专题十二 倒装句（原卷版）
倒装是将某些句子成分移到句首而引起主语和谓语顺序的颠倒。倒装是句子语法结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要，是高考的一个重要考点。高考对这个考点的考查主要有以下几个方面：
1）含有否定意义的词置于句首时，部分倒装。
2）only位于句首修饰状语等，部分倒装。
3）so/such...that句型中，so/such位于句首时，后面的主句倒装，that从句不倒装。
4）if虚拟条件句可把if省略而把had，should和were提到主语之前构成倒装。
一、全部倒装
【考例1】For a moment nothing happened．Then_________a11 shouting together．
A．voices had come B．came voices C．voices would come D．did voices come
【答案】B
【解析】副词now，then，here，there等位于句首，且句子的主语是名词时，句子要用全部倒装结构，即把整个谓语提到主语前面，答案为B项。
【考例2】I have been living in the United States for 20 years, but seldom so lonely as now.?
A. have I felt B. I had felt C.I have felt D. had I felt
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装。句意：我在美国生活了20年了，但是很少像现在这样感到如此孤独。否定词seldom 置于句首，句子要部分倒装,再根据前面的“have been living”可知此处应用现在完成时。故选A项。
【方法探究】此类题要牢记能够构成全部倒装句的条件，会划分句子成分，还可以通过还原法验证答案的准确性。本题就可以还原为：Voices came all shouting together then．
★知识链接★
（1）here，there；in，out；now，then；up，down；away，off等副词位于句首时，句子要全部倒装。
例如：Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。
Then came a new difficulty．接着来了新的问题。
*注意：但是如果主语是代词那就不需要倒装了。例如：Here he comes．
（2）形容词、副词、过去分词、现在分词、介词短语+系动词+主语这是全部倒装的另一个重要形式。
例如：Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests．到会的有怀特教授、史密斯教授和许多其他客人。
Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people．他们对中国人民为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。
Standing beside the window was a boy aged about 6．一个大约6岁的孩子站在窗户旁。
（3）such + be+主语也是构成全部倒装的形式之一。
例如： Such a moving film was it that they were all lost in thought after it was over．电影如此感人以致让他们看后陷入沉思。
（4）用于there be句型，其中be有时可用live， stand，lie ，seem，happen，appear，come，remain等词代替。
例如：There used to be an old temple here.过去这儿有一座古庙。
There lies a beautiful small town at the foot of the hill.这个山脚下有一座美丽的小城。
There came shouts for help from the river.从河里传来救命声。
Since you have repaired my TV set．there is no need for me to buy a new one．既然你己修好了我的电视机，我没必要买一台新的。
二、部分倒装
【考例1】（2016?江苏34）Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage D. they encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】考查部分倒装。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除AD项，B项为过去完成时，上下文中并没有体现出过去的过去的时间。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。
【考例2】（徐州市2018考前模拟26）This technology has been around for a long time, but not until recent years _______ it in marketing.
A. businesses employed B. did businesses employ
C. businesses had employed D. had businesses employed
【答案】B
【分析】本题考查时态及倒装。根据not until recent years位于句首，句子部分倒装，可排除A、B；同时根据recent years可知为一般过去时。
【考例3】（天津市第一中学2018届高三上学期第二次月考） the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
A. Did he catch B. Should he catch C. Has he caught D. Had he caught
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟和倒装。句意：如果他赶上了早班火车，开会就不会迟到了。主句的谓语动词是would not have been ，说明与过去事实相反，从句则可以用if he had caught the morning train, 当if从句中有were、had或者should 时，在可以省略if，把were、had或者should放在句首构成倒装句形式。本句中含有had，所以不用if时，就变成了 Had he caught the morning train。所以选D。
【考例4】（天津市耀华中学2018届高三上学期第二次月考） --- Did you see who the man was?
--- No, so quickly ________ that I couldn’t get a good look at his face.
A. did he run B. has he run C. he has run D. he ran
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装句。上句：你看见那个男士是谁吗？下句：没有，他跑的如此快，结果我没看清他的脸。此题考查：so +形容词或副词，放在句首使用部分倒装。根据上句的时态可知应用一般过去式，助动词提前，故选A。
【考例5】（2018江苏无锡市上学期期中9）Only in you to go on living -just one day in the year, softly, quietly, as I have always lived near you.
A. do I wish B. I wish C. have I wished D. I have wished
【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：我真的希望活在你的心里——一年中只要一天，轻轻地，静静地，就像我一直伴你左右一样。Only位于句首，加介词短语，句子用部分倒装，故选A。
【考例6】（2017天津南开区模拟四4）Work ______ they might, they didn’t get the result they expected.
