中考英语专题讲练——推理判断题

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一、?推理题简介
理解文章表面文字，依据文字信息，上下文逻辑关系及事物的发展变化，做出合理分析，判断和推理。?
二、推理题分类
1. 写作意图推理题
2. 态度推理题
3. 结论推理题
4. 出处推理题
三、常见提问方式
1. What is the main purpose (目的) in the third paragraph?
2. We can make a conclusion from paragraph X that _________.
3. What can we infer (推断)/learn from the passage?
4. The purpose in writing this text is to _________.
5. What’s the attitude (态度) of the author?
6. The writer wants to tell us that _________.
7. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
8. From the last sentence of Paragraph X we can infer that _________.
9. The passage is most likely taken from _________.
10. Where would this passage most probably appear?
四、解题技巧
1. 写作意图推理题
1). 段落写作意图: ?定位段落首句/末句；段落之前/之后的一句话；
2). 篇章写作意图：定位文章首段/末段；各段首句/末句；转折处及关键词；
3). 举例写作意图?：定位例子之前/之后的一句?话，通常这些部分是例子被用来说明的观点。
? 2. 态度推理题
1). 定位文章首末段的主旨句；
2). 注意表示作者强烈感彩的形容词、副词；
3). 注意作者提出的疑问句或举例方式，也可反映作者的态度。
? 3. 结论推理题
1). 定位关键词 (文章某一段落的首末句)，特别是含有may, might, but, however 的首末句，往往是推断的标准出处；
2). 通常可排除带绝对概念的选项，如all, only, must 等；正确选项通常含有委婉语气的词汇，如may, might, possibly, probably, etc.
3). 通常可排除和文章中句子完全相同的细节选项。
?? ?4. 出处推理题
1). 线索：文章首末段，各段首末句，关键词，段落大标题；
2). 常见文章出处：
报纸：前文会出现日期，地点或通讯社名称；内容一般为名人故事，体育赛事，生活等。
广告：文章常会出现价格，折扣，营业时间等。
说明书：器皿，设备使用说明通常包含产品名称和使用方式；药品服用说明会介绍服用时间，次数和药量等。?
五、选项的特点
1. 正确选项的特点
1). 含义比较丰富，具有一定的综合性和概括性；
? ? 2). 不会太绝对，有些留有余地的词汇：often, usually, sometimes, some, may, might, can, could, possibly, probably, etc.；
3). 正确选项有时反而与通过常识得到的结论相反，要留意。
2. 干扰选项的特点
1). 只是原文简单复述， 而非推断出的结论；
2).?推论与原文事实部分相同，部分相悖；
3).?根据常识判断正确，然而不是在文章事实或上下文逻辑基础上推理出的结论；
4).?以文章事实或上下文逻辑为依据，但推理过度，概括过度；
5).?部分选项内容纯属胡编乱造。?
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一、考点：
推理题主要考查学生在理解全文或者段落的基础上运用逻辑思维，对文章信息进行分析、判断、推理的能力。通常包括词义句意、写作意图、作者态度、结论、出处五种推理形式。其总体难度：较难。分值比重：在中考阅读理解试题中所占比例为10%-20%。
二、补充点：
推理判断试题属于深层阅读理解题。它要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上，严格按照作者提供的信息推断出作者的言外之意。这种题目有一定难度，解答时必须根据上下文及相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等文外之意加以推理。解此类题目可从以下几方面入手：
1. 根据常识判断。即解题时，除弄清文意外，还需借助生活常识、风土人情、传说掌故、名人轶事等进行判断。??
2. 根据知识判断。即解题时，运用一些一般性知识，如天文、地理、文学、艺术、科技等自然科学和社会科学知识。??
3. 根据计算判断。即解题时，运用一些数学知识进行和差、面积、体积、速度等方面的运算。??
4. 根据情节判断。即解题时，从情节所提供的基本事实出发，寻找一定规律，如时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据。这种题目最容易出现，考生要从时间、地点、事件的情节安排与发展中，深入探讨其逻辑关系及隐喻、引申等因素。?
