深圳市宝安区2018-2019学年第一学期英语八年级上册(牛津深圳版)Unit 1-2学案及练习

8A Unit 1 学案
I. 词汇精讲
1. encyclopaedia n. 百科全书
也可以写成：encyclopedia
e.g. We bought a multimedia(多媒体) encyclopaedia.
2. human adj. 人的 n. 人
e.g. Human error caused the accident.
human beings = people = humans（推断单数形式： ）
humanity n. 人性
3. dinosaur n. 恐龙
pl. dinosaurs
e.g. The nature museum had a special exhibition(展览) of dinosaurs.
4. Italian
(1)n. 意大利人 e.g. Is she a Spanish or an Italian?
(2)n. 意大利语 e.g. The guide knows some Italian.
(3)adj. 意大利的；意大利人的；意大利语的；意大利文化的 e.g. I watch Italian football a lot.
Italy n. 意大利 e.g. Leonardo da Vinci was from Italy.
【Have a try】你能完成下列表格吗？
country
people
language
Italy
Russia
France
Japan
China
England
5. inventor n. 发明家(a person who has invented something or whose job is inventing things / someone who is the first to think of or make something)
e.g. Edison was a great inventor.
invent v. 发明；创造。通常指发明、创造出来的是以前没有的东西。
e.g. They want to invent a new kind of car to protect the environment.
invention n. 发明
e.g. I think the camera is one of the most useful inventions.
【Have a try】用invent的相关词汇填空
(1) He ___________ his first electric clock.
(2) Edison was one of the greatest ____________.
(3) Thanks to these ____________, we can live a better life now.
(4) Zhang Heng was a great ____________ in China.
(5) Who _______________ the telephone in 1876?
【词汇辨析】invent, find和discover
invent 是指创造前所未有的事物，故作“发明”解;
find (偶然)遇到，碰到，发现;
discover 本来已存在但以前未被发现的事物，故作“发现”解。
【Have a try】用invent, find或discover的适当形式填空
(1)Edison _________ the electric light bulb．
(2)I’m looking for my pen but I can’t _____ it.
(3)He ___________ America in 1492．
6. musician n. 音乐家(a person who makes music by playing or conducting / a person who has skills at playing, singing or writing music)
e.g. He wants to be a musician in the future.
music n. 音乐[U]
e.g. He likes music.
musical adj. 音乐的；关于音乐的
e.g. The mother found that her son had a musical talent.
【Have a try】用music的相关词汇填空
(1)We want some __________ to teach us music in our school.
(2)A ________ bell softly sounded somewhere in the passageway.
(3)How much do you know about classical ______?
(4)Lang Lang is one of the most popular ___________ (music) in China.
7. scientist n. 科学家
e.g. Einstein is the greatest scientist in the 20th century.
science n. 科学
e.g. More and more graduated students will study the science in the future.
scientific adj. 科学的
e.g. We should do some scientific research to find out the answer.
8. born v.出生 (a past participle of bear) 动词原形：bear v. 生（孩子）(bear-bore-born/borne)
adj. 天生的；天赋的(to describe someone who has a natural ability to do a particular activity or job / having a natural ability)
be born = come out of one’s mother’s body 出生
e.g. He has been very happy since his son was born.
Stephen was a born scientist.
be born in 出生于……（后面接地点、年份、季节、月份等）
e.g. His younger sister was born in winter.
be born on 出生于……（后面接具体某一天）
e.g. I was born on 28th July.
birth n. 出生 birthday n. 生日
9. countryside n. 乡村
e.g. From the hill there is a beautiful view of the surrounding countryside.
country n. 国家；乡村；乡下
10. intelligence n. 才智；智慧(power of learning, understanding and reasoning)
e.g. From an early age, he showed intelligence and artistic ability.
intelligent adj. 聪明的；理解力强的；有智力的
e.g. Susan is a very bright and intelligent woman.
intelligent = clever; smart; wise; bright…
【Have a try】用intelligence或intelligent填空
(1)This work requires _____________ and experience.
(2)The student gave an ____________ answer．
11. artistic adj. 有艺术天赋的(relating to or characteristic of art or artists)
e.g. Harry is a person with outstanding artistic ability.
art n. 艺术；美术
e.g. My elder sister teaches Art in a college. 我的姐姐在一所大学里教美术。
artist n. 艺术家
e.g. How did you become an artist?
12. ability n. 才能，能力(the power to do something physical or mental / the power or knowledge to do something)
pl. abilities
e.g. I have the ability to advise her to work with us.
短语：have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事
able adj. 有能力的；能干的
【Have a try】用able相关词汇填空
(1)He has the ________ to finish the work by himself.
(2)Jackson is _____ to dance very well, and many young people love him very much.
(3)He has listening, speaking, reading, and writing __________.
be able to do sth. = can do sth. 能够做某事
e.g. When will I be able to see more clearly?
【词汇辨析】be able to和can的区别：
(1)be able to强调通过努力而获得的能力，而can则强调自身已具有的能力。
(2)be able to强调一种结果， 而can只强调一种可能。
(3)be able to可以有各种时态，而can只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。
(4)can可用于表示可能性、推测、允许等情况，而be able to通常不这样用。
【Have a try】判断下列句子是否正确
You are able to use my computer.
You can use my computer.
13. perhaps adv. 可能；大概(it is possible that)
e.g. There were perhaps 500 people at the meeting.
perhaps = maybe = probably = possibly
e.g. Perhaps I will go to Hong Kong next week.
Maybe she will come to my party.
I will probably be back at 7 in the evening.
14. notebook n. 笔记本
e.g. She is writing things down in her notebook.
notebook=note(笔记)+book(书；本)是一个合成词，类似的单词有：
textbook(课本)=text(课文；文本)+book(书；本)
classmate(同班同学)=class(班级)+mate(伙伴)
seafood(海鲜)=sea(大海)+food(食物)
blackboard(黑板)=black(黑色的)+board(板)…
15. include v. 包括(have as a part; contain in addition to other parts)
e.g. The bill includes tax and service.
include = contain
【词汇辨析】include, including和included
(1)include 为动词，意为“包括，包含”，侧重指被包含着是整体的一部分。
e.g. The list includes many new names.
The book includes two chapters on grammar.
(2)including 是现在分词，在许多情况下用作介词，后面直接接宾语，含有补充说明之意。
e.g. Thirty passengers were hurt, including five children.
(3)included 是过去分词形式的形容词，在表示“包括……在内”时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后，起着补充说明的作用。
e.g. They will send you the book for fifteen dollars, postage(邮资) included.
【Have a try】用include的相关形式填空
(1)There are seven people, __________ four men.
(2)The price _________ both house and furniture.
(3)The band played many songs, __________ some of my favorites.
(4)His duties ________ teaching his own child.
(5)Amy has many friends, Johnson and Susie ________.
16. even adv. (强调出乎意料)甚至
even可以强调很多成分，如
(1)Even a child can understand this book.(强调名词)
(2)I have explained everything, but even now she doesn’t understand.(强调副词)
(3)He was very tired because he had to turn to a dictionary ten or even twenty times for reading one page of the book.(强调数词)
(4)I even forget what my mother said.(强调动词)
(5)He was afraid to go out, even for food.(强调介词短语)
17. however adv. 然而(by contrast / on the other hand)
【词汇辨析】however和but
(1)however与but意思相似。
