Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Mike Godwin is an American lawyer and author who invented “Godwin's Law” in 1990 when he made the following statement：
As an online discussion grows longer, a comparison involving Nazis or Hitler is very likely to be made.
Godwin's Law is applicable to online discussions in forums, chat rooms, and on blogs. The term has earned a place in the Oxford English Dictionary：
Godwin's Law: noun. A facetious aphorism(有趣的格言) maintaining that as an online debate increases in length, it becomes certain that someone will eventually compare someone or something to Adolf Hitler or the Nazis.
Although coined to describe an Internet phenomenon, the term is being applied to the use of “the Nazi card” in other contexts.
A complaint by many forum users is that the so-called law is ending discussion. One makes a Nazi comparison and another cries, “You said Hitler, so I win！” At that point, the discussion ends. The term has created a verb, “to Godwin，” as in, “You Godwined this discussion！”
The mention of Godwin's Law has come to be seen as a way to end an online discussion. Here is a complaint voiced by a forum user：
It seems like Godwin's Law is becoming a real problem for any sort of discussion on the internet. Whenever Hitler, or Nazis, is brought up in a discussion, the discussion is then over and the poster who mentioned the subject is laughed at. This would be a problem if people mention Godwin's Law when the Hitler/Nazi mention is relevant to the topic at hand.
1．What will certainly happen according to “Godwin's Law” if the online discussion is lengthened?
A．The debaters will maintain their justice.
B．The debaters will mention Hitler or Nazis.
C．The debaters will earn a place in the forum.
D．The debaters will become very sick and tired.
2．What does the underlined word “coined” in the fifth paragraph mean probably?
A．Built. B．Adapted.
C．Classified. D．Invented.
3．What is the mention of “Godwin's Law” viewed as in a discussion?
A．A way of objection. B．A way of complaint.
C．A way of ending it. D．A way of creating words.
B
(2018·辽宁五校高三模拟)Shortness of breath has many different causes, and the treatment of it is specific for each cause.
4．________ There are, however, some following first aid steps you can use to treat it, at least until the ambulance arrives or you're able to get the victim to a hospital.
5．________ The more energy you spend, the more oxygen you use and the more short of breath you feel. Think about a good workout at the gym. Exercise hard enough and you will feel short of breath. The cure? Take a break.
Let the victim sit, stand or lie where's the most comfortable. There're lots of myths about how some body positions supposedly provide more airflow. Coaches regularly tell players to hold their arms above their heads to maximize chest expansion. Nursing staff assume the “tripod position” is the best position.
6．________
Use oxygen. This is a special case used only for people with chronic lung problems. If the victim has oxygen available, this is what it's for.
7．________ The victim may have been told by his or her doctor that too much oxygen for too long might cause more problems. Assure the victim that sudden increases in shortness of breath are the instances in which oxygen is needed most.
Treat the cause of shortness of breath.
8．________ Asthma patients, for example, often have multiple tools and drugs to fix sudden shortness of breath. Victims of lung infections may need to see a doctor and heart attack victims may need an ambulance.
A．Have the victim rest.
B．Take more exercise at the gym.
C．The victim should use his or her oxygen as directed by a doctor.
D．There're many causes of shortness of breath and many of them are treatable.
E．The victim can try to avoid making use of his or her oxygen whenever possible.
F．Every person is different, however, so let the victim decide what position is the most comfortable.
G．In many cases, the only way to treat shortness of breath is to call 911 or take the victim to a doctor.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Sarah lived on a farm with her family. She was __1__ to learn to track, to identify each person and where they were going by the marks they left on the ground. And if her father couldn't teach her, she'd teach herself.
To the __2__ of her family, she borrowed all their __3__ and taught herself to recognize everyone's footprints in the sand. More than once her father came outside shouting, “Sarah, bring me __4__ my boots.”
Sarah developed the habit of walking around with her eyes fixed on the ground, __5__ the comings and goings of every __6__ in the place.
She also developed the annoying habit of __7__ everyone. “What were you doing down at the dam, Jack? You're not __8__ to play there.”“Did you find what you were __9__ in the garage, Auntie？” and “Who was the stranger visiting today wearing size ten boots, Mum？”
After she'd __10__ every pair of shoes that everyone __11__,_she turned to the farm's animals. By this time __12__ her victims had to admit, __13__,_that she was good.