A. although B. since C. as D. as though
【答案】C
【解析】考查as引导的状语从句倒装。句意：尽管他们努力工作，但是仍然没有获得期望的结果。as意为“尽管” 时引导让步状语从句，把动词放在as之前。
【方法探究】此类题型应该准确掌握部分倒装的条件，尤其是only，so等否定副词或带有否定意义的词语放在句首时就构成了部分倒装。还应该格外注意否定副词本身已经具有否定意思，后面就不能用not了。
★知识链接★
（1）两个So：一个是so／neither／nor+助动词／情态动词／系动词+主语，表示前一句的内容也适合另一人或另一事物；
例如：—I went to Emei Mountains in Sichuan and had a wonderful time there．我去了四川峨嵋山并且在那儿过得很愉快。
—Really? so did I.真的吗？我也去了。
—You can speak French, and so can I．你会讲法语，我也会。(讲法语)
上述句型的否定形式要用下列结构“Neither/ nor + be/助动词/情态动词+主语”。即表示前面所述否定情况也适用于另一人或物，neither或nor本身已含有否定意义，be，have等助动词或情态动词不能用否定形式.
例如：Jack hasn't been to China, neither have Mary and Jane.杰克没到过中国，玛丽和珍妮也没到过。
另一个是So／such…that引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。
例如：So hard is it raining that the sports meet has to be stopped.雨下得很大，运动会不得不停下来。
（2）as引导的让步状语从句要把形容词、名词(不加冠词)、动词原形、副词提到as前面。
Pretty as she is ，she is not clever.尽管她漂亮，但她并不聪明。
Try as he would，he might fail again .尽管他试着做，但还是失败了。
He was unable to make much progress, hard as he tried.他虽然很努力，但还是没能取得很大进步。
注意：①在用as（though）引导的让步状语从句中，如果主语较长，也可用全部倒装。
例如：Difficult as was the chemistry homework，it was finished in time .尽管化学作业难，但还是按时完成了。
Tired as/though he was, he still went on with his work.尽管他很累，他还是继续工作。
②如果从句的表语是名词，单数名词或形容词的最高级，其名词前不加任何冠词和物主代词。
例如：Child as he was，he had to make a living.尽管他是孩子，他得谋生。
Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best.他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但英语说得最好。
③谓语动词的倒装
例如：Try as he might，he didn't pass the exam.尽管很用功，但他考试还是不及格。
④状语的倒装
例如：Much as he likes the bike, he doesn't want to buy it.他虽然很喜欢那辆自行车，但不想买它。
（3）only 放在句首修饰副词、介词短语、状语从句时，主句部分倒装。
例如：Only by seizing every minute can we finish it on time.只有抓住每一分钟，我们才能按时完成。
Only in this way can you master English.只有用这种办法你才能掌握英语。
Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.只到他告诉我，我才意识到他遇到麻烦。
注意：如果句首的only修饰的不是状语而是主语或only所修饰的状语不在句首，则不用倒装。
例如：Only Wang Ling known this.只有王玲知道这个。
（4）否定副词not／never／seldom／little／no／not only／not until和否定短语at no time／in no
way／by no means／in no case／under no circumstances位于句首时用部分倒装。
注意：Hardly had somebody…when…；No sooner had somebody…than…；Scarcely had somebody…when… 构成的固定倒装形式。
例如：No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.她刚一出去电话铃就响了。
Hardly had we started our journey when it rained.我们刚出发，天就下开雨了。
Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.直到老师来他才完成他的家庭作业。
Never in my life have I seen such a thing.我一生中从没有见过这种事。
Not for a moment did he doubt the truth of your story.他从来没有怀疑过你的故事的真实性。
Not in the least does it matter.一点也没有关系。
Little does she care about what others think.她几乎不在乎别人会怎么想。
Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place.世界上没有别的地方能像这样美，这样幽静。
（5）whatever，however引导让步状语从句强调形容词或副词时，句子倒装。
例如：However hard he tried，he could hardly avoid making mistakes in his homework．无论他怎么努力，在他的作业里，他几乎难以避免犯错。
Whatever I gave him，he refused．无论我给他什么，他都拒绝。
No matter how many difficulties you meet with，you should try to overcome them．无论你遇到多少困难，你都应该尽力克服。
（6）当表示频度的状语位于句首时，也构成倒装，常用表示频度的词有：often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every other day, every two hours等。
例如：Many a time has the old man given me good advice.那老人多次给我提出好的建议，
Often did we go for walks together after supper at that time.那时，我们晚饭后常一块儿散步。
（7）if虚拟条件句可把if省略而把had，should和were提到主语之前构成倒装。
例如：Had you reviewed your lessons，you might have passed the examination。如果你复习了你的功课，你可能通过考试。
Were I in school again, I would work harder.如果我重新回到学校，我会加倍努力学习。
Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.你如果早来这一会儿，你就会见到他。
【附】倒装句口诀
副词开头要例装，人称代词则如常。
only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装。
否定意义副连词，“既不…也不”须倒装。
表语前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装。
such代词做表语，引起主谓要倒装。
Not only开头句，前一分句须倒装。
had，were，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。
一、选择题（Choose the best answer）
1.Near the lake ________，which has a history of more than a thousand years.
