第9讲 Traveling abroad 词汇篇
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熟练掌握重点单词及其用法；
能够熟练运用重点短语和句型。
一. 重点词汇
1. qualification n.资格；证明
[重点用法]
qualify v. (使)具有资格，证明合格
qualification as当任(职务等)的资格
qualification for在(某方面)具有资格取得资格，合格
qualify as取得……资格
qualify for有……资格，有……权；应得；使合格，使能担任，使适合于
qualify sb. to do sth. 使某人有资格做某事
[典例]
1) What’s the qualification as a doctor? 取得当一名医生的资格是什么?
2) What qualifications have you got to have for this job? 申请这个工作你得要具有的条件是什么?
3) Do you qualify for the vote? 你有投票资格吗?
4) I hope to qualify as a teacher. 我希望取得教师资格。
5) A degree in English does not qualify you to teach English. 你的英语程度教书不够资格。
preparation n.准备；预备
[重点用法]
prepare vt. & vi. 预[准，筹]备，布置，为…铺路；配制；调制；使作准备；温习
be in preparation (for) 在……准备中；作为……的准备
make preparations against为对付……做准备
make preparations for为……做准备
be(well)prepared for[to do]…对…有所准备(处于对…有所准备的意识)
prepare sth. against准备(…)应付…
prepare sb. for让……为了…作准备
prepare the ground for为…铺平路；为…打下基础
[典例]
1) Mother is now preparing food for dinner. 妈妈正在为晚餐准备食物。
2) The students are now preparing for the exams. 学生们正为考试做准备。
3) The teachers are now preparing their lessons. 老师们在备课。
recommend vt.推荐；建议
[重点用法]
recommendation n.推荐，介绍(信)，劝告，建议
on one's recommendation经某人介绍
follow sb. ’s recommendations听从某人的劝告
recommendation(s)for. ……的推荐
write／give sb. a recommendation为某人写推荐信／介绍信
注意1)该词意为“建议”时，注意三种句型：
(1) recommend+(sb's)doing；
(2) recommend +that(从句) (从句用虚拟，由should+动词原形构成)；
(3) recommend +sb. to do
2)该词做“推荐；介绍”时，常用句型是：
(1) recommend sb. sth.
(2) recommend sth. for(doing) sth.
[典例]
1) Can you recommend me a good novel? 能给我推荐一本好小说吗?
2) What would you recommend for the ink stains?有什么办法能除掉墨水汁吗?
3) It is recommended in the regulations that you(should)not tell others the password of your e-mail
account. 条款有提示,不要将邮箱密码透露给别人。
comfort n.舒适；安慰 vt.安慰
[重点用法]
comfortable adj.安乐的，舒适的；令人感到安慰的；充裕的；惬意的
comfort…with以……安慰；以……使舒适
comfort sb. for因某事安慰某人
be comfortable about／with对某事感到轻松／惬意
give comfort to安慰(某人)
take／have／find comfort(in…)感到安慰，安心，宽心；(从……中)得到安慰(in)
[典例]
1)You are a great comfort to your parents.你是你父母最大的安慰。
2)She always finds comfort in her children when thinking of the loss of her husband.
想到死去的丈夫，她只能从孩子们身上得到安慰。
substitute n.代替者；代用品 vt.用……代替……
[重点用法]
substitute A for B用A代B
substitute sb. by [with] another用别人接替某人
[典例]
1) In modern society, people accept to use plastics as a substitute for steel.
2) In modern society, people substitute plastic for steel.
在现代社会中人们用塑料做钢的代用品。
3) He substituted as the typist in the office. 他代替做这个办公室的打字员。
acknowledge vt. 承认；确认；答谢
[重点用法]
It's(universally)acknowledged that… ……是大家所公认的
acknowledge(doing)sth/ that(从句). 承认(做了)某事/承认……
复合结构：(承认某人／某物为……)
acknowledge sb.(sth. )+n. / as +n. / +to be +n.
acknowledge sb. with… 以……对某人表示感谢 ‘
acknowledge the applause谢幕
acknowledge a favor／help答谢所受到的关照／帮助
[典例]
1) When asked about the receipt of Tom’s letter, he acknowledged it .
当问到是否收到汤姆的信件，他承认收到了。
2）He was acknowledged with a present for his long service with the company.
在公司服务多年，他因此受到表扬。
3）It is acknowledged that he is the finest poet in the flesh. 大家公认他是目前最棒的诗人。
occupy vt.占有；占领；占据
[重点用法]
occupation n. 职业
keep sb. occupied使某人忙碌；
occupy oneself with／in(doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事；
be occupied in(doing)／with sth. 忙于(做)某事，正在做某事； ‘
[典例]
1) The workers are occupied in building new houses. 建筑工正忙于建造新房子。
2) Please fill in the form stating your occupation.请在表格中填入你的职业。
govern vi.&vt.统治；支配；管理
[重点用法]
government n. 统治；管辖；政府；
governor n. 统治者；管理者；地方长官；主管人员；总督；县[市，省]长，[美]州长；
a system of government政体
government documents/employee公文，官方文件/公务人员
[典例]
You should govern your temper. 你应该控制你的情绪。
Who are the men who really govern in this country? 谁是这个国家的真正统治者?
9. contradict vt. 反驳；反对；否认; 与...矛盾
[重点用法]
contradiction n.矛盾，反驳
contradictory adj.相矛盾的
contradict oneself自相矛盾
[典例]
1)Your actions contradict your declared moral principles.你的行为违背了你宣称的道德准则。
2) The boy was very angry and contradicted his teacher in public.男孩非常生气,当众反驳了他的老师。
3) The reports contradict each other. 这些报告相互矛盾。
10. abundant adj.丰富的, 充裕的,
[重点用法]
be abundant in=be rich in 富有……
abundance n.大量，丰富,充裕
in abundance大量,丰足
an abundance of大量的
[典例]
1) an abundant year丰年
2) a life of abundance富裕的生活
3) an abundance of sunshine充足的阳光
4) The region is abundant in wildlife. 这个地区野生动物极多.
二. 重点词组
keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
[典例]
Well done, and keep it up, Tom! 干得好，汤姆，再接再厉!
[短语归纳]
keep one's head/temper保持冷静/强压怒火
keep a school/a family/a diary开办学校/养家活口/写日记
keep one's word；keeps to one's promise履行诺言
keep the law守法
keep in touch with与……保持联系
keep an eye on…照看，密切注视；提示
keep up with跟上；保持同步水平不落后；
keep away from(常与from连用)远离；不接触；
keep to sth. 信守；坚持；坚守；不违背(诺言、计划等)；
keep…from(doing)stll. 避开；禁止；克制；
as far as one is concerned 就……而言
[典例]
As far as I am concerned, I can't object to your marriage.
就我(个人)而言，我不反对你们的婚事。
As far as English is concerned, he is the best in our class.
