his parents in the earthquake in Tangshan.
B. About 300,000 people lost their lives in the earthquake in Tangshan.
C. Zhang Youlu survived the Tangshan earthquake after being protected by his parents.
D. Xiao Yun is not the only child who was orphaned by the quake in Lijiang in her class.
4. It is implied in the passage that________.
A. many employees of Tangshan government have also donated money
B. many of the Sichuan orphans have been adopted by the Tangshan orphans
C. the Sichuan earthquake was much more serious than the Tangshan earthquake
D. Zhang’s posting on the Internet was well received by the Tangshan orphans
A passenger plane carrying 90 people, including a Kyrgyz high school sports team, crashed shortly after take-off on Sunday near the Kyrgyz capital, killing 68, government officials said.
The Boeing 737 was headed to Iran when it crashed near Bishkek’s Manas International Airport, said government spokeswoman Roza Daudova.Twenty-two people, including two crew members, survived the accident.Earlier, Daudova had said there were at least 71 dead and 25 survivors, but she later gave lower numbers.
Eighteen survivors were sent to hospital, and four others were sent home with no serious injuries, according to Daudova. Daudova also said the people on board included 24 Kyrgyz citizens,52 Iranians, three Kazakhs, two Canadians, one citizen of Turkey and one Chinese.
An airport official said the crew reported a technical (技术的) problem about 10 minutes after the plane took off and that the plane was returning to the airport when it crashed.
Several government officials said the plane belonged to Itek Air, a Kyrgyz company, but was operated by Iran Aseman Airlines.But Mamytov, the presidential adviser, said the plane was both owned and operated by Itek Air.
Itek Air has been banned from operating in the sky of the European Union because of failure to meet safety standards (标准), according to a list published by the EU July 24,2008.
Kyrgyzstan is a poor, mountainous country west of China. The US air base in the ex-Soviet Republic of Kyrgyzstan supports operations in nearby Afghanistan.
Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan and the country’s largest city, has a population of about 1 million and is situated in the northern part of the Central Asian nation.
1. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. A Passenger Plane Crashes—Killing 68
B. 68 Die,22 Survive Airliner Crash in Kyrgyzstan
C. A Kyrgyz High School Sports Team Experiences an Air Crash
D. 68 People Lose Their Lives on the Way to Iran
2. All of the following about the air crash are true EXCEPT that________.
A. the plane crashed not long after it took off
B. altogether 22 passengers survived the air crash
C. it happened near the Kyrgyz capital
D. some of the survivors were not seriously injured
3. Why has Itek Air been banned from operating in the sky of the European Union?
A. Because it was not established in a legal way.
B. Because it failed to meet the required safety standards.
C. Because it had too many air crash records.
D. Because its services on board were too poor.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. A Chinese died in that air crash.
B. The crew had tried to avoid the crash but failed.
C. The employees of Itek Air are not well trained.
D. The crashed plane belonged to Iran Aseman Airlines
四、书面表达
在生活中，我们并不总是一帆风顺的，总会碰到一些困难。面对困难，有的人积极乐观，直面困难，解决困难；有的人消极悲观，逃避困难。对于中学生，敢于面对困难，战胜困难，可以更好地锻炼自己，使自己茁壮成长。请就此写一篇文章，并谈谈你的看法。
要求：1.对所给要点，逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译；
2. 词数100～120。开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
Life is not always full of smiles and flowers. Every person has his own difficulties no matter how high his position or how great his achievement is.
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Unit5 The power of nature-语法篇
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理解非谓语动词的含义和用法；
能够正确运用非谓语动词进行造句，并做对相关题目。
一、定义：非谓语动词是在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式
在句中可起名词,形容词,副词的作用,在句中充当主语,宾语,表语,补语,定语或状语.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分
3种形式：不定式，分词（现在分词、过去分词），动名词
二、非谓语动词用法：
（一）动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
1. 不定式的形式：（以动词write为例）
否定式：not + (to) do
（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后，例如：
I'm glad to meet you.
He seems to know a lot.
We plan to pay a visit.
He wants to be an artist.
The patient asked to be operated on at once.
The teacher ordered the work to be done.
（2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如：
The boy pretended to be working hard.
He seems to be reading in his room.
（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：
I regretted to have told a lie.
I happened to have seen the film.
He is pleased to have met his friend.
2. 不定式的句法功能：
（1）作主语：
To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.
To lose your heart means failure.
