必修3 Unit 4 高考试卷分块专练
Ⅰ.完形填空
It was an unforgettable weekend.I had a great time at the __1__.However, after I arrived home, I noticed my owl necklace was __2__.I was so anxious that I __3__ every room in the house, but my efforts were __4__ vain.Then I decided to head back to the beach.My husband thought I was __5__， as the huge beach was nine miles from our home.How could I __6__ one tiny necklace? What if it came off in the ocean? I was __7__ to even consider that as a possibility.I knew I had to try.
After searching for several hours at the beach, I __8__ an elderly man with a metal detector (探测器) in his hand.I __9__ up to him and asked whether he had come across a necklace.He opened his hand and showed me his __10__ — some coins.He said if he saw my necklace he would __11__ return it to me.I also wanted him to have enough __12__ to mail it so I gave him a $5 bill and told him my name and my address.Then I left.
My husband __13__ me and said that he would buy me a new one.But I turned down his nice __14__， as that necklace couldn't be __15__.It was my dad who had found a special way to give me that __16__ necklace.There had been a yard sale in my community.Among the things that were put on __17__ he found the necklace.Unable to __18__ it, my dad offered to build a bookshelf for the owner as a(n) __19__.
Unexpectedly, three days later, I received a package.Inside were a $5 bill and my owl necklace.The moment I saw the necklace, I couldn't help __20__.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者在沙滩上把自己的项链丢失了，然后又回到沙滩上找，没有找到，最后被一个老人找到并寄给作者的故事。
1．A.campus B．beach
C．library D．museum
解析：选B 根据下文的“Then I decided to head back to the beach.”可知，这里应该指的是在沙滩上。
2．A.broken B．stolen
C．lost D．disappearing
解析：选C 根据下文作者后来又去沙滩上找项链可知，此处应指项链丢失了，lost“丢失的”，符合文意。
3．A.searched B．cleaned
C．occupied D．measured
解析：选A 根据上下文可知，项链丢失了，此处应该是在家里找。search表示“寻找”，符合语境。
4．A.for B．with
C．in D．at
解析：选C 根据下文的“Then I decided to head back to the beach.”可知，在家里没有找到。in vain表示“徒劳，白费功夫”，符合语境。
5．A.curious B．anxious
C．careless D．crazy
解析：选D 根据下文的“as the huge beach was nine miles from our home”可知，沙滩很大并且离家那么远，故在作者决定去沙滩寻找项链时，丈夫认为作者发疯了。
6．A.find out B．locate
C．describe D．observe
解析：选B 此处表示在一个沙滩上找一个微小的东西。locate表示“确定……的位置，定位”，符合语境，故选B项。
7．A.unable B．eager
C．prepared D．unwilling
解析：选D 前一句说项链有可能掉进了海里，这样的话，项链就不能找到了，作者显然是不愿意这种情况发生的，所以选D项。
8．A.rescued B．noticed
C．admired D．hired
解析：选B 作者寻找了几个小时后，不经意间看到(noticed)一个手里拿着金属探测器的老人。
9．A.raced B．walked
C．crawled D．approached
解析：选A 根据上下文可知，作者急切地想找到项链，所以跑向了老人。race“快速移动”。
10．A.achievement B．equipment
C．charge D．priority
解析：选A 根据上文提到的老人手里拿着金属探测器可知，他在沙滩上寻找东西，再根据作者问他是否看到一条项链时，他摊开手，手上只有几个硬币，且根据破折号可知，这里应该用achievement“成就”。
11．A.randomly B．gratefully
C．gladly D．sincerely
解析：选C 根据下文老人把找到的项链还给作者可以推知，老人此时说的应该是如果看见他会乐意(gladly)把它归还给作者。
12．A.time B．postage
C．reason D．ability
解析：选B 根据空后的“to mail it so I gave him a $5 bill and told him my name and my address”可知，作者给他邮资(postage)让他邮寄项链。
13．A.promised B．reminded
C．blamed D．comforted
解析：选D 根据上下文可知，找不到项链的作者非常着急，丈夫要给作者买一条新的，这应该是安慰作者的话，故选D，comfort“安慰”。
14．A.gesture B．invitation
C．assistance D．comment
解析：选A 本段第一句是丈夫安慰作者的话，只是丈夫展现的一个姿态(gesture)，nice gesture表示“友好的表示”。
15．A.compared B．decorated
C．replaced D．recognized
解析：选C 根据上文的“But I turned down his nice __14__”和下文的“It was my dad who had found a special way to give me that __16__ necklace.”可知，这条项链是其他项链无法替代的。
16．A.similar B．precious
C．temporary D．expensive
