Unit 5 Enjoy novels-语法篇
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1. 掌握独立主格的定义；
2. 掌握独立主格的解题方法；
独立主格结构
1. 构成:
独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分(分词, 不定式, 名词, 代词, 形容词, 副词或介词短语)构成, 在语法上是一个独立的短语, 不是句子, 在意思上依附于整个句子。构成如下:
(1) 名词(代词) + 现在分词, 过去分词
(2) 名词(代词) + 形容词
(3) 名词(代词) + 副词
(4) 名词(代词) + 不定式
(5) 名词(代词) + 介词短语
2. 独立主格结构的特点:
(1) 独立主格结构的作用相当于状语从句, 可表示时间, 原因, 条件, 行为方式或伴随情况;
(2) 独立主格结构可置于句首, 也可以放在句尾;
(3) 独立主格结构主要用于书面语;
(4) 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句中的语法主语不同, 不指同一个人或同一事物;
(5) 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同, 它独立存在;
(6) 名词或代词与后面的分词, 形容词, 副词, 不定式, 介词等是主谓关系;
(7) 独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开
(8) 过去分词表示被动，逻辑主语承受动作；分词的完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。
e.g. 1) The test finished, we began our holiday.
= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
2) The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
3) Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
4) He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
5) He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
3. with 的复合结构作独立主格
表伴随时, 既可用分词的独立结构, 也可用with的复合结构。其结构如下:
(1) with + 名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语
(2) with + 名词/代词宾格 + 分词
(3) with + 名词/代词宾格 + 不定式
(4) with + 名词/代词宾格 + 形容词/副词
(5) with + 名词/代词宾格 + 名词
e.g. 1) The teacher entered the classroom, with a book in his hand.
2) The classroom is very bright with all the lights turned on.
3) I can’t go out, with a lot of work to do.
4) Don’t talk with your mouth full.
5) He fought the tiger with a stick as his only weapon.
4. 独立主格结构的句法功能
(1) 作时间状语
e.g. The meeting over, they left the hall.
(2) 作原因状语
e.g. My watch having been lost, I didn’t know what time it was.
(3) 作条件状语
e.g. Time permitting, I shall go to the cinema with you.
(4) 描述伴随行为或补充说明
e.g. Mary entered the room, with a big apple in her hand.
He stood there, with his hands in his pockets.
1. ____________ her father, the little girl ran to him, her schoolbag ________ behind her.
A. Seeing; flying B. Seen; flown C. To see; to fly D. Seeing; was flying
2. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ____________ them.
A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows
3. All his time________ the local people out of poverty, he has no time for his sick mother.
A. devoting to helping B. devoted to helping
C. devoting to help D. devoted to help
4. The party will be held in the garden, weather ____________ (permit).
5. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some __________(have) a life span of around 20 years.
6. We ________(arrive)there, the sun was rising in the east.
7. All things _________(consider), her suggestion is of greater value than yours.
8. He got up late and hurried to his office, _________(leave) the breakfast untouched.
基础演练
一. 单选
1. The thief stood before the policeman，__________ admitting what he had done．
A. with his drooping head B. drooping his head
C. raising his head D. with his head down
2. __________，he can't go out for a walk as usual．
A. With so much work to do B. With so much work doing
C. With so much work done D. Without so much work to do
3. It's quite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth __________ and his eyes __________．
A. closed；open B. closed；opened
C. closing；open D. closing；opening
4. All things __________，the plan trip will have to be called off．
A. be considered B. considered
C. considering D. having considering
5. __________，we have to get down to business right away．
A. As there was no time left B. There is no time left
C. There being no time left D. There to be no time left
6. __________ yesterday，we went out for a walk．
A. As a fine day B. It was a fine day
C. It being a fine day D. For it was a fine day
7. The old man stood there，__________．
A. with back against the wall B. with his back against the wall
C. with back against wall D. his back against wall
二. 用独立主格结构改写下列句子。
1. The girl left the office and there were tears in her eyes.
2. Since there was no bus, we had to walk home.
3. The soldier entered the room and his nose was red with cold.
4. If all things are considered, I think we ought to give the job to Mike.
5. The thief was brought to the police station and his hands were tied to the back.
6. We set out for the cave and a native villager acted as our guide.
巩固提高
1. ______ no bus, we had to walk home.
A. There was B. There being C. Because there being
2. ____, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon.
A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Time's permitting
3. _____, we all went home happily.
A. Goodbye was said B. Goodbye had been said
C. Goodbye said D. When goodbye said
4. _____, we all went swimming in high spirits.
A. It being fine weather B. It fine weather
C. It was fine weather D. It being a fine weather
5. ____, the bus started at once.
A. The signal was given B. The signal giving
C. The signal given D. When the signal given
6. She stood there, _____ from her cheeks.
A. tears' rolling down B. tears rolled down
C. with tears rolled down D. tears rolling down
7. ____, the leaves are turning green.
A. When spring coming on B. Spring coming on
C. Spring came on D. Spring being come on
8. _____, I had to buy a new one.
A. My dictionary losing B. My dictionary having been lost
C. My dictionary had been lost D. Because my dictionary lost
9. I used to sleep with the window _____.
A. opened B. open C. opening D to open
10. ____, the hunter went into the forest.
A. A gun on shoulder B. A gun was on his shoulder
C. Gun on shoulder D. A gun being on shoulder
11. ____ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
12. With a lot of work ____, I have to sit up tonight.
A. do B. doing C. done D. to do
13. He stood there silently, his lips_____.
A. trembling B. trembled C. were trembling D. were trembling
14. _____, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.
A. All things considering B. All things considered
C. All things were considered D. With all things were considered
15. ______, we will surely succeed.
A. The teacher helping us B. The teacher to help us
C. The teacher will help us D. With the teacher helping
1. ____ I attended the meeting instead of him last Monday.
A. He was ill B. His being ill
C. Him being ill D. He being ill
2. ____, I’ll go over all these lessons before the exam.
A. If time permit will B. Time permits
C. If time permitted D. Time permitting
3. _____, he drew a conclusion.
A. The experiment B. The experiment making
C. The experiment having been done D. The experiment made
4. _____ tomorrow, I couldn’t go to the cinema tonight.
A. The exam to be held B. The exam will hold
C. The exam holds D. The exam holding
5. ______, her paper is of greater value than yours.
A. All things be considered B. All things considered
C. All things having considering D. All things considering
6. A new technique ___, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.
A. working out B. having worked out
C. having been worked out D. to have been worked out
7. The decision ____, the next problem was how to make a good a good plan.
A. having made B. having been making
C. having been made D. been made
8. The teacher walked into the classroom ____.
A. with a book in hand B. hand with a book
C. being with a book in hand D. to have a book in hand
9. ____ no homework left, the pupils could do whatever they liked.
A. There being B. There had
C. There to be D. There having
10. They first came to an agreement on the basic principle, the details ______ later.
A. to work it out B. having been worked out
C. to be worked out D. being worked out
11. The purse _______, the young man went to the police for help.
A. not yet found B. hasn’t been found
C. being not found D. not having yet found
12. _______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.
A. Other things being equal B. Were other things equal
C. To be equal to other thing D. Other things to be equal
13. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.
A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled
14. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _______ for the day.
A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished
15. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _______ for a meal to be cooked.
A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid
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一. 完型（2015丰台一模）
Though she had been in a coma(昏迷) for nearly six months, it was still a 1 when my grandmother passed away. I was not yet thirteen when she 2 . I’d understood that death awaited her, but in those first moments of knowing, I could not
3 that “eventually” had finally come to pass.
Friends came to the funeral home to pay their last respects to my grandmother and to show their support for my mother. Not 4 where to be or what to do, I stayed off to the side. The 5 finally ended with the arrival of my friend Kelly.
Kelly and I had been friends ever since she was three and I was four. We were “home” friends, the kind who rode bikes together after school, went 6 to a KFC a few blocks away, even though we weren’t allowed to leave the block.
At the funeral home, Kelly came right to me. In her hands were two packages of M&M’s. Kelly knew that was one of my 7 . We had often taken long trips to the store for 8 . We sat in the back, eating M&M’s and talking quietly. A 9 experience had suddenly become easier to bear, with a childhood offering of chocolates and the 10 of a devoted friend.
Trying to come up with something to offer a heartbroken person is 11 . Kelly had understood, even at twelve, that there wasn’t much she could do to reduce my pain _12 be there with me and bring something that just might make me 13 .
Now, whenever Kelly and I find ourselves at a funeral home for a family member of ours, the other has always shown up 14 M&M’s, a small offering of 15 to take the edge off the hovering sorrow. We’ve 16 that when we’re old, the one who dies first will have a crazy old lady throwing M&M’s into her grave. M&M’s will 17 be significant to me. They will 18 me that even when something as painful and powerful as 19 comes to claim what’s most important to me, there will always be Kelly… and her chocolate.
M&M’s, melt (溶解) in your 20 , not in your hand.
1.
A. shock
B. topic
C. story
D. custom
2.
A. returned
B. died
C. cried
D. recovered
3.
A. tell
B. pretend
C. find
D. believe
4.
A. knowing
B. seeing
C. guessing
D. planning
5.
A. activity
B. introduction
C. ceremony
D. awkwardness
6.
A. directly
B. separately
C. secretly
D. hurriedly
7.
A. collections
B. favorites
C. presents
D. choices
8.
A. dolls
B. pens
C. dresses
D. chocolates
9.
A. valuable
B. familiar
C. painful
D. previous
10.
A. duty
B. dream
C. company
D. greeting
11.
A. strange
B. clever
C. difficult
D. reasonable
12.
A. but
B. or
C. so
D. and
13.
A. think
B. wonder
C. smile
D. jump
14.
A. for
B. with
C. at
D. by
15.
A. cheer
B. excitement
C. reward
D. patience
16.
A. worried
B. remembered
C. suspected
D. joked
17.
A. even
B. always
C. also
D. merely
18.
A. warn
B. promise
C. require
D. remind
19.
A. darkness
B. pressure
C. death
D. failure
20.
A. mouth
B. heart
C. arms
D. eyes
二. 书面表达
假如你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，你将参加学校举行的英语口语，请根据以下提示写一篇竞选稿。
担任班长，深受好评；
组织和沟通能力强；
英语口语好，乐于助人；
当选后的打算。
注意：
词数不少于50；
可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Hi everyone! I’m Li Hua from Class One, Grade Three. Today I’m very glad to run for Chairman of the Oral English Club._____________________________________________________________
_______________________.
I sincerely hope you will give me a chance and vote for me. Thank you.
