Module 4 Planes, ships and trains
一、学习目标:
A. 单词和短语：
road, accident, except, far, far away, crowded, choice, classmate, all the time, journey, book, outside, close, park, however, cost
B. 交际用语：
1. What happened?
2. Don’t worry.
3. —Who lives the closest to school?
— Lingling lives closest.
4. — What is the most comfortable way to go to school for Betty?
— By taxi.
5. — What’s the most expensive way to go to school?
— Going by taxi is the most expensive.
6. How do you get there?
7. What’s the cheapest way?
8. What’s the best way to get there?
9. — What’s the cheapest way to travel from London to Paris?
— The cheapest way is by coach.
10. It’s the most comfortable way, but it’s the most expensive.
11. He lives farthest from school.
12. It is the fastest and the second cheapest.
13. The more information, the better.
二. 教学目标
1. Function: Describing and comparing modes of transportation.
2. Structure: Superlative adjectives and adverbs (-est, most); irregular superlatives.
3. Skills: 1) Listening and understanding familiar topics (transportation)
2) Comparing modes of transportation.
3) Reading and finding specific transportation
4) Writing a short passage comparing modes of transportation.
4. Around the world: The longest railway
5. Task: Making a holiday plan for a family trip to a city in China.
三、重点及难点:
Superlative adjectives and adverbs (-est, most); irregular superlatives.
四、教学设计:
Unit 1 He lives the farthest from school.
Ⅰ Teaching model
Listening and speaking
Ⅱ Teaching method
PWP approach
Ⅲ Teaching aims
1. Key vocabulary: road, accident, except, far, far away, crowded, choice, classmate, close, all the time
2. Key structures: superlative adjectives and adverbs (-est, most); irregular superlatives.
3. Key sentences:
1) What happened?
2) Don’t worry.
3) — Who lives the closest to school?
— Lingling lives closest.
4) — What is the most comfortable way to go to school for Betty?
— By taxi.
5) — What’s the most expensive way to go to school?
— Going by taxi is the most expensive.
Ⅳ Teaching aids
Tape recorder, OHP, video
Ⅴ Teaching Steps
Step 1 Warming-up
1. Work in pairs. Show some pictures and ask “How do you often go to school/work?”
“How do you often travel?”
2. Look and say something about the pictures.
Step 2 New words
Using pictures or sentences to learn the new words.
Step 3 Listening and vocabulary
1. Ask the students to read the words in Activity 1.
bus ship taxi train underground
2. Look at the pictures in Activity 1 carefully.
3. Now match the words with the pictures.
5. Check the answers with the students.
Step 4 Look, listen and match.
1. Ask the students to read the words in Activity 2.
busy cheap expensive modern
2. Play the recording and ask the students to listen to the recording carefully.
T: Listen and match the words in the box with the pictures in Activity 1. You need to use one word more than once.
3. Check the answers with the students.
4. Listen again and complete the sentences.
1) _____________________ is the most modern train in the world now.
2) _________ is the most expensive way to travel around London.
3) ____________ is the cheapest way to travel around Beijing.
4) ___________________ is the busiest underground in the world.
5) _________ is the cheapest way to get from England to France.
Step 5 Reading
1. Listen and answer the questions.
1) How does Tony go to school? Why?
2) How does Lingling go to school? Why?
3) How does Daming go to school? Why?
4) How do you think Betty will go to school?
2. Ask the students to read the conversation silently.
3. Ask the students to read the conversation again and complete the table.
Betty
Tony
Lingling
Daming
Ways to go to school
3. Check the answers.
Step 6 Language points
1. Maybe I should go to school by taxi. 或许我应该坐出租车去上学。
by 和表示交通工具的名词（名词前没有任何冠词）连用，意思是“乘、坐”。
e.g. travel by train/car/ship/ underground/boat/bus/taxi
乘火车/汽车/轮船/地铁/小船/公交车/出租车出行
2. except prep. 除……之外
强调被除去的部分不包括在内, 常与all, every, no, nothing等含有整体意义的词连用, 除去的部分常与整体是同类事物。
e.g. We have an English lesson every day except Sunday.
All the students went to the museum last Sunday except him.
【运用】
1) 根据句意及所给汉语提示写出句中所缺单词。
Everyone else in my class was invited ________(除了) me, and I don’t know why. (2013?山东滨州)
2) 根据句意及首字母提示补全句中所缺单词。
The restaurant is open every day e_______ Monday. (2013?浙江宁波)
3. That’s a good choice…
choice作名词，意为“选择”。
e.g. You have two choices in the club — swimming and running.
make a choice意为“作出选择”。
e.g. I believe you can make a good choice between money and friends.
Step 7 Practice
1. Ask the students to read the words or expression in the box in Activity 5.
accident crowded except most modern
2. Read through the sentences.
1) All the students take the bus to school ___________ Sam.
2) The ___________ train in the world is the Shanghai airport train.
3) I saw a(n) __________ on the way to school yesterday.
4) I do not take the bus to school because it is usually very ___________.
3. Complete the sentences with the correct words from the box.
4. Check the answers.
Step 8 Complete the sentences.
1. Ask the students to read the words in the box in Activity 4.
close comfortable good far
2. Read the sentences.
1) The _________________ way to go to school is by taxi.
2) Tony lives the __________ from school.
3) Lingling’s home is the _________ to school, so she always walks.
4) For Betty, going to school by bike is the ______ choice.