A．a tower does stand B．a tower stands
C．stands a tower D．does a tower stand
2.So buried ________ in doing her homework that she didn’t notice it got dark outside.
A．was she B．she was C．did she D．she did
_3._______，Carolina couldn’t get the door open.
A．Try as she might B．As she might try
C．She might as try D．Might she as try
4.Into the dark apartment ________，who was quite surprised when everyone shouted “Happy birthday！”
A．did David walk B．David did walk
C．David walked D．walked David
5.Life is harder for Senior Three students throughout China. Hardly_________ endless exercises or tests.
A．does everyday go by with B．any day goes by with
C．everyday goes by without D．does any day go by without
6.________ today，would we be able to get there by Friday？
A．Were we leaving B．Did we leave
C．Would we leave D．Were we to leave
7．Never before ________ I should have the opportunity to live with so many kind neighbors.
A．did I imagine B．I imagine
C．I have imagined D．have I imagined
8．Dogs barked madly while fish jumped out of water. In no time ______as a prediction of a coming earthquake.
A．the phenomena were noticed B．the phenomena was noticed
C．were the phenomena noticed D．was the phenomena noticed
9.To recognize and respect a country's own culture does not mean to close the door to others；________ to stand upon principles of being superior.
A．and it means B．but it means
C．so does it mean D．neither does it mean
10．To our astonishment, nowhere else along the coast ________such shallow water so far from the mainland.
A．is it B．there is
C．it is D．is there
11．“Not until I knew much about Nanking Massacre，” the foreigner says，“________the significance of setting the National Memorial Day.”
A．had I understood B．did I understand
C．I have understood D．I understood
12.Look，________beautiful flowers ________the girl carrying that she becomes the focus in the room.
A．such；is B．so; are C．how; is D．what; are
13.—When shall we set out to handle the problem we came across last week?
—Not until________a chance to discuss it thoroughly.
A．we have had B．will we have had
C．have we had D．we will have had
14．On two occasions he was accused of stealing money from the company，but in neither case ________any evidence to support the claims.
A．was there B．there was
C．had there been D．there had been
15.Never before ________the famous ancient garden was just a stone's throw away from the hotel, so out________．
A．had they known; went all they B．they had known; went all they
C．had they known; they all went D．they had known; they all went
二、句型训练（Choose the right words in brackets）
1.志愿者活动不仅能使青少年学到如何帮助残疾人，还可以提高他们与陌生人合作的意识。 (Not only…but also…)
can volunteer activities enable teenagers to learn how to help the disabled, they can also raise teenagers’ awareness to cooperate with strangers.
2.只有当一个人失去了他所拥有的一切时，才会意识到它的价值。(Only…)
one has lost everything he has he realize its value.
3.我从未在其它任何地方品尝过如此精美的菜肴。(Nowhere)
else I tasted such delicious dishes.
4.近年来，互联网产业发展如此迅速以至于在家办公已不再是遥不可及的梦想。(So)
fast the Internet industry developed these years that working at home is no longer a distant dream.
5.直到他此次考试不及格，他才意识到词汇学习包括拼写单词以及学会正确的使用词汇表达自己的观点。(Not until)
he failed in the exam, he realize learning vocabulary involved spelling and correctly using them to express his opinions.
三、Translate the following into Chinese（英译汉）
1.Not only does classifying/sorting rubbish help protect the environment, but also it helps recycle waste materials, so everyone should take action.
2.Seldom did ask his teacher(s) for help, because he thought / thinks self-study / teaching himself would / will benefit himself more / give (bring) more benefits to him.
