Unit 1 Breaking records词汇篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握并熟练运用高频词汇，能够进行汉译英练习；
常考动词和形容词会默写。
一. 词汇
1. in reality ad. 实际上(事实上)
1）The house looks very old, but in reality it's quite new.
这房子看起来很旧，实际上很新。
2）One's school life seems happier in retrospect than in reality.
人们的学校生活回想起来要比实际上的快乐。
3）In reality or in truth; actually.
实际上，确实情况；事实上
2. fascinate v. 令人入神,使...～迷
1) The serpent fascinated its prey.
蛇用目光吓住了它的猎物。
2) The students were fascinated by his ideas.
学生们都被他的思想吸引住了。
3) Anything to do with old myths and legends fascinates me.
任何与上古神话传说有关的东西都会使我着迷。
4) The children were fascinated by the toys in the shop window.
孩子们让商店橱窗里的玩具给吸引住了。
5) The rabbit sat without moving, fascinated by the glare of our headlights.
我们的车的前灯把兔子照得蹲在那里一动也不动。
6 ) The place continues to fascinate visitors, cloaked in its mystery.
这个地方笼罩在神秘气氛下，继续使游览者着迷。
3. urge n. 冲动 v. 驱策,力劝,力陈
1) He urged the horses on with a whip.
他用鞭子策马前行。
2) They urged on us the need for cooperation.
他们向我们强调合作的必要性。
3) They urged us to give our support.
他们敦促我们给予支持。
4) The government urged on industry the importance of low pay settlements.
政府向工商业界强调解决低工资问题的重要性。
5) Motoring organizations are urging drivers not to travel by road if possible.
机动车协会劝告开车的人暂时不要使用公路。
6) The manager urged his staff on (to greater efforts).
经理督促职员更加努力。[来源: X
7) We urged caution.
我们特别提出要小心谨慎。
4. accomplish v. 完成
1) The prediction was literally accomplished.
这个预言确实实现了。[来源Com]
2) I have accomplished a great deal in the last few months. [来源:ZXXK]
在过去几个月里，我完成了相当多的工作。
3) We should not try to accomplish two tasks at once.
我们不能指望同时完成两件工作。
4) It lies on us to accomplish the task.
完成这项任务是我们的责任。
5. regret n. 遗憾,后悔,抱歉 v. 为...感到遗憾,后悔,惋惜
1) We informed her with regret of our decision.
我们遗憾地把我们的决定通知她。
2) She immediately regretted her decision.
她做出决定后立即感到后悔。
3) We regret that we are unable to reconsider your case.
我们很遗憾无法再考虑你的情况。
4) It is to be regretted that...
遗憾的是...
5) I regret what I said.
我很后悔不该说那话。
6) I regret to say the job has been filled.
十分抱歉, 那个工作已经有人做了。
7) I regret that I cannot help.
很抱歉, 此事爱莫能助。
8) I regret (his) ever having raised the matter.
他竟然提出此事, 令人遗憾。
6. doom n. 命运,不幸,宣告判决 v. 命中注定,宣告
1) People sent the criminal to his doom.
人们将这个罪犯处死。
2) If we had listened to the prophets of doom, we would never have started the project.
要是我们听信那些悲观者的论调, 那工程就永远不可能上马。
3) It was completely hopeless. They had to await their doom.
希望已绝, 他们只能坐以待毙了。
7. bid n. 出价 v. 命令,吩咐,投标
1) Have they put in a bid for the contract?
他们有没有投标争取承包合同？
2) I bid two hearts.
我叫两红心。
3) Several companies are bidding for the contract to build the bridge.
有几家公司在投标争取承包建桥工程。
4) Several firms have bid for the contract to build the new concert hall.
有几家公司投标，争取建造新音乐厅的合同。
5) Do as you are bidden.按照吩咐你的去做。[来源ZXXK]
6) What am I bid (for this painting)?
这幅画给我个价, 诸位愿意出多少钱?
7) She bade me (to) come in.
她叫我进来。
8. juggle [vt. 变戏法(巧妙处理,歪曲,捏造) n. 魔术(欺骗)
1)When did you learn to juggle?
你什么时候学的杂耍？
2) The juggler is juggling with plates and balls.
耍把戏的人正用碟子和球耍把戏。
3) That's stuff and nonsense; of course I can juggle with three balls at once!
那完全是胡说八道，当然我能同时耍3个球！
9. attain v. 达到,获得
1) The country attained its independence in 1972.
这个国家在1972年获得了独立。
2) He attained the age of 25 before marrying.
他年届廿五始完婚。
3) She pulls every string to attain the end.
她想尽一切办法来达到目的。
10. appreciate v. 欣赏,感激,赏识
1) We appreciate your helping us.
我们感谢你们的帮助。
2) We all appreciate a holiday after a year of hard working.
经过一年辛苦工作之后，大家都能领略假期的乐趣。
3) I really appreciate a good cup of tea.
有好茶一杯, 我就真乐在其中了。
4) You don't seem to appreciate how busy I am.
你似乎不能体念我多么忙。
5) You can't fully appreciate foreign literature in translation.
看翻译作品很难欣赏到外国文学的精髓。
6) I appreciate that you may have prior commitments.
我体谅你可能事先已另有承诺。
7) I appreciate your problem, but I don't think I can help you.
我理解你的困难, 但却爱莫能助。
8) Local property has appreciated (in value) since they built the motorway nearby.
自从附近修建了高速公路, 本地的地产（价值）已经增值。
二. 长难句理解
More than twenty of these he still holds，including the record for having the most records．
他还保持二十多项记录，包括拥有最多记录这项记录。
本句中More than twenty of these被提holds的前面，主要是出于与上文的衔接缘故。
While Ashrita makes standing on top of a 75 cm Swiss ball look easy, it is not．
阿西里塔站在一个75直径公分的瑞士球体上，似乎很容易，其实不然。
句中从句谓语动词makes是复合及物动词，look easy是它的宾语补语。住句not后可以补上easy。
You are permitted to rest for only five minutes in every hour of rolling but you are allowed to stop briefly to vomit．
每滚动一小时，你可以休息5分钟，但是停下来短暂呕吐是可以的。
本句中有个permit sb. to do sth.的动词短语用法，sb.被提前做了主语，因此permitted后面有个停顿，to到rolling也变成了主语补语。同理，并列句后半句中allowed后面也有个停顿，to到句号也是主语补语。
Lunges are extremely hard on your 1egs．
冲刺对腿部压力很大。[来源:学&科&网]
句中be hard on…意思是sth. is oppressive or unjust in nature or effect。
例如：
These restrictions were hard on welfare applicants. That boy is hard on his clothes
那个男孩很快就把衣服穿坏了。
Snow and ice are hard on a car's finish.
雪和冰磨损了汽车的表漆[
As a teenager, he began searching for a deeper meaning in life．
少年时起，他开始寻找生命的深沉含义。
search for意思是try to locate or discover, or try to establish theexistence of
例如：
The police are searching for clues.
Hebelieves that there is no limit to people’s physical abilities．
他相信人们的体能没有极限。
本句中limit 意思是the greatest amount, number or level of something that is either possible or allowed。to到句号做limit的后置修饰成分。
本句可以翻译成：他相信，人对其身体能力的开发是有止境的。
请看limit的更多例子：
Is there a limit on the amount of money you can claim?
I think we ought to put a strict limit on the amount of time we can spendon the project.
There's a limit to the number of times I can stop what I'm doing just so I can help him!
We set a time limit of thirty minutes for the test.[来源:学科网ZXXK]
So，when he won third place，he came to the understanding that his body was just an instrument of the spirit and that he seemed to be able to use his spirit to accomplish anything．
所以，赢得第三名后，他认识到他的身体不是精神的工具，他能够动用他的精神赢得一切。
句中两个that引导了两个同位语从句。同位语从句属于名词性从句，大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容，在逻辑上表现为同位关系。
例如：
They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.
他们很熟悉这一观点，所有的物质都是由原子构成的。
They were delighted at the news that their team had won.
当听到他们的球队赢了的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。
The factory(that)we visited yesterday is a chemical one.
我们昨天参观的那家工厂是化工厂。(that在从句中作宾语，所以此句是宾语从句)
The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.
他将要去上海的消息是真的。(that只起连接从句的作用，所以此句是同位语从句)
From then on，Ashrita refused to accept any physical limitation．
The motivation to keep trying to break records comes through his devotion to
Sri chinmoy．
他不断破记录的动机来自他对斯里琴摩的挚爱。
to keep trying to break records和to Sri chinmoy做后置定语分别修饰motivation和devotion。例子：
You need a lot of motivation to succeed. She will be remembered for her selfless/unstinting devotion to the cause.
9. Every time Ashrita tries to break a record，he reaches a point where he feels he cannot
physically do any more．
每次破记录，Ashrita都会达到体力的极限。[来源:]
句中where引导的是地点定语从句。
例句：
This is the room where / in which he lives.
就是他住的房间。
I can see the desk where / on which there is a book.