3. Complete the sentences with the correct words from the box.
4. Check the answers.
Step 9 Grammar
I. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.
close comfortable far good
1. The _________________ way to go to school is by taxi.
2. Tony lives the __________ from school.
3. Lingling’s home is the _________ to school, so she always walks.
4. For Betty, going to school by bike is the ______ choice.
II. 形容词、副词的最高级
当我们对三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，可以用形容词或副词的最高级形式来表达。
一、形容词、副词最高级的构成规则
请根据以下例子，总结形容词、副词最高级的规则变化规律。
【例子】
1. fast→fastest????? tall→tallest ??? short→shortest
2. close→closest??? nice→nicest??? late→latest
3. big→biggest?????? fat→fattest???? hot→hottest
4. early→earliest??? noisy→noisiest????easy→easiest
5. careful→most careful ? ??dangerous→most dangerous ? ? ??slowly→most slowly
【结论】
从以上例子我们可以看出，形容词、副词最高级的规则变化有两种方式：
1.?单音节和少数双音节单词
一般在词尾直接加_____；
以字母e结尾的词直接加____；
以重读闭音节结尾的词, 如末尾只有一个
辅音字母, 应先______该字母，再加_____；
以“辅音字母+y”?结尾的词，先把y变成___, 再加_____。
2.?大部分双音节和多音节形容词或副词构成最高级时，要在单词前加_____。
注意：常见的形容词、副词最高级的不规则变化如下：
many / much→most?????? good, well→best
far→farthest / furthest???
bad / ill, badly→worst little→least
二、形容词、副词的最高级句子结构
结构为“主语+谓语+ the +形容词或副词的最高级+比较范围”，比较范围常用介词of, in, among等构成的短语表示。
注意：形容词的最高级前一般要加定冠词the，而副词的最高级前定冠词the可加，也可不加。当最高级前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时，不加定冠词the。如：
My best friend Mary is from the?US.
【运用】单项选择。
1) Water is the cheapest drink. And it's also ________.
A. healthier ?? ????? B. healthiest
C. the healthier? ?? D. the healthiest
【2014?河北】
2) — Have you watched?A Bite of China?recently?
— Of course. I do believe Chinese food is ________ in the world.
A. the most delicious? ???????
B. more delicious
C. delicious
【2014?山西】
3) Lucy is a(n) ________ student. She answers the teachers' questions ________ in her class.
A. more active; more actively
B. active; more actively
C. more active; the most actively
D. active; the most actively
【2014?陕西】
Step 10 Pronunciation and speaking.
1. Play the recording once without stopping.
2. Play the recording again and ask the whole class to repeat.
1) —Who lives the closest to school?
— Lingling lives closest.
2) — What is the most comfortable way to go to school for Betty?
— By taxi.
3. Ask the students to listen and underline the speaker stresses.
4. Now listen again and repeat.
Step 11 Work in pairs.
1. Ask the students to read the words or expression in the box in Activity 7.
2. Read the example with the class.
— What’s the most expensive way to go to school?
— Going by taxi is the most expensive.
3. Ask and answer questions about the ways of going to school.
Step 12 Exercises
I. 根据语境及所给汉语提示语写出所缺单词。
1. It is difficult to drive on this country _______ (公路).
2. More than ten __________(交通事故) happened in that street last month.
3. Everyone in our class has a bike ________ (除……之外) Robert.
4.?Tony doesn't have a good ________(选择), so he keeps working hard.
5. Many of my __________(同班同学) would like to walk to school.
6. Do you know how _____(远的) it is from Beijing to Guangzhou?
7. Don't stand too _______(接近地) to the tiger! It is dangerous.
8. I think nobody would like to travel on a(n) ________(拥挤的) bus.
II. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子, 每空一词 (含缩略形式)。
1.?今天早上我哥哥上学没迟到。
This morning my brother ________ ______ ____ school.
2.?你们学校离火车站远吗？
_____ your school _______ _______ the train station?
3.?他的相机和我的一样。
His camera is _____ _______ ____ mine.
4.?你可以乘地铁去医院。
You can _____ _____ _____________ to the hospital.
5.?乘出租车去最快。
Going ____ ______ is the fastest.
6.?约翰一直在家玩电脑游戏。
John is playing computer games at home _____ ____ ______.
Step 13 Homework
1. Remember the new words and phrases in the lesson.
2. Review Grammar.
3. Finish the exercises in the workbook.
Unit 2 What is the best way to travel?
Ⅰ Teaching model
Reading and writing.
Ⅱ Teaching method
Top-down approach
Ⅲ Teaching aims
1. Listening and understanding familiar topics (transportation)
2. Comparing modes of transportation.
3. Reading and finding specific transportation
4. Writing a short passage comparing modes of transportation.
Ⅳ Teaching Objectives
1. Key vocabulary: journey, book, outside, choice, however, cost
2. Keys structure: Superlative adjectives and adverbs (-est, most); irregular superlatives.
Ⅴ Teaching aids
Recorder, OHP, video
Ⅵ Teaching Steps
Step 1 Revision
从各题后所给的选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1. Of all the subjects, English is ____ for me.
A. interesting ? B. more interesting
C. the most interesting??
D. much more interesting
2. Mrs Zhang is one of ______ teachers in our school. We all like her.
A. popular??? ?????B. more popular??????? C. the most popular
3. —Who ran ______ of all in the sports meeting?
—Hector did, I think.
A. fast ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. faster
C. the fastest?????? ???? D. more fast
4. We held a concert in the hall yesterday. Kate sang ______ among the singers.
A. good?? ??????????????????B. well??? C. better? ?????????????????D. best
Step 2 Work in pairs.
1. Talk about the ways to go to a city that you like to visit.
How do you get there?
What’s the cheapest way to get there?
What’s the best way to get there?
2. Show some pictures.
3. Talk something about the pictures.
Step 3 New words
Learn some new words.
Step 4 Reading.
1. Play the recording and listen to the tape carefully.
2. Ask the students to read through the passage.
3. Read the passage and number the ways of travelling from the most expensive to the least expensive in Activity 2.
4. Check the answers.
5. Read the passage and complete the table.
Ways of travelling
Good points
Bad points
Train
more relaxing than by coach
more expensive than by coach
Car and ship
Coach
Plane
6. Check the answers.
7. Complete the passage.
1) Ask the students to read the words in the box in Activity 4.
choice cost However journey outside
2) Ask the students to read through the passage in Activity 4.
