Unit 3 Australia 词汇篇
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掌握单元词汇与句型。
熟练运用词汇，掌握高考高频词。
一. 词汇
1. associate n. 同伴,伙伴 v. 联合,联想 a. 副的
1). She associated happiness with having money.
她把幸福和有钱联想到一起。
2). I got a new job and a new set of work associations.
我有了新工作和一班新同事。
3). I don't want to associate myself with them any more.
我不愿再和他们交往了。
4). I have never associated myself with political extremism.
我从来不赞同政治上的极端主义。
5). I don't like you associating with such people.
我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起。
6). Associate members do not have the right to vote.
准会员没有选举权。
7). I always associate him with fast cars.
我总是由他联想到高速汽车。
8). You wouldn't normally associate these two writers their styles are completely different.
通常不会把这两位作家相提并论--他们两人的风格完全不同。
2. toleratev. 忍受,容忍,容许,宽恕 vt. 容忍,忍受,容许
1). The body cannot tolerate such large amounts of radiation.
身体经不住那么大剂量的放射线。
2). How can you tolerate that awful woman?
你怎么能忍得了那可恶的女人?
3). She almost can tolerate any kind of torrid days.
她几乎能忍受各种酷热的天气。
4). She's not a woman to tolerate being played with.
她不是一个能容忍别人玩弄的女子。
5). He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert.
他忍受不住沙漠的酷热。
3. correspondv. 符合,通信,相当
1). The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.
美国的国会相当于英国的议会。
2). The written record of our conversation doesn't correspond with (ie is different from) what was actually said.
对我们交谈所作的文字记录与我们的原话不符。
3). Your account and hers correspond.
你的说法跟她的说法一致。
4). Does the name on the envelope correspond with the name on the letter inside?
信封上的名字与里面信上的名字是否相同?
5). Your account of events corresponds with hers.
你说的情况跟她说的相符。
6). We've corresponded (with each other) (ie written to each other) for years but I've never actually met him.
我们已（互相）通信多年了, 可是我从未见过他本人。
4. correspond with 和...通信
1). Are you still corresponding with your parents?
你一直在和你父母通信吗?
2). I corresponded with him about his business prospects.
我与他通信有关他的生意前途问题。
3). Does the name on the envelope correspond with the name on the letter inside?
信封上的名字与里面信上的名字是否相同?
4). I have corresponded with him for some years, but I have never met him in the flesh.
我已和他通信联系好几年了，但一直未与他本人见过面。
5). The written record of our conversation doesn't correspond with (ie is different from) what was actually said.
对我们交谈所作的文字记录与我们的原话不符。
5. owe v. 欠 vi. 欠钱 vt. 欠(债等),归功于,应感谢
1). I owe a lot to my wife and children.
我很感激我的妻子和孩子。
2). He owes his success more to luck than to ability.
他认为他的成功是靠运气而不是因为自己有能力。
3). We owe this discovery to Newton.
我们的这一发现归功于牛顿。
4). I owe my teachers and parents a great deal.
我深深感激师长与父母。
5). He still owes (us) for the goods he received last month.
他上月收到货物, 现在还欠着（我们）款呢。
6). He owes 50 to his father.
他欠他父亲50英镑。
7). He owes (his father) 50.
他欠（他父亲）50英镑。
8). I owe you one.
我欠你一个人情。
6. shrink n. 收缩,萎缩 v. 收缩,退缩,萎缩
1). He had a tendency to shrink up whenever attention was focused on him.
当别人注意他时，他就会退缩一旁。
2). Will this woolen sweater shrink when washed?
这件羊毛衫洗后会缩水吗？
3). The economy is shrinking instead of growing.
经济正在萎缩而不是在增长中。
4). As he moved threateningly forward she shrank (back) from him.
他步步逼近, 把她吓得直（向后）退缩。
5). She's no shrinking violet always ready to speak up for herself.
她可不胆小--任何场合都能为自己说话。
6). Car sales have been shrinking (ie Fewer have been sold) recently.
汽车销量近来一直在下降。
7). Will this shirt shrink in the wash?
这件衬衫洗后缩水吗?
8). The dough shrank slowly in the cold air.
面团在冷空气中慢慢收缩了。
7. wind n. 风,气味,卷 v. 上发条,缠绕,蜿蜒
1). The river winds to the sea.
那条河蜿蜒地流入大海。
2). The deer winded the stalkers.
那只鹿嗅出了偷偷接近的猎人。
3). The wind blew my hat off.
风吹落了我的帽子。
4). If we all agree, let's wind up the discussion.
要是大家都同意的话，咱们这次讨论就到此结束。
5). A gust of wind blew my hat off.
一阵大风吹走了我的帽子。
6). She goes like the wind on her new bicycle.
她飞快地骑着新自行车。
7). I always said he would wind up in jail.
我常说他到头来非进监狱不可。
8). Before I wind up, there are two more things to be said.
在我结束讲话之前，还有两件事要说。
8. paralyze v. 使...瘫痪,使...麻痹
1). The electricity failure paralyzed the water supply.
停电使水供应陷于瘫痪。
2). The accident left her paralyzed in both legs.
事故后她的腰部以下瘫痪了。
3). She is paralyzed in both arms.
她的两只胳膊麻痹。
4). Strict regulations that paralyze economic activity.
阻碍经济活动的严格的规章制度。
9. recover v. 恢复,复原,补偿
1). The police recovered the stolen jewelry.
警察找回了被盗的珠宝。
2). He is very ill and unlikely to recover.
他病得非常厉害，不大可能恢复健康了。
3). He's now fully recovered from his stroke.
他现已从中风病完全康复了。
4). The murderer never recovered his peace of mind.
这个杀人凶手心里再也没平静过。
5). She recovered herself/her composure and smiled.
她恢复了常态[镇静], 笑了笑。
6). The skater quickly recovered his balance.
那个滑冰的人很快恢复了平衡。
7). We recovered lost time by setting out early.
我们提前出发从而把损失的时间补了回来。
8). They sought to recover damages, costs, expenses, etc from the firm.
他们设法向那家公司索取损害赔偿金、 用费、 费用等。
10. snatch n. 抢夺,碎片,一阵 v. 夺取,想抢走,侥幸获得
1). The hawk snatched the chicken and flew away.
老鹰抓住小鸡飞走了。
2). He snatched up his gun and fired.
他突然拿起枪来射击。
3). The baby had been snatched from its pram.
那婴儿被人从婴儿车中劫走了。
4). It's rude to snatch.
你争我夺是粗鲁的行为。
5). She snatched the letter from me/out of my hand.
她从我这里从我手中把信抢走了。
二. 长难句理解
Australia is home to more than 170 different kinds of snake and 115 of these are poisonous．
澳洲是超过 170只不同类型的蛇的家园，其中115种是毒蛇。
句中home意思是native habitat: the place where an animal is most common or indigenous。
例如 ：
It is home to the grizzly bear.
下面是一些由home构成的短语和句子：
at home， be close to home， be nothing much to write home about，
bring something home (to someone)， Charity begins at home. Chickens come home to roost. drive/hammer something home, eat someone out of house and home, hit a home run,
hit/strike home, a home away from home,
Australia has more kinds of venomous snake than any other country in theworld．However，the majority have no effect on humans or cause only mild sickness．
澳洲毒蛇的类型超过全球任何其他国家。然而多数毒蛇对人类没有影响或者只能导致一些小毛病。第一句句号前可以加一个does。第二句中majority作主语，看作复数。 有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。
例如：A number of +名词复数+复数动词。The number of +名词复数+单数动词。
A number of books have lent out.
The majority of the students like English.
However，although they look dangerous because of their wide mouths and sharp teeth, all but two or three kinds are harmless to humans．
然而，虽然他们因为宽嘴和利齿看起来危险，但是除了两三种以外几乎都对人无害。
句中but意思是except，used to indicate the exception to a statement just made。
短语拓展：nothing but 只有，只不过； anything but 根本不，一点也不； last but one 倒数第二； but for 要不是、、、、、、
例如：
He could do nothing but stand and watch her leave.
There was nothing but a lump of moldy bread in the drawer.
We should have gone for a spring outing but for the bad weather.
4. There are no more than a handful of shark attacks each year and only three deaths have been reported in the last five years．
每年只会发生七八起鲨鱼对人的攻击，而过去五年只有三次死亡报告。
句中a handful of是一种量词用法，
类似的例子还有：a drove of horses(一群马)， a flock of goats(一群山羊)， a herd of elephants(一群大象)， a pack of wolves(一群狼)， a pride of lion(一群狮子)， a skulk of foxes(一群狐狸)。
5. Treatments for jellyfish stings and snakebites have also been developed and in the last five years there have been only three deaths from jellyfish stings and about the same number from snakebites．
已经研制出针对水母蛰伤和毒蛇咬伤的治疗办法，过去五年，因为水母伤和毒蛇咬伤致死的个案例。
句中There be句型是一种复杂时态用法。
例如：
There is going to be a meeting tonight.
今有个会议。
There was a knock at the door.
有人敲门。
There has been a girl waiting for you.
有个女孩一直在等你。
There will be rain soon.
不久天就要下雨了。
三. 长难句分析
1. Australia is not the only country that is also a continent.
澳大利亚是唯一一个既是国家又是大陆的国家。
that 引导定语从句。关系代词中只用that的情况：
先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last等修饰时。
He is the only person I want to talk to.
先行词被all， every， any， few， little， no修饰时。
I have read all the book that you gave me.
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
先行词是不定代词时。
All that we have to do is to practice every day.
先行词兼指人和物时。
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.
主语是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Who is the person that is standing at the door?
2. It is a mainly dry country with only a few coastal areas that have adequate rainfall to support a large population.
这是一个以干旱为主的国家，只有少部分沿海地区有充足的雨量，可以维持大量人口的生存。
例句：
Fifty thousand dollars would be adequate for this trip.
五万美元应该足够（维持）这次旅行。
He is perfectly adequate for his new job.
他完全能胜任他的新工作。
Los Angeles has a population of over 4 million.
洛杉矶人口有400多万。
California has a large Spanish-speaking population.
加利福尼亚说西班牙语的人口众多。
What is the population of Canada？
加拿大的人口是多少？
On 26 January, Australia Day, in over 200 locations across the nation, morn than 9,000 people will become Australian citizens.
