课件58张PPT。高考语法复习一冠 词
The Article冠词高考备考三部曲高考考什么?
高考怎么考?
如何去备考?高考考什么?
冠词考点及复习要点
冠词的考查是当前各地高考考卷中的热点,是我们复习中的重点之一,主要涉及到不定冠词,定冠词,零冠词的用法。冠词的考查以固定结构和习惯用语为主,结合考查一些基本规则。所以我们在复习中要注重教材中的语言点的整理,同时对下面的冠词规则也要引起重视。
1、不定冠词的用法比较;
2、定冠词的习惯用法;
3、零冠词的用法;
4、在习惯用语中冠词的用法; 冠词的定义
冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种,一种是定冠词(the Definite Article),另一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article),还有一种是零冠词(Zero Article)。 不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源,是“一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前,而an则用于元音音素前。
1.a university, a useful animal, a one-eyed dog, a European car,
2.an hour, an honor , an honest boy, an X-ray, an ugly man, an uncle ,
an English teacher
高考怎么考冠词出现的常见题型——
(语法填空,完型填空,改错)
历年高考题回顾
考题点击1
Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years, but one thing or another always got in _____ way
(15浙江)
the
考题点击2
I just heard ____ bank where Dora works was robbed by ____ gunman wearing a mask.
(15重庆)
thea考题点击3
I can’t tell you _____ way to the Wilson’s because we don’t have_____ Wilson here in the village. (14重庆卷)
thea考题点击4
Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be _____ Beethoven (15四川卷)
a考题点击5
_____ village where I was born has grown into _____ town. (14重庆卷)
Thea考题点击6
Life is like_____ ocean: Only _____ strong-willed can reach the other shore. (14天津卷完形填空)
anthe考题点击7
The more learned a man is , a more modest he usually becomes. (15陕西卷改错)
a----the考题点击8
The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days the week, often long into the night (14浙江卷改错)
the—a;如何去备考不定冠词的用法
定冠词的用法
零冠词的用法
不定冠词的用法
1.不定冠词可用来表示“某一个”,相当于some,仍然意为“一个”,表泛指。
eg:A student in the classroom is singing.
教室里有一个学生在唱歌。
2. 在作表语或同位语的名词前加不定冠词,说明某个人或东西属于哪一类
eg : She was soon accepted as a member of the club.
不久,她就被接受加入了这个俱乐部
3. 不定冠词可以和名词一起来代表一类人和东西
A teacher must love his students老师必须爱他的学生
4.不定冠词还用于首次提到的对话一方不知道的人或物
eg: There is a man standing in the river
5. 一日三餐前一般是不用冠词的。但当breakfast,lunch,supper前出现形容词时,表示三餐的词前要加上冠词a。表示“一顿……的午饭、晚饭等
eg: have lunch(supper)吃午(晚)饭
eg: He is very fat and often has a big supper
6.一般在序数词前加不定冠词表示“又一,再……
eg: Would you like a second cup of coffee?
你想再要一杯咖啡吗?
7. 不定冠词还可用在某些抽象名词前,表示一阵、一场、一种、一例、一次等。还可用来表示引起某种情绪的事
eg:There was a heavy snow yesterday.