动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上面两句可用如下形式：
It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.
It means failure to lose your heart.
常用句式有：
1. It+be+名词+to do
2. It takes sb. +some time +to do
3. It+be+形容词+for sb. +to do
常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。
（2）作表语：
Her job is to clean the hall.
He appears to have caught a cold.
（3）作宾语：
常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，例如：
Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如：
He gave us some advice on how to learn English.
（4）作宾语补足语：
在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.
此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如：
With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinema.
有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to, 如：
I saw him cross the road.
He was seen to cross the road.
（5）作定语：
动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系：
①动宾关系：
I have a meeting to attend.
注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如：
He found a good house to live in.
The child has nothing to worry about.
What did you open it with?
如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词：
He has no place to live.
This is the best way to work out this problem.
如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：
Have you got anything to send?
Have you got anything to be sent?
②说明所修饰名词的内容：
We have made a plan to finish the work.
③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语（主谓关系）：
He is the first to get here.
（6）作状语：
①表目的：
He worked day and night to get the money.
She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.
注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：
wrong：To save money, every means has been tried.
right：To save money, he has tried every means.
wrong：To learn English well, a dictionary is needed.
right：To learn English well, he needs a dictionary.
②表结果：
He arrived late to find the train gone.
常用only放在不定式前表示强调：
I visited him only to find him out.
③表原因：
They were very sad to hear the news.
④表程度：
It's too dark for us to see anything.
The question is simple for him to answer.
（7）不定式的省略：保留to省略do动词。
If you don't want to do it, you don't need to.
（8）不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to。
He wished to study medicine and become a doctor.
（二）动名词：
动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。
1. 动名词的形式：
否定式：not + 动名词
（1）一般式：
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
（2）被动式：
He came to the party without being invited. 他未被邀请就来到了晚会。
（3）完成式：
We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。
（4）完成被动式：
He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.
他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。
（5）否定式：not + 动名词
I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。
（6）复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格）+ 动名词
He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。
His not knowing English troubled him a lot.
他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。
2. 动名词的句法功能：
（1）作主语：
Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。
Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。
当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。
It's no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。
（2）作表语：
In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs.
在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。
（3）作宾语：
They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。
We have to prevent the air from being polluted.
我们必须阻止空气被污染。
注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语，如上面两个例句。此外，动名词作宾语时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语it，例如：
We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。
要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：
enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid（避免）, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认），deny（否认）, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险）, appreciate（感激）, be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't help（情不自禁地）, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…（from）,protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like
（4）作定语：
He can't walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。
Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗？
（5）作同位语：
The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞，他藏身的地方很秘密。
His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged.
他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。
（三）现在分词：
现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。
1、现在分词的形式：
否定式：not + 现在分词
（1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。例如：
They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。
Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业，他开始打篮球。
（2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。
The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。
Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.
被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。
2. 现在分词的句法功能：
（1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。
In the following years he worked even harder.
在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。
The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.
正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.
（2）现在分词作表语：
The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。
The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。
（3）作宾语补足语：
如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：
see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如：
Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？
He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。
（4）现在分词作状语：
①作时间状语：
(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。
②作原因状语：
Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。
③作方式状语，表示伴随：
He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里，又擦又洗。
④作条件状语：
(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.
要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。
⑤作结果状语：
He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。
⑥作目的状语：
He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。
⑦作让步状语：
Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。
（四）过去分词：
过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。
过去分词的句法功能：
1. 过去分词作定语：
Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。
注意当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
2. 过去分词作表语：
The window is broken. 窗户破了。
They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。
有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的，不表示被动，只表示完成。如：
boiled water（开水） fallen leaves（落叶）
newly arrived goods（新到的货） the risen sun（升起的太阳）
the changed world（变了的世界）
这类过去分词有：gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。
3. 过去分词作宾语补足语：
I heard the song sung several times last week.
上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。
有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语：
With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了，他们出去玩去了。
4. 过去分词作状语：
Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.
受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。（表示原因）
Once seen, it can never be forgotten.
一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。（表示时间）
Given more time, I'll be able to do it better.
如果给予更多的时间，我能做得更好。（表示条件）
Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.
虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。（表示让步）
Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧，他走进山洞。
1. (2014·江苏南通二模)Carbon dioxide is said ________the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.
