Cultural relics
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
(2018·沈阳市下学期高三第三次模拟考试试题)
Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man，a woman or a boy，a new study says.That's what researchers found when they played recordings of people for elephants in Kenya.Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals haven't shown.It lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isn't.The result shows that the clever animals are also studying people，said study author Karen McComb.
“Basically，they have developed this very rich knowledge of the humans that they share their habitat with，” said McComb，a professor at the University of Sussex in England.“Memory is key.They must build up that knowledge somehow.”
The study was released on Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
It's close to but not quite like the Dr.Seuss book，where the elephant Horton hears something that others can't hear.
McComb and colleagues went to Amboseli National Park in Kenya，where hundreds of wild elephants live among humans，sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water.The scientists used voice recordings of Maasai men，who on occasion kill elephants，and Kamba men，who are less of a threat to the elephants.
As a result，the elephants reacted more defensively—retreating and gathering in a bunch—to the Maasai language recording because it was associated with the more threatening human tribe，said study co-author Graeme Shannon.
They repeated the experiment with recordings of Maasai men and women.Since women almost never spear elephants，the animals reacted less defensively to the women's voices.The same thing happened when they substituted young boys' voices.“Making this kind of fine distinctions in human voice patterns is quite remarkable，” said Emory University animal cognition expert Frans de Waal，who was not part of the study.
1．Who were the people taking part in the study?
A．Frans de Waal and Karen McComb.
B．Dr.Seuss and Graeme Shannon.
C．Graeme Shannon and Frans de Waal.
D．Karen McComb and Graeme Shannon.
2．What can wild elephants benefit from their special ability?
A．Identifying and avoiding possible danger.
B．Growing much faster than any other animals.
C．Having a better understanding of humans.
D．Developing their language skills.
3．Which can replace the underlined word“substituted”in the last paragraph?
A．distinguished B．repeated
C．used D．compared
4．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Wild elephants can distinguish human languages.
B．The conflict between humans and wild elephants is growing.
C．Wild elephants use language skills to make discrimination.
D．Wild elephants can build up good memory and learn tricks.
【解题导语】研究表明野生大象能够识别男、女和男孩的声音，它们通过思维区分声音并判断谁能对他们产生威胁。
【难句分析】McComb and colleagues went to Amboseli National Park in Kenya，where hundreds of wild elephants live among humans，sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water.
分析：这是一个复合句。where引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作地点状语；sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water作伴随状语。
译文：McComb和同事去了位于肯尼亚的安博塞利国家公园，在那里有成百上千头野象与人类一起生活，他们有时因为水资源匮乏而发生冲突。
1．D 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的“study author Karen McComb”和第六段中的“study co-author Graeme Shannon”可知，Karen McComb和Groeme Shannon都参加了研究，故选D项。
2．A 考查推理判断。根据文章第一段中的“Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals haven't shown.It lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isn't”可知，这种高等的思维方式使野象能够分辨出谁能对他们造成威胁，这样它们可以避免可能的危险，故A项是正确的。
3．C 考查词义猜测。画线词所在句中的“The same thing happened”指的是前一句中的“the animals reacted less defensively to the women's voices”，画线词所在句讲的是野象对年轻男孩的声音做出的反应，说明当时研究者在对野象播放年轻男孩的声音，选C项。
4．A 考查主旨大意。根据文章第一句“Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man，a woman or a boy”和全文内容可知，野象能够通过人的声音区分不同人类群体的性别和年龄，故选A项(野象能够区分人类的语言)。
二、单句语法填空
1．(2017·北京高考)The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
答案：that 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the little problems，且从句中缺少宾语，故用that。
2．(2017·天津高考)My eldest son, ________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
答案：whose 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少非限制性定语从句的引导词，且与其后名词存在所属关系，故应用whose。
3．Mr Reed ________ (select) to represent us in the meeting has been sent to have a talk with them.
答案：selected 由句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语。select与其所修饰的Mr Reed之间为逻辑上的被动关系，因此填selected。
4．It was clearly ________(evidence) that the company was in great difficulties.
答案：evident It is/was evident that ... 是常用句型，意为“很明显……”。
5．Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how ________(survive) without friends in life.
答案：to survive “疑问词＋动词不定式”在本句中作表语，how to survive “怎么生存”。
6．I don't really fancy ________ (do) business with him.
答案：doing fancy doing ... “想要做……”。
7．He was severely criticized and ________ (remove) from his post.
答案：removed remove sb. from his post “开除某人”，此处是被动语态，因此填removed。
8．It is said that the early European playing cards ________ (design) for entertainment and education.
答案：were designed be designed for “为……而设计”。
9．We ________(face) the difficulty together, but why didn't you tell me?
答案：could have faced 由后一分句可知，前一分句谓语应用could have done结构，表示“过去我们本来可以共同面对困难”。
10．All the workers ________(belong) to the factory must obey the rule.
答案：belonging 由句子结构可知，此处应填belong的非谓语动词形式，workers与belong to之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。故用现在分词belonging to作后置定语。belong to无被动语态。
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2018·长沙市模拟)
Every morning，on my way to work，I see homeless people sleeping on sidewalks.Clearly，they're in need of __1__.I feel it a(n) __2__ to see this，and most people walk by, __3__ the homeless don't exist，and don't offer any help at all，not even a __4__.Recently，it's been extremely cold，making things especially __5__ for the homeless.
Usually I arrive at work around 8 am，when the homeless are still asleep.I'm not sure whether it's a good __6__ to leave something for them while they're __7__ ，as it may get stolen or they may not even __8__ it.
Today，I __9__ someone，who seemed to be homeless，sitting on the sidewalk，awake.I had some time __10__ I was due to start work，so I dashed across the street to ask if I could get anything for him to drink or eat.He wanted a cola，so I went and got this for him __11__ a banana.
I gave him the drink and banana，then went back to my office across the street，and went upstairs to get the bag I recently __12__ with everyday items.I'd been planning to give it to someone in need，so this was a great __13__.I hurried back to give the bag to the stranger，who was __14__.
Society may feel uncomfortable with homeless people.__15__ ，we must remember they're just like us.They're just down on their __16__ for different reasons.If we __17__ to those in need，our hearts will grow and we can __18__ make our world better.
Singer Phil Collins sang a song titled Another Day in Paradise，which __19__ us to be grateful for the many blessings we have and not to __20__ those who are less fortunate.
1．A.balance B．significance
C．performance D．assistance
2．A.duty B．regret
C．advance D．equality
3．A.imagining B．expecting
C．pretending D．announcing
4．A.word B．hug
C．pity D．gift
5．A.absurd B．boring
C．complex D．touch
6．A.idea B．excuse
C．lesson D．reason
7．A.relaxed B．absent-minded
C．unaware D．dizzy
8．A.know B．want
C．share D．afford
9．A.spotted B．approached
C．recognized D．interviewed
10．A.when B．since
C．before D．unless
11．A.instead of B．except for
C．regardless of D．along with
12．A.replaced B．packed
C．decorated D．combined
13．A.trial B．honor
C．opportunity D．reward
14．A.grateful B．careful
C．hopeful D．skillful
15．A.Besides B．Therefore
C．Meanwhile D．However
16．A.effort B．luck
C．appearance D．reputation
17．A.look out B．break out
C．reach out D．turn out
18．A.truly B．properly
C．deliberately D．approximately
19．A.intends B．reminds
C．promises D．persuades
20．A.trick B．blame
C．doubt D．forget
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者帮助无家可归的人的故事。
【核心词汇】extremely adv.极其，极端 dash v．急奔，急驰，猛冲 paradise n．天堂 blessing n．上帝的恩宠，祝福
1．D 根据下文的“don't offer any help at all”可知，这些无家可归的人需要帮助。assistance意为“帮助”。故选D。
2．B 根据下文作者帮助无家可归的人可推知，作者同情这些无家可归的人，看到他们睡在大街上感到很是遗憾。故选B。
3．C 根据“and don't offer any help at all”并结合上文的“I feel it a(n) __2__ to see this”可推知，大部分的路人对无家可归的人漠不关心，视而不见，即假装(pretending)没看到。
4．A 根据“even”可推知，大部分人不仅不提供帮助，甚至连一句问候都没有。
5．D 根据空前的“it's been extremely cold”并结合语境可推知，天气特别寒冷，无家可归的人的日子更加艰难(tough)。
6．A 结合语境可知，作者不确定自己的那种做法是否是好主意(idea)。
7．C 承接上文的“Usually I arrive at work around 8 am，when the homeless are still asleep”可推知，无家可归的人在作者早上开始上班时还都在睡觉，是不会觉察到的(unaware)。
8．B 根据“even”的提示并结合上文作者的犹豫可推知，作者不确定自己对他们的帮助是否正是无家可归的人所需要的。
9．A 根据语境可推知，作者在人行道上发现了一个醒着的无家可归的人。spot表示“发现”，符合语境。
10．C 根据语境可知，作者离上班还有些时间，所以选C。
11．D 根据语境以及下文的“I gave him the drink and banana”可推知，作者顺便还给这个人带了香蕉。along with表示“除……以外(还)”。
12．B 根据空后的“with everyday items”可知，作者包里装着每天的必需品。pack with sth.表示“装着某物”。
13．C 根据语境可知，作者认为这是一个极好的帮助无家可归的人的机会。
14．A 根据语境可推知，把自己的东西馈赠给他人，别人是感恩的(grateful)。
15．D 根据语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。
16．B 根据语境可推知，那些无家可归的人只是由于某种原因一时穷困潦倒而已，down on one's luck表示“穷困潦倒”。
17．C 根据语境可知，如果我们愿意帮助他们，世界会变得更美好。reach out to sb.表示“愿意为某人提供帮助”。
18．A 根据语境可知，帮助他人的确会让我们的世界变得更美好。truly“的确，真实地”；properly“恰当地”；deliberately“故意地”；approximately“大约”。
19．B Phil Collins的歌提醒我们要感恩。remind sb.to do sth.意为“提醒某人做某事”符合语境。
20．D 根据语境可推知，人们不要忘记那些不幸的人。
四、单句改错
1．The boy's behavior was high thought of by all the people present.