就英语学习方面来说，他是我们班最优秀的。
[短语归纳]
as／so long as只要; 像……一样长；
as soon as…就…；
as much as尽量多地；
as far as远到；就…
settle in（迁入新居；更换工作后）安顿下来
[典例]
1) The Dutch settled in South Africa. 荷兰人在南非殖民。
2) She didn't settle in London until graduation from Cambridge University.
直到剑桥大学毕业她才在伦敦定居。
[短语归纳]
settle(oneself)down to sth. 安下心来做某事
settle down(活动一段时间后)平静下来；舒舒服服地坐下；躺下；定居；成家
4. out of the question不可能的；不值得讨论的
[典例]
1) It is out of the question for us to buy a new flat now since stock market is still in low.股市依然低靡，我们不可能买得起新房子。
2) Without your help, finishing the task ahead of time would be out of the question.没你的帮助提前完成任务是不可能的。
[短语归纳]
out of question毫无疑问
三. 重点句子
1. “It’s not just study that’s difficult. You have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up
all your concentration in the beginning,” explained Xie Lei, who had lived all her life in the same city
in China.“困难不仅仅在学习方面，你还必须习惯一种全新的生活方式，在一开始的时候这就会占
去你全部注意力。”谢蕾解释说。她一直住在中国的同一座城市。
[解释]It’s not just study that’s difficult。是一个强调句型。
[典例]
1) It was in the playground that our school meet was held.学校运动会是在操场举行的。
2) It was not just the place of party that was hard to find. We also had to find a professional DJ.
不仅仅是晚会的场地难找，而且我们还得找到一个专业的主持人。
2. I have been so occupied with work that I haven’t had time for social activities.
我一直忙于适应环境，以至于我没有时间搞社交活动。
[解释]so…that…如此……以至于……
[典例]
1) The load is so heavy that the workers cannot move it.负荷太重了,以致于工人无法搬动它。
2) She was so exhausted that she couldn’t eat anything.她累得吃不下饭。
(2014安徽高考)---I get almost half an hour of exercise every day.
---Oh great !______.
A. Good luck B. Cheer up C. Same to you D. Keep it up
(2015重庆高考)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century _____ his musical gift was fully recognized.
A. while B. though C. that D. after
(2015福建泉州高二下)---He is great comfort to his parents.
---You bet. His income enables his parents to live comfort.
4. (2015湖北孝感高二下)Lawrence’s novel was rejected at first , but it later came to be as a work of genius.
A. acknowledged B. permitted C. adapted D. congratulated
5. (2015湖北武汉高二下)The surprising findings some previous studies that have suggested mobiles can cause Alzheimer’s and brain cancer .
A. comfort B. contradict C. conduct D. confuse
基础演练
一. 根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1) We had a ______ meal together last Sunday. All the guests are very ______.(satisfaction)
2) I was sleeping soundly in the early morning when a telephone _______ me awake. I was even ______to hear the ______ news that another bombing had hit London.(alarm)
3) What ______ the women most was that when they were talking about the _______ new about the girl, she became so _______ that she ran away as soon as she heard this.(embarrass)
4) The newly-elected president _______ his support for the terrorists. He must be responsible for his______. (declare)
5) He ______ to his friends why he was late but none of them thought his _______ believable.(explain)
二. 选择assess或access，并用其适当的形式填空
1) Damages in the great earthquake were ______ at several hundred billion.
2) Only persons with a permit has ______to the restricted area;
巩固提高
三.课文词汇等填空
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
Six years ago, Xie Lei boarded a plane for London 1 (complete) a business 2 (资格).When she came to England, she lived with a host family, 3 members always helped her. At the beginning she had to face 4 difficulties of daily life as how to use the phone, how to pay on the bus. 5 (study) there was quite different from studying in China and she needed some 6 (准备) first. She had to get used to a new way of life, 7 took up all her concentration. It was 8 (benefit) to fulfill Western academic requirements.
1. _____ I came across one of my classmates while i was walking in the park.
A. Day by day B. The other day C. Day after day D. Day in and day out
2. If you can't find a ladder, use a strong chair as a ___________.
A. replace B. choice C. substitute D. chance
3. All your opinions _________ each other, so we couldn't make sense of your real attitude.
A. favoured B. contradicted C. supported D. contributed
4. My morning _______ includes jogging and reading newspapers over breakfast.
A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine
5. A place to which something is sent means _________.
A. destinations B. destiny C. destination D. Dignity
6. Jane has been so ________ in getting used to everything that she hasn't had time for social activities.
A. confused B. worried C. devoted D. occupied
7. He was generally _________ to be the finest poet in the land.
A. received B. regarded C. seen D. acknowledged
8. After three years' study, Jane got a ________ for teaching English.
A. qualification B. composition C. collection D. satisfaction
9. It is very common that former soldiers have difficulty in ___________ civilian life.
A. sticking to B. relating to C. adjusting to D. connecting to
10. There was good food __________ abundance at the party.
A. at B. with C. in D. of
11. No matter what you say, I shall _____ my opinion.
A. carry out B. keep up C. insist on D. stick to
12. With his money , he couldn't go home.
A. leaving B. missed C. running out D. run out
13. —I'm afraid Mr Wood can't see you 4 o'clock.
—Oh, _____I won't wait.
no doubt B. after all C. in that case D. in this way
14. To qualify yourself for this kind of new job, I recommend that you ________ some online courses.
A. to take B. taking C. take D. would take
15. Was it two years ago ________ they first met?
A. since B. which C. while D. that
_________________________________________________________________________________
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单项选择
1. — I hear it will rain tomorrow.
— It _______ true. You see, there are so many black clouds in the sky now.
A. won’t be B. will be C. may be D. may not be
2. To qualify yourself for this kind of new job, I recommend that you ________ some online courses.
A. to take B. taking C. take D. would take
3. Jane has been so ________ in getting used to everything that she hasn’t had time for social activities.
A. confused B. worried C. devoted D. occupied
4. ________ I can see, there is only one way to solve this problem.
A. As far as B. Even if C. As long as D. As soon as
5. That was the first time I _______ there and I was impressed by the friendly people very much.
A. go B. was going C. had gone D. have gone
6. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, ________ in turn will promote its economic development.
A. what B. which C. that D. as
7. He was generally _________ to be the finest poet in the land.
A. received B. regarded C. seen D. acknowledged
8. After three years’ study, Jane got a ________ for teaching English.
A. qualification B. composition C. collection D. satisfaction
9. It is very common that former soldiers have difficulty in ___________ civilian life.
A. sticking to B. relating to C. adjusting to D. connecting to
10. There was good food __________ abundance at the party.
A. at B. with C. in D. of
11. Was it two years ago ________ they first met?
A. since B. which C. while D. that
12. I was given three books on sewing, the first ______ I really enjoyed.
A. that B. which C. of which D. of that
13. As the busiest woman in the village, she made _____ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs
in that village.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
14. Mary felt sad over the loss of photos she had shot in Australia, ______ that was a memory she especially treasured.
A. as B. which C. when D. where
15. Have you ever listened to the song Yesterday once more, ________ singer died in her early years?
A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which
二. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The English, as a race, are very different in many ways from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbors, the French, the Belgians and the Dutch. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons are, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalities.
Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems restrained, even embarrassed. You have only to witness a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or having a light sleep in a corner, and no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. An Englishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested, “On entering a railway carriage, shake hands with all the passengers.” Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately suspected.
In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc, often accompanied by appropriate gesture. The Englishman is somewhat different. Of course, an Englishman feels no less deeply than anyone of a different nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. A more emotional man might describe her state “Oh, she is a goddess”, whereas an Englishman might just say “Oh, she's all right.” An Englishman who has seen a highly successful and enjoyable film recommends it to a friend by commenting, “It's not bad you know”, or on seeing some very unusual scenery he might convey (表达) his pleasure by saying, “Nice, yes, very nice.” The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement. Instead, he must realize that “all right,” “not bad,” and “nice,” very often have the sense of “first-class,” “excellent,” “beautiful”. This unique style of language use is particularly common in England, and is known as restrained statement.
56. According to the passage, the English are different from other nationalities in _______.
A. habits B. attitudes C. character D. all of the above
57. The underlined word “restrained” in the second paragraph probably means “ ”.
A. calm and controlled B. polite and friendly
C. nervous and quiet D. silent and kind
58. In Britain, if you don't want other people to think you are strange, you'd better _________.
A. talk with others as much as possible B. behave just like the English do
C. say nothing about yourself D. shake hands with everyone you meet
59. If an Englishman says “all right”, it may mean “________”.
A. not bad B. correct C. quite right D. wonderful
60. From the passage, we can infer that an Englishman _________.
A. doesn't like to show his feelings so much
B. has less emotion than people of other nationalities
C. finds it easy to express his emotion
D. likes to have a joke with strangers
三. 读写任务
假定你是Mary，有一位英国朋友Smith托你在当地帮他找工作。你看到汕头日报(Shantou Daily)上登载了一则招聘启事，认为对他很合适。请你用英文写一封短信，用E—mail发给Smith，告知此事。广告原文如下：
招聘外籍教师
汕头大学将开办暑期少儿英语、成人英语学习班，欲招聘外籍教师一名。
要求：1．讲英语。
2．大学毕业或相等学力。
3．有意者，带齐外教专业证明。
4．咨询电话：0754—2121445，email：shantouuniversity@21cn.com
(写作要求)
1．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入句数。
2．用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容，但不要逐条译，注意行文连贯。
Dear Smith，
I know you want to find a job in Shantou．
Yours,
Mary
第9讲 Traveling abroad 词汇篇
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熟练掌握重点单词及其用法；
能够熟练运用重点短语和句型。
一. 重点词汇
1. qualification n.资格；证明
[重点用法]
qualify v. (使)具有资格，证明合格
qualification as当任(职务等)的资格
qualification for在(某方面)具有资格取得资格，合格
qualify as取得……资格
qualify for有……资格，有……权；应得；使合格，使能担任，使适合于
qualify sb. to do sth. 使某人有资格做某事
[典例]
1) What’s the qualification as a doctor? 取得当一名医生的资格是什么?
2) What qualifications have you got to have for this job? 申请这个工作你得要具有的条件是什么?
3) Do you qualify for the vote? 你有投票资格吗?
4) I hope to qualify as a teacher. 我希望取得教师资格。
5) A degree in English does not qualify you to teach English. 你的英语程度教书不够资格。
preparation n.准备；预备
[重点用法]
prepare vt. & vi. 预[准，筹]备，布置，为…铺路；配制；调制；使作准备；温习
be in preparation (for) 在……准备中；作为……的准备
make preparations against为对付……做准备
make preparations for为……做准备
be(well)prepared for[to do]…对…有所准备(处于对…有所准备的意识)
prepare sth. against准备(…)应付…
prepare sb. for让……为了…作准备
prepare the ground for为…铺平路；为…打下基础
[典例]
1) Mother is now preparing food for dinner. 妈妈正在为晚餐准备食物。
2) The students are now preparing for the exams. 学生们正为考试做准备。
3) The teachers are now preparing their lessons. 老师们在备课。
recommend vt.推荐；建议
[重点用法]
recommendation n.推荐，介绍(信)，劝告，建议
on one's recommendation经某人介绍
follow sb. ’s recommendations听从某人的劝告
recommendation(s)for. ……的推荐
write／give sb. a recommendation为某人写推荐信／介绍信
注意1)该词意为“建议”时，注意三种句型：
(1) recommend+(sb's)doing；
(2) recommend +that(从句) (从句用虚拟，由should+动词原形构成)；
(3) recommend +sb. to do
2)该词做“推荐；介绍”时，常用句型是：
(1) recommend sb. sth.
(2) recommend sth. for(doing) sth.
[典例]
1) Can you recommend me a good novel? 能给我推荐一本好小说吗?
2) What would you recommend for the ink stains?有什么办法能除掉墨水汁吗?
3) It is recommended in the regulations that you(should)not tell others the password of your e-mail
account. 条款有提示,不要将邮箱密码透露给别人。
comfort n.舒适；安慰 vt.安慰
[重点用法]
comfortable adj.安乐的，舒适的；令人感到安慰的；充裕的；惬意的
comfort…with以……安慰；以……使舒适
comfort sb. for因某事安慰某人
be comfortable about／with对某事感到轻松／惬意
give comfort to安慰(某人)
take／have／find comfort(in…)感到安慰，安心，宽心；(从……中)得到安慰(in)
[典例]
1)You are a great comfort to your parents.你是你父母最大的安慰。
2)She always finds comfort in her children when thinking of the loss of her husband.
想到死去的丈夫，她只能从孩子们身上得到安慰。
substitute n.代替者；代用品 vt.用……代替……
[重点用法]
substitute A for B用A代B
substitute sb. by [with] another用别人接替某人
[典例]
1) In modern society, people accept to use plastics as a substitute for steel.
2) In modern society, people substitute plastic for steel.
在现代社会中人们用塑料做钢的代用品。
3) He substituted as the typist in the office. 他代替做这个办公室的打字员。
acknowledge vt. 承认；确认；答谢
[重点用法]
It's(universally)acknowledged that… ……是大家所公认的
acknowledge(doing)sth/ that(从句). 承认(做了)某事/承认……
复合结构：(承认某人／某物为……)
acknowledge sb.(sth. )+n. / as +n. / +to be +n.
acknowledge sb. with… 以……对某人表示感谢 ‘
acknowledge the applause谢幕
acknowledge a favor／help答谢所受到的关照／帮助
[典例]
1) When asked about the receipt of Tom’s letter, he acknowledged it .
