选修7 Unit 1 高考试卷分块专练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·石家庄高三联考)In the course of our lives, someone with whom we got acquainted by accident often inspires us.
Early one morning, I opened the window to find that the sun was splashed everywhere. The sunshine warmed my face, making it comfortable. I started to play my beloved violin. My mind was quite focused, my spirit firm, and my mood entirely free of worry. When I was playing the climax to the piece, a sound from next door got my attention.
I was fascinated and had a special idea: “How wonderful if we played together！” I began to play pieces by Beethoven with my neighbor, one piece after another. We played together so well that I was curious about how she or he looked. However, I couldn't figure out why the violinist next door never responded when I knocked on the door. I was extremely disappointed.
A year later, I took part in a violin competition. At the event, I made a new friend, whose name was Rita. This girl, who was my age, was deaf and dumb, but she had played the violin for eight years! I saw Rita carefully walk onto the stage. She put the violin between her neck and shoulder and began to perform. “The melody is so familiar！” I said to myself. It was unbelievable that a girl who was deaf and dumb could play such marvelous music. The audience warmly applauded her. What was even harder to believe was that the girl was my neighbor. It was fate that we should meet and become friends.
Rita's story made me realize that life is not always sunny or poetic; sometimes there are violent storms and setbacks. However, no matter what you suffer, believe in yourself and strive. You can succeed.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的邻居是位聋哑姑娘，但她却能用小提琴演奏出美妙的乐曲。作者通过这个故事告诉我们：有志者，事竟成。
1．Why was there no response every time the author knocked on his neighbor's door?
A．His neighbor had moved away.
B．His neighbor meant to decline him.
C．His neighbor was hearing-challenged.
D．His neighbor was too excited to respond.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It was unbelievable that a girl who was deaf and dumb could play such marvelous music.”并结合全文内容可知，作者的邻居就是这位聋哑女孩，她听不到敲门声所以无法回应。故C项正确。
2．What is the message conveyed in the last paragraph?
A．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
B．Happiness exists in acceptance.
C．A fall in the pit, a gain in your wit.
D．Smile to life, and you'll get a smile back.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, no matter what you suffer, believe in yourself and strive. You can succeed.”可推知，最后一段主要表达的是“有志者，事竟成”。故A项正确。
3．The author wrote this text mainly to________.
A．introduce his neighbor Rita
B．value his friendship with Rita
C．speak highly of Rita's violin skills
D．show the inspiration he got from Rita
解析：选D 写作意图题。根据第一段并结合最后一段内容可知，本文旨在告诉读者作者从邻居——聋哑女孩Rita那里得到的启示。故D项正确。
B
My cellphone rang while I was working on my computer. I looked at the phone and saw it was my 17-year-old son, Tom. I quickly picked it up. “Mom, I got a 71 on the test. I did it.” With those few words, I could feel my heart start to pound.
Living in New York State, students cannot graduate from high school unless they pass at least five exams: one in English, one in science, two in history and one in math. For most students, who work hard, attend class, and do their homework, it isn't that hard. But for Tom, who is dyslexic (朗读困难的), it is such a real challenge that some teachers have feared he would never be able to even attempt, never mind achieve.
We were honest with him about his trouble, letting him know that there was nothing to be ashamed of. Some people learn differently. If he was willing to work, we would help him find a way to do as much as he could in his academic career. All that was standing in his way was this math test. He had taken it three times and did better each time, but he continued to fail. He was starting to get a bit tired of me saying this was a marathon not a sprint (冲刺). My heart broke each time we would get the failing results.
“Mom, thanks. I love you. Thanks for believing I could do this.”
For one of the few times in my life, I really had nothing left to say. For that one brief moment I knew, really, really, knew that everything we did to help our son achieve what he wanted was worth it.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的儿子Tom患有朗读困难症，所以学习不好，而纽约的高中要求学生通过五门考试才能毕业，作为母亲，作者想尽一切办法使Tom相信他自己可以做到。经过努力Tom终于通过了考试。
4．What does the underlined word“pound” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Sink suddenly. B．Beat wildly.
