Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling
状语从句的用法
【巩固练习】
I．单项选择。
1．Tom will call me as soon as he ______ home.
A．gets B．has got C．got D．will get
2．We won’t start the meeting _______ our teacher arrives.
A．though B．until C．while D．or
3．We will have no water to drink ________ we don’t protect the earth．
A．until B．before C though D．if
4．Jane, please turn off the lights ______ you leave the classroom.
A．after B．before C．until D．but
5. While she TV in the sitting room, the bell .
A. watches, rings B. is watching, rang
C. was watching, rang D. watched, was ringing
6. She was busy, she couldn't go to your birthday party last night.
A. so B. and C. or D. but
7. Don't cross the road the light turns green.
A. when B. while C. until D. as
8. She will find him a kind man when she more about him.
A. knows B. know C. will know D. is going to know
9. It is ten years I left my hometown.
A. since B. if C. whether D. until
10. I was cooking he was reading a book.
A. after B. while C. because D. but
11. She worked quietly no one knew she was there.
A. so, as B. so, that C. too, to D. very, that
12. I to bed last night until my father came back.
A. went B. didn't go C. had gone D. would go
13. I him since we met last in 1981.
A. don't see B. didn't see C. won't see D. haven't seen
14. We won’t give up ______________we should fail ten times.
A. even if B. since C. whether D. until
15. The volleyball match will be put off if it _______________.
A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining
【真题链接】
1. — What do you think of your Junior Middle School life?
— I think it is colorful, ______ I am always busy.
A. if B. though C. while D. until
2. We didn’t enjoy the day the weather was so bad.
A. because B. though C. unless D. till
3. Julie didn’t leave her office ____ the police arrived.
A. however B. whenever C. while D. until
II.根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。
1. 虽然他贫穷，但至少他诚实。
_______he is poor, he is _______honest.
2.即使明天天气不好，约翰还想去。
_______ the weather is bad tomorrow, John __________ go.
3. 不要要我解释，除非你真得不懂。
Don’t ask me _____________ you really don't understand.
4. 快点！否则你就错过火车了。
????Hurry up, _______ you _________the train.
5. 自从我1990年搬家到这，就住在这个城市里。
We ________in this city __________ I moved here in 1990.
6.你决定当你长大时想干什么了吗？
Have you decided ________you want to be _______ you grow up?
7. 不要着急，我得到信息就给你打电话。
________, I’ll phone you_________ I get the news.
8. 昨天直到警察来，那个醉汉才离开车站。
The drunk man _______the station _______ the police came yesterday.
【答案与解析】
I.单项选择。
1. A。句意为“Tom一到家就会给我打电话的”。本题考查时问状语从句。主句为一般将来时，as soon as引导的是时间状语从句要用一般现在时，故答案为A项。
2. B。句意为“直到老师到了我们才会开始开会”。本题考查连词的用法。not... until... 意为“直到……才……”。
3. D。句意为“如果我们不保护地球，我们将没有水喝”。until直到……；before在……之前；though尽管，虽然；if如果。四个选项中D符合句意。
4. B。句意为“Jane，离开教室前请关灯”。after在……之后；before在……之前；until直到；but但是。根据句意应选B。
5. C。本题是由while引导的状语从句，强调的是 “正在看电视时，门铃响了”，所以从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。答案为C。
6. A。前面一句是说明理由“她很忙”，才产生后面的结果“不能参加你的生日晚会。”答案是A。
7. C。如果主句用否定形式，从句用肯定形式，表示“直到……才……”，并且主句的谓语动词为非延续行动词（如：leave，start，come，see，go to bed等），表示这一动作直到某时才开始发生，故选择C。
8. A。在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来意义。
9. A。在英语里，有一些非延续性的动词，他们只是一瞬间就结束的动作，如：come，go，arrive，reach，see，hear，close，leave，begin，start，lose，buy，fall，join，die，get up等，用It is… since…的句型来表达目前存在的一种状态。故正确答案为A。
10. B。由while引导的从句表示某个动作还在进行的同时，另一个动作也在进行之中。故正确答案为B。
11. B。so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”，表示结果，故正确答案为B。
12. B。在not…until…句式中，意为“直到……才……”，句意为“直到爸爸回来，我才上床睡觉”。
13. D。由since引导的一般过去时从句，可知主句要用现在完成时。句意为“自从1989年我们最后一次相见，就没有再相见过”。
14. A。句意为“即使我们失败十次，我们都不会放弃在”。even if意为“即使”引导让步状语从句。
15. B。考查if引导的条件状语从句。如果主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来的意义。
【真题链接】
1. B。句意：— 你觉得你的初中生活怎么样？— 我觉得丰富多彩，尽管我一直很忙。if“如果”；though“尽管，虽然”；while“当……时候”；until“直到”。根据句意可知此处引导让步状语从句，故选B。
2. A。句意：因为天气太差我们未能尽情享受。从句表原因，故选A。though“虽然”；unless“除非”；till“直到”均不符合题意。
3. D。句意：Julie没有离开她的办公室，直到警察来了。however“不管怎样”；whenever“无论什么时候”；while“当……时候”；until“直到”。根据句意选D项。
II.根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。
1. Although / Though；at least
2. Even though / Even if, will want to
3. to explain unless
4. or, will miss
5. have lived，since
6. what, when
7. Don't worry, as soon as
8. didn't leave, until
Unit6 Enjoying Cycling
综合能力演练
I. 单项选择。
1．It’s impossible for us ____ there on foot in two hours.