1月26日是澳大利亚日，全国200多个地方的9,000多人将成为澳大利亚公民。
morn than +数词，相当于over+数词，表示“、、、、、、以上；多于、、、、、、”。
I have been friend with David for more than 20 years.
more than +名词，表示“不只，不仅仅，超过，不同于”。
Modern science is more than a large amount of information.
more than + 形容词或副词，表示“非常，十分，很”。
I’m more than happy to hear this.
more than 或more …than …+ 含“can / could”的从句时表示否定意义，意为“不能、、、、、、”。
That’s more than I can do.
more than one…意为“不只一个、、、、、、”，当more than one…结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
More than one student has seen it.
It is also possible to climb the rock, but most people don’t do this out of respect for the Aboriginal people who consider the rock to be sacred.
要爬上这块巨石也是可能的，但大多数人们出狱对土著人的尊敬而不这样做，因为土著人认为这块岩石是神圣的。
句中it为形式主语。
例句：
It is necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.
年轻人有必要掌握两门外语。
It is uncertain whether he can come to my birthday party or not.
他是否能参加我的生日派对还不确定。
It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match.
真遗憾，你错过了这场激动人心的足球赛。
It seemed that he didn’t tell the truth.
他好像没有说出事实。
It’s no use arguing about the matter with him.
和他争论这个问题没有用。
I first considered writing to her, but then decided to see her.
我开始想写信给她，但后来决定去看她。
I consider her to have done wonderfully in the final exam.
我认为她在期中考试中表现得非常出色。
Take everything into consideration, the event was a great success.
总的说来，这项活动是非常成功的。
________with the traffic accident, he was told not to leave the city within a month.
A Associating B Being associated C Associated D Having associated
（2015安徽江淮十校联考）I am sure you will pass the exam because you are_______ prepared for that.
A approximately B absolutely C adequately D confidently
(2015安徽蚌埠月考) It took ________ building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses. It took brain, too.
A other than B more than C rather than D less than
（2015山东师大附中一模）His favorite food is fried snacks and soft drinks. _________ is no surprise that losing weight is just his dream.
A Here B It C As D What
（2015四川雅安月考）---Have you considered _________ the job as a teacher?
---Yes. I like it because a teacher is often considered ________ a gardener.
A to take; to be B to take; being C taking; being D taking; to be
6. (2015江苏常州调研) Sandy couldn’t do nothing but______ to his teacher that he was wrong.
A to admit B admitted C admit D admitting
基础演练
根据汉语或首字母提示填空
1. These _________ (热带的) flowers have bright colors.
2. The new ________(时刻表) will come into effect next month.
3. I’ve made a _________(预定) for you on the morning flight.
4. Greece was the c________ of Western civilization.
5. Ukraine is strong both in industry and a________.
6. He started to study __________(生态学) and decided to devote his whole life to the science.
7. He can not t_________ the extremes of heat in the desert.
8. What is the Labor Party’s _________(政策) on immigration?
9. He’s having a party in c________ of his 84th birthday.
10. He came to miss his h_________ when he settled down abroad.
11. He still ______ (欠) us $ 90 for the goods he received last month.
12. I had no money left and was ________(绝望的).
13. Do you think this dress will s________ if I handwash it?
14. His father was __________(瘫痪) by a stroke.
15. He ______(夺走）the knife from the burglar.
16. He has now fully r________ from his stroke.
17. She asked me to w_______ the wool for her.
巩固提高
完成句子
1. 他们拿起武器保卫祖国。
They took up arms ________ _________ _________ their country.
2. 她这么做是出于对老师的尊敬。
She did it _______ ________ ________for her teacher.
3. 动物的身体是由细胞组成的。
Animal bodies _______ ______ _______ ________ cells.
4. 我们很自然地把达尔文这个名字与进化论联系在一起。
We naturally ______ the name of Darwin _______ the doctrine of evolution.
5. 我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够了。
I’m sure her knowledge of English _______ _______ ______ the job.
6. 这个国家的人口是多少？
_________ is the population of this country?
7. 我认为自己是幸运的。
I ______ myself _________ ________ lucky.
8. 不要放弃努力，你就会实现自己的目标。
Don’t give up trying _______ you will achieve your goals.
9. 我希望昨天遇到那个电影明星。
I wish that I _______ _______ that film star yesterday.
10. 为了安全起见，在市内开车时速不超过30千米。
For safety’s sake, don’t drive _______ _______ 30 kilometers per hour in the city.
一. 单项选择
1. --- Is Mr. Fan there? There is something I really need to talk to him about.
???--- No, he is out. _____?
??? A. What’s that?? ? B. What do you want to say
??? C. Can I take a message for him D. Can you trust me???
2. One spring, when I was _____ energetic young postgraduate, _____ undergraduate asked if she could work on a summer project with me. I accepted.
A. an; an?????? ? B. a; an???????? ? C. an; the???????? D. the; the
3. She said she was in great need of such a table and asked me how much _____ table would cost.
??? A. such a beautiful wooden round B. one such beautiful round wooden???
??? C. one such round beautiful wooden D. such a round beautiful wooden???
4. You should take _____ of this opportunity and try to make a good impression on them.
??? A. care?? ? ? ? B. advantage??????? C. charge?? ? ?? D. place
5. --- Thank you ever so much for your help. --- _____.
??????A. Glad to hear that??? B. Not worth thanking C. Think nothing of it????D. You’re too polite
?6. It’s said that there are plenty of hotels in that town. There _____ be any difficulty for you to find one to stay in. ?
A. mustn’t?? ? ??????????? ??B. oughtn’t????? C. shouldn’t?? ???????????? ??D. needn’t
?7. His grandfather was among the first to settle in _____ is now a famous holiday center.
??? A. what?? ? ???? ? B. which???????? C. where?? ? ?? D. that
8. She told me she hadn’t enjoyed the film, but I decided to go and see it _____.
??? A. after all????? ??????? ? B. in all??? C. all the same???????????? D. above all???
9. He called her names, so she won’t forgive him _____ he makes an apology to her.
????A. although???? ????? B. once?????? C. if???????????? D. unless
10. His sudden look of fear made _____ clear that he had something to do with the matter.
?? ?A. him??????????? ? B. this???? ? C. it??????? ? D. that
11. --- Is Tom still smoking?
??? --- No. By next Saturday he _____ for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette.
?? ?A. will go????? ????????? ? B. will have gone? C. goes???????? ????????? ?D. has been going???
12. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _____ the cloth _____ well.
? A. have told; washes ?B. have been told; washes
C. was told; washed ?D. have been told; is washed
13. Today, when I think of my friend, I remember the way her face _____ when she saw the picture of a handsome fellow.
???? A. cheered up????????????? B. shone up??? ? C. stood up???? ???????? ? D. lit up
?14. I couldn’t help but wonder how country life would change the funny, lazy Tom who had once put up a notice on the wall above his bed that _____, WAKE FOR FOOD.
??? A. showed???? ? ? ? B. wrote??? ???? C. spoke????? ?? ? D. said
15. --- She joined a football team last fall and was recently made captain.
??? --- Never _____ she’d ever have that much energy.
A. I had thought? B. I would have thought???
C. could I have thought D. will I have thought
16. Most of that country’s external debt is ______ private banks.
A. owed to B. owing to C. owed for D. owing for
17. He _______ himself ______ Mr. Gray in the company.
A. connected; to B. associated; with C. associated; to D. connected; by
18. Canada is a big _______ and the Chinese _______ is a great people.
A. nation; country B. country; country C. country; nation D. nation; nation
19. The boy talked his mother ________ buying him a home computer.
A. of B. over C. to D. into
20. He was seriously hurt after that accident, but now he was recovered from it. Which of the following can take the place of the underlined word?
A. taken up B. taken out C. picked up D. picked out
二. 阅读理解
Australia －a huge island continent that lies to the south of Asia. Australia－more than two hundred years old, a nation that is still growing.
Its big cities lie on the southeast coast, this is where most Australians live. Australians prefer to own their own houses, though some live in apartments. Australians are a suburban people. The suburbs surround the cities for many miles, and so efficient transport is of great importance. As the economy grows, so do its industries- a higher level of production, a wider range of products.
The Australian works hard, but he likes his leisure. The climate makes outdoor activities the most popular.
Canberra, the capital of Australia, is a planned modem city located inland. Australia is governed by a parliamentary democracy. The representatives of other countries have their embassies here. Australia wants to strengthen relations with her neighbors.
Australia is a strange land, a land of vast expanses- fertile valleys, snow fields and deserts- also a land with unique animal, many that can not be found on any other continent in the world today.
Much of the continent is dry, but man has utilized the land, made it productive, with its tools, with its technology. This is the driest continent of all, and water is a precious possession, more precious than all other natural resources. Large dams are built to collect the water, there to irrigate the fields of pastures and crops.
But Australia is changing. The land of wool and wheat is now a land of large-scale industry and mining. The costs of developing the new mineral discoveries are enormous, but the rewards are great too.
Australia — a young and developing nation. Australia — a nation that wants to communicate with its neighbors.
1. Australia is an island located ______ of Asia and its big cities lie ____ of the coast.
A. to the south; on the southeast B. to the north; on the southwest
C. to the east; on the northeast D. to the east; on the southwest
2. We can infer from the passage that the Australian likes outdoor activities for the _____ climate.
A. dull and wet B. fine and shiny C. gloomy and rainy D. wet and cold
3. ____ is the most precious source in Australia.
A. Mineral resource B. Animal C. Desert D. Water
Which of the following statements about Australia is wrong?
A. Australians are a suburban people
B. Australia is governed by a parliamentary democracy.
C. Australia prefers to live in the downtown of big cities.
D. Wool and wheat used to be the main products of Australia.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一. 单选 （2014海淀一模）
1. She calls back whenever someone ______ her a message.
A. left B. leaves C. had left D. will leave
2. The purpose of the article is to draw public attention ______ the problem.
A. to B. on C. in D. for
3. ______ the task in time, we had to work late into the night.
A. Finished B. Finishing C. To finish D. Having finished
4. I know little about the accident because not much ______ about it up to now.
A. has said B. has been said C. had said D. had been said
5. She ______ have attended that meeting, for she was doing paperwork in the office then.
A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. wouldn’t D. couldn’t
6. We’re advised not to leave the water ______ after using it.
A. run B. running C. to run D. having run
7. Mr. Smith couldn’t open the door because his naughty boy ______ it from the inside.
A. would lock B. was locking C. has locked D. had locked
8. — Jeff, what’s up? You are not yourself today.
— Oh, mom. I really wish I ______ the chance but I failed.
