必修2 Unit 4 高考试卷分块专练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Here is a collection of some TV series.For this list, we stick to those that have been released in recent years and we choose not to include TV hits like Game of Thrones or Sherlock.
Stranger Things
This US television series is a combination of three genres (类型)：the typical college movies where the losers rise up, the science fiction films about crazy scientists who reached their top in the 1980s and the horror movies written in the style of Stephen King.This show, starring Winona Ryder and a group of amazing kids, has managed to combine these genres so well that it has already acquired a vast army of fans worldwide.
The Pillars of the Earth
It is set in the twelfth century, a time which is considered one of the darkest and most romantic (浪漫的) periods in the history of England. Based on the best-selling novel written by Ken Follett, this TV show starring the brilliant Eddie Redmayne is widely recognized as one of the best historical TV dramas of recent years.
Mahabharata
This Indian Hindi-language series is liked by many people for being regarded as the simplest and the most fun way to learn about the age-old wisdom of the Indian people.It tells us about the kings and heroes who love, fight and make wise decisions.This drama is about the endless struggle between good and evil.
The Crown
This story about the transformation of the young Princess Elizabeth into the queen shows everything about the British monarchy (君主制)．It includes many storylines, each of which could be made into a separate TV show.The series focuses on the age-old themes of family, marriage and politics, and this is probably what makes The Crown win popularity.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四部近年来比较受观众喜爱的电视剧。
1．What do we know about Stranger Things?
A．Stephen King determined its style.
B．It consists of three children stories.
C．Most of its central characters are kids.
D．It's much more popular than Sherlock.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第一部电视剧简介中的“starring Winona Ryder and a group of amazing kids”可知，Stranger Things的主要角色大部分都是孩子。
2．Which aspect of The Pillars of the Earth is stressed in the text?
A．Its background. B．Its staff.
C．Its theme song. D．Its plot.
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第二部电视剧简介可知，文章主要强调了The Pillars of the Earth的时代背景。
3．Which TV series is more like a biography?
A．Stranger Things. B．The Pillars of the Earth.
C．Mahabharata. D．The Crown.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第四部电视剧简介中的“This story about the transformation of the young Princess Elizabeth into the queen”可知，The Crown是围绕着英国女王的成长故事展开的，比较接近个人传记类型。
4．Which of the following do the four TV series share?
A．They are highly thought of by the audience.
B．Their storylines are relatively complex.
C．They mainly discuss universal themes.
D．Their original languages are English.
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第一部电视剧简介中的“it has already acquired a vast army of fans worldwide”，第二部电视剧简介中的“is widely recognized as one of the best historical TV dramas of recent years”，第三部电视剧简介中的“is liked by many people for being regarded as the simplest and the most fun way to ...”和第四部电视剧简介中的“this is probably what makes The Crown win popularity”可推知，这四部电视剧都受到观众的好评。
B
Dessi Sieburth's love of birds started about six years ago.Now, he has his own group called Protecting Our Birds.Recently, Dessi, 14 years old, chatted with TFK about his work and goals for the future.
TFK：
What is Protecting Our Birds?
DESSI：
Birds are citizens of the world, so they need protection.I basically try to do conservation work to help birds get protected throughout the world.I recently wrote an article about a bird called the bar-tailed godwit (斑尾鹬)．I interviewed a biologist named Nils Warnock, who had studied the bar-tailed godwit.He expressed the concern about the threat that the bar-tailed godwit is facing.I wrote an article about his answers to the questions, which is published on the American Birding Association Website.
TFK：
What impelled you to start this project?
DESSI：
When I was eight years old, our class had to do a woodworking project, so I chose a bird feeder (喂食盒)．I didn't like birds at the time.I made the feeder, filled it up with seed, put it in my backyard and then the birds started coming.I got really interested in birds as more came.I later got involved in my local Audubon Society, which is devoted to conserving and restoring natural ecosystems.It really got me into birds and I realized bird populations were declining, and many are becoming endangered quite rapidly.I wanted to help them, so I started the project.
TFK：
What are some future projects you plan to work on?
DESSI：
I live in L．A., where there are a lot of parrots.Most of the parrots' native range is in Mexico, but they're really declining there because of habitat loss.I want to study the parrots and help them in their native range in Mexico, so they can start increasing again.