A. to be heated B. to be heating
C. to have heated D. to have been heated
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：据说二氧化碳正以先前所担忧的两倍的速度加热着地球。be said ＋to do意为“据说……”，Carbon dioxide与heat之间是主谓关系，而且heat这一动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，所以用不定式的进行式。
答案：B
2. (2013·南昌二模)Nuclear radiation is said ________the biggest health challenge in Japanese Earthquake over the past few months.
A. being B. to be
C. to have been D. that it is
解析：考查非谓语动词。“sb./sth.＋be＋reported/said/believed/thought etc.＋to do sth.(＝It is/was＋reported/said/believed/thought etc.＋that...)”为常用句式，由此可排除A和D选项。且根据题干中的时间状语“over the past few months”可知，空格处应该使用不定式的完成式。
答案：C
3. (2014·安徽江南十校摸底)Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world, ________some living patterns，scientists say.
A. changes B. changed
C. changing D. change
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：科学家们说，全球变暖正在影响着数百种的动植物并且改变了它们的一些生活方式。此处changing some living patterns作伴随状语。
答案：C
4. (2013·鹰潭市二模)All the task ________ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week.
A. had been finished B. having been finished
C. were finished D. having finished
解析：考查独立主格结构。句意为：所有的工作都已提前完成，他们决定去度假一周。本题为独立主格结构，task为finish的逻辑主语。句式分析：逗号后面为一完整句子，两句话之间没有任何连词，因此前面不能再为句子，故首先可排除A、C两项，又因为task与finish之间为被动关系，因此可排除D项。
答案：B
5. (2014·银川一中第四次考试)The girl in the photo was smiling sweetly, ________.
A. her long hair flowed in the breeze
B. her long hair was flowing in the breeze
C. her long hair flow in the breeze
D. her long hair flowing in the breeze
解析：考查独立主格。句意为：照片中的女孩在甜蜜地微笑，长发在微风中飘扬。本句的后半句是独立主格结构，hair与flow之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故选D。
答案：D
基础演练
一、单项填空
1. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, ________the students to return to their classrooms.
A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled
2. He had a wonderful childhood, ________with his mother to all corners of the world.
A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling
3. It rained heavily in the south, ________serious flooding in several provinces.
A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause
4. The lawyer listened with full attention, ________to miss any point.
A. not trying B. trying not C. to try not D. not to try
5. The lady walked around the shops, ________an eye out for bargains.
A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep
6. ________ her e-mail, I wrote her another one, telling her what I wanted her to do.
A. Having not received B. Not having received
C. Not receiving D. Receiving not
7. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information.
A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope
8. ________ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited
9. Hearing the bad news, he hurried home, ________ the book________ open on the table.
A. left; lain B. leaving; lie C. left; lie D. leaving; lying
10. —I must apologize for________ ahead of time.
—That’s all right.
A. letting you not know B. not letting you know
C. letting you know not D. letting not you know
11. ________ many times, he finally understood it.
A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told
12. Finding her car stolen, ________.
A. a policeman was asked to help
B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it is looked for everywhere
D. she hurried to a policeman for help
13. ________, the children went to the park.
A. It was a fine day
B. Being a fine day
C. It being a fine day
D. Because the fine weather
14. ________ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual.
A. Not know B. Not known C. Knowing not D. Not knowing
15. He was busy writing a story, only________ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. having stopped
答案：1.A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. D 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B
巩固提高
一、句型转换
1. After he had finished his homework, the little boy began to play football.
________ ________ his homework, the little boy began to play football.
2. Because they had been warned by their parents, they didn’t dare to go out at night.
________ ________ ________ by their parents, they didn’t dare to go out at night.
3. If it is sunny, we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow.
________ ________ ________, we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow.
4. If you think it over, you will have a good idea.
________ ________ ________, you will have a good idea.
5. As I don’t know much English, I’m afraid I can’t express clearly.
________ ________ much English, I’m afraid I can’t express clearly.
答案：1.Having finished 2.Having been warned 3.It being sunny 4.Thinking it over 5.Not knowing
二、用现在分词作状语翻译下列句子
1. 布朗先生刷过牙, 就下楼来吃早饭。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. 我们坐火车访问了很多城市。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. 他的父母双亡, 他成了孤儿。
________________________________________________________________________
4. 男孩大喊着跑开了。
________________________________________________________________________
5. 从她口音判断, 她准是四川人。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：
1. Having brushed his teeth, Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast.
2. Travelling by train，we visited a number of cities.
3. His parents died，leaving him an orphan.
4. The boy ran away，shouting loudly.
5. Judging from her accent，she must be from Sichuan.
三、短文改错
As summer vacation are coming soon, my classmates are trying very hardly to get train tickets to go home. But I have made up my minds to spend the vacation far from home for first time in my life. My parents have agreed to visiting me, and I will have a different vacation. When they came here, I will show them around my university and the city just as well. I have decided to buy me some nice gifts. It will be a big surprising for them. My parents have done a lot for me, and I think it is high time that I did anything special to express my thanks.