第二节 (20分)
假如你是红星中学高二（1）班的学生李华，最近你校开展了诚信教育（Honesty Education）系列活动，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，为校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文，记述你和同学们参与活动的全过程。
注意：1. 词数不少于60；
2. 短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
宣誓：take an oath 无人监考：no-invigilation exam
Recently to carry forward the value of honesty. A variety of activities have been held in our school.___________
Unit 5 Enjoy novels-语法篇
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1. 掌握独立主格的定义；
2. 掌握独立主格的解题方法；
独立主格结构
1. 构成:
独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分(分词, 不定式, 名词, 代词, 形容词, 副词或介词短语)构成, 在语法上是一个独立的短语, 不是句子, 在意思上依附于整个句子。构成如下:
(1) 名词(代词) + 现在分词, 过去分词
(2) 名词(代词) + 形容词
(3) 名词(代词) + 副词
(4) 名词(代词) + 不定式
(5) 名词(代词) + 介词短语
2. 独立主格结构的特点:
(1) 独立主格结构的作用相当于状语从句, 可表示时间, 原因, 条件, 行为方式或伴随情况;
(2) 独立主格结构可置于句首, 也可以放在句尾;
(3) 独立主格结构主要用于书面语;
(4) 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句中的语法主语不同, 不指同一个人或同一事物;
(5) 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同, 它独立存在;
(6) 名词或代词与后面的分词, 形容词, 副词, 不定式, 介词等是主谓关系;
(7) 独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开
(8) 过去分词表示被动，逻辑主语承受动作；分词的完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。
e.g. 1) The test finished, we began our holiday.
= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
2) The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
3) Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
4) He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
5) He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
3. with 的复合结构作独立主格
表伴随时, 既可用分词的独立结构, 也可用with的复合结构。其结构如下:
(1) with + 名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语
(2) with + 名词/代词宾格 + 分词
(3) with + 名词/代词宾格 + 不定式
(4) with + 名词/代词宾格 + 形容词/副词
(5) with + 名词/代词宾格 + 名词
e.g. 1) The teacher entered the classroom, with a book in his hand.
2) The classroom is very bright with all the lights turned on.
3) I can’t go out, with a lot of work to do.
4) Don’t talk with your mouth full.
5) He fought the tiger with a stick as his only weapon.
4. 独立主格结构的句法功能
(1) 作时间状语
e.g. The meeting over, they left the hall.
(2) 作原因状语
e.g. My watch having been lost, I didn’t know what time it was.
(3) 作条件状语
e.g. Time permitting, I shall go to the cinema with you.
(4) 描述伴随行为或补充说明
e.g. Mary entered the room, with a big apple in her hand.
He stood there, with his hands in his pockets.
1. ____________ her father, the little girl ran to him, her schoolbag ________ behind her.
A. Seeing; flying B. Seen; flown C. To see; to fly D. Seeing; was flying
解析: 第一空相当于when the little girl saw her father, 其可改为seeing her father;第二空考查独立主格结构做伴随状语。
答案: A
2. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ____________ them.
A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows
解析: 句意“这对老夫妇经常晚饭后在公园散步，他们的宠物狗跟着他们”。考查非谓语动词作宾补。首先排除D。在with复合结构中，非谓语动词的逻辑主语their pet dog与follow是主动关系，排除C。A项不定式表示将要发生的事情，不符合题意。
答案: B
3. All his time________ the local people out of poverty, he has no time for his sick mother.
A. devoting to helping B. devoted to helping
C. devoting to help D. devoted to help
解析: devote 和time是被动关系，所以要用过去分词作逻辑谓语构成独立主格结构。devote…to doing sth.把、、、、、、投入到做某事上。句意“他把所有的时间都投入到了帮助当地人摆脱贫困上面了，没有时间顾及他生病的母亲。
答案: B
4. The party will be held in the garden, weather ____________ (permit).
解析: 句意“如果天气允许，派对将会在花园里举行”。考查非谓语动词作状语。逗号前为一个完整的句子，逗号之后应该为，分析句子结构可知此处为独立主格结构。名词weather 与permit之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
答案: permitting
5. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some __________(have) a life span of around 20 years.
解析：句意“蝙蝠是一种寿命长得惊人的生物，一些蝙蝠的寿命可长达约20年”。题干中并没有从属连词或并列连词，设空处应为非谓语动词， some having a life span of around 20 years 位独立主格结构作状语。
答案: having
6. We ________(arrive)there, the sun was rising in the east.
解析：考查独立主格结构。根据句子结构可知逗号前应是状语，不能是句子。故用独立主格结构。
答案： arriving
7. All things _________(consider), her suggestion is of greater value than yours.
解析：考查独立主格结构。此处all things 是逻辑主语，considered是过去分词，意为“被考虑”。
答案： considered
8. He got up late and hurried to his office, _________(leave) the breakfast untouched.
解析：句意“他起晚了，然后匆忙赶到办公室，早饭根本没动”。考查非谓语动词作状语。根据句子结构可知此处用现在分词leaving作结果状语。
答案： leaving
基础演练
一. 单选
1. The thief stood before the policeman，__________ admitting what he had done．
A. with his drooping head B. drooping his head
C. raising his head D. with his head down
2. __________，he can't go out for a walk as usual．
A. With so much work to do B. With so much work doing
C. With so much work done D. Without so much work to do
3. It's quite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth __________ and his eyes __________．
A. closed；open B. closed；opened
C. closing；open D. closing；opening
4. All things __________，the plan trip will have to be called off．
A. be considered B. considered
C. considering D. having considering
5. __________，we have to get down to business right away．
A. As there was no time left B. There is no time left
C. There being no time left D. There to be no time left
6. __________ yesterday，we went out for a walk．
A. As a fine day B. It was a fine day
C. It being a fine day D. For it was a fine day
7. The old man stood there，__________．
A. with back against the wall B. with his back against the wall
C. with back against wall D. his back against wall
二. 用独立主格结构改写下列句子。
1. The girl left the office and there were tears in her eyes.
2. Since there was no bus, we had to walk home.
3. The soldier entered the room and his nose was red with cold.
4. If all things are considered, I think we ought to give the job to Mike.
5. The thief was brought to the police station and his hands were tied to the back.
6. We set out for the cave and a native villager acted as our guide.
Keys：
一. 1—5 DAABC 6—7 CB
二. 1. The girl left the office, tears in her eyes.
2. There being no bus, we had to walk home.
3. The soldier entered the room, his nose red with cold.
4. All things considered, I think we ought to give the job to Mike.
5. The thief was brought to the police station, his hands tied to the back.
6. We set out for the cave, a native villager acting as our guide.
巩固提高
1. ______ no bus, we had to walk home.
A. There was B. There being C. Because there being
2. ____, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon.
A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Time's permitting
3. _____, we all went home happily.
A. Goodbye was said B. Goodbye had been said
C. Goodbye said D. When goodbye said
4. _____, we all went swimming in high spirits.
A. It being fine weather B. It fine weather
C. It was fine weather D. It being a fine weather
5. ____, the bus started at once.
A. The signal was given B. The signal giving
C. The signal given D. When the signal given
6. She stood there, _____ from her cheeks.
A. tears' rolling down B. tears rolled down
C. with tears rolled down D. tears rolling down
7. ____, the leaves are turning green.
A. When spring coming on B. Spring coming on
C. Spring came on D. Spring being come on
8. _____, I had to buy a new one.
A. My dictionary losing B. My dictionary having been lost
C. My dictionary had been lost D. Because my dictionary lost
9. I used to sleep with the window _____.
A. opened B. open C. opening D to open
10. ____, the hunter went into the forest.
A. A gun on shoulder B. A gun was on his shoulder
C. Gun on shoulder D. A gun being on shoulder
11. ____ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
12. With a lot of work ____, I have to sit up tonight.
A. do B. doing C. done D. to do
13. He stood there silently, his lips_____.
A. trembling B. trembled C. were trembling D. were trembling
14. _____, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.
A. All things considering B. All things considered
C. All things were considered D. With all things were considered
15. ______, we will surely succeed.
A. The teacher helping us B. The teacher to help us
C. The teacher will help us D. With the teacher helping
Keys：
1-5 BCCAC 6-10 DBBBC 11-15 CDABB
1. ____ I attended the meeting instead of him last Monday.
A. He was ill B. His being ill
C. Him being ill D. He being ill
2. ____, I’ll go over all these lessons before the exam.
A. If time permit will B. Time permits
C. If time permitted D. Time permitting
3. _____, he drew a conclusion.
A. The experiment B. The experiment making
C. The experiment having been done D. The experiment made
4. _____ tomorrow, I couldn’t go to the cinema tonight.
A. The exam to be held B. The exam will hold
C. The exam holds D. The exam holding
5. ______, her paper is of greater value than yours.
A. All things be considered B. All things considered
C. All things having considering D. All things considering
6. A new technique ___, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.
A. working out B. having worked out
C. having been worked out D. to have been worked out
7. The decision ____, the next problem was how to make a good a good plan.
A. having made B. having been making
C. having been made D. been made
8. The teacher walked into the classroom ____.
A. with a book in hand B. hand with a book
C. being with a book in hand D. to have a book in hand
9. ____ no homework left, the pupils could do whatever they liked.
A. There being B. There had
C. There to be D. There having
10. They first came to an agreement on the basic principle, the details ______ later.
A. to work it out B. having been worked out
C. to be worked out D. being worked out
11. The purse _______, the young man went to the police for help.
A. not yet found B. hasn’t been found
C. being not found D. not having yet found
12. _______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.
A. Other things being equal B. Were other things equal
C. To be equal to other thing D. Other things to be equal
13. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.
A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled
14. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _______ for the day.
A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished
15. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _______ for a meal to be cooked.
A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid
Keys:
1-5 DDCAB 6-10 CCCAC 11-15 AABBA
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一. 完型（2015丰台一模）
Though she had been in a coma(昏迷) for nearly six months, it was still a 1 when my grandmother passed away. I was not yet thirteen when she 2 . I’d understood that death awaited her, but in those first moments of knowing, I could not
3 that “eventually” had finally come to pass.
Friends came to the funeral home to pay their last respects to my grandmother and to show their support for my mother. Not 4 where to be or what to do, I stayed off to the side. The 5 finally ended with the arrival of my friend Kelly.
Kelly and I had been friends ever since she was three and I was four. We were “home” friends, the kind who rode bikes together after school, went 6 to a KFC a few blocks away, even though we weren’t allowed to leave the block.
At the funeral home, Kelly came right to me. In her hands were two packages of M&M’s. Kelly knew that was one of my 7 . We had often taken long trips to the store for 8 . We sat in the back, eating M&M’s and talking quietly. A 9 experience had suddenly become easier to bear, with a childhood offering of chocolates and the 10 of a devoted friend.
Trying to come up with something to offer a heartbroken person is 11 . Kelly had understood, even at twelve, that there wasn’t much she could do to reduce my pain _12 be there with me and bring something that just might make me 13 .
Now, whenever Kelly and I find ourselves at a funeral home for a family member of ours, the other has always shown up 14 M&M’s, a small offering of 15 to take the edge off the hovering sorrow. We’ve 16 that when we’re old, the one who dies first will have a crazy old lady throwing M&M’s into her grave. M&M’s will 17 be significant to me. They will 18 me that even when something as painful and powerful as 19 comes to claim what’s most important to me, there will always be Kelly… and her chocolate.