Her best __14__ came one evening when she said the horse's front foot was __15__. Her father said that the horse was __16__ fine. Sarah __17__ that its hoof(蹄) had a split. Sarah's father __18__ the horse's hoof.
“You're __19__. The hoof is split. How did you know？”
“You can see it in its __20__.” Sarah moved the horse away. “Look, it's plain in the sand.”
“If you can tell it has a split hoof from that sand, you're pretty good，” said her father.
1．
A．determined B．forced
C．appointed D．encouraged
2．A.expectation B．annoyance
C．disappointment D．delight
3．A.shoes B．books
C．socks D．tools
4．A.up B．outside
C．over D．back
5．A.guiding B．hearing
C．studying D．predicting
6．A.vehicle B．person
C．animal D．season
7．A.surprising B．criticising
C．questioning D．challenging
8．A.prepared B．invited
C．qualified D．allowed
9．A.calling for B．looking for
C．waiting for D．fighting for
10．A.worn B．collected
C．destroyed D．memorised
11．A.owned B．borrowed
C．tried D．bought
12．A.yet B．even
C．also D．still
13．A.guiltily B．approvingly
C．merrily D．unwillingly
14．A.performance B．trick
C．magic D．idea
15．A.tied B．lost
C．injured D．stolen
16．A.safely B．extremely
C．hardly D．perfectly
17．A.doubted B．wondered
C．insisted D．discovered
18．A.inspected B．split
C．treated D．fastened
19．A.lying B．joking
C．right D．crazy
20．A.boots B．tracks
C．jumps D．hoofs
Ⅲ.短文改错
Dear Editor，
I'm the only daughter of my parents. So they worried about everything I do. For example, when I ride my bike, my parents won't let me ride by myself. They are afraid I might fall off from my bike and hurt myself. They are taking great trouble to support a bike, with my mother even carried a first-aid box. I'm not free to ride and I often say angry， “Why not let me ride alone？” Now, most family have only one child. Parents want to do everything for our children. This does no good to them. Too many love from parents may prevent children from independent. In my opinion, parents should let their children do that they should do alone.
Yours，
Li Hua
单元测试卷答案
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A. 语篇导读
本文为说明文，介绍了高德温法则的来历以及意义，并举例对其进行说明。
1. 解析 B 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，当网上辩论时间变长时，参加讨论的人非常有可能会提到希特勒或者纳粹分子，故选B项。
2. 解析 D 词义猜测题。根据第五段可知，Godwin's Law这个词一开始是用来描述网络现象的，后来又开始用于其他情境，所以该画线词表示“创造(新词语)”，故选D项。
3. 解析 C 细节理解题。 根据第六段第一句和第七段第一句以及两段中给出的具体例子可知，某讨论一旦出现这样的类比即意味着结束，故选C项。
B. 语篇导读
本文为说明文，主要讲述了呼吸困难的发生有很多原因，同时提出了四种急救方法。
4．解析 G 顺承关系。本段主要讲呼吸困难有很多原因，治疗呼吸困难有不同的方法，因此空处应讲治疗呼吸困难的一般方法，且与下文构成转折关系，故选G项。
5．解析 A 总分关系。根据本段中的The cure? Take a break可知，本段主要讲让患者休息这种方法，故选A项。
6．解析 F 递进关系。根据第三段的主题句可知，此处表示每个人感觉舒服的姿势都不同，所以空处应讲让病人决定最舒服的姿势，故选F项。
7．解析 C 递进关系。根据本段的主题句可以判断，此处指要在医生指导下使用氧气，故选C项。
8．解析 D 顺承关系。根据空处上下文可以判断，此处表示呼吸困难有很多原因，并且其中很多都是可以治疗的，故选D项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇导读
本文为记叙文，讲述了萨拉学习通过脚印来跟踪、识别人的技术的故事。
1．解析 A 根据下文中的And if her father couldn't teach her, she'd teach herself可知，如果她的父亲不教她，她就自学；据此可以判断，她决心学习通过别人留下来的足迹跟踪、识别人的技术。be determined to do sth决心做某事，为固定搭配，故选A项。