我能看见上面有一本书的那张桌子。
At that moment, he goes deep within himself and connectswith his soul and his teacher．
这时他会深入自我，与他的灵魂和他的老师神交。
Ashrita always acknowledges his teacher in his record-breaking attempts．
Ashrita 总是认可老师在他创造记录中起的作用。
acknowledges意思是感谢, 答谢：
He acknowledges your help
他答谢你的帮助。
He has never acknowledged my favor done to him.
他从来都不感谢我给他的帮助。[来源:网]
“There is only one perfect road．It is ahead of you，always ahead of you.”
可以译成：“人生自有完美的路，只有一条完美的路。它就在你的前方，永远在你的前方。”
一. 单选
I’m quite sure that it is ________impossible for me to fulfill the task in only two days without anyone to help me.
A absolutely B approximately C hardly D desperately
It is required that he _______the task with this year.
A will accomplish B would accomplish C might accomplish D accomplish
Modern science has given clear evidence ______smoking can lead to many diseases.
A what B which C that D where
I appreciate ______the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
A giving B to give C being given D to be given
It is universally _______that dogs have an acute sense of smell.
A answered B replied C acknowledged D regarded
二. 翻译
1. 我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。_______________________________________
2. 不要在你的帐目上搞鬼。 _______________________________________
3. 她喊价500英镑（买这幅画）。 _______________________________________
4. 他催我们走. ________________________________________
5. 每个人都是注定要死的。 _______________________________________
基础演练
一. 短语英汉互译
打破纪录 2. make… in any conventional sport
in very imaginative events 4. 实现某人的、、、、、、的梦想
在七大洲 6. performing deep knee bends in a hot air balloon
7. 事实上 8. require an enormous amount of strength
keep a full bottle of milk on one’s head 10. 倒立
11. 感激老师 12. be ahead of sb.
二. 翻译
1. 我理解你的困难, 但却爱莫能助。
2. 这个地方笼罩在神秘气氛下，继续使游览者着迷。
3. 我觉得我们应该严格界定花费在这个项目上的时间。
4. 完成这项任务是我们的责任。
5. 他竟然提出此事, 令人遗憾。
Keys:
一. 1. break records 2. 在传统运动上取得、、、、、、 3. 富有想象力的活动
4. achieve one’s dream of 5. in all seven continents 6. 在热气球中表演深度屈膝 7. in reality 8. 要求大量的力气 9. 头顶一满瓶牛奶 10. stay on one’s head 11. acknowledge one’s teacher in… 12. 在某人前方
二. 1. I appreciate your problem, but I don't think I can help you.
2. The place continues to fascinate visitors, cloaked in its mystery.
3. I think we ought to put a strict limit on the amount of time we can spendon the project.
4. It lies on us to accomplish the task.
5. I regret (his) ever having raised the matter.
巩固提高
一. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. White is the________(convention) color of a wedding dress in western countries.
2. It is not a physical but a________(spirit) hurt to her for us to take away her baby.
3. I have forgotten the exact number. There were________ (approximate) 300 people at the spot.
4. All the children were ________(fascinate) by the wonderful game.
5. A gymnast has to make many ________(adjust) in his movement before he can perform well.
二. 根据中文提示完成下列句子
1. 噪音快到我们无法忍受的地步了
Noise________ where we can't put up with.
2. 他们呼吁图书馆假期开放。
They ________during the vacation.
3. 他不胜任这样的高级职位。
He_________ such a senior position.
4. 和他讨论这些事情是在浪费时间。
______________ such matters with him.
5. 他的腿受伤了，因此不能参加比赛了。
He injured his leg，________couldn't compete every week.
一. 根据课文内容，用合适的单词补全下列短文
"THE ROAD IS ALWAYS AHEAD OF YOU"
Ashrita Furman is a sportsman ____1____ likes the challenge of breaking Guinness ____2_____．
Recently．Ashrita _____3_____ in breaking a record _____4___ all seven continents，including hula hooping in Australia，pogo stick jumping under water _____5_____ South America，_____6____ performing deep knee bends _____7____a hot air balloon ____8_____ North America．
It is not easy to stand _____9______ top of a 75 cm Swiss ball look easy．It is not _____10_____ to do somersaulting ____11______a road for 12 miles. Covering a mile in the fastest time _____12______ doing gymnastically correct lunges is not easy, _____13______. But Ashrita succeeded in all these ____14______.
He was a talented_____15______. He worked hard to ____16_____ his body as well as his mind. He believes ____17____ there is no limit to people’s physical abilities．He ___18____ “There is only one perfect road．It _____19_____ahead of you，always______20____of you.”
二.单选
The restaurant is on_____ fire and the people burnt in the fire were taken to____ hospital.
A. the; / B. /; / C. the; the D./; the
2. Mr. Smith ______ his wife and daughter _____ going to the Great Wall.
A. as well as; is B. as well; are C. as well as; are D. as well; is
3. To enjoy the scenery, Sara would spend long hours on the train ______ travel by air.
A. as to B. other than C. instead of D. rather than
4. --- What if you are not in your office?
--- You can leave the note _______ you will meet in my office.
A. whom B. to whom C. with whoever D. with whom
5. The audience ______ when they heard the humorous story.
A. burst into laughing B. burst out laughter
C. burst into laughter D. burst in laughing
6. —I'm going to join them in the game.
—____ !
A. Have fun B. I'm sure of it
C. What a pity D. Maybe you like it
7. —Hey, look where are you going?
— Oh, I'm terribly sorry. ____.
A. I'm not noticing B. I wasn't noticing
C. I haven't noticed D. I don't notice
8. The professor____ at the meeting will give us a lecture next week.
A. referred B. referred to C. referring D. referring to
9. It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages____ attracted the audience's interest.
A. so that B. that C. what D. in which
10. —How about the agreement?
—Oh, it____ a wave of anger.
A. set about B. set off C. set out D. result from
11. I ____ ping-pong quite well, but I haven't had time to play since the new year.
A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
12. China is _____ to take every opportunity to help most people live _____richer and better life.
A. trying, a B. try, the C. trying, / D. tried, a
13. When ______ about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success and happiness ________ his wife and children.
A. asking; to B. asked; in C. asked; to D. asked; about
14. With so many people___________ in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
A. communicate B. communicating
C. communicated D. being communicated
15. ________________ students are required to take part in the football game.
A. Twelve strong young Chinese B. Twelve Chinese strong young
C. Chinese twelve young strong D. Young strong twelve Chinese
16. I can't thank you ______ much for your help. Without it I couldn't have succeeded in my experiment.
A. very B. too C. quite D. that
17. —Do you think him naughty enough?
—I'm afraid he's________ than naughty.
A. more clever B. cleverer C. much clever D. much more cleverer
18. —The chicken is delicious.
—Well, at least it is ______ the one I cooked last time.
A. as bad as B. no worse than C. no better than D. not better than
19. Mr. Liu _____ come to the party, but perhaps he will go to see her father.
A. must B. should C. may D. ought to
20. This straw hat ___ me.
A. doesn't fit for B. isn't fit C. doesn't fit D. fits to
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一. 单选（2014东城区二模）
I have watched a number of movie recently,______ none of them have impressed me.
A. but B. or C. so D. for
2.The beat way________ how to drive a car is to practice with a driving instructor.
A. learned B. learning C. to learn D. to be learn
3.---Do you have any plan for this Sunday？
---Yes, I________ shopping with my friends.
A. go B. am going C. went D. have gone
It is believed_______ children should learn to be responsible from the very beginning.
A. why B. how C. when D. that
5._______a new house is impossible for the young couple because they haven’t saved enough money.
A. Buy B. Buying C. Bought D. Having bought
6. The cinema______ ten years ago we first moved to this town.
A. built B. has built C. was built D. would be built
7. My sister has a habit of keeping a diary and write down______ happen every day.
A. how B. when C. which D. what
8. Every book______ from the library should be returned on time.
A. borrow B. to borrow C. borrowing D. borrowed.
9. ---Hi, Jack, You look a bit fat now.
---Yes, I______ five pounds recently.
A. Am putting B. will put on C. have put on D. had put on
You’d better not ride the bicycle on snowy days; you______ fall.
A. must B. might C. have to D. ought to’
11. Milk will turn sour soon on hot days_____ it is stored in the refrigerator.
A. since B. until C. because D. unless
12. There was an excited expression______ his face when he heard the good news.
A. of B. on C. at D. over
13. Drivers must stop when the traffic lights______ red.
A. turn B. will turn C. turned D. were turning
Teaching is a difficult job_____ requires great skill and patience.
A. which B. where C. who D. why
I f you had told him the truth, he_____ so angry now.
A. isn’t B. wasn’t C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been
二. 阅读理解
A
What is the senior project?
The Senior Project at Clark Magnet High School is a program that shows a senior’s ability to apply knowledge and skills, speak, write, solve problems and practice the life skills of time management, organization and risk-taking. Clark teaching staff, community members and school district staff act as advisers, evaluators during the research, project and presentation stages.