eg: He did me a great kindness
8. (冠词的活用)某些表示特性、状态、情感、情绪等的抽象名词,如果仅仅表示“概念”,是不可数名词,不加冠词;但如果这类名词被具体化则表示具体的人或事物,表示泛指时,需与不定冠词连用。如:
eg:His new book was a great success
surprise 惊奇,惊讶 a surprise 一件意外的事
pleasure 愉快,高兴 a pleasure 一件乐事
pressure 压力 a pressure 一种压力
concern 关心,忧虑 a concern 一件令人关切的事
success 成功 a success 一个/件成功的人/事
failure 失败 a failure 一个/件失败的人/事
comfort 安慰 a comfort 一个给人安慰的人或物
pity 同情,怜悯 a pity 一件遗憾的事
worry 担忧,担心 a worry 一件令人担忧的事
honor 尊重,尊敬 an honor 一个令人尊敬的人
wonder 惊叹,惊奇 a wonder 一件令人惊奇的事
9. 用在一些固定搭配中
eg:once upon a time 从前 once in a while 偶尔
do sb a favor 帮某人一个忙 all of a sudden 突然
in a way 在某种程度上 in a word 简言之
in a sense 在某种意义上 for a while 一会儿
in a hurry 匆忙 after a while 过一会儿
in a minute/moment/ while/ short period 一 会儿
have a try 尝试一下 have a cold 感冒
have a good time 玩得高兴
have a gift for 有……的天赋
eg:have a preference for 对……偏爱
have a word with与…谈话 make a living 谋生
have a holiday度假 have/ take a rest 休息
have a population of ……有着多少人口
get a lift/ride 搭便车 go on a diet 节食
keep an eye on 照看 as a result 结果
as a matter of fact 事实上 as a rule 通常,照例
at a loss 茫然,困惑 at a distance离一段距离
what a pity!真遗憾
a matter of…..的问题 a waste of……浪费
go for a walk 去散步
考题1
1.Can I have _____ word with you? It won’t take long(14北京卷)
a
考题2
2. The “Chinese Dream” is____ dream to improve people’s well-being and ____ dream of harmony, peace and development.
(13福建卷)
aa
考题3
3. People develop____ preference for a particular style of learning at____ early age and these preferences affect learning.
(13浙江卷)
aan
定冠词的用法
1.特指双方都明白的人或物
eg: Take the medicine 把药吃了
2.指上文提到过的人或事
eg:He bought a house. I have been to the house.
他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。
3.指世上独一无二的事物名称
the sun;太阳 the sky;天空 the moon;月亮 the earth 地球
4.与单数名词连用,表示一类事物
the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸
5.与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人
the rich 富人;the living生者; the poor穷人;the wounded 伤病员 the dying 垂死之人 the dead 死者
the deaf 聋子 the young年轻人 the old 老人
6.用在序数词或形容词最高级及形容词only,very,same等前面
eg—Where do you live?你住在哪?
—I live on the second floor 我住在二层(美式英语)
或者我住在三层。(英式英语)
eg:He is the tallest boy in our class.
他是我班最高的男生。
7. 用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级等专有名词前
The People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国
the United States 美国; the United Nations 联合国
8.用在表示乐器的名词之前
eg:She plays the piano.
9.用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人或夫妇二人
eg:the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫妇)
10.表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前
eg:She caught me by the arm.她抓住了我的手臂
11 用在表示“度量衡”之类的名词前:
eg:Apples are sold by the pound.
但要注意在 time, weight, length 等名词前不加 the
12.用在表示某世纪、年、代、时期或朝代的名词前
eg:It is not rare in the 1990s that people in their fifties are going to university for further education
在二十世纪九十年代五十多岁的人上大学进修不罕见了。
13.用在一些惯用语中: eg:in the day time在白天
in the morning (afternoon,evening)在早晨/下午/
the day after tomorrow后天 the day before yesterday前天
the next morning 第二天早晨 in the distance;在远处 in the middle (of);在中间 in the end,最后
in the way 挡路 by the way;顺便问一下
for the time being 暂时
eg: at the same time 同时
at the moment 此刻
at the beginning of /at the end of 在….开始或 结束时
on the whole;整体
on the spot 在场.当场.在原地
on the one hand, on the other hand
一方面.另一方面
to tell you the truth 说实话
get into/ in the habit of 养成…的习惯
make the most/best of 充分利用
考题1
1. _____ exact year which Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.(14安徽卷)
The考题2
2.We’ll reach the sales targets in month which we set at _____ beginning of the year.(14重庆卷)
the
考题3
3. Marco Polo is said to have sailed on____ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in____ thirteenth century .
(13福建卷)
thethe
零冠词的用法
1.国名,人名前通常不用冠词:England,Mary;
2.泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时,可不用
冠词;eg: They are teachers. 他们是教师。
3.抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词;eg: Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母
4.物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,当表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词;
eg: Man cannot live without water.
人离开水就无法生存。 5.在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词或表示独一无二的职位、职务的名词用作表语、同位语或补足语时
eg1: We elected him president of our university.