(2)but是并列连词，连接两个并列分句；however是副词，要另起一句进行描述。
e.g. I really don’t like cheese, but I will try just a little this time.
We have many friends. However, we also have enemies.
特别提醒：but不能和although / though连用。
e.g. I am not myself today, but I will do what I can do to finish the work.
=Although/Though I am not myself today, I will do what I can do to finish the work.
(3)but只能用于句中，而however可以用于句首、句中和句末。
e.g. It was raining hard. However, we went out to look for the boy. (句首)
This was a very difficult problem. He solved it quickly, however. (句末)
The kid is five years old. He can, however, recite a lot of poems. (句中)
(4)however和后面的句子之间需要加一个逗号(，)。
【Have a try】用but或however填空
(1) Learning the guitar isn't difficult, ________ you have to practise it a lot.
(2) It was raining heavily, __________, we went out to look for the lost boy.
18. suddenly adv. 突然；忽然(quickly and unexpectedly / happen unexpectedly)
e.g. I suddenly remembered that I hadn’t locked the door.
suddenly = all of a sudden
e.g. The boy began crying all of a sudden.
sudden adj. 突然的 n. 突然发生的事
e.g. His sudden death made everybody sad.
【Have a try】用suddenly的相关词汇填空
(1)_________, a vase fell off a tall building and hurt a little boy.
(2)Everyone in the company felt sorry when they heard the news of the manager’s _______ death.
(3)The boy got the prize all of a _______.
19. nobody pron. 没有人
e.g. There is nobody in the classroom.
Nobody called the whole morning.
-body
-one
-thing
-where
some-
somebody
=
someone
something
somewhere
any-
anybody
=
anyone
anything
anywhere
no-
nobody
=
no one(要分开)
nothing
nowhere
every-
everybody
=
everyone
everything
everywhere
20. fossil n. 化石
pl. fossils
e.g. It is difficult to date(确认……年代) this fossil.
21. win v. (在比赛中)获胜；赢
过去式：won 过去分词：won 现在分词：winning
e.g. Tom won first prize in the English speaking competition last week.
【词汇辨析】win和beat的区别
(1)win指在比赛中胜出或赢得某物(奖励)。
e.g. Mary won the first place in the competition.
(2)beat (beat-beat-beaten)指在比赛中打败某人，和defeat意思近似。
e.g. I beat John at chess yesterday.
【Have a try】用win和beat的正确形式填空
(1) The man _________ 200 dollars in the game.
(2) I felt my heart ________ faster after running fast around the playground.
(3) When you _____ the drum, you feel good.
(4) In yesterday’s games, Switzerland _____ the United States two-one.
(5) He is sure he ________ the English speech contest next week.
winner n. 赢家；获胜者
22. dollar n. 元(美国、加拿大等国货币单位)
pl. dollars
e.g. The new book cost me 30 US dollars.
yuan n. (人民币)元 pl. yuan
e.g. This book cost me thirty yuan and it is a bit expensive.
综合训练
i. 根据中文意思默写单词
1. 人的 (adj.)___________________2. 恐龙 (n.)____________________
3. 发明家 (n.)___________________4. 科学家 (n.)___________________
5. 出生 (v.)___________________6. 乡村；农村 (n.)___________________
7.才智；智慧 (n.)___________________8. 才能；能力(n.) ___________________
9. 可能；大概 (adv.)___________________10. 发明(n.)___________________
11. 笔记本(n.)___________________12. 包括；包含 (v.)___________________
13. （强调出乎意料）甚(adv.)__________________14. 突然；忽然(adv.)___________________
15. 没有人(pron.)___________________16. （在比赛中）获胜，赢 (v.) ___________________
ii. 根据句意及首字母或中文意思写出单词
1. Nowadays more and more people have moved from the c_____________ into big cities.
2. The little baby could cry as soon as he was b___________.
3. I firmly believe that John has the a____________ to finish the task on time.
4. She wasn't herself yesterday. H____________, she still went to school.
5. Newton was one of the greatest British i______________ in the 17th century.
6. In the football game we_________ （获胜）against them by 5 to 0.
7. ___________（大概）this book will prove to be of some use to you in your studies.
8. There are many different kinds of mooncakes ________________（包括）fruit, coffee and ice.
9. What will you study in _________（意大利）?
10. Mike is smart, but his brother is much more ___________（聪明的;有才智的）.
iii. 根据要求写出相应单词
1. invent (写出表示人的名词) _______________2. birth (写出动词) ______________
3. intelligence (写出形容词) ____________4. able (写出名词) __________________
5. probably (写出同义词)________________6. suddenly (写出形容词) ______________
7. no one (写出同义词) ______________8. winner (写出动词) _______________
9. dollar (写出复数形式) _______________10. science (表示人的名词)______________
iv. 用Unit 1单词表里的单词的正确形式填空
1. As a(n) ___________ , he works very hard every day to do a lot of experiments to learn about the life of many plants.
2. Many people say that Bell was the ___________ of the first telephone, but some people don’t think so.
3. Do you know about World War I and World War II? If not, please look them up in that ___________.
4. Mr. Li’s parrot can imitate(模仿) ___________ voice. It can repeat what you have said.
5. Success not only depends on your ___________ but also on your hard work.
6. Remember, when you meet a new word, write it down in your ___________ and ask your teacher or friend later for help.
7. No other people have more ___________ than Thomas Edison.
8. He went past me without ___________ looking at me.
9. He looked angry. ___________ he misunderstood(误解) my words.
10. The boss asked me several questions. They ___________ “Why do you want to come to my company?”.
II. 课文细讲
Reading
1. Look it up!
look up 查阅
(1)如果look up接的是具体名词作宾语，该名词要放在look up后面。
e.g. You should look up the word in the dictionary.
(2)如果look up接的是代词作宾语，该代词要放在look和up中间。
e.g. These words are very difficult, you should look them up in the dictionary.
(3)与look有关的短语：
look after 照顾 look like 看起来像 look for 寻找 look at 看……
look over=check carefully 仔细检查 look out=watch out=take care=be careful 当心
look out of 向……看 look through 浏览；翻阅；透过……看
look forward to doing sth.=expect to do sth. 期待做某事 look around 环顾四周
【Have a try】选择正确答案
( )(1)Look ______ this book and tell me what you think of it.
A．through B．on C．into
( )(2)Look ______! There’s a train coming.
A．out B．around C．forward
( )(3)The baby is crying. Will you please ______ him while I prepare the milk?
A．care B．look at C．look after
( )(4)I’ve been looking ______ very much to coming to Beijing for a long time.
A．over B．up C．forward
2. Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia.
这个句子的正常语序为：Two articles from an encyclopaedia are here.
其中two articles from an encyclopaedia是主语，are是系动词
但当把here移到句首的时候，系动词(谓语)和主语的位置需要调换，即：
Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia.
这样的句子我们称为倒装句，倒装句是高中知识，初中阶段只需理解即可。
3. Da Vinci was born in the countryside.
(1)be born 出生
e.g. Sandy was born in Shanghai on 14 July 1998.
(2)in the countryside 在乡村；在农村