A. had got B. would get C. will get D. got
9. This kind of cell phone is very common and I also have ______.
A. one B. it C. that D. another
10. The paintings ______ from the National Gallery last week have been found.
A. stealing B. to steal C. stolen D. to be stolen
11. You cannot take back your words ______ they are out of your mouth.
A. before B. whether C. once D. while
12. The App WeChat provides a networking platform ______ communication is faster and easier.
A. which B. where C. when D. why
13. —Did you sleep well last night?
— No, the loud noise from the street ______ me awake for hours.
A. had kept B. is keeping C. has kept D. kept
14. — Have you told your parents about your decision?
— Not yet. I can hardly imagine ______ they will react.
A. what B. that C. how D. when
15. I think the biggest problem in banning smoking is ______ people can buy cigarettes easily.
A. that B. whether C. where D. how
二. 阅读理解
A
Sharing Beauty
It was in October. I was aimlessly wandering down the street, heading into a most gloriously beautiful sunset. I had an urge to speak to someone on the street to share that beauty, but it seemed everyone was in a hurry.
I took the next-best action. Quickly I ducked into a department store and asked the lady behind the counter if she could come outside for just a minute. She looked at me as though I were from some other planet. She hesitated, and then seemingly against her better judgment, she moved toward the door.
When she got outside I said to her, “Just look at that sunset! Nobody out here was looking at it and I just had to share it with someone.”
For a few seconds we just looked. Then I said, “God is in his heaven and all is right with the world.” I thanked her for coming out to see it; she went back inside and I left. It felt good to share the beauty.
Four years later my situation changed greatly. I came to the end of a twenty-year marriage. I was alone and on my own for the first time in my life. I lived in a trailer park which, at the time, I considered a real come-down, and I had to do my wash in the community laundry room.
One day, while my clothes were going around, I picked up a magazine and read an article about a woman who had been in similar circumstances. She had come to the end of a marriage, moved to a strange community, and the only job she could find was one she disliked: clothing sales in a department store.
Then something that happened to her changed everything. She said a woman came into her department store and asked her to step outside to look at a sunset. The stranger had said, “God is in his heaven and all is right with the world,” and she had realized the truth in that statement. From that moment on, she turned her life around.
1. The author asked the woman to go outside to ______.
A. admire the sunset B. cheer her up C. offer some help D. have a chat
2. Four years later, the author ______.
A. found her dream job B. put an end to her marriage
C. worked in a laundry room D. lived in the same community
3. After reading the article in the magazine, the author was probably______.
A. disappointed B. puzzled C. inspired D. overjoyed
B
There is a lot of talk these days about how kids should be interested in science. Here’s an area of science for everyone, and these cool new books might inspire you to discover your inner scientist.
Scaly Spotted Feathered Frilled by Catherine Thimmesh, 58 pages,?ages 9-12
Seeing a picture or a model of a dinosaur, do you wonder how anybody knows what they look like? After all, nobody has seen a living dinosaur. This book explains how scientists and artists work together to re-create dinosaurs. As scientific discoveries have been made, the models have changed. Scientific tests may one day expose what a dinosaur’s coloring was, but now artists have to use their imagination to determine how these huge creatures looked.
Beyond the Solar System?by Mary Kay Carson, 128 pages, ages 10-13
This book takes readers back to the beginnings of space exploration—thousands of years ago, when people began star observation—and forward to today’s search for planets in distant parts of the Milky Way. Along with history lessons, readers get 21 activities, such as making a black hole and creating a model of Albert Einstein’s universe using a T-shirt. The activities are perfect for cold winter days.
Ultimate Bugopedia?by Darlyne Murawski and Nancy Honovich, 272 pages, ages 7 and older
If you’re always on the lookout for butterflies, this book is for you. Hundreds of color photos of common and unusual insects fill this hardcover. There are fascinating stories related to the photos. For example, do you know an insect?feeds on the tears of Asian cattle? There’s a question-and-answer section with an insect scientist and advice on how to help preserve endangered insects.
Journey Into the Invisible?by Christine Schlitt, 80 pages,?ages 9-12
If you use a magnifying（放大的）glass, you know a leaf looks quite different. This book explains what microscopes do and then shows what happens to things around the house when watched with this amazing scientific tool. The bacteria in your mouth, when magnified 20,000 times, look a bit like swimming pool noodles. Fascinating photos are paired with suggestions about how to learn about the world around you, just by looking a little closer.
4. Kids interested in pre-historical animals might read ______.
A. Ultimate Bugopedia
B. Beyond the Solar System
C. Journey Into the Invisible
D. Scaly Spotted Feathered Frilled
5. Beyond the Solar System is mainly about ______.
A. space exploration B. the Milky Way
C. history lessons D. Albert Einstein’s universe
6. From the passage, we can learn that ______.
A. butterflies are fond of the tears of Asian cattle
B. scientists have discovered the dinosaur’s coloring
C. microscopes can present you with an amazing world
D. man has explored the black hole for thousands of years
7. The main purpose of the passage is to ______.
A. compare features of different books
B. inspire people to become scientists
C. teach children some knowledge of science
D. recommend new science books to children
C
Everywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets.?When connected electronically, they are away from physical reality.
People have been influenced to become technology addicted.?One survey reported that “addicted” was the word most commonly used by people to describe their relationship to iPad and similar devices.?One study found that people had a harder time resisting the allure of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.
The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life.?They have successfully created a cultural disease.?Consumers willingly give up their freedom, money and time to catch up on the latest information, to keep pace with their peers or to appear modern.
I see people trapped in a pathological（病态的）relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them.?I call this technology servitude.?I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money.?
What is a healthy use of technology devices??That is the vital question.?Who is really in charge of my life??That is what people need to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology.?When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology.?Mae West is famous for proclaiming the wisdom that “too much of a good thing is wonderful.”? But it’s time to discover that it does not work for technology.
Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that “we can be swept away by our technologies.”? To break the grand digital connection people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without today’s overused technology.
8. The underlined word “allure” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A. advantage B. attraction C. adaptation D. attempt
9. From the passage, technology companies aim to ______.
A. attract people to buy their products B. provide the latest information
C. improve people’s quality of life D. deal with cultural diseases
10. It can be inferred from this passage that people ______.
A. consider too much technology wonderful
B. have realized the harm of high-tech devices
C. can regain freedom without high-tech devices
D. may enjoy life better without overused technology
11. What’s the author’s attitude towards the overusing of high-tech devices?
A. Neutral. B. Sceptical. C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic.
D
Did you see American figure skater, Jeremy Abbott, crash to the ice during the short program at the Sochi Olympics, rolling into the wall, clutching his side in pain. Ten seconds later, he got up and continued his skate—despite the pain, embarrassment and fear. All I could think was: this kid’s got courage. In business we have a word for it—resilience, the ability to gain strengths and confidence from overcoming unpleasant events.
However, opposite examples appeared in Sochi Olympics as well. For them, failure is someone else’s fault, because they do not accept personal responsibility. Therefore, they have to pay a high price for this attitude. After years of studying failure, I have learned one thing: modesty and open-mindedness in the face of mistakes is the single best thing you can do to improve results. Everyone fails, but not everyone recovers from failure. The key is to learn from it rather than get beaten by it.
The good news is that each of us has the potential to live a resilient life on and off the job. It may be difficult, but that just makes it all the more powerful and important. If you believe the above paragraph to be true, then you’re probably more resilient than you think you are. It takes confidence to be resilient but that too much confidence is a killer is so true of leadership. For example, Ron Johnson, the ill-fated CEO of JC Penney, was so stubborn that he completely missed all sorts of signals from employees and customers and instead listened to all those who agreed with him, which failed his strategy. Bouncing back from failure requires that you recognize something has gone wrong, and you were the one who made it happen.
The challenge of resilience is not just about our work. When parents help their kids deal with every challenging situation, they are doing an unhelpful action to their children. Parents want to protect their kids from failure, but doing so takes away the opportunity from them to practice not just a life skill but an essential work skill. When self-esteem becomes more important than results, we are accidently training young people to become less adaptable, not more.
Resilience is not just about getting up off the floor, but also being ready for whatever comes next, even when you don’t know what it is. Failures and setbacks are no longer unusual events, but regular features of a dynamic, competitive and highly demanding work environment. Getting up to finish your skate is no longer optional.
12. The example of Jeremy Abbott shows that one should ______.
A. recover from failure B. stick to his own viewpoint
C. take others’ opinions to heart D. challenge difficulties bravely
13. According to the author, what can best build up resilience?
A. Being positive and powerful.
B. Being competitive and helpful.
C. Being modest and open-minded.
D. Being confident and responsible.
14. Which of the following examples shows us resilience?
A. A teacher offers students timely help and care.
B. A determined athlete practices skating hard every day.
C. A confident leader persuades his staff to follow his plan.
D. A student has got a low grade but continues to work hard.
15. Which might be the best title for the passage?
A. An Example of Resilience: Ron Johnson B. Resilience: A Lesson from Sochi
C. Optional Challenges of Resilience D. Resilience in Family Education
Unit 3 Australia 词汇篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握单元词汇与句型。
熟练运用词汇，掌握高考高频词。
一. 词汇
1. associate n. 同伴,伙伴 v. 联合,联想 a. 副的
1). She associated happiness with having money.
她把幸福和有钱联想到一起。
2). I got a new job and a new set of work associations.
我有了新工作和一班新同事。
3). I don't want to associate myself with them any more.
我不愿再和他们交往了。
4). I have never associated myself with political extremism.
我从来不赞同政治上的极端主义。
5). I don't like you associating with such people.
我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起。
6). Associate members do not have the right to vote.
准会员没有选举权。
7). I always associate him with fast cars.
我总是由他联想到高速汽车。
8). You wouldn't normally associate these two writers their styles are completely different.
通常不会把这两位作家相提并论--他们两人的风格完全不同。
2. toleratev. 忍受,容忍,容许,宽恕 vt. 容忍,忍受,容许
1). The body cannot tolerate such large amounts of radiation.
身体经不住那么大剂量的放射线。
2). How can you tolerate that awful woman?
你怎么能忍得了那可恶的女人?
3). She almost can tolerate any kind of torrid days.
她几乎能忍受各种酷热的天气。
4). She's not a woman to tolerate being played with.
她不是一个能容忍别人玩弄的女子。
5). He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert.
他忍受不住沙漠的酷热。
3. correspond v. 符合,通信,相当
1). The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.
美国的国会相当于英国的议会。
2). The written record of our conversation doesn't correspond with (ie is different from) what was actually said.
对我们交谈所作的文字记录与我们的原话不符。
3). Your account and hers correspond.