There are four ways to travel from London to Amsterdam. The first (1) ________ is by train because the (2) ________ takes only four hours. (3) ________, it’s quite expensive. Going by car and by ship, or coach does not (4) ________ as much as going by train. When you go by car and by ship, remember that parking in Amsterdam is not cheap, so it is best to stay (5) ________ the city centre and travel in by bus or by train.
3) Complete the passage with the correct form of the words from the box.
4) Check the answers.
Step 5 Language points
1. I am planning to travel from London to Amsterdam.
我正计划从伦敦到阿姆斯特丹旅行。
plan在此处作动词, 常构成plan to do sth. 短语, 意为“计划做某事”。
plan还可以作名词, 常构成make a plan短语， 意为“制定计划；制定方
案”。
【运用】
1) — The picnic is only in three days. Have you made any _______?
— Not yet. So let's discuss what to prepare.
A. wishes ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. plans??
C. mistakes???? ????????????? D. friends
? (2014?浙江台州)
2) I plan _______ shopping with my mother this afternoon.
A. go ? ? ? ? ? B. going?? ??? C. to go ? ? ? D. to going
2. The more information, the better. 信息越多越好。
“the +比较级，the + 比较级”是个固定句型，意为“越… …，就越… …”。
e.g. The older he gets, the happier he is.
他越活越开心。
The more she learns, the more she wants to learn.
?? ? 她越学越想学。
【运用】
1) Study hard! ____ you study, _____ results you’ll get.
A. Harder; better B. The harder; better
C. The harder; the better D. Harder; the better
2) Dear students, please read every sentence carefully. ______ you are, _______
mistakes you’ll make.
A. The more carefully, the fewer B. The more careful, the less
C. The more carefully, the less D. The more careful, the fewer
3. How long does the journey take and what is the best way to travel?
这趟旅行大概要花多长时间呢? 哪一种方式最好？
how long可以用来询问时间, 意为“多长时间”。
how long也可以用来询问长度, 意为“多长”。
【运用】
1) — _____ will the fog and haze last?
— I've no idea. There is no sign of an end.
A. How soon ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. How far??
C. How long ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. How often
(2014?江苏连云港)
2) — _____ will you stay here for the meeting?
— Until the day after tomorrow.
A. How long??? ????? B. How often C. How much
3) — _______ is the bridge?
— 1,050 metres.
A. How soon ??????? B. How long?? C. How often
辨析journey/travel/trip
journey名词，意为“旅行”、“旅程”。常指远距离的或陆地的旅行。一般指单程，不回到出发地的旅行。
travel 名词，意为“旅行”。泛指一般意义的旅行，不能特指某一次的旅行。前面可以用物主代词，但不能与many或数词连用。
trip名词，意为“旅行”、“远足”。常指近距离的旅行或远足。一般指双程，还回到出发地的旅行。
4. A journey by train is more relaxing than by coach, but a lot more expensive.
坐火车旅行要比坐汽车更放松, 但会贵很多。
在比较级前添加a lot, much, a little, a bit等词, 可以说明程度; 添加 even, still 等词, 可以表示强调。
e.g. Tom’s room is a bit bigger than Lily’s.
汤姆的房间比莉莉的大一点儿。
This will make our job even more difficult.
这将会使我们的工作更加困难。
You will get there a lot faster if you take a plane.
如果你坐飞机去那里会快得多。
5. And it takes you about twelve hours to get there. However, it will not cost as much as going by train.
途中大概需要12个小时, 但是花费比坐火车少。
辨析take/spend/ pay/ cost
take多表示花费时间，常用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.这一句型中，其中it作形式主语。如：
It usually takes me 40 minutes to cook the dinner.
spend多表示花费时间和金钱，主语通常是人，常用于sb. spend(s) some time / money on sth.和sb. spend(s) some time / money (in) doing sth.两种句型。如：
David spent 2,000 yuan on the new machine.
My father spends an hour (in) watching the news on TV every day.
pay多表示花费金钱，主语通常是人，常用于sb. pay(s) some money for sth.句型。 如：
Tommy paid 20 yuan for his breakfast yesterday.
cost多表示花费金钱，主语通常是物，常用于sth. cost(s) (sb.) some money. 句型。如：
The new dress cost Linda 80 yuan.
【运用】
1) — I _______ a lot of time playing computer games every day.
— Oh, boy. It's bad for your eyes.
A. spend ? B. take??? C. pay
(2014?四川广安)
2) The bag was very good, and she ______ 30 percent down for it.
A. paid ? ? ? ? ?? B. cost??? ??? C. bought ? ? ? ? D. spent
? (2014?江苏苏州)
3) How much did it _______ you to study in?Australia?
A. spend?? ?? ?????? B. take??? ??? C. pay ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. cost
根据句意用take, spend, pay或cost的适当形式填空。
1) That new car ______?them lots of money.
2) Mona ______ 50 yuan on the books just now.
3) It usually ______? me an hour to do my homework.
4) You should _______ some time practising your pronunciation.
5) My brother _____?4, 000 yuan for the new computer yesterday.
Step 6 Writing
Work in pairs.
Ask and answer about the ways of travelling. Use the information in the table.
— What’s the cheapest way to travel from London to Paris?
— The cheapest way is by coach.
Ways of travelling
Cost
Time
Comfortable
Interesting
London- Paris
Coach
￡20
10 hours
*
**
Plane
￡80
1 hour
**
*
Train
￡60
3 hours
***
***
Tip: Using the superlative forms of the words.
Step 7 Exercises
I. 根据语境从方框中选出恰当的单词填空，有的需要变换形式。
1. His father has little time for a long ________.
2. Jane’s coat ______ thirty dollars.
3. This morning I called my grandmother. ________, she was not at home.
4. They asked me to ______ my car over there.
5. Who did you see ________ the library?
6. His uncle usually ______ the train ticket on the Internet.
II. 根据括号内所给英文提示语将下列句子翻译成英语。
1.?骑自行车从我们学校去动物园要花费半个小时。?(It takes ...)