________________________________________________________
答案：high→highly think highly of ... “高度评价……”。
2．What can we do for them in return all the help they have given us?
________________________________________________________
答案：return后加for in return for ... “作为对……的回报”。
3．It is very worth making an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection.
________________________________________________________
答案：very→well be well worth doing ... “非常值得做……”。
4．The rescue workers removed the stones in search for any survivor.
________________________________________________________
答案：for→of in search of ... “寻找……”。
5．There is no doubt what a cleaner does is harder compared with any other job in the society.
________________________________________________________
答案：doubt后加that There is no doubt that ... “毫无疑问……”。
五、七选五
Choosing the Right Path to Be a “Better” Person
Life is a constant exercise in self-improvement.In the rush to achieve，the idea of being “better” can become lost sometimes.You may always wonder how to improve yourself and fulfill your dreams in an easier way.__1__
Explore your talents.
Everybody has some outstanding skills or interests.So it's often necessary to be patient and try many things before you find one that suits you.
__2__ For example，people loving adventure may not be interested in the quiet chess club，but someone who enjoys other quiet activities might be.Determining who you enjoy being around may help you know what you'll enjoy.
__3__
No matter how much money you make，you will not be happy if you spend your entire life doing something you hate.It's important to at least devote some of your time to what makes you happy.
If you're particularly unhappy at your job，consider why.__4__ If you feel your job isn't meaningful，or isn't in line with your values，consider finding another job.
Experience something new.
Research has shown that when we're in our comfort zone，we aren't as productive as we are when we step just beyond it.__5__ Because of that，we may react slowly to our own positive experiences.It's important to have new experiences and interactions with others，even when those are a little scary.Doing so can help you achieve more.
A．Do what you love.
B．Here are some tips for you.
C．Register in a class you're interested in.
D．Human adapt very quickly to positive events.
E．It's possible that some changes may change your feeling.
F．Similar types of people may be attracted to the same activities.
G．Try not to allow yourself to focus so much on a certain aspect of your life.
【解题导语】人生就是不断自我提升的过程，有时我们急于取得成功，却迷失了自我。本文就如何提升自己给出了一些建议。
1．B 上文提到你可能想知道如何用更简单的方式提升自己，下文则给出了一些建议。由此可知，设空处承上启下。B项符合语境。
2．F 本段最后一句提到，判断你喜欢跟谁在一起有助于你了解自己喜欢什么。由此可知，F项符合语境。故选F项。
3．A 本题考查标题句。根据该标题下的It's important to at least devote some of your time to what makes you happy.可知，花时间做自己喜欢的事很重要。由此可知，A项(做你喜欢的事)符合语境。
4．E 上文提出如果特别不喜欢现在的工作，考虑一下原因，下文则提出考虑换一份工作。由此可知，E项(有时候作出一些改变也可以改变你的心情)符合语境。
5．D 本段主题是体验新事物。空格后说，正因为如此，我们可能对自己的积极的经历反应迟钝。D项(人类对积极的事件适应很快)正好解释了下文的现象。故选D项。
The Olympic Games
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
For the growing number of Chinese heading west to work and study ，there's plenty they find surprising.Upon arrival in the West，many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes.Li Yifeng，raised in northern China and now based in England，agrees.“The only thing Chinese people would be shocked by in Britain is how long it takes to do things，”he says.“For instance in China if you want to open a bank account，you don't wait，you just do it at the counter.”Out-of-hours and weekend work is standard in China，but in Britain, the weekend is for family and friends.
Jack Chen，who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy(等级制度)is less rigid than in China，where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important.As a result，staff in a Chinese company think very carefully about how to present their views and ideas.Employees in the West can share their opinions more freely.In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way.But in Europe you can just say what you want.
The newest Chinese arrivals have a very different view to previous generations，according to Sharon Jin，who moved to the US 20 years ago and is now an American citizen.“Almost 100% of people of my generation who came to the States want to get a green card，”she says.“But today younger Chinese plan to work for 10 years here and then return to China to buy a house or look after their parents.”While a record number of 523,700 students left China to study elsewhere in 2015，roughly 70%～80%of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home，according to the Chinese Ministry of Education(CME)．
1．What do many Chinese find surprising while in Britain?
A．That they drive faster than the drivers in Britain.
B．That they can open a bank account at any time.
C．That working extra hours in Britain is very common.
D．That working pace in Britain is less fast than at home.
2．It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ________________________________________________________________________.
A．Jack Chen has been a lawyer in Belgium for 12 years
B．employees in the West show.less respect for their boss
C．Chinese employees are cautious when presenting ideas
D．people in Europe express themselves in a modest way
3．According to CME，most students return to China because ________.
A．it's hard for them to get a green card
B．it's easy for them to buy a house at home
C．they will have to look after their parents
D．there are more job opportunities in China
4．How does the writer organize the text?
A．By interviewing students abroad.
B．By comparing the differences.
C．By discussing some facts.
D．By listing some figures.
【解题导语】以前，中国人去国外都想获得绿卡，而现在他们计划在国外工作十年以后，再回来买房或照顾父母。
【难句分析】Jack Chen，who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy(等级制度) is less rigid than in China, where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important.
分析：本句含有who和where引导的定语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句。
译文：十二年前离开了他的祖国现在在比利时是一名律师的Jack Chen说，办公室政治在欧洲比较简单，一部分是因为在那里等级制度没有在中国严格，在中国老板就是老板，在办公室的社会地位是明显且重要的。
1．D 考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Upon arrival in the West，many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes”以及下面的例子可知，put on the brakes本意为“刹车”，用在这里表示“放慢速度”，故选D。
2．C 考查推理判断。根据第二段的“In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way”可知，在中国员工发表意见时要谨慎。
3．D 考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“roughly 70%～80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home”可知，大多数学生选择回国发展是因为国内有更多的就业机会。
4．B 考查推理判断。根据每个段落对比的一些差异可知，应选B。
二、单句语法填空
1．If you cannot pass the exam, you will not ________(admit) into college.
答案：be admitted be admitted to/into college “被大学录取”。
2．In my opinion, it is you rather than he that should take ________ (responsible) for the accident.
答案：responsibility take responsibility for sth. “为某事承担责任”。
3．There are too many TV________(advertise) between the programs.
答案：advertisements 由many可知此空应填名词advertisement “广告”，且应用其复数形式。
4．He was disabled from birth, but he never felt frustrated, ________ did he give in to any difficulty.
答案：nor 分析句子结构可知，最后一个分句应用部分倒装结构，由前一分句中的never可知，此句表示“也从不”，故填nor。
5．They replaced their beloved old cars ________expensive new sports cars.
答案：with replace A with B “用B替换A”。
6．It's true that she made a mistake but she hardly deserves ________ (lose) her job.
答案：to lose deserve to do sth. “应做某事”。
7．There seems to be a fierce ________(compete) in China for senior high students to enter college or university.
答案：competition 由前面的修饰成分a fierce可知此处应用名词competition “竞赛，比赛”。
8．Eating properly and exercising ________(regular) can make one enjoy a healthier and longer life.
答案：regularly 由前面的properly可知，此处应填副词修饰exercising。
9．He bargained ________the merchant for an hour before he bought the vase.