你的说法跟她的说法一致。
4). Does the name on the envelope correspond with the name on the letter inside?
信封上的名字与里面信上的名字是否相同?
5). Your account of events corresponds with hers.
你说的情况跟她说的相符。
6). We've corresponded (with each other) (ie written to each other) for years but I've never actually met him.
我们已（互相）通信多年了, 可是我从未见过他本人。
4. correspond with 和...通信
1). Are you still corresponding with your parents?
你一直在和你父母通信吗?
2). I corresponded with him about his business prospects.
我与他通信有关他的生意前途问题。
3). Does the name on the envelope correspond with the name on the letter inside?
信封上的名字与里面信上的名字是否相同?
4). I have corresponded with him for some years, but I have never met him in the flesh.
我已和他通信联系好几年了，但一直未与他本人见过面。
5). The written record of our conversation doesn't correspond with (ie is different from) what was actually said.
对我们交谈所作的文字记录与我们的原话不符。
5. owe v. 欠 vi. 欠钱 vt. 欠(债等),归功于,应感谢
1). I owe a lot to my wife and children.
我很感激我的妻子和孩子。
2). He owes his success more to luck than to ability.
他认为他的成功是靠运气而不是因为自己有能力。
3). We owe this discovery to Newton.
我们的这一发现归功于牛顿。
4). I owe my teachers and parents a great deal.
我深深感激师长与父母。
5). He still owes (us) for the goods he received last month.
他上月收到货物, 现在还欠着（我们）款呢。
6). He owes 50 to his father.
他欠他父亲50英镑。
7). He owes (his father) 50.
他欠（他父亲）50英镑。
8). I owe you one.
我欠你一个人情。
6. shrink n. 收缩,萎缩 v. 收缩,退缩,萎缩
1). He had a tendency to shrink up whenever attention was focused on him.
当别人注意他时，他就会退缩一旁。
2). Will this woolen sweater shrink when washed?
这件羊毛衫洗后会缩水吗？
3). The economy is shrinking instead of growing.
经济正在萎缩而不是在增长中。
4). As he moved threateningly forward she shrank (back) from him.
他步步逼近, 把她吓得直（向后）退缩。
5). She's no shrinking violet always ready to speak up for herself.
她可不胆小--任何场合都能为自己说话。
6). Car sales have been shrinking (ie Fewer have been sold) recently.
汽车销量近来一直在下降。
7). Will this shirt shrink in the wash?
这件衬衫洗后缩水吗?
8). The dough shrank slowly in the cold air.
面团在冷空气中慢慢收缩了。
7. wind n. 风,气味,卷 v. 上发条,缠绕,蜿蜒
1). The river winds to the sea.
那条河蜿蜒地流入大海。
2). The deer winded the stalkers.
那只鹿嗅出了偷偷接近的猎人。
3). The wind blew my hat off.
风吹落了我的帽子。
4). If we all agree, let's wind up the discussion.
要是大家都同意的话，咱们这次讨论就到此结束。
5). A gust of wind blew my hat off.
一阵大风吹走了我的帽子。
6). She goes like the wind on her new bicycle.
她飞快地骑着新自行车。
7). I always said he would wind up in jail.
我常说他到头来非进监狱不可。
8). Before I wind up, there are two more things to be said.
在我结束讲话之前，还有两件事要说。
8. paralyze v. 使...瘫痪,使...麻痹
1). The electricity failure paralyzed the water supply.
停电使水供应陷于瘫痪。
2). The accident left her paralyzed in both legs.
事故后她的腰部以下瘫痪了。
3). She is paralyzed in both arms.
她的两只胳膊麻痹。
4). Strict regulations that paralyze economic activity.
阻碍经济活动的严格的规章制度。
9. recover v. 恢复,复原,补偿
1). The police recovered the stolen jewelry.
警察找回了被盗的珠宝。
2). He is very ill and unlikely to recover.
他病得非常厉害，不大可能恢复健康了。
3). He's now fully recovered from his stroke.
他现已从中风病完全康复了。
4). The murderer never recovered his peace of mind.
这个杀人凶手心里再也没平静过。
5). She recovered herself/her composure and smiled.
她恢复了常态[镇静], 笑了笑。
6). The skater quickly recovered his balance.
那个滑冰的人很快恢复了平衡。
7). We recovered lost time by setting out early.
我们提前出发从而把损失的时间补了回来。
8). They sought to recover damages, costs, expenses, etc from the firm.
他们设法向那家公司索取损害赔偿金、 用费、 费用等。
10. snatch n. 抢夺,碎片,一阵 v. 夺取,想抢走,侥幸获得
1). The hawk snatched the chicken and flew away.
老鹰抓住小鸡飞走了。
2). He snatched up his gun and fired.
他突然拿起枪来射击。
3). The baby had been snatched from its pram.
那婴儿被人从婴儿车中劫走了。
4). It's rude to snatch.
你争我夺是粗鲁的行为。
5). She snatched the letter from me/out of my hand.
她从我这里从我手中把信抢走了。
二. 长难句理解
Australia is home to more than 170 different kinds of snake and 115 of these are poisonous．
澳洲是超过 170只不同类型的蛇的家园，其中115种是毒蛇。
句中home意思是native habitat: the place where an animal is most common or indigenous。
例如 ：
It is home to the grizzly bear.
下面是一些由home构成的短语和句子：
at home， be close to home， be nothing much to write home about，
bring something home (to someone)， Charity begins at home. Chickens come home to roost. drive/hammer something home, eat someone out of house and home, hit a home run,
hit/strike home, a home away from home,
Australia has more kinds of venomous snake than any other country in theworld．However，the majority have no effect on humans or cause only mild sickness．
澳洲毒蛇的类型超过全球任何其他国家。然而多数毒蛇对人类没有影响或者只能导致一些小毛病。第一句句号前可以加一个does。第二句中majority作主语，看作复数。 有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。
例如：A number of +名词复数+复数动词。The number of +名词复数+单数动词。
A number of books have lent out.
The majority of the students like English.
However，although they look dangerous because of their wide mouths and sharp teeth, all but two or three kinds are harmless to humans．
然而，虽然他们因为宽嘴和利齿看起来危险，但是除了两三种以外几乎都对人无害。
句中but意思是except，used to indicate the exception to a statement just made。
短语拓展：nothing but 只有，只不过； anything but 根本不，一点也不； last but one 倒数第二； but for 要不是、、、、、、
例如：
He could do nothing but stand and watch her leave.
There was nothing but a lump of moldy bread in the drawer.
We should have gone for a spring outing but for the bad weather.
4. There are no more than a handful of shark attacks each year and only three deaths have been reported in the last five years．
每年只会发生七八起鲨鱼对人的攻击，而过去五年只有三次死亡报告。
句中a handful of是一种量词用法，
类似的例子还有：a drove of horses(一群马)， a flock of goats(一群山羊)， a herd of elephants(一群大象)， a pack of wolves(一群狼)， a pride of lion(一群狮子)， a skulk of foxes(一群狐狸)。
5. Treatments for jellyfish stings and snakebites have also been developed and in the last five years there have been only three deaths from jellyfish stings and about the same number from snakebites．
已经研制出针对水母蛰伤和毒蛇咬伤的治疗办法，过去五年，因为水母伤和毒蛇咬伤致死的个案例。
句中There be句型是一种复杂时态用法。
例如：
There is going to be a meeting tonight.
今有个会议。
There was a knock at the door.
有人敲门。
There has been a girl waiting for you.
有个女孩一直在等你。
There will be rain soon.
不久天就要下雨了。
三. 长难句分析
1. Australia is not the only country that is also a continent.
澳大利亚是唯一一个既是国家又是大陆的国家。
that 引导定语从句。关系代词中只用that的情况：
先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last等修饰时。
He is the only person I want to talk to.
先行词被all， every， any， few， little， no修饰时。
I have read all the book that you gave me.
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
先行词是不定代词时。
All that we have to do is to practice every day.
先行词兼指人和物时。
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.
主语是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Who is the person that is standing at the door?
2. It is a mainly dry country with only a few coastal areas that have adequate rainfall to support a large population.
这是一个以干旱为主的国家，只有少部分沿海地区有充足的雨量，可以维持大量人口的生存。
例句：
Fifty thousand dollars would be adequate for this trip.
五万美元应该足够（维持）这次旅行。
He is perfectly adequate for his new job.
他完全能胜任他的新工作。
Los Angeles has a population of over 4 million.
洛杉矶人口有400多万。
California has a large Spanish-speaking population.
加利福尼亚说西班牙语的人口众多。
What is the population of Canada？
加拿大的人口是多少？
On 26 January, Australia Day, in over 200 locations across the nation, morn than 9,000 people will become Australian citizens.
1月26日是澳大利亚日，全国200多个地方的9,000多人将成为澳大利亚公民。
morn than +数词，相当于over+数词，表示“、、、、、、以上；多于、、、、、、”。
I have been friend with David for more than 20 years.
more than +名词，表示“不只，不仅仅，超过，不同于”。
Modern science is more than a large amount of information.
more than + 形容词或副词，表示“非常，十分，很”。
I’m more than happy to hear this.
more than 或more …than …+ 含“can / could”的从句时表示否定意义，意为“不能、、、、、、”。
That’s more than I can do.
more than one…意为“不只一个、、、、、、”，当more than one…结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
More than one student has seen it.
It is also possible to climb the rock, but most people don’t do this out of respect for the Aboriginal people who consider the rock to be sacred.
要爬上这块巨石也是可能的，但大多数人们出狱对土著人的尊敬而不这样做，因为土著人认为这块岩石是神圣的。
句中it为形式主语。
例句：
It is necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.
年轻人有必要掌握两门外语。
It is uncertain whether he can come to my birthday party or not.
他是否能参加我的生日派对还不确定。
It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match.
真遗憾，你错过了这场激动人心的足球赛。
It seemed that he didn’t tell the truth.
他好像没有说出事实。
It’s no use arguing about the matter with him.
和他争论这个问题没有用。
I first considered writing to her, but then decided to see her.
我开始想写信给她，但后来决定去看她。
I consider her to have done wonderfully in the final exam.
我认为她在期中考试中表现得非常出色。
Take everything into consideration, the event was a great success.
总的说来，这项活动是非常成功的。
________with the traffic accident, he was told not to leave the city within a month.
A Associating B Being associated C Associated D Having associated
解析：句意“与这起交通事故有关，他被告知一个月内不能离开这座城市”。考查非谓语动词。be associated with… 与、、、、、、有关。
答案： C
（2015安徽江淮十校联考）I am sure you will pass the exam because you are_______ prepared for that.
