上海市控江中学2018-2019学年高二第一学期英语10月阶段性测试

控江中学 2018-2019 学年高二第一学期
英语试卷
（考试时间 120 分钟；满分 140 分）
第 I卷
Part One
I.Cloze (30%)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,
C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and playing with others. However,
playing sports can have(1)______effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect
or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40,000,000 kids
play sports in the US. Of these, 18,000,000 say they have been(2)_______at or called names while
playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad(3)______of sports. They think sports are just
too aggressive.
Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main(4)______of
too much aggression ill children's sports. They believe children(5)______aggressive adult behavior.
This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and
coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave
aggressively themselves, sending children the message that(6)______is everything. Many parents
go to children's sporting events and shout(7)______ at other players or cheer when their child
behaves(8)______. As well, children arc even taught that hurting other players is(9)______ or are
pushed to continue playing even when they are injured(10)______, the media makes violence seem
exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on
television.
As a society, we really need to(11)______this problem and do something about it. Parents
and coaches(12)______ should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children
better(13)______. They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should
teach children to(14)______, themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be
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allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this
gives the message that(15)______ is not as important as winning.
1. A. restrictive B. negative C. active D. instructive
2. A. knocked B. glanced C. smiled D. shouted
3. A. impression B. concept C. taste D. expectation
4. A. resource B. cause C. course D. consequence
5. A. question B. understand C. copy D. neglect
6. A. winning B. practicing C. fun D. sport
7. A. praises B. orders C. remarks D. insults
8. A. proudly B. ambitiously C. aggressively D. bravely
9. A. acceptable B. impolite C. possible D. accessible
10. A. By contrast B. In addition C. As a result D.After all
11. A. look up to B. face up to C. make up for D. come up with
12. A. in particular B. in all C. in return D. in advance
13. A. techniques B. means C. values D. directions
14. A. respect B. relax C. forgive D. enjoy
15. A. body B. fame C. health D. spirit
Part Two
II. Grammar(11%)
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below , fill in each blank with the proper forms of the given
words to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.
Sports shoes that work out (16) their owner has enough exercise to warrant time in
front of the television have been devised in the UK.
The shoes — named Square Eyes — contain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer
chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. A wireless transmitter passes the
information to a receiver (17) (connect) to a television, and this decides how much
evening viewing time the wearer deserves, based on the day’s efforts.
The design was inspired by a desire to fight (18) the rapidly ballooning waistlines
among British teenagers, says Gillian Swan, (19) developed Square Eyes as a final year
design project at Brunel University to London, UK. “We looked at current issues and childhood
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overweight really stood out,” she says. “And I wanted to tackle that with my design.”
(20) a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television
automatically (21) (switch) off. And further time in front of the TV (22) only be
earned through more steps.
Swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily
amounts of (23) . Health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch
no more than two hours of television. So, every 100 steps recorded by the Square Eyes shoes
(24) (equal) precisely one minute of TV time.
Existing pedometers（计步器）normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count
of steps by measuring sudden movement. Swan says these can be easily tricked (25)
recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be (26) (hard) for lazy
teenagers to cheat. “It is possible, but it would be a lot of effort,” she says. “That was one of my
main design considerations.”
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be
used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. organizations B. physically C. adapted D. motivated E. potential
F. issued G. individuals H. critical I. participants J. typically K. involved
Youth sport has the (27) to accomplish three important objectives in children’s
development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be (28) active,
which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been
considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn
important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport
programs are (29) for the learning of motor skills(运动技能); these motor skills serve as a
foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport (30) . When coachers
develop activities for youth practices and when sport (31) design youth-sport programs,
they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.
Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate
practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of
participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. C?té (2002) defines
deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are
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regulated by flexible rules (32) from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children
or by an involved adult. Children (33) change rules to find a point where their game is
similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change
soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field
or in someone’s backyard). When (34) in deliberate play activities, children are less
concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with
the behavior (having fun).
On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through
involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice
activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are (35) by the goal of
improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in
deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the
most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when (36) are involved in
deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective
means available. For example, the backhand skill in tennis could be learned and improved over time
by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively
improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable.
Although the drills used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable,
they might be the most relevant to improving performance.
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the
one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
The 2012 London Olympics had enough problems to worry about. But one more has just been
added-a communications blackout caused by solar storms.
After a period of calm within the Sun, scientists have detected the signs of a fresh cycle of sunspots
that could peak in 2012, just in time for the arrival of the Olympic torch in London.
Now scientists believe that this peak could result in vast solar explosions that could throw
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billions of tons of charged matter towards the Earth, causing strong solar storms that could jam
the telecommunications satellites and Internet links sending five Olympic broadcast from London.
"The Sun's activity has a strong influence on the Earth. The Olympics could be in the middle of
the next solar maximum which could affect the functions of communications satellites," said
Professor Richard Harrison, head of space physics at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in
Oxfordshire.
At the peak of the cycle, violent outbursts called coronal mass ejections (日冕物质抛射) occur
in the Sun's atmosphere, throwing out great quantities of electrically-charged matter."A coronal
mass ejection can carry a billion tons of solar material into space at over a million kilometers per
hour. Such events can expose astronauts to a deadly amount, can disable satellites, cause power
failures on Earth and disturb communications," Professor Harrison added. The risk is greatest during
a solar maximum when there is the greatest number of sunspots.
Next week in America, NASA is scheduled to launch a satellite for monitoring solar activity
called the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), which will take images of the Sun that are 10 times
clearer than the most advanced televisions available.
The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory helped to make the high-tech cameras that will capture
images of the solar flares (太阳耀斑) and explosions as they occur.
Professor Richard Hold away, the lab's director, said that the SDO should be able to provide
early warning of a solar flare or explosion big enough to affect satellite communications on Earth
"If we have advance warning, we'll be able to reduce the damage. What you don't want is things
switching off for a week with no idea of what's caused the problem," he said.
37. The phrase "communications blackout" in Paragraph 1 most probably refers to________ during
the 2012 Olympics.
A. the extinguishing of the Olympic torch
B. the collapse of broadcasting systems
C. the transportation breakdown in London
D. the destruction of weather satellites
38. What can be inferred about the solar activity described in the passage?
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A. The most fatal matter from the coronal falls onto Earth.
B. The solar storm peak occurs in the middle of each cycle.
C. It takes several seconds for the charged matter to reach Earth.
D. The number of sunspots declines after coronal mass ejections.
39. According to the passage, NASA will launch a satellite to________.
A. take images of the solar system
B. provide early warning of thunderstorms
C. keep track of solar activities
D. improve the communications on Earth
40. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. Solar Storms: An Invisible Killer
B. Solar Storms: Earth Environment in Danger
C. Solar Storms: Threatenting the Human Race
D. Solar Storms: Human Activities to Be Troubled