The key parts of the Senior Project are:
1) A research paper
A six to eight page persuasive research paper on a topic chosen by the students. The research paper strengthens effective writing skills learned in English class. Because the paper is persuasive, students should choose a topic about which they have a strong opinion. They should use elements learned when debating to convince the readers of the strong opinion stated in the paper, and prove it through research.
2) A physical product and fieldwork
A physical product and fieldwork (15-hour minimum requirement) related to some aspect of the paper. The 15 hours can be obtained through community service, job shadowing, or making an actual project. Students explore topics that are academic in nature, a hobby, a passion, or a possible future career.
3) Data collection
Data collection that combines the first two parts and records hours spent on the fieldwork. The collection contains evidence of the fieldwork presented through letters from the students’ advisors, pictures showing the process of the project or anything else that would show proof of the work completed.
4) Speech presentation
A fifteen minute speech presented before a review board composed of school staff, district representatives, former students, and community representatives. The speech is a chance to show the students’ senior project. Students are to dress professionally and summarize their senior project journey. Students will talk briefly about their research paper, their project, and what they learned. The speech should include visual aids. If the presentation includes performing, the students must speak for at least five minutes.
The Senior Project is a vehicle that allows students to use the knowledge and skills they have acquired in a “real-world” application. It has the potential to motivate the students, connect the school with the community, and create pathways from school to career.
1. What is the main purpose of the project?
A. To offer students chances to apply their learning to practice.
B. To strengthen students’ writing and speaking abilities.
C. To encourage students to carry on scientific research.
D. To help students find some part-time jobs.
2. The underlined part “A physical product and fieldwork” means _______.
A. the information gathered in communities
B. the discussion held in the classroom
C. the project done in a real situation
D. the research made in a laboratory
3. What must the students do when they present their final project?
A. Give a performance.
B. Make a formal speech.
C. Introduce some video aids.
D. Report the details of the process.
B
Masses of floating ice are so large that they dwarfs your ship, making you question whether your ship still can be spotted among such floating mountains. They are so improbable looking that you simply look in wonder. It seems that nothing that large could be natural— and then it strikes you that something so large could only be natural.
Now, people realize that as climate change is raising global temperatures, more icebergs are being born. Antarctica creates far more of them than Greenland, the source of bergs in Arctic waters. Antarctica’s are also much larger, sometimes reaching the size of small countries. Recent data show the average atmospheric temperature has increased about 4.5°F in the western Antarctic Peninsula since the 1940s, making the region, among the fastest warming on earth. This jump has been shown in the recent breaking of major ice shelves along the Antarctic Peninsula. As a result, thousands of new icebergs have broken off, from ice shelves into the Southern Ocean at an accelerated rate.
Even as more icebergs are being created, scientists are learning that these beauties are far from inactive masses of ice. In fact, they strikingly alter their environments biologically, chemically, and physically, making them islands of life in the open sea. Observers at sea had long remarked that they attract seals, and seabirds, and divers had noticed that fish are more numerous near them than in the surrounding sea. Now scientists are learning just what the attraction is all about.
Depending on their size, location, and the season, icebergs can be nurturers or destroyers. During their existence—typically years from breaking off from an Antarctic or Greenlandic glacier to their gradual melting as they float into lower altitudes, they support animals on, around, even inside their splendid ice castle. They fertilize the ocean with nutrients, increasing sea creature production. Grounded bergs can shelter areas of the seafloor, protecting bottom-living creatures from free-floating icebergs. However, large bergs can also trap sea ice, preventing its annual breakup and thus stopping phytoplankton(浮游植物)from getting life-giving sunlight, breaking the food chain at its first link. …
Icebergs will continue to astonish and attract visitors to the polar regions with their size and extraordinary beauty. But now these frozen masses are taking on a new dimension of wonder as we uncover their vital role in the environment of polar seas. No longer can we look at icebergs as mere passive beauties. They are active agents of change, each one an icy oasis with a wake of life as it floats on its unstoppable oceanic journey to melting.
4. Why does the author mention “dwarfs your ship” in the first paragraph?
A. To explain how natural icebergs are.
B. To show how powerful icebergs are.
C. To describe icebergs as floating ships.
D. To tell the unimaginable size of icebergs.
5. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The temperature in Arctic is rising faster than that in Antarctica.
B. The ocean food chain breaks due to the melting of icebergs.
C. Floating icebergs help shelter bottom-living ocean creatures.
D. Global warming has kept bringing icebergs into being.
6. From the passage we can conclude that icebergs can _____.
A. preserve ocean life B. carry ocean nutrients away
C. create a warm polar environment D. keep sea animals away from polar seas
7. What is the author’s attitude towards the icebergs?
A. Cautious. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.
Unit 1 Breaking records 词汇篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握并熟练运用高频词汇，能够进行汉译英练习；
常考动词和形容词会默写。
一. 词汇
1. in reality ad. 实际上(事实上)
1）The house looks very old, but in reality it's quite new.
这房子看起来很旧，实际上很新。
2）One's school life seems happier in retrospect than in reality.
人们的学校生活回想起来要比实际上的快乐。
3）In reality or in truth; actually.
实际上，确实情况；事实上
2. fascinate v. 令人入神,使...～迷
1) The serpent fascinated its prey.
蛇用目光吓住了它的猎物。
2) The students were fascinated by his ideas.
学生们都被他的思想吸引住了。
3) Anything to do with old myths and legends fascinates me.
任何与上古神话传说有关的东西都会使我着迷。
4) The children were fascinated by the toys in the shop window.
孩子们让商店橱窗里的玩具给吸引住了。
5) The rabbit sat without moving, fascinated by the glare of our headlights.
我们的车的前灯把兔子照得蹲在那里一动也不动。
3. urge n. 冲动 v. 驱策,力劝,力陈
1) He urged the horses on with a whip.
他用鞭子策马前行。
2) They urged on us the need for cooperation.
他们向我们强调合作的必要性。
3) They urged us to give our support.
他们敦促我们给予支持。
4) The government urged on industry the importance of low pay settlements.
政府向工商业界强调解决低工资问题的重要性。
5) Motoring organizations are urging drivers not to travel by road if possible.
机动车协会劝告开车的人暂时不要使用公路。
6) The manager urged his staff on (to greater efforts).
经理督促职员更加努力。[来源: X
7) We urged caution.
我们特别提出要小心谨慎。
4. accomplish v. 完成
1) The prediction was literally accomplished.
这个预言确实实现了。[来源Com]
2) I have accomplished a great deal in the last few months. [来源:ZXXK]
在过去几个月里，我完成了相当多的工作。
3) We should not try to accomplish two tasks at once.
我们不能指望同时完成两件工作。
5. regret n. 遗憾,后悔,抱歉 v. 为...感到遗憾,后悔,惋惜
1) We informed her with regret of our decision.
我们遗憾地把我们的决定通知她。
2) She immediately regretted her decision.
她做出决定后立即感到后悔。
3) We regret that we are unable to reconsider your case.
我们很遗憾无法再考虑你的情况。
4) It is to be regretted that...
遗憾的是...
5) I regret what I said.
我很后悔不该说那话。
6) I regret to say the job has been filled.
十分抱歉, 那个工作已经有人做了。
7) I regret that I cannot help.
很抱歉, 此事爱莫能助。
6. doom n. 命运,不幸,宣告判决 v. 命中注定,宣告
1) People sent the criminal to his doom.
人们将这个罪犯处死。
2) If we had listened to the prophets of doom, we would never have started the project.
要是我们听信那些悲观者的论调, 那工程就永远不可能上马。
3) It was completely hopeless. They had to await their doom.
希望已绝, 他们只能坐以待毙了。
7. bid n. 出价 v. 命令,吩咐,投标
1) Have they put in a bid for the contract?
他们有没有投标争取承包合同？
2) I bid two hearts.
我叫两红心。
3) Several companies are bidding for the contract to build the bridge.
有几家公司在投标争取承包建桥工程。
4) Several firms have bid for the contract to build the new concert hall.
有几家公司投标，争取建造新音乐厅的合同。
5) Do as you are bidden.按照吩咐你的去做。[来源ZXXK]
6) What am I bid (for this painting)?
这幅画给我个价, 诸位愿意出多少钱?
7) She bade me (to) come in.
她叫我进来。
8. juggle [vt. 变戏法(巧妙处理,歪曲,捏造) n. 魔术(欺骗)
1)When did you learn to juggle?
你什么时候学的杂耍？
2) The juggler is juggling with plates and balls.
耍把戏的人正用碟子和球耍把戏。
3) That's stuff and nonsense; of course I can juggle with three balls at once!
那完全是胡说八道，当然我能同时耍3个球！
9. attain v. 达到,获得
1) The country attained its independence in 1972.
这个国家在1972年获得了独立。
2) He attained the age of 25 before marrying.
他年届廿五始完婚。
3) She pulls every string to attain the end.
她想尽一切办法来达到目的。
10. appreciate v. 欣赏,感激,赏识
1) We appreciate your helping us.
