中考英语专题复习：主谓一致 课件（18张PPT）

课件18张PPT。一致主 谓主谓一致三原则一、语法一致原则
二、意义一致原则
三、就近一致原则壹 语法一致原则指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，
谓语也用单数；主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。eg: His father is a doctor.
They are students.
We love our motherland.
⑴ 由and或both…and….连接的并列主语
如果该并列主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或事物，谓语动词用复数，若指同一个人或物，则谓语动词用单数。
eg：Both Lucy and Lily are students.
A worker and writer is going to gave us a talk.
一个工人兼作家
⑵用one、everyone、each one、any one、each、 either、neither等+of+名词复数做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
eg：Every one of the students is studying hard.
Neither of the girls is pretty.
⑶ 不定代词either、neither、the other、another、someone、
somebody、something等在句子中作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
eg：Is there anything wrong with your bike?
Everyone is ready for the sports meeting?
There is something wrong the my bike.

⑷不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
eg：Reading is learning.
To see is to believe.
⑸ 主语后面跟有with, along with, except, besides, but, as well as,
together with, including, rather than等词或短语，谓语动词的
数应与主语保持一致。 就远原则

eg：The boy together with her parents goes to the museum
once a week.
All the students, including Tom, are going to the park.
⑹由 “some of, plenty of, a lot of, most of, the rest of, all of,
half of, 分数或百分数+of+名词”等作主语时，谓语动词常与of
后面的名词保持数的一致。
eg：Two thirds of the work was finished by me.
Most of the computers bought from Beijing.
⑺ “a pair/a kind/a series….+of +名词复数” 作主语时，谓语动词用
单数；“pairs/kinds…+of+名词复数”做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
eg：A kind of birds has been discovered by them.
Fifteen pairs of shoes are made each day.

⑻某些只有复数形式的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

eg：My glasses were broken.
pants shoes shorts trousers gloves clothes
梦の家
贰 意
义
一
致
主谓一致中的意义一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。主语形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为复数，谓语动词应采取复数形式。主语形式虽为复数，但在意义上视为单数，谓语动词应采取单数形式。
eg: Twenty dollars is too dear.
My family are watching TV.
⑴主语为集体名词，若表示集体概念谓语动词用单数 , 若表示集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式。team, class, group, company,
eg：My family is a small one with three people.
My family all like classical music.
⑵有些集合名词，形式上是单数，意义上表示复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；有些名词news, physics等，形式上是复数，而意义上表示单数，因此谓语动词用单数形式。
police,people人们 peoples 民族
eg：The police are looking for the missing child.
Physics is very interesting. We all like it.
⑶表示价格、时间、长度等的复数名词、词组作主语时，一般看成一个整体，谓语常用单数。

eg: Three years is a long time.
⑷ “the+形容词”作主语若表示一类人，谓语用复数；若表示一种抽象概念或品质，谓语用单数。the young / old/ rich/ poor

eg：The rich are not always happy.
The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.
the + 姓氏 The blacks enjoy working in China.
弎 就近原则
就近一致原则也叫邻近原则，是指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于靠近它的主语。
eg: Either he or she is wrong.
Both he and I are wrong.
不是 就是 要么 要么
⑴. 由either…or…., neither…nor, not only…but also…, not…but等连接两个主语时，其谓语的单复数需与较近的主语保持一致。

eg: Neither her sisters nor Mary / is going to the party
tomorrow. Mary nor her sisters are going to
Not only my parents but also I am looking forward
meeting my uncle.
⑵ There be ….和Here be …两个句式中的动词be常与最近的主语在数
上保持一致。
There (引导词)+be(谓语)+主语+状语

eg：There are three apples and a banana in Tom’s bag.
There is an apple and a banana in Tom's bag.
There is a table with three legs in Tom’s room. 谢 谢！Thanks!