答案：with bargain with sb. “与某人讨价还价”。
10．The harder you try to beat him, the ________(many) likely you will get hit.
答案：more “the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”为常用句式，意为“越……，(就)越……”。
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2018·长郡中学新高三实验班选拔考试)
When I was young，I thought that kindness was a beneficial thing.I __1__ that I could just give what I thought others __2__ and I would get a one way ticket to Happyville (快乐小镇). This thought process was __3__ changed when I suffered from clinical depression. __4__ became obvious that what I needed，as everyone did，was just the __5__ to love oneself. Apart from that，I had to learn how to make deeper and more meaningful connections __6__ people.
My struggle with mental health was something that __7__ into a campaign to let every single person know that they __8__ and couldn't be replaced.At high school，it could be __9__ to convey this idea，but I __10__ pursued my passions (激情). The __11__ of my effort were the habits and traditions I had created to help __12__：Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and __13__ them to those who seemed to need a pick-me-up.I tried to __14__ as many names as I possibly could.I had started a club which gave students a __15__ place to express themselves and learn __16__ to apply empathy(同感，共鸣) in their everyday lives. On my personal social media account, I posted weekly __17__ to inspire both myself and my friends.
When I go off the college this year，I'll be working towards a degree in college.This will help me start a non-profit foundation in the future.My __18__ goal is to prove that the world is not a collection of __19__ problems，but something that can be changed by even the __20__ actions.
1．A.wondered B．figured
C．doubted D．predicted
2．A.wanted B．ignored
C．lost D．ordered
3．A.unfortunately B．totally
C．regularly D．accurately
4．A.It B．They
C．He D．This
5．A.ability B．desire
C．belief D．reason
6．A.for B．with
C．from D．about
7．A.fell B．divided
C．broke D．turned
8．A.mattered B．existed
C．survived D．succeeded
9．A.difficult B．funny
C．different D．perfect
10．A.casually B．briefly
C．firmly D．surely
11．A.difficulty B．purpose
C．fruits D．method
12．A.strangers B．teenagers
C．friends D．families
13．A.led B．lent
C．passed D．limited
14．A.write B．memorize
C．prepare D．recall
15．A.quiet B．important
C．large D．safe
16．A.how B．what
C．where D．when
17．A.discussions B．suggestions
C．experience D．theories
18．A.final B．primary
C．simple D．grand
19．A.complex B．unsolvable
C．unknown D．terrible
20．A.latest B．laziest
C．slowest D．smallest
【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者与抑郁症作斗争的经历使他转变了思想，并用实际行动来帮助青少年和朋友们。他告诉大家，每个人都同样重要并且不可替代。因此我们必须做出行动，因为即使是最小的行动都可以产生影响。
1．B 考查动词辨析。句意为：我以为只要我能给予别人我认为他们想要的东西，我就能得到一张去快乐小镇的单程票。A项意为“想知道”；B项意为“认为，以为”；C项意为“怀疑”；D项意为“预测”。短文第一句说明了作者小时候的想法，即作者认为善良是一件有益的事情，然后接着详细地解释他的想法。B项符合语境。故选B。
2．A 考查动词辨析。A项意为“想要”；B项意为“忽视”；C项意为“丢失”；D项意为“命令，订购”。此处指作者认为给予别人他认为别人需要的东西，他就会快乐。A项符合语境。故选A。
3．B 考查副词辨析。A项意为“不幸地”；B项意为“完全地”；C项意为“定期地”；D项意为“准确地”。由下文可知，因为作者的临床抑郁症，作者以前给予别人想要的东西的想法变成了努力用他的想法去影响别人，改变别人，所以此处表达的是“这个思维过程完全变了”。B项符合语境。故选B。
4．A 考查代词辨析。此处为句型“It becomes/became＋adj.＋that从句”，代词it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。故选A。
5．A 考查名词辨析。A项意为“能力”；B项意为“渴望”；C项意为“信念”；D项意为“理由”。ability to do sth.表示“做某件事的能力”，根据语境可知，作者所需要的和每个人所需要的一样，就是爱自己的能力。A项符合语境。故选A。
6．B 考查介词辨析。句意为：除了这一点，我必须学会如何与人们建立更深、更有意义的联系。make connection with...是固定短语，表示“与……建立联系”。故选B。
7．D 考查动词短语辨析。各选项所给动词均可与介词into构成固定搭配：fall into意为“跌入”；divide into意为“分成”；break into意为“闯入”；turn into意为“变成”。由上文可知，作者的思维过程改变了，产生了新的想法，因此作者表达的是他在心理健康方面的挣扎变成了一场运动。turn into符合语境。故选D。
8．A 考查动词辨析。A项意为“重要，有关系”；B项意为“存在”；C项意为“幸存”；D项意为“成功”。根据空格后面的“and couldn’t be replaced”可推知，此处表达的是“让每个人都知道他们很重要，无法被替代”。A项符合语境。故选A。
9．A 考查形容词辨析。A项意为“困难的”；B项意为“滑稽的”；C项意为“不同的”；D项意为“完美的”。由转折连词but和第二个分句的内容可知，此处指的是“在高中，很难传递这个想法”。A项符合语境。故选A。
10．C 考查副词辨析。A项意为“随意地”；B项意为“简短地”；C项意为“坚定地”；D项意为“确信地”。根据but表示转折可知，此处应表达“但是我坚定地追随我的激情”。C项符合语境。故选C。
11．C 考查名词辨析。上文提到虽然在学校作者很难传递自己的思想，但是他不放弃，由此可知，作者努力的结果就是他创造了帮助……的习惯和传统。此处fruits表示“结果，成果”，符合语境。故选C。
12．B 考查名词辨析。 ...Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and ________ them to those who seemed to need a pick-me-up.(第二段第三句)
译文：……每个星期五，我带着作业的奖品来到学校，把它们发给那些似乎需要提神的孩子们。
由关键句可以推断，作者帮助的是那些青少年们。teenager意为“青年，青少年”，符合语境。故选B。
13．C 考查动词辨析。pass sth.to sb.是固定短语，意为“把……传递/分发蛤某人”，此处表达的是作者把带来的作业奖品发给那些需要提神的孩子们。故选C。
14．B 考查动词辨析。A项意为“写”；B项意为“记住”；C项意为“准备”；D项意为“回忆”。由语境可知，作者想帮助青少年，所以他尽可能多地记住他们的名字。故选B。
15．D 考查形容词辨析。作者建立了一个俱乐部，学生们在这里可以表达自己的想法，由此可知这是一个安全的地方，学生们能够畅所欲言。safe意为“安全的”，符合语境。故选D。
16．A 考查连接词辨析。此处为“疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语。由语境可知，作者想让学生学会如何把表达的情感运用到日常生活中。how意为“怎样，如何”，符合语境。故选A。
17．B 考查名词辨析。A项意为“讨论”；B项意为“建议”；C项意为“经验”；D项意为“理论”。在作者的个人社交网络账号上，作者每周发出的用于激励自己和朋友的帖子应是建议之类的内容。B项符合语境，其余各项均与语境不符。故选B。
18．A 考查形容词辨析。This will help me start a nod-profit foundation in the future.(最后一段第二句)
译文：这将帮助我在将来建立一个非盈利基金会。
由关键句可知，作者一直坚持自己的信仰和做法，那么接着说的就是他的最终目标。final意为“最后的，最终的”，符合语境。故选A。
19．B 考查形容词辨析。A项意为“复杂的”；B项意为“难以解决的”；C项意为“未知的”；D项意为“糟糕的”。由语境可知，作者的最终目标是要证明这个世界不是无法解决的问题的集合体。unsolvable与下文的“can be changed”相衔接且符合语境。故选B。
20．D 考查形容词最高级辨析。A项意为“最新的”；B项意为“最懒的”；C项意为“最慢的”；D项意为“最小的”。由本句中的“even”可知，此处指的是甚至是最小的行动都会改变一些事情。D项符合语境。故选D。
四、单句改错
1．One after other, tropical storms battered Pacific coastline.
________________________________________________________
答案：other→another one after another “一个接一个地”。
2．In China, these knots stand out friendship, love and good luck.
________________________________________________________
答案：out→for stand for “代表；象征”。
3．The restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes as well good service.
________________________________________________________
答案：well后加as as well as “以及……”。
4．We'll take active part in social practice during the summer vacation.
________________________________________________________
答案：take后加an take an active part in “积极参加……”。
5．You are in the charge of yourself, not anyone else.