解析：选B 根据上下文可知，那条项链很珍贵(precious)。
17．A.schedule B．occasion
C．approval D．display
解析：选D 根据语境可知，当时社区在进行庭院旧货出售，既然父亲发现那条项链，说明当时那条项链在展出(on display)。
18．A.afford B．devote
C．preserve D．repair
解析：选A 根据下文的“my dad offered to build a bookshelf for the owner”可知，当时父亲买不起那条项链，afford“承担得起……的费用”，符合文意。
19．A.advantage B．decision
C．exchange D．reward
解析：选C 既然买不起，父亲提出给项链的主人做一个书架以换取那条项链。
20．A.laughing B．screaming
C．exciting D．crying
解析：选D 根据上文内容可知，作者的那条项链意义特殊，对作者来说非常珍贵，老人把它和作者给他的五美元邮寄费一起寄来，作者忍不住哭(crying)起来了。
Ⅱ.语法填空
The Shudao connected Xi'an, in Shaanxi Province, to Sichuan in ancient times and is more than 3,000 years old.If an adventurous holiday is __1__ one is after, then a hike along Shudao shouldn't __2__ (miss)．
I hiked along the road last year.Certain parts of it were so narrow that even two slim people could __3__ (bare) pass each other.I __4__ (bend) over from time to time to avoid bumping my head against rocks on my left.
Despite the rough ground, there are many __5__ (hide) delights appealing to tourists.Blue rivers and towering trees make up much of Shudao's landscape.The varied shapes of the clouds float low, __6__ (surround) the mountain in mist, which gives the road a fairy-tale touch.
A middle-aged man hiking along with us carried a big bamboo basket full of sand on his back.After taking __7__ break to catch his breath, he told us the sand was intended __8__ building work in higher mountains.Parting from the kind man, we headed for Zhaohua ancient town, distinguished for many historical __9__ (attract)．It is one of the __10__ (well) preserved sites featuring elements from the Three Kingdoms period (AD 220-280)．
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了作者的蜀道徒步之旅。
1．what what引导表语从句，在从句中作宾语。
2．be missed miss和句子主语“a hike along Shudao”之间是被动关系，故用被动形式。
3．barely 此处应用副词barely修饰动词pass，意为“勉强才能”。
4．bent 根据上文的“last year”可知，事情发生在过去，故此处用一般过去时。
5．hidden 根据空后的名词delights可知，空处应用形容词hidden作定语。
6．surrounding surround和句子谓语float之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词形式，又因surround和句子主语“The varied shapes of the clouds”之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。
7．a take a break意为“休息，小憩”，为固定用法，故用不定冠词a。
8．for be intended for sth.意为“为……而准备的”，故用介词for。
9．attractions 空处被形容词historical修饰，故空处应用名词形式，又由many可知，空处应填attractions。
10．best 由空前的“one of the”可知，此处表示最高级的含义，故用最高级best。
Ⅰ.语法填空
The World Health Organization (WHO) has made an appeal to scientists, drug manufacturers and governments.The WHO wants them to work together __1__ (develop) drugs to fight 12 bacteria.These bacteria __2__ (be) able to resist __3__ (power) antibiotic (抗生素) drugs.The resistance is so unusually strong that all the 12 bacteria have been given a special name “superbug”．
The United Nations agency reported this week the 12 superbugs are a threat to human __4__ (healthy)．It said they have __5__ ability to easily turn treatable infections into killers.The WHO says superbugs can also pass along genetic material __6__ helps other bacteria become resistant to drug treatment.
Marie-Paule Kieny is the Assistant Director-General at the WHO.She said, “Antibiotic resistance is growing and we are fast running out __7__ treatment options.” She urged governments to give drug companies reasons to develop new treatments.“If we leave it to market forces alone, the new antibiotics we most __8__ (urgent) need are not going to be developed in time，” she said.