我们感谢你们的帮助。
2) We all appreciate a holiday after a year of hard working.
经过一年辛苦工作之后，大家都能领略假期的乐趣。
3) I really appreciate a good cup of tea.
有好茶一杯, 我就真乐在其中了。
4) You don't seem to appreciate how busy I am.
你似乎不能体念我多么忙。
5) You can't fully appreciate foreign literature in translation.
看翻译作品很难欣赏到外国文学的精髓。
6) I appreciate that you may have prior commitments.
我体谅你可能事先已另有承诺。
二. 长难句理解
More than twenty of these he still holds，including the record for having the most records．
他还保持二十多项记录，包括拥有最多记录这项记录。
本句中More than twenty of these被提holds的前面，主要是出于与上文的衔接缘故。
While Ashrita makes standing on top of a 75 cm Swiss ball look easy, it is not．
阿西里塔站在一个75直径公分的瑞士球体上，似乎很容易，其实不然。
句中从句谓语动词makes是复合及物动词，look easy是它的宾语补语。住句not后可以补上easy。
You are permitted to rest for only five minutes in every hour of rolling but you are allowed to stop briefly to vomit．
每滚动一小时，你可以休息5分钟，但是停下来短暂呕吐是可以的。
本句中有个permit sb. to do sth.的动词短语用法，sb.被提前做了主语，因此permitted后面有个停顿，to到rolling也变成了主语补语。同理，并列句后半句中allowed后面也有个停顿，to到句号也是主语补语。
Lunges are extremely hard on your 1egs．
冲刺对腿部压力很大。[来源:学&科&网]
句中be hard on…意思是sth. is oppressive or unjust in nature or effect。
例如：
These restrictions were hard on welfare applicants. That boy is hard on his clothes
那个男孩很快就把衣服穿坏了。
Snow and ice are hard on a car's finish.
雪和冰磨损了汽车的表漆[
As a teenager, he began searching for a deeper meaning in life．
少年时起，他开始寻找生命的深沉含义。
search for意思是try to locate or discover, or try to establish theexistence of
例如：
The police are searching for clues.
Hebelieves that there is no limit to people’s physical abilities．
他相信人们的体能没有极限。
本句中limit 意思是the greatest amount, number or level of something that is either possible or allowed。to到句号做limit的后置修饰成分。
本句可以翻译成：他相信，人对其身体能力的开发是有止境的。
请看limit的更多例子：
Is there a limit on the amount of money you can claim?
There's a limit to the number of times I can stop what I'm doing just so I can help him!
We set a time limit of thirty minutes for the test.[来源:学科网ZXXK]
So，when he won third place，he came to the understanding that his body was just an instrument of the spirit and that he seemed to be able to use his spirit to accomplish anything．
所以，赢得第三名后，他认识到他的身体不是精神的工具，他能够动用他的精神赢得一切。
句中两个that引导了两个同位语从句。同位语从句属于名词性从句，大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容，在逻辑上表现为同位关系。
例如：
They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.
他们很熟悉这一观点，所有的物质都是由原子构成的。
They were delighted at the news that their team had won.
当听到他们的球队赢了的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。
The factory(that)we visited yesterday is a chemical one.
我们昨天参观的那家工厂是化工厂。(that在从句中作宾语，所以此句是宾语从句)
The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.
他将要去上海的消息是真的。(that只起连接从句的作用，所以此句是同位语从句)
From then on，Ashrita refused to accept any physical limitation．
The motivation to keep trying to break records comes through his devotion to
Sri chinmoy．
他不断破记录的动机来自他对斯里琴摩的挚爱。
to keep trying to break records和to Sri chinmoy做后置定语分别修饰motivation和devotion。例子：
You need a lot of motivation to succeed. She will be remembered for her selfless/unstinting devotion to the cause.
9. Every time Ashrita tries to break a record，he reaches a point where he feels he cannot
physically do any more．
每次破记录，Ashrita都会达到体力的极限。[来源:]
句中where引导的是地点定语从句。
例句：
This is the room where / in which he lives.
就是他住的房间。
I can see the desk where / on which there is a book.
我能看见上面有一本书的那张桌子。
At that moment, he goes deep within himself and connectswith his soul and his teacher．
这时他会深入自我，与他的灵魂和他的老师神交。
Ashrita always acknowledges his teacher in his record-breaking attempts．
Ashrita 总是认可老师在他创造记录中起的作用。
acknowledges意思是感谢, 答谢：
He acknowledges your help
他答谢你的帮助。
He has never acknowledged my favor done to him.
他从来都不感谢我给他的帮助。[来源:网]
“There is only one perfect road．It is ahead of you，always ahead of you.”
可以译成：“人生自有完美的路，只有一条完美的路。它就在你的前方，永远在你的前方。”
一. 单选
I’m quite sure that it is ________impossible for me to fulfill the task in only two days without anyone to help me.
A absolutely B approximately C hardly D desperately
解析：题干是“我非常确信对我来说在两天内没有任何人的帮助大约不可能完成任务”。含有宾语从句和主语从句。
答案： B
It is required that he _______the task with this year.
A will accomplish B would accomplish C might accomplish D accomplish
解析：含有require（请求、要求）的主语从句，用虚拟语气 should+动词原形，should可以省略。
答案： D
Modern science has given clear evidence ______smoking can lead to many diseases.
A what B which C that D where
解析：含有抽象意义单词evidence(证据，证明），运用同位语从句解释其内容。
答案： C
I appreciate ______the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
A giving B to give C being given D to be given
解析：根据appreciate + doing，排除B、D；主语与宾语是被动关系，选C。
答案： C
It is universally _______that dogs have an acute sense of smell.
A answered B replied C acknowledged D regarded
解析：区分词义：answer 回答 reply 回复 acknowledge 承认，公认 regard注意；看待；尊重。根据句意选出答案 C.
答案： C
二. 翻译
1. 我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。_______________________________________
2. 不要在你的帐目上搞鬼。 _______________________________________
3. 她喊价500英镑（买这幅画）。 _______________________________________
4. 他催我们走. ________________________________________
5. 每个人都是注定要死的。 _______________________________________
答案：
1. I'm determined to attain my purpose at any cost.
Don't juggle with your accounts.
She bid 500 (for the painting).
He urged that we should go/urged (our) going/urged us to go.
5. Everyone is doomed to die.
基础演练
一. 短语英汉互译
打破纪录 2. make… in any conventional sport
in very imaginative events 4. 实现某人的、、、、、、的梦想
在七大洲 6. performing deep knee bends in a hot air balloon
7. 事实上 8. require an enormous amount of strength
keep a full bottle of milk on one’s head 10. 倒立
11. 感激老师 12. be ahead of sb.
二. 翻译
1. 我理解你的困难, 但却爱莫能助。
2. 这个地方笼罩在神秘气氛下，继续使游览者着迷。
3. 我觉得我们应该严格界定花费在这个项目上的时间。
4. 完成这项任务是我们的责任。
5. 他竟然提出此事, 令人遗憾。
Keys:
一. 1. break records 2. 在传统运动上取得、、、、、、 3. 富有想象力的活动
4. achieve one’s dream of 5. in all seven continents 6. 在热气球中表演深度屈膝 7. in reality 8. 要求大量的力气 9. 头顶一满瓶牛奶 10. stay on one’s head 11. acknowledge one’s teacher in… 12. 在某人前方
二. 1. I appreciate your problem, but I don't think I can help you.
2. The place continues to fascinate visitors, cloaked in its mystery.
3. I think we ought to put a strict limit on the amount of time we can spendon the project.
4. It lies on us to accomplish the task.
5. I regret (his) ever having raised the matter.
巩固提高
一. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. White is the________(convention) color of a wedding dress in western countries.
2. It is not a physical but a________(spirit) hurt to her for us to take away her baby.
3. I have forgotten the exact number. There were________ (approximate) 300 people at the spot.
4. All the children were ________(fascinate) by the wonderful game.
5. A gymnast has to make many ________(adjust) in his movement before he can perform well.
二. 根据中文提示完成下列句子
1. 噪音快到我们无法忍受的地步了
Noise________ where we can't put up with.
2. 他们呼吁图书馆假期开放。
They ________during the vacation.
3. 他不胜任这样的高级职位。
He_________ such a senior position.
4. 和他讨论这些事情是在浪费时间。
______________ such matters with him.
5. 他的腿受伤了，因此不能参加比赛了。
He injured his leg，________couldn't compete every week.