我们选举他为我们大学的校长。 ; eg:2The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。
6.在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加
冠词 如:have breakfast,play chess
但如果三餐饭的名词前有形容词修饰,则需要加
冠词。如:have a big breakfast7.当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词; I can‘t write without pen or pencil.
没有钢笔和铅笔,我就写不了字。8.表示交通工具的名词与by连用,不指具体某辆车,而是指这些交通工具作为手段时不用冠词
eg:Mr. Smith usually goes to work by bus.
史密斯先生通常坐公交车上班。
9.no 与such 连用时,应放在such 之前,such 后面的名词前不用冠词
No such thing has ever happened in this village.
在这个村庄里从没有发生过这样的事情。10.在表示种类的名词(kind,sort,type,variety等)
+of 结构后出现的单数名词前不用冠词
eg: What kind of flower do you call it ?你把它叫作什么花?
11. as, though 引导的倒装的让步状语从句中的名词移至句首时,冠词省略
eg: Child as she is, she knows a lot of English .
虽然她是个孩子,她懂许多英语。
12.两个名词同指一个人或物时,后面的名词前不用冠词
eg:The teacher and writer has come to the meeting.
这位老师兼作家来参加会议了。
13. 连系动词turn 后的表语单数可数名词前不用冠词,但名词前若有形容词作定语时,则必须加冠词
eg:1.The young worker has turned writer.
这位年轻的工人成了一名作家。
eg: 2.She has turned a successful singer.
她成了一名成功的歌唱家。
14.在单数名词+after+同一单数名词(表示“一个接一个”)结构中,单数可数名词前不加冠词
eg:She did experiment after experiment.
她做了一个又一个实验
考题1
1. India attained____ independence in 1947, after____ long struggle.
(16江苏模拟题)
/a
考题2
2. If my train is on____ schedule, I will be home at ____ noon.
(16浙江联考)
//
考题3
3. Hiking is____ great fun. You will get close to ____ nature and take exercise at the same time.
(16湖北联考)
//
特别注意加冠词和不加 冠词的意义区别
1.sit at table 坐在桌旁吃饭
sit at the table 坐在桌旁(不一定吃饭)
2. go to school 去上学
go to the school 在学校(不一定是上学)
3. in prison 坐牢
in the prison 在监狱里(不一定是犯人)
4. by sea 乘船
by the sea 在海边
5. in front of 在……(外部的)前面
in the front of 在……(内部的)前面
6. out of question 没问题
out of the question 不可能
7. in possession of 拥有
in the possession of 为某人所拥有
8. go to church 去做礼拜
go to the church 去教堂(不一定是做礼拜)
9. in charge of 负责,掌管
in the charge of 为某人所掌管,负责
10. in class 在上课
in the class of 在那个班里
11. in word 在口头上
in a word 总之;简言之
12. in hospital 住院
in the hospital 在医院里(不一定是病人)13. take place 发生
take the place of 代替
14. in place of 代替
in the place of 在…….的地方
15. in office 在执政
in the office 在办公室
16. in future 今后
in the future 将来
17. in store 在储存
in the store 在仓库
Summary——口诀名词是秃子,常要戴帽子
可数名词单,应用a或an
辅音前用a, an在元音前
若为特指时,则应用定冠
复数不可数,泛指the不见
碰到代词时,冠词均不见
巩固练习student’s book---page203and 204
1. Nowadays____ idea is always flashing across his mind that he should fix ____ time for another trip with his family.
thea
2. It is generally accepted that____ schedule boy must learn to stand up and fight like a ____ man.
aa3. My grandparents like to live in the countryside where they can enjoy ____ leisurely walk on the country road and feel ____ warmth of the sun on their face
athe4. Nowadays people are more likely to go to ____ mall than visit the tailor when shopping for clothes, so tailors have adapted to ____ new reality.
thethe5.---You are really crazy about music!
--- Sort of. I always find in music____ peace which is missing in ____ world full of challenges.
thea
6. It is____ waste of time, at times the food is not fresh and does not taste delicious.
a7. We can broaden our horizons and know more about the world by watching____ latest news and reports.
theGood-bye!