当问到是否收到汤姆的信件，他承认收到了。
2）He was acknowledged with a present for his long service with the company.
在公司服务多年，他因此受到表扬。
3）It is acknowledged that he is the finest poet in the flesh. 大家公认他是目前最棒的诗人。
occupy vt.占有；占领；占据
[重点用法]
occupation n. 职业
keep sb. occupied使某人忙碌；
occupy oneself with／in(doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事；
be occupied in(doing)／with sth. 忙于(做)某事，正在做某事； ‘
[典例]
1) The workers are occupied in building new houses. 建筑工正忙于建造新房子。
2) Please fill in the form stating your occupation.请在表格中填入你的职业。
govern vi.&vt.统治；支配；管理
[重点用法]
government n. 统治；管辖；政府；
governor n. 统治者；管理者；地方长官；主管人员；总督；县[市，省]长，[美]州长；
a system of government政体
government documents/employee公文，官方文件/公务人员
[典例]
You should govern your temper. 你应该控制你的情绪。
Who are the men who really govern in this country? 谁是这个国家的真正统治者?
9. contradict vt. 反驳；反对；否认; 与...矛盾
[重点用法]
contradiction n.矛盾，反驳
contradictory adj.相矛盾的
contradict oneself自相矛盾
[典例]
1)Your actions contradict your declared moral principles.你的行为违背了你宣称的道德准则。
2) The boy was very angry and contradicted his teacher in public.男孩非常生气,当众反驳了他的老师。
3) The reports contradict each other. 这些报告相互矛盾。
10. abundant adj.丰富的, 充裕的,
[重点用法]
be abundant in=be rich in 富有……
abundance n.大量，丰富,充裕
in abundance大量,丰足
an abundance of大量的
[典例]
1) an abundant year丰年
2) a life of abundance富裕的生活
3) an abundance of sunshine充足的阳光
4) The region is abundant in wildlife. 这个地区野生动物极多.
二. 重点词组
keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
[典例]
Well done, and keep it up, Tom! 干得好，汤姆，再接再厉!
[短语归纳]
keep one's head/temper保持冷静/强压怒火
keep a school/a family/a diary开办学校/养家活口/写日记
keep one's word；keeps to one's promise履行诺言
keep the law守法
keep in touch with与……保持联系
keep an eye on…照看，密切注视；提示
keep up with跟上；保持同步水平不落后；
keep away from(常与from连用)远离；不接触；
keep to sth. 信守；坚持；坚守；不违背(诺言、计划等)；
keep…from(doing)stll. 避开；禁止；克制；
as far as one is concerned 就……而言
[典例]
As far as I am concerned, I can't object to your marriage.
就我(个人)而言，我不反对你们的婚事。
As far as English is concerned, he is the best in our class.
就英语学习方面来说，他是我们班最优秀的。
[短语归纳]
as／so long as只要; 像……一样长；
as soon as…就…；
as much as尽量多地；
as far as远到；就…
settle in（迁入新居；更换工作后）安顿下来
[典例]
1) The Dutch settled in South Africa. 荷兰人在南非殖民。
2) She didn't settle in London until graduation from Cambridge University.
直到剑桥大学毕业她才在伦敦定居。
[短语归纳]
settle(oneself)down to sth. 安下心来做某事
settle down(活动一段时间后)平静下来；舒舒服服地坐下；躺下；定居；成家
4. out of the question不可能的；不值得讨论的
[典例]
1) It is out of the question for us to buy a new flat now since stock market is still in low.股市依然低靡，我们不可能买得起新房子。
2) Without your help, finishing the task ahead of time would be out of the question.没你的帮助提前完成任务是不可能的。
[短语归纳]
out of question毫无疑问
三. 重点句子
1. “It’s not just study that’s difficult. You have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up
all your concentration in the beginning,” explained Xie Lei, who had lived all her life in the same city
in China.“困难不仅仅在学习方面，你还必须习惯一种全新的生活方式，在一开始的时候这就会占
去你全部注意力。”谢蕾解释说。她一直住在中国的同一座城市。
[解释]It’s not just study that’s difficult。是一个强调句型。
[典例]
1) It was in the playground that our school meet was held.学校运动会是在操场举行的。
2) It was not just the place of party that was hard to find. We also had to find a professional DJ.
不仅仅是晚会的场地难找，而且我们还得找到一个专业的主持人。
2. I have been so occupied with work that I haven’t had time for social activities.
我一直忙于适应环境，以至于我没有时间搞社交活动。
[解释]so…that…如此……以至于……
[典例]
1) The load is so heavy that the workers cannot move it.负荷太重了,以致于工人无法搬动它。
2) She was so exhausted that she couldn’t eat anything.她累得吃不下饭。
(2014安徽高考)---I get almost half an hour of exercise every day.
---Oh great !______.
A. Good luck B. Cheer up C. Same to you D. Keep it up
答案: D
解析: 考察短语记忆。A祝你好运B 振作起来 C和你一样 D 坚持下去，根据句意选D。
(2015重庆高考)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century _____ his musical gift was fully recognized.
A. while B. though C. that D. after
答案: C
解析: 考察强调句，结构是it is/was+被强调部分+that+其它，所以选C。
(2015福建泉州高二下)---He is great comfort to his parents.
---You bet. His income enables his parents to live comfort.
答案: a; in
解析: 第一空要填冠词，因为不缺成分，comfort用作名词；in comfort固定搭配，意为“舒适地”。
4. (2015湖北孝感高二下)Lawrence’s novel was rejected at first , but it later came to be as a work of genius.
A. acknowledged B. permitted C. adapted D.congratulated
答案: A
解析: 此题考查词语辨析。A承认，B允许，C适应，D恭喜；根据句意应为A。
5. (2015湖北武汉高二下)The surprising findings some previous studies that have suggested mobiles can cause Alzheimer’s and brain cancer .
A. comfort B. contradict C. conduct D. confuse
答案: B
解析: 此题考查同义词辨析，A安慰，B相矛盾，C指导D使困惑，根据句意选B。
基础演练
一. 根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1) We had a ______ meal together last Sunday. All the guests are very ______.(satisfaction)
2) I was sleeping soundly in the early morning when a telephone _______ me awake. I was even ______to hear the ______ news that another bombing had hit London.(alarm)
3) What ______ the women most was that when they were talking about the _______ new about the girl, she became so _______ that she ran away as soon as she heard this.(embarrass)
4) The newly-elected president _______ his support for the terrorists. He must be responsible for his______. (declare)
5) He ______ to his friends why he was late but none of them thought his _______ believable.(explain)
Keys:1) satisfying; satisfied 2) alarmed; alarmed; alarming 3) embarrassed; embarrassing; embarrassed 4) declared; declaration 5) explained; explanation
二. 选择assess或access，并用其适当的形式填空
1) Damages in the great earthquake were ______ at several hundred billion.