Keys：
一．1. conventional 2.spiritual 3.approximately 4.fascinated 5. adjustment
二．1. is going to the point 2.urge that the library be kept open
3.is not fitunfit for 4.It's a waste of time discussing 5.and therefore
一. 根据课文内容，用合适的单词补全下列短文
"THE ROAD IS ALWAYS AHEAD OF YOU"
Ashrita Furman is a sportsman ____1____ likes the challenge of breaking Guinness ____2_____．
Recently．Ashrita _____3_____ in breaking a record _____4___ all seven continents，including hula hooping in Australia，pogo stick jumping under water _____5_____ South America，_____6____ performing deep knee bends _____7____a hot air balloon ____8_____ North America．
It is not easy to stand _____9______ top of a 75 cm Swiss ball look easy．It is not _____10_____ to do somersaulting ____11______a road for 12 miles. Covering a mile in the fastest time _____12______ doing gymnastically correct lunges is not easy, _____13______. But Ashrita succeeded in all these ____14______.
He was a talented_____15______. He worked hard to ____16_____ his body as well as his mind. He believes ____17____ there is no limit to people’s physical abilities．He ___18____ “There is only one perfect road．It _____19_____ahead of you，always______20____of you.”
二.单选
The restaurant is on_____ fire and the people burnt in the fire were taken to____ hospital.
A. the; / B. /; / C. the; the D./; the
2. Mr. Smith ______ his wife and daughter _____ going to the Great Wall.
A. as well as; is B. as well; are C. as well as; are D. as well; is
3. To enjoy the scenery, Sara would spend long hours on the train ______ travel by air.
A. as to B. other than C. instead of D. rather than
4. --- What if you are not in your office?
--- You can leave the note _______ you will meet in my office.
A. whom B. to whom C. with whoever D. with whom
5. The audience ______ when they heard the humorous story.
A. burst into laughing B. burst out laughter
C. burst into laughter D. burst in laughing
6. —I'm going to join them in the game.
—____ !
A. Have fun B. I'm sure of it
C. What a pity D. Maybe you like it
7. —Hey, look where are you going?
— Oh, I'm terribly sorry. ____.
A. I'm not noticing B. I wasn't noticing
C. I haven't noticed D. I don't notice
8. The professor____ at the meeting will give us a lecture next week.
A. referred B. referred to C. referring D. referring to
9. It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages____ attracted the audience's interest.
A. so that B. that C. what D. in which
10. —How about the agreement?
—Oh, it____ a wave of anger.
A. set about B. set off C. set out D. result from
11. I ____ ping-pong quite well, but I haven't had time to play since the new year.
A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
12. China is _____ to take every opportunity to help most people live _____richer and better life.
A. trying, a B. try, the C. trying, / D. tried, a
13. When ______ about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success and happiness ________ his wife and children.
A. asking; to B. asked; in C. asked; to D. asked; about
14. With so many people___________ in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
A. communicate B. communicating
C. communicated D. being communicated
15. ________________ students are required to take part in the football game.
A. Twelve strong young Chinese B. Twelve Chinese strong young
C. Chinese twelve young strong D. Young strong twelve Chinese
16. I can't thank you ______ much for your help. Without it I couldn't have succeeded in my experiment.
A. very B. too C. quite D. that
17. —Do you think him naughty enough?
—I'm afraid he's________ than naughty.
A. more clever B. cleverer C. much clever D. much more cleverer
18. —The chicken is delicious.
—Well, at least it is ______ the one I cooked last time.
A. as bad as B. no worse than C. no better than D. not better than
19. Mr. Liu _____ come to the party, but perhaps he will go to see her father.
A. must B. should C. may D. ought to
20. This straw hat ___ me.
A. doesn't fit for B. isn't fit C. doesn't fit D. fits to
Keys:
一. 1.who 2. records 3. succeeded 4. in 5. in 6. and 7. in 8. in 9. on 10.easy 11. along 12. while 13. either 14. events 15. sportsman 16. develop 17. that 18. always 19. is 20. ahead
BADCC ABBBB DACBA BABCC
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一. 单选（2014东城区二模）
I have watched a number of movie recently,______ none of them have impressed me.
A. but B. or C. so D. for
2.The beat way________ how to drive a car is to practice with a driving instructor.
A. learned B. learning C. to learn D. to be learn
3.---Do you have any plan for this Sunday？
---Yes, I________ shopping with my friends.
A. go B. am going C. went D. have gone
It is believed_______ children should learn to be responsible from the very beginning.
A. why B. how C. when D. that
5._______a new house is impossible for the young couple because they haven’t saved enough money.
A. Buy B. Buying C. Bought D. Having bought
6. The cinema______ ten years ago we first moved to this town.
A. built B. has built C. was built D. would be built
7. My sister has a habit of keeping a diary and write down______ happen every day.
A. how B. when C. which D. what
8. Every book______ from the library should be returned on time.
A. borrow B. to borrow C. borrowing D. borrowed.
9. ---Hi, Jack, You look a bit fat now.
---Yes, I______ five pounds recently.
A. Am putting B. will put on C. have put on D. had put on
You’d better not ride the bicycle on snowy days; you______ fall.
A. must B. might C. have to D. ought to’
11. Milk will turn sour soon on hot days_____ it is stored in the refrigerator.
A. since B. until C. because D. unless
12. There was an excited expression______ his face when he heard the good news.
A. of B. on C. at D. over
13. Drivers must stop when the traffic lights______ red.
A. turn B. will turn C. turned D. were turning
Teaching is a difficult job_____ requires great skill and patience.
A. which B. where C. who D. why
I f you had told him the truth, he_____ so angry now.
A. isn’t B. wasn’t C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been
二. 阅读理解
A
What is the senior project?
The Senior Project at Clark Magnet High School is a program that shows a senior’s ability to apply knowledge and skills, speak, write, solve problems and practice the life skills of time management, organization and risk-taking. Clark teaching staff, community members and school district staff act as advisers, evaluators during the research, project and presentation stages.
The key parts of the Senior Project are:
1) A research paper
A six to eight page persuasive research paper on a topic chosen by the students. The research paper strengthens effective writing skills learned in English class. Because the paper is persuasive, students should choose a topic about which they have a strong opinion. They should use elements learned when debating to convince the readers of the strong opinion stated in the paper, and prove it through research.
2) A physical product and fieldwork
A physical product and fieldwork (15-hour minimum requirement) related to some aspect of the paper. The 15 hours can be obtained through community service, job shadowing, or making an actual project. Students explore topics that are academic in nature, a hobby, a passion, or a possible future career.
3) Data collection
Data collection that combines the first two parts and records hours spent on the fieldwork. The collection contains evidence of the fieldwork presented through letters from the students’ advisors, pictures showing the process of the project or anything else that would show proof of the work completed.
4) Speech presentation
A fifteen minute speech presented before a review board composed of school staff, district representatives, former students, and community representatives. The speech is a chance to show the students’ senior project. Students are to dress professionally and summarize their senior project journey. Students will talk briefly about their research paper, their project, and what they learned. The speech should include visual aids. If the presentation includes performing, the students must speak for at least five minutes.
The Senior Project is a vehicle that allows students to use the knowledge and skills they have acquired in a “real-world” application. It has the potential to motivate the students, connect the school with the community, and create pathways from school to career.
1. What is the main purpose of the project?
A. To offer students chances to apply their learning to practice.
B. To strengthen students’ writing and speaking abilities.
C. To encourage students to carry on scientific research.
D. To help students find some part-time jobs.
2. The underlined part “A physical product and fieldwork” means _______.
A. the information gathered in communities
B. the discussion held in the classroom
C. the project done in a real situation
D. the research made in a laboratory
3. What must the students do when they present their final project?
A. Give a performance.
B. Make a formal speech.
C. Introduce some video aids.
D. Report the details of the process.
B
Masses of floating ice are so large that they dwarfs your ship, making you question whether your ship still can be spotted among such floating mountains. They are so improbable looking that you simply look in wonder. It seems that nothing that large could be natural— and then it strikes you that something so large could only be natural.
Now, people realize that as climate change is raising global temperatures, more icebergs are being born. Antarctica creates far more of them than Greenland, the source of bergs in Arctic waters. Antarctica’s are also much larger, sometimes reaching the size of small countries. Recent data show the average atmospheric temperature has increased about 4.5°F in the western Antarctic Peninsula since the 1940s, making the region, among the fastest warming on earth. This jump has been shown in the recent breaking of major ice shelves along the Antarctic Peninsula. As a result, thousands of new icebergs have broken off, from ice shelves into the Southern Ocean at an accelerated rate.
Even as more icebergs are being created, scientists are learning that these beauties are far from inactive masses of ice. In fact, they strikingly alter their environments biologically, chemically, and physically, making them islands of life in the open sea. Observers at sea had long remarked that they attract seals, and seabirds, and divers had noticed that fish are more numerous near them than in the surrounding sea. Now scientists are learning just what the attraction is all about.
Depending on their size, location, and the season, icebergs can be nurturers or destroyers. During their existence—typically years from breaking off from an Antarctic or Greenlandic glacier to their gradual melting as they float into lower altitudes, they support animals on, around, even inside their splendid ice castle. They fertilize the ocean with nutrients, increasing sea creature production. Grounded bergs can shelter areas of the seafloor, protecting bottom-living creatures from free-floating icebergs. However, large bergs can also trap sea ice, preventing its annual breakup and thus stopping phytoplankton(浮游植物)from getting life-giving sunlight, breaking the food chain at its first link. …
Icebergs will continue to astonish and attract visitors to the polar regions with their size and extraordinary beauty. But now these frozen masses are taking on a new dimension of wonder as we uncover their vital role in the environment of polar seas. No longer can we look at icebergs as mere passive beauties. They are active agents of change, each one an icy oasis with a wake of life as it floats on its unstoppable oceanic journey to melting.