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题模一：写作意图推理题
例1.1.1 Have you ever wondered what goes through your mind when you choose where to sit in a new classroom? …. (首段)
Move out of your comfort zone. Go and sit next to someone different. …Start a conversation. That’s how we make friends. That’s how we learn about people. That’s how we open our minds to new ideas. That’s how we live an exciting life. (末段)
1. What is the purpose of the passage?
A． To tell us just to be ourselves in social life.
B． To introduce ways to learn about the world.
C． To explain how people communicate with others.
D． To encourage us to meet people of different kinds.
例1.1.2 a new belief has arisen: the idea that personality is related to one’s ABO blood type. People with blood type A, for example, are considered more likely to be serious, hard-working, and quiet, while people with blood type O are likely to be popular and outgoing, yet often unable to finish what they start.
1. The writer uses blood type A．and O as an example to explain _________.
A． the difference between to two blood types
B． the relationship between the two blood types
C． the connection between personality and blood type
D． the influence of blood type on one’s behavior
题模二：态度推理题
例1.2.1 … Also new systems of transportation can be expensive. “But it’s coming,” he says. “The trend of the empowered city will be here soon.”
Golden especially believes in the future of electric cars that have sensors (传感器) to understand the world around them. …
Golden remains positive about the future. (末段)
1. What is Golden’s attitude to the future of the transportation?
A． Hopeful
B． Worried
C． Uncertain
D． Careful
题模三：结论推理题
例1.3.1 According to James, this obsession with getting top marks has been a bad development, which encourages people to think of education in terms of work and money. …
… Creating happy citizens who have good social skills is seen as more important than high achievements at school or the needs of business.
… And he is looking for schools where students are encouraged to find and follow their own interests…
… and inspiration does not come from endlessly revising for tests or getting worried about them .
1. The writer wants to tell us that _________.
A． learning happily is the key to self-development.
B． top marks may be helpful to increase one’s interest.
C． tests should be improved to give children inspiration.
D． education should meet one’s needs for word and money.
例1.3.2 The right name is important in the business world….(首段)
… Many companies spend a lot of money to find the right name for their products…. The Ford Mustang and the Jaguar are only two examples of choosing the names of animals that are fast and strong. (P2)
… Finding the right brand name is a big business…. (P3)
… These companies can charge (要价) up to $100,000 a word for their creations. But it’s worth it. Successful companies know how important the right brand names are for their development….. (末段)
1. What can we learn from the passage?
A． Many companies care about the cost of finding the right names
B． Creative trade names can help companies to have a larger sale
C． The government often does business with naming companies
D． It is considered necessary for cars to be names after animals
题模四：出处推理题
例1.4.1 Free soft drink
Buy any meal for at least 6 yuan at Mike’s cafe and receive a free soft drink. We serve the best hamburgers and snacks in the mall. Come in and try our delicious meals and our excellent service. Free soft drink offer ends on November12.
Buy one, get one free
Buy one shirt at LOTTE Mart’s Menswear(男士专柜), and get another shirt of the same value free. You can choose any tie here, then we will give you another one at no cost. Hurry! Offer ends on November
10% Off
Show this ticket at Xinhua Bookstore to get a 10% discount on any book you buy. We have lots of books to choose from, including children’s books, novels, travel guides and hobbies. You are sure to find something that you’ll enjoy. Shop now for Christmas.
6 Hour’s Free Parking
If you spend 100 yuan or more in RT-Mart, you will receive six hours of free parking. When you have spent 100 yuan or more, just take this ticket that you pay for your goods to the service desk. They will stamp(盖章) your parking ticket to allow 6 hours of free parking.
1. The information above is probably takes from _________.
A． a sport report
B． a story book
C． an advertisement poster
D． a fashion magazine
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随练1.1 Chen Guangbiao was born in Jiangsu in July,1968. He is the chairperson of a company in Jiangsu. Now he is one of China’s richest men and he has donated a great amount of money to charity projects. He says he will donate everything he has to charity after he dies.
When people are in need of help, he will appear at once. He helped people during the Wenchuan earthquake, the Yunnan earthquake and the Taiwan earthquake. He also gave a helping hand in Japan’s earthquake. He has built many Hope Primary Schools to support the education in poor areas.