e.g. When he was a child, he lived in the countryside with his grandparents.
4. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability.
(1)from an early age 从小起；从幼年开始
from an early age = when…was young
e.g. She’s wanted to be an actress from an early age.
(2)great intelligence 非凡的智慧
(3)artistic ability 艺术才能
5. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things.
(1)as conj. 当……的时候；随着；一边……一边……
e.g. The girl sang as she walked to school.
He looked behind occasionally as he went forward in the forest.
(2)grow作为系动词意思为“渐渐变得”，后面加形容词
e.g. Those sheep grow fat and strong after summer.
(3)learn to do 学会做某事
e.g. Where did you learn to speak English?
6. His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world.
(1)one在此处是不定代词，指代后面提到的Mona Lisa这幅画。
one的用法很多，主要用法如下：
作为限定词
①表示“一个”
e.g. He can’t tell one tree from another.
②与表示时间的名词连用，用于一般地谈论过去或将来的某个时间
e.g. One night a little swallow flew over the city.
You’ll regret it one day.
③表示“唯一的一个”
e.g. He’s the one man who can do it.
It was her one great sorrow(伤心的事).
作为代词
①代替上文中出现过的单数可数名词以避免重复
e.g. The twin sisters are very much alike. It is hard to tell one from the other.
I haven’t got a pen. Can you lend me one?
②还可以和限定词(如the next, which, this, that等)或形容词连用
e.g. ---Which one do you mean? ---I mean this/that one.
Can you show me a better one?
(2)famous的最高级为the most famous。
与famous有关的短语：
be famous for 因为……而出名(后面主要接事物)
e.g. Mark Twain was famous for his novels.
be famous as 作为……而出名(后面主要接职业或身份或地位)
e.g. He is famous as a writer.
【Have a try】用famous的相关短语填空
The town _____________ a wine-producing place.
Hangzhou _____________ a tourist place.
France ______________ its fine food and wine.
7. For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines.
(1)for example 例如(用于列举上文中提到的人、事或物)
e.g. A lot of European countries are worth visiting. For example, I have been to the UK, France and Switzerland. (句首)
【词汇辨析】for example和such as的区别
①for example一般只举同类人或物中的一个为例，作插入语，可置于句首、句中或句末。
e.g. You should visit Hangzhou. Lingyin Temple, for example, is very famous. (句中)
Have you talked with her recently? Was she happy with her new job, for example? (句末)
②such as一般用来列举同类人或物中的几个例子，插在被列举的例子和前面的名词之间，且as后没有逗号，接名词或动名词(短语)。
e.g. I like sports, such as basketball and football.
【Have a try】用for example或such as填空
He has been to many countries, ________ America, Japan and Germany.
____________, air is invisible.
He, ____________, is a good student.
(2)flying machine 飞行器(flying adj. 会飞的)
8. Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.
(1)on Earth 在地球上
(2)more than 多于；超过 more than = over ≠ less than
e.g. It usually takes me more than / over half an hour to get to school every day.
I usually sleep for less than seven hours.
(3)million n. 百万
诸如hundred, thousand, million, billion, trillion等单词，
①如果前面有具体数字的话，不能在这些单词后面加s。
e.g. About three hundred students will join in this English club.
②如果前面没有具体数字的话，要在这些单词后面加s且再加of，表示“数以……计”。
e.g. Millions of people help them in different ways.
类似的短语有：
tens of 数以十计 hundreds of 数以百计 thousands of 数以千计
tens of thousands of 数以万计 hundreds of thousands of 数以十万计
millions of 数以百万计 tens of millions of 数以千万计
hundreds of millions of 数以亿计 billions of 数以十亿计
tens of billions of 数以百亿计 hundreds of billions of 数以千亿计
trillions of 数以兆计 …
(4)human being 人
注意其复数形式是在being处加s，即human beings。
单数时相当于person，复数时相当于people，也可以直接用human表示。
e.g. Human beings are much more intelligent than animals.
9. Some dinosaurs were as small as chicken. Others were as big as ten elephants.
(1) as…as 和……一样……(中间加形容词或副词)
e.g. Amy is almost as tall as her elder sister.
You can drive as fast as I can.
否定形式为：not so(as)…as
e.g. Shirley isn’t so tall as you.
【Have a try】选择正确答案
( )(1)Mike is ______ Joan.
A．as carefully as B．so careful as C．as careful as
( )(2)Alice plays ________ as Jack，but she doesn’t work ______ as Jack.?
A．as happily；as hard B．so happily；so hard C．as happy；as hardly
(2) some…, others… 一些……，另一些……
e.g. There are some strawberries on the desk. Some are sweet, others are sour.
【词汇辨析】another, other, others, the other和the others
①another泛指(指三者或三者以上中的)另一个，既可作代词又可作形容词。
②other其他的，另外的，泛指另一个，另一些。作定语时，常与可数名词复数连用，但如果前面有the, some, any, each, every及形容词性物主代词时，可与可数名词单数连用，如every other day
③others泛指别的，其他人，是other的复数形式。相当于other加可数名词复数。
④the other可作代词也可作形容词，表示(两者中的)另一个，常用于“one…the other…”的句型中。
⑤the others是the other 的复数形式，特指某一范围内“全部或其余的人或物”，只作代词用，相当于the other 加可数名词复数。
【Have a try】选择正确答案
( )(1)___________ students like sports. ___________ like watching TV and reading.
A．Some；Other B．Some；Another C．Some；Others
( )(2)Some students in our class like playing basketball. ___________ students like swimming.
A．Others B．The other C．Other
( )(3)There are two books on the desk. ___________ is mine. ___________ is hers.
A．One；Other B．Some；The other C．One；The other
( )(4)She has more concern for ___________ than for herself.
A．others B．the other C．another
( )(5)Four of them are in the classroom. What about ___________?
A．other B．the others C．another
( )(6)Do we write down all the new words every ___________ line?
A．other B．the other C．another
( )(7)I have finished this book. Please give me ___________.
A．others B．the others C．another
( )(8)I will be back in ___________ ten days.
A．another B．the other C．other
10. Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years.
for + 一段时间：持续(多久)
这样的结构可以用在一般过去时或现在完成时中，与延续性动词连用，表示某个行为或动作曾经持续过一段时间。
e.g. They swam for two hours yesterday.
The artist painted the horses for a whole day.
11. Then, suddenly, they all died out.
die out 灭绝；消失 die out = disappear
e.g. How did dinosaurs die out?
I want to teach Irish so that it won’t die out.
与die有关的短语
(1)die of 死于内因(疾病；身体本身的原因)
e.g. My grandfather died of cancer last year.
(2)die from 死于外因(车祸；火灾等外在原因)
e.g. What a poor family! They all died from the car accident which happened this morning.
【Have a try】选择正确答案
( )(1)My grandpa ________ a serious heart attack last year. I miss him very much.?
A．died of B．died from C．died out ?
( )(2)Many people ________ the serious earthquake.?
A．died of B．died from C．died out ?
( )(3)Dinosaurs all died out suddenly.
A．went out B．disappeared C．were alive?
dead adj. 死亡的 death n. 死亡
12. Nobody knows why.
(1) nobody = no one = not… anybody = not…anyone
nobody做主语时，谓语动词要用三单。
【Have a try】根据句意或所给单词的正确形式填空
He saw nobody in the room. =He ___________________ in the room.
Nobody ______(like)that person because he is selfish.
(2) why是副词，表示“为什么；……的原因”，用来说明理由。
e.g. I can’t understand. Please tell me why.
13. However, we can learn about them from their fossils.