A. to get B. get C. getting D. got
2．—Though Mike is ____ boy, he can say many words.
—How clever!
A. an-one-year-old B. a one-year-old C. an one-year old D. a one-year old
3. I want ____ the answer to the problem. Could you help me?
A. to come up with B. coming up with
C. come up with D. came up with
4. The foreign visitors ____ watching Beijing Opera at Haidian Theater.
A. looks forward to B. looking forward to
C. are looking forward to D. will look forward to
5. —How much did your new car ____ you?
—￥800 000.
A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take
6. You’d better ring up your parents ____ you get there.
A. when B. until C. while D. as soon as
7. It took us ____ to finish this work.
A. three hour and a half B. three and a half hour
C. three and half hours D. three and a half hours
8. Many animals are not found ____ else. They are extinct (灭绝的).
A. anywhere B. everywhere C. in anywhere D. in everywhere
9. Mr. Wang used to ____ to work, but now he gets used to ____ to work.
A. drive; ride B. drive; riding C. driving; ride D. driving; riding
10. When I first learned English, I was afraid of ____ English with others.
A. speak B. speaks C. speaking D. spoke
[真题链接]
1. —What do you think of her teaching English?
—Great! No one teaches in our school.
A. good B. worse C. better D. best
2. My sister ______ goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day.
A. always B. sometimes C. hardly D. never
3. — It’s smoggy these days. That’s terrible!
— Yes, I hope to plant trees.________ trees, ______air pollution.
A. The more; the fewer B. the less; the more
C. The less; the fewer D. The more; the less
II. 完形填空。
Mr. Smith works in New York. Last month he had a fifteen-day holiday, but he didn’t know where to spend it. He spoke to his friend Bill, “I 1 the hot weather, but I can’t find a cool place in America. How should I spend my holiday?”
“That’s easy,” said Bill, “You’d 2 to Moscow. Snow and ice are covering the ground now. ”
Mr. Smith agreed 3 his friend. He bought an air ticket and soon 4 Moscow. He had a happy trip there, but one day he 5 . After lunch he went outside the city, he saw a dog 6 him while he 7 past(走过) a house. The dog was hungry and wished him to give it some food to eat. Bad luck! He had no piece of bread or cake in his pockets. He tried to drive it away. But it began to bark at(对……大叫) him. He wanted to look for a stick but he couldn’t find anything 8 snow and ice. Suddenly he saw a stone on the ground. He hurried to 9 but failed.
“How strange Russians are!” Mr. Smith said to himself, “They don’t tie dogs, but firmly (紧紧地) 10 the stones. My God!”
1. A. like B. unlike C. not like D. hate
2. A. would go B. would not go C. better go D. better to go
3. A. to B. with C. at D. about
4. A. arrived in B. arrive in C. reach D. reached in
5. A. made a mistake B. get into trouble
C. got into trouble D. find the trouble
6. A. to follow B. is following C. followed D. following
7. A. was walking B. walked C. was crossing D. crossed
8. A. except B. besides C. beside D. without
9. A. picked it up B. picked up it C. pick it up D. pick up it
10. A. tied B. lied C. tie D. lie
III. 阅读理解。
A
Come to Austria(奥地利)!
Soll is a village in the mountains in Western Austria, and a local(当地的) family opens a Hotel Post there. The hotel is clean and not expensive. From the hotel you can see the whole village, the forest and the mountains. Temperatures in summer are usually around 20℃ to 25℃ in the daytime, but much cooler in the evening.
Enjoy Thailand(泰国)!
When you visit Bangkok in Thailand, don’t miss the early morning river boat trip to the Floating Market just outside the city. There you will find many kinds of fruit and vegetables. There you can buy them when you sit in your boat. Don’t forget your hat—the sun can be strong and it may be as hot as 40℃at midday!
Visit Hawaii(夏威夷)!
Maybe the most beautiful place in Hawaii is Kauai. You can visit its long beaches(沙滩) in the south and west of the island(岛), and mountains and forests in the north, but be careful—there are many mosquitoes(蚊子), and don’t be surprised if it rains in the center of the island. Daytime temperatures there are usually around 24℃to 26℃by the sea, and only a little cooler in the late evening.
根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
1. If you stay at the Hotel Post, you’ll see the whole village, the forest and _________________.
2. At the Floating Market you can buy things in ____________________________.
3. Because the sun is strong in Bangkok, you should bring ____________________________.
4. In the north of Kauai Island there are ____________________________.
5. The warmest place of the three is ____________________________.
B
Bikes are popular in the Dutch(荷兰). In fact, nearly half of all travel in the Dutch is by bike. Now, one Dutch bike designer(设计师), Thomas, has taken the country’s interest in bikes by making a school bus bike.
The big bike has eight sets of pedals(踏板) for kids, a driver seat for an adult, and three other seats, comfortably letting little kids for their trip to and from school. The bike even has a motor, which can help with high hills or at times when few kids on it.
So far, Thomas tells Fast Company, he’s sold 25 school-bikes, at a price of $ 25,000 each—less than it would cost to buy a traditional school bus with the same number of seats. Along with the traditional color, the bikes, are colored yellow so that they can be seen easily.