He doesn’t do charity for honor. He wants to encourage more people to make contributions to charity. After announcing he would donate everything to charity after his death, many businesses, overseas(海外)Chinese people and common people encouraged by him have also promised to do something for charity.
As a philanthropist(慈善家),he is asked for help every day. Sometimes he gets very tired, but he has never stopped caring.
So far, he has received a lot of awards, including Pioneer of the Year, and National May Day Labour Medal(全国五一劳动奖章).He is considered as one of china’s top philanthropists.
1. The article is probably taken from _________.
A．a newspaper
B．a novel
C．a detective story
D．a science book
2. He says he will donate _________ to charity after he dies.
A．nothing
B．some schools
C．everything he has
D．his whole company
3. What does he do charity for?
A．He wants to do charity for money.
B．He wants to do charity for pleasure.
C．He wants to ask people to help him.
D．He wants to encourage more people to contribute to charity.
4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．He is from Jiangsu.
B．He has visited many countries.
C．He has helped people in need.
D．He has got a lot of awards.
5. Which do you think is the best title for the passage?
A．Earthquakes.
B．Hope Primary Schools.
C．Pioneer of the Year.
D．Philanthropist Chen Guangbiao
随练1.2 Water is a limited natural resource that must be protected; it is limited in many places. Even if you live in an area with enough rainfall, using water uses energy to process (加工) it. Here are some tips on saving water at home.
Install a water meter(安装水表).
You might be very surprised to find out how much water you are actually using. By installing a water meter you can raise your attention so that you will reduce your water use.
Many water meters have a small wheel that turns quite rapidly if any water at all is running. If you are sure all your water is turned off and you see this wheel moving at all, you have a leak (漏水).
Take shorter showers.
Take showers rather than baths. By taking a bath you are using up to 100 liters of water! Showering will generally use less than a third of this amount.
Catch the cold water that comes out of the tap or shower while you are waiting for the hot water.
Use it to water plants or pour into your toilet reservoir.
Turn the tap off while you are brushing your teeth, shaving, washing your hands, doing dishes, and so on.
Turn the tap off when you shower, too. Get wet, then turn off the water while you soap up. Turn it back on for long enough to wash. Look for a twist vale that is installed behind your shower head to keep the water temperature where you set it while the water is off.
Wash full loads.
Wait until you have a full load of clothes before you wash a load. Don’t wash a pair of pants just because you want to wear the same pair of pants the next day! When washing your clothes, be sure to use the economy mode and this will save you both water and electricity!
1. If you install a water meter, you can _________.
A．keep the water running
B．stop the water running
C．save both water and electricity
D．raise attention to use less water
2. By taking a shower you can save about _________water.
A．30 liters
B．60 liters
C．100 liters
D．300 liters
3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．You have a leak if the wheel of the water meter is moving.
B．You should wait to have as many clothes as possible before washing.
C．When showering, you should soap up while the water keeps running.
D．You are encouraged to use more water in the area with enough rainfall.
4. The writer writes this passage to_________.
A．explain to us how valuable water is
B．tell us the ways of using water at home
C．ask us to do what he says in the passage
D．give us some advice on saving water at home
随练1.3 选择性阅读D篇
Most kids hate doing housework. However, not all hope is lost. There are some things that you can do to get your kids to help you clean your house. If you are struggling with the chores (家务杂事) and need your kids to help you, take a look at some of the creative ways in this article.
If you are dealing with older kids, you may want to try the allowance deal. You can give your kids a list of chores that need to be done each week. If they complete these chores, you can give them some money. You can also break the list down and tell them they will get so much for each chore that is finished. Older kids, who like to do things on weekends or buy things like video games, will work hard to complete their chores and earn their money. This is also teaching them duty. This is teaching them that they must work for what they want.
If you are dealing with younger kids, you may want to go with the rewards chart (奖励图表). This is where you design a chart and list their chores on the chart. For each chore they complete, you can put a red flower beside it. For the rewards, you also can do a number of things like going to the park, going out to eat, buying a DVD or something similar. The rewards would be up to you because you know what your kids like.
For real small kids, you can turn it into a game. When kids were much younger, you can teach them to dance around and sing as you cleaned. The kids loved it and would do a wonderful job at picking up their toys. So, consider turning cleaning into a game for the real small kids.