4. Why does the author mention “dwarfs your ship” in the first paragraph?
A. To explain how natural icebergs are.
B. To show how powerful icebergs are.
C. To describe icebergs as floating ships.
D. To tell the unimaginable size of icebergs.
5. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The temperature in Arctic is rising faster than that in Antarctica.
B. The ocean food chain breaks due to the melting of icebergs.
C. Floating icebergs help shelter bottom-living ocean creatures.
D. Global warming has kept bringing icebergs into being.
6. From the passage we can conclude that icebergs can _____.
A. preserve ocean life B. carry ocean nutrients away
C. create a warm polar environment D. keep sea animals away from polar seas
7. What is the author’s attitude towards the icebergs?
A. Cautious. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.
Keys：
一. 1-5: ACBDB 6-10：CDDCB 11-15 ：DBAAC
二. 1-7 A C B D D A B
第2讲 Unit 1 Breaking records语法篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握主语定义及常用词；
掌握主语从句的运用；
利用所学语法知识书面表达；
主语定义及构成
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式，动名词，词组或句子等充当。
二. 分类讲解
名词做主语
1）The doctor looked over Mrs. Brown very carefully.
2）China does not want to copy the USA’s example.
3）A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.
4）The first truck is carrying a few baskets.
5）The temperature will stay above zero.
代词作主语
1）He is a teacher.
2）I don’t know if it will grow.
3）That’s a bit expensive.
4）You’d better buy a new pair.
5）I’m afraid we haven’t got any black shoes.
6) it作主语: 往往指代时间, 天气, 日期, 度量衡等; 或指代前面所提到的事物; 或未知的人等。例如：
a. Look at the house, it’s new.
b. It’s my fault.
c. It’s five o’clock.
d. It is raining heavily outside.
3. 数词做主语
1) One and two is three.
2) One is not enough for me. I want one more.
3) One of them is English.
4) Suddenly one of the bags fell off the truck.
5) Two will be enough.
4. 不定式作主语: 动词不定式表示比较具体的意义,经常和特定的动作和执行者联系起来,经常带时间或地点状语,有时表示将要发生的动作。
1) To master a foreign language is no easy job.
2) To do it well is my earnest desire.
3) To see this film is to waste time.
4) To solve this problem is out of the question.
**动词不定式作主语时,常见的另一种形式是在句首用先行代词it
作形式主语,而将动词不定式移到谓语之后作真正主语。用于这种形式是一些特定形容词,动词和名词。如：
1)形容词作表语(常见的形容词有：important, difficult, easy等)
It is foolish to act in this way.
2)动词作谓语(常见的动词有：require, cost, amuse等)
It didn’t occur to me to ask him to help me.
3) 名词作表语:
It is a good idea to think this way.
5. 动名词作主语
1) Being happy is better than being king.
2) Worrying never does anyone good.
3) Yaoming’s rejoining in the team makes the teammate excited.
(动名词作主语, 前面可加代词或名词的所有格做其逻辑主语。)
4) Collecting stamps is a good hobby.
5) Swimming is a best sport in summer.
（动名词表示比较抽象(一般)和经常性的意义,有时可同不定式互换。）
6）There is no telling what will happen.
7) There is no denying the fact.
8) There is no need informing him of it.?
9) 形容词作表语 (常见的形容词有：enjoyable, good, hard, worthwhile)
It is nice talking to you.
10) 名词作表语
It’s a waste of time doing this.
（在句首用先行代词it作形式主语面将动名词短语移至谓语之后作真实主语。）
**主语为动词不定式和动名词时, 其谓语常用单数形式。如：
To give is better than to receive.
It was difficult to see.
It’s best to wear cool clothes.
Playing is much better than having classes.
6. 词组作主语
1） Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
2） The rich should contribute more to the world welfare.
3） From 1990 till to 2003 is a long period of time.
4） From Beijing to Guangzhou is a long distance .
7. 从句作主语
1） That he will come here on Wednesday is certain.
2） Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.
** It作形式主语
a. It is no good/ no use/ useless doing sth.
例如：It is no use crying while the milk is split out.
b. It is +adj.+of /for sb. to do
例如：It is wise of him to carry out the plan of recycling the waste.
It is difficult for me to run 800 meters in 3minutes.
c. It is reported/known to all/ announced/ said...that从句
例如：It is reported that Liuxiang quited the competition because he got injured in the leg.
1. It worried her a bit? ____ her hair was turning grey.
A. while B. that C. if? D. for
2. _______ breaks the law will be punished.
A. Who B. Whoever C. No matter who D. Anyone
3. Tom’s?mother?kept?telling?him?that?he?mustn’t?smoke, but?____?didn’t?help.
A. he B. which C. it D. they
4. ______?you?don’t?like?him?is?none?of?my?business.?
A. What B. If C. That D. Whether
5. They?live?on?a?busy?main?road.?________?must?be?very?noisy.?
A. There ? B. It C. That D. They?
6. _______ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever
基础演练
A
指出下列句中主语或主语中心词
1. The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
2. There is an old man coming here.
3. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
4. To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
5. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.
6. We often speak English in class.
7. One-third of the students in this class are girls.
8. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
9. Smoking does harm to the health.
10. The rich should help the poor.
11. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
12. It is necessary to master a foreign language.
B
1. It never occurred to me ___ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
A．which B．what C．that D．if
2. It's obvious to the students ________they should get well prepared for their future.
A．as B．that C．which D．whether
3. ________some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plug by many others.
A．Whether B．What C．That D．How
4. It is uncertain ________side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A．that B．how C．what D．whether
5. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.
A. That…that you had expected B. What …that you had expected
C. That…what you had expected D . What…what you had expected
6. ________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.
A. If...do B. That...do C. If...does D. That...does
7. It ________ Bob drives badly.
A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that
8. It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.
A. if B. that C. whether D. how
9. ________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.
A. That B. What C. How D. Which
10. ____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.
A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what
11. ____ you don't like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
12. ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
13. _________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
A. That B. Why C. How D. Who
14. _______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.
A. When B. Why C. What D. That
15. ______he won't go there is clear to all of us.
A. How B. What C. Why D. This
巩固提高
一. 完成句子。
你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。
__________ you will win the medal seems unlikely.
她来不来都无关紧要。
___________ she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.
我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。
__________ is to serve the people.
他们什么时候来还不知道。
__________ hasn’t been made pubic.
众所周知,光沿直线传播。
__________ light travels in straight lines.
鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。
__________ the whale is not a fish.
他拒绝和你说话真是令人惊讶。
It was really astonishing that __________ .
没有赶上这趟火车没有关系，稍晚还有一趟。
It does not matter___________, because there is another later.
二. 单项选择。
1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever
2. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
3.When and why he came here ________ yet.
A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not known
4. ________ is no reason for dismissing her.
A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late
C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late
5.______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.
A. If B. Where C. That D. What
6.._______you come or not is up to you.
A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether
7._______makes mistakes must correct them.
A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody
8._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.
A. Which B. That C. If D. How
9.________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who
1. has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever
2. It was he said disappointed me.
A. what ; that B. that; that C. what; what D. that; what
3. we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
4. he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.
A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter
5. was to return to school.
A. That really interested him B. What really interested him
C. Which really interested him D. That interest him really
6. ___ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.
A. That B. Why C. What D. How
7. ___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
8.___ is known to us all that America is a developed country .
A. Which B. as C. What D. It
9. What I say ___ none of your business.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
10. It’s known to us all ___ a form of energy .
A. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to
11. _________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
A. That B. Why C. How D. Who
12. _______ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.
A. When B. Why C. What D. That
13. _______ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.
A. If B. Where C. That D. What
14. _______ he won't go there is clear to all of us.
A. How B. What C. Why D. This
15. _______ you come or not is up to you.
A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether
16. _______ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody
17. _______ team will win the match is a matter of public concern.
A. Which B. That C. If D. How
18. The problem is ________will go to the meeting.
A. why B. when C. what D. who
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Brain Drain
Imagine you are sitting in your living room and out of surprise you get a call from a friend. He tells you that he's gotten the student visa and is going to study abroad for higher education. His parents may feel it appropriate that their son is guaranteed to have a blight future and unbelievable job opportunities.??1 ??While many people believe that immigration is a personal choice that must be understood and respected, others have realized a serious problem—brain drain. Brain drain refers to the flow of highly skilled and educated people, such as doctors, engineers, scientists from less developed countries to developed countries.
Brain drain has become a common social problem.?2 ?These reasons are “Push” factors(因素)and “Pull” factors. The push factors include low wages and lack of satisfactory working and living conditions, and so on. The pull factors, however, include higher pay and better working conditions, better job opportunities, as well as better research equipment.