2) Only persons with a permit has ______to the restricted area;
Keys: 1) assessed 2) access
巩固提高
三.课文词汇等填空
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
Six years ago, Xie Lei boarded a plane for London 1 (complete) a business 2 (资格).When she came to England, she lived with a host family, 3 members always helped her. At the beginning she had to face 4 difficulties of daily life as how to use the phone, how to pay on the bus. 5 (study) there was quite different from studying in China and she needed some 6 (准备) first. She had to get used to a new way of life, 7 took up all her concentration. It was 8 (benefit) to fulfill Western academic requirements.
keys:1. to complete 2. qualification 3. whose 4. such 5. Studying
6. preparation 7. which 8. beneficial
1. _____ I came across one of my classmates while i was walking in the park.
A. Day by day B. The other day C. Day after day D. Day in and day out
2. If you can't find a ladder, use a strong chair as a ___________.
A. replace B. choice C. substitute D. chance
3. All your opinions _________ each other, so we couldn't make sense of your real attitude.
A. favoured B. contradicted C. supported D. contributed
4. My morning _______ includes jogging and reading newspapers over breakfast.
A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine
5. A place to which something is sent means _________.
A. destinations B. destiny C. destination D. Dignity
6. Jane has been so ________ in getting used to everything that she hasn't had time for social activities.
A. confused B. worried C. devoted D. occupied
7. He was generally _________ to be the finest poet in the land.
A. received B. regarded C. seen D. acknowledged
8. After three years' study, Jane got a ________ for teaching English.
A. qualification B. composition C. collection D. satisfaction
9. It is very common that former soldiers have difficulty in ___________ civilian life.
A. sticking to B. relating to C. adjusting to D. connecting to
10. There was good food __________ abundance at the party.
A. at B. with C. in D. of
11. No matter what you say, I shall _____ my opinion.
A. carry out B. keep up C. insist on D. stick to
12. With his money , he couldn't go home.
A. leaving B. missed C. running out D. run out
13. —I'm afraid Mr Wood can't see you 4 o'clock.
—Oh, _____I won't wait.
no doubt B. after all C. in that case D. in this way
14. To qualify yourself for this kind of new job, I recommend that you ________ some online courses.
A. to take B. taking C. take D. would take
15. Was it two years ago ________ they first met?
A. since B. which C. while D. that
Key: 1-5 BCBDC6-10 DBACC11-15 DCCCD
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
单项选择
1. — I hear it will rain tomorrow.
— It _______ true. You see, there are so many black clouds in the sky now.
A. won’t be B. will be C. may be D. may not be
2. To qualify yourself for this kind of new job, I recommend that you ________ some online courses.
A. to take B. taking C. take D. would take
3. Jane has been so ________ in getting used to everything that she hasn’t had time for social activities.
A. confused B. worried C. devoted D. occupied
4. ________ I can see, there is only one way to solve this problem.
A. As far as B. Even if C. As long as D. As soon as
5. That was the first time I _______ there and I was impressed by the friendly people very much.
A. go B. was going C. had gone D. have gone
6. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, ________ in turn will promote its economic development.
A. what B. which C. that D. as
7. He was generally _________ to be the finest poet in the land.
A. received B. regarded C. seen D. acknowledged
8. After three years’ study, Jane got a ________ for teaching English.
A. qualification B. composition C. collection D. satisfaction
9. It is very common that former soldiers have difficulty in ___________ civilian life.
A. sticking to B. relating to C. adjusting to D. connecting to
10. There was good food __________ abundance at the party.
A. at B. with C. in D. of
11. Was it two years ago ________ they first met?
A. since B. which C. while D. that
12. I was given three books on sewing, the first ______ I really enjoyed.
A. that B. which C. of which D. of that
13. As the busiest woman in the village, she made _____ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that village.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
14. Mary felt sad over the loss of photos she had shot in Australia, ______ that was a memory she especially treasured.
A. as B. which C. when D. where
15. Have you ever listened to the song Yesterday once more, ________ singer died in her early years?
A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which
Key: 1-5 CCDAC 6-10 BDACC 11-15 DCDAC
二. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The English, as a race, are very different in many ways from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbors, the French, the Belgians and the Dutch. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons are, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalities.
Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems restrained, even embarrassed. You have only to witness a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or having a light sleep in a corner, and no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. An Englishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested, “On entering a railway carriage, shake hands with all the passengers.” Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately suspected.
In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc, often accompanied by appropriate gesture. The Englishman is somewhat different. Of course, an Englishman feels no less deeply than anyone of a different nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. A more emotional man might describe her state “Oh, she is a goddess”, whereas an Englishman might just say “Oh, she's all right.” An Englishman who has seen a highly successful and enjoyable film recommends it to a friend by commenting, “It's not bad you know”, or on seeing some very unusual scenery he might convey (表达) his pleasure by saying, “Nice, yes, very nice.” The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement. Instead, he must realize that “all right,” “not bad,” and “nice,” very often have the sense of “first-class,” “excellent,” “beautiful”. This unique style of language use is particularly common in England, and is known as restrained statement.
56. According to the passage, the English are different from other nationalities in _______.
A. habits B. attitudes C. character D. all of the above
57. The underlined word “restrained” in the second paragraph probably means “ ”.
A. calm and controlled B. polite and friendly
C. nervous and quiet D. silent and kind
58. In Britain, if you don't want other people to think you are strange, you'd better _________.
A. talk with others as much as possible B. behave just like the English do
C. say nothing about yourself D. shake hands with everyone you meet
59. If an Englishman says “all right”, it may mean “________”.
A. not bad B. correct C. quite right D. wonderful
60. From the passage, we can infer that an Englishman _________.
A. doesn't like to show his feelings so much
B. has less emotion than people of other nationalities
C. finds it easy to express his emotion
D. likes to have a joke with strangers
Key: DABDA
三. 读写任务
假定你是Mary，有一位英国朋友Smith托你在当地帮他找工作。你看到汕头日报(Shantou Daily)上登载了一则招聘启事，认为对他很合适。请你用英文写一封短信，用E—mail发给Smith，告知此事。广告原文如下：
招聘外籍教师
汕头大学将开办暑期少儿英语、成人英语学习班，欲招聘外籍教师一名。
要求：1．讲英语。
2．大学毕业或相等学力。
3．有意者，带齐外教专业证明。
4．咨询电话：0754—2121445，email：shantouuniversity@21cn.com
(写作要求)
1．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入句数。
2．用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容，但不要逐条译，注意行文连贯。
Dear Smith，
I know you want to find a job in Shantou．
Yours,
Mary
Key:
Dear Smith,
I know you want to find a job in Shantou. I've read the Shantou Daily, and I found that Shanotu University is running an Summer English course for children and adults. They need a foreign teacher, and their requirements are as follows.