Thomas says he’s sold school bus bikes to neighboring countries such as Belgium, England and Germany, but so far, the school bus bike hasn’t been sold in the United States. If the U.S. agrees to buy this kind of school bus bike, it could do a lot of good to improve exercise for a young age and help them keep healthy.
6. How do people in the Dutch usually go to work?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike. D. On foot.
7. How many seats does the school bus bike have?
A. Three. B. Eight. C. Nine. D. Twelve.
8. The school buses are yellow in the Dutch because _______.
A. the color yellow is easy to paint
B. yellow buses can be seen easily
C. yellow is the national color of Dutch
D. it’s the designer’s favorite color
9. Which country of the following hasn’t bought a school bus bike?
A. America. B. Germany. C. England. D. Belgium.
10. Which of the following is TRUE？
A. Thomas made a new kind of school bus.
B. A school bus usually costs $ 25,000.
C. Thomas sold bikes to Asian countries.
D. Riding school bus bikes helps keep kids healthy.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 单项选择。
1. A。考查不定式作真正主语的结构，其句型结构为：It+be+adj. (+for sb. )+to do sth.。故选A。
2. B。one-year-old是复合形容词，其结构为“基数词+名词+形容词”。三个单词之间须用连字符，故排除C和D；该复合词以one开头且one是以辅音音素开头，所以其前用不定冠词a。故选B。
3. A。考查固定搭配。want to do sth. 意为“想(要)干某事”，加不定式作宾语。come up with意为“想出、想到”。故选A。
4. C。考查固定搭配。look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事，注意这里的to是介词, 后跟名词或动名词。因京剧是中国的国粹，一般来到中国的参观者都想看，所以用现在时。故选C。
5. C。考查动词“花费”的用法。当物作主语时，常用cost；it作主语时，常用take，其句型结构为：It takes sb. some time to do sth. ; 人作主语时，既可用spend也可用pay, 其区别为：
sb. +spend + time/money on sth./(in) doing sth. ; sb. +pay money for sth. 题目中主语为物。故选C。
6. D。本题考查时间状语从句中连词的用法。句意为“你最好一到那儿就给你父母打电话”。故选D。
7. D。三个半小时的正确表达是：three and a half hours或three hours and a half。故选D。
8. A。anywhere在任何地方，用于否定句和疑问句，everywhere到处；两词均不用介词修饰。句意为“许多动物是其他地方没有的”。故选A。
9. B。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事，句意为“王先生过去常开车上班，但现在习惯于骑车上班”。故选B。
10. C。be afraid of doing sth.意为“害怕做某事”。故选C。
[真题链接]
1. C。本句意为：——你认为她教的英语怎么样？——太棒了！我们学校没有老师可以比她更好。此处用good的比较级形式。
2. A。句意：我妹妹总是很早上床睡觉，因为她每天需要很多睡眠时间。本题考查频度副词辨析。always总是；sometimes有时；hardly几乎不；never从不。根据句意可知选择A项。
3. D。本题意为：——这些天烟雾弥漫。太糟糕了！——是的，我希望多种些树，树木越多，空气污染越少。the+比较级。表示 “越……越……”。air pollution为不可数名词，故用less，所以本题答案应为D。
II. 完形填空。
1. D。根据下一句，在美国找不到一个凉爽的地方可知，史密斯先生不喜欢炎热的天气。
2. C。固定搭配，had better do sth. 意为“最好做某事”。
3. B。固定搭配，agree with sb. 意为“同意某人的观点”，而agree to sth. 表示同意某种观点。
4. A。全文均为一般过去时，故此处也用过去时。reach是及物动词，可直接跟地点，而arrive是不及物动词，其后要加in/at再跟地点; arrive in跟大地点；arrive at跟小地点。
5. C。make a mistake意为“犯错误”；get into trouble意为“陷入困境，遇到麻烦”；find the trouble意为“发现困难”。根据文章内容可知，那天史密斯先生是遇到麻烦。
6. D。固定搭配，see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人正在做某事”， see sb. do sth. 意为“看见某人做某事的全过程”。
7. A。while引导的时间从句前后动作同时进行。walk past意为“走过”，cross本身含有“穿过”之意，不必另加介词了。
8. A。except意为“除……之外（而不包括）”，besides意为“除……之外（包括）”。故此处选except最佳，因为史密斯先生除了雪和冰之外就找不到别的什么了。
9. C。pick up是“动词+副词”构成的短语，当代词作宾语时应放在pick和up中间。另外，介词to后加动词原形。故选C。
10. C。tie意为“栓，系，结”，而lie意为“位于”。
III. 阅读理解。
A
1. the mountains。由第一段“From the hotel you can see the whole village, the forest and the mountains.” 可知。
2. your boat。由第二段“There you can buy them when you sit in your boat.”可知。
3. your hat。由第二段“Don’t forget your hat—the sun can be strong and it may be as hot as 40℃ at midday！”可知。
4. mountains and forests。由第三段第二句“and mountains and forests in the north”可知。
5. Bangkok in Thailand/Thailand。由第一段可知Austria西部某地的白天气温为20℃-25℃；由第二段可知Bangkok in Thailand 的阳光强烈，中午气温可达到40℃；由第三段可知Kauai的白天气温通常为24℃-26℃。比较三个地点的温度，便可得出答案。
B
6. C。由第一段的前两句话Bikes are popular in the Dutch(荷兰). In fact, nearly half of all travel in the Dutch is by bike.可知近乎一半的荷兰人都骑自行车上班，故答案选C。
7. D。由第二段的The big bike has eight sets of pedals(踏板) for kids, a driver seat for an adult, and three other seats, 大的自行车有八套孩子的踏板，一个成年的司机座椅，和其他三个座位，可知校车一共有12个座位，故答案选D。
8. B。由倒数第二段的最后一句话Along with the traditional color, the bikes, are colored yellow so that they can be seen easily.可知学校校车的颜色是黄色的是因为：它们可以很容易地被发现。故答案选B。
9. A。由最后一段的第一句话but so far, the school bus bike hasn’t been sold in the United States.可知美国目前还没有出售校车。
10. D。由本文的最后一句话it could do a lot of good to improve exercise for a young age and help them keep healthy可知骑自行车可以使学生们保持健康。故答案选D。
Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling
综合能力演练
I. 单项选择。
1. —What about going shopping together?