Antibiotic drugs can lose their effectiveness when people take more or less than the amount __9__ (require) by doctors.When this happens, infections that __10__ (treat) at one time easily become resistant.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了世界卫生组织呼吁开发新的药物，以应对超级病菌对人类健康的威胁。
1．to develop 此处是不定式作目的状语，故填to develop。
2．are 此处表示客观的陈述，故用一般现在时；结合空前的“These bacteria”可知，应填are。
3．powerful 此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词短语，故填形容词powerful。
4．health 介词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。human health意为“人类健康”，作介词to的宾语。
5．the ability被不定式短语“to easily turn treatable infections into killers”所修饰，表示特指，故用定冠词the修饰。
6．that/which that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词genetic material。
7．of 固定搭配run out of意为“用完”，故填介词of。
8．urgently 副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子。故此处应用副词urgently修饰动词need。
9．required 分析句子结构可知，require和amount之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
10．were treated 根据时间状语“at one time”可知，treat所表示的动作发生在过去，且动词treat和infections之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
Ⅱ.短文改错
After I elected chairman of the students' union of our school, I decided to start a school English newspaper for us student. Together with five schoolmates with excellently English, I tried to cover up what was going on in our school. Beside, we took some wonderful pictures about our school life. When the first issue of the newspaper came out, it was very popular with the students. So far, I had been working as the chief editor for half a year, which helps myself a lot with my leadership skills. In my opinion, start a school newspaper can be fun, but it is an huge responsibility as well. I am really proud of that I've done.
答案：第一句：elected前加was; student→students
第二句：excellently→excellent; 去掉up
第三句：Beside→Besides
第五句：had→have; myself→me
第六句：start→starting; an→a
第七句：that→what
Ⅲ.书面表达
假如你是李华，你班交换生Amy这两天因身体不适，未能到校上课，请给她写一封邮件，要点如下：
1．表示安慰；
2．询问她是否能参加下周六学校举行的足球比赛；
3．邀请她下个月到你家共度端午节。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Dear Amy，
I am so sorry to learn that you suddenly fell ill.It's never easy to adapt to a new environment, and hopefully you'll soon get used to it.
As scheduled, our football match will take place next Saturday.I would greatly appreciate it if you could let me know whether you can take part in it by then.By the way, our traditional Dragon Boat Festival is coming next month.My family and I are all expecting your coming to enjoy the authentic festive atmosphere with us.
Don't hesitate to tell me if you need any help.Sincerely hope that you will be well soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
课件84张PPT。Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars必修三知识清单1. __________ n. 系统; 体系; 制度
2. __________ n. 学说; 理论
3. __________ n. 大气层; 气氛
4. __________ prep. 不同; 不像
5. __________ n. 链子; 连锁; 锁链system theoryatmosphere unlikechain(一) 基本单词单词6. _________ n. 气候
7. ________ vi. & vt. 碰撞; 坠落
8. ________ n. & vt. 拉(力); 拖; 牵引力
9. ________ vi. & vt. (使)浮动; (使)漂浮
n. 漂浮物climate crash pull float 10. ________ adj. 猛烈的; 激烈的; 强暴的
________ n. 暴力
11. _________ adj. 有害的
_________ n. 伤害; 害处
12. _________ vi. 存在; 生存
_________ n. 存在; 生存violent violence (二) 派生单词harmful harm exist existence 13. ________ n. 谜; 难题
vt. & vi. (使)迷惑; (使)为难
_________ adj. 令人迷惑的
_________ adj. 迷惑的puzzle puzzling puzzled 1. 及时; 终于
2. 下蛋
3. 产生; 分娩
4. 轮到某人; 接着
5. 阻止; 制止in time lay eggs give birth to in one’s turn prevent … from短语6. 感到高兴; 感到振奋
7. 既然
8. 突发; 爆发
9. 密切注视; 当心; 提防
10. 挡住(光线) cheer up now that break outwatch out forblock out1. No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago.
没有人确切知道地球是怎样开始形成的, 因为在很早以前它就形成了。
as引导的从句表示原因。句式2. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.