2.?乘火车去广州和去福州要花费一样多的钱。?(as much as)
3.?昨天天气恶劣，他们不得不在机场等了两个小时。?(because of)
4.?我希望它能跑得和飞机一样快。( I hope ...)
Step 8 Writing task
Write a passage about ways of travelling from London to Paris. Use the information in Activity 5 and the passage in Activity 2 to help you.
Unit 3 Language in use
ⅠTeaching model
Revision and application
ⅡTeaching method
Formal and interactive practice
Ⅲ Teaching aims
1. Function: Describing and comparing modes of transportation.
2. Structure: Superlative adjectives and adverbs (-est, most); irregular superlatives.
3. Around the world: The longest railway
4. Task: Making a holiday plan for a family trip to a city in China.
Ⅳ Teaching aids
Tape recorder, OHP, handouts
Ⅴ Teaching Steps
Step 1 Revision
Present some pictures and talk about: how do you often travel?
Step 2 Language practice
1. Complete the sentences.
1) It’s ___________________ way, but it’s also __________________.
这是最舒服的旅行方式, 但也是最贵的。
2) He lives ___________ from school.
他住得离学校最远。
3) It is ___________ and __________ __________.
这是最快的方式, 也是第二便宜的。
4) _________ information, _________.
信息越多越好。
2. Ask the students to repeat the sentences.
Step 3 Summary
形容词、副词的最高级
1. 形容词?/?副词的最高级表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较, 常与in短语或of短语连用, 说明比较的范围。
2. 形容词的最高级前要加定冠词the, 而副词的最高级前面的the可以省略。
3. 形容词最高级可被second, third等序数词修饰。
4. “one of the +?形容词的最高级?+?可数名词复数形式”表示“最……之一”。
Step 4 Complete the sentences.
1. Ask the students to read through the sentences in Activity 1.
1) This bus takes the _________ (long) and goes the _________ (slow).
2) The new train travels _________ (fast) of all the trains in the world.
3) The _________ (cheap) way to get there is by coach.
4) I am in a hurry. What’s the _________ (fast) way?
5) The fastest way to travel is by plane, but it is also the _________ (expensive).
2. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the words in brackets.
3. Check the answers.
Step 5 Complete the conversation.
1. Ask the students to read through the sentences in Activity 2.
a) By plane, but you have to go to the airport by taxi and that takes time too.
b) The cheapest way is going by train,
c) The most comfortable way is going by train, but it takes more time, than going by plane.
d) There are three ways: by plane, by train and by coach.
2. Complete the conversation with the sentences in the box.
3. Check the answers.
4. Read the conversation together.
Step 6 Complete the conversation.
1. Ask the students to read through the words in the box in Activity 3.
cheap close expensive good much slow
2. Read through the conversation in Activity 3.
A: What’s the (1) __________ way to go to Qingdao?
B: We can take a plane but that’s (2) __________. We can also take the train. It’s (3) __________, but it’s not so expensive.
B: The coach is the (4) __________ way to go and it takes (5) __________ time.
A: So how should we go?
B: I think the best way is by train because the train station is the (6) __________ to our home.
3. Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in the box.
4. Check the answers.
5. Read the conversation together.
Step 7 Complete the word map.
1. Complete the word map in Activity 4.
2. Learning to learn
Remember that putting words in groups (for example, bus, train, plane, taxi) makes them easier to learn. Make sure you give your groups a title (for example, Ways of travelling). Remember also that it’s useful to learn expressions as well as the words (for example, take a bus / plane / taxi, bus stop / train station).
Step 8 Work in pairs.
Choose a place you would like to visit. Ask and answer the questions about the ways by which you can get there.
1. What’s the cheapest way to get there?
2. What’s the most expensive way to get there?
3. What’s the fastest way to get there?
4. What’s the most comfortable way to get there?
5. What’s the safest way to get there?
Step 9 Complete the email.
1. Ask the students to read through the words in the box in Activity 6.
book choice cost travel trip
2. Read through the email in Activity 6.
FROM: Sally
TO: Tony
SUBJECT: Journey to China
Hi Tony,
My family is planning a journey to China in the summer. We want to visit Beijing first. Do you think we should (1) _________ the plane tickets early? After Beijing we want to visit Xi’an and Hangzhou, and maybe somewhere else. How can we (2) _________ from Beijing to Xi’an, by train or by plane? The (3) _________ is not so important, but the time is.
After Xi’an, we want to go to Hangzhou. Is it better to go to Shanghai first, or can we go from Xi’an to Hangzhou directly?
And after Hangzhou what’s the best (4) __________? Can we make a short (5) __________ to Suzhou? What do you think?
Thanks for your help.
Sally
3. Complete the email with the words in the box.
4. Check the answers.
5. Read together.
Step 10 Listening
1. Ask the students to read through the information in Activity 7 individually.
1 London
2 Birmingham
3 Oxford
4 Cambridge
a) the city with four million people
b) a small beautiful city
c) the most expensive city
d) the most interesting city
e) the biggest city
2. Play the tape.
3. Listen and match the cities with the information.
4. Ask the students to check with a partner.
5. Check the answers.
Step 11 Listening
1. Ask the students to read through the questions in Activity 8 individually.
1) Which city has the largest population?
2) Which cities have the oldest universities in the world?
3) Which city is the nearest to London?
4) What are the popular places for sightseeing in London?
2. Play the tape.
3. Listen again and answer the questions.
4. Check the answers.
Step 12 Around the world: The longest railway
1. Ask the students to look at the picture and discuss what they can see.
2. Read through the information with the whole class.
The Trans-Siberian Railway is the longest railway in the world. You can go from Moscow, the capital of Russia, to Vladivostok on the east coast. It is not the fastest way to travel from Moscow to Vladivostok, but it is the most interesting and also the most comfortable way.
3. Introduce something about “The longest railway”.
Step 13 Module task: Make a holiday plan for a family trip to a city in China.