(B)

Elixir
written by Eric Walters
Twelve-year-old Roth becomes a friend of Dr. Banting and his assistant, Mr. Best,who are in search of a cure for diabetes (糖尿病). She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.

George Washington Carver
written by Elizabeth Macleod
Meet the "Peanut specialist", George Washington Carver, the inventor and professor who made over 325 products out of peanuts. Through his agricultural research, he also greatly improved the lives of countless black farmers in the
southern Unite States. See also MacLeod's Albert Einstein: A life of Genius.
The Inuit Thought of it: Amazing Arctic Innovation
written by Alootook Ipellie and David MacDonald.
Explore more than 40 ideas necessary to Inuit survival. From ideas familiar to us today to inventive concepts that shaped their lives, celebrate the creativity
of a remarkably intelligent people. Also see other books: the Chinese thought of it by Tingxing Ye and A Native American Thought of it by Rocky Landon and David MacDonald.
Made in Canada:101 Amazing Achievements
written by Bev Spencer
What things do we use daily that have a Canadian connection? Here Are 101
common things that were invented in Canada or by a Canadian, including the
Blackberry, alkaline (碱) batteries the Blue Box recycling program.
Newton and the Time Machine
written by Michael McGowan
Ten-year-old boy Newton has invented a time machine to see Dinosaurs up close.
But it disappears on a test run with his two huge friends, King Herbert and Queen Gertrude, in it! Can he save them before time runs out?

41. Which of the following best describes Roth's feeling in Book 1?
A. Frightened. B. Curious.
C. Painful. D. Disappointed.
42. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Book 3 introduces 40 inventive concepts.
B. Animals are mentioned in Book 1 and Book 5.
C. Alkaline batteries were invented by Dr. Banting.
D. George Washington Carver was a black farmer in the US.
43. In Book 5, King Herbert and Queen Gertrude are _____.
A. Newton's human friends B. the names of the time machine
C. the inventions of the time machine D. two dinosaurs
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44. If you are interested in native Americans, you may read the book by _____.
A. Elizabeth Macleod B. Eric Walters
C. Rocky London & David MacDonald D. Bev Spencer
(C)
Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the
snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the
earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back
to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several
years of research around the world.
For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and
thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the
sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works
of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in
1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.
The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The
city of Brussels was covered in snowmen -- an impressive scene that told stories on every street
corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection
of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom.
At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.
If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some
explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich,
Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of
April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed
with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the
crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells
of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit.
When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over -- the quicker it is burnt down,
the longer summer is said to be.
45. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?
A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.
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B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.
C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.
D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.
46. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when______.
A. snowmen were made mainly by artists
B. snowmen enjoyed great popularity
C. snowmen were politically criticized
D. snowmen caused damaging floods
47. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes_______.
A. the start of the parade
B. the coming of a longer summer
C. the passing of the winter
D. the success of tradesmen
48. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?
A. They were appreciated in history
B. They have lost their value
C. They were related to movies
D. They vary in shape and size
V. Translation(15%)
49.去年以来，这种商品的价格保持不变。(remain)
50. 她在论文中不仅提到了这个现象，并且做出了深入分析。(refer, in addition)
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51. 尽管父亲告诉她拳击是男性运动，她还是在 11 岁时开始拳击训练。(despite)
52. 地铁的建造是为了满足周边居民的需求，到达那些原本无法抵达的地方。(response)
53. 如果你不确定是否当众示爱是禁忌，你可以请教当地人，以免不知不觉地侮辱和冒犯到
他们。(unsure)
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参考答案：
1-5 BDABC 6-10 ADCAB 11-15 BACDC
16.whether 17.connected 18.against 19.who 20.Once
21.switches 22.can 23.both 24.equals 25.into 26.harder
27-36 EBHIA CJKDG
37-48 BDACB CBDC CBBA
49. The price of this commodity has remained unchanged since last year
50. Not only did she refer to this phenomenon in her paper, but she made in-depth analysis in
addition
51. She started training boxing at the age of 11, despite the fact that her father told her that boxing
was a male sport.
52. The subway was built to make a response to the needs of surrounding residents and to reach
those places where they couldn’t reach before.
53. If you are unsure of whether showing affection in public is a taboo, you can ask local people to
help you avoid insulting and offending them unconsciously.
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