(1)52. What does the underlined word “allowance” in Paragraph Two mean?
A. Good words given by parents.
B. Business that needs studying.
C. Explanation of responsibility.
D. Small change given by parents.
(2)53. The older kids must be made to know .
A. that doing everyday housework is their duty
B. what they want can be realized by working
C. they can get a little money without working
D. all the work given them must be done at a time
(3)54. You draw a sign on the chart to praise .
A. the younger kids
B. the older children
C. the really small kids
D. the hard-working kids
(4)55. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Most/ kids hate doing housework to get money.
B. All the kids like doing housework on weekends.
C. Parents decide what kind of reward their kids need.
D. The younger kids needn’t be given any rewards.
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作业1 New Technology Revolutionizes(变革) Learning
More and more people believe that technologies are great for learning. Today, such teaching tools as iPads are used in a lot of courses, including language, history and science.
Many teachers are supporters of using iPads in language learning. They say that students now have much more time for discussion in the classroom. Instead of spending valu able class time listening to texts or watching teaching videos, students can do this on their own and come to class prepared for discussion.
The teachers also say that iPads allow students to learn at their own pace. Some students might listen to a dialogue only once and understand it, so they can save time for doing other things. Other students, however, might need to listen to the same dialogue again and again to understand it. Using iPads is especially helpful to students who are learning a language at different paces.
The students who are using the new tool in some courses are also happy. They believe that using iPads is a more enjoyable way to learn (such as listening to stories and watching movies). The class has become much more interesting and creative.
There are other advantages for students. By using iPads, they can pay more attention to the material and learn more. Teaching notes are stored in their iPads and are easy to find .Some students spend more time studying now. “I can listen to my language material or watch teaching videos on the bus, instead of having to wait until I get home,” a student explained.
Many adults complain that technologies such as iPads are doing harm to students. They worry that students might use iPads to download teaching notes and use them to cheat during exams. Some believe that iPads may separate students from each other. If a student spends more time watching videos on an iPad, he will have fewer opportunities to have face-to-face communication with others.
However, technologies are already a part of most students’ day-to-day lives. As for cheating, teachers can ask students to hand in their iPads when they take exams. Education needs to make changes with the times as technology is playing an important part. We should look forward to a wonderful future when iPads and other technologies can add a lot to the classroom.
1. What does the expre ssion “at their own pace” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．According to their own timetable.
B．Without their teachers’ help.
C．Because of their wonderful goals.
D．Against their parents’ hope.
2. From the passage we can learn that _________.
A．students with iPads have less discussion in class
B．students get more fun from learning with iPads
C．iPads help students save time waiting for buses
D．iPads prevent students from cheating in exams
3. The writer probably agrees that _________.
A．teachers can take control of students’ learning
B．exam results depend a lot on now technology
C．technology in education has a bright future
D．note-taking is as helpful as video-watching
作业2 选择性阅读C篇
The most interesting thing to see in Malaysia is the ever-increasing number of festivals held around the /country. Made up of traditional cultural celebrations, religious (宗教的) holidays and modern sporting or cultural events, Malaysia’s festivals mean there’s always a party to be found.
More traditional events, such as World Kite Festival, the Magic of the Night and the Lantern Festival—to name just a few—all appear in many calendars around the nation. Traditional religious celebrations, such as Chinese New Year and Christmas, are also popular in Malaysia and are celebrated across different cultures and backgrounds.
The greatest event of the year’s calendar for any food lover will be the Malaysia Gourmet Festival, held throughout chosen hotels in the capital city of Kuala Lumpur.
One of the most popular of these new additions is the Malaysia Year End Sale, which runs from November through to early January. All around the nation there’re cheaper sales.
When it comes to the celebrations, Malaysians are some of the most generous (慷慨的) people in the world. During many of the year’s important events, Malaysians will open their homes to friends, families and strangers (including tourists) in a tradition known as “Rumah Terbuka” or “Open House”. Attending an Open House is a great opportunity to join the Malaysian, make friends and enjoy delicious local food. The government or local groups will also sometimes offer an Open House in a larger place, such as a big hall. Everyone is welcome to take part in such events, which have helped create a positive (积极的) air.