learn about 了解；得知 learn about = know about
【词汇辨析】learn和learn about的区别
(1)learn表示“学习；学会”
e.g. Jim learns English at school.
(2)learn about表示“了解；获悉关于……的内容”
e.g. Jim learnt about the history of the UK on the Internet.
Listening
14. She can find out about many things through books.
find out 了解(到)；弄清
e.g. I found out the answer to the question.
【词汇辨析】find; find out和look for的区别
(1)find是及物动词，表示“找到”，主要强调“寻找”的结果，而不强调“寻找”的过程。
e.g. I have found my watch.
(2)look for意思是“寻找”，主要强调“寻找”的过程和动作。
e.g. What are you looking for?
They were looking for their teacher everywhere. At last they found him at the library.
(3)find out是动词短语，意思是“搞清楚；弄明白”，强调经过探询、研究、计算等而获知、得知。
e.g. Please find out when the train starts.
Jack found out the answers from two of his friends.
15. It just takes hard work and .
take在此处是“需要”的意思。
e.g. It took three people to move the piano.
Writing
16. One day, Sammy went for a walk in the mountains.
go for a walk 去散步
e.g. I go for a walk round the block every day.
类似的短语有：
go for a swim go for a drive
17. The next day, Sammy gave the money to the poor.
(1)the next day 第二天 the next day = the following day
e.g. The next day, Peter went to the park to have a walk.
(2)“the + 形容词”结构表示“……的一群人”，类似的结构有：
the rich 富人 the old 老人 the young 年轻人 the disabled 残疾人 …
More practice
18. Australia’s big attractions
attraction n. 有吸引力的地方(或事物)
e.g. There are many attractions in China.
attract v. 吸引 attractive adj. 有吸引力的
19. It was made in 1964 by John Landy.
【词汇辨析】与made有关的短语：
be made of 由……制成(看得出原材料)
be made from 由……制成(看不出原材料)
be made in 在……制造(地点/年份)
be made by 由……制造(人)
be made up of 由……组成(相当于consist of或have)
be made into 被制成……
20. The idea worked.
work在此处是“有效；行得通”的意思。
e.g. Your idea sounds good, but I don’t think it will really work.
The heat today could work in favor of the African runners.
21. Many people visited his fruit shop and took pictures of the Big Banana.
take a picture / pictures of 给……拍照
e.g. John took a picture of me when I was not looking.
注意：picture可以用photo替代
22. Soon people all over Australia began making big things.
begin doing 开始做某事
begin doing = begin to do
start doing = start to do
23. The Big Merino
merino n. 美利奴羊 pl. merinos
24. Merinos are a type of sheep.
a type of 一种……；一类…… type n. 种类；类别
与“种类”有关的短语有：
a kind of / kinds of
a sort of / sorts of
a variety of / varieties of
e.g. There are types of animals in the zoo.
25. Some places in Australia are very important to the farmers there.
be important to somebody / something 对……很重要
e.g. Fresh water is important to our daily life.
26. Inside the Big Merino, there is a small museum about the history of wool in Australia.
(1)the history of ……的历史
e.g. This book is about the history of the ancient China.
(2)wool n. 羊毛 woolen adj. 羊毛的
形似：wood n. 木 wooden adj. 木制的
27. Visitors can also climb up to the Big Merino’s head and look at the view through its eyes.
(1)climb up to 爬上；爬到
e.g. The wolf had to climb up to the ground from the trap(陷阱).
(2)look at the view 看风景
e.g. I can look at the view of the city out of my bedroom window.
(3)through prep. 通过
e.g. I could see Betty through the window.
Culture corner
28. Encyclopaedia Britannica 《不列颠百科全书》/《大英百科全书》
29. The first edition was published in 1768, and since then there have been 15 editions.
(1)edition n. 版次；版本
e.g. The second edition was published only in America.
(2)since then
e.g. Since then, Michael has lived an unusual life.
30. Together they contain about 40 million words on half a million topics.
(1)contain v. 包含(相当于include)
e.g. This drink doesn't contain any alcohol(酒精).
(2)topic n. 话题；题目
e.g. The weather is a constant(永恒的) topic of conversation in Britain.
31. You can also find it online.
online adj. 网上的；在线的
e.g. You can chat to other people who are online.
综合训练
i. 用所给短语的正确形式填空
in the countryside
human being
die out
learn about
from an early age
be born
more than
for example
1. From yesterday’s lecture, Amy some ways to improve her spoken English.
2. I am a fan of Apple products and I have already spent 100,000 yuan on iPhones, iPads and iTouches.
3. If you like shopping, you should go to Europe. , Paris is a shopping paradise for you.
4. , her parents read stories to her every night.
5. I prefer to live because the air is fresh and it is not very noisy there.
6. Before Sandy , his dad died of an accident.
7. Before can change their behavior(行为), they have to change their ways of thinking.
8. Many experts are worried that some dialects(方言) will just like dinosaurs one day.
ii. 用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. Li Lei wants to be a _________ (music) when he grows up.
2. Da Vinci created many interesting ________(draw) in his life.
3. The light bulb is a very important _________ (invent) in history.
4. Lucy showed high _________ (intelligent) from an early age.
5. It's necessary for you ________ (learn) English well.
6. Although he is very young, he is as __________ (strong) as a cow.
7. Last winter, I learnt about _________ (make) model planes from my father.
8. I have three classes to attend ________ (include) an English class.
9. Fortunately, my cousin _________ (win) a big prize the day before yesterday.
10. Look! I have found a big stone. It _________ (look) like an egg!
11. My friend Mary comes from Italy, so she is an ________(Italy)．
12. She likes listening to ______(musician)．
13. My favourite subject is ________(scientist)．
14. You’ll find that the plan _________(include)most of your suggestions.
15. Their daughter is very ____________(intelligence)．
16. This great _________(invent)invented a lot of useful ___________(invent)．
17. All the dinosaurs _____(die)out all of a sudden.
18. The whole world was sad at the ______(die)of Steve Jobs.
19. Thomas Edison was a great __________(science)．
20. From an early age, Beethoven(贝多芬)showed great _____________(intelligent)in music, and he became a great _________(music)when he grew up.
21. _________(sudden)，a fire broke out and the people rushed out of the building quickly.
22. He is a man of great ________(able)，and he can manage everything well.?
iii. 词汇测试
第一组
i. 从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项。
( ) 1. —Do your grandparents live with you in this city?
—No. They live in the countryside.
A. market B. garden C. place outside the city
( ) 2. —I think you should not play computer games during the weekdays.
—Well, perhaps you're right.
A. maybe B. finally C. hardly
( ) 3. —The air now is bad for human beings in some cities in China.