M&M’s, melt (溶解) in your 20 , not in your hand.
1.
A. shock
B. topic
C. story
D. custom
2.
A. returned
B. died
C. cried
D. recovered
3.
A. tell
B. pretend
C. find
D. believe
4.
A. knowing
B. seeing
C. guessing
D. planning
5.
A. activity
B. introduction
C. ceremony
D. awkwardness
6.
A. directly
B. separately
C. secretly
D. hurriedly
7.
A. collections
B. favorites
C. presents
D. choices
8.
A. dolls
B. pens
C. dresses
D. chocolates
9.
A. valuable
B. familiar
C. painful
D. previous
10.
A. duty
B. dream
C. company
D. greeting
11.
A. strange
B. clever
C. difficult
D. reasonable
12.
A. but
B. or
C. so
D. and
13.
A. think
B. wonder
C. smile
D. jump
14.
A. for
B. with
C. at
D. by
15.
A. cheer
B. excitement
C. reward
D. patience
16.
A. worried
B. remembered
C. suspected
D. joked
17.
A. even
B. always
C. also
D. merely
18.
A. warn
B. promise
C. require
D. remind
19.
A. darkness
B. pressure
C. death
D. failure
20.
A. mouth
B. heart
C. arms
D. eyes
二. 书面表达
假如你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，你将参加学校举行的英语口语，请根据以下提示写一篇竞选稿。
担任班长，深受好评；
组织和沟通能力强；
英语口语好，乐于助人；
当选后的打算。
注意：
词数不少于50；
可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Hi everyone! I’m Li Hua from Class One, Grade Three. Today I’m very glad to run for Chairman of the Oral English Club._____________________________________________________________
_______________________.
I sincerely hope you will give me a chance and vote for me. Thank you.
第二节 (20分)
假如你是红星中学高二（1）班的学生李华，最近你校开展了诚信教育（Honesty Education）系列活动，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，为校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文，记述你和同学们参与活动的全过程。
注意：1. 词数不少于60；
2. 短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
宣誓：take an oath 无人监考：no-invigilation exam
Recently to carry forward the value of honesty. A variety of activities have been held in our school.___________
Keys:
一. 完型
1-5 ABDAD 6-10 CBDCC 11-15 CACBA 16-20 DBDCB
二. 书面表达
第一节
Hi everyone！I’m Li Hua from Class One，Grade Three. Today I am very glad to run for Chairman of the Oral English Club. I think I’m competent for the position. As monitor of my class，I often get thumbs up from my classmates and teachers. My experience counts a lot for my good organization skills. And I’m a good communicator. Most importantly，my English is fluent. If you want to improve your English，I’m always ready to help you.
If I’m lucky enough to be elected as chainman，I will arrange some activities for you，such as English Comer，English parties and so on. I sincerely hope you will give me a chance and vote for me. Thank you.
1. 诚信主题班会； 2. 诚信宣誓；
3. 参加无人监考考试； 4. 获得表彰。
第二节
Recently, to carry forward the value of honesty, a variety of activities have been held in our school. Our class also got involved in it. We held an honesty-themed class meeting.
All the students discussed what honesty meant to us and brought forward various ideas about how to encourage honest behaviors. Finally we agreed on trying no-invigilation exams. Then led by our monitor, we took an oath that we would take any test honestly without invigilators. In the following exams, we did as that we had promised. The result was amazing: no one cheated and we felt a stronger self-respect and responsibility.
A good deed speaks for itself and we got an award as an Honest Class. Honesty in the best policy. How true it is!
Unit 5 Enjoy novels-词汇篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
1. 掌握常考词汇的运用；
2. 掌握句型的运用；
一. 单词扫描
1. 【辨析】 decline, refuse, reject, deny
这四个词都有“拒绝”的意思，但它们有细微的区别：
decline指对别人的邀请、请求、建议、帮助等有礼貌地谢绝。
refuse指对别人的请求、要求等更直率地，有时是不客气地拒绝，比decline的语气强。
reject语气较强，常用于外交、贸易条款之类的正式场合。
deny指不准许、拒绝给予机会或计划等。
2. ill
Two idioms about “ill” are “speak ill of sb” and “think ill of sb”. Their meanings are “to speak or think bad things about sb”. 说……的坏话, 把……往坏处想.
e.g. Don’t speak ill of the dead.
对死去的人, 别说他的短处。
3. mistake
Mistake as a noun:
e.g. Don’t worry, we all have mistakes.
没关系, 我们都会犯错。
You must try to learn from your mistakes.
你得从所犯的错误中吸取教训。
The waiter made a mistake in the bill.
服务员算错了帐。
Mistake as a verb:
Mistake sb/sth for sb/sth
e.g. I think you must be mistaking me for someone else.
我看你准是认错人了。
4. authoress n. 女作家
类似的结构还有：waitress 女服务员；hostess女主人，空中小姐，(火车,巴士上)女服务员； waiter (男)侍者,服务生；author 作者；作家；host主人,东道主，节目主持人
5. recount vt. 详细讲; 叙述; 描述列举; 依次数说；重新计算,再数
He recounted all the happenings of the day.
他详细叙述那天发生的一切事情
6. oppose vt. 反对;反抗;妨碍
I am opposed to going shopping with others.
我反对与他人一起外出购物。
He is strongly opposed to the plan.
他强烈反对这一计划。
7. gifted a. 有天资的,有天赋的
He is a gifted athlete.
他是个有天赋的运动员。
8. respectable a. 值得尊敬的，名声好的;体面的
Our new neighbors are very respectable people.
我们的新邻居是十分可敬的人。
It is not respectable to spit on the sidewalk.
在人行道上吐痰是不文雅的。
区别：respectable 和respectful
respectable 指获得来自外人的尊敬，“受人尊敬的”，而respectful指对外人的尊敬，“恭敬的”。如：
No respectable girl would associate with a man like him.
没有哪个正派的姑娘愿意和他这样的人交往。
9. marry vt. & vi使某人结婚; 娶; 嫁, 和...结婚
He is going to marry Jane.
他将与简结婚。
Ben and Jill are getting married.
本和吉尔即将结婚。
注意：英文里无marry with sb的说法；表示“结婚多久了”用be married 如：
How long have you been married to Sheila?
你和希拉结婚多久了？
10. hopeless a. -less是否定后缀，意思是：不抱希望的；无望的,没有办法的
The lost hikers felt helpless.
这些迷路的徒步旅行者感到绝望。
Our position is hopeless; we'll never get out alive.
我们的处境毫无希望,我们决不可能活着出去。
11. approval n. ( vt. approve)批准;认可;赞成;同意
The plan had the approval of the school authorities.
计划得到学校当局的认可。
We went to the party with our parents' approval.
我们取得父母同意后去参加聚会。
12. growth n. 生长,成长;发育; 增长;增加
Exercise and good food are important to the proper growth of a child.
运动和营养好的食物对孩子的正常发育十分重要。
the recent growth in / of violent crime
近期暴力罪行的增加
13. hail vt. 向...欢呼;为...喝彩; 承认...为;拥立(+as); 招呼
The people lined the street to hail the invincible general.
人们排列在街的两旁向常胜将军欢呼。
They hailed him king.
他们拥立他为王。
An old friend hailed me from across the street.
一个老朋友在马路对面和我打招呼。
14. critic n. 批评家,评论家; 持批评态度的人;吹毛求疵的人,爱挑剔的人
He is a very famous film critic.
他是一个很有名气的电影评论家。
15. possess vt. 拥有,持有;具有;占有
The country possesses rich mineral deposits.
这个国家拥有丰富矿藏。
16. generous a. 慷慨的(+with/in/to); 宽宏大量的(+to/towards);大量的;丰盛的
She is generous in giving help.
她乐于助人。
She gave me a generous lunch.
她请我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。
17. sequence n. 连续;接连;一连串(+of); 次序;顺序;先后
Farmers met with a sequence of bad harvests.
农民们遇到了接二连三的坏收成。
18. inspect vt. 检查;审查; 检阅;视察
They inspected the roof for leaks.
他们检查了屋顶看看是否有漏隙。
Health Department officials came to inspect the factory.
卫生部的官员来视察这个工厂。
19. chain n. 链,链条;项圈; 一系列;连锁,连续; 连锁店(chain store)
The dog was fastened to a post with/by a chain.
那条狗被用链条拴在柱子上。
The traffic accident led to a chain of events.
交通事故引起了一连串的事件。
20. discount n vt. 折扣; 打折扣;将...打折扣;将商品打去...折扣
We give a special discount of 10 per cent for cash.
如用现金购买,我们给予九折优待。
21.decline vi. & vt. 下降,下跌;减少;衰退,衰落; 婉拒;谢绝
As one grows older, one's memory declines.
人的记忆力随着年龄增长而衰退。
Unemployment declined to 4 percent last month.
上个月失业率降至百分之四。
22. enquire vi. 询问;查询(+about/for); 调查(+into)
I enquired about trains to New York.
我查问有关去纽约的火车开行情况。
We will enquire into the matter.
我们将调查这事。
23. rejoice vi. & vt. 欣喜,高兴; 庆祝,欢乐; 使高兴,使欣喜
I rejoice to hear of your promotion.
听说你高升我非常高兴。
We all rejoiced at/over the good news.
我们都为这一消息感到高兴。
24. initial a. 开始的,最初; 在（字）开头的
His initial reaction was one of shock.
他最初的反应是震惊。
25. fault n. 缺点,毛病,缺陷, 错误
Every man has his faults.
人无完人,金无足赤。
Faults are thick where love is thin.
一朝情谊淡，样样不顺眼。
26. sensible a. 明智的;合情理的, 意识到的,察觉到的(+of)
Be sensible and take your umbrella.
聪明些，把伞带上吧。
I am sensible of my error.
我认识到自己的错误了。
二. 句式突破
1. Can you believe that there used to be a consensus in society that opposed to the writing of novels by authoresses?
你相信从前社会上存在着反对女子写小说的舆论吗？
(1) there used to be … 曾经有……
e.g. There used to be a bridge over that river.
那条河上曾经有一座桥。
(2) consensus n. 意见一致
reach consensus on 在……方面达成共识
e.g. There is a growing consensus of opinion on this issue.
对这个问题的看法日趋一致。
2. Clearly this restriction must have operated at a time when there was no equality of opportunity for women.
很明显这种局限性在男女不平等的时代必然存在过。
(1) “must have + 过去分词” 表示对过去事情的肯定的猜测。
e.g. It must have rained heavily last night, for the ground is still wet this morning.
昨天晚上肯定下过大雨, 因为今天早上的地面还是湿的。
(2) when there was no equality of opportunity for women 为定语从句, 先行词为a time.
(3) equality n. 平等
e.g. All three children have equality in our family.
在我们家三个孩子都是平等的。
3. Perhaps you think that discrimination of this kind was in force a very long time ago because, after all, it is a very old-fashioned idea.