________________________________________________________
答案：去掉the in charge of “对……负责；控制……”。
五、短文改错
（2018高考选练）
A big storm destroyed two villages in South Africa on last Friday, causing 4 death. Over 200 people became homeless as a result of the storm. A farmer said the storm began early in the morning and last one hour. He said, “I was in the kitchen with my wife and children while we heard a loud noise. A few minutes late, our house fell down. I managed to climb out, but much to my shocking, one of my boys were missing. I quickly went back inside and found them safe but frightened. ” Soldiers came to rescue those burying under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes, and shelters for homeless.
参考答案:
1. 【解析】第一句去掉on。last Friday前不需要加介词。
2. 【解析】第一句death→deaths。考查名词的单复数。4人死亡, 应用复数。
3. 【解析】第三句last→lasted。考查并列谓语动词的时态一致, 前文began为一般过去时, 此处and之后的last也应该用一般过去时。
4. 【解析】第四句while→when。when表示“这时”, 我正和妻子与孩子在厨房里, 这时我们听见一声巨响。
5. 【解析】第五句late→later。later用在一段时间之后表示“……之后”, a few minutes later 几分钟之后。而late意为“迟的(地), 晚的(地)”。
6. 【解析】第六句shocking→shock。此处应用名词形式。shock 名词, 震惊。much to my shock使我非常震惊的是。
7. 【解析】第六句were→was。考查主谓一致。one of my boys主语是one, 为单数, 因此谓语用was。
8. 【解析】第七句them→him。考查代词。根据前文one of my boys, 可知此处应为单数, 代词宾格用him。
9. 【解析】第八句burying→buried。those buried under the ruins指那些被埋在废墟里的人。
10. 【解析】第八句for后加the。the homeless指的是那些无家可归的人。
Unit 3 Computers
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
(2018·福州市高三毕业班适应性练习)
No human has set foot on the Moon since 1972.Now，after more than four decades of inactivity，interest in putting humans back on the Moon is finally heating up again.But who will get there first?
CHINA
On 14 December 2013，China successfully landed its Jade Rabbit rover(探测车)on the Moon.It is now working on its next exploration mission.Named Chang'e 4，the mission is scheduled to touch down in the Aitken Basin near the end of 2018.If successful，it will be the first landing on the Moon's far side.
RUSSIA
Russia plans a manned Moon landing in 2030.It is currently working on a project whose idea is that the landers will explore the south pole of the Moon，exploring for resources such as minerals and water ice to be used to provide for a human outpost(前哨站)．
INDIA
Following the success of its Chandrayaan-1 in 2008，India announced a follow-on mission.Chandrayaan-2 was meant to cooperate with Russia.But when the Russians failed to deliver the promised lander in 2013，India decided to go it alone.Chandrayaan-2 is about to be sent up in 2018.
USA
In December 2018，NASA plans to send up the Exploration Mission 1，an uncrewed test of their Orion astronaut capsule in which the craft will circle around the Moon before returning to Earth.All being well，a crewed capsule will follow in 2023.Should the mission prove a success，the astronauts will be the first humans to see the far side of the Moon with their own eyes since Apollo 17 in 1972.
1．What will China do in its next space mission?
A．Improve its Jade Rabbit rover.
B．Work with other countries.
C．Land Chang'e 4 on the Moon.
D．Explore the south pole of the Moon.
2．Why did India try to carry out its follow-on mission alone?
A．It couldn't find a partner.
B．It didn't get the lander as planned.
C．The Russians refused to work with India.
D．It planned to launch Chandrayaan-2 in advance.
3．Which country is interested in resources on the Moon?
A．Russia. B．China.
C．India. D．USA.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国、俄罗斯、印度和美国的登月计划。
【难句分析】It is currently working an a project whose idea is that the landers will explore the south pole of the Moon，exploring for resources such as minerals and water ice to be used to provide for a human outpost(前哨站)．
分析：该句为主从复合句。句中whose idea is that the landers will explore the south pole of the Moon，exploring for resources such as minerals and water ice to be used to provide for a human outpost(前哨站)为whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a project；该定语从句中含有that引导的表语从句。
译文：当前(俄罗斯)正启动一项工程，其思路是登陆器将探索月球的南极，寻找矿物质和水冰等资源以供人类前哨站使用。
1．C 考查细节理解。根据第二段第三句“Named Chang'e 4, the mission is scheduled to touch down in the Aitken Basin near the end of 2018”可知，嫦娥四号将在2018年底降落在月球Aitken Basin地区。据此可知，中国的下一步空间计划是嫦娥四号登月，故C项正确。根据第三段第二句“It is currently working on a project whose idea is that the landers will explore the south pole of the Moon”可知，探索月球南极是俄罗斯的计划，而不是中国的计划，故D项错误；A、B项文中没有提及。
2．B 考查细节理解。根据第四段第三句“But when the Russians failed to deliver the promised lander in 2013, India decided to go it alone”可知，由于俄罗斯没能给印度提供着陆器，故印度决定自己实施登月计划，故B项正确。根据第四段第二句“Chandrayaan-2 was meant to cooperate with Russia”可知，印度Chandrayaan-2任务计划和俄罗斯合作完成，故A项错误；根据第四段第三句可知，俄罗斯没能给印度提供着陆器，而不是拒绝合作，故C项错误；D项文中没有提及。
3．A 考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句“It is currently working on a project whose idea is that the landers will explore the south pole of the Moon，exploring for resources such as minerals and water ice to be used to provide for a human outpost(前哨站)”可知，当前俄罗斯正启动一项工程，其思路是登陆器将探索月球的南极，寻找矿物质和水冰等资源以供人类前哨站使用。故A项正确。
二、单句语法填空
1．Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they ________(promise) before.
答案：have been promised 由主句谓语动词的时态及从句的时间副词before可知，本从句的谓语动词应用现在完成时，且they和promise之间存在被动关系，故填have been promised。
2．________(person), I think he is a very good man, but you may not agree.
答案：Personally 副词personally “就我个人而言”，相当于personally speaking。
3．It won't be long ________we know the result of the experiment.
答案：before It won't be long before ... “不久之后就……”，是固定句式。
4．He was ________(total) uninterested in sports.
答案：totally 应用副词修饰形容词uninterested，故填totally。
5．An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the ________(solve) clearly in mind.
答案：solution 由空前the可知此处应用名词solution “解决方法”。
6．A man stood up and crossed his arms over his head, ________ (signal) that he was strongly opposed.
答案：signalling 句中已有谓语动词stood和crossed，由空前逗号知应用非谓语动词形式，且signal与逻辑主语A man之间是主动关系，且signal和句子谓语stood up及crossed所表示的动作同时发生，因此填signalling。
7．Several problems like those ________(arise) at the power plant so far.
答案：have arisen 由“so far”可知应用现在完成时。
8．The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________(explore) society for real-life experience.
答案：to explore have an opportunity to do sth. “有机会做某事”。
9．The law needs to be ________(simple)．
答案：simplified need to do sth. “需要做某事”，由设空前的be动词及句意可知，此处需用动词的过去分词构成被动语态，故填simplified。
10．We received 400 ________(apply) for the job.
答案：applications 由修饰限定词400可知，此处应填名词，且用其复数形式。
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。
I lived in Dallas，Texas nearly all my life with my dad，mom and younger brother.We were raised to __1__ others，value education，and get all that we could out of life.My parents always say，“Work __2__ and the world is yours.”They are __3__ without a helpful word of__4__ or a bit of encouragement when life gets__5__.
My parents always __6__ me to go to college.However, when I__7__ at 16 years old that I'd rather get married to a man __8__ go to college，they never stopped telling me they loved me and I could do anything I wanted to.Thankfully，they persuaded me.I graduated from high school and currently __9__ the University of Oklahoma studying medicine.I want to make the world a__10__ place to live in.
Every time I call home to tell them about a grade received in the chemistry lab or__11__ class it is that I'm working hardest on for the moment，they tell me how __12__ of me they are.I know there are college kids out there that have no one to __13__ home to when they get an“A”on a project and I feel incredibly__14__ to have my parents.They never__15__ loving me or believing in me.
Parents are the best gift that God gives me.__16__ their constant love and encouragement，I wouldn't believe I can __17__ the world.My parents __18__ me to always fight for what I __19__ in.So I'm working toward something really great and can only hope I__20__ to make them proud.