C．Ache violently. D．Break totally.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Mom, I got a 71 on the test. I did it.”并结合下文内容可推断，作者的儿子有朗读困难症，数学考了三次都没及格，这次他考了71分，通过了考试，故作者应该会感到非常激动，心怦怦直跳。故pound应意为“(心脏)剧烈地跳动”，即beat wildly。故答案选B。
5．According to the text, Tom was weak in ________.
A．English B．science
C．history D．math
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“All that was standing in his way was this math test. He had taken it three times and did better each time, but he continued to fail.”可知，Tom不擅长数学，考了三次都没有及格。故答案选D。
6．How did the writer feel when she wrote this text?
A．She felt proud and satisfied.
B．She felt surprised and bitter.
C．She felt grateful and relaxed.
D．She felt worried and anxious.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“For that one brief moment I knew, really, really, knew that everything we did to help our son achieve what he wanted was worth it.”可推断，作者对儿子最后通过考试很满意，也为儿子感到骄傲。故答案选A。
7．What can be the best title for the text?
A．A Mother's Love That Made the Grade
B．A Student Who Struggled for a Diploma
C．Failure Is the Mother of Success
D．Life Is Not a Sprint but a Marathon
解析：选A 标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，作者的儿子Tom患有朗读困难症，所以学习不好，而纽约的高中要求学生通过五门考试才能毕业，作为母亲，作者想尽一切办法使Tom相信他自己可以做到。经过努力Tom终于考了71分通过了考试。由此可推断，是母亲的爱使Tom获得了成功。A项符合文章主旨，适合做标题。故答案选A。
C
Children should start learning Shakespeare at the age of four before they are faced with the difficulty with the language, says a study published recently.
Lessons should begin before pupils start secondary school, because many teenagers begin to dislike the plays, says the report. All pupils should also see at least one performance of a Shakespeare's play.
The recommendations have been made in a Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) document, contemplating why school children show less and less interest in drama.
The RSC has warned that children_are_being_turned_off_Shakespeare_because_of_the _way_they_are_taught_in_schools_and_a_lack_of_opportunities_to_see_plays_performed_live. Jacqui O'Hanlon, the head of education at the RSC, said, “We've seen teachers working extremely well in class. There's been a lot of success with 4-year-olds. With primary school kids, there isn't a fear factor because they've never heard of him. What we do with children from the age of 8 is to unfold the story piece by piece and show them the key moments of drama.”
Shakespeare is compulsory in secondary school. Pupils between the ages of 11 and 14 must study at least one play.
An educator who is in charge of England's exams said a review of the primary school courses would be a chance to decide if it should be taught to younger pupils. And as part of the RSC task, more courses will be developed to help teachers lead lessons on plays.
Tamsin Greig, the actress, who won an Olivier Award for her performance in Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing last year, said, “Give children the chance to play with words, ideas and stories, and boredom will have no place.”
语篇解读：本文主要论述了孩子们应该在四岁时就开始接触莎士比亚的戏剧，建议孩子在上初中之前就开始学习莎士比亚的作品。
8．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A．Secondary schools don't offer lessons on Shakespeare.
B．Children at the age of four have more abilities to do things.
C．Early contact and learning help students better understand Shakespeare's plays.
D．Language is a problem for all children in learning Shakespeare and acting well.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段提到的“小孩子四岁时就应该开始学习莎士比亚的戏剧”以及第二段提到的“学生们在上中学之前就应该开始学习莎士比亚的课程”可知，前两段均在鼓励学生尽早接触莎士比亚的作品，故选C项。
9．What does the underlined part in the fourth paragraph imply?
A．Proper guidance is necessary in learning Shakespeare.
B．Shakespeare was once children's favorite lesson.
C．Shakespeare becomes out of date for children.
D．School children always like new things and popular food.