或许你会认为这种类型的歧视只会在很久以前才有影响, 因为毕竟这是一种很落伍的想法。
(1) be in force 有效, 有影响
e.g. The new safety regulations are now in force.
新的安全规则现已生效。
(2) after all 终究, 毕竟
e.g. It has turned out to be a nice day after all.
天终归转晴了。
4. Those who got round this ban were:…, and the writer known as George Eliot.
绕过对女子写小说的限制的人有：……；以及人们称之为乔治●艾略特的作家。
(1) get round
① They have got round the difficulty by writing to the headmaster.( 顺利应付; 克服)
② Some people tried to get round the tax laws, but in vain. (规避、回避（法律、规章等）
③ The boy is trying to get round his father to buy him a bicycle.
（用讨好卖乖的手段）说服某人同意, 哄骗某人依顺，笼络某人”)
④ The news has got round that a hospital will be built in the village.（消息等）传开
【拓展】
get about / around 随意走走；传播
get in 进入；收割
get over 克服；从（惊吓、打击或病中）恢复过来
get through 通过；完成；接通
get together 聚会；联欢
(2) known as George Eliot 为过去分词短语作定语修饰 the writer, 相当于who was known as George Eliot.
5. After Jane Austen, authoresses found it an even more hopeless task to publish novels under their own names.
在简奥斯汀之后, 女作家们发现用真名出版小说更加无望。
(1) found 后用 it 作形式宾语, an even more hopeless task 为宾补, 不定式短语 to publish novels under their own names 为真正的宾语。
(2) under one’s name 以某人的名字
e.g. He doesn’t write under his own name.
他的写作不署自己的真名。
6. Skeptical reviewers did not see through this deception and gave their approval to their work.
生性多疑的评论家们没有看穿这层伪装, 而且对她们的作品大加赞扬。
see through 识破, 看穿
e.g. Nobody saw through his disguise.
没有人识破他的伪装。
7. Being immediately hailed as “the masterwork of a great genius”, Jane Eyre became a great success.
《简. 爱》一出版，立即被誉为“伟大天才的杰作”，获得了巨大的成功。
(1) Being immediately hailed as…,为分词短语作原因状语，其逻辑主语为Jane Eyre
(2) hail v. 热情地承认某人/某事物为…
e.g. The book was hailed as a masterpiece.
这本书被誉为杰作。
8. The book was a revelation after the more reserved feelings expressed in Jane Austen's novels.
同简. 奥斯汀小说中表达的那种较为含蓄的感情相比，《简. 爱》算是一种直接的表露。
(1) revelation n. 显露, 表露
e.g. His Hamlet was revelation to the critics.
他扮演的哈姆雷特使评论界耳目一新。
(2) expressed in Jane Austen’s novels 是过去分词短语作定语修饰feelings, 相当于which were expressed in Jane Austen’s novels.
9. Her novels examined the morally ambiguous concessions people make in their lives in order to succeed.
她的小说探讨了人们在生活中为了取得成功在道德上所作的模糊的退让。
(1) ambiguous adj. 暧昧的; 意向不明的
e.g. This is an ambiguous sentence.
这是一个意向不明的句子。
(2) concession n. 妥协, 让步
e.g. That is a great concession.
那是一个很大的让步。
(3) people make in their lives in order to succeed是省略了关系代词的定语从句, 先行词为concessions。
10. Among them Charles Dickens (1812-1870) stands out as a literary critic of the injustices of his society.
在这些作家中，查尔斯. 狄更斯（1812-1870）作为社会不公正问题文学批评家是出众的。
【用法展示】
stand out意为“杰出；出色；更为重要；显眼”。常见搭配为：
stand out (as sth.) 和 stand out (from / against sth.)。
e.g. In this list, two names stand out particularly.
In the National Young Singer TV Contest, she stood out from all the singers.
Alexander Pope stood out as a most famous poet in England in the 18th century.
【联想】
outstanding adj. 杰出的。
e.g. Kong Lingui is an outstanding ping-pong player.
孔令辉是一个杰出的乒乓球运动员。
11. His novels describe the hardships of poor people who did not possess money or a sponsor to smooth their path.
他的小说描绘了穷人生活的艰辛：他们或身无分文，或者缺乏赞助人帮助他们铺平前进的道路。
(1) who did not … their path 是定语 从句, 先行词为poor people。
(2) possess v. 拥有
e.g. They possess property all over the world.
他们拥有世界各地的财产。
(3) smooth v. 弄平, 铺平
e.g. This agreement will smooth the way for peace.
这个协议将为和平铺平道路。
12.“In vain have I struggled!”
in vain 徒然，徒劳
e.g. We tried in vain to make him change his mind.
我们想使他改变主意，结果是白费心机。
All our work was in vain.
所有的工作都白干了。
13. At length he asked, “And this is all the reply that I am to have! …
at length 最后，详细地
e.g. At length the bus arrived, forty minutes late.
公共汽车终于来了, 晚了四十分钟。
1. Anyway, I can’t cheat him-it’s against all my ___________.
A. emotions B. principles C. regulations D. opinions
2.---Are you still mad at her?
---Not really, but I can’t_________ that her remarks hurt me.
A. deny B. refuse C. reject D. decline
3. They did everything in their power to save the building dating back to the Qing Dynasty, but their efforts were__________.
A. in turn B. in time C. in vain D. in need
4. Overseas Chinese are particularly sought out for positions _________ a high degree or leadership is required..
A.where B.which C. when D. what
5. I think he’s determined that he won’t give in—see if you can __________ the stubborn man.
A. get round B. wipe out C.take over D. see through
基础演练
Ⅰ. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。
1. They are selling old-fashioned clothes at a ______ (折扣) of 30%.
2. They asked me to their party, but I ______ (拒绝) the invitation politely.
3. The drunken driver ignored the traffic ______ (信号) and caused an accident.
4. We overcame all kinds of ______ (障碍) and difficulties and succeeded at length.
5. The boss was accused of having ______ (偏见) against his women employees.
6. It was most ______ (慷慨的) of you to share your food with me.
Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Think before you act. Don’t come to a decision ______ (hasty).
2. The girl went to the party with the ______ (approve) of her parents.
3. They were comrades fighting hand in hand with all kinds of ______ (just).
4. In some countries black people do not have ______ (equal) with white people in the past.
5. What you’ve said sounds ______ (sense), but I won’t agree with you this time.
6. Owing to the ______ (limit) of our knowledge, there must be mistakes in the book.
7. Having been defeated many times, they now feel ______ (hope) about their future.
Ⅲ. 选用合适的短语，并用其适当形式填空。
against one’s will; at length; do everything in one’s power to; in force; in vain; see through; stand out; straight away; think ill of; under the name of
1. He is living ______ Bird, but Smith is his real name.
2. We waited for nearly 40 minutes and ______ the train arrived.
3. Don’t try to play a trick on me! I can ______ your little game.
4. The old law will remain ______ until the new law is passed.
5. Well, if I were you, I’d go to the police station ______ and report it.
6. Her father tried to persuade her to go back home with him, but ______.
7. You will surely be ______ if you don’t behave yourself at the party.
8. What made the Smiths angry was that their son married a black girl ______.
9. He is kind-hearted and is always ready to ______ help those in trouble.
10. The book ______ as one of the landmarks in the progress of modern science.
巩固提高
Ⅰ.Complete this passage using these words in the correct form.
generous twist contradiction stand out obstacle hopeless ambiguous evident literary growth
There seems to be a strong ____1_______ in the life of Charlotte Bront?. She was extremely short, plain and shy yet she wrote about heroines who overcame many ____2____ in their search for love and personal happiness. Her life also had so many restrictions that some people thought it would be ___3____ for her to find a husband who would ___4_____ as being worthy of her.
But after her brother and sisters died she found happiness. Her father, however, opposed the marriage and refused to go to the wedding. He was very proud that her books were considered masterpieces in the __5_____ world.
So he felt that it was ___6___ she could not be happy with a husband who was poor and unimportant. This attitude upset Charlotte who longed for a more ___7_____ response from her father. But Mr. Bront? was a reserved man who found it difficult to express his ____8_____ feelings about her marriage.
Later, he feared that she would die and it was only the ___9___ in her happiness and his comfort that helped him to accept the match. In fact Charlotte was very happy with her husband, but sadly she became sick and died shortly after it was confirmed that she was pregnant.
In a __10__ of fate, her husband and her father were left alone to care for each other.
Ⅱ. Replace the underlined parts with words or phrases from the text that are similar in meaning. You may have to change the sentence sometimes.
1. Women in the 19th century wanted the same opportunities as men to choose their careers.
2. If they wanted to succeed, women authors had to publish their novels using men’s names.
3. I had no family, friend or relative to help me gain a better position.
4. In the 19th century everybody agreed that women should not work.
5. Elizabeth’s unreasonable dislike of Mr. Darcy changed as she got to know him better.
6. Most people are upset if they see someone mistreating a child.
7. I don’t know how to persuade my father to let me go to the pop concert.
8. I could never lie to her because I know she would recognize the deception straight away.
9. It is now against the law to treat people unfairly because of their race or sex.
10. The best footballers in England are members of the top football League.
1. —I have been offered a job. Can I accept it?
—It’s ______ you.
A. according to B. due to C. up to D. because of
2. You don’t let me have a try. If I took this work, I ______ another way.
A. will adopt B. would adopt C. adopt D. adopted
3. This jacket’s too big, even with a sweater ______.
A. above B. outside C. beyond D. underneath
4. I’m very busy at the moment but I hope to ______ answering your letter next week.
A. get through with B. do with C. set down to D. get round to
5. He managed to escape from Germany after the war and lived abroad for years ______ White.
A. after the name of B. under the name of
C. of the name of D. in the name of
6. And she would ______ from everybody else with her bright colored caps.
A. get out B. set out C. speak out D. stand out
7. More time ______，we should have done it much better.
A. giving B. gives C. given D. gave
8. She married him of her own choice against her parents’ ______.
A. thought B. will C. opinion D. idea
9. ______ nothing to do, we went home.
A. There was B. There being C. There to be D. It being
10. The new secretary is a quick, ______ worker, and the boss is quite satisfied with her.
A. efficient B. frequent C. messy D. effective
11. Gone are the days when women were looked down upon, and the idea of ________ of opportunity for men and women has come here to stay.
A. equality B. quality C. quantity D. reality
12. Mary ______ her sister in appearance but not in character.
A. resembles B. recounts C. rejoices D. resolves
13. Next to acquiring good friends, the best acquisition is ______ of good books.
A. it B. one C. this D. that
14. Mike’s a good salesman, but his cold manner does ______ put people off.
A. intend to B. mean to C. tend to D. want to
15. It didn’t take long for them to ______ the cheat, who pretended to be an expert in this field.
A. look through B. go through C. see through D. live through
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一. 单选（2015丰台一模）
1. His early comedies were filmed ____ black and white.
A. of B. with C. in D. by
2. I’m not sure where my necklace is, but I have a pretty good idea who ____it.
A. take B. took C. had taken D. will take
3. ____most people come here for skiing; there are plenty of other things to do.
