第六讲 八年级上Units 1-3
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wonder v. →________(adj.)
decide v. →_________(n. )
active adj. →________ (n.)
build (v. ) →________ (n. )
die (v. )→ _______ (现在分词）→________(n.)
win (v. )→________ (n. )
quiet (adj. ) →_______ (adv.) →________ (反义词）
compete→_______竞争者；参赛者
care→(adj.) ___________ →_______(adv.)→_______( 形容词的反义词）
little→_____(比较级）→_______(比较级的反义词）→______(最高级）→_______(最高级的反义词）
true →______(adv.)→____(n.)
talented →_______(n.)
bore →______(adj.)厌倦的→_______ (adj.)令人厌烦的
enjoy→_______ (adj.)令人愉快的
different →_________(n.)
break→_______(过去式）→______ (过去分词）
information →_______(v.)
hungry→________(n.)
laugh→________(n.) 笑声
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你买了什么特别的东西吗？
Did you buy________________?
我和我姐姐尝试了滑翔伞运动。
My sister and I_______________ .
3 一天的差异是多么大呀！
_________________a day makes !
4 “周末你通常做什么？”“我经常去看电影。”
---- ______________ on weedends ?
---- I often _______________
5.“你多久上一次钢琴课？”“每周两次，星期三和星期五”。
----___________ do you have piano lessons ?
----__________ , on Wednesday and Friday .
你每天晚上睡几个小时？
_____________________every night ?
关于我们看电视的问题的回答也很有趣。
_____________________about watching television were also interesting .
蒂娜比塔拉更外内。
Tina is _______________Tara .
9 塔拉和蒂娜一样努力学习。
Tina works___________ Tina .
10 好朋友逗我哈哈大笑。
A good friend _________________
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考点1 seem v.
考向1：归纳seem的用法
主语+seem+(to be) +表语（n.adj.)
Tom seems (to be ) a very clever boy .
汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。
主语+seem+to do
Mrs Green seems to like the idea.
格林夫人似乎喜欢这个主意。
It seems +that 从句
It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. 看来没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。
There +seems (to be ) +名词（seem的单复数根据名词而定）
There seems no need to go now .
看来，现在没有去的必要了。
考向2：seem与介词like 连用，表示“似乎 看来好像”。
eg : It seems like a good idea at that time.
当时这主说明书好像不错。
◆考点突破
[2017·湖北] ______ seems that everything will be fine .
A There B. That C. This D. It
考点2 decide v.
eg : She decided to take some after-school classes.
她决定去上一些课外班。
考向1：decide 过去式decided ,常考查decide to do sth . 的用法，含义为“决定做某事”。其否定形式为decide not to do sth “决定不做某事”。
eg : I decided to go to Beijing this weekend . 我决定这周末去北京 。
考向2：
拓展一： decision n. 决定
eg : I made a decision just now. 我刚刚作出了决定。
拓展二：decide to do 的同义短语为：make a decision to do sth make up one’s mind to do
eg : I made up my mind to tell him about it . 我决定告诉他那件事。
◆考点突破
2 （2017，四川）He is too heavy . He has decided _____ some exercise to keep healthy .
A to take B. not to take C. take
3 （2018，四川南充）They have made a _______(决定) to build a big factory here.
考点3 try v.
考向1：try的动词原形
原形
第三人称单数
现在分词
过去式
过去分词
try
tries
trying
tried
tried
考向2：try to do 含义为“尽量做”; 而try doing 意为“尝试做”。
I tried gardening but didn’t succeed. 我试着种植花木，但未成功。
考向3：try one’s best to do意思为“尽某人最大努力去做”.
eg : In a word , we must try out best to do the job .
总之，我们必须尽我们最大努力去做这项工作。
eg : Try this new dress on ; it’s beautiful .
试穿一下这件新连衣裙，它很漂亮。
◆考点突破
4 （2018，广东）----I didn’t hear you come in just now.
---- That’s good . We tried _____ any noise , for you were sleeping .
A not make B. not to make C. to make D. making
5 (2017,浙江）Many children are left alone in the countryside . Let’s try our best _____ them .
A help B. helping C. to help D. helps .
6 （2017，呼和浩特）----The shoes are very nice . I’ll take them .
----You’d better _____ first . I’m afraid the size is a bit small for you .
A pay for them B. take them off C. put them on D. try them on
考点4 because conj.
考向1：because 用来回答由why引导的特殊疑问句。
考向2：because 不可以和连词so同时出现在一个句子中，使用时，二者只能选其一。
eg : Because he works hard , he gets good grades in final exams .
因为他学习刻苦，所以在期末考试中取得了好成绩。
考向3：辨析because , because of
because
+句子
We can’t go to the park because it is raining heavily . 因为正下大雨，所以我们不能去公园。
because of
+名词（词组）
Because of the heavy rain , we can’t go to the park . 因为大雨的原因，我们不能去公园。
◆考点突破
7 （2017，山东）Scientists say that banana trees may disappear(消失）from the world _____ banana cancer .
A because of B. instead of C. as for D. together with
考点5 enough. adv. &adj.可以作状语和定语
考向1：形容词+?enough+（for sb) to do sth
eg : He is old enough to go to school 他年龄足够大可以去上学了。
The room is big enough for them to live in .
那个房间足够大，他们可以住进去。
考向2：名词+enough+to do sth= enough +名词+to do sth
eg : Ted has enough time to travel around the world . =Ted has time enough to travel around 特德有足够的时间去环游世界。
考向3： enough....to与too ...to , so...that的同义句转化
eg : He is not enough to take care of himself .
= He is too young to take care of himself
= He is so young that he can’t take care of himself .
他太小不能照顾自己。
◆考点突破
8 (2018,广西）This movie wasn’t ______ . He fell asleep halfway through it .