解析：选A 句意理解题。画线部分句意为：孩子们对莎士比亚失去兴趣是因为他们在学校受教育的方式以及缺少机会去看莎士比亚戏剧的现场表演。因此说明“孩子们学习莎士比亚需要学校的指导(guidance)以及观看演出的机会”，A项“适当地引导孩子学习莎士比亚是必要的”符合句意，故选A项。
10．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Shakespeare is compulsory in primary school.
B．Children between 11 and 14 must be taught acting.
C．Children aged 8 should be taught to write stories.
D．Tamsin Greig once acted in a Shakespeare's play.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Tamsin Greig, the actress, who won an Olivier Award for her performance in Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing ...”可知，她曾经出演过莎士比亚的戏剧，故选D项。
11．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Teach Children Shakespeare at an Early Age
B．A Great Dramatist — Shakespeare
C．A Compulsory Lesson in Secondary School
D．Teach Children to Read from the Age of Four
解析：选A 标题归纳题。纵观全文，本文主要论述了孩子们应该在四岁时就开始学习莎士比亚的戏剧，虽然在初中时莎士比亚戏剧为必修课，但是建议孩子在上初中之前就开始学习莎士比亚的作品，全文主要提倡“teach children Shakespeare at an early age”，即在早些时候就开始教孩子们学习莎士比亚的作品，故选A项。
D
(2018·厦门高三检测)A study by the British government has discovered the mental well-being of the country's teenage girls has worsened.
The survey, which included 30,000 14-year-old students in 2005 and 2014, showed 37 percent of girls with psychological stress, up from 34 percent in 2005. British boys' stress level was actually seen to fall over the same time period, from 17 percent to 15 percent. The report's authors pointed out the “appearance of the social media age” could be a major contributing factor for increasing stress among teenage British girls.
“The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical, cognitive and emotional development，” Pam Ramsden, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom, wrote in a blog post. “Teenagers interact with people in order to learn how to become competent adults. In the past, they would engage with parents, teachers and other adults in their community as well as extended family members and friends. Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.”
Throughout adolescence, girls and boys develop characteristics like confidence and self-control. Since teenage brains have not completely developed, teens don't have the cognitive awareness and impulse control to keep from posting inappropriate content. Furthermore, this content can easily be circulated far and wide with disastrous implications.
“Social media can also feed into girls' insecurities about their appearance，” Ramsden said. “These sites are often filled with images of people with body type unattainable to the normal person. However, these images and the messages tied to them creep into social standards.”
“Social media allows girls to make comparisons among friends as well as celebrities and then provides them with ‘solutions’ such as extreme dieting tips and workouts to reach their goals，” Ramsden said.“Concerns about body image can negatively impact their quality of life preventing them from having healthy relationships and taking up time that could be better spent developing other aspects of their personalities.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。英国政府一项研究发现，英国女生的心理健康变得越来越糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的出现是英国女生心理压力加大的主要因素。
12．How does the survey tell us the negative impact of social media?
A．By making experiments.
B．By raising a question.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By analyzing causes and effects.
解析：选D 写作手法题。通读全文可知，文章第一、二段分析了社交媒体对女生的影响造成的结果：女生的心理压力比男生大，心理越来越不健康；第三到六段详细说明了社交媒体对女生造成影响的表现、缘由。据此可知，本文是通过分析影响的起因和影响的结果来告诉我们社交媒体对女生产生的负面影响。故选D。
13．What is Ramsden's attitude toward the images with fine body shape?
A．Supportive. B．Indifferent.
C．Critical. D．Concerned.
解析：选C 观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Ramsden对关注身材是持批评态度的。故选C。
14．According to the last paragraph, it is necessary for teenagers ________.
A．to get rid of the bad effects of social media
B．to follow the celebrities' example
C．to be concerned about their body image
D．to make comparisons among friends
解析：选A 推理判断题。通读最后一段可知，该段主要阐述了社交媒体对青少年尤其是女生造成的负面影响，包括在朋友之间形成攀比心理、把时间浪费在过度关注身材上等；据此可以判断，青少年应当消除社交媒体的负面影响。故选A。
15．What does this text mainly tell us?