随后它会变成什么没人能知道, 直到38-45亿年前, 这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。
what引导主语从句。3. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.
这就产生了一系列的反应, 使得生命就有可能开始发展了。
make it ＋adj./n. for sb./sth. to do sth.4. ..., I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
… , 我发觉我被送出去很远, 步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍, 因而我摔倒了。
times as...as... 是……的几倍核心要点1. violent adj. 猛烈的; 激烈的; 强暴的
(课文原句) The earth became so violent that is was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
翻译：地球(开始)变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。单词 【归纳】
violent crime 暴力犯罪
【拓展】
violently adv. 猛烈地; 激烈地
violence n. 暴力; 暴行2. harmful adj. 有害的
harm n. 伤害, 损害
(课文原句) What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.
翻译：很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性特质溶解在海洋里。 【归纳】
be harmful to 对……有害
do harm to… 损害……
There is no harm in doing sth./
It does no harm to do sth.
做某事没有什么坏处。3. exist vi. 存在; 生存
(课文原句) They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.
翻译：它们也生蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。 【归纳】
exist on 靠……为生
exist by 以……方式为生
exist in 存在于……之中
There exists/existed... 某地有……; 存在
【拓展】
existing adj. 现有的，现存的
existence n. 存在; 生存
come into existence 产生; 成立; 开始存在
in existence 存在4. puzzle vt. 使迷惑; 使为难; 使窘困; 感到
迷惑
n. (游戏的)猜谜; 难题; 谜
(课文原句) How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve. (P27)
翻译：地球上的生命是如何开始的，科学家发现很难解释这个最大的难题。 【归纳】
puzzle over/about sth.
苦苦思索; 仔细琢磨
puzzle sth. out 琢磨出……的答案
【拓展】
puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的(常用来修饰人)
puzzling adj. 令人迷惑不解的(常用来修饰
事物)5. crash vt. & vi. 碰撞；坠落
(课文原句) that a comet crashed into the earth long ago and caused the disappearance (P29)
翻译：一颗彗星很久以前撞上了地球，导致了它的消失【归纳】
★crash作名词时，意为：①坠毁，猛撞；②碰撞声，破裂声；③暴跌，倒闭，失败；④（计算机系统的）崩溃。如：
More than one hundred people were killed in the plane crash.
The vase landed on the floor with a crash.
When the market crashed, they assumed the deal would be cancelled.
A computer crash is very costly.★crash作动词时，意为：①碰撞，撞击（常与介词into连用）；②（使）猛撞；③暴跌，倒闭，失败；④崩溃。如：
Kevin was drunk when he crashed the car.
A truck went out of control and crashed into the back of a bus.
We watched the waves crashing against the rocks.
The company crashed with debts of $20 million.
The system crashed and I lost three hours’ worth of work.6. pull n.& vt. 拉(力); 拖; 牵引力
(课文原句) As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth’s gravity.
翻译：随着火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。 【归纳】
pull apart 拆卸; 拆散
pull away (车辆等) 开走
pull down 拆毁; 摧毁 (建筑物)
pull in (车辆) 进站; 停靠
pull out 驶出; 退出
pull through 康复, 痊愈
pull up 停车1. in time 及时; 终于; 总有一天
(课文原句) They were in time to produce carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.
翻译：它(地球)猛烈的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石，最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。短语【拓展】
in no time 立刻; 马上
ahead of time 提前
at a time 每次; 逐一
at times 有时; 间或
all the time 一直, 始终
from time to time 有时; 偶尔
many a time 多次; 常常
time after time 一次又一次; 总是— Thank God you’re safe!
— I stepped back, just _____ to avoid the
racing car.?
A. in time?? ??????? ????? B. in case????
C. in need???? ??????????? D. in vain2. in one’s turn 轮到某人; 接着
(课文原句) Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.
翻译：于是，他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。 【拓展】
in turn 轮流; 依次; 逐个
take one’s turn 依次; 轮流
take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事
It’s one’s turn to do sth.
轮到某人做某事3. cheer up 感到高兴; 感到振奋
(课文原句) I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.