A interesting enough B. enough interesting
C interested enough D. enough interested
9 (2018,浙江）She’s not strong enough _____ walking up mountains .
A to go B. going C. go D. went
考点6 mind n. & v.
考向1 ： mind可作名词，意为“头脑；主意”
eg : change one’s mind 改变主意
考向2：mind作动词，用法如下：
mind sth . sb doing sth 介意某事某人做某事
eg : Do you mind opening the door ? 你介意打开门吗？
考向3：句型 Would Do you mind (one’s) doing sth ?
意为“你介意（某人）做某事吗？”， 其回答有：
Of course not . Not at all. Certainly not (不介意）
I’m sorry , but ... You’d better not (委婉地表示介意）
eg: ----Do you mind my opening the window?我打开窗户，你介意吗/
----Of course not . 当然不介意 。
考向4 ： Never mind 没关系。
◆考点突破
10 (2017,贵州）----Would you mind my opening the window ?
---- ______ It’s much too hot here.
A Certainly B. Of course not . C. All right D. Yes, you can
11 (2017,福州）----Nick , would you mind _____ out of the bathroom ?
----Sorry , I won’t be long .
A come B. to come C. coming .
考点7： such adj. such as
考向1： 辨析so与such
用法
结构
例句
so
so修饰形容词与副词，常与that构成so...that...,so还可以与many , much连用，形成固定搭配，so many +可数名词复数，so much +不可数名词。
so+adj.+a(an)+n.(可数名词单数）
It is so interesting a book 它是一本如此有趣的书。
such
Such修饰名词或名词词组，既可接可数名词，也可以接不可数名词，常与that构成such...that..如此...以至于
such + a (an)+adj.+n.(可数名词单数），such+adj.+n.(可数名词复数或不可数名词）
It is such an interesting book. 它是一本如此有趣的书。
考向2 ： 若名词前有many , much , little , few 等表示数量多少的词修饰时，前面用so , 不用such, 若little 不表示数量，而表示“小的”时，其前则可用such .
eg : I don’t believe such little animals can eat so many insects.
我不相信这么小的动物能吃这么多的昆虫。
考向3：such as
eg : Sweet foods such as chocolate can make you fat .
像巧克力之类的甜食能使你变胖。
◆考点突破
12 我去过许多城市，比如北京、上海和广州。
I have been to many cities, _______ Beijing , Shanghai and Guangzhou.
考点8 win v.
现在分词为winning , 过去式和过去分词均为won .
eg : Which team won ?哪个队赢了？
考向： 辨析win 与beat
win
意为“赢，获胜”，通常跟game , war, match, prize 等名词，即win sth .
beat
意为“打败；胜过”，后跟表示与之比赛、战斗的人或代表群体的名词，即beat sth .
eg : They won the game yesterday .
他们昨天赢了那场比赛。
The LA Lakers beat the Houston Rockets .
洛杉矶湖人队打败了休斯敦火箭队。
◆考点突破
13 （2018，石家庄）We have best players . I’m sure out team will _____ the football game .
A fail B. beat C. lose D. win
14 （2017，浙江）Jenny , you should practice as often as you can _____ the piano competition .
A fail B. to fail C. win D. to win
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◆复合不定代词
构成：由some-,any-,every-,no-加上-one, -body, -thing 构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。具体见下表：
-one
-body
-thing
some-
someone
somebody
something
any-
anyone
anybody
anything
every-
eveyone
everybody
everything
no-
no one
nobody
nothing
2 用法：
复合不定代词相当于名词，在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语，但不能作定语。
There is someone outside the door. 门外有人。
I don’t have anything to say today . 我今天没什么可说的。
复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式等修饰时，形容词和动词不定式等应置于其后。
I have something important to tell you . 我有重要的事情要告诉你。
Do you want anything to drink ?你想喝点什么吗？
There is nothing wrong with the radio ?这个收音机没有毛病。
复合不定代词表示单数概念，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Everything begins to grow in spring . 春天万物开始生长。
Someone is waiting for you at the door . 有人在门口等待。
some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。但在表示请求、建议，反问等的疑问句中，问话者希望得到肯定答复时，常用含有some-的不定代词，如something , somebody, someone 等。
Will you ask someone to carry the box for me ?
你找人替我扛这箱子好吗？
Would you like something to eat ?你想要些吃的东西吗？
（5）anyone, anything 也可用在肯定句中，表示“任何人，任何事
◆考点突破
1.(2018,济南）----Have you read today’s newspaper ?
----Yes, but there isn’t ______.
A new something B. something new C. new anything D. anything new
2 (2018,山东）A smile costs ______ , but gives so much .
A something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
◆一般过去时的规则动词与不规则动词
英语中的动词按过去式的构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式由语尾加-ed构成，而不规则动词的变化因词而异。
规则动词过去式的构成和发音：
一般的动词
直接加-ed
watch- watched
help-helped work-worked
以字母e结尾的规则动词
只加-ed
love-loved live-lived arrive-arrived
读音规则注意：清辅音后读/t/;浊辅音和元音
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词
变y为i , 再加-ed
study-studied cry-cried worry-worried
后读/d/;辅音/t/与/d/后读/Id/
重读闭音节结尾的动词末尾只有一个辅音字母
先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed
shop-shopped stop-stopped
2 不规则动词的过去式的变化各异，需要特殊记忆，每个不规则动词的变换形式，都必须牢记。不规则动词的过去式变化没有统一的规则，但并非一点规律也没有，下面我们就介绍一部分动词过去式和动词原则一样。
动词的过去式与动词原型一样。
let-let put-put read -read cut -cut
遇见i改为a.
swim-swam sing-sang begin-began sit-sat give -gave drink -drank
(3 )过去式以ought和aught结尾的单词。
bring-brought buy-bought think-thought catch-caught teach-taught
(4 ) 中间去e末尾加t.
feel-felt keep-kept sleep -slept sweep-swept meet -met feed -fed
(5 ) 把i 变为o.
ride- rode drive-drove write -wrote
( 6 ) ow/aw变为ew
know-knew grow-grew throw-threw draw-drew
( 7 ) 以d结尾的词，把d变成t.
build - built lend- lent send -sent spend-spent
◆考点突破
3 (2017,天津）I have been to Shanghai . I ______ there last month .