A. Although B. Once C. Since D. If
4. The food ____in this way keeps fresh.
A. prepare B. preparing C. to prepare D. prepared
5. ____to the house owner, the designer had a clear idea of what to do.
A. To talk B. Talked C. Having talked D. Being talked
6. My office wasn’t far from Chinatown, ____ I found some very good Chinese restaurants.
A. which B. whose C. when D. where
7. Whenever I’m in trouble, I hear a voice ____in my head “you can do it”.
A. to ring B. ring C. rung D. having rung
8. With a little more care, you____ the traffic accident. It’s lucky that you just hurt you arm.
A. can avoid B. avoided C. have avoided D. could have avoided
9. Sam’s bakery ____ a partnership with a local coffee company. Now they serve great coffee.
A. has formed B. would formed C. is forming D. will form
10. The book I wrote last year ____ and it will soon come out.
A. printed B. will printed C. was printed D. is being printed
11. ____online course can produce good results remains to be seen.
A. That B. Whether C. Who D. where
12. —Excuse me, where can I get my car filled up?
—There are gas stations at ____end of the block.
A. both B. neither C. either D. all
13. Wonderful friend, a show on Hunan TV, is about ____ people get along with animals.
A. how B. what C. why D. who
14. The road ____ next week leads to Highway 62.
A. building B. to build C. to be built D. built
15. Although the test ____ look like a simple one, great care is needed.
A. may B. must C. should D. need
二. 阅读理解
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Sunshine Sports Centre
One of the most modern sports centres in town, the Sunshine Sports Centre is not just a sports club but much more!
Facilities
With a swimming pool for adults and teens, and a smaller one for children, our centre has something for all the members of the family. Parents can relax while children play in the water. For anybody who is interested in competitive sports, our volleyball, tennis and basketball courts are the ideal place to work off stress.
Whether you just want to keep in shape, lose some weight or build your strength, there’s the gym with its super-modern equipment and three personal trainers to look after you and answer all your questions. They can also give you general advice about healthy eating and dieting.
Lessons
It doesn’t matter if you’re five or eighty-five, there’s something for you at the Sunshine Sports Centre! We offer personal training in all sports if you want it, but there are also group lessons for all sports if you prefer teamwork.
Kids and teenagers
Take advantage of our special offer for younger members. For members between five and sixteen years old, there are special lessons in water polo, competitive swimming and diving. There are many classes for all levels of swimmers, with a lifeguard on duty from 9:00 am when the pool opens until it closes at 7:00 pm.
Social events
Sunshine Sports Centre is not only for sport! You can enjoy a delicious meal at our restaurant or have a milkshake with your friends on the balcony overlooking the swimming pool and the courts. In addition, there are lovely gardens where families or friends can have a picnic! To celebrate a birthday, there is no better place than the Sunshine Sports Centre.
So, come on! Sign up for Sunshine Sports Centre today!
16. In Sunshine Spots Centre ________.
A. people can have birthday parties
B. lifeguards are on duty 24 hours a day
C. children are not allowed to swim alone
D. special lessons in driving are offered to adults
17. People can ask personal trainers for advice when they ________.
A. learn to swim B. sign up C. build strength D. play basketball
18. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. explain the rules of the sports centre
B. attract people to the sports centre
C. persuade people to play sports
D. show the benefits of sports
B
I’ve always felt a bit sad for weekend fathers, who are divorced and must maintain a bond with their children through visits on the weekend. Not having the opportunity for a lot of quality time, they go in for quantity — giving lots of gifts and taking the children on non-stop outings.
But now I can understand. I’m a weekend mom. My child, Henry, is a dog.
Henry just returned to his father, Jack, after a happy stay with me. For ten days, I fed him the best food, canceled plans to stay home with him and let him sleep on the bed every night.
Jack and I broke up a year ago. But neither of us wanted to part with Henry, so we share him. Not surprisingly, Henry is a willing participant in our contest for his love.
Jack doesn’t let Henry sleep on his bed, so that’s where I can always gain big points. I feed Henry higher-quality food. I am always replacing his expensive “thingy”, a cotton knot he likes chewing on. It’s his favorite toy, and the only one he has is at my house. Score another one for me.
Jack now has a girlfriend, Lucy. At first she was afraid of dogs, which secretly delighted me. But that Henry, just trying to be polite (the way I taught him to be), won her over.
If truth be told, as time passes, there has been a slight change in Henry’s behavior towards me. The worst was one day when Jack dropped him off for a two-week stay. Henry and I were in the backyard playing as Jack was driving off. When he heard Jack’s truck, he ran after it for two blocks until Jack had to stop and bring him back.
That hurt, especially since I had friends over at the time. In a rare conciliatory (安抚的) mood, Jack said to me, “You know, I’m his best friend, but you’ll always be his mom.”
Whatever it takes, I plan to make sure it stays that way.
At the writer’s home, Henry .
does a lot of running B. enjoys high-quality food
C. has many expensive toys D. is not allowed to sleep on her bed
The writer feels hurt because .
Jack has got a girlfriend
Lucy doesn’t like Henry at all
Jack doesn’t treat Henry as well as before
Henry’s attitude to her has changed slightly
The article is mainly about .
the tips on keeping dogs
the writer’s happy life with a dog
the writer’s efforts to win a dog’s love
the relationship between the writer and Jack
The writer wrote the passage in a/an way.
Humorous B .serious C. angry D. painful
C
This is a story told or children of young ages. The heroine（女主人公）, Cinderella, treated cruelly by her stepmother and her two ugly stepsisters, is helpless until the right magic comes along. She meets her prince and they live together happily.
Just a sweet, pretty tale? Not in the view of Ellen Macintosh, who has written much about fairy tales. Ellen's main concern is with what the story implies. “Instead of standing up to her cruel stepmother and stepsisters, Cinderella just waits for a fairy godmother to appear and solve her problem. But wouldn't you want a daughter of yours to show more spirit?"
The story is long-lasting, whatever its shortcomings, and it doesn't take much to see its influence on a number of recent Hollywood productions. In these versions for the silver screen, the Cinderella character no longer has to clean the house and has no sisters to make her life terrible, though she keeps the way of not showing much courage. The character of the rich and handsome stranger, however, is kept, and in some cases really is a prince. The role of the fairy godmother is often played by luck; we live in a civilized age when even very young children might reject the idea of fairies. In the majority of film versions, the heroine has a professional and is even permitted to continue work after marry her prince--this is the twenty-first century, after all.
Doesn't the success of these films indicate that the story has relevance to children even today? “Yes." admits Ellen, who sees its message as being rooted in a fundamental childhood desire for love and attention. "Most children experience a sense of inner loneliness as they are growing up and empathize with (与…共鸣）the character who faces some sort of challenge . This can be seen in the original story of Cinderella, when the fairy godmother tells the heroine that she must learn to be gracious and confident if she is to go to the ball. She has to grow spiritually, and by maturing, she becomes attractive to the prince, thus ensuring that the ending of the story will be happy." "In the later versions, this element(因素）is missing，"says Ellen. “and the theme of story is simply that a girl's role in life is to be more beautiful than other girls so that she can carry off the prize : the handsome prince. Is this really what we want girls to grow up believing?"
23. Why does Ellen disapprove of the Cinderella story?
A. The plot is too simple.
B. The description is now vivid.
C. The heroine is not brave enough.
D. The story is unfit for the children today.
24. In the film versions of the Cinderella story, ___.
A. Luck plays an important role in the heroine's happy life
B. Cinderella's family background remains unchanged
C. the heroine becomes a successful career woman
D. the character of the prince is removed
25. According to Ellen, the film versions of the story_____.
A. Succeed because of the happy ending
B. ignore the children’s psychological need
C. deliver a mistake message that beauty is everything
D. reflect modern people's attitude toward challenges in life
What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To analyze the characters of the Cinderella story.
B. To introduce different versions of the Cinderella story.
C. To explain the changes of the Cinderella story over time.
D. To present a different understanding of the Cinderella story.
D
School Counseling(咨询)
In our grandparents’ time, it was unthinkable. In our parents’ time, it was unusual and nobody spoke openly about counseling. These days, more and more schools are asking for this service and it is considered a necessity for most. Why is it? What has changed in the last fifty years to have made counseling at schools so important?
“One reason is that we expect schools to do more to protect their pupils than we did in the past,” says school counselor, Mike Hudson. “Also, our society doesn’t work as well as it should. Many parents are either under pressure of work or face the economic problems of unemployment, while children are under more and more pressure to do well at school. Many pupils feel they are pushed to their limits by their parents and teachers.”
Most school children face some kind of relationship problem at some stage with family members, teachers or other pupils, so it helps to have somebody to talk to. From the pupil’s point of view, it is easier to talk to a counselor in confidence rather than a family member or teacher. This solution is less embarrassing to pupils, who are not forced to face the person that they had problems with in the first place. They can calmly talk things through without arguments.
School counselors advise not only students but also their teachers and parents, and offer other services as well, such as deciding learning disabilities or assisting parents and guardians to make the correct decisions about their children’s education.
Counselor’s can help students with problems ranging from the most serious, like a death in the family, to what an adult would consider really trivial, like an argument with a friend.
In a society that is becoming more and more stressful, this service is providing children with a supportive way to express their fear and worries.
27. Why is school counseling becoming important?
A. Pupils are not well protected in school.
B. Parents can’t help their children in learning.
C. Parents and pupils are under too much pressure.
D. The relationship between parents and schools is worse.
28. According to the passage, school counselors________.
A. bear high pressure themselves
B. are the guarantee of school success
C. have more responsibilities than teachers
D. are more likely to be accepted when pupils have problems
29. The underlined word “trivial” in Para.5 probably means_______.
A. unimportant B. puzzling C. difficult D. urgent
30. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The development of school counseling.
B. The reasons for school counseling’s popularity.
C. The advantages and disadvantages of school counseling.
D. The comparison of the past and present school counseling.
第二节
Personal Shoppers
I was shopping with Thomas, who has been working as a personal shopper for the past five years. “Personal shoppers are in great demand these days,” he told me as we were walking past designer clothes shops.__31__He said that there were many people who wanted to be fashionable, but they didn’t know where to start. They needed a professional to advise them.
But why? I always call my best friend to help me find the perfect dress, not a stranger！
“__32__The first thing I do is help my customer improve their image. I teach them to choose colors and clothes that suit them, and how to use make-up,” Thomas told me. “Then I organize the customer’s wardrobe.__33__The third service has to do with actual shopping: the personal shopper and the customer visit shops and buy clothes according to the customer’s personality, lifestyle and needs.”