A．The well-being of teenagers in Britain.
B．The social media's negative effect on teenagers.
C．The development of teenagers in Britain.
D．How to interact with teenagers in Britain.
解析：选B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了社交媒体对英国青少年尤其是女生的负面影响，包括在朋友中形成攀比心理、过度关注身材而忽视其他能力的发展，形成心理压力等，B项最能概括文意。故选B。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Should We Get Rid of Cash?
When it comes to money, many people still think of the paper bill in their wallets. For years, cash (or paper currency) has played an important role in our daily activity.__1__
The idea first came up when he read a statistic report about currency distribution released by the US Treasury, the department in control of the central bank. __2__ On the other hand, border states like Florida and California, which were heavily involved in drug trafficking (贩毒), see an ever increasing need for large bills.
Rogoff argues that most big bills in circulation were being used for one of two purposes. Profit-motivated crimes such as illegal gambling, drugs, prostitution, loan sharking, the fencing of stolen merchandise take up a major part. Tax evasion (逃税) by people who arrange to receive cash income and don't report it also contribute to its popularity.__3__
However, the total amount of cash issued by government is still booming. The government don't know where it goes. __4__ But they are happy to know that it's popular, because they make money by making money — about $70 billion a year. It is unlikely that they can enjoy such benefit though. If taken into account the human cost, the enforcement cost, the tax loss, these visible profits will be easily offset.
__5__ Here's a typical opinion: “The day we go cashless, the government will be able to track your every move. This is nothing more than a call for dictatorship.”
A．He strongly urged the government to do something about it.
B．They don't know who's using it.
C．There are other people who see cash very differently.
D．The problem is that it also aids crime.
E．But Harvard professor Ken Rogoff is now appealing to the government to put it into extinction.
F．He noticed that some regions, like the Midwest, had almost no demand for the $100 bills.
G．But its popularity is slowly decreasing as we have more ways to pay, according to Harvard professor Ken Rogoff.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章以“金钱”为切入点，主要讨论了是否应该取消现金的问题。
1．选E 空格前提到现金在我们的日常活动中起重要作用，再结合第二段第一句中的“The idea first came up when he read a statistic report”可以判断，空格处应指但是有人认为应该取消现金。E项承上启下，符合语境。故E项正确。
2．选F 空格前提到Rogoff读过一份货币流通的统计报告；空格后提到另一方面，一些涉及大量贩毒的边境地区需要大面额纸币，故空格处应介绍Rogoff从报告中获取的关于不需要大面额现金的信息。F项“他注意到一些地区，像中东，几乎不需要100美元面额的钞票”，符合语境。故F项正确。
3．选A 该段介绍了大面额钞票的两种非法用途：非法获取高额利润和逃税。据此可以判断，空格处应为Rogoff对此的看法。A项“他强烈要求政府对此采取措施”承接上文，符合语境。故A项正确。
4．选B 根据空格上一句“The government don't know where it goes.”可知，政府不知道这些钱去哪了；据此可以判断，B项“他们也不知道谁在使用这些现金”与上句相呼应，都是政府的表现。故B项正确。
5．选C 根据空格下一句可知，本段陈述的是对于现金的另外一个观点；据此可判断，C项“也有人对现金有不同看法”，符合语境。故C项正确。