—That's terrible. We should pay more attention to the air pollution.
A. animals B. people C. plants
( ) 4. —Jerry has the ability to make new friends.
—What a smart boy!
A. is good at making B. is interested in making C. is able to make
( ) 5. —Are there dinosaurs in the world now?
—No. They died out many years ago.
A. disappeared B. remained C. doubled
( ) 6. —How many students are there in your class?
—There are more than fifty students in our class.
A. less than B. over C. only
( ) 7. —When I arrived at the party, I found I knew nobody there.
—That's impossible.
A. some people B. all people C. no one
( ) 8. —We can learn about Indian history from these books.
—I really can't agree more.
A. teach students B. think about C. get information about
ii. 根据句子意思，从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出恰当的词语完成句子。
( ) 9. A ____ can think and talk, but an animal can't.
A. human being B. machine C. children
( ) 10. If something happens____, it happens quickly and unexpectedly (意外地).
A. finally B. suddenly C. actually
( ) 11. —What should I do for everything is new?
—If someone gives you some _____to do things, you do them as he says.
A. instructions B. abilities C. numbers
( ) 12. —What should I prepare for the meeting?
—Nothing. But you'd better take a _____to write down the important information.
A. break B. picture C. notebook
( ) 13. —Candy, my class____ the basketball match.
—That's really good news. Congratulations!
A. won B. watched C. forgot
( ) 14. —How did you____ the answer to the question?
—I asked my classmates for help.
A. take out B. find out C. rush out
( ) 15. —According to the weather forecast, it is_____ cool today.
—However, it is hotter than yesterday.
A. sometimes B. even C. never
第二组
i. 从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项。
( ) 1. —Will Tom come to the party this evening?
—Perhaps he will, but I am not sure.
A. Finally B. Hardly C. Maybe
( ) 2. —This house includes five bedrooms, two living rooms and one kitchen.
—I think it's big enough for your big family.
A. adds B. has C. carries
( ) 3. —Where does your uncle prefer to live?
—He prefers to live in the countryside.
A. outside the cities and towns
B. inside the cities and towns
C. in the centre of the cities and towns
( ) 4. —Nobody is in the classroom. Why?
—All of the students are playing on the playground.
A. No one B. Someone C. Anyone
( ) 5. —What do you want to be in the future?
—I dream of being an inventor.
A. a person who sells new things
B. a person who looks for new things
C. a person who makes new things
( ) 6. —How many days can human beings live without water?
—I think 3 days at most.
A. plants B. animals C. people
( ) 7. —If people don't protect these animals, they will die out from the Earth.
—That's true. We should do something to save them.
A. appear B. disappear C. live
( ) 8. —It's cool this evening. Let's go for a walk.
—Good idea! I want to go the park nearby.
A. take a walk B. go on a picnic C. go to work
ii. 根据句子意思，从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出恰当的词语完成句子。
( ) 9. A(n) _____ is a book or set of books that has information on a wide variety of topics.
A. inventor B. dinosaur C. encyclopaedia
( ) 10. A(n) ______ is a person who studies one or more of the natural sciences, for example, physics, chemistry and biology.
A. scientist B. engineer C. musician
( ) 11. — ______ were large reptiles(爬行动物)which lived in prehistoric times.
—Right, but we can't see them now because they died out.
A. Rabbits B. Dragons C. Dinosaurs
( ) 12. —Not only people can sing, some animals can also sing.
—Yes, birds have a musical _______ . They can sing well.
A. intelligence B. fame C. ability
( ) 13. —What subjects do you learn in school?
—We have quite a few subjects, ______ English and Maths.
A. included B. including C. include
( ) 14. —Computer is a very useful _____ in human history.
—Yes, it changes our lives in many ways.
A. inventor B. invention C. invent
( ) 15. —You won the first prize in the Physics competition.
—_____. I made several terrible mistakes.
A. You must be joking B. You're welcome C. I think so
第三组
i. 从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项。?
( ) 1．—How many people will come to the party?
—There are about 50, but I am not sure.
A．less than B．around C．over
( ) 2．—I wish someone would invent clothing that can’t be worn out.
—Maybe your dream will come true some day.
A．use B．produce for the first time C．wear
( ) 3．In this competition, he showed his great intelligence.
A．patience to help others
B．wisdom ability to learn and understand
C．kindness
( ) 4．—Mr. and Mrs. Smith are very happy.
—Yes. Their son shows great interest in learning music from an early age.
A．when he was young
B．when he was born
C．a few years early age
( ) 5．—I feel healthier after a visit to the countryside.
—Because the air in the countryside is fresh.
A．in the centre of the cities and towns
B．in the front of the cities and towns
C．outside the cities and towns
( ) 6．—It took over ten months to build the bridge.
—We planned to finish it in October, but it was over in December.
A．nearly B．less than C．more than
( ) 7．—Is James older than Tom?
—No, he is as old as Tom. They are both ten years old.
A．older than B．the same age as C．not as young as
( ) 8．—Is Tom like eating fruits?
—Yes. He likes eating fruit such as apples, pears and bananas.
A．like B．be like C．look like
ii. 从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。?
( ) 9．—Do you know why the Smiths like living in the __________?
—Because they think the air is fresh outside the city.
A．countryside B．city C．front
( ) 10．—Edison was a great __________.
—Almost everyone knows him because he developed many things like light bulbs.
A．artist B．driver C．inventor
( ) 11．—Ford didn’t feel well yesterday. _______, he still went to work and tried his best.
—How is he today?
A．By the way B．However C．In a way
( ) 12．—I heard you __________ against him in a game.
—Yes. I beat him in it.
A．fought B．failed C．won
( ) 13．—What’s the price of your new iPhone?
—It is about 1,000 __________.
A．dollars B．kilometers C．litres
( )14．—Tim just turned on the computer and began to __________ whether the latest fashion would be on sale.
—Www.tmall.com is a good website.
A．search for B．take up C．find out
( )15．—Thank you for helping me.
—_________.
A．That’s right B．You are welcome C．I’m sure
iv. 将下列句子翻译成英语
1. 我于2000年2月14日出生于北京。(be born)