Of course, each of the above services costs between 150 and 225 euros! __34__“Most of my customers are rich business people who call me for important meetings or business parties,” explained Thomas. “However, I also work for people in all kinds of jobs and for retired men and women who want a change of look.”
We spent the rest of the day shopping. Every time we came out of a shop, we had one more bag. In the end, I went home with a beautiful dress, two pairs of trousers, some lovely tops and a couple of coats. I’d never had a shopping day like this before! I admit that I’d spent more than I usually do, but I wouldn’t have found such beautiful clothes without Thomas.__35__
A. I can help in three different ways.
B. I asked him why this had happened.
C. It depends on the customer’s preferences.
D. I might even throw away some old clothes.
E. I just wish personal shoppers were a bit cheaper!
F. People need help with choosing the right clothes.
G. I just wonder how many people have this kind of money to spend.
Unit 5 Enjoy novels-词汇篇
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
1. 掌握常考词汇的运用；
2. 掌握句型的运用；
一. 单词扫描
1. 【辨析】 decline, refuse, reject, deny
这四个词都有“拒绝”的意思，但它们有细微的区别：
decline指对别人的邀请、请求、建议、帮助等有礼貌地谢绝。
refuse指对别人的请求、要求等更直率地，有时是不客气地拒绝，比decline的语气强。
reject语气较强，常用于外交、贸易条款之类的正式场合。
deny指不准许、拒绝给予机会或计划等。
2. ill
Two idioms about “ill” are “speak ill of sb” and “think ill of sb”. Their meanings are “to speak or think bad things about sb”. 说……的坏话, 把……往坏处想.
e.g. Don’t speak ill of the dead.
对死去的人, 别说他的短处。
3. mistake
Mistake as a noun:
e.g. Don’t worry, we all have mistakes.
没关系, 我们都会犯错。
You must try to learn from your mistakes.
你得从所犯的错误中吸取教训。
The waiter made a mistake in the bill.
服务员算错了帐。
Mistake as a verb:
Mistake sb/sth for sb/sth
e.g. I think you must be mistaking me for someone else.
我看你准是认错人了。
4. authoress n. 女作家
类似的结构还有：waitress 女服务员；hostess女主人，空中小姐，(火车,巴士上)女服务员； waiter (男)侍者,服务生；author 作者；作家；host主人,东道主，节目主持人
5. recount vt. 详细讲; 叙述; 描述列举; 依次数说；重新计算,再数
He recounted all the happenings of the day.
他详细叙述那天发生的一切事情
6. oppose vt. 反对;反抗;妨碍
I am opposed to going shopping with others.
我反对与他人一起外出购物。
He is strongly opposed to the plan.
他强烈反对这一计划。
7. gifted a. 有天资的,有天赋的
He is a gifted athlete.
他是个有天赋的运动员。
8. respectable a. 值得尊敬的，名声好的;体面的
Our new neighbors are very respectable people.
我们的新邻居是十分可敬的人。
It is not respectable to spit on the sidewalk.
在人行道上吐痰是不文雅的。
区别：respectable 和respectful
respectable 指获得来自外人的尊敬，“受人尊敬的”，而respectful指对外人的尊敬，“恭敬的”。如：
No respectable girl would associate with a man like him.
没有哪个正派的姑娘愿意和他这样的人交往。
9. marry vt. & vi使某人结婚; 娶; 嫁, 和...结婚
He is going to marry Jane.
他将与简结婚。
Ben and Jill are getting married.
本和吉尔即将结婚。
注意：英文里无marry with sb的说法；表示“结婚多久了”用be married 如：
How long have you been married to Sheila?
你和希拉结婚多久了？
10. hopeless a. -less是否定后缀，意思是：不抱希望的；无望的,没有办法的
The lost hikers felt helpless.
这些迷路的徒步旅行者感到绝望。
Our position is hopeless; we'll never get out alive.
我们的处境毫无希望,我们决不可能活着出去。
11. approval n. ( vt. approve)批准;认可;赞成;同意
The plan had the approval of the school authorities.
计划得到学校当局的认可。
We went to the party with our parents' approval.
我们取得父母同意后去参加聚会。
12. growth n. 生长,成长;发育; 增长;增加
Exercise and good food are important to the proper growth of a child.
运动和营养好的食物对孩子的正常发育十分重要。
the recent growth in / of violent crime
近期暴力罪行的增加
13. hail vt. 向...欢呼;为...喝彩; 承认...为;拥立(+as); 招呼
The people lined the street to hail the invincible general.
人们排列在街的两旁向常胜将军欢呼。
They hailed him king.
他们拥立他为王。
An old friend hailed me from across the street.
一个老朋友在马路对面和我打招呼。
14. critic n. 批评家,评论家; 持批评态度的人;吹毛求疵的人,爱挑剔的人
He is a very famous film critic.
他是一个很有名气的电影评论家。
15. possess vt. 拥有,持有;具有;占有
The country possesses rich mineral deposits.
这个国家拥有丰富矿藏。
16. generous a. 慷慨的(+with/in/to); 宽宏大量的(+to/towards);大量的;丰盛的
She is generous in giving help.
她乐于助人。
She gave me a generous lunch.
她请我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。
17. sequence n. 连续;接连;一连串(+of); 次序;顺序;先后
Farmers met with a sequence of bad harvests.
农民们遇到了接二连三的坏收成。
18. inspect vt. 检查;审查; 检阅;视察
They inspected the roof for leaks.
他们检查了屋顶看看是否有漏隙。
Health Department officials came to inspect the factory.
卫生部的官员来视察这个工厂。
19. chain n. 链,链条;项圈; 一系列;连锁,连续; 连锁店(chain store)
The dog was fastened to a post with/by a chain.
那条狗被用链条拴在柱子上。
The traffic accident led to a chain of events.
交通事故引起了一连串的事件。
20. discount n vt. 折扣; 打折扣;将...打折扣;将商品打去...折扣
We give a special discount of 10 per cent for cash.
如用现金购买,我们给予九折优待。
21.decline vi. & vt. 下降,下跌;减少;衰退,衰落; 婉拒;谢绝
As one grows older, one's memory declines.
人的记忆力随着年龄增长而衰退。
Unemployment declined to 4 percent last month.
上个月失业率降至百分之四。
22. enquire vi. 询问;查询(+about/for); 调查(+into)
I enquired about trains to New York.
我查问有关去纽约的火车开行情况。
We will enquire into the matter.
我们将调查这事。
23. rejoice vi. & vt. 欣喜,高兴; 庆祝,欢乐; 使高兴,使欣喜
I rejoice to hear of your promotion.
听说你高升我非常高兴。
We all rejoiced at/over the good news.
我们都为这一消息感到高兴。
24. initial a. 开始的,最初; 在（字）开头的
His initial reaction was one of shock.
他最初的反应是震惊。
25. fault n. 缺点,毛病,缺陷, 错误
Every man has his faults.
人无完人,金无足赤。
Faults are thick where love is thin.
一朝情谊淡，样样不顺眼。
26. sensible a. 明智的;合情理的, 意识到的,察觉到的(+of)
Be sensible and take your umbrella.
聪明些，把伞带上吧。
I am sensible of my error.
我认识到自己的错误了。
二. 句式突破
1. Can you believe that there used to be a consensus in society that opposed to the writing of novels by authoresses?
你相信从前社会上存在着反对女子写小说的舆论吗？
(1) there used to be … 曾经有……
e.g. There used to be a bridge over that river.
那条河上曾经有一座桥。
(2) consensus n. 意见一致
reach consensus on 在……方面达成共识
e.g. There is a growing consensus of opinion on this issue.
对这个问题的看法日趋一致。
2. Clearly this restriction must have operated at a time when there was no equality of opportunity for women.
很明显这种局限性在男女不平等的时代必然存在过。
(1) “must have + 过去分词” 表示对过去事情的肯定的猜测。
e.g. It must have rained heavily last night, for the ground is still wet this morning.
昨天晚上肯定下过大雨, 因为今天早上的地面还是湿的。
(2) when there was no equality of opportunity for women 为定语从句, 先行词为a time.
(3) equality n. 平等
e.g. All three children have equality in our family.
在我们家三个孩子都是平等的。
3. Perhaps you think that discrimination of this kind was in force a very long time ago because, after all, it is a very old-fashioned idea.
或许你会认为这种类型的歧视只会在很久以前才有影响, 因为毕竟这是一种很落伍的想法。
(1) be in force 有效, 有影响
e.g. The new safety regulations are now in force.
新的安全规则现已生效。
(2) after all 终究, 毕竟
e.g. It has turned out to be a nice day after all.
天终归转晴了。
4. Those who got round this ban were:…, and the writer known as George Eliot.
绕过对女子写小说的限制的人有：……；以及人们称之为乔治●艾略特的作家。
(1) get round
① They have got round the difficulty by writing to the headmaster.( 顺利应付; 克服)
② Some people tried to get round the tax laws, but in vain. (规避、回避（法律、规章等）
③ The boy is trying to get round his father to buy him a bicycle.
（用讨好卖乖的手段）说服某人同意, 哄骗某人依顺，笼络某人”)
④ The news has got round that a hospital will be built in the village.（消息等）传开
【拓展】
get about / around 随意走走；传播
get in 进入；收割
get over 克服；从（惊吓、打击或病中）恢复过来
get through 通过；完成；接通
get together 聚会；联欢
(2) known as George Eliot 为过去分词短语作定语修饰 the writer, 相当于who was known as George Eliot.
5. After Jane Austen, authoresses found it an even more hopeless task to publish novels under their own names.
在简奥斯汀之后, 女作家们发现用真名出版小说更加无望。
(1) found 后用 it 作形式宾语, an even more hopeless task 为宾补, 不定式短语 to publish novels under their own names 为真正的宾语。
(2) under one’s name 以某人的名字
e.g. He doesn’t write under his own name.
他的写作不署自己的真名。
6. Skeptical reviewers did not see through this deception and gave their approval to their work.
生性多疑的评论家们没有看穿这层伪装, 而且对她们的作品大加赞扬。
see through 识破, 看穿
e.g. Nobody saw through his disguise.
没有人识破他的伪装。
7. Being immediately hailed as “the masterwork of a great genius”, Jane Eyre became a great success.
《简. 爱》一出版，立即被誉为“伟大天才的杰作”，获得了巨大的成功。
(1) Being immediately hailed as…,为分词短语作原因状语，其逻辑主语为Jane Eyre
(2) hail v. 热情地承认某人/某事物为…
e.g. The book was hailed as a masterpiece.
这本书被誉为杰作。
8. The book was a revelation after the more reserved feelings expressed in Jane Austen's novels.
同简. 奥斯汀小说中表达的那种较为含蓄的感情相比，《简. 爱》算是一种直接的表露。
(1) revelation n. 显露, 表露
e.g. His Hamlet was revelation to the critics.
他扮演的哈姆雷特使评论界耳目一新。
(2) expressed in Jane Austen’s novels 是过去分词短语作定语修饰feelings, 相当于which were expressed in Jane Austen’s novels.