—Sorry, I have a lot of homework ____.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. did
2. —What did the teacher say just now?
—He asked them ____ the math problem.
A. discussing B. discussed C. to discuss D. discuss
3. —I’ll go on a visit to Mount Huang.
—____
A. Thank you. B. Have a good trip. C. Never mind. D. My pleasure.
4. —Mary can’t help ____ the house. Why?
—Because she is busy ____ a hotel reservation.
A. to clean; making B. cleaning; making
C. cleaning; to make D. to clean; to make
5. My father was watching TV ______ my mother was cooking.
A. when B. until C. while D. as soon as
6. —Shall we go on a field trip to Tenglong Cave by bike?
—No. It’s ____ far ____ cycle. Let’s choose other vehicles.
A. too; to B. so; to C. too; not to D. so; that
7. —We’ll go hiking if it ____ rain tomorrow.
—That would be fine.
A. isn’t B. won’t C. don’t D. doesn’t
8. —I’m sorry that John is out.
—Please ask him to call me as soon as he ____.
A. returned B. returns C. will return D. is returning
[真题链接]
1. －It’s important for us to know _________ all the subjects.
－Yeah，group work is my favorite.
A．how to study B．when to study C．which to study D．what to study
2. This food is free．You don’t have to _________ it.
A．look for B．pay for C．ask for D．wait for
3. Thanks to the robots, the human reporters do not have to spend a lot of time _______ boring numbers and information.
A．processing B．to process C．processed D．process
II. 阅读理解。
A
Many people like to travel by plane, but I don’t like it because the airport is usually far from the city. You have to get there early and wait for hours for the plane to take off which is often late. You can’t open the windows. You can’t choose the food. Planes are fast, but it still takes hours to get out of the airport and into the city.
I like travelling by train. I think trains are safe. Railway stations are usually good in cities. When you are late for a train, you can catch another one. You can walk around in the train and open the windows. You can see many interesting things on your way, though it takes a little more time.
I also like cars. You can start your journey whenever you want to, and you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus stop. Also you can carry many things with you in a car. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road.
1. Why do many people like to travel by plane?
A. Because it is fast.
B. Because it is safe.
C. Because you can walk around in the plane.
D. Because it is cheap.
2. Which is not the good thing about the train?
A. It is safe. B. It takes a little more time.
C. You can open the window. D. You can walk around in the train.
3. If you want to take a lot of things with you, what will you take?
A. A bus. B. A car. C. A train. D. A subway.
4. What is the bad thing about the car?
A. You needn’t go to a railway station.
B. You can start your journey when you want to.
C. There are too many cars on the road.
D. You needn’t go to a bus stop.
5. According to the passage, which sentence is true?
A. He thinks taking a plane takes a lot of time to go to and get out of the airport.
B. He likes to take a train because it takes a little more time.
C. He likes to take a car because he has a car.
D. He likes to take a plane because he can choose the food.
B
阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Any time of the day you can devote to exercising is a good time for getting active, but if you want to make a healthy fitness plan, it may be helpful to keep several points in mind and find out the best time to exercise.
First, try to know what kind of person you are. Especially, are you an early bird who always wakes up early in the morning, or a night owl(猫头鹰)who almost never goes to bed before midnight? Once you are generally aware of what your sleep characteristics are, you will understand better when your body needs exercise, either early in the morning, sometime during the day, or later on in the evening.
Second, consider your daily plan. When do you seem to be most busy, and when do you plan your most important tasks? Try to fit in your exercise before or at least around these events if possible, so that you can keep exercising and your life won’t be affected(影响) as well.
Third, think about when you feel you have the most energy. For most people, that time is usually in the morning after a good night’s rest, or after a long day of work. After a busy or much stressful day, exercising can reduce your working stress from hard work.
Lastly, find out the place you plan to do exercise. Your house provides exercise at any time if you own fitness equipment(设备), but if there is a gym(健身房)down the street or along the way home from work, it will make it more suitable for you to exercise.
More importantly, you need to make a plan and try sticking to it for one week. If you do so and can get through the exercise without being pulled in another direction, make it a habit. And once you have set up your fitness plan, don't make any great changes to it unless your doctor allows you to.
Introduction
6 to take several points about exercise and find out the best time to exercise.
Main Points
▲Know your sleep characteristics and you will have a better 7 of when your body needs exercise.
▲Make your daily plan well so that you can keep exercising 8 affecting your life.