2. 当我经过他的身边时，我给了他一封信。(as ; walk past)

3. 左边的这张照片是我的，但右边的那张是Leo的。(one)

4. Simon在武汉住过两年多时间。(for ; more than)

5. 这本字典包括15,000多个单词和大约3,000幅图片。(include)

6. 有些狗和狼一样大，有些则和老鼠一样小。(as…as ; Some…Others…)

7. 猛犸(manmoth)于8,000多年前灭绝，但我们可以通过它们的骨骼(skeleton)来了解它们。(die out ; learn about)


8. 当我突然张开双眼的时候，我的面前放着一只蛋糕。(suddenly)

III. 语法透视
【语法要点一】限定词some; any
限定词指的是在名词词组中，对中心词起特指，或者表示确定数量和非确定等限定作用的词；常见的限定词很多，比如冠词a，an，the，形容词性的物主代词、数词等。这一章节中，我们将学习限定词some和any的用法；
【解析1】some和any的基本用法
(1)some和any可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。如：
I have some books.
I need some water.
Do you have any magazines?
I don’t have any money.
(2)some常用在肯定句，而any用在否定和疑问句中。表示“一些”的意思。如：
My brother has some toys.
My brother doesn’t have any toys.
Does your brother have any toys?
【解析2】some和any的特殊用法
(1)some用在疑问句中，表示建议，请求或期望得到肯定回答。如：
Would you like some tea?
What about some apple juice?
(2)any用在肯定句中，起强调作用。表示“任何一个”；常用结构“any+单数名词”。如：
Any student can answer this question.
(3)some + 单数名词。表示“某一”。如：
I hope to go there some day.
(4)some more意思是“一些更多的”。如：
Can you give me some more coffee?
(5)some other 意思是“其他一些的”。在否定句和疑问句中用any other。如：
Some other students will go there by bus.
Do you have any other questions?
(6)any other +单数名词 用于肯定句中；意思是“其他任何……”。如：
He is taller than any other boy in his class.
【语法要点二】不定代词: somebody; someone; something, etc
不定代词, 即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。常见的不定代词有: some(something, somebody, someone)；any(anything, anybody, anyone)；no(nothing, nobody, no one)；every(everything, everybody, everyone)；all, each, both, none, one, either, neither, other, another; much, many,(a)little,(a)few; 在这一章节里，我们主要学习由some, any, no构成的复合不定代词。
【解析1】somebody; someone; something
(1)somebody, someone, something用于肯定句中。
someone= somebody某人; something 某事/某物 如：
There is someone knocking at the door.
I have something to tell you.
(2)something可用于提建议或请求的问句中，希望得到肯定回答。
Would you like something to eat?
【解析2】anybody; anyone; anything
(1)anybody, anyone, anything用于否定句和疑问句中。如：
anyone= anybody任何人; anything 任何事/物 如：
Is anyone at home?
There is not anything under the tree.
(2)anyone用于肯定句中, 表示任何人。如：
Anyone can ask me questions.
(3)anything 用于肯定句中, 表示任何事、物。如：
Anything will happen if we are not careful.
【解析3】nobody; no one; nothing
(1)nobody = not… anybody没有一个人。如：
I saw nobody. = I didn’t see anybody.
(2)nothing = not… anything 什么也没有(指事)。如：
I heard nothing. = I didn’t hear anything.
(3)no one = none 一个人也没有(但none强调没有人或物)。如：
No one can help you.
—How many sheep do you have?
—None.
注意：用none回答“How many…？”，用no one回答“Who…？”
【解析4】复合不定代词的主要考点
【讲解1】复合不定代词在句子中做主语时, 谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：
Nobody knows his name.
Someone is asking to see you.
【讲解2】不定代词+形容词(不定代词的定语要后置)。如：
nothing serious
There is something important in the newspaper.
【讲解3】have something to do有事要做。如：
I’m sorry, but I have something to do.
【讲解4】There is something wrong with… 某人/物出问题了。如：
There is something wrong with my bike. So I go there by bus.
【讲解5】There is nothing wrong with…某人/物没问题。如：
There is nothing wrong with your ears.
【讲解6】nothing much 没什么大事。如：
—What are you going to do this weekend?
—Nothing much.
综合训练
i. 按要求完成句子
1.I saw somebody in the teacher's office. (改为否定句)

2.There is something under my bed. （改为一般疑问句）

3.I told nobody about your secret. (改为同义句)

4.They didn't find anyone in the old house. （改为肯定句）

5.There are some new students in our class. (改为否定句)

6. There is not anybody in the library.(改为同义句)
There is _______ in the library.
7. Is there anything in the box?(作否定回答)
____, there is ________ in the box.
8. We can see some birds in the tree.(改为一般疑问句)
____ you see ____ birds in the tree?
9. Mr. Chen didn’t say anything at the meeting.(改为同义句)
Mr. Chen _____________ at the meeting.
10. There are some flowers on the teacher’s desk.(改为否定句)
There ___________ flowers on the teacher’s desk.?
ii. 选择正确答案
第一组
( ) 1．If you ________ someone in a game, you beat him or her in it.
A．play B．fail C．win
( ) 2．—Do you have ________ books about music?
—No, but I have ________ about travel and sports.
A．any; any B．any; some C．some; any
( ) 3．—Hurry up, Jack. The train is coming.
—Wait a moment, please! Let me see if there is ________ left.
A．everything important
B．something important
C．important something
( ) 4．—What are you doing today?
—I’m not doing ________ because I got hurt in the 100-meter race.
A．nothing B．anything C．everything
( ) 5．Tim just turned on the computer and began to ________ whether the latest fashion would be on sale.
A．search for B．take up C．find out
( ) 6．I want to buy _________. Let’s get on the bus and go back home.
A．something else B．anything else C．nothing else
( ) 7．—I have _________ to do now. Can you give me some advice?
—Why not ________ the park with me?
A．nothing; cleaning B．anything; clean C．nothing; clean
( ) 8．________ students like sports. ________ like watching TV and reading.
A．Some; Other B．Some; Others C．Some; The other
( ) 9．—It’s too noisy.
—Because there are ________ people and _______ loud music in the park.
A．many; much B．much; much C．much; many
( ) 10．—There isn’t __________ water here. Could you get __________ for me?
—All right.
A．any; some B．any; any C．some; any
第二组
( ) 1. I don't have ______ in my pocket. It's empty.
A. something B. anything C. everything
( ) 2. Look, there are ______ girls dancing in the hall.
A. some B. any C. every
( ) 3. I knocked at the door but ____ answered.
A. nobody B. somebody C. anybody
( ) 4. I don't have enough money. Could you please give me ____?
A. some B. any C. none
( ) 5. Is there ____ food in the fridge?
A. some B. any C. few
( ) 6. ____ is waiting for you at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you.
A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Everybody
( ) 7. He thinks himself somebody, but we think him ____.
A. nobody B. anybody C. somebody
( ) 8. The exam is easy, but I don't think _____ would pass it.
A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody
( ) 9. I really need ____ to help me carry the box. It's too heavy.
A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody
( ) 10. May I have a talk with you, sir? I have got _____important to tell you.
A. nothing B. anything C. something
( ) 11. It's time for class. Is ____ here?
A. somebody B. everybody C. anybody
( ) 12. Is there ____ here who likes climbing?
A. someone B. anyone C. everyone
( ) 13. I saw ____ in the classroom. Where are the students?
A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody
( ) 14. ____ broke the window. A strong wind broke it last night.
A. Nobody B. Somebody C. Everybody
( ) 15. I have a toothache. I think I have _____ wrong with my teeth.
A. something B. anything C. everything
iii. 选择正确的单词填空
1. Look, __________ (some / any) boys are playing football over there.
2. There aren't __________(some / any) students in the classroom.
3. I asked him for some oil, but he didn't have ________(some / any).
4. Why don't you ask your parents for ___________(some / any) money?
5. Help yourself to __________ (some / any) fish, Li Lei.
6. I have got __________(something / anything) important to tell you.
7. I am thirsty. Could you please give me ______________(something / anything) to drink?
8. Did you see _____________ (somebody / anybody) there yesterday?
9. ______________ (Anybody / Nobody) is in the office, so where have they gone?
10. Don't worry. There's ____________ (something / nothing) wrong with you.
IV. 写作提升
话题一 描述个人
【短文写作】假设你的同班同学杨华上周荣获“广东省三好学生（Merit Student of Guangdong）”称号。以下是杨华同学的个人资料：
请根据上面表格中的内容，在校园博客上写一篇短文介绍杨华。要求：70～80词；短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Yang Hua is an excellent student in our school. Let me introduce him to you all. ______________
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【写作指导】此篇作文以描述人物为主线，主要内容是介绍同班同学杨华。写作内容渗透着本单元的话题和语言目标——描述个人。
在写作过程中要明确以下几点：
1. 本书面表达属于表格提示性作文,全文要用第三人称来写。
2. 介绍人物信息时要详细描述，自己发挥的内容要切合实际。
3. 注意第三人称单数形式动词的变化不要弄错。
【范文赏析】
Yang Hua is an excellent student in our school. Let me introduce him to you all. He was born on 28th July,2003. He is the monitor in our class. He shows great interest in reading, singing and playing badminton. He is good at English and Science. In our teachers' opinion, he is a smart, hard-working and friendly student. He won the “Merit Student of Guangdong” last week, so all the students in our class are proud of him and like him very much.
综合训练
i. 翻译下列句子
1. 有的人喜欢踢足球，有的人喜欢打羽毛球。