3.Never did it occur to him that he could stand out in the fierce competition and win so much applause and encouragement after over ten years of hard work.
4.So excited was she that she failed to fall asleep the whole night when she learned she had been admitted to the university she had been dreaming of for a long time.
5.Not until he posted his photos through Wechat did his friends and relatives learn a little about his life abroad.
6.No longer has she kept in touch with us since she went abroad for further study / education.
7.Not only did the visitors from home and abroad appreciate the beauty of the ancient city, but also have a rough idea of the local traditional culture and the long history.
四、Translate the following into English（汉译英）
1. 只有充分利用你遇到的每个机会，你才能实现自己的梦想。
2.我做梦也想不到会在这次化学竞赛中获_等奖。
3.学生们难得有机会目睹那位著名的诺贝尔文学奖获得者。
4.直到那位母亲确信她的儿子已安然无恙地到家，她才松了一口气。
5.他高中一毕业就迫不及待地出国旅游去了。
6.任何情况下父母都不能强迫孩子去做超出他们能力范围的事情。
7.我们的祖国从来没有像今天这样强大过。
8.老师仅靠一支粉笔上课的日子一去不复返了。
9.直到真要出国了，这个年轻人才意识到自立的重要性。
10.只有重视学习效率，你才可能取得令人满意的进步。
11.不管多累，她每天都会抽出一些时间与女儿一起阅读。(no matter)
12他伤得很严重，应该马上送医院。
13.他在那个偏远小镇过着如此宁静的生活以至于他都不想返回家乡了。
14.不管多么困难，我们都应该按时完成这项利民工程。
15.人们很少仅仅因为这座城市的生活节奏太快而决定离开。
专题十二 倒装句（解析版）
倒装是将某些句子成分移到句首而引起主语和谓语顺序的颠倒。倒装是句子语法结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要，是高考的一个重要考点。高考对这个考点的考查主要有以下几个方面：
1）含有否定意义的词置于句首时，部分倒装。
2）only位于句首修饰状语等，部分倒装。
3）so/such...that句型中，so/such位于句首时，后面的主句倒装，that从句不倒装。
4）if虚拟条件句可把if省略而把had，should和were提到主语之前构成倒装。
一、全部倒装
【考例1】For a moment nothing happened．Then_________a11 shouting together．
A．voices had come B．came voices C．voices would come D．did voices come
【答案】B
【解析】副词now，then，here，there等位于句首，且句子的主语是名词时，句子要用全部倒装结构，即把整个谓语提到主语前面，答案为B项。
【考例2】I have been living in the United States for 20 years, but seldom so lonely as now.?
A. have I felt B. I had felt C.I have felt D. had I felt
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装。句意：我在美国生活了20年了，但是很少像现在这样感到如此孤独。否定词seldom 置于句首，句子要部分倒装,再根据前面的“have been living”可知此处应用现在完成时。故选A项。
【方法探究】此类题要牢记能够构成全部倒装句的条件，会划分句子成分，还可以通过还原法验证答案的准确性。本题就可以还原为：Voices came all shouting together then．
★知识链接★
（1）here，there；in，out；now，then；up，down；away，off等副词位于句首时，句子要全部倒装。
例如：Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。
Then came a new difficulty．接着来了新的问题。
*注意：但是如果主语是代词那就不需要倒装了。例如：Here he comes．
（2）形容词、副词、过去分词、现在分词、介词短语+系动词+主语这是全部倒装的另一个重要形式。
例如：Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests．到会的有怀特教授、史密斯教授和许多其他客人。
Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people．他们对中国人民为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。
Standing beside the window was a boy aged about 6．一个大约6岁的孩子站在窗户旁。
（3）such + be+主语也是构成全部倒装的形式之一。
例如： Such a moving film was it that they were all lost in thought after it was over．电影如此感人以致让他们看后陷入沉思。
（4）用于there be句型，其中be有时可用live， stand，lie ，seem，happen，appear，come，remain等词代替。
例如：There used to be an old temple here.过去这儿有一座古庙。
There lies a beautiful small town at the foot of the hill.这个山脚下有一座美丽的小城。
There came shouts for help from the river.从河里传来救命声。
Since you have repaired my TV set．there is no need for me to buy a new one．既然你己修好了我的电视机，我没必要买一台新的。
二、部分倒装
【考例1】（2016?江苏34）Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage D. they encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】考查部分倒装。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除AD项，B项为过去完成时，上下文中并没有体现出过去的过去的时间。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。
【考例2】（徐州市2018考前模拟26）This technology has been around for a long time, but not until recent years _______ it in marketing.