▲Think about when you are most energetic. Exercising after work can make you 9 stressed.
▲Find out where to do exercise, and it will make it more suitable for you.
Suggestions
▲Stick to your time table and never give up for one week. Then a habit may be formed.
▲Don’t change your plan unless you and your doctor reach a(n) 10 .
Ⅲ. 书面表达。
根据以下中文提示，以“Travel”为题写一篇60—80词的短文。
1. 当你对工作或学习感到厌烦时，可以选择旅行。休闲的同时也可以领略大自然的美丽风光，呼吸新鲜空气，结交新朋友，散心等。
2. 有时旅行会有烦恼，如天气多变、被雨淋湿等。
3. 出发前应充分了解天气情况，最好结伴同行，可以互相照应，以免发生意外。
提示词语：be tired of doing sth., enjoy the beauty of nature, breathe, prepare yourself, companion, cause accident ...
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
Ⅰ. 单项选择。
1. B。用不定式作后置定语，修饰其前面的名词homework。故选B。
2. C。固定结构ask sb. to do sth. 意为“请求/要求某人做某事”。故选C。
3. B。考查交际用语。当听到对方说将去旅行时，应礼貌地说“旅途愉快！”故选B。
4. A。be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”。句意为“玛丽不能帮助打扫房屋是因为她正忙于预订宾馆”，因此上句应是help (sb.) (to) do sth. 意为“帮助（某人）做某事”。故选A。
5. C。考查时间状语从句中连词的用法。题意为“父亲在看电视，而母亲正在做饭”。故选C。
6. A。too…to…表示“太……而不能……”之意，后面的“to”已含有“不能”之意，不必再加not。故选A。
7. D。由if引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时。主语是第三人称单数，rain是实义动词。故选D。
8. B。在含有时间状语从句的主从复合句中，若主句使用一般将来时，从句则使用一般现在时。此句中的主句是祈使句，它表示的动作还没有发生，相当于一般将来时。故选B。
[真题链接]
1. A。考查特殊疑问词辨析。由答语中的“group work is my favorite”可知，知道如何去学习所有学科很重要。how意为“怎样，如何”，符合题意。故选A。
2. B。考查动词短语辨析。look for意为“寻找”；pay for意为“支付”；ask for意为“请求”；wait for意为“等待”。由“This food is free．”可知，你不用付钱。故选B。
3. A。考查spend的固定结构。spend+时间+(in) doing sth．意为“做某事花费多少时间”。故选A。
II. 阅读理解。
A
1. A。由第一段最后一句“Planes are fast, ... ”得知，飞机是因为速度快而被人们接受的。
2. B。由第二段最后一句“…though it takes a little more time.” 可知，火车的缺点是旅行耗时长。
3. B。由第三段倒数第二句“Also you can carry many things with you in a car. ”可知是乘小汽车。
4. C。由最后一句“But sometimes there are too many cars on the road. ”可知只有C项为汽车的缺点，其他选项不合题意。
5. A。由第一段最后一句“Planes are fast, but it still ... ”得知唯有A项符合文章意思。
B
6. Remember
7. understanding
8. from
9. less
10. agreement
III. 书面表达。
Travel
Travel is a very good activity. When you are tired of working or studying, or when you have time, you can go to a beautiful place to enjoy the beauty of nature. You can breathe fresh air, make some new friends, relax yourself and so on.
But sometimes it may cause trouble. The weather often changes. You may get wet in the rain and may have a cold. You should prepare yourself carefully before your trip. You should know something about the weather. You’d better find a companion so that you can help each other to avoid accidents. In this way, you’ll have a wonderful trip.
Unit6 Enjoying Cycling
词汇精讲精练
词汇精讲
1. enjoy
enjoy是及物动词，意为“喜爱；享受……的乐趣”，后接动词的-ing形式作宾语，不接动词不定式。例如：
I enjoy Chinese food very much. 我很喜欢中国食物。
I enjoy working with you very much. 与你工作我很愉快。
【拓展】
enjoy oneself意为“玩得开心；过得愉快”，相当于have fun/have a good time。例如：
Do you enjoy yourself at the party? = Do you have fun/have a good time at the party?
你在聚会上玩得开心吗？
2. price
price是可数名词，意为“价格，价钱”。例如：
She bought the house at a high price. 她以高价买了那个房子。
【拓展】
（1）price表示价格高低常用high与low，而某物的贵与便宜常用expensive和cheap。例如：
The price of the apples is low. 苹果的价格低。
The apples are cheap. 苹果很便宜。
（2）询问物品价格有两种表达方式：
How much is it/does it cost?
What’s the price of…?
3. pay
pay是动词，意为“花费”，其过去式和过去分词为“paid”。它的主语一般是人，常用结构为：
sb. pay money for sth. 意为“某人为某物付钱”。例如：
I paid 200 yuan for the coat. 我花了200元买那件外套。
【拓展】
表示“花费”的词spend; take; cost和pay辨析：
词语
主语
结构
spend
人(sb.)
sb. spends + 时间或金钱+ (in) doing sth. /on sth.
take
it作形式主语
It takes sb. some time to do sth.(真正主语)
pay
人(sb.)
sb. pays + 金钱+ for sth.
cost
sth.(物)
sth. costs sb. + 金钱
例如：
I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。
It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。
I paid six yuan for the pen. 我花了六元钱买这支笔。
My English book cost me five yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。
4. receive
receive是及物动词，意为“收到，接到，得到”，其后可接介词from。receive a letter from sb.相当于hear from sb.，意为“收到某人的来信”。例如：
I received a letter from my mother. 我收到母亲的一封来信。
【拓展】
receive与accept的辨析：
两个词都作动词用，都表示“接受，收到”之意，但在用法上有所不同。receive表示客观上收到，而accept表示主观上接受。例如：
I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it.