A go B. went C. have gone D will go
4 （2018，浙江）Tony _____ football every weekend when he was young .
A plays B. played C. is playing D has played
◆频度副词
频度副词的含义
表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。常用的频度副词按频率发生的高低依次为always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>hardly ever>never
John always comes late. 约翰总是迟到。
He hardly ever exercises . 他几乎从不锻炼。
表示具体的频率、次数时，一次用once , 两次用twice , 三次及以上用“基数词+times”
I play soccer twice a week . 我一周踢两次足球。
She watches TV four times a week 她一周看四次电视。
频度副词在句中的位置
频度副词一般放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词或情态动词之后。
We never eat junk food . 我们从不吃垃圾食品。
Lucy is sometimes very busy. 露西有时很忙。
I can hardly say a word.我几乎说不出一句话来。
（2 ）有些频度副词也可位于句首，但表示不同的含义。
sometimes 常用于句首，和位于句中区别不大。
often用于句首，通常表示强调，且其前一般有quite,very修饰。
usually 有时也用于句首，其前不用修饰语。
always一般不用于句首，但可用于祈使句中。
3 对频度副词提问时，用how often .
----How often do you exercise?你多久锻炼一次？
----Hardly ever 几平从不。
◆考点突破
5 （2018，重庆）Helen was so excited at the news that she could _____say a word.
A ever B. almost C. hardly D. always.
6 (2018,山东）Though they are far away from school , the children who live in mountains _____ go to school on foot .
A ever B. always C. never D. hardly ever
◆形容词和副词的比较级
形容词、副词的比较级的含义
大多数形容词或副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。其中比较级表示“更...”，用于两者（人或事物）之间的比较，说明“前者比后者更...”.
2 形容词、副词的比较级的构成
规则变化
①单音节和部分双音节的形容词或副词一般在词尾加-er。
calm→calmer smart→smarter fast→faster high→higher
②以不发音的字母e结尾的词，直接加-r
nice→nicer fine→finer wide→wider
③ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，把y变为i,再加-er
early→earlier happy→happier easy-easier
④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写该辅音字母，再加-er. big→bigger thin→thinner hot →hotter
⑤多音节和部分双音节形容词或副词在原级前加more .
outgoing →more outgoing popular→more popular difficultly →more difficultly
⑥由“形容词+后缀-ing/ed”构成的形容词，在该词前加more构成比较级。 interesting→more interesting bored→more bored
⑦由“形容词+后缀-ly”构成的副词，在该副词前加more构成比较级。 slowly→more slowly happily→more happoly
不规则变化
部分不规则形容词或副词的比较级：
good/well→better bad/ill/badly→worse many/much→more little→less far→farther/further old→older/elder
3 比较级的常用句型结构
“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+乙”或“甲+实义动词+副词比较级+than+乙”意为“甲比乙....”
Tom is taller then Kate . 汤姆比凯特高。
I got up earlier than my mother this morning . 今天早晨我起床比我妈妈还早。
“甲+be+（倍数）+形容词比较级+than+乙”或“甲+实义动词+（倍数）+副词比较级+than+乙”意为“甲比乙...几倍”。
“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two +...”意为“甲是两者中较...的”
Look at the two boys . My brother is the taller of the two .
看那两个男孩，我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。
“比较级+and+比较级”或more and more +原级（多音节或部分双音节词）”意为“越来越....”.
He is getting taller and taller他变得越来越高了。
The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。
“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越...,越...”
The more careful you are , the fewer mistakes you’ll make .
你越认真，犯的错误越少。
疑问词+be+形容词比较级，甲or 乙？
Which is bigger ,the earth or the moon ? 哪一个更大，地球还是月球？
疑问词+实义动词+副词比较级，甲or乙？
Who draws better , Jenny or Danny ?谁画得比较好，珍妮还是丹尼？
常见的修饰形容词比较级的前置词
much/a lot/far+形容词比较级，意为 “....得多”。
He’s feeling a lot better today . 他今天感觉好多了。
a bit / a little +形容词比较级，意为“稍微.....”
Can you come to school a little earlier tomorrow ?明天你能早点到校吗？
even+形容词比较级，意为“甚至....”
This book is even more useful than that . 这本书甚至比那本更有用。
◆考点突破
7 （2018，济南）Tony is not as clever as Lucy , but he works _____ than her . A hard B. harder C. hardest D the hardest
/
一、选择题
1. ----Do you have _____ to say for yourself ?
---- No, I have ______ to say .
A something ; everything B. nothing ; something
C everything ; anything D. anything ; nothing
----Would you like _____ to eat ?
---- Thanks, please .
A something B. anything C. some things D. any things
Paul and I _____ tennis yesterday . He did much better than I .
A play B. will play C. played D. are playing
----What did Mr. Smith do before he came to China ?
---- He _____ in a car factory .
A worked B. works C. is working D. will work
He went into his room and _____ to work .
A begins B. began C. beginning D. to begin
I don’t want to go to the museum ; it’s too ___ .
A relaxing B. boring C. bored D. beautiful
On weekends , I have nothing to do but _____ TV.