2． 解析 B 根据下文中的More than once her father came outside shouting可知，她的父亲不止一次朝她发火；由此可以判断，她的行为给家人带来了烦恼(annoyance)。下文中的She also developed the annoying habit of也是提示，故选B项。
3．解析 A 根据该句中的taught herself to recognize everyone's footprints in the sand和下文中的bring me __4__ my boots可知，她借来了所有家人的鞋子(shoe)来自学识别沙地中每个人的脚印，故选A项。
4．解析 D 根据上文可知，萨拉借来了家人的鞋子来自学识别沙地中每个人的脚印；结合语境可以判断，此处表示“萨拉，把我的靴子拿回来(back)”，故选D项。
5．解析 C 根据该句中的Sarah developed the habit of walking around with her eyes fixed on the ground可知，萨拉养成了走路时眼睛盯着地面的习惯以研究(study)每个来往的人的足迹，故选C项。
6．解析 B 根据第一段第二句中的to identify each person并结合上题解析可知选B项。
7．解析 C 根据下文中的几个问句可知，她养成了令人厌恶的习惯，即质询(question)每个人，故选C项。
8．解析 D 根据上文的What were you doing down at the dam, Jack可知，萨拉在质询杰克为什么在大坝上；结合语境和常识可知，人是不被允许(allow)在大坝上面玩的，故选D项。
9．解析 B 根据该句中的Did you find可知，该句句意：伯母，你在车库中找到你要寻找(look for)的东西了吗？故选B项。
10．解析 D 根据该句中的she turned to the farm's animals可知，在她记住(memorise)了每个人的鞋子之后，她将注意力转向了农场的动物，故选D项。
11．解析 A 参见上题解析。
12． 解析 B 根据该句中的her victims had to admit和that she was good可知，甚至(even)她的“受害人”也不得不承认她是优秀的，故选B项。
13．解析 D 根据该句中的her victims had to admit和that she was good可以判断，她的“受害人”也不情愿地(unwillingly)承认她是优秀的，故选D项。
14． 解析 A 根据上文中的admit, __13__,_that she was good可知，她的“受害人”也承认她的识别技术很好；结合该句语境可知，她的最好表现(performance)是一个晚上她说马的前蹄受伤了，故选A项。
15． 解析 C 根据下文中的that its hoof(蹄) had a split可知，马的蹄部有一个裂口；据此可知，她说马的前蹄受伤(injure)了，故选C项。
16．解析 D 根据下文中的that its hoof(蹄) had a split可知，马的蹄部有一个裂口；结合该句Her father said the horse was __16__ fine可以判断，她的父亲与她的观点相反，认为马的健康状况非常(perfectly)好，故选D项。
17．解析 C 根据该句Sarah __17__ that its hoof(蹄) had a split并结合上句可知，萨拉坚持(insist)说马的蹄部有一个裂口，故选C项。
18．解析 A 根据上句可知，萨拉坚持说马的蹄部有一个裂口，结合该句的内容可以判断，萨拉的父亲检查(inspect)了马的蹄部，故选A项。
19．解析 C 根据下文的The hoof is split. How did you know可知，萨拉的父亲知道了马的前蹄确实受伤了，故该句应为：你是正确的(right)，故选C项。
20．解析 B 根据下文的Look, it's plain in the sand可以判断，该句句意：你可以从马的足迹(track)看到那个裂口，故选B项。
Ⅲ.短文改错
① 解析 be worried about＝worry about，意为“担心”。
② 解析 fall off跌落，从……摔下，其后直接跟宾语。
③ 解析 特指上文提到的自行车。
④ 解析 此处是with复合结构，my mother与carry是主谓关系，故用现在分词形式表示主动。
⑤ 解析 副词作状语修饰动词say。
⑥ 解析 most修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，family为可数名词，故用复数形式。
⑦ 解析 此处的意思是：父母想要为他们的孩子做所有事情。与下文语态保持一致。
⑧ 解析 love为不可数名词，用too much修饰。
⑨ 解析 prevent…from doing…阻止……做……，为固定搭配。
⑩ 解析 此处what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作do的宾语。
Unit 4 Earthquakes知识巩固
Ⅰ.品句填词(用所给词的适当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词)
1．Her friends expressed their (congratulate) to her when they heard the good news.
2．We (shock) when we heard they had got killed in the accident.
3．There is worldwide concern about the (destroy) of the rainforests.
4．It is (use) arguing with Bradford, because he is too stubborn.
5．She walked here and there on the playground as if (look) for something.
6. As an old saying goes, failure is never quite so (frighten) as regret.
7．A number of bombs have exploded in the downtown, seriously (injure) at least five people.