1. Work in groups. Make a holiday plan for a family trip to a city in China.
? Find a map of China. Choose a city to visit and decide on the best way to get there.
? Make a list of things to do there.
? Present your plan to the class and make notes about other groups’ plans.
2. Work in groups. Choose the best plan.
Use your notes to compare the different plans and decide which one is best.
I think the trip to Shanghai by train is better because the journey is shorter and there are a lot of interesting places to visit in Shanghai.
Step 14 Homework
1. Write a holiday plan for a family trip.
2. Master the new words and useful expression in Module 4.
课件52张PPT。Module 4Module 4
Planes, ships and trainsUnit 1He lives the farthest from school.How do you often go to school/work?bikeMost of our classmates go to school by bike. It’s very cheap.busMy father goes to work by bus.taxiMum often goes to work by taxi.
It’s the most comfortable way.Many people take the underground to work. It’s crowded.undergroundsubwaytrainWe often travel by train. How do you often travel?shipThe Blacks are going to travel to London by ship. They travel to Beijing by plane. It’s the most expensive way.planeroad n. 路；
(尤指) 公路accident n.
交通事故；
意外事件New wordsclassmate
n. 同班同学e.g. I like every subject except math.
除了数学我每个学科都喜欢。except prep. 除……之外choice n. 选择e.g. You have three choices.
你有三个选择。far adv. 远; 遥远 adj. 远的; 遥远的
e.g. Have you come far?
你是远道来的吗？
I saw her on the far side of the road.
我看见她在马路那头。 far from 远离
后常接表示地点的名词或副词。 e.g. The school is far from my home.
学校离我家很远。close adj. (距离上)近的; 接近的
adv. (距离上)接近地
e.g. The bank is close to the school.
银行在学校附近。
They live quite close.
他们住得很近。e.g. crowded street 拥挤的街道
a crowded bar 挤满人的酒吧crowded adj.
拥挤的；
人数过多的crowd n. 人群; 观众
v. 挤满; 塞满all the time 一直; 不断地e.g. The letter was in my pocket all the time.
这封信一直在我的口袋里。Listening and vocabulary1. Match the words in the box with the pictures. bus ship taxi train underground trainshiptaxiundergroundbus2. Listen and match the words in the box with the pictures in Activity 1. You need to use one word more than once.1) _____________________ is the most modern train in the world now.
2) _________ is the most expensive way to travel around London.
3) ____________ is the cheapest way to travel around Beijing.Listen again and complete the
sentences.Shanghai airport trainThe taxiThe bus4) ___________________ is the busiest underground in the world.
5) _________ is the cheapest way to get from England to France.Tokyo undergroundThe shipListen and answer the questions.1. How does Tony go to school? Why?
2. How does Lingling go to school? Why?
3. How does Daming go to school? Why?
4. How do you think Betty will go to school?Read and complete the table.by bus (by bike)by undergroundwalk / on footby bus1. Maybe I should go to school by taxi.
或许我应该坐出租车去上学。by和表示交通工具的名词(名词前没有
任何冠词)连用，意思是“乘、坐”。 e.g. travel by train/car/ship/
underground/boat/bus/taxi
乘火车/汽车/轮船/地铁/船/公交车/
出租车旅行2. But nobody was late, except me.
但是除了我以外没有人迟到。
except prep. 除……之外
强调被除去的部分不包括在内, 常与all, every, no, nothing等含有整体意义的词连用, 除去的部分常与整体是同类事物。
e.g. We have an English lesson every day
except Sunday.
All the students went to the museum
last Sunday except him. 【运用】
1) 根据句意及所给汉语提示写出句中所
缺单词。
Everyone else in my class was invited ________(除了) me, and I don’t know why. (2013?山东滨州)
2) 根据句意及首字母提示补全句中所缺单词。
The restaurant is open every day e_______ Monday. (2013?浙江宁波)exceptexcept3. That’s a good choice…
choice作名词，意为“选择”。
e.g. You have two choices in the
club — swimming and running.
make a choice意为“作出选择”。
e.g. I believe you can make a good
choice between money and friends.Complete the sentences with the words or expression in the box.accident crowded except most modern1. All the students take the bus to school
________ Sam.
2. The ____________ train in the world is
the Shanghai airport train.
3. I saw a(n) _________ on my way to
school yesterday.
4. I do not take the bus to school because
it is usually very _________.exceptmost modernaccidentcrowded Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.close comfortable far good 1. The _________________ way to go
to school is by taxi.
2. Tony lives the __________ from
school.most comfortablefarthest3. Lingling’s home is the _________ to
school, so she always walks.
4. For Betty, going to school by bike is
the ______ choice. bestclosest形容词、副词的最高级当我们对三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，可以用形容词或副词的最高级形式来表达。
一、形容词、副词最高级的构成规则
请根据以下例子，总结形容词、副词最高级的规则变化规律。【例子】
1. fast→fastest????? tall→tallest ??? short→shortest
2. close→closest??? nice→nicest??? late→latest
3. big→biggest?????? fat→fattest???? hot→hottest
4. early→earliest??? noisy→noisiest????easy→easiest
5. careful→most careful ? ??
dangerous→most dangerous ? ? ??
slowly→most slowly【结论】
从以上例子我们可以看出，形容词、
副词最高级的规则变化有两种方式：
1.?单音节和少数双音节单词
一般在词尾直接加_____；
以字母e结尾的词直接加____；
以重读闭音节结尾的词, 如末尾只有一
个辅音字母, 应先______该字母，再加
_____；-est-st双写-est以“辅音字母+y”?结尾的词，先把y变成___, 再加_____。
2.?大部分双音节和多音节形容词或副词
构成最高级时，要在单词前加_____。
注意：常见的形容词、副词最高级的不
规则变化如下：
many / much→most???good, well→best
far→farthest / furthest???
bad / ill, badly→worst little→leastmost i-est二、形容词、副词的最高级句子结构
结构为“主语+谓语+ the +形容词或副词的最高级+比较范围”，比较范围常用介词of, in, among等构成的短语表示。
注意：形容词的最高级前一般要加定冠词the，而副词的最高级前定冠词the可加，也可不加。当最高级前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时，不加定冠词the。如：
My best friend Mary is from the?US.【运用】单项选择。
1) Water is the cheapest drink. And it's
also ________.