A watches B. to watch C. watching D. watch
I didn’t go to the mountains ______ the bad weather .
A so B. because of C. because D. but
Today is Children’s Day . There are _____ people in Happy Valley .
A too many B. too much C. much too D. many too
10 ----- _____ go out for a picnic next Saturday ?
---- Good idea .
A Why not B. How about C. Would you like D. Let’s
11 Western people _____ use Mr. or Mrs. Before their given names .
A always B. often C sometimes D. never
12 ----Ms. Lin is very popular among the students.
---- Yes. Her classes are _____ lively and interesting .
A always B. sometimes C. hardly D. never
We _____ play sports on school days . You know , we don’t have enough time.
A often B. usually C. hardly D. ever
----I don’t know you take a bus to school .
----Oh, I _____ take a bus , but it is snowing today .
A hardly B. never C. sometimes D. usually
15 ----How often do you go shoppin g?
---- _____ ever . I don’t like shopping at all .
AUsually B. Never C. Hardly D. Always.
16 Tina often eats junk food , _____ she knows it’s bad for her health .
A although B. so C. so D. or
You can improve your English _____ reading more .
A in B. with C. by D. of
----_____ do you visit your grandparents ?
---- Three or four times a month .
----How many hours do they exercise every day ? ---- _____ .
A Twice a day B. Two C. Once D. Often
20 Please drink some milk . It’s good _____ your health .
A to B. for C. at D. with
21 ----Time is money .
---- But I think time is _____ money .
A as important as B. more important as
C the most important in D. more important than
----What do you think of Tom’s speech ?
---- No one does ______ in our class .
A good B. better C. well D. best
23 The more you smile , the _____ you will feel .
A happy B. happier C. happily D. mre happily
24 Who is _____ , Tom or Jim ?
A outgoing B. more heavy C. thinner D. hard-working
25 Jack runs as ______ as Sam .
A faster B. fast C. more fast D. fastly
26 She is not good at _____ a bike .
A ride B. to ride C. riding D. rides
Lily’s book is _____ nicer than yours .
A very B. quite C. much D. too
Just search the Internet , and you can get almost all the _____ you need .
A informations B. information C. picture D. story
Tom is quieter than Jim , ______?
A is he B. does he C. isn’t he D. doesn’t he
30 He has two daughters; they _____ doctors.
A both are B. are both C. are all D. all are .
第六讲 八年级上Units 1-3
/
wonder v. →wonderful (adj.)
decide v. →decision (n. )
active adj. → activity (n.)
build (v. ) →building (n. )
die (v. )→ dying (现在分词）→death (n.)
win (v. )→ winner (n. )
quiet (adj. ) →quietly (adv.) →noisy (反义词）
compete→competition (n.)竞赛；比赛→（n.)competitor竞争者；参赛者
care→(adj.) careful →carefully(adv.)→careless( 形容词的反义词）
little→less(比较级）→more(比较级的反义词）→least (最高级）→most(最高级的反义词）
true → truely(adv.)→truth (n.)
talented →talent(n.)
bore →bored (adj.)厌倦的→boring (adj.)令人厌烦的
enjoy→enjoyable (adj.)令人愉快的
different →difference (n.)
break→broke(过去式）→broken (过去分词）
information →inform(v.)
hungry→hunger(n.)
laugh→laughter(n.) 笑声
/
你买了什么特别的东西吗？
Did you buy anything special ?
我和我姐姐尝试了滑翔伞运动。
My sister and I tried paragliding .
3 一天的差异是多么大呀！
What a difference a day makes !
4 “周末你通常做什么？”“我经常去看电影。”
---- What do they do on weedends ?
---- I often go to the movies .
5.“你多久上一次钢琴课？”“每周两次，星期三和星期五”。
----How often do you have piano lessons ?
---- Twice a week , on Wednesday and Friday .
你每天晚上睡几个小时？
How many hours do you sleep every night ?
关于我们看电视的问题的回答也很有趣。
The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting .
蒂娜比塔拉更外内。
Tina is more outgoing than Tara .
9 塔拉和蒂娜一样努力学习。
Tina works as hard as Tina .
10 好朋友逗我哈哈大笑。
A good friend makes me laugh .
/
考点1 seem v.
考向1：归纳seem的用法
主语+seem+(to be) +表语（n.adj.)
Tom seems (to be ) a very clever boy .
汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。
主语+seem+to do
Mrs Green seems to like the idea.
格林夫人似乎喜欢这个主意。
It seems +that 从句
It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. 看来没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。
There +seems (to be ) +名词（seem的单复数根据名词而定）
There seems no need to go now .
看来，现在没有去的必要了。
考向2：seem与介词like 连用，表示“似乎 看来好像”。
eg : It seems like a good idea at that time.
当时这主说明书好像不错。
◆考点突破
[2017·湖北] ______ seems that everything will be fine .
A There B. That C. This D. It
【答案】D
【解析】 此题考查seem的用法，It seems +that 从句表示“似乎....”.
考点2 decide v.
eg : She decided to take some after-school classes.
她决定去上一些课外班。
考向1：decide 过去式decided ,常考查decide to do sth . 的用法，含义为“决定做某事”。其否定形式为decide not to do sth “决定不做某事”。
eg : I decided to go to Beijing this weekend . 我决定这周末去北京 。
考向2：
拓展一： decision n. 决定
eg : I made a decision just now. 我刚刚作出了决定。
拓展二：decide to do 的同义短语为：make a decision to do sth make up one’s mind to do
eg : I made up my mind to tell him about it . 我决定告诉他那件事。
◆考点突破
2 （2017，四川）He is too heavy . He has decided _____ some exercise to keep healthy .