A approximately B absolutely C adequately D confidently
解析：句意“我敢肯定你会通过考试，因为你为它准备充分”。考查副词辨析。approximately 近似地；absolutely 绝对地；adequately 充分地；confidently 自信地，有信心地。
答案： C
(2015安徽蚌埠月考) It took ________ building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses. It took brain, too.
A other than B more than C rather than D less than
解析：句意“建设这些节能的房子不仅仅需要建筑材料，还需要大脑”。考查短语辨析。other than除了；more than 不仅仅，不只，超过；rather than 而不是；less than 少于。
答案： B
（2015山东师大附中一模）His favorite food is fried snacks and soft drinks. _________ is no surprise that losing weight is just his dream.
A Here B It C As D What
解析：句意“他最喜爱的食物是油炸小吃和饮料。难怪减肥对他来说只是个梦”。考查it用法。It作形式主语，真正的主语是that losing weight is just his dream。
答案： B
（2015四川雅安月考）---Have you considered _________ the job as a teacher?
---Yes. I like it because a teacher is often considered ________ a gardener.
A to take; to be B to take; being C taking; being D taking; to be
解析：句意“—你考虑过从事老师这份工作吗？—考虑过。我喜欢这份工作，因为老师经常被认为是园丁”。考查非谓语动词。第一空前的consider意为“考虑”，后接动名词；第二空前的consider意为“认为”，consider…to be…意为“认为、、、、、、是、、、、、、”。
答案： D
6. (2015江苏常州调研) Sandy couldn’t do nothing but______ to his teacher that he was wrong.
A to admit B admitted C admit D admitting
解析：句意“Sandy只有向老师承认自己错了。考查非谓语动词。But后接不定式时，如果前面有动词do，省去不定式符号to；如果前面没有do，则保留to。
答案： C
基础演练
根据汉语或首字母提示填空
1. These _________ (热带的) flowers have bright colors.
2. The new ________(时刻表) will come into effect next month.
3. I’ve made a _________(预定) for you on the morning flight.
4. Greece was the c________ of Western civilization.
5. Ukraine is strong both in industry and a________.
6. He started to study __________(生态学) and decided to devote his whole life to the science.
7. He can not t_________ the extremes of heat in the desert.
8. What is the Labor Party’s _________(政策) on immigration?
9. He’s having a party in c________ of his 84th birthday.
10. He came to miss his h_________ when he settled down abroad.
11. He still ______ (欠) us $ 90 for the goods he received last month.
12. I had no money left and was ________(绝望的).
13. Do you think this dress will s________ if I handwash it?
14. His father was __________(瘫痪) by a stroke.
15. He ______(夺走）the knife from the burglar.
16. He has now fully r________ from his stroke.
17. She asked me to w_______ the wool for her.
Keys:
1. tropical 2. timetable 3. reservation 4. cradle 5. agriculture 6. ecology 7. tolerate 8. policy 9. celebration 10. homeland 11. owes 12. desperate 13. shrink 14. paralyzed
15. snatched 16. recovered 17. wind
巩固提高
完成句子
1. 他们拿起武器保卫祖国。
They took up arms ________ _________ _________ their country.
2. 她这么做是出于对老师的尊敬。
She did it _______ ________ ________for her teacher.
3. 动物的身体是由细胞组成的。
Animal bodies _______ ______ _______ ________ cells.
4. 我们很自然地把达尔文这个名字与进化论联系在一起。
We naturally ______ the name of Darwin _______ the doctrine of evolution.
5. 我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够了。
I’m sure her knowledge of English _______ _______ ______ the job.
6. 这个国家的人口是多少？
_________ is the population of this country?
7. 我认为自己是幸运的。
I ______ myself _________ ________ lucky.
8. 不要放弃努力，你就会实现自己的目标。
Don’t give up trying _______ you will achieve your goals.
9. 我希望昨天遇到那个电影明星。
I wish that I _______ _______ that film star yesterday.
10. 为了安全起见，在市内开车时速不超过30千米。
For safety’s sake, don’t drive _______ _______ 30 kilometers per hour in the city.
Keys:
1. in defence of 2. out of respect 3. are made up of 4. associate; with 5. is adequate for
6. What 7. consider; to be 8. and 9. had met 10. more than
一. 单项选择
1. --- Is Mr. Fan there? There is something I really need to talk to him about.
???--- No, he is out. _____?
??? A. What’s that?? ? B. What do you want to say
??? C. Can I take a message for him D. Can you trust me???
2. One spring, when I was _____ energetic young postgraduate, _____ undergraduate asked if she could work on a summer project with me. I accepted.
A. an; an?????? ?B. a; an???????? ? C. an; the???????? D. the; the
3. She said she was in great need of such a table and asked me how much _____ table would cost.
??? A. such a beautiful wooden round B. one such beautiful round wooden???
??? C. one such round beautiful wooden D. such a round beautiful wooden???
4. You should take _____ of this opportunity and try to make a good impression on them.
??? A. care?? ? ? ? B. advantage??????? C. charge?? ? ?? D. place
5. --- Thank you ever so much for your help. --- _____.
??????A. Glad to hear that??? B. Not worth thanking C. Think nothing of it????D. You’re too polite
?6. It’s said that there are plenty of hotels in that town. There _____ be any difficulty for you to find one to stay in. ?
A. mustn’t?? ? ??????????? ?? B. oughtn’t????? C. shouldn’t?? ???????????? ??D. needn’t
?7. His grandfather was among the first to settle in _____ is now a famous holiday center.
??? A. what?? ? ???? ? B. which???????? C. where?? ? ?? D. that
8. She told me she hadn’t enjoyed the film, but I decided to go and see it _____.
??? A. after all????? ??????? ? B. in all??? C. all the same???????????? D. above all???
9. He called her names, so she won’t forgive him _____ he makes an apology to her.
????A. although???? ????? B. once?????? C. if???????????? D. unless
10. His sudden look of fear made _____ clear that he had something to do with the matter.
?? ?A. him??????????? ? B. this???? ? C. it??????? ? D. that
11. --- Is Tom still smoking?
??? --- No. By next Saturday he _____ for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette.
?? ?A. will go????? ????????? ? B. will have gone? C. goes???????? ????????? ?D. has been going???
12. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _____ the cloth _____ well.
? A. have told; washes ?B. have been told; washes
C. was told; washed ?D. have been told; is washed
13. Today, when I think of my friend, I remember the way her face _____ when she saw the picture of a handsome fellow.
???? A. cheered up????????????? B. shone up??? ? C. stood up???? ???????? ?D. lit up
?14. I couldn’t help but wonder how country life would change the funny, lazy Tom who had once put up a notice on the wall above his bed that _____, WAKE FOR FOOD.
??? A. showed???? ? ? ? B. wrote??? ???? C. spoke????? ?? ? D. said
15. --- She joined a football team last fall and was recently made captain.
??? --- Never _____ she’d ever have that much energy.
A. I had thought? B. I would have thought???
C. could I have thought D. will I have thought
16. Most of that country’s external debt is ______ private banks.
A. owed to B. owing to C. owed for D. owing for
17. He _______ himself ______ Mr. Gray in the company.
A. connected; to B. associated; with C. associated; to D. connected; by
18. Canada is a big _______ and the Chinese _______ is a great people.
A. nation; country B. country; country C. country; nation D. nation; nation
19. The boy talked his mother ________ buying him a home computer.
A. of B. over C. to D. into
20. He was seriously hurt after that accident, but now he was recovered from it. Which of the following can take the place of the underlined word?
A. taken up B. taken out C. picked up D. picked out
二. 阅读理解
Australia －a huge island continent that lies to the south of Asia. Australia－more than two hundred years old, a nation that is still growing.
Its big cities lie on the southeast coast, this is where most Australians live. Australians prefer to own their own houses, though some live in apartments. Australians are a suburban people. The suburbs surround the cities for many miles, and so efficient transport is of great importance. As the economy grows, so do its industries- a higher level of production, a wider range of products.
The Australian works hard, but he likes his leisure. The climate makes outdoor activities the most popular.
Canberra, the capital of Australia, is a planned modem city located inland. Australia is governed by a parliamentary democracy. The representatives of other countries have their embassies here. Australia wants to strengthen relations with her neighbors.
Australia is a strange land, a land of vast expanses- fertile valleys, snow fields and deserts- also a land with unique animal, many that can not be found on any other continent in the world today.
Much of the continent is dry, but man has utilized the land, made it productive, with its tools, with its technology. This is the driest continent of all, and water is a precious possession, more precious than all other natural resources. Large dams are built to collect the water, there to irrigate the fields of pastures and crops.
But Australia is changing. The land of wool and wheat is now a land of large-scale industry and mining. The costs of developing the new mineral discoveries are enormous, but the rewards are great too.
Australia — a young and developing nation. Australia — a nation that wants to communicate with its neighbors.
1. Australia is an island located ______ of Asia and its big cities lie ____ of the coast.
A. to the south; on the southeast B. to the north; on the southwest
C. to the east; on the northeast D. to the east; on the southwest
2. We can infer from the passage that the Australian likes outdoor activities for the _____ climate.
A. dull and wet B. fine and shiny C. gloomy and rainy D. wet and cold
3. ____ is the most precious source in Australia.
A. Mineral resource B. Animal C. Desert D. Water
Which of the following statements about Australia is wrong?
A. Australians are a suburban people
B. Australia is governed by a parliamentary democracy.
C. Australia prefers to live in the downtown of big cities.
D. Wool and wheat used to be the main products of Australia.
Keys：
一. CABBC CACDC BBDDC ABCDC
二. ABDC
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一. 单选 （2014海淀一模）
1. She calls back whenever someone ______ her a message.
A. left B. leaves C. had left D. will leave
2. The purpose of the article is to draw public attention ______ the problem.
A. to B. on C. in D. for
3. ______ the task in time, we had to work late into the night.
A. Finished B. Finishing C. To finish D. Having finished
4. I know little about the accident because not much ______ about it up to now.
A. has said B. has been said C. had said D. had been said
5. She ______ have attended that meeting, for she was doing paperwork in the office then.
A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. wouldn’t D. couldn’t
6. We’re advised not to leave the water ______ after using it.
A. run B. running C. to run D. having run
7. Mr. Smith couldn’t open the door because his naughty boy ______ it from the inside.
A. would lock B. was locking C. has locked D. had locked
8. — Jeff, what’s up? You are not yourself today.