A. healthier ?? ????? B. healthiest
C. the healthier? ?? D. the healthiest
【2014?河北】2) — Have you watched?A Bite of
China?recently?
— Of course. I do believe Chinese food
is ________ in the world.
A. the most delicious? ???????
B. more delicious
C. delicious
【2014?山西】3) Lucy is a(n) ________ student. She answers the teachers' questions ________ in her class.
A. more active; more actively
B. active; more actively
C. more active; the most actively
D. active; the most actively
【2014?陕西】Listen and underline the words the speaker stresses.
1. —Who lives the closest to school?
— Lingling lives closest.
2. — What is the most comfortable way
to go to school for Betty?
— By taxi.
Now work in pairs. Listen again and repeat.Pronunciation and speakingAsk and answer questions about the ways of going to school. Use the words in the box to help you.bike bus cheap comfortable crowded expensive fast popular safe taxi underground walking Work in pairs — What’s the most expensive way to go
to school?
— Going by taxi is the most expensive.
— How about by bus, is it a good way to
go to school?
— It is cheap, but so crowded.I. 根据语境及所给汉语提示语写出所缺单词。
1. It is difficult to drive on this country _______ (公路).
2. More than ten __________(交通事故) happened in that street last month.
3. Everyone in our class has a bike ________ (除……之外) Robert.accidents roadexcept 4.?Tony doesn't have a good ________(选择), so he keeps working hard.
5. Many of my __________(同班同学) would like to walk to school.
6. Do you know how _____(远的) it is from Beijing to Guangzhou?
7. Don't stand too _______(接近地) to the tiger! It is dangerous.
8. I think nobody would like to travel on a(n) ________(拥挤的) bus.crowdedchoiceclassmates?far?close?II. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子, 每空一词 (含缩略形式)。
1.?今天早上我哥哥上学没迟到。
This morning my brother ________ ______ ____ school.
2.?你们学校离火车站远吗？
_____ your school _______ _______ the train station?far from? wasn’t ?late forIs3.?他的相机和我的一样。
His camera is _____ _______ ____ mine.
4.?你可以乘地铁去医院。
You can _____ _____ _____________ to the hospital.
5.?乘出租车去最快。
Going ____ ______ is the fastest.
6.?约翰一直在家玩电脑游戏。
John is playing computer games at home _____ ____ ______.all the timethe same as?take the undergroundby taxi?1. Remember the new words and phrases in the lesson.
2. Review Grammar.
3. Finish the exercises in the workbook. 课件55张PPT。Module 4 Module 4 Planes, ships and trainsUnit 2
What is the best way to travel?从各题后所给的选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1. Of all the subjects, English is ____ for me.
A. interesting ? B. more interesting
C. the most interesting??
D. much more interesting 2. Mrs Zhang is one of ______ teachers in our school. We all like her.
A. popular??? ????? B. more popular???????
C. the most popular
3. —Who ran ______ of all in the sports
meeting?
—Hector did, I think.
A. fast ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. faster
C. the fastest?????? ???? D. more fast 4. We held a concert in the hall yesterday. Kate sang ______ among the singers.
A. good?? ??????????????????B. well???
C. better? ?????????????????D. bestTalk about the ways to go to a city that you like to visit.
1. How do you get there?
2. What’s the cheapest way to get there?
3. What’s the best way to get there?Work in pairs book v. 预定e.g. book a table 订餐桌
book a ticket 订票New wordsjourney n. 旅行; 旅程park v. 停; 放(车); 泊(车)
e.g. You’re not allowed to park in this
street. 不准在这条街上停放车。outside prep. 在……之外
adv. 在外面; 朝户外
n. 外面; 外部
adj. 外部的; 外表的 反义词insidehowever adv. 然而; 但是
e.g. My room is small. It’s very
comfortable, however.
我的房间不大，但是非常舒适。however & but从语义上看，but所表示的是非常明显的对比，转折的意味比however强。
2. 从语法上看，but是个并列连词，而however却是个副词。3. 从语序上看，but总是位于它所引出的分句之首，而however却可位于分句之首、之中或之尾。
4. 从标点上看, but之后一般不使用逗号, 但however位于分句之首时, 通常用逗号; 位于分句之中时, 通常在其前、后各加一个逗号; 位于分句之尾时, 则必须在其前加逗号。e.g. He likes sports, but his wife likes music.
他喜欢运动, 而他妻子则喜欢音乐。
Later, however, he changed his mind.
可是他后来改变了主意。Listen and read.Number the ways of travelling from the most expensive to the least expensive.4132Read the passage and complete the table.the most comfortable way to travel the most expensive way to travelcheapest crowded in summer; taking a long timefastest and not very expensivemay have to wait for hours at the airport because of bad weatherComplete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.choice cost fast however journey outside There are four ways to travel from London to Amsterdam. The first (1) ________ is by train because the (2) ________ takes only four hours. (3) _________, it is quite expensive. choicejourneyHoweverGoing by coach does not (4) ______ as much as going by train. When you go by car and by ship, remember that parking in Amsterdam is not cheap, so it is best to stay (5) ________ the city centre and travel in by bus or by train. Going by plane is the (6) _______, but you need to go to the airport. It also takes time.costoutside fastest1. I am planning to travel from London to Amsterdam.
我正计划从伦敦到阿姆斯特丹旅行。
plan在此处作动词, 常构成plan to do
sth. 短语, 意为“计划做某事”。
plan还可以作名词, 常构成make a
plan短语， 意为“制定计划；制定方
案”。【运用】
1) — The picnic is only in three days. Have you made any _______?