A to take B. not to take C. take
【答案】A
【解析】 此题采用固定搭配法，decide to do sth . 决定做某事
3 （2018，四川南充）They have made a _______(决定) to build a big factory here.
【答案】decision
【解析】make a decision 作决定。
考点3 try v.
考向1：try的动词原形
原形
第三人称单数
现在分词
过去式
过去分词
try
tries
trying
tried
tried
考向2：try to do 含义为“尽量做”; 而try doing 意为“尝试做”。
I tried gardening but didn’t succeed. 我试着种植花木，但未成功。
考向3：try one’s best to do意思为“尽某人最大努力去做”.
eg : In a word , we must try out best to do the job .
总之，我们必须尽我们最大努力去做这项工作。
eg : Try this new dress on ; it’s beautiful .
试穿一下这件新连衣裙，它很漂亮。
◆考点突破
4 （2018，广东）----I didn’t hear you come in just now.
---- That’s good . We tried _____ any noise , for you were sleeping .
A not make B. not to make C. to make D. making
【答案】B
【解析】 此题采用固定搭配法，try to do “尽量做....”，其否定形式为try not to do .
5 (2017,浙江）Many children are left alone in the countryside . Let’s try our best _____ them .
A help B. helping C. to help D. helps .
【答案】C
【解析】try one’s best to do sth . 尽某人最大努力做某事。
6 （2017，呼和浩特）----The shoes are very nice . I’ll take them .
----You’d better _____ first . I’m afraid the size is a bit small for you .
A pay for them B. take them off C. put them on D. try them on
【答案】D
【解析】try on 为固定短语“试穿”
考点4 because conj.
考向1：because 用来回答由why引导的特殊疑问句。
考向2：because 不可以和连词so同时出现在一个句子中，使用时，二者只能选其一。
eg : Because he works hard , he gets good grades in final exams .
因为他学习刻苦，所以在期末考试中取得了好成绩。
考向3：辨析because , because of
because
+句子
We can’t go to the park because it is raining heavily . 因为正下大雨，所以我们不能去公园。
because of
+名词（词组）
Because of the heavy rain , we can’t go to the park . 因为大雨的原因，我们不能去公园。
◆考点突破
7 （2017，山东）Scientists say that banana trees may disappear(消失）from the world _____ banana cancer .
A because of B. instead of C. as for D. together with
【答案】A
【解析】 句意：科学家说由于香蕉瘤的原因，香蕉树可能会从世界上消失。A 因为， 由于 B代替；C 和....一起。
考点5 enough. adv. &adj.可以作状语和定语
考向1：形容词+?enough+（for sb) to do sth
eg : He is old enough to go to school 他年龄足够大可以去上学了。
The room is big enough for them to live in .
那个房间足够大，他们可以住进去。
考向2：名词+enough+to do sth= enough +名词+to do sth
eg : Ted has enough time to travel around the world . =Ted has time enough to travel around 特德有足够的时间去环游世界。
考向3： enough....to与too ...to , so...that的同义句转化
eg : He is not enough to take care of himself .
= He is too young to take care of himself
= He is so young that he can’t take care of himself .
他太小不能照顾自己。
◆考点突破
8 (2018,广西）This movie wasn’t ______ . He fell asleep halfway through it .
A interesting enough B. enough interesting
C interested enough D. enough interested
【答案】A
【解析】enough 修饰形容词或副词时，要放在被修饰的词的后面。Interested,感兴趣的，主语为人；interesting 有趣的，主语为物；本句的主语是This movie .
9 (2018,浙江）She’s not strong enough _____ walking up mountains .
A to go B. going C. go D. went
【答案】A
考点6 mind n. & v.
考向1 ： mind可作名词，意为“头脑；主意”
eg : change one’s mind 改变主意
考向2：mind作动词，用法如下：
mind sth . sb doing sth 介意某事某人做某事
eg : Do you mind opening the door ? 你介意打开门吗？
考向3：句型 Would Do you mind (one’s) doing sth ?
意为“你介意（某人）做某事吗？”， 其回答有：
Of course not . Not at all. Certainly not (不介意）
I’m sorry , but ... You’d better not (委婉地表示介意）
eg: ----Do you mind my opening the window?我打开窗户，你介意吗/
----Of course not . 当然不介意 。
考向4 ： Never mind 没关系。
◆考点突破
10 (2017,贵州）----Would you mind my opening the window ?
---- ______ It’s much too hot here.
A Certainly B. Of course not . C. All right D. Yes, you can
【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际，由后一句答语It’s much too hot here 知，不介意，用of course not.
11 (2017,福州）----Nick , would you mind _____ out of the bathroom ?
----Sorry , I won’t be long .
A come B. to come C. coming .
【答案】C
【解析】mind 后边必须跟动词的-ing形式。
考点7： such adj. such as
考向1： 辨析so与such
用法
结构
例句
so
so修饰形容词与副词，常与that构成so...that...,so还可以与many , much连用，形成固定搭配，so many +可数名词复数，so much +不可数名词。
so+adj.+a(an)+n.(可数名词单数）
It is so interesting a book 它是一本如此有趣的书。
such
Such修饰名词或名词词组，既可接可数名词，也可以接不可数名词，常与that构成such...that..如此...以至于
such + a (an)+adj.+n.(可数名词单数），such+adj.+n.(可数名词复数或不可数名词）
It is such an interesting book. 它是一本如此有趣的书。
考向2 ： 若名词前有many , much , little , few 等表示数量多少的词修饰时，前面用so , 不用such, 若little 不表示数量，而表示“小的”时，其前则可用such .
eg : I don’t believe such little animals can eat so many insects.
我不相信这么小的动物能吃这么多的昆虫。
考向3：such as
eg : Sweet foods such as chocolate can make you fat .