课件100张PPT。Unit1 Living well选修七知识归纳知识清单1. _________ n. 听力; 听觉
2. _________ n. 视力
3. __________ n. 口授; 听写（的文字）
4. _______ adj. 吵闹的; 嘈杂的
5. _______ n. 项目; 进入; 入口
6. ____________ n. 显微镜
7. _________ adj. 同伴的; 同类的
n. 同伴; 同志
8. _______ n. 公司 adj. 结实的; 坚固的hearingeyesightdictationnoisyentrymicroscopefellowfirm(一) 基本单词单词9. ___________ n. 软件
10. _______ n. (盛液体、气体的)大容器;
大桶
11. __________ n. 陆龟; 龟
12. ______________ n. 鼓励; 奖励
13. _______ n. 政治
14. ________ n. 奴隶制
15. ___________ n. 文学; 著作; 文献
16. __________ n. 协助; 援助softwaretanktortoiseencouragementpoliticsslaveryliteratureassistance17. __________ n. 建筑师
18. __________ n. 地下室
19. __________ adv. 向外
20. ______ n. 出口; 离开; 退场
21. ________ n. 尊严; 高贵的品质
22. ___________ n. 社区; 团体; 社会
23. _________ n. 保龄球
24. __________ n. 证书 architectbasementoutwardsexitdignitycommunitybowlingcertificate25. _________ adj. 拙笨的; 不雅观的
26. _________adj. 外向的; 友好的; 外出的
27. __________ vt. 废除; 废止
28. ___________ adj. 足够的; 充分的
29. __________ adj. 方便的; 手边的, 附近的
30. _________ n. 收益; 利润; 盈利
31. ________ v. 辞职; 辞去工作、职位clumsyoutgoingabolishadequatehandyprofitresign32. _________n. 伤残; 无能→________ adj. 伤残的
33. ________ n. 雄心/野心; →_________ adj. 有雄心的
34. _______ adj. 适合的/适宜的→ ____ v. 适合
35. __________ adj. 有益的; 受益的→ ________ vt. 有益于→________ n. 益处; 好处
36. ________ n. 缺席→_______ adj. 缺席的disabilitydisabledambitionambitioussuitablesuitbeneficialbenefitbenefitabsenceabsent(二) 派生单词37. ________ n. 行为; 品行→ vt. _________________
38. ___________ n. 同伴; 伙伴→company n.
________________→accompany
vt.__________________
39. __________ n. 毕业(典礼)→___________ vi. 毕业
40. __________ n. 赞成; 认可→approve v.
____________conduct指挥, 管理, 主持companion公司, 同伴, 交情陪伴, 伴随, 伴奏graduationgraduateapproval批准, 赞成41. _______ vt.使适应; 改编→adaptable adj.
___________________________
42. ________ vt. 惹恼→_________ adj. 生气的; 恼火的
43. _____________ vt.祝贺; 庆贺→_____________ n. 祝贺; 贺词
44. ________ n. 方法; 通路; 接近→
__________ adj. 可接近的; 可进入的; 可
使用的adapt能适应的, 能适用的, 改编的annoyannoyedcongratulatecongratulationaccessaccessible1. _______________ 适合……
2. _______________ ……对……有益
3. _______________ 换句话说
4. _______________ 此外; 而且
5. _______________ 适应; 习惯于
6. _______________ 切去; 省略; 停止做
7. _______________ 上气不接下气
8. _______________ 总而言之be suitable forbe beneficial toin other wordsin additionadapt tocut outout of breathall in all短语9. ________________ 和; 也
10. _______________ 在很多方面
11. _______________ 取笑
12. _______________ 不必担心; 没关系
13. _______________ 祝一切顺利
14. _______________ 遇到; 会晤
15. _______________ 闲坐着as well asin many ways make fun ofnever mindall the best meet withsit around/about1. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.
“as＋形容词＋as”的结构是用来比较说明前后两者在某方面相同。2. I read in the newspaper today that you
are to be the architect for the new
Bankstown cinema.
be＋to do 句型表示一种“可能”或“应该”发生
的事情。句式核心要点1. suitable adj. 适合的; 适宜的
Although some may think the cinema is noisy, it is suitable for Sally’s condition.