1．A.inspire B．respect
C．guide D．follow
2．A.hard B．solidly
C．attentively D．intelligently
3．A.sometimes B．anytime
C．ever D．never
4．A.method B．advice
C．education D．introduction
5．A.tough B．smooth
C．bright D．happy
6．A.reminded B．supposed
C．designed D．expected
7．A.decided B．hesitated
C．judged D．remembered
8．A.but B．and
C．than D．while
9．A.joined B．attended
C．served D．admitted
10．A.comfortable B．suitable
C．peaceful D．better
11．A.whenever B．whichever
C．wherever D．however
12．A.ashamed B．nervous
C．proud D．modest
13．A.go B．run
C．return D．call
14．A.blessed B．annoyed
C．praised D．relaxed
15．A.stopped B．helped
C．blamed D．prevented
16．A.With B．Without
C．Under D．Beneath
17．A.change B．destroy
C．conquer D．challenge
18．A.forced B．ordered
C．allowed D．taught
19．A.enjoy B．work
C．believe D．live
20．A.want B．wish
C．have D．continue
【解题导语】爸爸、妈妈、弟弟和“我”住在达拉斯，父母教育我们要尊重别人，重视教育，他们的爱和鼓励对“我”意义重大。
1．B 根据全文内容可知，父母教育我们要尊重别人，重视教育。respect意为“尊敬，尊重”，符合语境。
2．A 父母总是教育我们：“努力工作，世界就是你们的。”故选A。
3．D 当生活变得艰难时，父母总会给我们有益的建议或一些鼓励。never without为双重否定，表示肯定的意思。
4．B 参见上题解析。a helpful word of advice表示“有用的建议”。
5．A 参见3题解析。tough“艰难的，艰苦的”。
6．D 根据该段中的“Thankfully, they persuaded me”可知，父母一直期望“我”上大学并最终说服了“我”。expect“期望，期待”。
7．A 根据下文父母对“我”的劝说可知，16岁时“我”决定(decided)结婚而不是上大学。
8．C 16岁时“我”决定结婚而不是上大学。would rather...than...为固定用法，表示“宁愿……而不愿……”。
9．B 根据文中的“they persuaded me.I graduated from high school and...medicine”可知，“我”高中毕业后上了一所大学。attend意为“经常去，定期去(学校、教堂等)”。
10．D 根据文中的“the University of Oklahoma studying medicine”可知，“我”主修医学，想让这个世界成为更好的(better)可供人们生活的地方。
11．B 每次当“我”打电话告诉他们“我”在实验室里的成绩或是“我”当时正努力学习的任何一门课程时，他们会告诉“我”他们以“我”为傲。whichever class意为“无论哪一门课”。
12．C 父母以“我”取得的成绩而自豪。be proud of为固定用法，意为“以……自豪”。
13．D “我”知道有的大学生在得到一个“A”时，因没家人所以无法打电话回家。故选D。
14．A 和那些得了“A”却没有家人可告知的同学相比，“我”有这样的父母是非常有福的。blessed意义“有福的”。
15．A 父母从不停止对“我”的爱，从不停止对“我”的信赖。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”。
16．B 没有(Without)父母持续不断的爱和鼓励，“我”不可能相信“我”能改变世界。
17．A 参见上题解析。故选A。
18．D 父母一直教育(taught)“我”去为“我”认为对的事而奋斗。
19．C 参见上题解析。believe in sth.“认为某事好(或对、可接受)”，符合语境。
20．D “我”会继续努力，希望父母继续为“我”感到自豪。continue to do sth.表示“继续做某事”，为固定用法。
四、单句改错
1．We are sure that everything will be better with time goes by.
________________________________________________________
答案：with→as或goes→going as time goes by与with time going by均表示“随着时间的推移”。as在此为连词，后接句子；with为介词，可看作with的复合结构作状语。
2．Can you give me some advice on what to deal with this problem?
________________________________________________________
答案：what→how或deal→do what to do with ... ＝how to deal with ... “如何处理……”。
3．There is very much homework that I can't have much time to experience nature.
________________________________________________________
答案：very→so so ... that ... “如此……以至于……”。
4．He was late as a result the heavy snow.
________________________________________________________
答案：result后加of as a result of ... “由于……”。
5．I am always dreaming of visiting China, and now my dream has been come true.
________________________________________________________
答案：去掉been come true是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。
五、七选五
By 2025，water shortage will be a big problem for about 1.8 billion people.In a world where water resource is increasingly short，nations cannot afford to waste it.__1__After we use water in our homes and businesses，it is washed away，and takes many valuable resources with it.
Waste water is rich in carbon and nutrients.__2__ A number of nations and major cities have already built waste water treatment plants.They can effectively recover nutrients and bioenergy，and produce “new water” that can be reused.But more than 80% of all waste water still currently flows into natural ecosystems，polluting the environment and taking valuable nutrients and other recoverable materials with it.
__3__ This is still better than the situation in smaller cities.In Latin American countries，those living in small and medium-sized cities at most treat it in the form of septic tanks (化粪池)that lack regular and proper maintenance.
Imagine that outside one of these small cities lies a lovely piece of land：on the surface it is pleasingly built and provides habitats for local wildlife.Beneath the surface is a wetland that treats waste water and produces energy.The energy produced saves families from having to use firewood collected in the wild.This is not a dream project.__4__ A team of scientists have been looking into the potential of constructed wetland environments.Having analyzed 800 examples of biomass in more than 20 countries，they found that，depending on climate and the type of plant used in the construction of this type of wetland，up to 45 hectares of land could be irrigated with waste water.__5__
A．But that is exactly what we do.
B．This can provide easy access to clean water.
C．There is no longer any good reason to waste any type of water.
D．A constructed wetland environment is already in practice on a small scale.
E．This would reduce the need for fresh water for irrigation and energy for pumping.
F．If collected and treated properly，it could provide “new water”，fertilizer，and energy.
G．Although waste water systems in large cities are effective，the whole procedure usually costs much.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了当前世界水资源的现状以及有效利用水资源的方法。
1．A 上文说在水资源短缺的大环境下，很多国家不能承担浪费(的后果)，下文说我们用完水后，就直接把水冲走。根据上下文可知，A项“但是那正是我们所做的”与此处匹配，起承上启下作用，故选A。
2．F 上文说废水富含碳元素和养分，而F项说如果收集和处理得当，它就能提供“新的水”、肥料和能量，前后形成语义上的衔接，故选F。
3．G 下文讲述的是拉丁美洲的中小城市的废水处理系统缺乏常规和合适的维护，而G项提到大城市的废水处理系统有效但成本高，与本段内容吻合，故选G。
4．D 上文提到在这些小城市建造湿地环境的设想，下文提到已经有科学家在研究建造的湿地环境的潜力了，由此可知，D项“建造的湿地环境已经在小范围的实践中了”符合语境。
5．E 上文讲述的是这种解决方案的另一种好处是人们可以用废水灌溉农田，而E说这可以减少用淡水灌溉的需求及抽水所需的能量，前后语义衔接，故选E。
Unit 4 Wildlife Protection
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
(2018·云南高三年级八校跨区调研考试)
If our kids don't fall，they don't learn to get up.I still remember the day in high school that my mom forgot to pick me up from school.I'm the oldest of four children，and no doubt she'd had a long day with the other kids and it'd slipped her mind.After waiting at school for an hour，I walked the three miles home，and when I got to my house，I shut our front door with anger，stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my mom's face that she'd forgotten me.
Later that night，my dad told me I no longer had a ride to school the next day.I figured my mom would still take me，but when the morning came，she refused.It was midterm，and as a straight-A student ready to start college applications，being late wasn't an option.In my mind，missing these tests would have been the end of my academic career.I begged my mom.I told her she was ruining my future and everything I'd worked for.But she held_her_ground，and that day，I walked to school.And I missed my tests.
My mom didn't rescue me from failure.She let me suffer from it.She let me figure it out.She let me learn.Now，as a mom myself，I've realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow，learn and think outside of ourselves.It's how we self-educate to learn what's right and respectable，and what's not.It's how we become responsible and enthusiastic.
Falling down makes us better，because we learn how to get up.
1．Why did the author shout at her mother?
A．Because she was tired after walking home.
B．Because she missed some important tests.
C．Because her mother had ruined her future.
D．Because her mother didn't pick her up home.
2．How does the author feel about her experience now?
A．Disappointed. B．Merciful.
C．Beneficial. D．Embarrassed.
3．What does the underlined phrase“held her ground”in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Stuck to her decision.
B．Gave in to me.
C．Said yes to me.
D．Stayed in the place.
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．Offer Your Kids Help if Necessary
B．Stop Rescuing Your Kids from Failure
C．Be Responsible for Your Kids' Failure
D．Try to Meet Your Kids' Demands
【解题导语】本文作者通过亲身体会告诉我们：失败让我们变得更好，因为我们在失败中学会成长。
【难句分析】Now, as a mom myself, I've realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow，learn and think outside of ourselves.