像巧克力之类的甜食能使你变胖。
◆考点突破
12 我去过许多城市，比如北京、上海和广州。
I have been to many cities, _______ Beijing , Shanghai and Guangzhou.
【答案】such as
【解析】此处such as 表列举多个例子。
考点8 win v.
现在分词为winning , 过去式和过去分词均为won .
eg : Which team won ?哪个队赢了？
考向： 辨析win 与beat
win
意为“赢，获胜”，通常跟game , war, match, prize 等名词，即win sth .
beat
意为“打败；胜过”，后跟表示与之比赛、战斗的人或代表群体的名词，即beat sth .
eg : They won the game yesterday .
他们昨天赢了那场比赛。
The LA Lakers beat the Houston Rockets .
洛杉矶湖人队打败了休斯敦火箭队。
◆考点突破
13 （2018，石家庄）We have best players . I’m sure out team will _____ the football game .
A fail B. beat C. lose D. win
【答案】D
【解析】此题采用词义辨析法。由语境可知是赢不是败。beat 后加比赛的人，win后通常加game , war , match , prize 等。
14 （2017，浙江）Jenny , you should practice as often as you can _____ the piano competition .
A fail B. to fail C. win D. to win
【答案】D
【解析】此处考查不定式作目的状语。win后常加war , prize , competition等名词。fail 常与test , exam 等与考试相关的词连用， 且在本题中不符合语境。
/
◆复合不定代词
构成：由some-,any-,every-,no-加上-one, -body, -thing 构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。具体见下表：
-one
-body
-thing
some-
someone
somebody
something
any-
anyone
anybody
anything
every-
eveyone
everybody
everything
no-
no one
nobody
nothing
2 用法：
复合不定代词相当于名词，在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语，但不能作定语。
There is someone outside the door. 门外有人。
I don’t have anything to say today . 我今天没什么可说的。
复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式等修饰时，形容词和动词不定式等应置于其后。
I have something important to tell you . 我有重要的事情要告诉你。
Do you want anything to drink ?你想喝点什么吗？
There is nothing wrong with the radio ?这个收音机没有毛病。
复合不定代词表示单数概念，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Everything begins to grow in spring . 春天万物开始生长。
Someone is waiting for you at the door . 有人在门口等待。
some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。但在表示请求、建议，反问等的疑问句中，问话者希望得到肯定答复时，常用含有some-的不定代词，如something , somebody, someone 等。
Will you ask someone to carry the box for me ?
你找人替我扛这箱子好吗？
Would you like something to eat ?你想要些吃的东西吗？
（5）anyone, anything 也可用在肯定句中，表示“任何人，任何事
◆考点突破
1.(2018,济南）----Have you read today’s newspaper ?
----Yes, but there isn’t ______.
A new something B. something new C. new anything D. anything new
【答案】D
【解析】something, anything 均为不定代词，形容词修饰不定代词时需后置，故排除A、CG两项;something通常用于肯定句中，anything 通常用于否定句或疑问句中，由答语中的isn’t可知此句为否定句，故用anything .
2 (2018,山东）A smile costs ______ , but gives so much .
A something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
【答案】C
【解析】something “某物”；anything “任何东西”；nothing“没有东西”；everything “一切东西”。由句意“一个微笑不花费任何东西，但给予许多。”知C项符合题意。
◆一般过去时的规则动词与不规则动词
英语中的动词按过去式的构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式由语尾加-ed构成，而不规则动词的变化因词而异。
规则动词过去式的构成和发音：
一般的动词
直接加-ed
watch- watched
help-helped work-worked
以字母e结尾的规则动词
只加-ed
love-loved live-lived arrive-arrived
读音规则注意：清辅音后读/t/;浊辅音和元音
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词
变y为i , 再加-ed
study-studied cry-cried worry-worried
后读/d/;辅音/t/与/d/后读/Id/
重读闭音节结尾的动词末尾只有一个辅音字母
先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed
shop-shopped stop-stopped
2 不规则动词的过去式的变化各异，需要特殊记忆，每个不规则动词的变换形式，都必须牢记。不规则动词的过去式变化没有统一的规则，但并非一点规律也没有，下面我们就介绍一部分动词过去式和动词原则一样。
动词的过去式与动词原型一样。
let-let put-put read -read cut -cut
遇见i改为a.
swim-swam sing-sang begin-began sit-sat give -gave drink -drank
(3 )过去式以ought和aught结尾的单词。
bring-brought buy-bought think-thought catch-caught teach-taught
(4 ) 中间去e末尾加t.
feel-felt keep-kept sleep -slept sweep-swept meet -met feed -fed
(5 ) 把i 变为o.
ride- rode drive-drove write -wrote
( 6 ) ow/aw变为ew
know-knew grow-grew throw-threw draw-drew
( 7 ) 以d结尾的词，把d变成t.
build - built lend- lent send -sent spend-spent
◆考点突破
3 (2017,天津）I have been to Shanghai . I ______ there last month .
A go B. went C. have gone D will go
【答案】B
【解析】由后一句中的时间状语last month可知应用一般过去时，谓语动词go的过去式不went .
4 （2018，浙江）Tony _____ football every weekend when he was young .
A plays B. played C. is playing D has played
【答案】B
【解析】句意：托尼小时候每周都踢足球。由时间状语“When he was young”可知应用一般过去时表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作或行为，故选B。
◆频度副词
频度副词的含义
表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。常用的频度副词按频率发生的高低依次为always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>hardly ever>never
John always comes late. 约翰总是迟到。
He hardly ever exercises . 他几乎从不锻炼。
表示具体的频率、次数时，一次用once , 两次用twice , 三次及以上用“基数词+times”
I play soccer twice a week . 我一周踢两次足球。
She watches TV four times a week 她一周看四次电视。
频度副词在句中的位置
频度副词一般放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词或情态动词之后。
We never eat junk food . 我们从不吃垃圾食品。
Lucy is sometimes very busy. 露西有时很忙。
I can hardly say a word.我几乎说不出一句话来。
（2 ）有些频度副词也可位于句首，但表示不同的含义。
sometimes 常用于句首，和位于句中区别不大。
often用于句首，通常表示强调，且其前一般有quite,very修饰。
usually 有时也用于句首，其前不用修饰语。
always一般不用于句首，但可用于祈使句中。
3 对频度副词提问时，用how often .