The teacher should be a native English speaker, which I think fits you so much. University degrees in education are required or related field is preferred. If you are interested, you should bring your foreign expert certification along to Shantou University, or you may contact them by calling 0754-212445 or sending them an email with the address: shantou university @21cn. com.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Mary
第10讲 Traveling abroad 语法篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
1.掌握非限定性定语从句的结构与功能；
2.能够熟练选用合适的关系代词和关系副词。
非限制性定语从句
1. 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：
This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
2. 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如：
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查理.史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3. 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
(2015北京) Opposite?is?St.Paul's?Church,___you?can?hear?some?lovely?music.?
A. which B. that C. when D. where
2. (2015湖南)It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottage.
A. as B. where C. that D. which
3. (2015重庆) He?wrote?many?children’?s?books,?nearly?half?of____?were?published?in?the?1990s.?
A. whom B. which C. them D. that
4. (2015四川) The?books?on?the?desk, covers?are?shiny,?are?prizes?for?us.?
which B. what C. whose D. that
5. (2015福建) China?Today?attracts?a?worldwide?readership,_______?shows?that?
more?and?more?people?all?over?the?world?want?to?learn?about?China.??
A. who B. whom C. that D. which
基础演练
1.He is good at English, ______we all know.
A. that B. as C. whom D. What
2.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which B. that C. whom D. who
3.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which B. that C. whom D. who
4.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.
A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that
5.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.
A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after
C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after
巩固提高
1.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.
A.that B.which C.for which D.who
2.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.
A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which
3. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.
A. that B. which C. it D. though
4. I shall never forget those years when I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.
A. who B. which C. that D. which
5. Have you ever listened to the song Yesterday once more, _______ singer died in her early years?
A. its B.it’s C. whose D. which
6. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.
A. as B. that C. what D. who
7. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.
A. none of them B. neither of them
C. neither of which D. none of which
8. To get the job started, _________ I need is your permission.
A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that
9. My father bought me several books, but _________ was interesting.
A. most of them B. none of them C. none of which D. neither of which
10. Liu Xiang’s breaking the world record was an exciting moment, _________ all of us will never forget.
A. that B. one C. it D. what
1. The foreign guests, _________ were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
A. most of whom B. most of them C. most of which D. most of those
2. Tom didn’t attend the meeting, ________ we had expected.
A. where B. that C. as D. what
3. Mr. White will come to the party on Sunday, _________ he promised to every one of us.
A. when B. that C. what D. which
4. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ______, of course, made the others envy him.
? A. who?? B. that ?? C. what? ? D. which???
5. It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one _________ he can get more money to support his family.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
6. The Science Museum, we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.
A.which B.what C.that D.where
7. When you call on a Frenchman, you may chat for an hour or so, _________ not even a coffee or water is offered.
A. during this time B. by this time C. during which time D. by which time
8. David gets up early and takes exercise in the morning, _________ is usual with him.
A. as B. that C. what D. so
9. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.
A. who B. which C. what D. that
10. I shall never forget 9 a.m. on Oct. 12, 2005, the most exciting moment, _____ Shenzhou Ⅵwas launched, _____ is always making me think of how I can do more for my homeland.
A. that; which B. which; that C. when; as D. when; which
11. They’ve won their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising
A. that B. when C. what D. which
12. Eric received training in computer for one year, he found a job in a big company.?
A.after that B.after which C.after it D.after this
13. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ______ are sold abroad.
?A. of which?? B. which of?? C. of them?? D. of that??
14. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, ________ in turn will promote its economic development.
A. what B. which C. that D. as
15. The?number?of?smokers,?_____?is?reported,?has?dropped?by?17?percent?in?just?one?year.?
A. as B. which C. it D. what
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
单项选择
1. — I hear it will rain tomorrow.
— It _______ true. You see, there are so many black clouds in the sky now.
A. won’t be B. will be C. may be D. may not be
2. To qualify yourself for this kind of new job, I recommend that you ________ some online courses.
A. to take B. taking C. take D. would take
3. Jane has been so ________ in getting used to everything that she hasn’t had time for social activities.
A. confused B. worried C. devoted D. occupied
4. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, ________ in turn will promote its economic development.
A. what B. which C. that D. as
5. There was good food __________ abundance at the party.
A. at B. with C. in D. of
6. Was it two years ago ________ they first met?
A. since B. which C. while D. that
7. I was given three books on sewing, the first ______ I really enjoyed.
A. that B. which C. of which D. of that
8. As the busiest woman in the village, she made _____ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that village.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
9. Mary felt sad over the loss of photos she had shot in Australia, ______ that was a memory she especially treasured.
A. as B. which C. when D. where
10. Have you ever listened to the song Yesterday once more, ________ singer died in her early years?
A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which
二. 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The popular Korean male artist Rain swept through Asia recently, gaining popularity among both male and female fans. 36 his popularity, Pepsi(百事可乐), which did not 37 to offer any Korean artist the opportunity to be one of its ambassadors (大使), has changed their mind. They now have 38 Rain to be its new “blue blood(蓝血家族)” and have offered him a high price.
For the past two years, Pepsi has 39 an enormous amount of money in signing up world popular mega stars to be the company’s ambassadors. They 40 soccer star David Beckham, Taiwan popular Idols F4, Jay Chou, Hong Kong star Edison Chen, Nicholas Tse, Louis Koo etc. Now with the 41 rising of Korean star Rain, Pepsi was quick to put him on its 42.
According to sources, Pepsi has recently sent a(an) 43 to Korea to discuss details with Rain and they are about to 44 a contract. When a reporter called Ms Li to verify this matter, she didn’t deny it, and 45 that “At this point, we can’t reveal anything”. Also according to sources, Pepsi will be the sponsor of Rain’s October 46 in Hong Kong, but Rain’s Hong Kong manager Ms Chan Ka Ying 47 , “At this moment, it’s not 48 to talk about this. There will be an announcement shortly!”
49 the old Chinese saying goes: “One mountain cannot be ruled by two tigers”, Pepsi has somehow created an internal 50 between Rain and Jay Chou. Rain’s popularity is rising and he has the 51 “single eye-lid” feature as Jay, whose status has somehow been 52. There’s a rumor that the skin product brand DHC is intending to 53 their ambassador from Jay to Rain, in order to capture the Korean, Japanese, Chinese 54.
Rain’s recent Beijing concert was a tremendous hit, 55 in “Korean Fever” in Mainland China.