— Oh, mom. I really wish I ______ the chance but I failed.
A. had got B. would get C. will get D. got
9. This kind of cell phone is very common and I also have ______.
A. one B. it C. that D. another
10. The paintings ______ from the National Gallery last week have been found.
A. stealing B. to steal C. stolen D. to be stolen
11. You cannot take back your words ______ they are out of your mouth.
A. before B. whether C. once D. while
12. The App WeChat provides a networking platform ______ communication is faster and easier.
A. which B. where C. when D. why
13. —Did you sleep well last night?
— No, the loud noise from the street ______ me awake for hours.
A. had kept B. is keeping C. has kept D. kept
14. — Have you told your parents about your decision?
— Not yet. I can hardly imagine ______ they will react.
A. what B. that C. how D. when
15. I think the biggest problem in banning smoking is ______ people can buy cigarettes easily.
A. that B. whether C. where D. how
二. 阅读理解
A
Sharing Beauty
It was in October. I was aimlessly wandering down the street, heading into a most gloriously beautiful sunset. I had an urge to speak to someone on the street to share that beauty, but it seemed everyone was in a hurry.
I took the next-best action. Quickly I ducked into a department store and asked the lady behind the counter if she could come outside for just a minute. She looked at me as though I were from some other planet. She hesitated, and then seemingly against her better judgment, she moved toward the door.
When she got outside I said to her, “Just look at that sunset! Nobody out here was looking at it and I just had to share it with someone.”
For a few seconds we just looked. Then I said, “God is in his heaven and all is right with the world.” I thanked her for coming out to see it; she went back inside and I left. It felt good to share the beauty.
Four years later my situation changed greatly. I came to the end of a twenty-year marriage. I was alone and on my own for the first time in my life. I lived in a trailer park which, at the time, I considered a real come-down, and I had to do my wash in the community laundry room.
One day, while my clothes were going around, I picked up a magazine and read an article about a woman who had been in similar circumstances. She had come to the end of a marriage, moved to a strange community, and the only job she could find was one she disliked: clothing sales in a department store.
Then something that happened to her changed everything. She said a woman came into her department store and asked her to step outside to look at a sunset. The stranger had said, “God is in his heaven and all is right with the world,” and she had realized the truth in that statement. From that moment on, she turned her life around.
1. The author asked the woman to go outside to ______.
A. admire the sunset B. cheer her up C. offer some help D. have a chat
2. Four years later, the author ______.
A. found her dream job B. put an end to her marriage
C. worked in a laundry room D. lived in the same community
3. After reading the article in the magazine, the author was probably______.
A. disappointed B. puzzled C. inspired D. overjoyed
B
There is a lot of talk these days about how kids should be interested in science. Here’s an area of science for everyone, and these cool new books might inspire you to discover your inner scientist.
Scaly Spotted Feathered Frilled by Catherine Thimmesh, 58 pages,?ages 9-12
Seeing a picture or a model of a dinosaur, do you wonder how anybody knows what they look like? After all, nobody has seen a living dinosaur. This book explains how scientists and artists work together to re-create dinosaurs. As scientific discoveries have been made, the models have changed. Scientific tests may one day expose what a dinosaur’s coloring was, but now artists have to use their imagination to determine how these huge creatures looked.
Beyond the Solar System?by Mary Kay Carson, 128 pages, ages 10-13
This book takes readers back to the beginnings of space exploration—thousands of years ago, when people began star observation—and forward to today’s search for planets in distant parts of the Milky Way. Along with history lessons, readers get 21 activities, such as making a black hole and creating a model of Albert Einstein’s universe using a T-shirt. The activities are perfect for cold winter days.
Ultimate Bugopedia?by Darlyne Murawski and Nancy Honovich, 272 pages, ages 7 and older
If you’re always on the lookout for butterflies, this book is for you. Hundreds of color photos of common and unusual insects fill this hardcover. There are fascinating stories related to the photos. For example, do you know an insect?feeds on the tears of Asian cattle? There’s a question-and-answer section with an insect scientist and advice on how to help preserve endangered insects.
Journey Into the Invisible?by Christine Schlitt, 80 pages,?ages 9-12
If you use a magnifying（放大的）glass, you know a leaf looks quite different. This book explains what microscopes do and then shows what happens to things around the house when watched with this amazing scientific tool. The bacteria in your mouth, when magnified 20,000 times, look a bit like swimming pool noodles. Fascinating photos are paired with suggestions about how to learn about the world around you, just by looking a little closer.
4. Kids interested in pre-historical animals might read ______.
A. Ultimate Bugopedia
B. Beyond the Solar System
C. Journey Into the Invisible
D. Scaly Spotted Feathered Frilled
5. Beyond the Solar System is mainly about ______.
A. space exploration B. the Milky Way
C. history lessons D. Albert Einstein’s universe
6. From the passage, we can learn that ______.
A. butterflies are fond of the tears of Asian cattle
B. scientists have discovered the dinosaur’s coloring
C. microscopes can present you with an amazing world
D. man has explored the black hole for thousands of years
7. The main purpose of the passage is to ______.
A. compare features of different books
B. inspire people to become scientists
C. teach children some knowledge of science
D. recommend new science books to children
C
Everywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets.?When connected electronically, they are away from physical reality.
People have been influenced to become technology addicted.?One survey reported that “addicted” was the word most commonly used by people to describe their relationship to iPad and similar devices.?One study found that people had a harder time resisting the allure of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.
The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life.?They have successfully created a cultural disease.?Consumers willingly give up their freedom, money and time to catch up on the latest information, to keep pace with their peers or to appear modern.
I see people trapped in a pathological（病态的）relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them.?I call this technology servitude.?I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money.?
What is a healthy use of technology devices??That is the vital question.?Who is really in charge of my life??That is what people need to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology.?When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology.?Mae West is famous for proclaiming the wisdom that “too much of a good thing is wonderful.”? But it’s time to discover that it does not work for technology.
Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that “we can be swept away by our technologies.”? To break the grand digital connection people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without today’s overused technology.
8. The underlined word “allure” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A. advantage B. attraction C. adaptation D. attempt
9. From the passage, technology companies aim to ______.
A. attract people to buy their products B. provide the latest information
C. improve people’s quality of life D. deal with cultural diseases
10. It can be inferred from this passage that people ______.
A. consider too much technology wonderful
B. have realized the harm of high-tech devices
C. can regain freedom without high-tech devices
D. may enjoy life better without overused technology
11. What’s the author’s attitude towards the overusing of high-tech devices?
A. Neutral. B. Sceptical. C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic.
D
Did you see American figure skater, Jeremy Abbott, crash to the ice during the short program at the Sochi Olympics, rolling into the wall, clutching his side in pain. Ten seconds later, he got up and continued his skate—despite the pain, embarrassment and fear. All I could think was: this kid’s got courage. In business we have a word for it—resilience, the ability to gain strengths and confidence from overcoming unpleasant events.
However, opposite examples appeared in Sochi Olympics as well. For them, failure is someone else’s fault, because they do not accept personal responsibility. Therefore, they have to pay a high price for this attitude. After years of studying failure, I have learned one thing: modesty and open-mindedness in the face of mistakes is the single best thing you can do to improve results. Everyone fails, but not everyone recovers from failure. The key is to learn from it rather than get beaten by it.
The good news is that each of us has the potential to live a resilient life on and off the job. It may be difficult, but that just makes it all the more powerful and important. If you believe the above paragraph to be true, then you’re probably more resilient than you think you are. It takes confidence to be resilient but that too much confidence is a killer is so true of leadership. For example, Ron Johnson, the ill-fated CEO of JC Penney, was so stubborn that he completely missed all sorts of signals from employees and customers and instead listened to all those who agreed with him, which failed his strategy. Bouncing back from failure requires that you recognize something has gone wrong, and you were the one who made it happen.
The challenge of resilience is not just about our work. When parents help their kids deal with every challenging situation, they are doing an unhelpful action to their children. Parents want to protect their kids from failure, but doing so takes away the opportunity from them to practice not just a life skill but an essential work skill. When self-esteem becomes more important than results, we are accidently training young people to become less adaptable, not more.
Resilience is not just about getting up off the floor, but also being ready for whatever comes next, even when you don’t know what it is. Failures and setbacks are no longer unusual events, but regular features of a dynamic, competitive and highly demanding work environment. Getting up to finish your skate is no longer optional.
12. The example of Jeremy Abbott shows that one should ______.
A. recover from failure B. stick to his own viewpoint
C. take others’ opinions to heart D. challenge difficulties bravely
13. According to the author, what can best build up resilience?
A. Being positive and powerful.
B. Being competitive and helpful.
C. Being modest and open-minded.
D. Being confident and responsible.
14. Which of the following examples shows us resilience?
A. A teacher offers students timely help and care.
B. A determined athlete practices skating hard every day.
C. A confident leader persuades his staff to follow his plan.
D. A student has got a low grade but continues to work hard.
15. Which might be the best title for the passage?
A. An Example of Resilience: Ron Johnson B. Resilience: A Lesson from Sochi
C. Optional Challenges of Resilience D. Resilience in Family Education
Keys:
一. BACBD BDAAC CBDCA
二. ABCDA CDBAD CACDB
Unit 3 Australia 语法篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握表语的定义及运用；
掌握常考点：表语从句；
一. 表语定义
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当。
二. 表语的作用及位置
表语是由系动词引导的主语补足语，补充说明主语。一般位于系动词之后，与之构成所谓的系表结构。
1）系动词：是表示不完全谓语关系的动词，常与后面的表语一起构成系表结构充当谓语。
2）be 动词是最常见的系动词，除动词be以外，还有一些后面可接表语的特殊连系动词，如：look, smell, taste, sound, feel, fall, come, go（变成…）, become, grow（渐渐地变化）, turn(变成，一般用于颜色), appear, seem, get, keep, remain, stay, prove等。
三. 分类例句
1. 名词，代词，数词用作表语：
He finally became a successful pianist.
My father used to be a football player.
She is very tired and looks it.
We are seven.
2. 形容词作表语，用来修饰说明主语:
Time is precious to everybody.
In time of danger, he remains calm.
The dream will come true.
The price sounds reasonable.
The man is said to have gone mad.
They stood still, saying nothing.
***形容词只能作表语，不能作定语，如：afraid, asleep, ready, unable, alive, aware, glad, sorry, well, alone, sure。即可以说 “She felt glad.” 但不能说 “a glad woman”.
3. 副词用作表语：
Are you there?