TFK：
How can people learn more about Protecting Our Birds and the work you're doing?
DESSI：
I have a website.It's protectingourbirds. my-free.website.There people can learn about what I do and how to help birds.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。14岁的Dessi Sieburth为了保护濒临灭绝的鸟类，他发起了“护鸟”工程。最近他接受了记者的采访，在访谈中，他谈到了启动这个工程的初衷、他做的鸟类保护工作以及未来的打算。
5．What's Nils Warnock's attitude to the bar-tailed godwit?
A．Worried. B．Changing.
C．Uncertain. D．Optimistic.
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第三段的“He expressed the concern about the threat that the bar-tailed godwit is facing.”可推知，Nils Warnock对斑尾鹬的生存前景深表忧虑。
6．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “impelled” in Paragraph 4?
A．Forbade. B．Requested.
C．Encouraged. D．Challenged.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。由第五段的内容可知，本段主要谈论了Dessi Sieburth是如何启动“护鸟”工程的，故画线词的意思为“鼓励，推动”。
7．When did Dessi start his project “Protecting Our Birds”？
A．After he prepared a feeder for birds.
B．After he interviewed Nils Warnock.
C．After he studied parrots in Mexico.
D．After he joined a local association.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第五段的“I later got involved in my local Audubon Society ... I wanted to help them, so I started the project.”可知，在Dessi Sieburth加入了当地Audubon协会，了解了鸟类的生存现状后，他才启动了“护鸟”工程。
8．What will Dessi probably do next?
A．Write articles about birds in danger.
B．Help parrots losing the natural home.
C．Set up a website to teach how to help birds.
D．Recreate his own conservation organization.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第六、七段的内容可知，Dessi Sieburth接下来会致力于保护那些失去了栖息地的鹦鹉。
C
Some pigs tend to be optimistic while others are pessimistic, according to a new research that is meaningful to animal welfare.The study, published in the journal Biology Letters, is the first to show that mood and personality interact in an animal, influencing judgment.
Asher, a researcher at the University of Newcastle's Institute of Neuroscience, and her team housed groups of pigs in two types of environment.One reflected standard commercial conditions and the other was cushier with more space and plenty of soft, deep straw.After the pigs got accustomed to these new homes over a few weeks, the researchers picked 18 pigs from each type to train and test their judgment.
“To do this, we trained each pig.In one corner of a training room there would be a bowl with chocolate sweets — pigs love them — and at the opposite side of the room there would be a bowl containing coffee beans, which pigs find bitter-tasting，” a researcher said.
Over a number of training trials, pigs learned to go to the bowl reliably when it was in the corner where they had figured out to expect chocolate sweets.On the contrary, they quickly learned to avoid the bowl when it was in the corner where they would expect to find the coffee beans.
The researchers next placed an unfamiliar bowl in different locations, to see how the pigs would react.Some gaily dashed to the bowl no matter what was inside, showing optimism that it would contain their favorite sweets.Others, however, behaved as though they expected it to contain coffee beans, displaying pessimism.
The findings suggest that a one-size-fits-all answer to animal welfare issues does not exist.Even if pigs are just equal to bacon or other meat for some people, there is still cause for concern.Studies have suggested that how an animal is treated during its lifetime can directly affect meat quality and taste.
语篇解读：本文是一篇研究报告，讲述情绪和性格在动物中的相互作用。
9．What was the study trying to figure out?
A．How to make pigs happier.
B．The similarities between humans and pigs.
C．How living environment affected pigs' mood.
D．How pigs' mood and personality affected their judgment.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“The study, published in the journal ... influencing judgment.”可知，选项D正确。
10．What does the underlined word “cushier” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Simple. B．More comfortable.
C．Unpractical. D．Less free.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“more space and plenty of soft, deep straw”可知，另一个环境很舒适。所以选项B正确。
11．Which bowl can test whether a pig is optimistic or pessimistic?
A．The bowl with chocolate sweets.
B．The bowl containing coffee beans.
C．The bowl full of both sweets and beans.