As we can see, many educated people are heading for richer countries，seeking higher wages and better working conditions.?_ 3 ? It reduces the number of creative people who can contribute to the development of their country. Meanwhile, with more successful businessmen taking their money abroad, their countries are missing an opportunity of wealth creation.??4 ? Besides these economic effects, the brain drain has also social negative effects, such as the loss of improvement in research and technique.
Therefore measures must be taken in less developed countries to avoid brain drain.??5? ?Social developments like health services and education opportunities also need improving. Otherwise, less developed countries will face an uncertain future.
A. Even you may start to admire his plans,
B. This also reduces government tax income.
C. Why should their motivations be seriously considered?
D. This of course has serious negative effects on their own countries.
E. ?There should be more job opportunities for highly educated people.
F. ?So it is important to find out the proper reasons behind the brain drain.
G. Most of the measures taken so far have not reduced the effects of brain drain.
二. 完型填空(2014东城二模)
When I was thirteen, one day my mom told my family that she had to tell us something. So my dad, my brother and I all sat down on the sofa to begin in the discussion. You could feel the 1 atmosphere of the room. It was 2 that something was wrong. Then my mom told us that she had been diagnosed（诊断）with a very serious disease. That was when we all had a moment of 3 and cried.
After that my mom started the 4 and had to travel to the hospital every day. After a week, she began to lose her 5 and so shaved it all off. My mom would always wear bright-colored scarves and after a while 6 to buy a wig (假发). Along with losing her hair she lost all her nails.
7 , I had never seen a desperate look in my mom’s eyes. I remember one day I went with my mom to the hospital. When we were 8 for her to receive the treatment, We kept telling jokes. We both burst out 9 from time to time. Everyone in the waiting room was so 10 , while we were in the middle of the room, chatting 11 . Neither of us eared 12 people thought of us.
After about a year of treatment, and all the 13 .one day my mom said she wanted to tell us something important. As my mom was about to speak, a smile 14 on her face. At that moment I knew that it was going to be something very 15 . She told us that she had recovered! At that moment I 16 down in tears. They were tears of joy. At that moment for the first time in a very long time I had a feeling that everything was going to be 17 .
Now two years has passed and my mom is 18 of the disease. I am so happy that I have my mom with the very step of the way. My mom 19 me to value every moment in my life and to remain 20 through thick or thin. She has taught me so much and continues to teach me more.
1. A. tense B. calm C. friendly D. cold
2. A. necessary B. common C. obvious D. strange
3. A. regret B. anger C. sorrow D. hesitation
4. A. appointment B. treatment C. operation D. observation
5. A. hair B. weight C. energy D. hope
6. A. liked B. offered C. decided D. afforded
7. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Finally
8. A. arranging B. waiting C. wishing D. preparing
9. A. crying B. quarreling C. talking D. laughing
10. A. down B. over C. out D. off
11. A. nervously B. curiously C. happily D. gently
12. A. why B. when C. where D. what
13. A. pain B. failure C. advice D. love
14. A. turned B. formed C. changed D. burst
15. A. attractive B. active C. exciting D. amusing
16. A. came B. looked C. bent D. broke
17. A. fair B. clear C. ready D. line
18. A. free B. afraid C. aware D. sure
19. A. asked B. taught C. persuaded D. admitted
20. A. determined B. modest C. independent D. positive
三. 书面表达 (2014东城二模)
第一节
你的美国笔友Chris帮你买到了史蒂夫乔布斯的纪念邮票并随信寄来，请你根据以下提示给他回信。
非常喜欢，表示感谢；
回赠三张马年邮票；
中国邮票展暑期在北京举办，邀请他参加。
Dear Chris，
Yours
Joe
第二节
假设你是红星中学高二（1）班的学生李华，下面四幅图描述了你和父母去西安自助旅游的经过，请根据图片的先后顺序，给校刊“英语园地”投稿。词数不少于60。
第2讲 Unit 1 Breaking records语法篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握主语定义及常用词；
掌握主语从句的运用；
利用所学语法知识书面表达；
主语定义及构成
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式，动名词，词组或句子等充当。
二. 分类讲解
名词做主语
1）The doctor looked over Mrs. Brown very carefully.
2）China does not want to copy the USA’s example.
3）A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.
4）The first truck is carrying a few baskets.
5）The temperature will stay above zero.
代词作主语
1）He is a teacher.
2）I don’t know if it will grow.
3）That’s a bit expensive.
4）You’d better buy a new pair.
5）I’m afraid we haven’t got any black shoes.
6) it作主语: 往往指代时间, 天气, 日期, 度量衡等; 或指代前面所提到的事物; 或未知的人等。例如：
a. Look at the house, it’s new.
b. It’s my fault.
c. It’s five o’clock.
d. It is raining heavily outside.
3. 数词做主语
1) One and two is three.
2) One is not enough for me. I want one more.
3) One of them is English.
4) Suddenly one of the bags fell off the truck.
5) Two will be enough.
4. 不定式作主语: 动词不定式表示比较具体的意义,经常和特定的动作和执行者联系起来,经常带时间或地点状语,有时表示将要发生的动作。
1) To master a foreign language is no easy job.
2) To do it well is my earnest desire.
3) To see this film is to waste time.
4) To solve this problem is out of the question.
**动词不定式作主语时,常见的另一种形式是在句首用先行代词it
作形式主语,而将动词不定式移到谓语之后作真正主语。用于这种形式是一些特定形容词,动词和名词。如：
1)形容词作表语(常见的形容词有：important, difficult, easy等)
It is foolish to act in this way.
2)动词作谓语(常见的动词有：require, cost, amuse等)
It didn’t occur to me to ask him to help me.
3) 名词作表语:
It is a good idea to think this way.
5. 动名词作主语
1) Being happy is better than being king.
2) Worrying never does anyone good.
3) Yaoming’s rejoining in the team makes the teammate excited.
(动名词作主语, 前面可加代词或名词的所有格做其逻辑主语。)
4) Collecting stamps is a good hobby.
5) Swimming is a best sport in summer.
（动名词表示比较抽象(一般)和经常性的意义,有时可同不定式互换。）
6）There is no telling what will happen.
7) There is no denying the fact.
8) There is no need informing him of it.?
9) 形容词作表语 (常见的形容词有：enjoyable, good, hard, worthwhile)
It is nice talking to you.
10) 名词作表语
It’s a waste of time doing this.
（在句首用先行代词it作形式主语面将动名词短语移至谓语之后作真实主语。）
**主语为动词不定式和动名词时, 其谓语常用单数形式。如：
To give is better than to receive.
It was difficult to see.
It’s best to wear cool clothes.
Playing is much better than having classes.
6. 词组作主语
1） Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
2） The rich should contribute more to the world welfare.
3） From 1990 till to 2003 is a long period of time.
4） From Beijing to Guangzhou is a long distance .
7. 从句作主语
1） That he will come here on Wednesday is certain.
2） Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.
** It作形式主语
a. It is no good/ no use/ useless doing sth.
例如：It is no use crying while the milk is split out.
b. It is +adj.+of /for sb. to do
例如：It is wise of him to carry out the plan of recycling the waste.
It is difficult for me to run 800 meters in 3minutes.
c. It is reported/known to all/ announced/ said...that从句
例如：It is reported that Liuxiang quited the competition because he got injured in the leg.
1. It worried her a bit? ____ her hair was turning grey.
A. while B. that C. if? D. for
解析： 分析题干，it是形式主语，从句句意完整只用that起引导作用是真正的主语。
答案：B。
2. _______ breaks the law will be punished.
A. Who B. Whoever C. No matter who D. Anyone
解析： 分析题干及选项，句子主语为“_______ breaks the law”，从而判断C、D不对；who指固定“谁（人）”，因此选B。
答案：B。
3. Tom’s?mother?kept?telling?him?that?he?mustn’t?smoke, but?____?didn’t?help.
A. he B. which C. it D. they
解析： 分析题干，含有but的并列句缺少主语，而且可以代替前面整句话内容，用it。
答案：C。
4. ______?you?don’t?like?him?is?none?of?my?business.?
A. What B. If C. That D. Whether
解析： 分析题干，主语为“______?you?don’t?like?him”，从句句意完整，排除A；根据句意选C。
答案：C。
5. They?live?on?a?busy?main?road.?________?must?be?very?noisy.?
A. There ? B. It C. That D. They?
解析：根据句意，it代替上句中main road作主语。
答案：B。
6. _______ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever
解析：分析题干及选项，句子主语为“_______ has helped to save the drowning girl”，从而判断B、C不对；who指固定“谁（人）”，因此选D。
答案：D。
基础演练
A
指出下列句中主语或主语中心词
1. The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
2. There is an old man coming here.
3. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
4. To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
5. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.