昨天我收到了他的晚会请柬，但我拒绝接收。
5. direction
direction 名词，意为“方向，指南；用法说明，指示，命令”。例如：
They finally found the right direction.
他们终于找到了正确的方向。
【拓展】
in the direction 朝……方向；在……方向
in all directions 四面八方；全面地；向各方面
in the direction of 朝……方向，向……方向
right direction 正确方向
opposite direction 相反方向；敌对方向
6. find out
find out意为“找到，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“经过困难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。例如：
Please find out when the train leaves.
请查一下火车什么时候离站。
【拓展】
（1）find是动词，意为“找到”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，强调的是找的结果。例如：
He didn’t find his book. 他没有找到他的书。
（2）look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调找的动作。例如：
Jim is looking for his little dog. 吉姆正在找他的狗。
7. among
among 意为“在……中间”，一般用于三者或三者以上的，其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量或具有复数意义的名词或代词。例如：
His house is hidden among the trees. 他的房子隐藏在树林之中。
She sat among the children. 她坐在孩子们中间。
【拓展】
between一般指两者之间，其宾语往往是一个具体数目的人(物)，或者是由and连接的两个具体的人(物)。例如：
There was a fight between the two boys. 这两个男孩间发生了一场格斗。
I am sitting between my parents. 我正坐在我父母中间。
8. notice
（1）notice作名词，意为“布告，启事”，是可数名词。例如：
We have put a notice of renting these flats in the newspaper.
我们已经在报上登了出租这几套房的启事。
（2）notice作名词，意为“预告，警告”，是不可数名词。例如：
These rules can’t be changed without notice.
这些规则不预先通知不可以随便更改。
（3）notice作名词，意为 “注意”，是不可数名词。常用的词组有:
take notice of sb./sth.意为“注意某人/某物”。例如：
Take notice of what they say. 注意听他们说。
（4）notice作动词，意为“注意到，留心，看到”。常用于notice sb. do sth.意为“注意到某人做某事”（注意到某人作某事的全过程）或notice sb. doing sth.“注意到某人正在做某事”（表示正在进行的动作）。例如：
Did you notice Jack come in? 你注意到杰克进来了吗?
Did you notice his hand shaking? 你有没有注意到他的手在抖?
9. look out
look out意为“小心，注意”，用于祈使句，是提醒对方“小心”的常用语。例如：
Look out! There is a car coming. 当心！汽车过来了。
【拓展】
Watch out! 当心，小心！Be careful! 小心，注意！
10. careless
careless作形容词，意为“粗心的；漫不经心的”。其反义词为careful，意为“小心的，仔细的”。
例如：
A careless driver is a danger to us all.
粗心的司机对我们大家都是一种危险。
Jenny was careless to let out the secret.
珍妮不小心泄露了秘密。
【拓展】
less是表示否定意义的形容词后缀，这样的单词还有：hopeless“无望的”； sleepless“不眠的”；useless“无用的”；harmless“无害的”；selfless “无私的”等。
11. experience
（1）experience用作及物动词，表示“体验，经历”等。例如：
I experienced a lot of difficulties.
我经历了许多困难。
Have you ever experienced any jungle life？
你曾经体验过丛林生活吗？
【注意】
有时experience的过去分词experienced也用作形容词。例如：
Even experienced teachers can make mistakes.
即使有经验的教师也可能犯错误。
（2）experience用作不可数名词，表示“经验”；而表示“经历，感受”时，通常是可数名词。例如：
Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。
My father has rich experience in teaching English.
我的爸爸在英语教学方面有丰富的教学经验。
The car accident was a terrible experience to him.
那次车祸对他来说是一次很可怕的经历。
12. send
send是及物动词，意为“寄，发送”，过去式和过去分词都是sent，其后能接双宾语，即send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb.。例如：
He sent me a postcard. = He sent a postcard to me. 他寄给我一张明信片。
【拓展】
动词接双宾语时，有两种结构：
（1）动词+间接宾语(sb.) +直接宾语(sth.) 例如：
Please give me a pen. 请给我一支笔。
（2）动词+直接宾语(sth.) +介词(for/to) +间接宾语(sb.)
能接双宾语的动词可分为两类：
1）常用介词to的动词有：send; give; show; bring; show; teach; tell等。例如：
give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 意为“给某人某物”。
show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 意为“向某人展示某物”。
2）常用介词for的动词有：buy; sing; make; cook; get等。例如：
buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 意为“给某人买某物”。
make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 意为“给某人制作某物”。
词汇精练
I. 英汉互译。
1. go on a visit to … _________ 2. make the decision _________ 3. 查明，发现__________
4. raise money _________ 5. 期盼(做)某事_________ 6. 收到某人的来信________
7. advise sb. to do sth. _________ 8. 一……就_________ 9. go camping _________
10. ……怎么样？ _________
II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。
1. Next Sunday they will go on a spring f_______ trip.
2. We d______ to go there by airplane.
3. The t_______ time of riding from my home to our school is ten minutes.
4. We must make sure that we are in (安全) now.
5. We must pay a to the traffic lights when we cross the road.
6. Rose is a _______(普通的) flower. We can easily get it in a flower shop.
7. Can you believe so many books cost Helen only 5 d_______?
8. If you want to live more comfortably, you’d better buy a ______(冰箱).
9. The bicycle is one of the most important (交通工具) in the world.
10. Japan is to the e of China.
III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. —How about going ____ (camp) this weekend?