D．The bowl unfamiliar to two types of pigs.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“The researchers next placed an unfamiliar bowl in different locations, to see how the pigs would react.”以及该段后两句的对比描述可知，D选项与第五段内容一致。所以选项D正确。
12．What do the findings of the new research imply?
A．People should treat pigs equally.
B．People's health relies on meat quality.
C．People should meet pigs' various needs.
D．People's attitude toward pigs is totally wrong.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段尤其是最后一句可推知，要想获得高质量和口感好的猪肉，人们应当满足猪的多种需要。所以选项C正确。
D
According to a recent study published in Journal of Consumer Research, many people believe that healthy food must be more expensive than unhealthy food. In fact, the study's researchers found that a high price tag will even convince consumers that a certain food is healthful.
According to Rebecca Reczek, co-author of the study, the purpose of the study was to examine a popular belief. Sometimes the belief can be true: Organic produce and wild-caught seafood typically cost more money. But other times, the nutritional value of food ranks all the same.
In one experiment, Reczek's team gave a group of participants a new food product called “granola bites”. Some participants were told the product was very healthy. Other participants were told the bites had little nutritional value. Participants who were told the granola bites were good for them rated the snack as more expensive than the participants who thought the bites were unhealthy.
In another experiment, participants were given a health food bar labeled as “the healthiest protein bar on the planet”. Some participants were told the bar cost just D|S0.99, others were told the bar was D|S4. And here's what happened: The people who were given the “cheaper” bar needed to read a lot more reviews about the product when it was priced at a lower price point in order to trust that it was healthy.
The idea that we all believe healthy food needs to be more expensive works against us. All food companies need to do is push up the price to convince us.
But Reczek said, “When we shop, we don't have to be led astray. We can compare nutrition labels and we can do research before we go to the grocery store. We can use facts rather than our intuition (直觉)”．
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，人们认为越贵的食物营养价值就越高，这种想法很容易被商家利用。
13．Why did some participants regard the granola bites as more expensive?
A．Because they knew they had high nutritional value.
B．Because they had been told about the price of them.
C．Because they knew they were a new food product.
D．Because they considered them organic food.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Participants who were told the granola bites were good for them rated the snack as more expensive than the participants who thought the bites were unhealthy.”可知，他们认为这种食物价格更高是因为他们被告知这种食物对他们健康有益，即营养价值高。
14．How did some participants react when hearing the bar cost D|S0.99?
A．They considered it healthy.
B．They were doubtful about it.
C．They really wanted to buy it.
D．They were very happy about it.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The people who were given the ‘cheaper’ bar needed to read a lot more reviews about the product when it was priced at a lower price point in order to trust that it was healthy.”可知，他们对低的价格持怀疑态度。
15．According to Reczek, what should we do when we go shopping?
A．Buy food that is more expensive.
B．Consult other people for advice.
C．Pay attention to nutrition labels.
D．Avoid buying unknown food.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We can compare nutrition labels and we can do research before we go to the grocery store.”可知选C项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
It is often required to write an application for a job in your life, but do you know how to write a clear, concise and convincing application？Luckily, with a little bit of work and some knowledge, you'll be able to write the letter you need to get the job.
Understand the purpose of your application letter.__1__Fundamentally, your application should sell you as an able, successful and trustworthy person.
Present your intention.The first line in your letter should be your statement of intention.__2__ And it is often followed by a statement of where you heard about the position.
Introduce yourself.The next step is to introduce yourself.__3__In this part of the letter, state your full name and current position, show any other information that identifies yourself and try to be short and concise with this section.
__4__One of the most important things to answer is the question of why you want the position.Answering this question successfully shows you really think about it.It also shows you are a serious candidate for the position.
__5__Now that you've identified and explained yourself, you can launch into an explanation of your experiences and qualifications, which should show you are the best candidate for the job.
A．Explain why you want the position.
B．Identify how you will benefit the company.
C．Be confident, concise and clear about your application.
D．List your education, experiences and qualifications briefly.
E．This is your chance to introduce who you are to the potential boss.
F．Your application for a position is intended to obtain the position for you.