答案：
As summer vacation coming soon, my classmates are trying very to get train tickets to go home. But I have made up my to spend the vacation far from home for first time in my life. My parents have agreed to me, and I will have a different vacation. When they here, I will show them around my university and the city just as well. I have decided to buy some nice gifts. It will be a big for them. My parents have done a lot for me, and I think it is high time that I did special to express my thanks.
1. My advisor encouraged ____ a summer course to improve my writing skills.
A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take
2. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.
A. don’t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make
3. ____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
A .Having given B.To give C. Giving D. Given
4. Mr. Smith, ____ of the ____ speech, started to read a novel.
A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring
5. Generally speaking, ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken
6. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered ____ clear warning before firing any shot.
A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued
7.____ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.
A. The president will attend B. The president to attend
C. The president attended D. The president’s attending
8. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _____whether he was going in the right direction.
A seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see
9. The 30th Olympic Games，officially ________ as “London 2012 Olympic Games”, will take place from July 27 to August 12.
A. know B. to know C. known D. knowing
10. Prices began to climb noticeably last year，____a historical high in November.
A. hit B. to hit C. hitting D. being hit
11.Some seemingly harmless blogs might become harmful when _____ on the Internet by millions of people.
A. to read B. reading C. read D. being read
12. ______ the housing price, several measures have been adopted in the last two years.
A. Lowering B. Having lowered C. To lower D. To have lowered
13. I wish that the elderly would live in comfort without worry or health problems in the years they have .
A. left B. leaving C. to leave D. being left
14. Friends are like leaves, ___ everywhere, but true friends are like diamonds, precious and rare.
A. to find B. finding C. found D. being found
15. It's reported that 289 more trains were added ___ passengers on Sunday to meet the needs of those ___ home for the Spring Festival.
A. to take; returning B. taking; returning
C. taken; to return D. take: returned
答案：1——5 DDDAB 6——10 ADDCC 11——15 CCACA
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项选择
1. —The child is said to have________ gift for teaching deaf children.
—She’s something. I think it calls for________ patience and imagination.
A. a; the B. the; the C. a; / D. /; a
2. He was appointed________ a very important post in the West, where he would improve himself better.
A. to be B. as C. to D. for
3. They adapted the TV series to________ the taste of the audience.
A. match B. suit C. fit D. compare
4. She waited in________ for her mother’s letter.
A. anxious B. anxiety C. anxiously D. nervous
5. The film is said to have won several Oscar Awards and I can________ you will enjoy it.
A. announce B. guarantee C. analyze D. evaluate
6. He is quite sure that it’s________ impossible for him to fulfill the task within two days.
A. absolutely B. only C. fully D. roughly
7. If you want to________, you must learn to work hard while you are still young.
A. make your way B. make its way
C. make a way D. make the way
8. He________ through the menu, finding nothing that interested him________ particular.
A. noticed; on B. glanced; in
C. looked; on D. looks; in
9. He is unfortunate to have his house________.
A. burnt to the ground B. rebuilt up
C. painted well D. run out of
10. They were about to start out________ their friends called them up from Shanghai.
A. when B. while C. until D. before
11. ________ water，people in this village seldom take a bath, which is hard to imagine.
A. Lacking B. To lack C. Lacked D. Lack
12. He is said________ to the country twice.
A. to be B. being
C. having been D. to have been
13. Having lost his key, ________.
A. he couldn’t enter the room
B. the gatekeeper offered to help
C. the door was forced open
D. the room couldn’t be entered
14. When the thunderstorm suddenly came, he found himself________ in the forest.
A. lose B. to lose C. losing D. lost
15. —Bruce, I really appreciate your handwriting.
—________.