A. businesses employed B. did businesses employ
C. businesses had employed D. had businesses employed
【答案】B
【分析】本题考查时态及倒装。根据not until recent years位于句首，句子部分倒装，可排除A、B；同时根据recent years可知为一般过去时。
【考例3】（天津市第一中学2018届高三上学期第二次月考） the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
A. Did he catch B. Should he catch C. Has he caught D. Had he caught
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟和倒装。句意：如果他赶上了早班火车，开会就不会迟到了。主句的谓语动词是would not have been ，说明与过去事实相反，从句则可以用if he had caught the morning train, 当if从句中有were、had或者should 时，在可以省略if，把were、had或者should放在句首构成倒装句形式。本句中含有had，所以不用if时，就变成了 Had he caught the morning train。所以选D。
【考例4】（天津市耀华中学2018届高三上学期第二次月考） --- Did you see who the man was?
--- No, so quickly ________ that I couldn’t get a good look at his face.
A. did he run B. has he run C. he has run D. he ran
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装句。上句：你看见那个男士是谁吗？下句：没有，他跑的如此快，结果我没看清他的脸。此题考查：so +形容词或副词，放在句首使用部分倒装。根据上句的时态可知应用一般过去式，助动词提前，故选A。
【考例5】（2018江苏无锡市上学期期中9）Only in you to go on living -just one day in the year, softly, quietly, as I have always lived near you.
A. do I wish B. I wish C. have I wished D. I have wished
【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：我真的希望活在你的心里——一年中只要一天，轻轻地，静静地，就像我一直伴你左右一样。Only位于句首，加介词短语，句子用部分倒装，故选A。
【考例6】（2017天津南开区模拟四4）Work ______ they might, they didn’t get the result they expected.
A. although B. since C. as D. as though
【答案】C
【解析】考查as引导的状语从句倒装。句意：尽管他们努力工作，但是仍然没有获得期望的结果。as意为“尽管” 时引导让步状语从句，把动词放在as之前。
【方法探究】此类题型应该准确掌握部分倒装的条件，尤其是only，so等否定副词或带有否定意义的词语放在句首时就构成了部分倒装。还应该格外注意否定副词本身已经具有否定意思，后面就不能用not了。
★知识链接★
（1）两个So：一个是so／neither／nor+助动词／情态动词／系动词+主语，表示前一句的内容也适合另一人或另一事物；
例如：—I went to Emei Mountains in Sichuan and had a wonderful time there．我去了四川峨嵋山并且在那儿过得很愉快。
—Really? so did I.真的吗？我也去了。
—You can speak French, and so can I．你会讲法语，我也会。(讲法语)
上述句型的否定形式要用下列结构“Neither/ nor + be/助动词/情态动词+主语”。即表示前面所述否定情况也适用于另一人或物，neither或nor本身已含有否定意义，be，have等助动词或情态动词不能用否定形式.
例如：Jack hasn't been to China, neither have Mary and Jane.杰克没到过中国，玛丽和珍妮也没到过。
另一个是So／such…that引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。
例如：So hard is it raining that the sports meet has to be stopped.雨下得很大，运动会不得不停下来。
（2）as引导的让步状语从句要把形容词、名词(不加冠词)、动词原形、副词提到as前面。
Pretty as she is ，she is not clever.尽管她漂亮，但她并不聪明。
Try as he would，he might fail again .尽管他试着做，但还是失败了。
He was unable to make much progress, hard as he tried.他虽然很努力，但还是没能取得很大进步。
注意：①在用as（though）引导的让步状语从句中，如果主语较长，也可用全部倒装。
例如：Difficult as was the chemistry homework，it was finished in time .尽管化学作业难，但还是按时完成了。
Tired as/though he was, he still went on with his work.尽管他很累，他还是继续工作。
②如果从句的表语是名词，单数名词或形容词的最高级，其名词前不加任何冠词和物主代词。
例如：Child as he was，he had to make a living.尽管他是孩子，他得谋生。
Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best.他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但英语说得最好。
③谓语动词的倒装
例如：Try as he might，he didn't pass the exam.尽管很用功，但他考试还是不及格。
④状语的倒装
例如：Much as he likes the bike, he doesn't want to buy it.他虽然很喜欢那辆自行车，但不想买它。
（3）only 放在句首修饰副词、介词短语、状语从句时，主句部分倒装。
例如：Only by seizing every minute can we finish it on time.只有抓住每一分钟，我们才能按时完成。
Only in this way can you master English.只有用这种办法你才能掌握英语。
Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.只到他告诉我，我才意识到他遇到麻烦。
注意：如果句首的only修饰的不是状语而是主语或only所修饰的状语不在句首，则不用倒装。
例如：Only Wang Ling known this.只有王玲知道这个。
（4）否定副词not／never／seldom／little／no／not only／not until和否定短语at no time／in no