1. A. Thanks for B. Due to C. According to D. Based on
2. A. Target B. point C. aim D. intend
3. A. Accepted B. Invited C. Adopted D. approved
4. A. spent B. depended C. Cost D. paid
5. A. contain B. include C. cover D. enclose
6. A. up-to-date B. new C. Modern D. recent
7. A. Schedule B. record C. list D. program
8. A. manager B. artist C. boss D. representative
9. A. sign B. mark C. get D. keep
10. A. supplied B. increased C. joined D. added
11. A. concert B. show C. display D. exhibition
12. A. recognized B. Responded C. reacted D. acknowledged
13. A. comfortable B. pleasant C. convenient D. relaxed
14. A. As B. When C. After D. While
15. A. struggle B. competition C. fight D. conflict
16. A. same B. alike C. Different D. similar
17. A. infected B. effected C. Affected D. caused
18. A. exchange B. vary C. Shift D. switch
19. A. markets B. Shops C. Malls D. stores
20. A. Resulting B. Causing C. Leading D. directing
三. 阅读理解
Down-to-earth means being honest, open, and easy to deal with. It is a pleasure to find someone who is down-to-earth. A person who is down-to-earth is easy to talk to. He or she accepts others as equals. A down-to-earth person may be an important member of society, of course, but they do not let their importance go to their heads, and they do not consider themselves to be better than others who are less important. Someone who is filled with self-importance and pride, often without cause, is said to have his nose in the air. There is no way a person with his nose in the air can be down-to-earth.
Americans use another expression that is similar in some way to down-to-earth. The expression is both feet on the ground. Someone with both feet on the ground is a person with a good understanding of reality. He has what is called common sense. He may have dreams but he does not allow them to block his knowledge of what is real. The opposite kind of person is one who has his head in the clouds. A man with his head in the clouds is a dreamer whose mind is not in the world. Sometimes such a dreamer can be brought back to reality; sharp words from the teacher, for example, can usually get a daydreaming student to put both feet back on the ground.
The person who is down-to-earth usually has both feet on the ground. But the opposite is not always true. Someone with both feet on the ground may not be as open and easy to deal with as someone who is down-to-earth. When we have both our feet firmly on the ground, we are realistic and we act honestly and openly toward others, and our lives are like the ground below us, solid and strong.
21. If a person has his nose in the air, he ____.
A. is down to the earth B. is easy to deal with
C. always thinks he is more important than others D. is confident
22. If a person has both feet on the ground, he ____.
A. is in touch with reality, and doesn’t have any dreams
B. has some dreams but he is realistic
C. is honest, open and easy to deal with
D. is honest, open but hard to deal with
23. From the second paragraph, we know that sharp words from a teacher can usually ________.
A. help a student get down to the earth
B. wake a student up
C. help a daydreaming student come down to the ground
D. help a daydreaming student to become more realistic
24. The underlined sentence “But the opposite is not always true.” most probably means that ______.
A. the person who has his nose in the air is not true
B. a man with his head in the clouds is often not intelligent
C. the opposite direction is always wrong
D. a person who has both feet on the ground may not be down-to-earth
25. From the passage, we can infer the person who is _______ is the most popular kind of person.
A. down-to-earth B. standing on the ground
C. with his nose in the air D. with his head in the clouds
第10讲 Traveling abroad 语法篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
1.掌握非限定性定语从句的结构与功能；
2.能够熟练选用合适的关系代词和关系副词。
非限制性定语从句
1. 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：
This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
2. 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如：
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查理.史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3. 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
(2015北京) Opposite?is?St.Paul's?Church,___you?can?hear?some?lovely?music.?
A. which B. that C. when D. where
答案: D
解析: 句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St.?Paul’s?Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语，用where。故选D。?
2. (2015湖南)It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottage.
A. as B. where C. that D. which
答案: D
解析: 根据分析，此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语的，所以用关系代词引导。As引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首，故排除，选用which。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。故选D?。
3. (2015重庆) He?wrote?many?children’?s?books,?nearly?half?of____?were?published?in?the?1990s.?
A. whom B. which C. them D. that
答案: B
解析: 句意：他写了许多儿童书籍，几乎一半在1990年左右出版。先行词是books，定语从句中of缺少宾语，故选B项。
4. (2015四川) The?books?on?the?desk, covers?are?shiny,?are?prizes?for?us.?
which B. what C. whose D. that
答案: C
解析: 本题考查定语从句的关系词，先行词为the?books，和covers之间存在所有关系，故选择C，意为书的封面。句意为：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。
5. (2015福建) China?Today?attracts?a?worldwide?readership,_______?shows?that?
more?and?more?people?all?over?the?world?want?to?learn?about?China.??
A. who B. whom C. that D. which
答案: D
解析: 根据句式结构来看出现了逗号，说明这是一个非限制性定语从句。首先That不能引导非限制性定语从句，who在引导非限制性定语从句的时候通常在从句中做主语和宾语，指人，而whom也指人，却只能做宾语。Which引导非限制性定语从句通常在从句中做主语或者宾语。关系词代指前面的中国日报，在定语从句中做主语。该句意思为：中国日报有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。故选D。
基础演练
1.He is good at English, ______we all know.
A. that B. as C. whom D. What
2.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which B. that C. whom D. who
3.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which B. that C. whom D. who
4.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.
A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that
5.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.
A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after
C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after
Key: 1-5 BDDAB
巩固提高
1.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.
A.that B.which C.for which D.who
2.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.
A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which
3. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.
A. that B. which C. it D. though
4. I shall never forget those years when I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.
A. who B. which C. that D. which
5. Have you ever listened to the song Yesterday once more, _______ singer died in her early years?
A. its B.it’s C. whose D. which
6. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.
A. as B. that C. what D. who
7. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.
A. none of them B. neither of them
C. neither of which D. none of which
8. To get the job started, _________ I need is your permission.
A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that
9. My father bought me several books, but _________ was interesting.
A. most of them B. none of them C. none of which D. neither of which
10. Liu Xiang’s breaking the world record was an exciting moment, _________ all of us will never forget.
A. that B. one C. it D. what
Key: 6-10BDBA 10-15 ACCCD
1. The foreign guests, _________ were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
A. most of whom B. most of them C. most of which D. most of those
2. Tom didn’t attend the meeting, ________ we had expected.
A. where B. that C. as D. what
3. Mr. White will come to the party on Sunday, _________ he promised to every one of us.
A. when B. that C. what D. which
4. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ______, of course, made the others envy him.
? A. who?? B. that ?? C. what? ? D. which???
5. It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one _________ he can get more money to support his family.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
6. The Science Museum, we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.
A.which B.what C.that D.where
7. When you call on a Frenchman, you may chat for an hour or so, _________ not even a coffee or water is offered.
A. during this time B. by this time C. during which time D. by which time
8. David gets up early and takes exercise in the morning, _________ is usual with him.
A. as B. that C. what D. so
9. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.
A. who B. which C. what D. that
10. I shall never forget 9 a.m. on Oct. 12, 2005, the most exciting moment, _____ Shenzhou Ⅵwas launched, _____ is always making me think of how I can do more for my homeland.
