英语五大句子基本结构（19张PPT）

课件19张PPT。英语句法语法系列 一.英语句子的基本成分有8种：　　主语 (subject) 谓语 (predicate) 宾语 (object)
定语 (attribute) 状语 (adverbial) 补语 (complement)
表语 (predicative)
同位语(Appositive)主语 ＋ 不及物动词
She came．/ My head aches.
主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋ 宾语
She likes English.
主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 主语补语
She is happy．
主语 ＋ 双宾动词 ＋ 间接宾语 ＋ 直接宾语
She gave John a book．
She bought a book for me.
主语 ＋ 宾补动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语
She makes her mother angry．
The teacher asked me to read the passage.
There +be
There lies a book on the desk.简单句基本句型实例简单句的基本词序主语 动词部分 宾语 状语
（谓语） 方式 地点 时间
I bought a hat yesterday.
The children ran home.
The taxi driver shouted at me angrily.
We ate our meal in silence.
The car stopped suddenly.
A young girl walked confidently in the room.
They drove him away in a police car.基本句型实例1. SV (主语 ＋ 不及物动词)
She came.
My head aches.
The baby is crying.基本句型实例2. SVC (主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 表语)
She is happy．
He is a student.基本句型实例3. SVO (主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋ 宾语)
She likes English.
She bought a skirt.基本句型实例4. SVoO (主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语)
She gave John a book．
She bought a book for me.基本句型实例5. SVOC (主语＋动词＋ 宾语＋宾语补语)
She makes her mother angry．
We believed him honest.
The teacher asked me to read the passage.基本句型实例6. SVA (主语 ＋ 动词＋ 状语)
They live in Los Angeles.
7. SVOA (主语+ 动词 + 宾语 + 状语)
He put the coin in his mouth.附属成份基本成份的修饰语，可以是：
定语：即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句
状语：即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句。　
句子成分随堂练习
找出下列各句中所包含的句子成分Last week I went to the supermarket.
　Last week I went to the supermarket.
　　 状　 　主　 谓　　　　 　　　状
The play was very interesting.
　The play was very interesting.
主　　　　　 系　　状　　　　　表
I can’t hear a word.
　I can’t hear a word.
　 主　　　谓　　　　　 　宾
They were talking loudly.
　They were talking loudly.
　 主　 　　　　谓　 　　　　　 状It was Sunday.
　It was Sunday.
　 主　 系　　　 表
I get up early on Sundays.
　I get up early on Sundays.
　 主　　　谓　　　　状　　　　　　状
I looked at the young man and the young woman angrily.
　I looked at the young man and the
　 主　　　谓　　　　　 　　　　　　宾
young woman angrily.
　　 　宾　　　　　　　 　状I read a few lines,but I didn’t understand a word.
　I read a few lines,but I didn’t
　 主　 谓　　　 定　　 　宾　 　连 主　　谓
understand a word.
　　　 谓　　　　　　 　宾
My holidays passed quickly,but I didn’t send cards to my friends.
　My holidays passed quickly,but I
　　　　 主　　　　　　　谓　　　　　状　　 　连　主
didn’t send cards to my friends.
　　　　谓　　　 　　宾　　　　　 　状I got up early and bought thirty cards.
　I got up early and bought thirty cards.
　 主　　谓　　 　状　　 　连　　　 谓　　 　　定　　　 宾
He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.
　He is working for a big firm and he has
　　主　 　　　谓　　　　　 　　　状　　　　 　　连　　主　　谓
already visited a great number of different
　 　状　　　　　谓　　　　　 　　　　定　　　 　　　　　定
places in Australia.
　　宾　　　　　　 定He has just bought a car and has gone to Alice Springs,a small town in the centre of Australia.
　　He has just bought a car and
主　　谓　　 状 　　　谓 　　　　宾　　　连
has gone to Alice Springs,a small town
　　　谓　　　　　　　　　状　　　　　　　　　　　同位语
in the centre of Australia.
　　　　　　　　　定He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.
　He calls at every house in the street
　 主　 　　谓　　　　　　　 宾　　　　　　　 　　定
once a month and always asks for
　　　　　状　　　　　　 连　　 　状　　　　 　谓
a meal and a glass of beer.
　　　　　　　　　 宾The End See You Later