2. 他从小就跟祖父母一起生活在农村。

3. 雨下得很大，然而他还是准时到达了。

4. 人类比动物要聪明得多。

5. 我喜欢吃各种水果，包括苹果、香蕉、梨等。

6. 达·芬奇于1452年出生在意大利的农村。

7. 没有人知道恐龙为什么突然灭绝了。

8. 苏珊喜欢在晚饭后散步。

9. 谢谢你帮我找出真相。

10. 李白也许是我国最著名的诗人。

ii. 书面表达
→请先翻译下列句子
1. 马克·吐温是一位美国作家。

2. 他写了很多著名的小说。

3. 在他4岁的时候，他和家人搬到城市去了。

4. 他从童年就开始工作。

5. 小时候，他并没有展现出他的写作才能。

→接下来进行书面写作
请以“Mark Twain”为题，根据下面的内容提示，写一篇关于马克·吐温的短文，80词左右。内容包括：
1. 他是一位美国著名作家，写了许多著名的小说。
2. 1835年出生于佛罗里达州的农村，4岁时和家人搬到城里，12岁时，其父亲去世。
3. 从童年就开始工作，做过许多不同的工作。
4. 最著名的小说：《汤姆·索亚历险记》。
5. 他的写作才能不是与生俱来，而是来源于他个人的经历。
参考词汇：佛罗里达州Florida; 《汤姆·索亚历险记》The Adventure of Tom Sawyer; 经历 experience
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V. 复习巩固
单词
音标
词性及词义
扩展
/?n?sa?kl??pi?di?/
n. 百科全书
/?hju?m?n/
adj. 人的
＊只用于名词前
/?da?n?s??(r)/
n. 恐龙
/??t?li?n/
n. 意大利人 adj. 意大利的
【变】 n. 意大利
/?n?vent?(r)/
n. 发明家
【变】 n. 发明
v. 发明；创造
/mju?z??n/
n. 音乐家
【变】 n. 音乐
adj. 音乐的
/?sa??nt?st/
n. 科学家
【变】 n. 科学
adj. 科学的
/b??n/
v. 出生
＊只用于被动语态，不用by
/?k?ntrisa?d/
n. [U]乡村；农村
the land outside towns and cities, with fields, woods, etc.
/?n?tel?d??ns/
n. [U]才智；智慧
【变】 adj. 有才智的；聪明的
/ɑ??t?st?k/
adj. 有艺术天赋的
【变】 n. 艺术家
n. 艺术
/??b?l?ti/
n. 才能；能力
【变】 adj. 可……的；能……的
/p??h?ps/
adv. 可能；大概
【同】 / /
/?n?ven?n/
n. 发明
/?n??tb?k/
n. 笔记本
/?n?klu?d/
v. 包括；包含
~ sth.
~ doing sth.
/?i?vn/
adv. （强调出乎意料）甚至
/ha??ev?(r)/
adv. 然而
【同】
/?s?d?nli/
adv. 突然；忽然
【同】quickly and unexpectedly
【变】 adj. 突然的；忽然的
/?n??b?di/
pron. 没有人
【同】
/?f?sl/
n. 化石
/w?n/
v. （在比赛中）获胜，赢
win- -
to be the most successful in a competition, race, battle, etc.
【变】 n. 优胜者
/?d?l?(r)/
n. [C]元（美国、加拿大等国货币单位）
＊符号为$
词组
词义
扩展
在乡村；在农村
人
【同】
【较】human being—意为“人，人类”，有别于飞禽走兽
people—意为“人，人们”，表示复数含义
person—指单个“人”
灭绝；消失
【同】
了解（到）；弄清
to get some information about sth./sb. by asking, reading, etc.
【较】find—指找到人或物的位置
find out—指找到跟人或物相关的信息
去散步
VI. 单元测试
第一卷 听说部分（15分）
Ⅰ. 听说题（15分）
ⅰ) 听选信息（共6小题，每小题1分）
听三段对话，每段播放两遍。请根据所听到的内容，选择正确的信息。
听第一段对话，回答第1-2两个问题。
( ) 1. What’s Jim’s father?
A. A doctor. B. A manager. C. A teacher.
( ) 2. What pet does the girl have?
A. A cat. B. A dog. C. Some ?sh.
听第二段对话，回答第3-4两个问题。
( ) 3. What time did the boy get up this morning?21·世纪*教育网
A. At 6:00. B. At 7:00. C. At 8:30.
( ) 4. How does the boy usually go to school?
A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By bike
听第三段对话，回答第5-6两个问题。
( ) 5. Where is the girl going?
A. The airport. B. The railway station. C. The post of?ce. 21教育名师原创作品
( ) 6. What does the girl think of the city?
A. Very interesting. B. Very boring. C. Very large.
ⅱ) 回答问题（共4小题，每小题1分）
听下面一段独白，录音播放两遍。请根据所听到的内容回答第7-10四个问题。
( ) 7. Where is Hollywood?
A. In Paris. B. In Los Angeles. C. In London.
( ) 8. What is Hollywood famous for?
A. Fountains. B. Buildings. C. Movies.
( ) 9. Why do many people want to go to Hollywood?【版权所有：21教育】
A. Because they want to know how to make movies.
B. Because they want to know how to make cartoons.
C. Because they want to know how to be famous actors. 2·1·c·n·j·y
( ) 10. Why do many actors like Hollywood?
A. Because Hollywood is very beautiful.
B. Because there are many stars in Hollywood.
C. Because Hollywood has a lot of chances.
ⅲ) 信息转述（5分）
第一节 信息转述（3分）
你将听到一段 Alice的家庭成员介绍，录音播放两遍。请根据所听到的内容，选择思维导图中的提示信息，写一段话（6个句子左右）介绍Alice的家庭成员，包含五个要点的内容。你有15秒钟阅读思维导图：
你的介绍可以这样开始：
11. There are four people ..._________________________________________________