G．Often times, statements of intention should state your interest in the position.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了申请信的写作方法。
1．选F 本空承接上句，要明确求职信的目的，你申请职位的目的是为你自己获得职位。
2．选G 本空承接上句，信的第一行应该是你的意向陈述，通常情况下，意向陈述应该表明你对这个职位的兴趣。
3．选E 由本空前后的内容可知，本段主要谈论了介绍自己，这是你向可能成为你老板的人介绍你自己的机会。
4．选A 由本段的“the question of why you want the position”可知，本段主要谈论在求职信中解释你为什么想得到这个职位。成功地回答为什么要申请这个职位表明你认真思考过这个问题，也表明你是一位认真的求职者。
5．选D 由本段的“an explanation of your experiences and qualifications”可知，本段谈论简短地罗列你的教育经历、相关经验和获得的证书。
课件91张PPT。Unit4 Wildlife protection必修二知识清单(一) 基本单词
1. _________ n. 损失; 遗失; 丧失
2. _________ vt. & vi. 打猎; 猎取; 搜寻
3. _________ n. 减轻或解除; 减轻痛苦的事物
4. _________ n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 怜悯loss huntreliefmercy单词5. __________ adj. 确定的; 某一; 一定
6. __________ vt. 包含; 容纳; 容忍
7. __________ vt. 影响; 感动; 侵袭
8. __________ n. & vt. 损害; 危害
9. __________ vt. & vi. 咬; 叮; 刺痛
10. _________ n. 事件; 事变certain containaffect harm biteincident (二) 派生单词
11. ____________ vt. & vi. 减少; (使)变小
→ ____________vt. 增加
12. ____________ vi. 回答; 响应; 做出反应
→ ____________ n. 回答; 响应
13. ____________ vi. 成功
vt. 接替; 继任
→ ____________ n. 成功
→ ____________ adj. 成功的decrease increaserespond response succeedsuccesssuccessful 14. ____________ vt. 雇用; 利用
→ _____________ n. 利用; 雇用
→ ____________ n. 雇员
→ ____________ n. 雇主
15. ____________ vt. 检查; 视察
→ ____________ n. 检查; 视察employemploymentemployeeemployer inspect inspection 1. 灭亡; 逐渐消失
2. 和平地; 和睦地; 安祥地
3. 在危险中; 垂危
4. 如释重负; 松了口气
5. 保护......不受......(危害)
6. 注意
7. 形成; 产生
8. 按照; 根据......所说die out
in peace
in danger
in relief
protect from
pay attention to
come into being
according to短语It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests. 句式核心要点1. relief n. (痛苦或忧虑的) 减轻或解除; 减轻痛苦的事物
In relief Daisy burst into laughter.
（课文原句）
黛西如释重负，突然笑了起来。单词【归纳】
in relief 如释重负; 松了口气
to one’s relief
使某人感到庆幸的是
(much) to one’s relief 使人宽慰的
what a relief
真叫人宽慰 2. mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 怜悯
Farmers hunted us without mercy.
（课文原句）
农民们总是惨无人道地捕杀我们。【归纳】
① “怜悯，饶恕，宽恕”。
beg for mercy 恳请宽恕，乞怜
have mercy on sb. / show mercy to sb.
对某人表示怜悯
without mercy 无情地
at the mercy of ...
任……摆布或控制，对……无能为力 ② “幸运，恩惠”。
It’s a mercy (that) ... 幸运的是……。如：
It’s a mercy that the accident happened so near the hospital.
【拓展】
merciless adj. 毫不怜悯的，残忍的
merciful adj. 仁慈的，慈悲的3. certain adj. 确定的; 某一; 一定
They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers. （课文原句）
如果游客付给农民钱的话，他们允许游客来猎取一定数量的动物。【归纳】
certain 作形容词，“确定的，无疑的”，常作表语；也可作前置定语，“某一，某种”。常用结构如下：
be certain of 对……有把握
be certain to do sth. 肯定/确定做……be certain that ...
肯定/确定/确信……
make certain that ...
弄明白，弄清楚……
make certain of sth. / doing sth.
确保（做某事）
It is certain that ....
……是肯定/确定的【辨析】 certain & sure
certain与sure都可表示“肯定的，确定的”，都可作表语。但certain还有“某一，某种”之意，可作前置定语修饰名词，而sure无此用法。此外certain可用于It is certain that ... 结构中，而sure则常用人作主语。如：
They’re sure / certain to be late.