— Not yet. So let's discuss what to prepare.
A. wishes ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. plans??
C. mistakes???? ????????????? D. friends
? (2014?浙江台州)2) I plan _______ shopping with my mother this afternoon.
A. go ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
B. going?? ???
C. to go ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
D. to going2. The more information, the better.
信息越多越好。
“the +比较级, the + 比较级”是个固定句型, 意为“越… …, 越… …”。
e.g. The older he gets, the happier he
is.
他越活越开心。
The more she learns, the more she
wants to learn.
?? ? 她越学越想学。【运用】
1) Study hard! ____ you study, _____ results you’ll get.
A. Harder; better
B. The harder; better
C. The harder; the better
D. Harder; the better2) Dear students, please read every sentence carefully. _______ you are, ________ mistakes you’ll make.
A. The more carefully, the fewer
B. The more careful, the less
C. The more carefully, the less
D. The more careful, the fewer 3. How long does the journey take and what is the best way to travel?
这趟旅行大概要花多长时间呢? 哪一种方式最好？
how long可以用来询问时间, 意为
“多长时间”。
how long也可以用来询问长度, 意为
“多长”。 【运用】
1) — _____ will the fog and haze last?
— I've no idea. There is no sign of
an end.
A. How soon ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. How far??
C. How long ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. How often
(2014?江苏连云港)2) — _____ will you stay here for the
meeting?
— Until the day after tomorrow.
A. How long??? ?????????
B. How often
C. How much3) — _______ is the bridge?
— 1,050 metres.
A. How soon ???????
B. How long??
C. How oftenjourney 名词，意为“旅行”、“旅程”。常指远距离的或陆地的旅行。一般指单程，不回到出发地的旅行。
travel 名词，意为“旅行”。泛指一般意义的旅行，不能特指某一次的旅行。前面可以用物主代词，但不能与many或数词连用。
trip 名词，意为“旅行”、“远足”。常指近距离的旅行或远足。一般指双程，还回到出发地的旅行。journey / travel / trip4. A journey by train is more relaxing
than by coach, but a lot more expensive.
坐火车旅行要比坐汽车更放松, 但会贵很多。
在比较级前添加a lot, much, a little, a bit等词, 可以说明程度; 添加 even, still 等词, 可以表示强调。
e.g. Tom’s room is a bit bigger than
Lily’s.
汤姆的房间比莉莉的大一点儿。This will make our job even more difficult.
这将会使我们的工作更加困难。
You will get there a lot faster if you take a plane.
如果你坐飞机去那里会快得多。5. And it takes you about twelve hours to get there. However, it will not cost as much as going by train.
途中大概需要12个小时, 但是花费比坐火车少。take多表示花费时间, 常用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.这一句型中，其中it作形式主语。如：
It usually takes me 40 minutes to cook the dinner.take / spend / pay / costspend多表示花费时间和金钱, 主语通常是人, 常用于sb. spend(s) some time / money on sth.和sb. spend(s) some time / money (in) doing sth.两种句型。如：
David spent 2,000 yuan on the new machine.
My father spends an hour (in) watching the news on TV every day.pay多表示花费金钱, 主语通常是人, 常用于sb. pay(s) some money for sth.句型。
如：
Tommy paid 20 yuan for his breakfast yesterday.
cost多表示花费金钱, 主语通常是物, 常用于sth. cost(s) (sb.) some money. 和It costs sb. some money to do sth.两种句型。如：
The new dress cost Linda 80 yuan.【运用】
1) — I _______ a lot of time playing computer games every day.
— Oh, boy. It's bad for your eyes.
A. spend ? B. take??? C. pay
(2014?四川广安)2) The bag was very good, and she ______ 30 percent down for it.
A. paid ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. cost??? ???
C. bought ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. spent
?(2014?江苏苏州)3) How much did it _______ you to study in?Australia?
A. spend?? ?? ?????? B. take??? ???
C. pay ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. cost根据句意用take, spend, pay或cost的适
当形式填空。
1) That new car ______?them lots of money.
2) Mona ______ 50 yuan on the books just now.cost?spent?3) It usually ______? me an hour to do my homework.
4) You should _______ some time practising your pronunciation.
5) My brother _____?4, 000 yuan for the new computer yesterday.paidtakes??spend?Ask and answer about the ways of travelling. Use the information in the table.
— What’s the cheapest way to travel
from London to Paris?
— The cheapest way is by coach.Work in pairs Using the superlative forms of the words. I. 根据语境从方框中选出恰当的单词填空，有的需要变换形式。 book journey however cost park outside 1. His father has little time for a long ________. journey?? book journey however cost park outside 2. Jane’s coat ______ thirty dollars.
3. This morning I called my grandmother. ________, she was not at home.
4. They asked me to ______ my car over there.park? ?costHowever5. Who did you see ________ the library?
6. His uncle usually ______ the train ticket on the Internet.book journey however cost park outside books ?outside?II. 根据括号内所给英文提示语将下列句子翻译成英语。
1.?骑自行车从我们学校去动物园要花费半个小时。?(It takes ...)
It takes half an hour to go to the zoo
from our school by bike.
2.?乘火车去广州和去福州要花费一样多的钱。?(as much as)
Going to?Guangzhou?by train costs as much as going to?Fuzhou.3.?昨天天气恶劣，他们不得不在机场等了两个小时。?(because of)
Yesterday they had to wait for two hours at the airport because of bad weather.
4.?我希望它能跑得和飞机一样快。( I
hope ...)
I hope (that) it can run as fast as a plane.Write a passage about ways of travelling from London to Paris. Use the information in Activity 5 and the passage in Activity 2 to help you.课件38张PPT。Module 4 Module 4
Planes, ships and trainsUnit 3
Language in useHow do you often travel?Revision—How do you often travel?
—I usually travel by plane. It is the
fastest. How about you?
—I often go by car. It is the most
comfortable way to travel.
—…Language practice1. It’s ___________________ way, but it’s also __________________.