翻译：我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。【拓展】
cheer sb. on (赛跑/比赛等中)以喝彩声
鼓励, 为(某人)加油
cheer for... 为……欢呼
Cheers! (用于祝酒)干杯!4. block out 挡住（光线）
(课文原句) As a result of this event, a great dust cloud formed in the sky blocking out the sunlight.
翻译：这个事件的结果就是，天空形成了一团团的灰尘，遮蔽了阳光。 【归纳】block out意为：①挡住，遮住（光线或声音）；②忘掉，抹去（不愉快的事）；③草拟（大纲等）。如：
That tree in the neighbor’s yard blocks out a lot of our light.
She accuses me of having blocked out the past.
Just block out the main points for now and we’ll sort the details out later.5. break out (战争/火灾/疾病等)突发; 爆发
(课文原句) We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased.
翻译：随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。 【拓展】
break away from 突然挣脱; 逃脱
break down 出故障; 垮掉
break in 强行进入; 打断
break into sth. 突然开始
break off 断开; 中断
break through 取得突破
break up 结束，解散，分手1. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.
it是形式宾语, 真正的宾语是不定式短语to develop。it作形式宾语时常用在find/ make/ think/ consider＋it ＋adj./n.＋to do结构中。句式1. 这么坏的天气, 我们发现爬到山顶是不可能的。
We find it impossible to climb to the top of the hill in such bad weather.
2. 他认为学好英语口语对他来说是重要的。
He considered it important for him to learn spoken English well.【仿写】it作形式宾语, 除指代不定式结构外, 还可指代that引导的宾语从句。如：
They made it clear to the public that they
did an important and necessary job.
他们向公众表明: 他们所做的工作重要且必不可少。2. “Oh dear,” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”
now that引导原因状语从句, “既然, 由于”, 相当于since, 而且that可省略。下列介词短语也可以用来表示原因:
due to 由于, 归功于
because of 因为 on account of 由于, 因为
owning to 由于, 因为
thanks to 由于, 多亏(多作表语或状语)
as a result of 由于 ______?he?once?felt?like?giving?up,?he?now?
has?the?determination?to?push?further?and
keep?on?going.? (2015安徽卷)
A.?Where???B.?As???C.?In?case???D.?Now?that
考点：考查状语从句?
句意：曾经让他感到想放弃的地方，现在他决心继续前进。where表示地点，引导让步状语从句；as引导让步状语从句常用倒装，即tired as he has; in case表目的；now that表原因。这里指让他感到想放弃的地方。故选A。A语法复合句中充当句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
【要点精讲】
引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether；连接代词who, what, which；连接副词when, where, how, why等。如：
Whether you can do it by yourself mainly depends on your ability, not your age.
What I need most now is more time and more patience.
When you can finish the work is of great importance.主语从句that引导主语从句时，在句中无实际意义，只起连接作用，不作句子成分。当它引导的主语从句置于句首时，that不能省略；如果用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。如：
That the teacher will come is certain.
It is a pity (that) you made such a careless mistake.常见由it作形式主语的句型如下：
① It+ be+ n.+从句。常见名词有：fact, rule, pleasure, truth, pity等。如：
It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
It’s a rule that new members must sing a song.
② It+ be+ adj.+从句。常见形容词有：true, important, necessary, clear, certain等。如：
It’s true that the earth is round.
It was important that you rest.③ It+v.+从句。常用动词：seem, appear, happen, follow等。如：
It seems that I’ve made a mistake.
It appeared to scientists on earth that the stars had moved.
④ It+be+v-ed+主语从句。常用过去分词：known, said, proven, asked, suggested等。如：
It’s well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.
It’s said that he was a spy during the war.如果主语从句置于句首，则不能用if引导，而用whether；但如果用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导。如：
Whether Tom really saw Sharon was doubtful.
It was doubtful whether / if Tom really saw Sharon.1. _____ we?understand?things?has?a?lot?
to?do?with?what?we?feel.? (2015·北京卷)
A.?Where??B. How??C. Why??D.?When?
句意：我们如何理解事情与我们所感受的有很大关系。根据句意可知，主语从句缺少方式状语，因此选择how。故选B。?高考链接B2. Exactly?____?the?potato?was?introduced?
into?Europe?is?uncertain,?but?it?was?
probably?around?1565.?? (2014大纲卷)
A.?whether????B.?why????C.?when????D.?how??