第二节 询问信息（2分）
12. 你想知道Alice的家里有几位成员，你问：

13. 你想知道Alice的父母是否爱她和她的姐姐，你问：

第二卷 选择题部分（60分）
Ⅱ. 选择填空（15分）
ⅰ) 从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替代划线部分的最佳选项。（共8小题，每小题1分）
( ) 14. —Is the supermarket still open now?
—Perhaps not. It closes at 6:00 p.m. on Mondays.
A. Even B. Maybe C. Often
( ) 15. —Dinosaurs all died out about 650 million years ago.21世纪教育网版权所有
—Do scientists know the reason?
A. disappeared B. went out C. came out
( ) 16. —I think the young man has the ability to ?nish the work alone.
—I agree.
A. decides to B. used to C. is able to
( ) 17. —Where are the students now?
—Everyone is in the classroom including Jerry.
A. Everything B. Everybody C. No one
( ) 18. —Congratulations! You won the 100-metre race.
—Thank you.
A. did best in B. failed to C. worked hard at
( ) 19. —Your smart phone is different from mine.
—So it is. Yours is much thinner than mine.
A. smaller than B. as big as C. not the same as
( ) 20. —How long will Tony and his friends stay in Shenzhen?
—They will stay for more than 40 days.
A. at least B. over C. almost
( ) 21. —Jack is very busy. However, he keeps exercising every day.
—What a good habit he has!
A. Though B. Unless C. But
ⅱ) 从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共7小题，每小题1分）
( ) 22. A __________ is a person who studies one or more of the natural sciences.
A. musician B. scientist C. visitor
( ) 23. To __________ means to have somebody or something as part of a whole.
A. include B. take C. spend
( ) 24. __________ refers to the ability to learn, understand and think in a good way about things.2
A. Responsibility B. Response C. Intelligence
( ) 25. —How was your school trip on the farm?
—It couldn’t be worse. I don’t __________ want to talk about it.
A. very B. also C. even
( ) 26. —Why did Linda cry just now?
—__________ knows why. You can ask Linda.
A. Somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody
( ) 27. —Simon, could you please help me __________ on the Internet when the plane will take off?
—I’m sorry, my computer doesn’t work.
A. ?nd out B. look out C. put out
( ) 28. —I have passed my driving test.
—__________. So you are going to buy a car.
A. Good idea B. Congratulations C. That’s right
Ⅲ. 完形填空（15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。（共10小题，每小题1.5分）
My friend’s grandfather came to America from a farm in Thailand. After 29 in New York, he went into a cafeteria (自助餐厅) in Manhattan to get 30 to eat. He sat down at an empty table and waited for someone to take his order. Of course, 31 did. 3 2 a woman with a big plate 33 food came up to him. She sat down 34 him and told him how a cafeteria worked.
“Start out at that end,” she said, “Just go along the line and pick out what you want. At the other end they’ll tell you 35 you have to pay.
“I soon learned that’s how everything works in America,” the grandfather told my friend later.
“Life is like a cafeteria here. You can get everything you want so long as you want 36 the price. You can even get success, but you’ll never get it if you 37 some one to bring it to you. You have to stand up and get it by 38 .”
( ) 29. A. arriving B. arrived C. reaching
( ) 30. A. nothing B. something C. anything
( ) 31. A. everything B. anybody C. nobody
( ) 32. A. Finally B. Luckily C. ?rstly
( ) 33. A. without B. full of C. ?lling with
( ) 34. A. at B. from C. opposite
( ) 35. A. how many B. how much C. how often
( ) 36. A. to pay B. to spend C. to take
( ) 37. A. wait B. wait for C. hope
( ) 38. A. waiter B. others C. yourself
Ⅳ. 阅读理解（30分）
阅读下列短文，从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共20小题，每小题1.5分）
(A)
Most people want to work, but it has become more difficult in today’s world to find work for everyone. The economy of the world needs to grow by 4% each year just to keep the old number of jobs for people. Often this is not possible, and so more people are out of work. Some people have no jobs now because new machines can do the work of many people in short time. Also, machines do not ask for more money and longer holidays. In all the countries of the world, machines are taking work from people, not only in factories but also on the farms. One machine can often do the work of forty people. About 75,000 people are moving to the cities a day to look for jobs, but only 70% of them can ?nd jobs.21教育网
( ) 39. It was _________ for people to ?nd work before than today.
A. not possible B. dif?cult C. more dif?cult D. easier
( ) 40. If the economy of the world grows by 4% each year, _________.
A. people will have no jobs B. people can still have jobs as before
C. 4% of the people will have jobs D. 97% of the people will have jobs
( ) 41. How many people go into cities to look for jobs each day?
A. 70% of the people. B. 4% of the people in the world.
C. More than 75,000. D. About 75,000 people.
( ) 42. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. Machines are taking work instead of people.
B. Now more people are out of work.
C. Machines need more money and longer holidays.
D. Most people want to have jobs.
(B)
From March 12 to 17 of each year, hundreds of clowns get together in the Bognor Regis Town, UK. They all wear tall blue hats and big red noses with colourful faces.
The ?rst International Clown Festival was in 1987, UK. All the clowns from all over the world were together to celebrate the great festival in England.21·cn·jy·com
During the festival, people can see clowns from the world. They are together for the world of clown shows. They try their best to please all the people for the festival. In the shows, they have big feet, funny noses and look really funny. They sing and dance in a strange way to make people laugh. All people for the festival can have great fun. Of course, children like this interesting festival best.
Now women can take part in the clown shows, and they are very popular. But in the old days, only men could be clowns.
There are different kinds of clowns like white face, red faces, street clowns and clowns for children.
All these clowns are popular with people.
( ) 43. All the clowns get together _________ for the International Clown Festival.
A. in London B. in a small town, UK
C. all over the world D. around the whole Europe
( ) 44. The ?rst International Clown Festival was _________.
A. in 1987 B. in England C. both A and B D. in London
( ) 45. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The clowns wear in a funny way.
B. The clowns dance in a strange way.
C. The clowns try their best to make others laugh.
D. Women clowns are not popular with people.
( ) 46. The writer would like to tell us something about _________.
A. the International Clown Festival B. men clowns and women clowns
C. different kinds of strange festivals D. those that are not interested in the festival
(C)
British sailor Alex Bond was travelling in his boat all the way from the coast of England to Australia. On the way he stopped his boat on an island called Kanton Island. He would like to stop for a short rest, but his stop soon turned into a life-helping work.
When Bond and his partners began going through the island, they met 10 native adults and their 14 children. The native people had eaten little food for weeks, and were very tired.
The islanders depended on food taken by boat, but the boat was now months late. For over three months, they have had nothing to eat—only the coconuts that grew on the island, and any ?sh that they could catch.
Luckily, Bond had some food more than usual on the boat, and quickly gave out anything he could to the hungry islanders. Then he used his radio to call the police for help. The police received his message. Soon, the islanders received some food including rice, sugar, and ?our.
Bond hadn’t expected to turn his holiday into a rescue duty. Saving lives was nothing new for the sailor, but he didn’t think he minded working on an off-day.
( ) 47. From the ?rst paragraph we know Alex Bond was travelling to _________ by boat.
A. England B. Australia C. Kanton Island D. America
( ) 48. How many people did Bond see on the island?
A. 10. B. 14. C. 24. D. 25.
( ) 49. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. People on the island usually grew rice and vegetables.
B. People on the island usually had ?sh and fruit for dinner.
C. People on the island usually lived on the food taken by boat.
D. People on the island really lived a happy life.
( ) 50. Alex asked the police for help _________.
A. by radio B. on the Internet C. by writing a letter D. by phone
(D)
On Friday, a man killed 86 people on Norway’s Utoya island. Marcel Gleffe, a German tourist was camping on the mainland nearby when the gun?re (枪击) began.
When he was having a rest in his camp, he saw the smoke from the gun?re. He knew that something terrible was happening. He didn’t think of anything but tried to do something helpful.
Gleffe drove his boat over to the island, where he found a group of people in the water. Some of them had already been shot, and were in serious condition. He threw out life jackets, and tried his best to help them climb into his boat to return to the mainland, taking the worst injured persons ?rst.2-1-c-n-j-y
The police didn’t know about the gunman still stayed on the island when he helped the injured persons, but he wasn’t afraid to save as many people as he could. Altogether, he saved 30 people.
“I just did what I should do,” he told the Telegraph. “You don’t get scared in a situation like that, you just do what it takes.”
( ) 51. Where did Marcel Gleffe come from?
A. Norway. B. Germany. C. America. D. India.
( ) 52. What did Marcel Gleffe decide to do when he saw the smoke from the gun?re?
A. He began