分析：这是一个复合句。本句含有that引导的宾语从句；because引导原因状语从句， how引导表语从句。
译文：现在，作为一个母亲，我意识到我想让我的孩子经历失败，因为失败是我们如何成长、学习和思考的一个过程。
1．D 考查细节理解。根据第一段的“After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home，and when I got to my house，I shut our front door with anger，stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my mom's face that she'd forgotten me”可知，作者在学校等了一个小时，后来自己走回了家，因此她对妈妈没有去学校接她非常生气。故选D。
2．C 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Now, as a mom myself, I've realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow，learn and think outside of ourselves”说明作者现在认为她之前的经历对她是有益的(Beneficial)。
3．A 考查词义猜测。根据第二段的“But she help_her_ground，and that day, I walked to school”中But的转折意味以及后面作者仍然走着去上学可知，妈妈仍坚持她的观点，没有送作者去上学。
4．B 考查标题判断。根据第三段和第四段的叙述，尤其是第三段的“My mom didn't rescue me from failure”及“I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow，learn and think outside of ourselves”可知，B项最适合做文章标题。A项“如果有必要，给你的孩子提供帮助”与D项“尽力满足你孩子的要求”均与文章内容相悖。C项“对你孩子的失败负责”是年少时作者对妈妈的不满。
二、单句语法填空
1．(2017·江苏高考)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ________ (follow)．
答案：was being followed 这里if引导的宾语从句用过去进行时表示过去某一时刻(hurried home)正在进行的动作。又因he与follow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
2．Not ________(employ) by a well-known company doesn't necessarily mean that you have no bright future.
答案：being employed 此处在陈述一个一般性的事实，且you和employ之间为被动关系，故用动名词的被动式作主语。
3．His house stands on a hill and can be seen from a ________ (distant) of two miles.
答案：distance 由空前的a可知，此处应填名词，from a distance “从远处”。
4．Parents spare no effort to pave the way for the ________ (succeed) of their children.
答案：success 由空前的the可知此处应用名词success “成功”。
5．I'm fed up with your ________(end) complaining.
答案：endless 此处endless形容词“无休止的”修饰动名词complaining。
6．This defeat was a ________ (power) blow to the enemy.
答案：powerful 此处形容词powerful “有力的；强大的”修饰名词blow。
7．After the exam, I felt an incredible sense of ________(relieve)．
答案：relief 介词of后应跟名词relief “减轻或解除”。
8．We had no choice and had to be ________the mercy of the sea.
答案：at at the mercy of ... “受……摆布”。
9．Greek yogurt ________(contain) much less fat than double cream.
答案：contains contain “包含”，且描述一般事实，应用一般现在时。
10．My opinion ________(affect) by the recent development of events.
答案：has been affected affect “影响”，为动词，与My opinion存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且本句描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，故应用现在完成时的被动语态。
三、完形填空
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2018·泰安一轮复习检测)
Though Dad looked tired and weak，his smile was as sure as ever.It was another __1__ of pneumonia(肺炎)．My husband and I stayed with him for the__2__ but had to return to our jobs by Monday morning.Local relatives would see that Dad was home from the hospital，and they would visit him __3__，prepare his meals and take him to his doctor appointments.But I __4__ to be able to let him know that we __5__ ，too，even when we weren't with him.
Then I remembered a family __6__ I started when our children were small.When leaving their grandparents' home after a visit，each child would __7__ a love note in the house for them to __8__ after we were gone.They hid notes somewhere.For days after our __9__ ，their grandparents would __10__ as they discovered these reminders of our love.
So as I __11__ Dad's rooms，I began writing notes.Some were __12__.“Dad，I put the milk in the fridge so it wouldn't __13__.”Some expressed my love.“Dad，I hope you sleep well in your new bed.”Most notes were __14__ where he would lived for several weeks until he regained __15__ ，but one note I hid upstairs under his pillow.“Dad，if you have found this note，you must be feeling better.We are so __16__ ！”
While others cared for Dad's daily __17__ ，we，of course，would stay in touch by phone.But our notes were a __18__ reminder of our love and concern for him during this recovery period.Just like his medicines improved him physically，these“__19__ vitamins”(维生素)would improve his spiritual health.Several weeks later，Dad phoned and said，“I'll tell you that I just found your __20__ under my upstairs pillow！”I smiled at last.
1．A.experience B．attack
C．disaster D．pain
2．A.weekday B．night
C．weekend D．holiday
3．A.regularly B．rarely
C．suddenly D．occasionally
4．A.happened B．dreamed
C．agreed D．longed
5．A.feared B．cared
C．calmed D．regretted
6．A.hobby B．game
C．tradition D．business
7．A.hide B．write
C．copy D．leave
8．A.recall B．remember
C．enjoy D．find
9．A.exchange B．departure
C．arrival D．escape
10．A.weep B．sigh
C．smile D．scream
11．A.tidied B．entered
C．designed D．equipped
12．A.brief B．serious
C．sincere D．practical
13．A.spill B．spoil
C．boil D．freeze
14．A.upstairs B．downstairs
C．outside D．indoors
15．A.sense B．wealth
C．strength D．consciousness
16．A.glad B．fortunate
C．anxious D．busy
17．A.exercises B．needs
C．feelings D．sufferings
18．A.final B．visual
C．smooth D．concrete
19．A.emotional B．expensive
C．effective D．excellent
20．A.gift B．love
C．note D．letter
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。父亲得了肺炎后，作者夫妻俩由于工作日要工作，不能照顾父亲，心中感到非常难过。这时作者想起了家庭的传统，于是便带着孩子一起在父亲家里藏各种各样的表达爱的纸条，帮助父亲一起从疾病中康复过来。
1．B 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指父亲第二次肺炎发作。A项意为“经历”；B项意为“发作，侵袭”； C项意为“灾难”；D项意为“疼痛”。故选B项。
2．C 考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“but had to return to our jobs by Monday morning”可知，此处指“我”和丈夫周末陪父亲。A项意为“工作日”；B项意为“晚上”；C项意为“周末”；D项意为“假期”。故选C项。
3．A 考查副词辨析。根据空格后的“prepare his meals and take him to his doctor appointments”并结合四个选项可知，此处指亲戚们定期地去家里看望父亲，给他准备吃的，带他去看医生。A项意为“定期地，有规律地”；B项意为“很少”；C项意为“突然”；D项意为“偶尔”。故选A项。
4．D 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指“我”渴望让父亲知道“我们”也关心他，甚至在“我们”不在他身边的时候。A项意为“发生”；B项意为“梦想”；C项意为“同意”；D项意为“渴望”。故选D项。
5．B 考查动词辨析。上文提到亲戚们会定期去家里看望父亲，照顾他，此处承接上文，指“我”渴望让父亲知道“我们”也关心他。A项意为“害怕”；B项意为“关心，关怀”；C项意为“使镇静”；D项意为“后悔，遗憾”。故选B项。
6．C 考查名词辨析。根据下文内容可知，此处指一个家庭的传统。A项意为“爱好”；B项意为“游戏”；C项意为“传统”；D项意为“生意”。故选C项。
7．A 考查动词辨析。根据下文“They hid notes somewhere.”可知，此处指每个孩子在屋子都会藏一张爱的纸条。A项意为“藏，隐蔽”； B项意为“写”；C项意为“复制，抄写”；D项意为“离开”。故选A项。
8．D 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“their grandparents would ________ as they discovered these reminders of our love”可知，此处指当“我们”离开后，“我”的父母会找到这些爱的纸条。A项意为“回忆”；B项意为“记得”；C项意为“喜欢，享受”；D项意为“找到，发现”。故选D项。
9．B 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“after we were gone”可知，此处指当我们离开后的几天里。A项意为“交换”；B项意为“离开”；C项意为“到达”；D项意为“逃跑”。故选B项。
10．C 考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“as they discovered these reminders of our love”可知，此处指当他们找到这些爱的纸条后，会露出笑容。A项意为“哭泣”；B项意为“叹气”；C项意为“微笑”；D项意为“尖叫”。故选C项。
11．A 考查动词辨析。根据语境并结合四个选项可知，“我”整理父亲的房间时，开始写纸条。A项意为“整理，使整洁”；B项意为“进入”；C项意为“设计”；D项意为“装备”。故选A项。
12．D 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“Dad, I put the milk in the fridge so it wouldn't ________.”可知，一些纸条的内容是实用的。A项意为“简洁的”； B项意为“严肃的，严重的”；C项意为“真诚的”；D项意为“实际的，真实的”。故选D项。
13．B 考查动词辨析。根据常识和语境可知，此处指把牛奶放在冰箱里，这样它就不会变质了。A项意为“溢出，泼出”；B项意为“变质，变坏，腐败”；C项意为“烧开，煮沸”；D项意为“冷藏”。故选B项。
14．B 考查副词辨析。根据下文中的“but one note I hid upstairs under his pillow”可知，此处指“我”把大多数纸条放在了楼下。A项意为“楼上”；B项意为“在楼下”；C项意为“在外面”；D项意为“在室内”。故选B项。
15．C 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“Dad, if you have found this note，you must be feeling better.”可知，父亲会在楼下待几周直到他体力恢复。A项意为“感觉”；B项意为“财富”；C项意为“体力，力气”；D项意为“知觉”。故选C项。
16．A 考查形容词辨析。根据上下文和常识可知，当得知父亲身体恢复健康后，“我们”都非常高兴。A项意为“高兴的”；B项意为“幸运的”；C项意为“焦急的”；D项意为“忙碌的”。故选A项。
17．B 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“we, of course, would stay in touch by phone”可知，其他人来照顾父亲的日常需要。A项意为“练习”；B项意为“需要”；C项意为“感觉”；D项意为“痛苦，苦难”。故选B项。
18．D 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“reminder of our love and concern for him during this recovery period”可知，这些纸条是我们对父亲的爱的具体表达。A项意为“最终的”；B项意为“视觉的”；C项意为“光滑的”； D项意为“具体的，确实的”。故选D项。
19．A 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“would improve his spiritual health”可知，这些情感的维生素改善了父亲的精神状态。A项意为“情感的，情绪的”；B项意为“昂贵的”；C项意为“有效的”；D项意为“卓越的”。故选A项。
20．C 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“but one note I hid upstairs under his pillow”可知，此处指父亲告诉“我”，他找到了“我”藏在楼上的纸条。A项意为“礼物”；B项意为“爱”；C项意为“便条，短笺”；D项意为“信”。故选C项。
长难句分析：When leaving their grandparents' home after a visit，each child would hide a love note in the house for them to find after we were gone.(第二段第二句)
分析：When引导时间状语从句，此处省略主语each child和be动词；after引导时间状语从句。
译文：当每一个孩子拜访他们的祖父母之后要离开的时候，他们都会在房子里藏一张充满爱的纸条让祖父母在他们走后寻找。
四、单句改错
1．I would appreciate very much if you could give me an early reply.