句义：土豆确切是在何时被引进到欧洲还不确定，但是大约是在1565年左右。Whether表示“是否”，why表示“原因”；how表示“方式”。根据后半句it?was?probably?around?1565.可知本句谈论的是时间。故C正确。?C 3. (2016·北京卷) 24. Your support is important to our work. ______ you can do helps.
A. However B. Whoever
C. Whatever D. Wherever
试题分析：题目考查主语从句。helps是
谓语，“______ you can do” 是主语部
分，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何事情”，因
此用whatever引导，故选C。C4. (2016·江苏卷) 21. It is often the case ______ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
A. why B. what C. as D. that
试题分析：本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语
是连接词that引导的主语从句，连接词that在
本句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而
已，不能省略。链接副词why要在居中做状
语，连接代词what通常在居中做主语，宾语或
表语等；as通常不引导名词性从句。句意：对
于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。D用适当的连接词填空。
It is known 1. _____ homework is an
important part of school life in most
countries around the world. However, 2.
________ homework has a great educational
value is still a debate among teachers. Some
think 3. ______ homework takes too much
time away from other more useful activities.
Others see homework as reinforcing (加强)
school lessons so that 4. ______ students
have learned will not be forgotten. that? thatwhetherwhat 5. _____ is often ignored in this debate
is the role of parental involvement (参与) and
6. ________ or not the child’s home provides
support for effective (有效的) homework. It
was not clear to some people 7. _____ parental
involvement can influence the effectiveness of
homework. It is true 8. _____ parents in
low-income families don’t have the time to
make homework more important than other
things or aren’t able to afford a computer or
additional books. how WhatwhetherthatHowever, 9. _____ only middle-class
parents support their children’s education
is quite obviously wrong. Not all rich
parents give the support they should, and
some parents living in the poorest conditions
find time and energy to involve themselves
in their children’s homework.that写作【写作任务】
根据目前对某市高中生心理状况调查显示，大部分学生普遍存在的最严重的心理问题是自信心不足。主要原因有：
1. 学生交际范围狭窄；
2. 家长的期望过高；
3. 学校存在不恰当的比较和评价(evaluation)
方式。说明文写作
如何解决问题假如你是该市某英语学习报的兼职编辑，请根据以上提示信息，写一篇英文短文，点明问题，并给出合理的解决方法。
注意：1. 词数120左右。
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________【写作指导】
解决问题类说明文，是针对某一问题，向读者提出具体的解决办法。
该类文章主要包含以下内容：①问题；②产生的原因；③如何解决；④对解决办法的评价。
就本篇写作而言，可分为三个段落：
第一段：点明问题，明确需要解决的问题是学生的心理问题。
第二段：分析学生的心理问题存在的原因并提出解决问题的办法。
第三段：对所提出的解决方法进行适当论述。【常用表达】
1. Problems:
... is really a problem.?? ????
One of the difficulties is... / The question is ...
It is difficult / hard to do...??
... is a problem that we have to face.
It is of great importance for us to...??
It has become the biggest concern of...
Unless we take effective measures, it is likely that...
According to a recent survey, there are more and more ...2. Reasons:
There is no doubt that the reason why ... is that ...
The reasons for ... can be listed as follows.
The following three factors contribute to ... First of all, ... Secondly, ... Thirdly, ...3. Solutions:
It is high time that something were done to...?
We have figured out many ways to...
Only in this way can we...??????????
To solve the mentioned problems, we must...
Firstly,... Secondly, ... Finally,...????????
There might be two solutions. The first one is to...
We can solve the problem by...??
In other words, the best way to solve the problem is... 4. Conclusions:
In a word / To sum up ...?? ???????
By doing ... you will ...
With the help of ... we can manage to overcome / pull through these difficulties.
We must find out new ways to cope with any problems that would arise.【参考范文】
According to a recent survey, most high school students in our city appear to lack self-confidence,?which has been the most serious psychological problem. The reasons can be listed as follows.