9. Her novels examined the morally ambiguous concessions people make in their lives in order to succeed.
她的小说探讨了人们在生活中为了取得成功在道德上所作的模糊的退让。
(1) ambiguous adj. 暧昧的; 意向不明的
e.g. This is an ambiguous sentence.
这是一个意向不明的句子。
(2) concession n. 妥协, 让步
e.g. That is a great concession.
那是一个很大的让步。
(3) people make in their lives in order to succeed是省略了关系代词的定语从句, 先行词为concessions。
10. Among them Charles Dickens (1812-1870) stands out as a literary critic of the injustices of his society.
在这些作家中，查尔斯. 狄更斯（1812-1870）作为社会不公正问题文学批评家是出众的。
【用法展示】
stand out意为“杰出；出色；更为重要；显眼”。常见搭配为：
stand out (as sth.) 和 stand out (from / against sth.)。
e.g. In this list, two names stand out particularly.
In the National Young Singer TV Contest, she stood out from all the singers.
Alexander Pope stood out as a most famous poet in England in the 18th century.
【联想】
outstanding adj. 杰出的。
e.g. Kong Lingui is an outstanding ping-pong player.
孔令辉是一个杰出的乒乓球运动员。
11. His novels describe the hardships of poor people who did not possess money or a sponsor to smooth their path.
他的小说描绘了穷人生活的艰辛：他们或身无分文，或者缺乏赞助人帮助他们铺平前进的道路。
(1) who did not … their path 是定语 从句, 先行词为poor people。
(2) possess v. 拥有
e.g. They possess property all over the world.
他们拥有世界各地的财产。
(3) smooth v. 弄平, 铺平
e.g. This agreement will smooth the way for peace.
这个协议将为和平铺平道路。
12.“In vain have I struggled!”
in vain 徒然，徒劳
e.g. We tried in vain to make him change his mind.
我们想使他改变主意，结果是白费心机。
All our work was in vain.
所有的工作都白干了。
13. At length he asked, “And this is all the reply that I am to have! …
at length 最后，详细地
e.g. At length the bus arrived, forty minutes late.
公共汽车终于来了, 晚了四十分钟。
1. Anyway, I can’t cheat him-it’s against all my ___________.
A. emotions B. principles C. regulations D. opinions
解析：句意“无论如何我都不能欺骗他-这违背我的原则”。考查名词辨析。principle常用复数形式，意为“行为准则，规范”；emotion情感，情绪；regulation规章制度，规则；opinion意见，看法，想法。
答案：B
2.---Are you still mad at her?
---Not really, but I can’t_________ that her remarks hurt me.
A. deny B. refuse C. reject D. decline
解析：句意“—你还在生她的气吗？—不那么生气了，不过，我不能否认她的话伤害了我”。考查动词辨析。deny否认，否定；refuse拒绝；reject拒绝，抵制；decline衰退，减少。
答案： A
3. They did everything in their power to save the building dating back to the Qing Dynasty, but their efforts were__________.
A. in turn B. in time C. in vain D. in need
解析：句意“他们做了在他们权利范围之内的任何事情去拯救追溯到清朝的建筑，但是他们的努力白费了”。考查介词短语。根据句意尤其是but提示作用可知选C“徒劳”。A 轮流；B 及时；D 需要。
答案： C
4. Overseas Chinese are particularly sought out for positions _________ a high degree or leadership is required..
A.where B.which C. when D. what
解析：句意：需要高学位和领导才能的职位特别物色海外的中国人。考查定语从句。先行词position，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，选A。
答案： A
5. I think he’s determined that he won’t give in—see if you can __________ the stubborn man.
A. get round B. wipe out C.take over D. see through
解析：句意“我想他已经下定决心不让步了，看看你能否说服这个顽固之人吧”。考查动词短语。A说服； B 全部摧毁； C 接任；D 识破。根据句意选择A。
答案：A
基础演练
Ⅰ. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。
1. They are selling old-fashioned clothes at a ______ (折扣) of 30%.
2. They asked me to their party, but I ______ (拒绝) the invitation politely.
3. The drunken driver ignored the traffic ______ (信号) and caused an accident.
4. We overcame all kinds of ______ (障碍) and difficulties and succeeded at length.
5. The boss was accused of having ______ (偏见) against his women employees.
6. It was most ______ (慷慨的) of you to share your food with me.
Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Think before you act. Don’t come to a decision ______ (hasty).
2. The girl went to the party with the ______ (approve) of her parents.
3. They were comrades fighting hand in hand with all kinds of ______ (just).
4. In some countries black people do not have ______ (equal) with white people in the past.
5. What you’ve said sounds ______ (sense), but I won’t agree with you this time.
6. Owing to the ______ (limit) of our knowledge, there must be mistakes in the book.
7. Having been defeated many times, they now feel ______ (hope) about their future.
Ⅲ. 选用合适的短语，并用其适当形式填空。
against one’s will; at length; do everything in one’s power to; in force; in vain; see through; stand out; straight away; think ill of; under the name of
1. He is living ______ Bird, but Smith is his real name.
2. We waited for nearly 40 minutes and ______ the train arrived.
3. Don’t try to play a trick on me! I can ______ your little game.
4. The old law will remain ______ until the new law is passed.
5. Well, if I were you, I’d go to the police station ______ and report it.
6. Her father tried to persuade her to go back home with him, but ______.
7. You will surely be ______ if you don’t behave yourself at the party.
8. What made the Smiths angry was that their son married a black girl ______.
9. He is kind-hearted and is always ready to ______ help those in trouble.
10. The book ______ as one of the landmarks in the progress of modern science.
Keys:
Ⅰ. 1. discount 2. declined 3. signal 4. obstacles 5. prejudice 6. generous
Ⅱ. 1. hastily 2. approval 3. injustices 4. equality 5. sensible 6.limitation 7. hopeless
Ⅲ. 1. under the name of 2. at length 3. see through 4. in force 5. straight away 6. in vain 7. thought ill of 8. against their will 9. do everything in his power to 10. stands out
巩固提高
Ⅰ.Complete this passage using these words in the correct form.
generous twist contradiction stand out obstacle hopeless ambiguous evident literary growth
There seems to be a strong ____1_______ in the life of Charlotte Bront?. She was extremely short, plain and shy yet she wrote about heroines who overcame many ____2____ in their search for love and personal happiness. Her life also had so many restrictions that some people thought it would be ___3____ for her to find a husband who would ___4_____ as being worthy of her.
But after her brother and sisters died she found happiness. Her father, however, opposed the marriage and refused to go to the wedding. He was very proud that her books were considered masterpieces in the __5_____ world.
So he felt that it was ___6___ she could not be happy with a husband who was poor and unimportant. This attitude upset Charlotte who longed for a more ___7_____ response from her father. But Mr. Bront? was a reserved man who found it difficult to express his ____8_____ feelings about her marriage.
Later, he feared that she would die and it was only the ___9___ in her happiness and his comfort that helped him to accept the match. In fact Charlotte was very happy with her husband, but sadly she became sick and died shortly after it was confirmed that she was pregnant.
In a __10__ of fate, her husband and her father were left alone to care for each other.
Ⅱ. Replace the underlined parts with words or phrases from the text that are similar in meaning. You may have to change the sentence sometimes.
1. Women in the 19th century wanted the same opportunities as men to choose their careers.
2. If they wanted to succeed, women authors had to publish their novels using men’s names.
3. I had no family, friend or relative to help me gain a better position.
4. In the 19th century everybody agreed that women should not work.
5. Elizabeth’s unreasonable dislike of Mr. Darcy changed as she got to know him better.
6. Most people are upset if they see someone mistreating a child.
7. I don’t know how to persuade my father to let me go to the pop concert.
8. I could never lie to her because I know she would recognize the deception straight away.
9. It is now against the law to treat people unfairly because of their race or sex.
10. The best footballers in England are members of the top football League.
Keys:
Ⅰ. 1. contradiction 2. obstacles 3. hopeless 4. stand out 5. literary 6. evident 7. generous
8. ambiguous 9. growth 10. twist
Ⅱ.1. equality of opportunity 2. under men’s name 3. sponsors 4. there was a consensus 5. prejudice against 6. abusing 7. get round 8. see through
9. discriminate against people 10. premier
1. —I have been offered a job. Can I accept it?
—It’s ______ you.
A. according to B. due to C. up to D. because of
2. You don’t let me have a try. If I took this work, I ______ another way.
A. will adopt B. would adopt C. adopt D. adopted
3. This jacket’s too big, even with a sweater ______.
A. above B. outside C. beyond D. underneath
4. I’m very busy at the moment but I hope to ______ answering your letter next week.
A. get through with B. do with C. set down to D. get round to
5. He managed to escape from Germany after the war and lived abroad for years ______ White.
A. after the name of B. under the name of
C. of the name of D. in the name of
6. And she would ______ from everybody else with her bright colored caps.
A. get out B. set out C. speak out D. stand out
7. More time ______，we should have done it much better.
A. giving B. gives C. given D. gave
8. She married him of her own choice against her parents’ ______.
A. thought B. will C. opinion D. idea
9. ______ nothing to do, we went home.
A. There was B. There being C. There to be D. It being
10. The new secretary is a quick, ______ worker, and the boss is quite satisfied with her.
A. efficient B. frequent C. messy D. effective
11. Gone are the days when women were looked down upon, and the idea of ________ of opportunity for men and women has come here to stay.
A. equality B. quality C. quantity D. reality
12. Mary ______ her sister in appearance but not in character.
A. resembles B. recounts C. rejoices D. resolves
13. Next to acquiring good friends, the best acquisition is ______ of good books.
A. it B. one C. this D. that
14. Mike’s a good salesman, but his cold manner does ______ put people off.
A. intend to B. mean to C. tend to D. want to
15. It didn’t take long for them to ______ the cheat, who pretended to be an expert in this field.
A. look through B. go through C. see through D. live through
Keys:
1-5 CBDDB 6-10 DCBBA 11-15 AADCC
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一. 单选（2015丰台一模）
1. His early comedies were filmed ____ black and white.
A. of B. with C. in D. by
2. I’m not sure where my necklace is, but I have a pretty good idea who ____it.
A. take B. took C. had taken D. will take
3. ____most people come here for skiing; there are plenty of other things to do.
A. Although B. Once C. Since D. If
4. The food ____in this way keeps fresh.
A. prepare B. preparing C. to prepare D. prepared
5. ____to the house owner, the designer had a clear idea of what to do.
A. To talk B. Talked C. Having talked D. Being talked
6. My office wasn’t far from Chinatown, ____ I found some very good Chinese restaurants.
A. which B. whose C. when D. where
7. Whenever I’m in trouble, I hear a voice ____in my head “you can do it”.
A. to ring B. ring C. rung D. having rung
8. With a little more care, you____ the traffic accident. It’s lucky that you just hurt you arm.
A. can avoid B. avoided C. have avoided D. could have avoided
9. Sam’s bakery ____ a partnership with a local coffee company. Now they serve great coffee.
A. has formed B. would formed C. is forming D. will form
10. The book I wrote last year ____ and it will soon come out.
A. printed B. will printed C. was printed D. is being printed
11. ____online course can produce good results remains to be seen.