2015 has been decided to be the Year of Festivals in Malaysia—so there’s never been a better time to visit Malaysia than now. Just turn the page to see some of the important events taking place over the next 12 months. And for more information on traveling to Malaysia, please visit www.tourism.gov.my.
(1)48. What kind of festival is World Kite Festival in Malaysia?
A. A traditional event.
B. A religious holiday.
C. A sporting event.
D. A cultural celebration.
(2)49. Which of the following is the greatest event for food lovers?
A. The Lantern Festival.
B. The Malaysia Year End Sale.
C. The Magic of the Night.
D. The Malaysia Gourmet Festival.
(3)50. The underlined part “Open House” in the passage means “______”.
A. leaving one’s room door open
B. keeping a shop open day and night
C. letting visitors stay at one’s home
D. offering visitors free hotel rooms
(4)51. What is the writer’s purpose in the passage?
A. To encourage us to visit Malaysia.
B. To report some interesting festivals.
C. To share his own experience.
D. To introduce a foreign country.
作业3 选择性阅读D篇
Does your teen spend all of his or her free time playing video games, talking on the phone or going out with friends that don’t really meet with your agreement? Is your son or daughter always asking you for money? Perhaps it’s time to tell your teen to get a job. You might disagree by asking “But he’s still in school and if he gets a job, his schoolwork might suffer.”
Does he have a cell phone or want one? Are you going to buy it? Are you going to pay the monthly phone bill? If you are, that’s your choice, but it might not be the best way to teach your teen responsibility. Helping kids out on the path to adulthood is teaching them to be independent, but buying them whatever they want and paying the bills for them is the first step in creating a dependent adult. This process is often referred to as enabling. You might ask, “Enabling them to do what?” The answer is enabling them to depend on others throughout their lives rather than themselves. Teaching them to be self-supporting is the best choice.
Parents may argue that it is their responsibility to support their children, and it is true that as parents it is our responsibility to meet the needs of our children until they reach legal（法定的）age，but part of responsible parenting is teaching our children to be responsible and self-supporting as they move into adulthood. When teens get their own jobs，it gives them a sense of success. They are making their own money, which allows them to buy such as cell phones and pay the bill on their own rather than depending on their parents. Allowing them to pay their own bills also gives them a chance to get to know the world of adulthood.
All too often, teens only see that being an adult can drive and drink. But they fail to see that being an adult means working, paying bills, saving money and managing costs responsibly. When your teen gets a job, you should encourage him or her to open a savings account in a bank at first, which can help your teen to spend money wisely. Believe it or not, it really does make a difference to them when they’re spending their own money rather than yours.
(1)52. The purpose of the first paragraph is ________.
A. to point out a serious problem
B. to complain about careless parents
C. to raise the topic by asking questions
D.to tell what kids are prefer to do
(2)53. In the second paragraph, the underlined word “it” means ________.
A. teaching your teen to be independent
B. meeting the needs of your teen
C. buying a cell phone for your teen
D. paying your teen’s phone bill
(3)54. From the passage, we can learn ____________.
A. buying teens whatever they want can create independent adults
B. when teens get their own jobs, they still ask their parents for money
C. teens understand being adult means managing everything responsibly
D. teens can get to know the adult world by spending their own money
(4)55. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Helping teens to find good jobs
B. Stepping into your teens world
C. Improving the relationship with your teens
D. Training teens to be independent and responsible
作业4 选择性阅读C篇
It was a Sunday and the heavy storm had lasted all night. The morning after the storm, though, was beautiful: blue skies, warm air and a calm, inviting sea.
My father realized it was a good day for fishing and invited my sister and me to go with him. I was only 14 and fishing had never been my thing, but I decided to go all the same. I’m so glad I did.
Being on the boat, we found there was something meters away. When moving nearer, we saw it was a mother whale with her baby. We couldn’t believe it — there aren’t any whales along the coast. The storm must have driven them there, where the sea water was so dirty that nothing could live in it.