way／by no means／in no case／under no circumstances位于句首时用部分倒装。
注意：Hardly had somebody…when…；No sooner had somebody…than…；Scarcely had somebody…when… 构成的固定倒装形式。
例如：No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.她刚一出去电话铃就响了。
Hardly had we started our journey when it rained.我们刚出发，天就下开雨了。
Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.直到老师来他才完成他的家庭作业。
Never in my life have I seen such a thing.我一生中从没有见过这种事。
Not for a moment did he doubt the truth of your story.他从来没有怀疑过你的故事的真实性。
Not in the least does it matter.一点也没有关系。
Little does she care about what others think.她几乎不在乎别人会怎么想。
Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place.世界上没有别的地方能像这样美，这样幽静。
（5）whatever，however引导让步状语从句强调形容词或副词时，句子倒装。
例如：However hard he tried，he could hardly avoid making mistakes in his homework．无论他怎么努力，在他的作业里，他几乎难以避免犯错。
Whatever I gave him，he refused．无论我给他什么，他都拒绝。
No matter how many difficulties you meet with，you should try to overcome them．无论你遇到多少困难，你都应该尽力克服。
（6）当表示频度的状语位于句首时，也构成倒装，常用表示频度的词有：often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every other day, every two hours等。
例如：Many a time has the old man given me good advice.那老人多次给我提出好的建议，
Often did we go for walks together after supper at that time.那时，我们晚饭后常一块儿散步。
（7）if虚拟条件句可把if省略而把had，should和were提到主语之前构成倒装。
例如：Had you reviewed your lessons，you might have passed the examination。如果你复习了你的功课，你可能通过考试。
Were I in school again, I would work harder.如果我重新回到学校，我会加倍努力学习。
Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.你如果早来这一会儿，你就会见到他。
【附】倒装句口诀
副词开头要例装，人称代词则如常。
only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装。
否定意义副连词，“既不…也不”须倒装。
表语前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装。
such代词做表语，引起主谓要倒装。
Not only开头句，前一分句须倒装。
had，were，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。
一、选择题（Choose the best answer）
1.Near the lake ________，which has a history of more than a thousand years.
A．a tower does stand B．a tower stands
C．stands a tower D．does a tower stand
【答案】C
【解析】表示地点的介词词组置于句首，谓语动词是表示“存在”的动词如：be，lie，stand，exist等时，要用完全倒装。
2.So buried ________ in doing her homework that she didn’t notice it got dark outside.
A．was she B．she was C．did she D．she did
【答案】A
【解析】句意为：她如此集中注意力于作业以至于没有注意到外面天色已晚。so/such...that...结构中，so/such置于句首时，该分句用倒装，排除B、D两项；再根据be buried in(全神贯注于)短语可知，选含有动词be的A项。
_3._______，Carolina couldn’t get the door open.
A．Try as she might B．As she might try
C．She might as try D．Might she as try
【答案】A
【解析】as在此意为“虽然，尽管”，引导从句要用倒装语序，即将句中的形容词、副词、名词或者谓语动词提到as前面。
4.Into the dark apartment ________，who was quite surprised when everyone shouted “Happy birthday！”
A．did David walk B．David did walk
C．David walked D．walked David
【答案】D
【解析】句意为：大卫走进了漆黑的公寓，当大家高喊“生日快乐”时，他感到非常惊讶。当某些副词如in、out、up、down等位于句首或表示位置的介词短语作状语位于句首且主语是名词时，后面应用完全倒装形式。故选D。
5.Life is harder for Senior Three students throughout China. Hardly_________ endless exercises or tests.
A．does everyday go by with B．any day goes by with
C．everyday goes by without D．does any day go by without
【答案】D
【解析】考查部分倒装。在英语中当否定词或半否定词放在句首的时候，要使用部分倒装的形式。本句中副词hardly意为“几乎不……”，属于半否定词，放在句首的时候，使用部分倒装的形式。排除B、C项，A项应该使用否定含义。故D项正确。
6.________ today，would we be able to get there by Friday？
A．Were we leaving B．Did we leave
C．Would we leave D．Were we to leave
【答案】D
【解析】考查条件句中的省略倒装句。句意为：如果我们今天离开，我们能在周五之前到达那里吗？此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，并且省略了if，故选D项。
7．Never before ________ I should have the opportunity to live with so many kind neighbors.