A. That B. Whether C. Who D. where
12. —Excuse me, where can I get my car filled up?
—There are gas stations at ____end of the block.
A. both B. neither C. either D. all
13. Wonderful friend, a show on Hunan TV, is about ____ people get along with animals.
A. how B. what C. why D. who
14. The road ____ next week leads to Highway 62.
A. building B. to build C. to be built D. built
15. Although the test ____ look like a simple one, great care is needed.
A. may B. must C. should D. need
二. 阅读理解
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Sunshine Sports Centre
One of the most modern sports centres in town, the Sunshine Sports Centre is not just a sports club but much more!
Facilities
With a swimming pool for adults and teens, and a smaller one for children, our centre has something for all the members of the family. Parents can relax while children play in the water. For anybody who is interested in competitive sports, our volleyball, tennis and basketball courts are the ideal place to work off stress.
Whether you just want to keep in shape, lose some weight or build your strength, there’s the gym with its super-modern equipment and three personal trainers to look after you and answer all your questions. They can also give you general advice about healthy eating and dieting.
Lessons
It doesn’t matter if you’re five or eighty-five, there’s something for you at the Sunshine Sports Centre! We offer personal training in all sports if you want it, but there are also group lessons for all sports if you prefer teamwork.
Kids and teenagers
Take advantage of our special offer for younger members. For members between five and sixteen years old, there are special lessons in water polo, competitive swimming and diving. There are many classes for all levels of swimmers, with a lifeguard on duty from 9:00 am when the pool opens until it closes at 7:00 pm.
Social events
Sunshine Sports Centre is not only for sport! You can enjoy a delicious meal at our restaurant or have a milkshake with your friends on the balcony overlooking the swimming pool and the courts. In addition, there are lovely gardens where families or friends can have a picnic! To celebrate a birthday, there is no better place than the Sunshine Sports Centre.
So, come on! Sign up for Sunshine Sports Centre today!
16. In Sunshine Spots Centre ________.
A. people can have birthday parties
B. lifeguards are on duty 24 hours a day
C. children are not allowed to swim alone
D. special lessons in driving are offered to adults
17. People can ask personal trainers for advice when they ________.
A. learn to swim B. sign up C. build strength D. play basketball
18. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. explain the rules of the sports centre
B. attract people to the sports centre
C. persuade people to play sports
D. show the benefits of sports
B
I’ve always felt a bit sad for weekend fathers, who are divorced and must maintain a bond with their children through visits on the weekend. Not having the opportunity for a lot of quality time, they go in for quantity — giving lots of gifts and taking the children on non-stop outings.
But now I can understand. I’m a weekend mom. My child, Henry, is a dog.
Henry just returned to his father, Jack, after a happy stay with me. For ten days, I fed him the best food, canceled plans to stay home with him and let him sleep on the bed every night.
Jack and I broke up a year ago. But neither of us wanted to part with Henry, so we share him. Not surprisingly, Henry is a willing participant in our contest for his love.
Jack doesn’t let Henry sleep on his bed, so that’s where I can always gain big points. I feed Henry higher-quality food. I am always replacing his expensive “thingy”, a cotton knot he likes chewing on. It’s his favorite toy, and the only one he has is at my house. Score another one for me.
Jack now has a girlfriend, Lucy. At first she was afraid of dogs, which secretly delighted me. But that Henry, just trying to be polite (the way I taught him to be), won her over.
If truth be told, as time passes, there has been a slight change in Henry’s behavior towards me. The worst was one day when Jack dropped him off for a two-week stay. Henry and I were in the backyard playing as Jack was driving off. When he heard Jack’s truck, he ran after it for two blocks until Jack had to stop and bring him back.
That hurt, especially since I had friends over at the time. In a rare conciliatory (安抚的) mood, Jack said to me, “You know, I’m his best friend, but you’ll always be his mom.”
Whatever it takes, I plan to make sure it stays that way.
At the writer’s home, Henry .
does a lot of running B. enjoys high-quality food
C. has many expensive toys D. is not allowed to sleep on her bed
The writer feels hurt because .
Jack has got a girlfriend
Lucy doesn’t like Henry at all
Jack doesn’t treat Henry as well as before
Henry’s attitude to her has changed slightly
The article is mainly about .
the tips on keeping dogs
the writer’s happy life with a dog
the writer’s efforts to win a dog’s love
the relationship between the writer and Jack
The writer wrote the passage in a/an way.
Humorous B .serious C. angry D. painful
C
This is a story told or children of young ages. The heroine（女主人公）, Cinderella, treated cruelly by her stepmother and her two ugly stepsisters, is helpless until the right magic comes along. She meets her prince and they live together happily.
Just a sweet, pretty tale? Not in the view of Ellen Macintosh, who has written much about fairy tales. Ellen's main concern is with what the story implies. “Instead of standing up to her cruel stepmother and stepsisters, Cinderella just waits for a fairy godmother to appear and solve her problem. But wouldn't you want a daughter of yours to show more spirit?"
The story is long-lasting, whatever its shortcomings, and it doesn't take much to see its influence on a number of recent Hollywood productions. In these versions for the silver screen, the Cinderella character no longer has to clean the house and has no sisters to make her life terrible, though she keeps the way of not showing much courage. The character of the rich and handsome stranger, however, is kept, and in some cases really is a prince. The role of the fairy godmother is often played by luck; we live in a civilized age when even very young children might reject the idea of fairies. In the majority of film versions, the heroine has a professional and is even permitted to continue work after marry her prince--this is the twenty-first century, after all.
Doesn't the success of these films indicate that the story has relevance to children even today? “Yes." admits Ellen, who sees its message as being rooted in a fundamental childhood desire for love and attention. "Most children experience a sense of inner loneliness as they are growing up and empathize with (与…共鸣）the character who faces some sort of challenge . This can be seen in the original story of Cinderella, when the fairy godmother tells the heroine that she must learn to be gracious and confident if she is to go to the ball. She has to grow spiritually, and by maturing, she becomes attractive to the prince, thus ensuring that the ending of the story will be happy." "In the later versions, this element(因素）is missing，"says Ellen. “and the theme of story is simply that a girl's role in life is to be more beautiful than other girls so that she can carry off the prize : the handsome prince. Is this really what we want girls to grow up believing?"
23. Why does Ellen disapprove of the Cinderella story?
A. The plot is too simple.
B. The description is now vivid.
C. The heroine is not brave enough.
D. The story is unfit for the children today.
24. In the film versions of the Cinderella story, ___.
A. Luck plays an important role in the heroine's happy life
B. Cinderella's family background remains unchanged
C. the heroine becomes a successful career woman
D. the character of the prince is removed
25. According to Ellen, the film versions of the story_____.
A. Succeed because of the happy ending
B. ignore the children’s psychological need
C. deliver a mistake message that beauty is everything
D. reflect modern people's attitude toward challenges in life
What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To analyze the characters of the Cinderella story.
B. To introduce different versions of the Cinderella story.
C. To explain the changes of the Cinderella story over time.
D. To present a different understanding of the Cinderella story.
D
School Counseling(咨询)
In our grandparents’ time, it was unthinkable. In our parents’ time, it was unusual and nobody spoke openly about counseling. These days, more and more schools are asking for this service and it is considered a necessity for most. Why is it? What has changed in the last fifty years to have made counseling at schools so important?
“One reason is that we expect schools to do more to protect their pupils than we did in the past,” says school counselor, Mike Hudson. “Also, our society doesn’t work as well as it should. Many parents are either under pressure of work or face the economic problems of unemployment, while children are under more and more pressure to do well at school. Many pupils feel they are pushed to their limits by their parents and teachers.”
Most school children face some kind of relationship problem at some stage with family members, teachers or other pupils, so it helps to have somebody to talk to. From the pupil’s point of view, it is easier to talk to a counselor in confidence rather than a family member or teacher. This solution is less embarrassing to pupils, who are not forced to face the person that they had problems with in the first place. They can calmly talk things through without arguments.
School counselors advise not only students but also their teachers and parents, and offer other services as well, such as deciding learning disabilities or assisting parents and guardians to make the correct decisions about their children’s education.
Counselor’s can help students with problems ranging from the most serious, like a death in the family, to what an adult would consider really trivial, like an argument with a friend.
In a society that is becoming more and more stressful, this service is providing children with a supportive way to express their fear and worries.
27. Why is school counseling becoming important?
A. Pupils are not well protected in school.
B. Parents can’t help their children in learning.
C. Parents and pupils are under too much pressure.
D. The relationship between parents and schools is worse.
28. According to the passage, school counselors________.
A. bear high pressure themselves
B. are the guarantee of school success
C. have more responsibilities than teachers
D. are more likely to be accepted when pupils have problems
29. The underlined word “trivial” in Para.5 probably means_______.
A. unimportant B. puzzling C. difficult D. urgent
30. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The development of school counseling.
B. The reasons for school counseling’s popularity.
C. The advantages and disadvantages of school counseling.
D. The comparison of the past and present school counseling.
第二节
Personal Shoppers
I was shopping with Thomas, who has been working as a personal shopper for the past five years. “Personal shoppers are in great demand these days,” he told me as we were walking past designer clothes shops.__31__He said that there were many people who wanted to be fashionable, but they didn’t know where to start. They needed a professional to advise them.
But why? I always call my best friend to help me find the perfect dress, not a stranger！
“__32__The first thing I do is help my customer improve their image. I teach them to choose colors and clothes that suit them, and how to use make-up,” Thomas told me. “Then I organize the customer’s wardrobe.__33__The third service has to do with actual shopping: the personal shopper and the customer visit shops and buy clothes according to the customer’s personality, lifestyle and needs.”
Of course, each of the above services costs between 150 and 225 euros! __34__“Most of my customers are rich business people who call me for important meetings or business parties,” explained Thomas. “However, I also work for people in all kinds of jobs and for retired men and women who want a change of look.”
We spent the rest of the day shopping. Every time we came out of a shop, we had one more bag. In the end, I went home with a beautiful dress, two pairs of trousers, some lovely tops and a couple of coats. I’d never had a shopping day like this before! I admit that I’d spent more than I usually do, but I wouldn’t have found such beautiful clothes without Thomas.__35__
A. I can help in three different ways.
B. I asked him why this had happened.
C. It depends on the customer’s preferences.
D. I might even throw away some old clothes.
E. I just wish personal shoppers were a bit cheaper!
F. People need help with choosing the right clothes.
G. I just wonder how many people have this kind of money to spend.
Keys:
一. 1-5 CBADC 6-10 DBDAD 11-15 BCACA
二. 16-20 ACBBD 21-25 CA CAC 26-30 DCDAB 31-35 BADGE