________________________________________________________
答案：appreciate后加it I would appreciate it if ... 是固定句式，意为“如果……我会十分感激”。
2．The climbers knew how they could protect themselves from injured.
________________________________________________________
答案：from后加being from是介词，且themselves和injure之间存在被动关系，因此使用动名词的被动结构，即being injured。
3．The government should pay attention the problems that stay-at-home children are faced with.
________________________________________________________
答案：attention后加to pay attention to “注意……”。
4．The wild population of koalas is in danger of dying away.
________________________________________________________
答案：away→out die out “灭绝”。
5．She was pleased with the way which he had accepted her criticism.
________________________________________________________
答案：which前加in或which→that或去掉which the way作先行词，且在定语从句中作状语时，其引导词有三种形式：in which或that或不填。
五、短文改错
（2018高考选练）
My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US, which was very interested. One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help. As the old man looked over the things on the yard that were to be sold, he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees. On the box was a card say, “25 cents each. . . ”“You will never sell these for that much. ”he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has brought the price up to 10 cents a piece. Without a moment’s delay, my neighbor picked up the box but announced, “I’ll take them. ”
参考答案:
1. 【解析】第一句 story前加a。 考查冠词的用法。此处story是可数名词, 表示一个故事, 故加a。
2. 【解析】 第一句interested→interesting。 考查形容词的用法。此处是非限制性定语从句, 先行词是a story故用interesting。
3. 【解析】第二句 come→came。考查动词时态。根据全文可知用一般过去时。
4. 【解析】第三句on→in或yard→ground。 in the yard在院子里。on the ground在地上。
5. 【解析】第三句ball→balls。 考查名词的单复数。根据a box of可知用复数。
6. 【解析】第四句say→saying。 考查非谓语动词的用法。此处a card和say是主动关系, 故用现在分词。
7. 【解析】第六句去掉has。 考查动词时态。根据文意可知此处用一般过去时, 故去掉has。
8. 【解析】第六句 up→down。 考查句意理解。根据上文的25 cents each知应为“将价格降到10美分”, 所以用down。
9. 【解析】第七句 my→his。 考查代词指代一致。根据句意此处应是his。
10. 【解析】第七句but→and。考查并列连词的用法。此处不是转折关系, 而是顺承关系, 故改为and。
Unit 5 Music
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
For over a century，the Nashua River in Massachusetts provided power for mills(工厂)，which gave jobs to thousands of people.Over the years，these paper，cotton，wood，and woolen mills had dumped their waste into its waters.
By the 1960s，the Nashua River was about as polluted as any river could get.Its waters ran red or green or blue with dye (染料)from paper mills situated on its banks.The fumes(烟)from this dye blackened paint on the buildings near the river.
Then along came Marion Stoddart with a simple but overwhelming idea—clean up the Nashua.This was no one-woman campaign.Stoddart encouraged the paper mills and the business community to form partnerships to reclaim the river.She carried jars of dirty river water to local officials to demonstrate the seriousness of the problem.Stoddart talked with business leaders about economic problems.She talked with environmentalists about the long-term problems of pollution.
Stoddart knew that the State Water Pollution Control Board would have the final say on forcing the clean-up.When she spoke to the board，she insisted that the Nashua should be made safe for swimming.They thought her goals were unrealistic.
However，the partnerships Stoddart had helped form and the volunteers who were drawn to her cause never gave up.They all realized that cleaning up the river was in everyone's best interests.By 1993，several water treatment plants had been built，and a conservation area called a“greenway”had been created along the banks of the river.
Today mills are still operating along the river，but there are also fish in the river.The Nashua River welcomes boaters，naturalists，and even swimmers.None of this would have been possible without a woman of vision and a community working together.
1．What does the underlined word“reclaim” refer to?
A．Rescue. B．Enlarge.
C．Monitor. D．Explore.
2．What's the board's attitude to Stoddart's goal of improving the river?
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Neutral. D．Cautious.
3．What kind of person is Marion Stoddart?
A．Independent and broad-minded.
B．Determined and far-sighted.
C．Intelligent and creative.
D．Stubborn and proud.
4．What message is conveyed through the no one-woman campaign?
A．It'll be all right on the night.
B．Prevention is better than cure.
C．Many hands make light work.
D．Failure is the mother of success.
【解题导语】本文讲的是Marion Stoddart如何联合个体、团体和政府部门共同治理河水污染。
【难句分析】None of this would have been possible without a woman of vision and a community working together.
分析：本句用了虚拟语气。None of this would have been possible表示与过去事实相反的情况，without引出虚拟条件。
译文：如果没有一个具有远见卓识的女人和一个一起努力的团体，所有这一切都是不可能的。
1．A 考查词义猜测。结合语境及上下文中出现的“clean up the Nashua”“the clean-up”“cleaning up the river”等信息可知，此处指的应是河流治理方面的内容，由此可推知画线词的意思应是“改造”，与A项意思相近，故选A。
2．B 考查观点态度。根据第四段中的“When she spoke to the board...They thought her goals were unrealistic”可知，该委员会认为Stoddart改善河流状况的目标不切实际，即是持怀疑的态度的，故选B。
3．B 考查推理判断。根据文章第三、四段中对Stoddart为了改善河流状况东奔西走的描述及最后一段中的“a woman of vision”可知，Marion Stoddart是一个有决心和有远见卓识的人。故选B。
4．C 考查推理判断。通读全文可知，改善纳舒厄河被污染的现状并不是Stoddart一个人的战斗，她还积极地联合个体、团体和政府部门共同治理河水污染，并最终收到成效。由此可知，C项“人多好办事，众人拾柴火焰高”符合题意。A项意为“车到山前必有路”；B项意为“预防优于补救”。
二、单句语法填空
1．The meeting didn't break ________until noon.
答案：up break up “结束；解散”。
2．She buried her head under the covers, ________(pretend) to be asleep.
答案：pretending 此处She与pretend之间是主动关系，且pretend表示的动作几乎与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，故用现在分词pretending作伴随状语。
3．The process is ________(pain), but the result is desirable. Remember: no pains, no gains.
答案：painful 此处形容词painful “痛苦的”，作表语。
4．She was efficient and ________(rely), so we all liked her very much.
答案：reliable 此处形容词reliable “可靠的”，作表语。
5．He was full of ________(confident) that he would be admitted to the famous university.
答案：confidence full of confidence “充满信心”。
6．It is hard for migrant workers ________(earn) a living, especially during the present financial crisis.