A．did I imagine B．I imagine
C．I have imagined D．have I imagined
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装。否定副词never置于句首，句子用部分倒装；根据语境可知用现在完成时态，故选D。
8.Dogs barked madly while fish jumped out of water. In no time ______as a prediction of a coming earthquake.
A．the phenomena were noticed B．the phenomena was noticed
C．were the phenomena noticed D．was the phenomena noticed
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装结构及主谓一致。句意：当鱼儿跳出水面时狗疯狂地叫。这些预示地震即将到来的现象立刻引起了注意。in no time“立刻，马上”，不含否定含义，因此置于句首时句子不需要倒装。另外phenomena为phenomenon的复数形式。故选A项。
9.To recognize and respect a country's own culture does not mean to close the door to others；________ to stand upon principles of being superior.
A．and it means B．but it means
C．so does it mean D．neither does it mean
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：认识和尊重一个国家自己的文化并不意味着把其他国家的文化拒之门外，也不意味着主张高高在上的原则。neither does it mean也不意味着，与前文的does not mean一致。故选D项。
10.To our astonishment, nowhere else along the coast ________such shallow water so far from the mainland.
A．is it B．there is
C．it is D．is there
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：让我们惊讶的是，沿着海岸没有另外一个地方离大陆如此远，水却如此浅。“有如此浅的水”用there be结构表示，另外否定词nowhere置于句首，引起部分倒装。故选D项。
11.“Not until I knew much about Nanking Massacre，” the foreigner says，“________the significance of setting the National Memorial Day.”
A．had I understood B．did I understand
C．I have understood D．I understood
【答案】B
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：这个外国人说：“直到我了解了很多关于南京大屠杀的事，我才意识到设立国家公祭日的重要性。”“not until＋从句”放在了句首，引起主句部分倒装；另外understand这一动作发生在know之后，不需要用过去完成时，故选B项。
12.Look，________beautiful flowers ________the girl carrying that she becomes the focus in the room.
A．such；is B．so; are C．how; is D．what; are
【答案】A
【解析】句意：看，那女孩拿着如此漂亮的花，以至于她成为这个房间的焦点。本题是一个such...that...句型，“such＋名词”被提前到句首，谓语部分要倒装，正常语序为：Look，the girl is carrying such beautiful flowers that she...。句子的主语是the girl，谓语动词用单数。故选A项。
13.—When shall we set out to handle the problem we came across last week?
—Not until________a chance to discuss it thoroughly.
A．we have had B．will we have had
C．have we had D．we will have had
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：——我们什么时候将要开始处理我们上周遇到的问题啊？——直到我们有机会彻底讨论之后。not until后接时间状语从句，放在句首时引起主句倒装，而本题主句被省略，not until后是从句，无需倒装，排除B、C两项。另外until引导的是时间状语从句，要用现在时态表示将来，排除D项，故选A项。
14.On two occasions he was accused of stealing money from the company，but in neither case ________any evidence to support the claims.
A．was there B．there was
C．had there been D．there had been
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：他在两个场合下被起诉偷了这家公司的钱，但是都没有证据支持这些说法。but后的句子中in neither case是一个含有否定意义的短语，置于句首时句子要部分倒装；由was accused可知，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选A项。
15.Never before ________the famous ancient garden was just a stone's throw away from the hotel, so out________．
A．had they known; went all they B．they had known; went all they
C．had they known; they all went D．they had known; they all went
【答案】C
【解析】考查倒装句。句意：他们以前从不知道这个著名的古代花园离他们的宾馆只有几步远，因此(知道后)他们都去了(那儿)。第一空由于否定词never在句首，用部分倒装，排除B、D两项；第二空尽管副词out提到了分句句首，但由于分句主语they是代词，不需要倒装，故选C项。
二、句型训练（Choose the right words in brackets）
1.志愿者活动不仅能使青少年学到如何帮助残疾人，还可以提高他们与陌生人合作的意识。 (Not only…but also…)
Not only can volunteer activities enable teenagers to learn how to help the disabled, but they can also raise teenagers’ awareness to cooperate with strangers.
2.只有当一个人失去了他所拥有的一切时，才会意识到它的价值。(Only…)
Only when one has lost everything he has will he realize its value.