A. I practise every day
B. Thank you very much
C. No，I don’t think so
D. Well，it’s not good enough
16. There is________ quality in the students’ ability, which demands different teaching methods.
A. diverse B. consequent C. bare D. automatic
17. Bad habits are easily________ while good ones are hard to develop.
A. made up B. caught up C. drawn up D. picked up
18. The weather was________ cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.
A. really B. such C. too D. so
19. Not only________ polluted but also________ crowded.
A. the city was; were the streets
B. was the city; the streets were
C. the city was; the streets were
D. was the city; were the streets
20. ________ to reach them on the phone，we sent an email instead.
A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed
答案：1. C 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. A 11. A 12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. D 18. D 19. B 20. D
二、完形填空
People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bells. Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the__21__and have made up their minds to__22__the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest against heavy trucks which run__23__through the narrow High Street.“They not only make it __24__to sleep at night, but they are __25__ damage to our houses and shops of historical __26__, ”said John Norris, one of the protesters.
“__27__ we must have these noisy trucks on the roads, ” said Jean Lacey, a biology student, “why don’t they build a new road that goes round the town?” Burlington isn’t much more than a __28__ village. Its streets were never __29__for heavy traffic.
Harry Fields also studying __30__ said they wanted to make as much __31__possible to force the government officials to realize what everybody has to __32__.“Most of them don’t __33__ here anyway, ” he said, “they come in for meetings and that, and the Town Hall is soundproof, so they probably don’t __34__.It’s high time they realized the problem.” The fourth student, Liza Vernum, said she thought the public were __35__ on their side, and even if they weren’t, they soon would be.
I asked if they were __36__ that the police might come to __37__them.
“Not really, ” she said, “actually we are __38__ bellringers. I mean we are assistant bellringers for the church. There is no __39__ against practising.”
I __40__ the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.
21. A. college
B. village
C. town
D. church
22. A. change
B. repair
C. ring
D. shake
23. A. now and then
B. day and night
C. up and down
D. over and over
24. A. terrible
B. difficult
C. uncomfortable
D. unpleasant
25. A. doing
B. raising
C. putting
D. producing
26. A. scene
B. period
C. interest
D. sense
27. A. If
B. Although
C. When
D. Unless
28. A. pretty
B. quite
C. large
D. modern
29. A. tested
B. meant
C. kept
D. used
30. A. well
B. hard
C. biology
D. education
31. A. effort
B. time
C. trouble
D. noise
32. A. stand
B. accept
C. know
D. share
33. A. shop
B. live
C. come
D. study
34. A. notice
B. mention
C. fear
D. control
35. A. hardly
B. unwillingly
C. mostly
D. usually
36. A. surprised
B. afraid
C. pleased
D. determined
37. A. seize
B. fight
C. search
D. stop
38. A. proper
B. experienced
C. hopeful
D. serious
39. A. point
B. cause
C. need
D. law
40. A. left
B. found
C. reached
D. pass
答案：21. D 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. A
三、阅读理解
Hundreds of Chinese orphaned (使成孤儿) by the 1976 Tangshan earthquake have offered to take care of victims of the big earthquake in Sichuan, state media said on Thursday.
And more than 300 children orphaned in the Lijiang earthquake of 1996 have donated a year’s pocket money.
Zhang Youlu was nine when his parents died in the quake in Tangshan, about 180km east of Beijing, which flattened the city and killed as many as 300,000 people.
“My heart ached when I saw those children who lost both parents in the quake—babies who survived under the protection of dead parents and older children who find it hard to believe that their parents are dead, ” Zhang told Xinhua news agency.
Nine days after the 8.0-magnitude earthquake hit Sichuan Province, the number of dead and missing has risen to more than 74,000, with a further 247,000 injured. Two days after the May 12,2008 quake, Zhang put a posting on the Internet, calling on all Tangshan orphans to step up to help.
Hundreds of people have since answered his call with cash donations and offers of foster (领养) care.
Liu Yuanping, a government employee in Tangshan, said he wanted to pass on a message to all quake orphans in Sichuan.“Be strong and be brave. You’ll all grow up like everyone else.”
In Lijiang in Yunnan Province, south of Sichuan, orphans donated a total of 15,174 yuan ($2,200). “We hope the orphaned children in the earthquake can have a warm Children’s Day on June 1, ” 16-year-old schoolgirl Xiao Yun, who together with her schoolmates was orphaned by the 7.0-magnitude strength quake that destroyed Lijiang in 1996, said.