The manager is out to dinner with the customers.
He has been away from his hometown for many years.
4. 介词（短语）用作表语：
Are you on duty today?
Everything is in good order.
She is in good health.
They appear out of breath.
5. 分词用作表语：
It’s surprising that you haven’t met.
I’m so much surprised at it.
They seemed disappointed at the news.
Are you well prepared?
6. 不定式用作表语：
All I could do was to wait.
His job is to feed the animals.
Our aim is to hold the 2008 Olympic Games in China successful.
He seemed to be very tired.
7. 从句用作表语（表语从句）：
1) 由一个句子充当句子的表语, 这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释，是主语的内容具体化。相当于一个名词。表语从句两大要素：
a. 除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。
b. 除that, whether 外的所有引导词都必须在从句中充当相应的成分。
2) 从属连词: that, whether/ if (是否)引导表语从句。
The trouble is that he has never done the work before.
麻烦在于他以前从未做过这样的工作。
The question is whether we should ask them for help.
问题在于我们是否应当向他们求助。
3) 连接代词: who, whom, whose, which, what等引导表语从句。
Guilin is not what it used to be.
桂林已不再是从前的样子。
What she wants to know is which dress she should buy.
她想知道的是该买哪条裙子。
4) 连接副词：when, where, why, how 引导从句时，它们本身有词义，既起连接从句的作用，又在从句中充当状语成分，修饰谓语动词。
That is where Lu Xun used to live.
那里是鲁迅曾经居住的地方。
That is why he didn’t pass the exam.
那是他没有通过考试的原因。
5) 用as if /as though 引导。
It looks as if it were going to rain.
看起来要下雨了。
1. ---Are you still thinking about yesterday's game? ---Oh, that's_______ .
A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
2.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. ---Is that_______ you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. what D. where
3. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly_______ he wants .
A. what B. which C. when D. that
4. From space, the earth looks blue. This is ________ about 71% of its surface is covered by water.
A why B how C because D whether
5. I advise you to give up smoking, for smoking is ________ to health.
A harm B harmless C harmfully D harmful
基础演练
一. Tick the sentence if its under lined part is the predicative.
1. Australia is made up of six states and two territories. ( )
2. Australia is a young nation on an ancient continent. ( )
3. After the Second World War, Australia’s economy grew rapidly. ( )
4. Before baby kangaroos grow strong enough, they feed on their mother’s milk. ( )
5. When it turns cold in Northern China, the hot summer in Australia has just begun. ( )
6. If you go near Koala bear, it will get very upset. ( )
7. Australia keeps about one sixth of the world’s sheep. ( )
8. Australia has got the biggest iron mines in the world. ( )
9. The milk has been kept for too long; it has gone sour. ( )
二. Read the facts about Australia and write an “S-V-P” sentence to describe each subject.
10. As a nation, Australia has a history of only one hundred years. →
It __________________.
11. Australia produces metals, precious stones, coal and iron. →
It ________________________.
12. Australia has an area as large as the USA. →
It ___________________________.
13. Australians mostly use English as their national language. →
English________________________________.
14. You may find many differences between Australian English and British English.→
Australian English _______________ _______________.
15. The Koala bear has large ears, small eyes and a big nose.→
It _______________________________.
巩固提高
汉译英
1. 刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。
2. 当时我不知道那是你。
门仍然关着。
玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子。
这所房子不仅大而且漂亮。
当我到你家的时候，你不在家。
当她到达的时候，宿舍里没有人。
我的工作是教你们英语。
他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了。
一. Choose a suitable answer for each sentence.
1. The cotton fells ______ .
A. soft B. softly
2. I felt ______ sorry at his words.
A. terrible B. terribly
3. The little hero looked ______ at the enemy.
A. angry B. angrily
4. Tasting ______, the food was soon sold out.
A. good B. well
5. It is ______ of you to act ______ .
A. bad B. badly
6. Traveling is __________, and I am __________ in it.
A. interesting B. interested
7. After ten years’ hard work ,he ______ writer.
A. became B. turned
8. He felt a little ______ when he was ______.
A. alone B. lonely
二. 单选
1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that B. if C. when D. whether
2.The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. because B. that C. for D. because of
3. Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left it
A. where B. there C. there where D. where there
4.The problem is _________to take the place of Ted
A. who can we get B. what we can get C. who we can get D. that we can get
5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.
A. that B. if C. whether D.不填
6. The reason is_________ I missed the bus.
A. that B. when C. why D. what
7. —Who is knocking at the door？ —It’s __.
A. I B. this C. me D. my
8. He is an old man who looks __.
A. health B. friendly C. friend D. pleasantly
9. They got so __ at the good news that they burst into cheers.
A. excite B. exciting C. excitedly D. excited
10. The problem is_______ he has enough time.
A. if B. whether C. / D. that
11. He made a promise_______ he would help me.
A. what B. when C. that D. which
12. I remember_______ this used to be a quiet village.
A. how B. when C. where D. what
13. It is generally considered unwise to give a child_______ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever
14. It is believed that if a book is ___, it will surely ___the readers.
A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested
C. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interest
15. Go and get your coat. It’s ___ you left it.
A. where there B. there where C. there D. where
16. He walked up to the bed, in front of which ___two strange cases.
A. was B. were C. are D. had been
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一. 完型填空（2015海淀一模）
The Little Angel
Sally jumped up the moment she saw the surgeon come out of the operating room. She asked, “How is my little boy?”
The surgeon said, “I’m __1__. We did all we could, but your boy didn’t __2__ it.”
Sally __3__into the chair. The surgeon asked, “Would you like some time with your son before he was transported to the __4__?” Sally nodded. While saying goodbye, she ran her fingers __5__ through his thick curly hair. “Would you like a lock of his hair?” the surgeon asked. Sally nodded yes. The surgeon cut a few hairs, and handed them to Sally. The mother said, “It was Jimmy’s idea to __6__ his body to the university for study. He said it might __7__ somebody else. “I said no at first, __8__ Jimmy said, ‘Mom, I won’t be using it after I die. Maybe it will help some other little boy spend one more day with his Mom.’”
“My Jimmy had a heart of __9__, always thinking of someone else, always wanting to help others if he could.” she went on.
Sally walked out of the hospital. She put the bag with Jimmy’s __10__ on the seat beside her in the car. The drive home was __11__. It was even harder to enter the __12__ house. She carried Jimmy’s belongings, and the lock of his hair to her son’s room. She started placing the model cars and other personal things back in his room __13__ where he had always kept them. She lay down across his bed and, hugging his pillow, __14__ herself to sleep.
It was around midnight when Sally __15__. Lying beside her on the bed was a letter. The letter said,
“Dear Mom,
I know you’re going to __16__ me, and me too. I will always love you, Mom, even more __17__ each passing day. Someday we will see each other again. Until then, if you want to __18__a little boy so you won’t be so lonely, that’s OK with me. He can have my room and old toys to play with.
Don’t be sad thinking about me. I don’t hurt any more. The cancer is all __19__. I don’t have to stand that __20__any more. The angels in Heaven are so tender. They say I’m a Special Angel! I love you, Mom.”
1. A. worried B. sorry C. happy D. grateful
2. A. make B. pass C. win D. like
3. A. knocked B. looked C. sank D. got
4. A. house B. church C. hospital D. university
5. A. anxiously B. lovingly C. patiently D. angrily
6. A. donate B. move C. show D. lend
7. A. affect B. help C. protect D. impress
8. A. for B. and C. so D. but
9. A. gold B. stone C. wisdom D. bravery
10. A. toys B. clothes C. belongings D. letters
11. A. long B. smooth C. difficult D. dangerous
12. A. empty B. familiar C. big D. old
13. A. roughly B. exactly C. especially D. possibly
14. A. put B. sent C. cried D. buried
15. A. wrote B. spoke C. slept D. awoke
16. A. understand B. forgive C. leave D. miss
17. A. with B. around C. on D. in
18. A. save B. host C. visit D. adopt
19. A. lost B. gone C. cured D. spotted
20. A. depression B. sadness C. pain D. stress
二. 书面表达
第一节
你们班同学打算周六去爬香山。请给外教Chris写一封英文信，邀请他参加此次活动。具体内容如下：
1. 时间：8 am—5 pm；
2. 集合地点：校门口；
3. 交通工具：公交车；
4. 携带物品：雨具，午餐，相机。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris，
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Joe
第二节
假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华。你班同学张强即将去国外读书，下面四幅图描述了同学们为他送行的过程，请根据图片的先后顺序用英语写一篇日记。
注意：1. 日记的开头已为你写好。
2. 词数不少于60。
Monday, March 10 Fine
This afternoon, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 3 Australia 语法篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
掌握表语的定义及运用；
掌握常考点：表语从句；
一. 表语定义
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当。
二. 表语的作用及位置
表语是由系动词引导的主语补足语，补充说明主语。一般位于系动词之后，与之构成所谓的系表结构。
1）系动词：是表示不完全谓语关系的动词，常与后面的表语一起构成系表结构充当谓语。
2）be 动词是最常见的系动词，除动词be以外，还有一些后面可接表语的特殊连系动词，如：look, smell, taste, sound, feel, fall, come, go（变成…）, become, grow（渐渐地变化）, turn(变成，一般用于颜色), appear, seem, get, keep, remain, stay, prove等。
三. 分类例句
1. 名词，代词，数词用作表语：
He finally became a successful pianist.
My father used to be a football player.
She is very tired and looks it.
We are seven.
2. 形容词作表语，用来修饰说明主语:
Time is precious to everybody.
In time of danger, he remains calm.
The dream will come true.
The price sounds reasonable.
The man is said to have gone mad.
They stood still, saying nothing.
***形容词只能作表语，不能作定语，如：afraid, asleep, ready, unable, alive, aware, glad, sorry, well, alone, sure。即可以说 “She felt glad.” 但不能说 “a glad woman”.
3. 副词用作表语：
Are you there?
The manager is out to dinner with the customers.
He has been away from his hometown for many years.
4. 介词（短语）用作表语：
Are you on duty today?
Everything is in good order.
She is in good health.
They appear out of breath.
5. 分词用作表语：
It’s surprising that you haven’t met.
I’m so much surprised at it.
They seemed disappointed at the news.
Are you well prepared?
6. 不定式用作表语：
All I could do was to wait.
His job is to feed the animals.
Our aim is to hold the 2008 Olympic Games in China successful.
He seemed to be very tired.