It was certain that they would be late.
I’m sure he’ll manage it.4. contain vt. 包含; 容纳; 克制(强烈的感情
等); 抑制
It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes. （课文原句）
它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。【归纳】
contain “包含, 含有, 容纳, 里面装有”, 指的是包含的全部内容或容量, 也可指里面所含的成分, 不用于进行时态。
include “包含”, “连…...在内, 计入, 算入, 包括”, 表示所包含之物中的一部分, 宾语往往是主语的一部分。【即时应用】
用contain/include的适当形式填空。
1) My mother was unable to ________ her anger.
2) The bottle ________ two glasses of beer.
3) The health club _________ a gym, a swimming pool and a locker room.
4) The whole book _________ 12 units, _________ two tests.containcontains?includescontainsincludingaffect vt. 影响; 感动; 侵袭【归纳】
affect sb. to tears 把某人感动得掉泪
be greatly affected 很受感动
be affected with high fever 发高烧
have an effect on/upon ... 对...…有影响【辨析】 affect/ effect/ influence
affect作动词，多指外来的行为、作用等产生的影响，侧重指消极影响，主语通常是物而不是人。如：
Their opinion will not affect my decision.
effect作名词，侧重影响的结果，常用于have a good / bad effect on / upon sth. / sb.结构中。如：
This had a great effect on the future of both mother and son.influence指通过劝说、榜样或行为，间接地、无形地、潜移默化地影响某人的思想或行为。作动词时，宾语通常是表示人、思想、性格、行为等的名词；作名词时，后常接含on，upon，over，with等的介词短语。也可指自然力的影响。如：
A teacher has great influence over his pupils.【提示】
affect 只能用作动词，除了“影响”之意，还可以引申为“感动，感染”；而 effect 用作名词，着重影响的结果，多用于短语 have an effect on，意为“影响”。【即时应用】
用affect/effect的适当形式填空。
Staying up too late will have a bad
_______ on your health.
2) The boy was absorbed in reading without being _______ by the noise outside.effectaffected5. appreciate v. 鉴赏; 感激; 意识到
You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.
（课文原句）
你们应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。【归纳】
① 作“欣赏，鉴赏”讲时，其后常接名词或代词作宾语。如：
You can’t really appreciate foreign literature in translation.② 作“感谢，感激”讲时，后面可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式（或其复合结构）以及宾语从句。如：
I appreciate your /? you making the effort to come.
I don’t appreciate being treated like a second-class citizen.
I appreciate what you’ve done for me. ③ sb. + would appreciate it if ...
“如果……某人将不胜感激”。如：
He would appreciate it if you could do him that favor.【辨析】 appreciate & thank
都可表示“感谢”，用法上有区别。appreciate后接表示“物”的名词；thank后接“人”，thank sb.或thank sb. for (doing) sth.。
【拓展】
appreciation n.?欣赏，感谢。6. succeed vi. 成功; 继承 vt. 接替; 继任
What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed? （课文原句）
如果想成功的保护野生动植物我们必须做什么? 【归纳拓展】
succeed (in) doing sth. 成功…...
succeed to sth. 继承…...
succeed sb. as ... 接替某人成为…...
success n. [U] 成功; 成就
[C] 成功的人或事物
successful adj. 成功的
successfully adv. 成功地
success n.?成功（不可数名词）；成功
的人或事（可数名词）。 【辨析】 succeed in & succeed with
都可表示“成功地做…...”。区别: 以成功的人作主语时用succeed in; 以事物作主语时用succeed with。如:
He has succeeded in the attempt.
The attempt succeeded with him.
他的那次尝试成功了。【即时应用】用上述词汇完成下列情景。
To tell the truth, I used not to be a ________ in communicating with others. But later I went to a night school and ____________ learning some social skills. Then I was __________ in making friends with many young people. Actually it’s not difficult to ___________ improving yourself. successsucceeded (in)successfulsucceed (in)7. employ vt. 雇用; 利用(时间/精力等)
Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals?
（课文原句）
可以雇佣他们在公园工作，并且不伤害动物吗? 【归纳】
be employed in... 忙于......
employ... as... 把......用作......
employ oneself on...