8．The doctor's reputation(名声) (ruin) in the accident. Nobody believed that he was innocent.
9．Knowing someone else cares and hearing an (express) of that caring make us feel less alone.
10．Even if you're running on a path or in a park with no cars, always be aware of other runners and (cycle)．
Ⅱ.单句改错(含本单元的词汇和语法)
1．At the end of the war, much of Europe and Asia was in ruin， and America stood alone as the world's economic superpower.
2．The meeting came to end and he set down many key points.
3．Maria looked at the picture, and then to my surprise she burst out shouts of laughter.
4. Judged from what he said just now, he must be an honest man.
5．The brother expressed in concern for everyone in the family but said nothing about what he himself was feeling.
6．John pretends as if he doesn’t know the thing at all, but in fact he knows it very well.
7．An appeal is being made for help for those whom lost their homes in the earthquake.
8．We entered the room, from its window we could see the tower clearly.
9．As China develops fast and steady, a number of foreigners is learning Chinese as a second language.
10．The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, buried her head in the novel.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
The Tangshan Earthquake was 1． natural disaster that occurred on July 28, 1976. It is believed to be the largest earthquake of the 20th century by death toll.
Just before the earthquake, strange things were happening: The water in the village wells rose and fell; a 2． (smell) gas came out of the cracks of the wells; the chickens and even the pigs were 3． nervous to eat. In the city the water pipes in some buildings cracked and 4． (burst)．
When the earth began to shake, it seemed as if the world was 5． an end.Even 1/3 of the nation felt the earthquake.A huge crack that was 8 kilometers long and 30 meters wide
cut6. houses. In 15 terrible seconds a large city 7． (lie) in ruins. 2/3 of the people died or 8． (injure) during the earthquake.
The number of people 9． were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
All of the city's hospitals, 75%of its factories and buildings and 90%of its homes were 10． (go)．
知识巩固答案
Ⅰ.品句填词(用所给词的适当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词)
1．Her friends expressed their congratulations (congratulate) to her when they heard the good news.
2．We were_shocked (shock) when we heard they had got killed in the accident.
3．There is worldwide concern about the destruction (destroy) of the rainforests.
4．It is useless (use) arguing with Bradford, because he is too stubborn.
5．She walked here and there on the playground as if looking (look) for something.
6. As an old saying goes, failure is never quite so frightening (frighten) as regret.
7．A number of bombs have exploded in the downtown, seriously injuring (injure) at least five people.
8．The doctor's reputation(名声) was_ruined (ruin) in the accident. Nobody believed that he was innocent.
9．Knowing someone else cares and hearing an expression (express) of that caring make us feel less alone.
10．Even if you're running on a path or in a park with no cars, always be aware of other runners and cyclists (cycle)．
Ⅱ.单句改错(含本单元的词汇和语法)
1．At the end of the war, much of Europe and Asia was in ， and America stood alone as the world's economic superpower.
2．The meeting came to end and he set down many key points.
3．Maria looked at the picture, and then to my surprise she burst / of laughter.
4. from what he said just now, he must be an honest man.
5．The brother expressed in concern for everyone in the family but said nothing about what he himself was feeling.
6．John pretends as if he know the thing at all, but in fact he knows it very well.
7．An appeal is being made for help for those lost their homes in the earthquake.
8．We entered the room, from window we could see the tower clearly.
9．As China develops fast and steady, a number of foreigners learning Chinese as a second language.
10．The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, her head in the novel.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
The Tangshan Earthquake was 1．a natural disaster that occurred on July 28, 1976. It is believed to be the largest earthquake of the 20th century by death toll.
Just before the earthquake, strange things were happening: The water in the village wells rose and fell; a 2．smelly (smell) gas came out of the cracks of the wells; the chickens and even the pigs were 3．too nervous to eat. In the city the water pipes in some buildings cracked and 4．burst (burst)．
When the earth began to shake, it seemed as if the world was 5．at an end.Even 1/3 of the nation felt the earthquake. A huge crack that was 8 kilometers long and 30 meters wide cut 6.across houses. In 15 terrible seconds a large city 7．lay (lie) in ruins. 2/3 of the people died or 8．were_injured (injure) during the earthquake.