A. that; which B. which; that C. when; as D. when; which
11. They’ve won their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising
A. that B. when C. what D. which
12. Eric received training in computer for one year, he found a job in a big company.?
A.after that B.after which C.after it D.after this
13. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ______ are sold abroad.
?A. of which?? B. which of?? C. of them?? D. of that??
14. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, ________ in turn will promote its economic development.
A. what B. which C. that D. as
15. The?number?of?smokers,?_____?is?reported,?has?dropped?by?17?percent?in?just?one?year.?
A. as B. which C. it D. what
Key: 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 ACABD 11-15 DBABA
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
单项选择
1. — I hear it will rain tomorrow.
— It _______ true. You see, there are so many black clouds in the sky now.
A. won’t be B. will be C. may be D. may not be
2. To qualify yourself for this kind of new job, I recommend that you ________ some online courses.
A. to take B. taking C. take D. would take
3. Jane has been so ________ in getting used to everything that she hasn’t had time for social activities.
A. confused B. worried C. devoted D. occupied
4. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, ________ in turn will promote its economic development.
A. what B. which C. that D. as
5. There was good food __________ abundance at the party.
A. at B. with C. in D. of
6. Was it two years ago ________ they first met?
A. since B. which C. while D. that
7. I was given three books on sewing, the first ______ I really enjoyed.
A. that B. which C. of which D. of that
8. As the busiest woman in the village, she made _____ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that village.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
9. Mary felt sad over the loss of photos she had shot in Australia, ______ that was a memory she especially treasured.
A. as B. which C. when D. where
10. Have you ever listened to the song Yesterday once more, ________ singer died in her early years?
A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which
Key: 1-5 CCDBB 6-10 ACDAC
二. 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The popular Korean male artist Rain swept through Asia recently, gaining popularity among both male and female fans. 36 his popularity, Pepsi(百事可乐), which did not 37 to offer any Korean artist the opportunity to be one of its ambassadors (大使), has changed their mind. They now have 38 Rain to be its new “blue blood(蓝血家族)” and have offered him a high price.
For the past two years, Pepsi has 39 an enormous amount of money in signing up world popular mega stars to be the company’s ambassadors. They 40 soccer star David Beckham, Taiwan popular Idols F4, Jay Chou, Hong Kong star Edison Chen, Nicholas Tse, Louis Koo etc. Now with the 41 rising of Korean star Rain, Pepsi was quick to put him on its 42.
According to sources, Pepsi has recently sent a(an) 43 to Korea to discuss details with Rain and they are about to 44 a contract. When a reporter called Ms Li to verify this matter, she didn’t deny it, and 45 that “At this point, we can’t reveal anything”. Also according to sources, Pepsi will be the sponsor of Rain’s October 46 in Hong Kong, but Rain’s Hong Kong manager Ms Chan Ka Ying 47 , “At this moment, it’s not 48 to talk about this. There will be an announcement shortly!”
49 the old Chinese saying goes: “One mountain cannot be ruled by two tigers”, Pepsi has somehow created an internal 50 between Rain and Jay Chou. Rain’s popularity is rising and he has the 51 “single eye-lid” feature as Jay, whose status has somehow been 52. There’s a rumor that the skin product brand DHC is intending to 53 their ambassador from Jay to Rain, in order to capture the Korean, Japanese, Chinese 54.
Rain’s recent Beijing concert was a tremendous hit, 55 in “Korean Fever” in Mainland China.
1. A. Thanks for B. Due to C. According to D. Based on
2. A. Target B. point C. aim D. intend
3. A. Accepted B. Invited C. Adopted D. approved
4. A. spent B. depended C. Cost D. paid
5. A. contain B. include C. cover D. enclose
6. A. up-to-date B. new C. Modern D. recent
7. A. Schedule B. record C. list D. program
8. A. manager B. artist C. boss D. representative
9. A. sign B. mark C. get D. keep
10. A. supplied B. increased C. joined D. added
11. A. concert B. show C. display D. exhibition
12. A. recognized B. Responded C. reacted D. acknowledged
13. A. comfortable B. pleasant C. convenient D. relaxed
14. A. As B. When C. After D. While
15. A. struggle B. competition C. fight D. conflict
16. A. same B. alike C. Different D. similar
17. A. infected B. effected C. Affected D. caused
18. A. exchange B. vary C. Shift D. switch
19. A. markets B. Shops C. Malls D. stores
20. A. Resulting B. Causing C. Leading D. directing
Key: 1-5 BDBAB 6-10 DCDAD 11-15 ABCAB 16-20 ACDAA
三. 阅读理解
Down-to-earth means being honest, open, and easy to deal with. It is a pleasure to find someone who is down-to-earth. A person who is down-to-earth is easy to talk to. He or she accepts others as equals. A down-to-earth person may be an important member of society, of course, but they do not let their importance go to their heads, and they do not consider themselves to be better than others who are less important. Someone who is filled with self-importance and pride, often without cause, is said to have his nose in the air. There is no way a person with his nose in the air can be down-to-earth.
Americans use another expression that is similar in some way to down-to-earth. The expression is both feet on the ground. Someone with both feet on the ground is a person with a good understanding of reality. He has what is called common sense. He may have dreams but he does not allow them to block his knowledge of what is real. The opposite kind of person is one who has his head in the clouds. A man with his head in the clouds is a dreamer whose mind is not in the world. Sometimes such a dreamer can be brought back to reality; sharp words from the teacher, for example, can usually get a daydreaming student to put both feet back on the ground.
The person who is down-to-earth usually has both feet on the ground. But the opposite is not always true. Someone with both feet on the ground may not be as open and easy to deal with as someone who is down-to-earth. When we have both our feet firmly on the ground, we are realistic and we act honestly and openly toward others, and our lives are like the ground below us, solid and strong.
21. If a person has his nose in the air, he ____.
A. is down to the earth B. is easy to deal with
C. always thinks he is more important than others D. is confident
22. If a person has both feet on the ground, he ____.
A. is in touch with reality, and doesn’t have any dreams
B. has some dreams but he is realistic
C. is honest, open and easy to deal with
D. is honest, open but hard to deal with
23. From the second paragraph, we know that sharp words from a teacher can usually ________.
A. help a student get down to the earth
B. wake a student up
C. help a daydreaming student come down to the ground
D. help a daydreaming student to become more realistic
24. The underlined sentence “But the opposite is not always true.” most probably means that ______.
A. the person who has his nose in the air is not true
B. a man with his head in the clouds is often not intelligent
C. the opposite direction is always wrong
D. a person who has both feet on the ground may not be down-to-earth
25. From the passage, we can infer the person who is _______ is the most popular kind of person.
A. down-to-earth B. standing on the ground
C. with his nose in the air D. with his head in the clouds
Key: CBDDA
