初高中知识衔接-句子成分课件(11张)

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名称 初高中知识衔接-句子成分课件(11张)
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资源类型 教案
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科目 英语
更新时间 2018-11-22 08:54:18

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Module 1 My First Day at Senior High
Verb (动 词 ) v.
(实义动词、系动词、情态动词、助动词)
实义动词
1. 感官类动词
I saw him crossing the street just now.
2. 有完整意义的动词,可以单独作谓语,分为及物动词 (vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)
My parents bought me a new backpack. (vt.)
It’s impolite to laugh at others. (vi.)
He arrived last night. (vi.) 无宾语
能够接词,短语,句子做宾语的是及物动词
不及物动词如果想加宾语,需要介词帮助
Verb (动 词 ) v.
(实义动词、系动词、情态动词、助动词)
II. 系动词 (本身有意义,但是不能单独作谓语,需要和表语一起构成系表结构)
1. be动词 (表主语状态的系动词)→ am is are was were
eg. He was famous as a writer.
2. 半系动词 1)持续系动词 keep,stay,remain...
2) 感知系动词 seem,look,sound,smell,taste,feel...
3)变化系动词 turn,become,get,grow, go(由好变坏)...
感知类系动词用于表示器官的感受,通常可译为“...起来”

eg.
1. Would you please keep silent a minute?
2. He seems to be asleep.
3. Your idea sounds interesting.
4. Leaves turn brown in autumn.
5. Her hair is going grey.

Verb (动 词 ) v.
(实义动词、系动词、情态动词、助动词)
III. 情态动词
表示能力,义务,必要,猜测等说话人的语气或情感;
情态动词只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。
can, may, must, need, have to, will, should, would...
eg. He can swim.
I have to hand in my homework on time.
You must be tired after your long walk.
Verb (动 词 ) v. (实义动词、系动词、情态动词、助动词)
IV. 助动词
本身意义不完整,不可单独做谓语,需要和别的动词连用,帮助构成各种时态,语态,否定句,疑问句等结构。
do, shall, will, have, be, should, would...
eg. Fish will die without water.
Look at the dark clouds. It's going to rain.
I don't like this car.
Members/Parts of a Sentence 句子成分
英语的基本成分有七种:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________和_____________________
主语(subject)、
谓语(predicate)、
表语(predicative)、
宾语(object)、
定语(attribute)、
状语(adverbial)
补语(complement)。
简单句可以归纳为
五大基本句型+There be 句型
英语句子:简单句、并列句、复合句
1. S V (主+谓)
2. S V P (主+系+表)
3. S V O (主+谓+宾)
4. S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
5. S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)
6. There be + 主语
1. 主+谓
Who │cares?
It │is raining.
The pen │writes smoothly
句子的谓语动词能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
2. 主+系+表
He │is │a student.
It │sounds │great.
句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成(复合)谓语,才能表达完整的意思。
3. 主+谓+宾
Who │knows │the answer?
He │enjoys │reading.
谓语动词具有实际意义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
4. 主+谓+间宾+直宾
I │showed │him │my pictures.
He│told │me │that the bus was late.
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,eg:give/pass/bring/show。这两个宾语通常一个指人(间接宾语);一个指物(直接宾语)。
5. 主+谓+宾+宾补
He │asked │me │to come back soon.

They │painted │the door │green.

句子中动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。
6. There be + 主语
There are 46 students in the classroom.
倒装句,主语在后。