The number of people 9．who/that were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
All of the city's hospitals, 75%of its factories and buildings and 90%of its homes were 10．gone (go)．
必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes
重点单词
1．crack n．裂缝；噼啪声 vt.& vi.(使)开裂；破裂
2．event n．事件；大事
3．ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产
4．track n．轨道；足迹；痕迹
5．useless adj.无用的；无效的；无益的
6．trap vt.使陷入困境 n．陷阱；困境
7．bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
8．shelter n．掩蔽；掩蔽处 vt.掩蔽，遮蔽；庇护
9．damage n．& vt.损失；损害
10．sincerely adv.真诚地；真挚地
11．outline n．要点；大纲；轮廓
12．headline n．报刊的大字标题
13．earthquake；quake n．地震
14．burst n．突然破裂；爆发 vi.爆裂；爆发→burst (过去式)→burst (过去分词)
15．nation n．民族；国家；国民→national adj.国家的；民族的→nationality n．国籍
16．extreme adj.极度的→extremely adv.极其；非常
17．injure vt.损害；伤害→injury n．损害；伤害→injured adj.受伤的
18．destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭→destruction n．毁坏；毁灭
19．shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动 n．休克；打击；震惊→shocked adj.震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的
20．rescue n．& vt.援救；营救→rescuer n．救援者
21．electricity n．电；电流；电学→electric adj.用电的→electrical adj.与电有关的；电气科学的
22．disaster n．灾难；灾祸→disastrous adj.毁灭性的；灾难的
23．mine n．矿；矿山；矿井→miner n．矿工
24．frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬→frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的
25．congratulation n．祝贺；(pl.)贺词→congratulate vt.祝贺
26．judge n．裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决→judg(e)ment n．意见；判断力；审判
27．express vt.表示；表达 n．快车；速递→expression n．表达；表示；表情
重点短语
1．right_away 立刻；马上
2．as_if 仿佛；好像
3．at_an_end 结束；终结
4．in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
5．dig_out 掘出；发现
6．a_(great)_number_of 许多；大量的
7．judge_by/from 根据/由……判断
8．be_buried_in 埋头于
重点句型
1．部分否定的用法
All hope was not lost.(教材P26)
2．everywhere引导状语从句
Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.(教材P26)
3．“all of＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.(教材P30)
4．be doing sth when…意为“正在做某事这时(突然)……”
The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.(教材P31)
语法要点
定语从句(Ⅰ)(that, which, who和whose引导)
1．A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.(教材P26)
2．The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.(教材P26)
3．Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.(教材P26)
4．Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.(教材P26)
1burst vi.& vt.(burst, burst)爆裂；爆发；突然出现
n．[C]突然破裂；爆发
In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.(教材P26)
在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。
(1)burst in/into 闯入；突然破门而入
(2) 突然哭起来/笑起来
(3)burst into
(4)burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支
(5)a burst of 一阵……
①The police burst in/into the house and arrested the gang.
警察突然闯进房子逮捕了那帮人。
②Aileen burst out crying (cry) for a while, and burst into laughter (laugh) for another moment, which left us at a loss.
艾琳一会儿突然哭起来，一会儿又突然笑起来，这使我们一头雾水。
③He burst with anger when he found out the truth.
当发现真相后他勃然大怒。
④Reading The Emperor's New Clothes, I had to let out a burst of laughter over his foolishness.
读了《皇帝的新装》，我不禁为他的愚蠢而捧腹大笑。
2ruin n．[U]毁灭；毁坏；[pl.] 废墟；遗迹
vt.毁坏；(使)破产；(使)堕落
In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.(教材P26)
在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就沦为了废墟。
(1)
(2)ruin
①A large number of churches fell into ruin after the war.
战争过后，许多教堂都被毁了。
②Bad weather ruined our holidays.
坏天气把我们的假日全给搅了。
3injure vt.损害；伤害
Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.(教材P26)
他们中有三分之二的人在地震中伤亡。
(1)injure one's pride/feelings/reputation
伤害某人的自尊心/感情/名声
(2)
(3)
①This could seriously injure the company's reputation.
这会严重损害公司的声誉。
②Her boyfriend was badly injured in an accident and he may become a vegetable.
她男朋友在事故中受伤严重，可能会变成植物人。
③When we reached the scene of the accident, we were told that the injured (injure) had been sent to the nearest hospital.
当我们到达事故现场时，我们被告知伤员已经被送往最近的医院。
④Last week, four police officers suffered serious injuries (injure) in the explosion.