----How often do you exercise?你多久锻炼一次？
----Hardly ever 几平从不。
◆考点突破
5 （2018，重庆）Helen was so excited at the news that she could _____say a word.
A ever B. almost C. hardly D. always.
【答案】C
【解析】ever意为“曾经”；almost意为“几乎”; hardly 意为“几乎不”；always 意为“总是，一直”。句意：海伦听到这个消息后如此兴奋，以至于几平说一出话来.
6 (2018,山东）Though they are far away from school , the children who live in mountains _____ go to school on foot .
A ever B. always C. never D. hardly ever
【答案】B
【解析】句意：尽管他们远离学校，但是住在山上的孩子们总是步行上学。ever 意为“曾经”；always意为“总是”；never 意为“从不”；hardlu ever 意为“几乎不”故选B。
◆形容词和副词的比较级
形容词、副词的比较级的含义
大多数形容词或副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。其中比较级表示“更...”，用于两者（人或事物）之间的比较，说明“前者比后者更...”.
2 形容词、副词的比较级的构成
规则变化
①单音节和部分双音节的形容词或副词一般在词尾加-er。
calm→calmer smart→smarter fast→faster high→higher
②以不发音的字母e结尾的词，直接加-r
nice→nicer fine→finer wide→wider
③ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，把y变为i,再加-er
early→earlier happy→happier easy-easier
④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写该辅音字母，再加-er. big→bigger thin→thinner hot →hotter
⑤多音节和部分双音节形容词或副词在原级前加more .
outgoing →more outgoing popular→more popular difficultly →more difficultly
⑥由“形容词+后缀-ing/ed”构成的形容词，在该词前加more构成比较级。 interesting→more interesting bored→more bored
⑦由“形容词+后缀-ly”构成的副词，在该副词前加more构成比较级。 slowly→more slowly happily→more happoly
不规则变化
部分不规则形容词或副词的比较级：
good/well→better bad/ill/badly→worse many/much→more little→less far→farther/further old→older/elder
3 比较级的常用句型结构
“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+乙”或“甲+实义动词+副词比较级+than+乙”意为“甲比乙....”
Tom is taller then Kate . 汤姆比凯特高。
I got up earlier than my mother this morning . 今天早晨我起床比我妈妈还早。
“甲+be+（倍数）+形容词比较级+than+乙”或“甲+实义动词+（倍数）+副词比较级+than+乙”意为“甲比乙...几倍”。
“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two +...”意为“甲是两者中较...的”
Look at the two boys . My brother is the taller of the two .
看那两个男孩，我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。
“比较级+and+比较级”或more and more +原级（多音节或部分双音节词）”意为“越来越....”.
He is getting taller and taller他变得越来越高了。
The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。
“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越...,越...”
The more careful you are , the fewer mistakes you’ll make .
你越认真，犯的错误越少。
疑问词+be+形容词比较级，甲or 乙？
Which is bigger ,the earth or the moon ? 哪一个更大，地球还是月球？
疑问词+实义动词+副词比较级，甲or乙？
Who draws better , Jenny or Danny ?谁画得比较好，珍妮还是丹尼？
常见的修饰形容词比较级的前置词
much/a lot/far+形容词比较级，意为 “....得多”。
He’s feeling a lot better today . 他今天感觉好多了。
a bit / a little +形容词比较级，意为“稍微.....”
Can you come to school a little earlier tomorrow ?明天你能早点到校吗？
even+形容词比较级，意为“甚至....”
This book is even more useful than that . 这本书甚至比那本更有用。
◆考点突破
7 （2018，济南）Tony is not as clever as Lucy , but he works _____ than her . A hard B. harder C. hardest D the hardest
【答案】B
【解析】根据句中连词than判断，此处应该使用比较级表示两者间的比较。句意：托尼不如露西聪明，但她比她学习更勤奋。
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一、选择题
1. ----Do you have _____ to say for yourself ?
---- No, I have ______ to say .
A something ; everything B. nothing ; something
C everything ; anything D. anything ; nothing
【答案】D
【解析】问句为一般疑问句，anything 用于疑问句或否定句中代替something; 由答语“No” 可知“我没什么可说的”，故用nothing ,故选D。
----Would you like _____ to eat ?
---- Thanks, please .
A something B. anything C. some things D. any things
【答案】A
【解析】在表示请求、建议或期望得到肯定回答的一般疑问句中，要用some-构成的复合不定代词。
Paul and I _____ tennis yesterday . He did much better than I .
A play B. will play C. played D. are playing
【答案】C
【解析】由时间状语yesterday 可知为一般过去时，play的过去式为played .
----What did Mr. Smith do before he came to China ?
---- He _____ in a car factory .
A worked B. works C. is working D. will work
【答案】A
【解析】由问句为一般过去时可知答 句也应为一般过去时，work的过去式为worked .
He went into his room and _____ to work .
A begins B. began C. beginning D. to begin
【答案】B
【解析】 句意：他进入房间开始工作。 连词and 前后时态应一致。由went可知空格处应用began.
I don’t want to go to the museum ; it’s too ___ .