The little baby whale — actually as big as our boat — was stuck and could not move. The mother went down into the water and came up suddenly, making big waves. “She’s trying to help her baby, but on the wrong side,” my father said. At this point, my father moved our boat to the other side and, heading the boat towards the baby whale, pushed it gently. With our several gentle pushes the baby whale turned over and disappeared under water. Then it swam up right beside its mum. They made great efforts to swim towards the deep sea but failed and started heading in the wrong direction. We hurried up to the whales and tried to lead them to the sea. Slowly, they let us lead them, sometimes rising from the water right beside us to breathe — and to give us a trusting look with those huge eyes. Once they hit their first part of clean water from the sea, the mum gave us a wave with her tail and off they swam into the deep sea.
In the excitement it had felt like only a few minutes, but we had been with those wonderful animals for almost an hour and a half. That was the simple and lasting beauty of the day. Today, I still look back to that golden day at sea.
(1)54. The story happened on a ________ day.
A. rainy
B. stormy
C. sunny
D. cloudy
(2)55. In Paragraph 2, the writer says “I’m so glad I did.” because ________.
A. he knew where he could see whales
B. he liked fishing in the sea very much
C. he experienced how the whales were saved
D. he spent the whole weekend with his family
(3)56. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. The mother whale was as big as the boat.
B. The mother whale trusted the writer’s father.
C. The mother whale asked the writer’s family for help.
D. The mother whale led her baby to the sea successfully.
(4)57. By telling the story, the writer wants to tell us that ________.
A. saving lives makes people happy
B. it’s a good experience to go fishing
C. we should live with animals happily
D. keeping sea water clean is import/ant
答案解析
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题模一：写作意图推理题
例1.1.1
【答案】D
【解析】 考查推理题。首段引出话题；末段点明写作意图。A项与文章观点相悖，B&C项转移了主题，扩大范围。由首段和末段可以推断出写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们去结交不同种类的朋友。故选D。
例1.1.2
【答案】C
【解析】 考查推理题。由for example前面的一句话the idea that personality is related to one’s ABO blood type.可以推断出举A型和O型血的例子是为了解释性格和血型之间的联系。A&B项无中生有，D项偷换概念personality-behavior。故选C。
题模二：态度推理题
例1.2.1
【答案】A
【解析】 考查推理题。由 “But it’s coming”和Golden especially believes in…，以及末段Golden remains positive about the future.可以推断出态度是充满希望和信心的。故选A。
题模三：结论推理题
例1.3.1
【答案】A
【解析】 考查推理题。B项并未提及，由inspiration does not come from endlessly revising for tests or getting worried about them可知C项以偏概全，由this obsession with getting top marks has been a bad development, which encourages people to think of education in terms of work and money.可知D项观点错误。故选A。
例1.3.2
【答案】B
【解析】 考查推理题。A项与原文… spend a lot of money to…不符，C项纯属编造，D项的信息比较原文中…only two examples of choosing the names of animals…可知属于过分推理。再由首段和末段可以推断出故选B。
题模四：出处推理题
例1.4.1
【答案】C
【解析】 考查推理题。由Free soft drink, Buy one, get one free, 10% Off, 6 Hour’s Free Parking，四小段信息可以推断出出自广告海报。故选C。
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随练1.1
【答案】 ACDBD
【解析】 本文主要谈论了慈善家陈光标的有关情况。
1. 推理题。本文主要谈论慈善家陈光标的有关情况，所以有可能本篇文章出现在报纸上，故选A。
2. 细节题。由第一段最后一句He says he will donate everything he has to charity after he dies.所表示的含义为陈光标说他死过之后将把他所拥有的一切捐给慈善机构可知，故选C。
3. 细节题。由第三段第二句He wants to encourage more people to make contributions to charity.表达的意思为他想鼓励更多的人们为慈善机构做贡献可知，故选D。
4. 细节题。本文中没有提到陈光标参观了许多国家，故选B。