从事于......; 时间花在......
employ oneself (in) doing sth.
从事于/ 忙于某事
employ sb. to do sth. 雇某人做某事【即时练习】
After two years’ ______________ (失业), he has just ______________ (被雇用) by a big company. To be a good _________ (员工), he ________ (花费) all his spare time in learning about new things about the company. Soon he is promoted by his ________ (雇主).unemploymentbeen employedemployeeemploysemployer1. in peace 和睦地；安静地，平静地
About 30-40 remain after being left in peace with no hunting. （课文原句）
在没有捕杀的和平状态下，大约还有30到40只。短语【拓展】
in danger 在危险中
in relief 如释重负
in order 状态良好
in silence 沉默
in power 执政
in progress 在进行中
in surprise 惊讶地2. in danger (of) 处于危险中
Why are they in danger of disappearing? （课文原句）
为什么它们处于消失的危险中？【归纳】
in danger 在危险中，处境危险
in danger of 有……的危险，坏事或不快之事发生的可能性，其后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式（短语）。
【拓展】
out of danger 脱离危险3. die out 灭亡; 逐渐消失
As a result these endangered animals may even die out. （课文原句）
因此，这些濒危动物甚至可能灭绝。【拓展】
die away (声音/光线/风声等)逐渐消失
die down (火/情绪/风暴等)由强变弱/熄灭/
平静下来
die off (动/植物等) 相继死亡; (草木等)枯死
be dying for 很想要; 渴望【即时应用】 用适当的介/副词填空。
As the region is becoming hotter, this kind of grass is dying _____.
2) Their chatter and laughter died ______ as the group rushed out of the classroom.
3) When all the guests had left, the whole house died ______.
4) We need to take action before all the endangered animals die _____.offawaydownout4. protect ... from 保护......不受...... (危害)
“I’m protecting myself from mosquitoes.” （课文原句）
我这样做可以防止蚊虫叮咬。【拓展】
prevent ... (from) ... 阻止…...做…...
stop ... (from) ... 阻止…...做…...
keep ... (from) ... 阻止…...做...…
under one’s protection
= under the protection of sb. 受某人保护【提示】
prevent/ stop/ keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事, 在 prevent / stop ... from doing sth. 中的from在主动句中可以省略, 而在被动句中不可省略。keep ... from doing sth. 中的from在任何情况下都不能省略。5. pay attention to 注意; 关注
You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together. （课文原句）
你们应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。【拓展】
draw/ attract/ catch attention to ...
引起某人的注意
turn one’s attention to
把注意力转移到 ......
fix/ focus/ concentrate one’s
attention on/ upon
注意力集中在 ......
devote one’s attention to
把注意力放在......6. come into being 形成; 产生
They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at the time. （课文原句）
千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时它们的前景好像也很安全。【拓展】
come into existence 开始存在; 形成; 产生
come into fashion 开始流行; 风靡
come into effect 生效
come into sight/ view 看得见
come into office 就职
come into power 当权; 执政
come into use/ service 开始被使用【提示】
come into being 是不及物动词短语, 无被动形式, 也不用于进行时态。
【即时应用】完成句子。
No one knows when such a custom
_______________ (形成).
(2) A new rule will soon ______________
(生效).came into being come into effect1. It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests. as引导方式状语从句, “按照, 如同”。如：
Do as I say! 按我说的去做！
When in Rome, do as Romans do.
入乡随俗。 句式as 作连词的其他用法：
① 当......时候; 一面......一面; 随着(引导时间状语从句)
② 因为; 既然(引导原因状语从句)
③ 尽管
adv. 同样地; 例如; 被认为
prep. 作为; 如同
conj. 因为; 像; 当 ...... 之时; 像 ...... 一样; 结果; 尽管e.g.
They sang songs as they were doing farm work.
他们一边干农活, 一边唱歌。
As the wage of the job was low, there were few applicants for it.
因为工资低, 没有什么人申请这份工作。
Intelligent as she is, she works very hard.
(= Although she is clever ...)
尽管聪明, 她还是很努力。【提示】
as 意为“尽管”时, 须将表语/状语等提前, 其他成分保持陈述语序; 名词提前时, 去掉冠词。如：
Child as he was, he knew a lot.