The narrow range of interpersonal communication is one of the main reasons.?The high expectation from parents is often said to be another cause. Also,?there still exist some improper comparison and evaluation methods in many schools.? It’s high time that?something were done to solve the problem.?First, students should communicate more with others. Second, parents should?pay more attention to their children’s thoughts.?Finally, schools should change their comparison and evaluation methods.
In my opinion, all these changes will certainly help students build up their self-confidence as long as they are done properly. 巩固练习I. 用适当的介词填空。
1. Charles was very gentle ________ his two
kids.
2. Scientists have many theories about how
the universe first came _____ existence.
3. It was a thrilling experience for her to be
____ her first journey to the USA all alone.
4. It’s reported that fruit juices can be
harmful _____ children’s teeth. with?into? ?onto5. Some understanding of grammar is
fundamental ________ learning a
language.toas well as, in time, in one’s turn, break out, watch out for, block out, now that, give birth to II. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填
空（每个短语限用一次）。 1. I’m going to relax ___________ the school
year is over.
2. You’d better _____________ those stairs.
They are slippery.
3. We put on music to ________ the sound of
the traffic, but in vain.now thatwatch out forblock outas well as, in time, in one’s turn, break out, watch out for, block out, now that, give birth to 4. Our cat _____________ four kittens last
summer. They were really lovely.
5. Eva had not been friendly to Pete and he,
__________, was cold to her when she
came to stay.
6. I was still sleeping when the fire ________,
and then it spread quickly.give birth toin his turnbroke outas well as, in time, in one’s turn, break out, watch out for, block out, now that, give birth to 7. The Smiths arrived just ________ to catch
the last train out of town.
8. He is an excellent teacher ________ being
a fine musician.in timeas well asIII. 选用方框内合适的连接词填空（每个
连接词限用一次）。 what, that, who, how, where, whether, why, when 1. It’s surprising ________ quickly the weather
can change here.
2. It is uncertain ________ side effect the
medicine will bring about.
3. —Has it been announced ______ the
plane is to take off ?
—Yes. Half past ten.howwhatwhenwhat, that, who, how, where, whether, why, when 4. ______ the temple once stood is now a large
parking garage.
5. It never occurred to me ____ you could
succeed in persuading Jim to change his mind.
6. ________ we qualify or not depends on
how we play the next game.
7. It is still open to question _____ is to head
the group.
8. ____ these Chinese statues are in a French
museum is an important part of our story today.WherethatWhetherwhoWhyIV.?根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。
1. ___________________ (与多数系统不同), this one is very easy to use.
2. As shots rang out, the crowd
____________________ (跑向四面八方).
3. Here’s some information that may help
you sign in __________________ (首次).
4. ____________________________ (我们的问题成倍增加) since last year.Unlike most systemsran in all directionsfor the first timeOur problems have multiplied5. Jenny was ill so I sent her some flowers to _____________ (使她高兴起来).
6. Hans finally _________________ (掌握……的要领) his job after three months of training last year.
7. The population of our village was __________________________ (他们村人口的两倍).
8. The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks _____________________ (在友好的气氛中).cheer her upgot the hang oftwice as large as that of theirsin a friendly atmosphereV. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Galaxies (星系) are made up of three main things: stars, clouds of gas and dark matter. Dark matter can not be seen and scientists only know that it exists because of the effects its gravity has on matter 1. ___________ can be seen. that / which?On earth, 2. __________ (physics) such as those at the European Nuclear Research Centre 3. ________ (base) in Geneva, Switzerland, use particle (粒子) accelerators to find out 4. _____ different tiny particles are made up of by speeding them up until they crash into each other and looking at the pieces after they’ve broken 5. ________. physicists???basedwhat?up ?Similarly, by using data from NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope and Chandra X-ray Observatory, scientists are hoping to find out more 6. ________ what dark matter is by looking at what happens when dark matter bumps into things in groups of galaxies. Each bump, however, 7. ________ (take) hundreds of millions of years to take place, so they only have 8. ____ chance to look at one brief stage in the whole event. abouttakes?a? ??Nevertheless, scientists are 9. __________ (extreme) hopeful that by observing many of these bumps they can get enough pieces of the puzzle 10. ________ (create) a more complete picture of what happens.extremelyto create