3.我从未在其它任何地方品尝过如此精美的菜肴。(Nowhere)
Nowhere else have I tasted such delicious dishes.
4.近年来，互联网产业发展如此迅速以至于在家办公已不再是遥不可及的梦想。(So)
So fast has the Internet industry developed these years that working at home is no longer a distant dream.
5.直到他此次考试不及格，他才意识到词汇学习包括拼写单词以及学会正确的使用词汇表达自己的观点。(Not until)
Not until he failed in the exam, did he realize learning vocabulary involved spelling and correctly using them to express his opinions.
三、Translate the following into Chinese（英译汉）
1.Not only does classifying/sorting rubbish help protect the environment, but also it helps recycle waste materials, so everyone should take action.
【答案】垃圾分类不仅有助于环境保护还有利于废物循环利用，所以人人要行动起来。
2.Seldom did ask his teacher(s) for help, because he thought / thinks self-study / teaching himself would / will benefit himself more / give (bring) more benefits to him.
【答案】杰克难得去老师那儿寻求帮助，他觉得自学会使自己受益更多。
3.Never did it occur to him that he could stand out in the fierce competition and win so much applause and encouragement after over ten years of hard work.
【答案】他从未想到自己经历十多年的努力后，终于能在激烈的竞争中脱颖而出，并赢得这么多的掌声和鼓励。
4.So excited was she that she failed to fall asleep the whole night when she learned she had been admitted to the university she had been dreaming of for a long time.
【答案】人们对像手机和电脑这样的电子产品早已司空见惯，以致于很难想象没有它们生活会变成什么样。
5.Not until he posted his photos through Wechat did his friends and relatives learn a little about his life abroad.
【答案】直到他通过微信传来了照片他的亲友们才得知了他在海外的一些生活情况。
6.No longer has she kept in touch with us since she went abroad for further study / education.
【答案】自从出国留学后，她就不再和我们保持联系了。
7.Not only did the visitors from home and abroad appreciate the beauty of the ancient city, but also have a rough idea of the local traditional culture and the long history.
【答案】中外游客们不仅领略了古城的美景，也对当地的传统文化和悠久历史有了一个大致的了解。
四、Translate the following into English（汉译英）
1. 只有充分利用你遇到的每个机会，你才能实现自己的梦想。
【答案】Only by making full use of every chance that you come across can you realize your dream.
2.我做梦也想不到会在这次化学竞赛中获_等奖。
【答案】Little did I dream of being able to win the first prize in this chemistry contest.
3.学生们难得有机会目睹那位著名的诺贝尔文学奖获得者。
【答案】Seldom do students have a chance / an opportunity to see the famous winner of the Nobel Prize for literature.
4.直到那位母亲确信她的儿子已安然无恙地到家，她才松了一口气。
【答案】Not until the mother made sure that her son had got home safe and sound， did she feel relieved.
5.他高中一毕业就迫不及待地出国旅游去了。
【答案】Hardly had he graduated from the high school when he hurried to travel aboard.
6.任何情况下父母都不能强迫孩子去做超出他们能力范围的事情。
【答案】Under no circumstances can parents force their kids to do what is beyond their capacity.
7.我们的祖国从来没有像今天这样强大过。
【答案】Never before has our country been as powerful as it is today.
8.老师仅靠一支粉笔上课的日子一去不复返了。
【答案】Gone are the days when a teacher gave lessons only with a piece of chalk.9.
9.直到真要出国了，这个年轻人才意识到自立的重要性。
【答案】Not until the young person/ man/ youngster actually went abroad did he realize the importance of independence / living on his own.
10.只有重视学习效率，你才可能取得令人满意的进步。
【答案】Only by laying/placing/putting emphasis on study efficiency can you make satisfactory progress.
11.不管多累，她每天都会抽出一些时间与女儿一起阅读。(no matter)
【答案】No matter how tired she is, she will spare some time every day to read with her daughter together.
12他伤得很严重，应该马上送医院。
【答案】So badly was he wounded/ hurt that he should be sent to hospital immediately.
13.他在那个偏远小镇过着如此宁静的生活以至于他都不想返回家乡了。
【答案】Such a peaceful life was/is he leading in that remote town that he didn’t/doesn’t even want to return to his hometown.
14.不管多么困难，我们都应该按时完成这项利民工程。
【答案】However difficult it may be, we must finish the project that benefits ordinary people on time.
15.人们很少仅仅因为这座城市的生活节奏太快而决定离开。
【答案】Rarely do people decide to leave the city only because of its too fast pace of life.