上周，4名警官在爆炸中受重伤。
【比较网站】
injure
指由于意外或事故而受伤，精神上的伤害多用hurt。
hurt
受伤，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害。
wound
指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤，尤指战争中、战斗中受伤。
4bury vt.埋藏；掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸；使专心
The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(教材P26)
军队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。
(1) 埋头于……；专心于……
(2)bury one's face/head in (one's) hands双手掩面/抱头
①Ever since he moved there, he has_buried (bury) himself in his research work.
＝Ever since he moved there, he has_been_buried (bury) in his research work.
自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。
②Buried (bury) in his study, he didn't know that all the others had left.
他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。
③She buried her face in her hands and cried when she heard the bad news.
当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。
【提示】 表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有：
be devoted to, be lost/engaged/absorbed in, focus/concentrate on, fix/concentrate one's attention on。
5judge n．裁判员；法官
vt.断定；判断；判决
Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.(教材P30)
五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都同意这是今年最好的。
(1)
(2)judging by/from从……上看；根据……判断
(3)
①If he had played a part in the film, he would have_been_judged (judge) to be the best actor this year.
如果他当时出演了那部电影的话，他就会被评定为今年的最佳男演员了。
②Judging (judge) from the above story, we can draw the conclusion that we don't judge a book by/from its cover.
从上面的故事判断，我们可以得出这样的结论：我们不要以貌取人。
③In my judgement (judge), it is necessary to pay him a visit.
在我看来，有必要去拜访一下他。
【提示】 judging from/by表示“从……来看；根据……来判断”，用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。
1at an end 结束；终结
It seemed as if the world was at an end! (教材P26)
似乎世界末日来临了！
(1)
(2)make (both) ends meet使收支相抵；量入为出
(3)
(4)
①They had reached a divorce settlement, which effectively announced their marriage came to an end.
他们已经签署离婚协议，该协议正式宣告他们婚姻的终结。
②Her sudden arrival put an end to their meeting.
她的忽然到来使他们的会议终止了。
③His efforts were well paid in the end.
他的努力终于得到了回报。
④At first the actor refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing (apologize)．
最初这名男演员拒绝承担有任何责任，到头来还是道了歉。
2a (great) number of 许多；大量的
Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.(教材P27)
那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生时人们正在睡觉。
(1)
(2)the number of＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语
(3)＋不可数名词
(4)
(5)many a＋可数名词单数＋单数谓语
①Now a great number of college graduates are (be) seeking to get a high-paid job. But the number of posts available for them is (be) often not enough.
如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份高薪的工作，但适合他们的岗位的数量却经常不足。
②A great deal of money was_donated (donate) to a university by an ordinary worker, which aroused public attention.
一位普通工人向一所大学捐赠了很多钱，这引起了公众的关注。
③With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are_being_washed (wash) away.
由于越来越多的森林被砍伐，大量的土壤正被冲走。
【提示】 “large quantities/amounts of＋n.”作主语时谓语动词用复数，而“a large quantity/amount of＋n.”作主语时谓语动词用单数。
1all…not…并非所有的……都……
All hope was not lost.(教材P26)
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
【句式点拨】
该句是表示部分否定的句型。all…not…＝not all…，意为“并非所有的……都……”。
(1)英语中的all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, completely, always, whole, entirely 等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。
(2)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer, no way 等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。
①It's impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because not all of them are fit for them.
＝It's impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because all of them aren't fit for them.
并非所有的求职者都能找到工作，因为并非所有人都胜任这些工作。
②I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with everything.
我同意你说的大部分内容，但我并非同意你讲的一切。
③Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Great Wall.
我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观长城。
2be doing sth when…意为“正在做某事这时(突然)……”
The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.(教材P31)
那个人正在楼下睡觉，突然发生了地震。
【句式点拨】
句中when为连词，引导时间状语从句，意义上相当于at that time，意为“就在这时(那时)”，往往具有突然性。
①I was going out when I heard a knock at the door.
我正要出门时听到了敲门声。
②I was_having (have) supper when it suddenly rained.
我正在吃饭，这时突然下起雨来。
【拓展延伸】
when用作此意义的连词时的常见句型有：
(1)be doing sth when 正在做某事，这时(突然)……
(2)be about to do sth when 正准备做某事，突然……
(3)be on the point of doing sth when 正要做某事，这时……
(4)had just done sth when 刚做完某事，突然……