7. 从句用作表语（表语从句）：
1) 由一个句子充当句子的表语, 这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释，是主语的内容具体化。相当于一个名词。表语从句两大要素：
a. 除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。
b. 除that, whether 外的所有引导词都必须在从句中充当相应的成分。
2) 从属连词: that, whether/ if (是否)引导表语从句。
The trouble is that he has never done the work before.
麻烦在于他以前从未做过这样的工作。
The question is whether we should ask them for help.
问题在于我们是否应当向他们求助。
3) 连接代词: who, whom, whose, which, what等引导表语从句。
Guilin is not what it used to be.
桂林已不再是从前的样子。
What she wants to know is which dress she should buy.
她想知道的是该买哪条裙子。
4) 连接副词：when, where, why, how 引导从句时，它们本身有词义，既起连接从句的作用，又在从句中充当状语成分，修饰谓语动词。
That is where Lu Xun used to live.
那里是鲁迅曾经居住的地方。
That is why he didn’t pass the exam.
那是他没有通过考试的原因。
5) 用as if /as though 引导。
It looks as if it were going to rain.
看起来要下雨了。
1. ---Are you still thinking about yesterday's game? ---Oh, that's_______ .
A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
解析：这是由what 引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。根据题意，选A。
答案： A
2.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. ---Is that_______ you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. what D. where
解析：这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是"这就是你离开的原因吗?"。根据题意，选A。
答案： A
3. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly_______ he wants .
A. what B. which C. when D. that
解析：这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Always give the monkey exactly what he wants是一句谚语,意思是"永远给予他人他确实想要的东西"。根据题意，选A。
答案： A
4. From space, the earth looks blue. This is ________ about 71% of its surface is covered by water.
A why B how C because D whether
解析：句意“从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球大约71% 的表面都被水覆盖着”。考查表语从句。why 为什么；how 怎么样；because 因为；whether 是否。根据题意，选C。
答案：C
5. I advise you to give up smoking, for smoking is ________ to health.
A harm B harmless C harmfully D harmful
解析：句意“我建议你戒烟，因为吸烟对健康有害”。考查形容词作表语。根据语境横线表示“有害”，排除B；分析句子结构，空格作表语，故用形容词harmful。
答案： D
基础演练
一. Tick the sentence if its under lined part is the predicative.
1. Australia is made up of six states and two territories. ( )
2. Australia is a young nation on an ancient continent. ( )
3. After the Second World War, Australia’s economy grew rapidly. ( )
4. Before baby kangaroos grow strong enough, they feed on their mother’s milk. ( )
5. When it turns cold in Northern China, the hot summer in Australia has just begun. ( )
6. If you go near Koala bear, it will get very upset. ( )
7. Australia keeps about one sixth of the world’s sheep. ( )
8. Australia has got the biggest iron mines in the world. ( )
9. The milk has been kept for too long; it has gone sour. ( )
二. Read the facts about Australia and write an “S-V-P” sentence to describe each subject.
10. As a nation, Australia has a history of only one hundred years. →
It __________________.
11. Australia produces metals, precious stones, coal and iron. →
It ________________________.
12. Australia has an area as large as the USA. →
It ___________________________.
13. Australians mostly use English as their national language. →
English________________________________.
14. You may find many differences between Australian English and British English.→
Australian English _______________ _______________.
15. The Koala bear has large ears, small eyes and a big nose.→
It _______________________________.
keys:
一. 2 4 5 6 9
二. 10. is a young nation 11. is rich in natural resources 12. is almost as large as the USA
13. is the first language in Australia 14. is different from Britain English
15. looks very funny /is a lovely animal
巩固提高
汉译英
1. 刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。
2. 当时我不知道那是你。
门仍然关着。
玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子。
这所房子不仅大而且漂亮。
当我到你家的时候，你不在家。
当她到达的时候，宿舍里没有人。
我的工作是教你们英语。
他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了。
Keys：
1. The person stood in front of you just now is my headmaster.
2. I didn’t know that it was you at that time.
3. The door remained closed.
4. Mary’s daily job is cleaning the house.
5. The house is not only large but also beautiful.
6. When I went to your house, you were out.
7. No one was in the dorm, when she arrived.
8. My job is to teach you English.
9. The reason why he came late was that his clock didn’t work.
一. Choose a suitable answer for each sentence.
1. The cotton fells ______ .
A. soft B. softly
2. I felt ______ sorry at his words.
A. terrible B. terribly
3. The little hero looked ______ at the enemy.
A. angry B. angrily
4. Tasting ______, the food was soon sold out.
A. good B. well
5. It is ______ of you to act ______ .
A. bad B. badly
6. Traveling is __________, and I am __________ in it.
A. interesting B. interested
7. After ten years’ hard work ,he ______ writer.
A. became B. turned
8. He felt a little ______ when he was ______.
A. alone B. lonely
二. 单选
1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that B. if C. when D. whether
2.The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. because B. that C. for D. because of
3. Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left it
A. where B. there C. there where D. where there
4.The problem is _________to take the place of Ted
A. who can we get B. what we can get C. who we can get D. that we can get
5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.
A. that B. if C. whether D.不填
6. The reason is_________ I missed the bus.
A. that B. when C. why D. what
7. —Who is knocking at the door？ —It’s __.
A. I B. this C. me D. my
8. He is an old man who looks __.
A. health B. friendly C. friend D. pleasantly
9. They got so __ at the good news that they burst into cheers.
A. excite B. exciting C. excitedly D. excited
10. The problem is_______ he has enough time.
A. if B. whether C. / D. that
11. He made a promise_______ he would help me.
A. what B. when C. that D. which
12. I remember_______ this used to be a quiet village.
A. how B. when C. where D. what
13. It is generally considered unwise to give a child_______ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever
14. It is believed that if a book is ___, it will surely ___the readers.
A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested
C. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interest
15. Go and get your coat. It’s ___ you left it.
A. where there B. there where C. there D. where
16. He walked up to the bed, in front of which ___two strange cases.
A. was B. were C. are D. had been
Keys:
一. 1 A 2 B 3 B 4 A 5 A; B 6 A; B 7 B 8 B; A
二. DBCCC ACBDB CBBDDB
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一. 完型填空（2015海淀一模）
The Little Angel
Sally jumped up the moment she saw the surgeon come out of the operating room. She asked, “How is my little boy?”
The surgeon said, “I’m __1__. We did all we could, but your boy didn’t __2__ it.”
Sally __3__into the chair. The surgeon asked, “Would you like some time with your son before he was transported to the __4__?” Sally nodded. While saying goodbye, she ran her fingers __5__ through his thick curly hair. “Would you like a lock of his hair?” the surgeon asked. Sally nodded yes. The surgeon cut a few hairs, and handed them to Sally. The mother said, “It was Jimmy’s idea to __6__ his body to the university for study. He said it might __7__ somebody else. “I said no at first, __8__ Jimmy said, ‘Mom, I won’t be using it after I die. Maybe it will help some other little boy spend one more day with his Mom.’”
“My Jimmy had a heart of __9__, always thinking of someone else, always wanting to help others if he could.” she went on.
Sally walked out of the hospital. She put the bag with Jimmy’s __10__ on the seat beside her in the car. The drive home was __11__. It was even harder to enter the __12__ house. She carried Jimmy’s belongings, and the lock of his hair to her son’s room. She started placing the model cars and other personal things back in his room __13__ where he had always kept them. She lay down across his bed and, hugging his pillow, __14__ herself to sleep.
It was around midnight when Sally __15__. Lying beside her on the bed was a letter. The letter said,
“Dear Mom,
I know you’re going to __16__ me, and me too. I will always love you, Mom, even more __17__ each passing day. Someday we will see each other again. Until then, if you want to __18__a little boy so you won’t be so lonely, that’s OK with me. He can have my room and old toys to play with.
Don’t be sad thinking about me. I don’t hurt any more. The cancer is all __19__. I don’t have to stand that __20__any more. The angels in Heaven are so tender. They say I’m a Special Angel! I love you, Mom.”
1. A. worried B. sorry C. happy D. grateful
2. A. make B. pass C. win D. like
3. A. knocked B. looked C. sank D. got
4. A. house B. church C. hospital D. university
5. A. anxiously B. lovingly C. patiently D. angrily
6. A. donate B. move C. show D. lend
7. A. affect B. help C. protect D. impress
8. A. for B. and C. so D. but
9. A. gold B. stone C. wisdom D. bravery
10. A. toys B. clothes C. belongings D. letters
11. A. long B. smooth C. difficult D. dangerous
12. A. empty B. familiar C. big D. old
13. A. roughly B. exactly C. especially D. possibly
14. A. put B. sent C. cried D. buried
15. A. wrote B. spoke C. slept D. awoke
16. A. understand B. forgive C. leave D. miss
17. A. with B. around C. on D. in
18. A. save B. host C. visit D. adopt
19. A. lost B. gone C. cured D. spotted
20. A. depression B. sadness C. pain D. stress
二. 书面表达
第一节
你们班同学打算周六去爬香山。请给外教Chris写一封英文信，邀请他参加此次活动。具体内容如下：
1. 时间：8 am—5 pm；
2. 集合地点：校门口；
3. 交通工具：公交车；
4. 携带物品：雨具，午餐，相机。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris，
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Joe
第二节
假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华。你班同学张强即将去国外读书，下面四幅图描述了同学们为他送行的过程，请根据图片的先后顺序用英语写一篇日记。
注意：1. 日记的开头已为你写好。
2. 词数不少于60。
Monday, March 10 Fine
This afternoon, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
一. BACDB ABDAC CABCD DADBC
二.
第一节
Dear Chris，
We are planning to climb the Xiangshan Hill this Saturday and sincerely invite you to go with us.
We will get together at the school gate at 8 am and probably come back at 5 pm. To make it a green travel, we will take the bus there. You’d better take your camera to record the beautiful scenery. And don’t forget to take some food, because we plan to have lunch on the top of the hill. Remember, take your umbrella or raincoat in case it rains.
If you can join us, we will be very happy.
Yours,
Joe
第二节
Monday, March 10 Fine
This afternoon, we held a class meeting to say goodbye to Zhang Qiang, who was going to study abroad. In the beginning, he made a brief speech to express his true love for the class and his wish for an everlasting friendship with us. We were all moved to tears. Then came the moment to present him with the special gift, a heart-shaped board with some photos recording the unforgettable days we had spent together. Afterwards, we signed on his T-shirt expressing our best wishes and encouragement as a reminder.
At last, we had a photo taken to memorize this precious moment. True friendship won’t be weakened by distance. We’ll surely miss him and wish him good luck in the future.