(= Although he was a child ...)
虽然是个孩子, 但他懂得很多。2. Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.
【分析】
①本句是一个主从复合句。
②主句是Please take me to a distant land，where引导定语从句。
③在where引导的从句中包含一个由that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词animal。【仿写】
汤姆昨天带我去了一家书店，在那里我买了一本描写中国文化的书。
___________________________________
______________________________________________________________________Yesterday Tom took me to a bookstore where I bought a book that / which describes Chinese culture. 3. You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.
【分析】
①本句是一个主从复合句。
②and连接两个并列的谓语pay和appreciate； where I live是定语从句，修饰rainforest；how the animals live together是宾语从句，作appreciate的宾语。【仿写】?
警察搜查了他住的地方，知道了他是如何逃脱的。
_________________________________
_________________________________The police searched the place where he lived and knew how he escaped.【语境展示】 观察下列句子。
1. —Li Ying, come to the kitchen and help me to wash the vegetables.
—Please wait a minute. I’m being told that we will have a meeting in Beijing tomorrow.
2. A nature park is being built in this area in order to protect wild animals.
3. Some measures are being taken to prevent people destroying the forest.语法现在进行时的被动语态【自我归纳】
★ 现在进行时被动语态的构成形式：am/is/ are + being +动词的过去分词（1～3）。
★ 现在进行时的被动语态表示说话时正在进行着的被动动作（1）；也可表示现阶段正在进行着的被动动作（2和3）。【拓展】
1. 现在进行时的被动语态与always, constantly等词连用时，表示经常性的被动动作，此时往往带有赞赏、厌恶等感彩。如：
Recently my daughter is always being praised by the teachers.
To the teacher’s anger, the silly questions are always being asked by his students.2. 某些介词如under / in / on等+名词，可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。如：
The injured man in the accident is under treatment (= is being treated) in the nearest hospital now.
—Can I use the telephone?
—Sorry, it is in use (= is being used) now.【即学即练】Ⅰ. 用动词的正确形式填空。
1. Mike will have to go to work by bus as his car ______________ (repair) now.
2. A new stadium _______________ (decorate) here these days. They hope to finish it next month.
3. —What's that noise?
—Oh, let me see. The new machine ____________ (test).is being repairedis being decoratedis being tested4. The new library _________________ (complete) already and is ready for use.??
5. We are living with my parents at the moment because our house ________ _______ (rebuild).has been completedis beingrebuiltⅡ.?用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
Cellphones or mobile phones, make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere. Words and pictures 1. ________ ____ (send) throughout the world at the moment. Modern cellphones are more than just phones — they 2. _____________ (use) as cameras and radios, and to send e-mails or surf the Internet. are beingare being usedsentNew functions (功能) 3. _______________ (add) to the phones in the past few years. Now cellphones have features such as games, music and an electronic calendar that can 4. ________ (use) to remind you of appointments and important dates. Cell phones have changed our behavior and how we communicate. They 5. ____________ (use) everywhere — sometimes where they shouldn't. have been addedbe usedare being usedⅢ. 高考链接。
After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it _________________ (decorate). (安徽)
【解析】放学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果被告知阅览室正在装修。went可知应用过去的某时态；句意可知叙述正在发生的情况；it (the reading room)与decorate为被动。was being decoratedOne headmaster says that no phones 6. __________ (allow) in his school's classrooms. “If a phone starts ringing in the classroom, teachers and students 7. ____________ (disturb) and can not work.” The students obey the rules and agree not to use their phones in the classroom.are allowedare disturbed劝说性信函是向某个组织或个人提出劝说性建议的一种应用文体。
【写作指导】
劝说性信函多采用的写作步骤和常用表达：
1. 所面临的问题。常用表达：
You really want to... but...
I hear you have decided to... but I think...
What a surprise it is that you...写作如何写劝说性信函2. 提出建议，给出充足理由。常用表达：
I personally think it would be better...
First, I suggest... Second, ...
I think, you need to first... Second, you need...
I believe if you..., you will surely...
On the one hand..., on the other hand...
If you agree with me and want to...3. 简单表达自己的希望。常用表达：
I hope you will take my advice into account.