1. It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A. 300 children donate a year’s pocket money
B. Victims of the earthquake in Sichuan are well cared for
C. China’s former earthquake orphans reach out to Sichuan earthquake victims
D. Victims of the earthquake in Sichuan find new homes
2. The underlined word “flattened” in Paragraph 3 means “________”.
A. destroyed B. moved
C. organized D. rose
3. According to the passage, which of the following statements might NOT be true?
A. Zhang Youlu lost both of his parents in the earthquake in Tangshan.
B. About 300,000 people lost their lives in the earthquake in Tangshan.
C. Zhang Youlu survived the Tangshan earthquake after being protected by his parents.
D. Xiao Yun is not the only child who was orphaned by the quake in Lijiang in her class.
4. It is implied in the passage that________.
A. many employees of Tangshan government have also donated money
B. many of the Sichuan orphans have been adopted by the Tangshan orphans
C. the Sichuan earthquake was much more serious than the Tangshan earthquake
D. Zhang’s posting on the Internet was well received by the Tangshan orphans
答案：1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D
A passenger plane carrying 90 people, including a Kyrgyz high school sports team, crashed shortly after take-off on Sunday near the Kyrgyz capital, killing 68, government officials said.
The Boeing 737 was headed to Iran when it crashed near Bishkek’s Manas International Airport, said government spokeswoman Roza Daudova.Twenty-two people, including two crew members, survived the accident.Earlier, Daudova had said there were at least 71 dead and 25 survivors, but she later gave lower numbers.
Eighteen survivors were sent to hospital, and four others were sent home with no serious injuries, according to Daudova. Daudova also said the people on board included 24 Kyrgyz citizens,52 Iranians, three Kazakhs, two Canadians, one citizen of Turkey and one Chinese.
An airport official said the crew reported a technical (技术的) problem about 10 minutes after the plane took off and that the plane was returning to the airport when it crashed.
Several government officials said the plane belonged to Itek Air, a Kyrgyz company, but was operated by Iran Aseman Airlines.But Mamytov, the presidential adviser, said the plane was both owned and operated by Itek Air.
Itek Air has been banned from operating in the sky of the European Union because of failure to meet safety standards (标准), according to a list published by the EU July 24,2008.
Kyrgyzstan is a poor, mountainous country west of China. The US air base in the ex-Soviet Republic of Kyrgyzstan supports operations in nearby Afghanistan.
Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan and the country’s largest city, has a population of about 1 million and is situated in the northern part of the Central Asian nation.
1. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. A Passenger Plane Crashes—Killing 68
B. 68 Die,22 Survive Airliner Crash in Kyrgyzstan
C. A Kyrgyz High School Sports Team Experiences an Air Crash
D. 68 People Lose Their Lives on the Way to Iran
2. All of the following about the air crash are true EXCEPT that________.
A. the plane crashed not long after it took off
B. altogether 22 passengers survived the air crash
C. it happened near the Kyrgyz capital
D. some of the survivors were not seriously injured
3. Why has Itek Air been banned from operating in the sky of the European Union?
A. Because it was not established in a legal way.
B. Because it failed to meet the required safety standards.
C. Because it had too many air crash records.
D. Because its services on board were too poor.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. A Chinese died in that air crash.
B. The crew had tried to avoid the crash but failed.
C. The employees of Itek Air are not well trained.
D. The crashed plane belonged to Iran Aseman Airlines
答案：1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B
四、书面表达
在生活中，我们并不总是一帆风顺的，总会碰到一些困难。面对困难，有的人积极乐观，直面困难，解决困难；有的人消极悲观，逃避困难。对于中学生，敢于面对困难，战胜困难，可以更好地锻炼自己，使自己茁壮成长。请就此写一篇文章，并谈谈你的看法。
要求：1.对所给要点，逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译；
2. 词数100～120。开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
Life is not always full of smiles and flowers. Every person has his own difficulties no matter how high his position or how great his achievement is.
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参考范文
Life is not always full of smiles and flowers. Every person has his own difficulties no matter how high his position or how great his achievement is. So it is of great importance to have a correct attitude to face up to difficulties.
Some people’s attitudes are positive. They face the difficulties with joyful energy and enthusiasm. They clear away the difficulties that appear in the way of life rather than run away from them. Some people’s attitudes are negative. They feel so discouraged about their difficulties that they fall into pessimism. They are frightened by difficulties and give up halfway. They never use their abilities to overcome difficulties. So they will have few chances to enjoy success.
As far as I am concerned, we students should face up to our difficulties positively and bravely. So we can have more chances to exercise ourselves and grow better. We will enjoy our success more and more.