5. 主旨题。本文主要谈论了慈善家陈光标的有关情况，故选D。
随练1.2
【答案】 DBBD
【解析】 本文主要讲的是水资源是有限的，列举了几种在家节约用水的建议。
1. 细节题。根据第一段最后Here are some tips on saving water at home及第二段Install a water meter(安装水表)可知，故选D。
2. 细节题。根据第六段By taking a bath you are using up to 100 liters of water! Showering will generally use less than a third of this amount计算可知，故选B。
3. 细节题。根据最后一段Wait until you have a full load of clothes before you wash a load. Don’t wash a pair of pants just because you want to wear the same pair of pants the next day!可知，故选B。
4. 推理题。根据第一段最后一句Here are some tips on saving water at home可知，故选D。
随练1.3
【答案】 DBAC
【解析】
(1)52. 词汇题，根据第二段you may want to try the allowance deal. You can give your kids a list of chores that need to be done each week. If they complete these chores, you can give them some money与选项D中的change(零花钱)同义替换，故选项D正确。
(2)53. 细节题，根据第二段最后一句This is teaching them that they must work for what they want可知希望让他们知道“通过奋斗与工作才能得到自己想要的东西”，故选项B what they want can be realized by working 完全符合题意，故选项B正确。
(3)54. 细节题，根据第三段If you are dealing with younger kids, you may want to go with the rewards chart (奖励图表)可知选项A正确。
(4)55. 推理题，根据文章句首the creative ways及二三四段the allowance deal，the rewards chart及turn it into a game可知父母需要知道用不同的方法奖励孩子帮自己干家务，故选项C正确。
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作业1
【答案】 ABC
【解析】 本文主要讲了iPads在教学中的优点和缺点以及前景。
1. 猜词题。由第三段Some students might listen to a dialogue only once and understand it… Other students, however, might need to listen to the same dialogue again and again to understand it. Using iPads is especially helpful to students who are learning a language at different paces.可猜测词意。故选A。
2. 推理题。由第四段第一句The students who are using the new tool in some courses are also happy.可推理。故选B。
3. 推理题。由文章最后一段Education needs to make changes with the times as technology is playing an important part. We should look forward to a wonderful future when iPads and other technologies can add a lot to the classroom.可推断知。故选C。
作业2
【答案】 ADCA
【解析】
(1)48. 细节题，根据第一段More traditional events, such as World Kite Festival可知属于传统节日，故选项A正确。
(2)49. 细节题，根据第二段句首The greatest event of the year’s calendar for any food lover will be the Malaysia Gourmet Festival可知选项D正确。
(3)50. 词汇题，根据第四段Malaysians will open their homes to friends, families and strangers (including tourists) in a tradition known as “Rumah Terbuka” or “Open House”中关键信息open their homes可知与选项C同义转换，故选项C正确。
(4)51. 推理题，根据句首及最后一句And for more information on traveling to Malaysia, please visit www.tourism.gov.my可知主语是希望我们去马来西亚旅游，故选项A正确。
作业3
【答案】 CDBD
【解析】
(1)52. 推理题，通过第一段出现的疑问句可知是通过疑问的方式提出文章的主题与话题，故选项小C符合题意。
(2)53. 词汇题，通过第二段Are you going to pay the monthly phone bill可知与选项D paying your teen’s phone bill符合。
(3)54. 推理题，通过最后一段But they fail to see that being an adult means working, paying bills, saving money and managing costs responsibly. When your teen gets a job, you should encourage him or her to open a savings account in a bank at first, which can help your teen to spend money wisely. Believe it or not, it really does make a difference to them when they’re spending their own money rather than yours可知有很多的孩子等到工作的时候还是向父母亲要钱，故选项B正确。
(4)55. 主旨题，根据第三题及文章第二段最后一句Teaching them to be self-supporting is the best choice可知选项D符合题意。
作业4
【答案】 CCBA
【解析】 这是一篇记叙文，描述一个孩子与父亲一起解救鲸鱼的童年记忆。
(1)54. 细节题。由It was a Sunday可知。
(2)55. 推断题，可根据文章主线来解答。此题的关键在于询问I’m so glad I did的原因，而不是简单的句意猜测，审题时定要抓住because，否则，就会感到做题无所适从。
(3)56. 细节题+推断题。由the mum gave us a wave with her tail and off they swam into the deep sea.可知。
(4)57. 主题判断题。通过对全文内容的分析和对最后一段的仔细品味可以得出作者从这次拯救鲸鱼的经历中获得的幸福感。因此选A项。