I hope you will find these suggestions practical / useful / helpful ...
注意：
1. 劝说性信函的语气要委婉。
2. 要符合英语信件的基本格式。
3. 所举理由的说服力和可信度。
1) 逻辑和论据让对方赞同你的观点。
2) 用具体事实证明观点或建议是可靠的。【写作任务】
假设你是李华，网友Tom因为家境贫寒决定辍学去赚钱。请用英语写一封信，劝他留在学校，继续读书。
注意： 1. 词数120左右；2. 参考词汇：辍学drop out of school
__________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________【参考范文】
Dear Tom,
I’m so surprised to hear that you have decided to drop out of school. I don’t think it is wise to do so. Most large companies are in need of people with knowledge, so how can you find your dream job if you choose to drop out of school so early? My elder brother once had the same idea as you, but he finally chose to study first, and now he has gained his dream job. I personally think it would be better for you to finish your studies first. Being knowledgeable and skillful helps you a lot when seeking a job. I hope you will take my advice into account.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua巩固练习I.?用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. At a(n) ________ (distant) of six miles you can't see much.
2. We should tell people the __________ (important) of banning the use of plastic bags.
3. We will pay more attention to wildlife _________ (protect) from now on.distanceimportanceprotection4. This group of chemicals is known to be ________ (harm) to people with heart disease.
5. ________ (attend), please, I have something important to say.
6. The books he found in the church looked faded, ______ (dust) and unused.
7. The picture quality is bad because the TV signal isn't ________ (power) enough.harmfulAttentiondustypowerfulII.?用合适的短语并用其正确形式填空。
die out, respond to, burst into laughter, in peace, for sure, according to, so that,
come into being
1. I know ________ that chances belong to those who are always ready.
2. She ____________ these questions?and then went out of the room.
3. Scientists have many theories about how the universe first ______________.for sureresponded tocame into being die out, respond to, burst into laughter, in peace, for sure, according to, so that,
come into being
4. People of different religions have lived together ________ for centuries in this country.
5. Many animals have ________ because of much killing and hunting.
6. Upon hearing the funny story, my little brother ________________.in peacedied outburst into laughter die out, respond to, burst into laughter, in peace, for sure, according to, so that,
come into being
7. Everything went ___________ plan, and we arrived on time.
8. Jack saved up his money ________ he might go abroad for his summer holiday.according toso thatIII.?把句子中的主动语态改写成被动语态。
1. The postman is delivering the mail.
_____________________________________
2. Are they opening the gifts now?
____________________________________The mail is being delivered by the postman.
Are the gifts being opened by them now?3. Harry Potter is measuring the room.?
___________________________________
___________________________________
4. The coach is congratulating the team at the moment.
___________________________________
___________________________________The room is being measured by Harry Potter.The team is being congratulated by the coach at the moment.Ⅳ. 阅读材料，在空白处填入适当内容
（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2007, a team of scientists led by researchers from?Yale?University?were surprised to find that an unusual monkey, 1. ________ mother had been killed, was being looked after by a school director in the?Democratic Republic of the Congo. whoseLater the team saw these same monkeys 2. _______ (live) in the wild in the rainforests of the?Lomami?Basin?close by. Though known to locals, the monkeys were unknown to international scientists and genetic tests 3. ________ (quick) showed the monkey to be a new species. Lesulas, as they 4. ________ (call) by the local population, have naked faces, long blonde hair and blue bottoms. livingquicklyare calledThe wide-eyed, pink-faced lesula gained many admirers and one newspaper even compared its face to a Rembrandt portrait. 5. _________ (describe) as shy and quiet, the lesula was added to the endangered species list as its habitat is limited 6. _______ an area of only 6,500 square miles.
Robert Kityo is a zoology professor at?Uganda's?Makerere?University. DescribedtoHe says that the lesula discovery is proof 7. _______ the eastern central basin is filled with species yet to be discovered. This new find also highlights the 8. __________ (important) of preserving, or protecting African rainforests. Many forests are threatened by 9. _______ (legal) logging and hunting. Preserving these rainforests allows new species like the lesula 10. __________ (continue) to survive.thatimportanceillegalto continue