这是最舒服的旅行方式, 但也是最贵的。
2. He lives ___________ from school.
他住得离学校最远。the most comfortablethe most expensivethe farthestComplete the sentences.3. It is ___________ and __________
__________.
这是最快的方式, 也是第二便宜
的。
4. _________ information, _________.
信息越多越好。the fastestcheapestthe second The morethe better1. 形容词?/?副词的最高级表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较, 常与in短语或of短语连用, 说明比较的范围。
2. 形容词的最高级前要加定冠词the, 而副词的最高级前面的the可以省略。形容词、副词的最高级 3. 形容词最高级可被second, third等序数词修饰。
4. “one of the +?形容词的最高级?+?可数名词复数形式”表示“最……之一”。PraticeI. Complete the sentences with the
correct form of the words in brackets.
1. This bus takes the _________ (long)
time because it is the _______ (slow).
2. The new train travels the _________
(fast) of all the trains in the world.
3. The _________ (cheap) way to get
there is by coach. longest
slowestfastestcheapest4. I am in a hurry. What is the _________
(fast) way to get there?
5. The fastest way to travel is by plane,
but usually it is also the
______________ (expensive).fastestmost expensive By plane, but you have to go to the
airport by taxi and that takes time too.
b) The cheapest way is going by coach, but
it is not very comfortable.
c) The most comfortable way is going by
train, but it takes more time than going
by plane.
d) There are three ways: by plane, by train
and by coach.II. Complete the conversation with the
sentences in the box.C: How can I get to Beijing from here?
TG: ______________________
C: Which is the fastest way?
TG: ______________________
C: Which is the cheapest way?
TG: ______________________
C: Which way is the most comfortable?
TG: ______________________
C: Customer TG: Tourist guide dabcIII. Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in the box.cheap close expensive
good much slowA: What’s the (1) ______ way to go
to Qingdao?
B: We can take a plane, but that’s (2)
_________. We can also take a bestexpensive train. It’s (3) _______, but it’s not so expensive. The coach is the (4) ________ way to go, but it takes the (5) ______ time.
A: So how should we go?
B: I think the best way is by train because the train station is the (6) ________ to our home. slowercheapestmostclosest IV. Complete the word map.Travellingbustraintaxiby taxitake a taxitaxi standplaneby bustake a busbus stopby traintake a traintrain stationby planetake a planeairportRemember: It is easier to learn words and expressions by putting them in groups with a title, for example, Travelling: take a bus/plane/taxi/train, by bus/plane/taxi/train, bus stop/airport/taxi stand/train station. Learning to learnV. Work in pairs. Choose a place you would like to visit. Ask and answer the questions about the ways by which you can get there. 1. What is the cheapest way to get there?2. What is the most expensive way to
get there?
3. What is the fastest way to get there?
4. What is the most comfortable way to
get there?
5. What is the safest way to get there?VI. Complete the email with the words in the box.book choice cost travel tripFROM: Sally
TO: Tony
SUBJECT: Journey to China
Hi Tony,
My family is planning a journey to China in the summer. We want to visitBeijing first. Do you think we should (1) _______ the plane tickets early? After Beijing, we want to visit Xi’an and Hangzhou, and maybe somewhere else. How can we (2) ______ from Beijing to Xi’an, by train or by plane? The (3) _____ is not so important, but the time is. booktravelcostAfter Xi’an, we want to go to Hangzhou. Is it better to go to Shanghai first, or can we go from Xi’an to Hangzhou directly?
And after Hangzhou what is the best (4) _______? Can we make a short (5) _______ to Suzhou? What do you think?
Thanks for your help.
Sallychoicetrip VII. Listen and match the cities with the information.1. London
2. Birmingham
3. Oxford
4. Cambridgea) the city with about four million people
b) a small beautiful city
c) the most expensive city
d) the most interesting city
e) the biggest city1. London
2. Birmingham
3. Oxford
4. CambridgeVIII. Listen again and answer the questions.
1. Which city has the largest population?
2. Which cities have the oldest
universities in the world?London.Oxford and Cambridge.3. Which city is the nearest to London?
4. What are the popular places for
sightseeing in London?Cambridge.Big Ben, Buckingham Palace and
Tower Bridge. The longest railway
The Trans-Siberian Railway is the longest railway in the world. You can go from Moscow, the capital of Russia, to Vladivostok on the east coast. It is not the fastest way to travel from Moscow to Vladivostok, but it is the most interesting and also the most comfortable way.Around the worldThe Trans-Siberian Railway was started in May 1891 and finished in 1916. It is about 10,000 kilometres long. 跨西伯利亚大铁路是世界上最长的铁路, 贯穿欧亚大陆, 连接俄罗斯的莫斯科、东西伯利亚和远东地区各大工业城市。全线长9288.2公里, 是全世界最长的铁路。铁路的最高点是亚布洛诺夫山口(海拔1019米)。2002年，这条铁路完成了全线电气化工程。历史上的跨西伯利亚大铁路只有东段, 即从车里雅宾斯克(南乌拉尔)到弗拉迪沃斯托克, 全长约7000公里, 于1891年到1916年间建成。今日的跨西伯利亚大铁路牢固地连接着俄罗斯的欧洲部分、乌拉尔、西伯利亚和远东地区。Module taskMaking a holiday plan
for a family trip to a city in ChinaMake a holiday plan for a family trip to a city in China.
? Find a map of China. Choose a city to
visit, and decide on the best way to get
there.
? Make a list of things to do there.
? Present your plan to the class, and
make notes about other groups’ plans.Work in groups I am planning a trip to ….
I want to go there by car, I think this is the most comfortable way to travel but also the most expensive….Choose the best plan.
Use your notes to compare the
different plans, and decide which one
is the best.
I think the trip to Shanghai by train is better because the journey is shorter and there are a lot of interesting places to visit in Shanghai.1. Write a holiday plan for a family trip.
2. Master the new words and useful
expression in Module 4.