—That’s a good idea!
2. When you go to a new place, you should remember the ____ (direct).
3. We ____ (notice) the bad man run out of sight quickly just now.
4. Tom is looking forward to ____ (receive) his father’s letter, because his father works far away.
5. The conditions in the hotel will make you feel ______ (comfort).
6. _______ (travel) by car is very pleasant.
7. It took us half an hour ________ (find) out the cost by train.
8. Cycling is popular because it doesn’t cause air _________(pollute).
9. David was so _________(care) that he made many mistakes.
10. —Computer games are more and more interesting.
—I _________(agree) with you. I think we shouldn’t play too much.
Ⅳ. 选择适当的引导词完成句子。
when， while， not…until, before， as soon as…
1. Kate __________wake up ________the telephone rang.
2. Don’t speak ________ you are eating.
3. We were talking_________ the teacher came in.
4. Lily turned off the lights__________she left the room.
5._______________ the bell rings, the students will go into the classroom.
参考答案
I. 英汉互译。
1. 去……参观、旅游 2. 做决定 3. find out 4. 筹钱 5. look forward to (doing) sth.
6. hear from 7. 建议某人做某事 8. as soon as 9. 去野营 10. how about…/ what about…
II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。
1. field 2. decide/ decided 3. total 4. safety 5. attention
6. common 7. dollars 8. fridge/ refrigerator 9. vehicles 10. east
III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. camping 2. direction 3. noticed 4. receiving 5. comfortable
6. Traveling 7. to find 8. pollution 9. careless 10. disagree
Ⅳ. 选择适当的引导词完成句子。
1. didn’t, until 2. while 3. when 4. before 5. As soon as
Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling
词汇精讲精练
句式精讲
1. It’s too far to cycle.
too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not，只接动词原形即可，too后接形容词或副词原形。例如：
The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。
【拓展】
（1）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后所跟的介词不能省略。例如：
The room is too small to live in. 这房间太小了不能住。
（2）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式的宾语实际上就是这个句子的主语时，动词不定式后面不能再加代词作宾语。例如：
The question is too difficult to answer. 这个问题太难了，无法回答。
（3）在too…to…句型中，当动词不定式能确切说明动作执行者时，可以在动词不定式前面加上逻辑主语，即for sb.形式。例如：
The box is too heavy for him to carry. 箱子太沉了，他搬不动。
（4）含too…to…的句子可以改写成so…that…句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。例如：
He is too old to do hard work. =He is so old that he can’t do hard work.
他年纪太大而不能干重活。
（5）含too…to…的句子也可以用“not + 形容词/副词 + enough to do sth.”句型来替换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如：
He is too old to do hard work. =He is not young enough to do hard work.
他年纪大了，不能做重活。
2. I have some exciting news to tell you.
to tell you由to+动词原形构成的动词不定式，在句子中作定语，放在所修饰的名词之后。例如：
Do you know the best way to learn English well?
你知道学好英语的最佳方法吗？
【注意】
动词不定式作定语时，总是后置，不定式与其所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，而该不定式为不及物动词时，其后须加上适当的介词，构成及物动词短语。 例如：
I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一间屋子住。
I need a piece of paper to write on. 我需要一张写字用的纸。
【拓展】
不定式还有以下用法：
（1）作主语。例如：
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
（2）作宾语。这样的动词有：want; hope; ask; decide等。例如：
I want to be a football player. 我想成为一名足球运动员。
（3）作宾语补足语。这样的动词有：ask; teach; want; tell; allow等。例如：
He asked me to come here in time. 他叫我及时到达这里。
（4）作表语。例如：
My wish is to become a famous pianist.
我的愿望就是成为一名著名的钢琴家。
3. Why don’t we go out for the day?
“Why don’t +主语（名词或代词）+动词原形+其他？”相当于“Why not+动词原形+其他？”并不表示疑问，而是征求意见和提出建议。例如：
Why don’t you go swimming? = Why not go swimming? 为什么不去游泳呢？
— Why not play football with us? 为什么不和我们去踢足球呢？
— That sounds like a good idea. 这是个好主意。
4. While Jane was singing, I was reading a book.
while 作连词，意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，并且是主句和从句动作同时发生，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词或表状态，且常用进行时态。例如：
He came in while I was watching TV. 当我在看电视时，他进来了。
【拓展】
while; when与as的辨析：
（1）while强调动作同时进行，从句常用进行时，其动词必须为延续性动词或表状态。例如：
He was watching TV while she was cooking.
她做饭时，他在看电视。
（2）when既可指动作同时进行，也可指先后发生，从句中的动作既可是延续性动词，也可是非延续性动词。若是同时发生且为延续性动词，则可与while互换；若when作并列连词，表示“就在那时，这时候”则只能用when，并且when引导的从句只能放在后面。例如：
When the alien got out, the girl was shopping. = While the girl was shopping, the alien got out.