6. We often speak English in class.
7. One-third of the students in this class are girls.
8. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
9. Smoking does harm to the health.
10. The rich should help the poor.
11. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
12. It is necessary to master a foreign language.
Keys：
1. teacher 2. man 3. dictionary 4. To do 5. music 6. We 7. One-third of the students 8. To swim 9. Smoking 10. The rich 11. When we are going to have an English text 12. It (to master a foreign language)
B
1. It never occurred to me ___ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
A．which B．what C．that D．if
2. It's obvious to the students ________they should get well prepared for their future.
A．as B．that C．which D．whether
3. ________some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plug by many others.
A．Whether B．What C．That D．How
4. It is uncertain ________side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A．that B．how C．what D．whether
5. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.
A. That…that you had expected B. What …that you had expected
C. That…what you had expected D . What…what you had expected
6. ________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.
A. If...do B. That...do C. If...does D. That...does
7. It ________ Bob drives badly.
A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that
8. It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.
A. if B. that C. whether D. how
9. ________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.
A. That B. What C. How D. Which
10. ____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.
A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what
11. ____ you don't like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
12. ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
13. _________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
A. That B. Why C. How D. Who
14. _______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.
A. When B. Why C. What D. That
15. ______he won't go there is clear to all of us.
A. How B. What C. Why D. This
Keys：
1-5 CBBAD 6-10 DDCAA 11-15 CBDAC
巩固提高
一. 完成句子。
你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。
__________ you will win the medal seems unlikely.
她来不来都无关紧要。
___________ she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.
我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。
__________ is to serve the people.
他们什么时候来还不知道。
__________ hasn’t been made pubic.
众所周知,光沿直线传播。
__________ light travels in straight lines.
鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。
__________ the whale is not a fish.
他拒绝和你说话真是令人惊讶。
It was really astonishing that __________ .
没有赶上这趟火车没有关系，稍晚还有一趟。
It does not matter___________, because there is another later.
二. 单项选择。
1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever
2. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
3.When and why he came here ________ yet.
A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not known
4. ________ is no reason for dismissing her.
A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late
C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late
5.______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.
A. If B. Where C. That D. What
6.._______you come or not is up to you.
A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether
7._______makes mistakes must correct them.
A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody
8._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.
A. Which B. That C. If D. How
9.________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who
Keys：
一. 1 That 2. Whether 3. Whatever we do 4. When they will come
5. It is known to all that 6. It is common knowledge that 7. he refused to talk to you
8. if I missed my train
二. 1-9 CBACBDCAC
1. has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever
2. It was he said disappointed me.
A. what ; that B. that; that C. what; what D. that; what
3. we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
4. he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.
A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter
5. was to return to school.
A. That really interested him B. What really interested him
C. Which really interested him D. That interest him really
6. ___ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.
A. That B. Why C. What D. How
7. ___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
8.___ is known to us all that America is a developed country .
A. Which B. as C. What D. It
9. What I say ___ none of your business.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
10. It’s known to us all ___ a form of energy .
A. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to
11. _________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
A. That B. Why C. How D. Who
12. _______ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.
A. When B. Why C. What D. That
13. _______ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.
A. If B. Where C. That D. What
14. _______ he won't go there is clear to all of us.
A. How B. What C. Why D. This
15. _______ you come or not is up to you.
A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether
16. _______ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody
17. _______ team will win the match is a matter of public concern.
A. Which B. That C. If D. How
18. The problem is ________will go to the meeting.
A. why B. when C. what D. who
Keys:
1-5 DABAB 6-10 ABDAB 11-15 DABCD 16-18 CDA
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Brain Drain
Imagine you are sitting in your living room and out of surprise you get a call from a friend. He tells you that he's gotten the student visa and is going to study abroad for higher education. His parents may feel it appropriate that their son is guaranteed to have a blight future and unbelievable job opportunities.??1 ??While many people believe that immigration is a personal choice that must be understood and respected, others have realized a serious problem—brain drain. Brain drain refers to the flow of highly skilled and educated people, such as doctors, engineers, scientists from less developed countries to developed countries.
Brain drain has become a common social problem.?2 ?These reasons are “Push” factors(因素)and “Pull” factors. The push factors include low wages and lack of satisfactory working and living conditions, and so on. The pull factors, however, include higher pay and better working conditions, better job opportunities, as well as better research equipment.
As we can see, many educated people are heading for richer countries，seeking higher wages and better working conditions.?_ 3 ? It reduces the number of creative people who can contribute to the development of their country. Meanwhile, with more successful businessmen taking their money abroad, their countries are missing an opportunity of wealth creation.??4 ? Besides these economic effects, the brain drain has also social negative effects, such as the loss of improvement in research and technique.
Therefore measures must be taken in less developed countries to avoid brain drain.??5? ?Social developments like health services and education opportunities also need improving. Otherwise, less developed countries will face an uncertain future.
A. Even you may start to admire his plans,
B. This also reduces government tax income.
C. Why should their motivations be seriously considered?
D. This of course has serious negative effects on their own countries.
E. ?There should be more job opportunities for highly educated people.
F. ?So it is important to find out the proper reasons behind the brain drain.
G. Most of the measures taken so far have not reduced the effects of brain drain.
二. 完型填空(2014东城二模)
When I was thirteen, one day my mom told my family that she had to tell us something. So my dad, my brother and I all sat down on the sofa to begin in the discussion. You could feel the 1 atmosphere of the room. It was 2 that something was wrong. Then my mom told us that she had been diagnosed（诊断）with a very serious disease. That was when we all had a moment of 3 and cried.
After that my mom started the 4 and had to travel to the hospital every day. After a week, she began to lose her 5 and so shaved it all off. My mom would always wear bright-colored scarves and after a while 6 to buy a wig (假发). Along with losing her hair she lost all her nails.
7 , I had never seen a desperate look in my mom’s eyes. I remember one day I went with my mom to the hospital. When we were 8 for her to receive the treatment, We kept telling jokes. We both burst out 9 from time to time. Everyone in the waiting room was so 10 , while we were in the middle of the room, chatting 11 . Neither of us eared 12 people thought of us.
After about a year of treatment, and all the 13 .one day my mom said she wanted to tell us something important. As my mom was about to speak, a smile 14 on her face. At that moment I knew that it was going to be something very 15 . She told us that she had recovered! At that moment I 16 down in tears. They were tears of joy. At that moment for the first time in a very long time I had a feeling that everything was going to be 17 .
Now two years has passed and my mom is 18 of the disease. I am so happy that I have my mom with the very step of the way. My mom 19 me to value every moment in my life and to remain 20 through thick or thin. She has taught me so much and continues to teach me more.
1. A. tense B. calm C. friendly D. cold
2. A. necessary B. common C. obvious D. strange
3. A. regret B. anger C. sorrow D. hesitation
4. A. appointment B. treatment C. operation D. observation
5. A. hair B. weight C. energy D. hope
6. A. liked B. offered C. decided D. afforded
7. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Finally
8. A. arranging B. waiting C. wishing D. preparing
9. A. crying B. quarreling C. talking D. laughing
10. A. down B. over C. out D. off
11. A. nervously B. curiously C. happily D. gently
12. A. why B. when C. where D. what
13. A. pain B. failure C. advice D. love
14. A. turned B. formed C. changed D. burst
15. A. attractive B. active C. exciting D. amusing
16. A. came B. looked C. bent D. broke
17. A. fair B. clear C. ready D. line
18. A. free B. afraid C. aware D. sure
19. A. asked B. taught C. persuaded D. admitted
20. A. determined B. modest C. independent D. positive
三. 书面表达 (2014东城二模)
第一节
你的美国笔友Chris帮你买到了史蒂夫乔布斯的纪念邮票并随信寄来，请你根据以下提示给他回信。
非常喜欢，表示感谢；
回赠三张马年邮票；
中国邮票展暑期在北京举办，邀请他参加。
Dear Chris，
Yours
Joe
第二节
假设你是红星中学高二（1）班的学生李华，下面四幅图描述了你和父母去西安自助旅游的经过，请根据图片的先后顺序，给校刊“英语园地”投稿。词数不少于60。
Keys:
一. AFDBE
二. 1-5 ACCBA 6-10 CBBDA 11-15 CDABC 16-20 DDABD
书面表达：
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Chris，
Thank you for the stamps of Steve Jobs! I like them very much. It’s so nice to have a pen-friend who shares the same interest with me! I’m sending you three Year of the Horse stamps, Hope you’ll like them.
By the way, an exhibition of Chinese stamps will be held in Beijing this summer. Would you like to come and visit it with me? I’m sure we’ll find a lot of fun there!
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Joe
第二节
One possible version:
My parents and I made a tour to Xian during the holiday. Instead of having a travel agency arrange our accommodation, we booked the train tickets and hotel room on the Internet by ourselves. During our tour in Xian, we went to many places of interest, took lots of pictures, and learned about the history of Xian. No tourist will miss the local food in Xian, nor will we. We enjoyed typical local foods, which tasted nice. After I returned, I couldn’t wait to share the photos and experiences with my classmates. The trip to Xian has become a happy memory to me.