A relaxing B. boring C. bored D. beautiful
【答案】B
【解析】由“我不想去博物馆”可知“它太无聊了”，排除A、D两项；bored多修饰人，boring 修饰事或物。由主语it可知选B。
On weekends , I have nothing to do but _____ TV.
A watches B. to watch C. watching D. watch
【答案】D
【解析】nothing...but...意为“除...之外没有”， but后接动词原形。
I didn’t go to the mountains ______ the bad weather .
A so B. because of C. because D. but
【答案】B
【解析】句意：因为坏天气我没有去爬山。Because of 后接名词（短语）；because 后接句子。
Today is Children’s Day . There are _____ people in Happy Valley .
A too many B. too much C. much too D. many too
【答案】A
【解析】too many 意为“太多”，后跟可数名词复数；too much 意为“太多”，后跟不可数名词；much too 意为“太”，后跟形容词或副词；many too说法不正确。由空格后的people 可知选A。
10 ----- _____ go out for a picnic next Saturday ?
---- Good idea .
A Why not B. How about C. Would you like D. Let’s
【答案】A
【解析】why not “为什么不”，其后跟动词原形；how about “怎么样”，其后跟v-ing形式；would you like ... “你愿意...”,其后跟动词不定式；let’s “让我们”，其后跟动词原形。空格后go 为动词原形，排除B C 两项；第一句句末为问号，故排除D项。句意：“下个星期六为什么不去野餐吗？”“好主意”。
11 Western people _____ use Mr. or Mrs. Before their given names .
A always B. often C sometimes D. never
【答案】D
【解析】根据文化常识可知“西方人从不在自己的名字前加先生或女士”。never意为“从不”。故选D。
12 ----Ms. Lin is very popular among the students.
---- Yes. Her classes are _____ lively and interesting .
A always B. sometimes C. hardly D. never
【答案】A
【解析】由第一句句意“林老师很受学生们的欢迎”和 “yes”可知空格所在句句意为“她的课总是生动、有趣”。故选A 。
We _____ play sports on school days . You know , we don’t have enough time.
A often B. usually C. hardly D. ever
【答案】C
【解析】由后句句意“你知道，我们没有足够的时间”可知，前句句意应为“我们在上学日几乎不进行体育运动”。故选C。
----I don’t know you take a bus to school .
----Oh, I _____ take a bus , but it is snowing today .
A hardly B. never C. sometimes D. usually
【答案】A
【解析】hardly意为“几乎不”never意为“从不”；sometimes 意为“有时”；usually 意为“通常”。空格处句意为“噢，我几乎不乘公共汽车上学，但今天下雪”，故选A。
15 ----How often do you go shoppin g?
---- _____ ever . I don’t like shopping at all .
AUsually B. Never C. Hardly D. Always.
【答案】C
【解析】由答语后句“我一点儿也不喜欢购物”可知，“几乎从不去购物”。hardly ever “几乎从不”。故选C。
16 Tina often eats junk food , _____ she knows it’s bad for her health .
A although B. so C. so D. or
【答案】A
【解析】由句意“蒂娜经常吃垃圾食品，尽管她知道那对她的健康有坏处”知选although “虽然；尽管”。
You can improve your English _____ reading more .
A in B. with C. by D. of
【答案】C
【解析】句意：通过更多阅读你可以提高你的英语。 by表示“通过....方式 。”
----_____ do you visit your grandparents ?
---- Three or four times a month .
【答案】C
【解析】由答语“每个月3或4次”可知问句是提问频率的，故用how often.
----How many hours do they exercise every day ? ---- _____ .
A Twice a day B. Two C. Once D. Often
【答案】B
【解析】问句“How many hours (几个小时）...?” 是提问数量的，应用基数词回答，故选B。
20 Please drink some milk . It’s good _____ your health .
A to B. for C. at D. with
【答案】B
【解析】be good for “对...有好处”，为固定搭配。
21 ----Time is money .
---- But I think time is _____ money .
A as important as B. more important as
C the most important in D. more important than
【答案】D
【解析】根据上句句意“时间就是金钱”及下句中的“but”可知，此处句意为“但是我认为时间比金钱更重要”故选D。
----What do you think of Tom’s speech ?
---- No one does ______ in our class .
A good B. better C. well D. best
【答案】B
【解析】答语句意：我们班里没有人比汤姆的演讲更好了。
23 The more you smile , the _____ you will feel .
A happy B. happier C. happily D. mre happily
【答案】B
【解析】 “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越...，就越...”,而feel是连系动语，此处应用形容词，故远B。
24 Who is _____ , Tom or Jim ?
A outgoing B. more heavy C. thinner D. hard-working
【答案】C
【解析】两者比较应该用比较级，排除A、D两项；heavy的比较级为heavier,排除B项。
25 Jack runs as ______ as Sam .
A faster B. fast C. more fast D. fastly
【答案】B
【解析】as...as 中间接形容词或副词的原级，故选B。
26 She is not good at _____ a bike .
A ride B. to ride C. riding D. rides
【答案】C
【解析】be good at doing sth 意为 “擅长做某事”
Lily’s book is _____ nicer than yours .
A very B. quite C. much D. too
【答案】C
【解析】much nicer than ...比...好得多。
Just search the Internet , and you can get almost all the _____ you need .
A informations B. information C. picture D. story
【答案】B
【解析】句意：只要上网搜一下，你就能得到你需要的几乎所有的信息。information意为“信息”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故选B。
Tom is quieter than Jim , ______?
A is he B. does he C. isn’t he D. doesn’t he
【答案】C
【解析】前句为含有is的肯定句，后面的附加问句为isn’t he .
30 He has two daughters; they _____ doctors.
A both are B. are both C. are all D. all are .
【答案】B
【解析】both意为“两者都”，用在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，实义动词之前。