答案：to earn 此处to earn a living是不定式短语作主语，句首It是形式主语。
7．The old are very ________(attach) to old customs and habits.
答案：attached be attached to “依恋……”。
8．Tom and his twin sisters are going to put on a ________ (perform) tomorrow evening.
答案：performance put on a performance “演出”。
9．To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, ________all, honest.
答案：above above all为固定短语，意为“最重要；首先”。
10．(2017·北京高考)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
答案：whose 本空需要关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，句子还原后的表达是one of its purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation，这里把作定语的人称代词its改为whose，引导定语从句并在从句中作定语，指代前面的名词the World Food Programme，因此填whose。
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2018·海口调研)
My fiancé(未婚夫)and I decided today was the day to treat ourselves to a nice dinner.It __1__ as“our day”，but little did we know that it would turn into much __2__.I didn't want the whole day to be about wanting to __3__ the office for the upcoming(即将到来的)__4__ and I didn't want it to be just another romantic night for two，__5__ I decided to do something to make ourselves and others happy.
I began in small ways.I __6__ a few more coins into the food vending machines(自动售货机)at work for the staff，so that there would be something for the next __7__ worker.I posted smile signs in the hall which gave __8__ instructions on how to smile as __9__ entered the office，either before their morning cup of coffee or right before a meeting with their boss.I drafted some powerful words of inspiration on colorful strips of paper and decorated my __10__ ，so that any colleague who came by might just__11__ for a moment，read，and __12__ change their feeling.
When it came time for our lovely dinner to __13__ that night，I left the server a big __14__ and a well-wishing note for her to have a __15__ day.As my fiance and I were just about to leave our table，the waitress __16__ tears beside us.We asked her to __17__ with us and we just listened.As an emotional mother-to-be，I __18__ along with her，too.Our table for two was now for __19__.
It was a day that was not __20__ ours，but it was the waitress'day，my co-workers' day，and now it's your day too!
1．A.started B．adapted
C．disappeared D．finished
2．A.later B．worse
C．more D．earlier
3．A.apply B．leave
C．find D．stay
4．A.party B．picnic
C．banquet D．dinner
5．A.if B．though
C．so D．because
6．A.turned B．put
C．made D．hid
7．A.full B．sleepy
C．angry D．hungry
8．A.few B．clean
C．clear D．puzzling
9．A.employees B．managers
C．friends D．bosses
10．A.home B．office
C．restaurant D．bedroom
11．A.stop B．run
C．eat D．buy
12．A.never B．hardly
C．frequently D．perhaps
13．A.change B．begin
C．arise D．end
14．A.bill B．tip
C．order D．menu
15．A.wonderful B．careful
C．busy D．anxious
16．A.looked into B．came into
C．made into D．burst into
17．A.stand up B．sit down
C．go away D．stay up
18．A.smiled B．shouted
C．cried D．cheered
19．A.three B．four
C．five D．six
20．A.ever B．usual
C．just D．even
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和她的未婚夫决定一起共进晚餐。在这本该属于他们自己的特殊一天里，作者却选择把关爱和欢乐一同送给同事、餐厅服务员、甚至是未曾谋面的陌生人，让爱和温暖滋润他人。
1．A 考查动词辨析。根据下文的“but little did we know that it would turn into much ________”及下文内容可知，这顿晚餐一开始只属于我们。start意为“开始”，符合语境。故选A。
2．C 考查形容词辨析。根据最后一段中的“but it was the waitress' day，my co-workers' day, and now it's your day too”可知，“我们”的这一天最后却变得更有意义，是更多人的一天。more 意为“更多”，符合语境。故选C。
3．B 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指吃晚饭前先离开办公室。leave意为“离开”，符合语境。故选B。
4．D 考查名词辨析。根据第一段第一句中的“a nice dinner”可知，此处指即将到来的晚餐。故选D。
5．C 考查连词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指作者不想这一天只属于她和未婚夫，她也想给他人带来快乐。本句与上句构成因果关系。故选C。
6．B 考查动词辨析。根据语境及常识可知，硬币应该是放入自动售货机。B项意为“放，安置”，符合语境。故选B。
7．D 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“food vending machines(自动售货机)”可知，此处指在自动售货机里放入多一些的硬币，是为了让下一个肚子饿了来买食物的同事有东西吃。hungry意为“饥饿的”，符合语境。故选D。
8．C 考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“instructions”及上文中的“I posted smile signs in the hall”可知，此处指作者在大厅里贴出清晰易懂的笑脸示范。clear意为“清晰易懂的，明白清楚的”，符合语境。故选C。
9．A 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“right before a meeting with their boss”可知，此处应指雇员。故选A。
10．B 考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“any colleague who came by”可知，作者装饰的是办公室。故选B。
11．A 考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“for a moment，read”可知，路过的同事们看到激励的话会停下来读一读。故选A。
12．D 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，作者觉得这些激励的话可能会改变同事们的心情。此处表推测。故选D。
13．D 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“I left the server...”可推知，此处应表示在晚餐结束要离开的时候。end意为“结束，终止”，符合语境。故选D。
14．B 考查名词辨析。根据语境及常识可知，在离开之前作者给服务员留下了很丰厚的小费。B项意为“小费”，符合语境。故选B。
15．A 考查形容词辨析。根据上文及“a well-wishing note”可知，作者的便条是祝愿服务员有美好的一天。wonderful意为“精彩的，绝妙的”，符合语境。故选A。
16．D 考查动词短语辨析。根据上下文语境可知，服务员看到作者的便条感动得哭了。burst into tears意为“突然哭了”，符合语境。故选D。
17．B 考查动词短语辨析。根据空格后的“with us”可知，作者邀请服务员坐下来，听她倾诉。B项意为“坐下”，符合语境。故选B。
18．C 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“As an emotional mother-to-be”及语境可知，服务员突然哭起来，而作者作为一名感性的孕妇也陪她哭了起来。故选C。
19．A 考查数词辨析。根据上文可知，作者夫妇和服务员一起坐着，因此一共是三个人。故选A。
20．C 考查副词辨析。句意为：这一天已经不仅仅是属于我们的，也是属于服务员的、我的同事的而且现在也是你们的。just意为“仅仅”，符合语境。故选C。
四、单句改错
1．Her devotion in the job left her with very little free time.
________________________________________________________
答案：in→to devotion名词“奉献；热爱”常与to搭配。
2．Help in form of money will be very welcome.
________________________________________________________
答案：in后加the in the form of “以……形式”。
3．This is a kind of flower familiar with many of us.
________________________________________________________
答案：with→to Sth. is familiar to sb. “某物是某人所熟知的”。
4．My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.
________________________________________________________
答案：dreams后加of或about dream of/about “梦想”。
5．He is so diligent that he never goes anywhere with a book.
________________________________________________________
答案：with→without never ... without ... 是双重否定表达肯定含义的用法。
五、短文改错
(2017·福建省厦门市二模)
Last Sunday，I joined the voluntary group to help keep the traffic in good order at a big crossing near our school.At 8∶00 a．m.，we arrived there，wore red vests with the word VOLUNTEER on the back.We helped with the police remind the passers-by to obey traffic rule.To our delighted，they all waited for the green light patient except one motor-biker.We also give out some hand?made brochures about traffic regulations，for that many people praised us.About 4 hours later，they said good-bye to the police and left.Tired as we were，we all felt an honor to do our parts.
答案：
Last Sunday，I joined voluntary group to help keep the traffic in good order at a big crossing near our school.At 8∶00 a．m.，we arrived there， red vests with the word VOLUNTEER on the back.We helped with the police remind the passers-by to obey traffic .To our ，they all waited for the green light except one motor-biker.We also out some hand-made brochures about traffic regulations，for many people praised us.About 4 hours later， said good-bye to the police and left.Tired as we were，we all felt an honor to do our parts.
? 解析：在全文中是第一次出现，不能用特指，而应用泛指。故将the改为a。
? 解析：现在分词作状语表主动含义，此处wear的主语是we，其间是主动关系。
? 解析：帮助某人做某事，不存在help with sb.sth这一搭配。故将with去掉。
? 解析：交通法规为固定用语，法规肯定不可能就一个。故将rule改为rules。
? 解析：固定用语，意为令我们高兴的是……。故将delighted改为delight。
? 解析：副词修饰形容词，此处是用副词patiently修饰形容词waited。
? 解析：整篇文章所描述的事情发生在过去，所以动词应用过去时态。
? 解析：考查定语从句中介词＋which的用法，此处for是与后面praised相照应的，praise sb.for sth.
? 解析：全篇的人称都是we我们，根据句意也应该是“我们和警察道别”。
解析：it在此处作形式宾语不可省略，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。