当外星人出来时，小女孩在购物。
We were watching TV when there was a knock at the door.
我们在看电视，这时有人敲门。
（3）as多指主句从句两动作同时发生，常翻译为“一边……一边……”。例如：
They talked as they walked. 他们边走边谈。
5. Bicycle riding is good exercise.
bicycle riding为动名词短语，在句子中做主语。动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如：
Swimming is good for our health. 游泳对我们的健康有益。
【拓展】
动名词和不定式都可以作主语，但在用法上有区别：
（1）不定式作主语通常表示一次性、未来的且具体的特指动作，而动名词作主语通常表示习惯性、经常性和不具体的泛指动作。例如：
Walking is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old.
步行对年轻人和老年人来说都是一种好的锻炼形式。
To carry the heavy box is not easy for the boy.
对这个男孩来说，搬这个箱子是不容易的。
（2）动名词作主语和不定式作主语有时可以互换。例如：
Playing with fire is dangerous. = To play with fire is dangerous. 玩火是危险的。
6. If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents.
if做连词，意为“如果”。本句是含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句，要注意：if 条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。遵循“主将从现”原则。另外，主句也可以用祈使句或含有情态动词的句子。例如：
We will go to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
Don’t wait for me if I am late.
如果我晚了就不要等我。
If you want to lose weight, you must eat less bread.
如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。
7. We should never ride too fast.
should作情态动词，意为“应当，应该”。表示义务、责任，可用于各种人称，无人称和数的变化，也不能单独作谓语，只能和动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态；否定形式为should not，缩写为shouldn’t。其主要用法有：
（1）表示责任和义务，意为“应该”。例如：
You should take your teacher’s advice.
你应该听从你老师的建议。
You shouldn’t be late for class.
你不应该上课迟到。
（2）表示推断，意为“可能，该”。例如：
The train should have already left.
火车可能已经离开了。
句式精练
I. 补全对话。
根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: Hello! May I speak to Rita?
B: This is Rita. 1. _________________________?
A: Hi, Rita. This is Candy. Would you like to go to Xian ping Park(咸平公园）tomorrow?
B: Great! I’d like to. What time shall we start?
A: 2. _________________________?
B: All right, 8 o’clock is fine. Oh, 3. _________________________?
A: It will be sunny. So please bring your sunglasses. By the way, do you have Jack’s telephone
number? He’ll go with us.
B: 4. _________________________. I’ll call him later. But where shall we meet together tomorrow?
A: At our school gate.
B: OK. 5. _________________________?
A: We can take NO. 2 bus to there.
B: See you tomorrow.
A: See you.
II. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. Why don’t you go to school earlier?(改为同义句)
____ ____ go to school earlier?
2. Get up early, or you will be late.(改为同义句)
____ ____ ____ get up early, you ____ be late.
3. Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.(改为同义句)
Shanghai is ____ ____ ____ in China.
4. The train ticket cost him ￥120. (对划线部分提问)
____ ____ ____ the train ticket ____ ____?
5. It often takes about 16 hours to go from Beijing to Shanghai by train. (对划线部分提问)
____ ____ ____ it often ____ to go from Beijing to Shanghai by train?
6. Tony doesn’t know which book he should choose. (改为同义句)
Tony doesn’t know which book ____ ____.
7. I would like to come to China for my vacation. (改为一般疑问句)
____ ____ like to come to China for ____ vacation.
8. It’s very hard to work out the math problem.(同义句)
_____ _____ _____ the math problem is very hard.
9. Tom gets a letter from his father every month. (改为同义句)
Tom ____ ____ his father every month.
10. Lucy will give a phone call to her friend. Lucy will get off the plane. (用as soon as合并为一
句)
Lucy will give a phone call to her friend ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____.
III. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
1. 你收到李伟的来信了吗？
Did you _______ ________ Li Wei?
2. 他们在盼望着游览北京。
They are _______ _______ _______ _______ Beijing.
3. 我想只有Peter能想出这些奇怪的主意。
I think only Peter can _______ ________ these strange ideas.
4. Jane 经常在星期天帮她妈妈打扫房间。
Jane often ______ her mother ______ the room.
5. Michael建议我们筹钱。
Michael ______ us ________ _______ _______.
6. 看！康康正在看电视而明明正忙着做作业。
Look！Kangkang TV while Mingming is busy his homework.
7. 你能帮我们做个参观长城的计划吗？
Would you help us to visit the Great Wall?
8. 我很高兴收到你的明信片。
I’m to your postcard.
9. 走路大约需要两个半小时。
It’s about ________ ________on foot.
10. 那个男孩看起来不同意妈妈的意见。
The boy seemed to his mother.
参考答案
I. 补全对话。
1. Who is that (speaking)?
2. What/How about 8 o’clock?
3. How will the weather be tomorrow?
4. Yes, I do.
5. How can we get there?
II. 句型转换, 每空一词。
1. Why not 2.If you don’t; will 3. the largest city 4.How much did; cost him
5. How long does; take 6. to choose 7. Would you; your 8. To work out
9. hears from 10. as soon as she gets off the plane
III. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
1.hear from 2.looking forward to visiting 3.think of 4.helps; clean
5.advised to raise money 6. is watching; doing 7. make a plan
8. glad/ happy; receive 9. two and a half hours / two hours and a half 10. disagree with