（课文原句）
虽然有的人可能认为电影院会吵，但对于萨利的情况是适合的。单词 固定搭配, “be suitable for…, 适合……”
I?do?not?think?some?films?are ________ (suit)?for?the?school?students.辨析：suitable, appropriate, fit & proper1) suitable意味着适合某种情况。
e.g. He was just not suitable for the job. 他就是不适合干这份工作。suitable2) appropriate指适合于特殊的人及场
合, 地位等, 强调自然具备适宜的性质。
e.g. Dress neatly and attractively in an outfit
appropriate to the job. 着装要整洁美观, 适合于这份工作。
3) fit意为某人或某物在目的上用途上适合。
e.g. This dress doesn’t fit me. 这件衣服不适合我穿。4) proper含有生来就具备适宜性质的含
义, 还表示某物具有它应当具备的性
质。
e.g. He wondered whether it would be
proper to knock at her door. 他不知道敲她的门是否恰当。2. adapt vt. 使适应; 改编
Unfortunately, the doctors don’t know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and gave learned to adapt to my disability.
（课文原句）
不幸的是，医生们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。 【归纳】
adapt to... 适应……
adapt sth. (for...) (为……)把某物改编;
(为……)把某物改装
adapt sth. from... 根据……改编某物
adapt oneself to... 使自己适应……
(to为介词)e.g. He has not yet adapted to the climate.
他还没适应这种气候。
The materials can be adapted for use with
older children.
这些材料改一下可以给大一点的孩子用。
The TV play is adapted from a true story.
这部电视剧改编自真人真事。
It took him a while to adapt himself to his
new surroundings.
他过了好一阵子才适应新环境。【拓展】
adaptation n. 适应, 改编本, 改写本
adaptable adj. 能适应的, 有适应能力的
【温馨提示】
adapt ≠ adopt, adopt意为“收养; 采纳”。3. annoy vt. 使烦恼, 使恼怒
The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed, and I just ignore them. （课文原句）
还有些同学看不到我的内心世界，但我并不生气，只是不会理会他们罢了。 强调经常的、不断的干扰、激怒苦恼。
只用作及物动词, 其后多接名词、代词
作宾语。
【归纳】
annoy表示“因……而生气”时, 常用于
be ～ed 结构。be annoyed后常接介词
at, by, with, 介词with之后一般只接
人; be annoyed之后还常接动词不定式
或that从句。 be annoyed结构一般不用very修饰, 但可用much或very much修饰。如:温馨提示:We can annoy the enemy by raids. 我们可用袭击骚扰敌人。
She is annoyed that he has not answered her letter. 他没有给她回信使她很恼怒。4. resign vi & vt. 辞去; 辞职
Wilberforce then resigned from government in 1825 and died in 1833.
（课文原句）
之后，威伯福斯于1825年辞去了政府的工作，1833年去世。 【归纳】
常见固定短语：resign as; resign sth. as sth.
辞去……
e.g. He is still on the board, but he resigned as
chairman some months ago. 他仍在董事会,
但几个月前他辞去了董事长职务。
He was forced to resign his position as
headmaster of the school because of ill
health. 由于身体欠佳, 他被迫辞去校长的
职务。5. congratulate vt. 祝贺, 庆贺
【归纳】
congratulate sb. on sth./doing sth.
就……向某人祝贺
【拓展】
congratulation n. 祝贺, 恭喜6. Adequate access for wheelchairs.
（课文原句）
为乘坐轮椅的人提供充足的便利。
access n. (接近的)方法; 通路; 可接近性【归纳】
作名词, 其后常接介词to; 作“(使用某物
或接近某人的)机会或权利”讲, 常用于
have / gain / get access to ... 结构, 其中to是
介词。
作动词, 意为：①获取, 访问(计算机信息
等); ②到达, 进入, 使用。
【拓展】
accessible adj. 可进入的, 可使用的, 可得到的,
易到达的e.g. Every student has free access to the
library. 每位学生都可自由利用图书馆。 温馨提示:access 及其accessible
常与介词 to 连用, 使用时请注意！e.g. The access to success is to make good use of the access to education.
通向成功的方法是好好利用受教育的机会。
Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be accessible to the kids.
为确保不让孩子们接触到药, 弗兰克将药放到顶部的抽屉里。 adequate adj. 足够的; 适当的; 能胜任的
【归纳】
adequate在句中多用作表语, 后接介词to表
示“恰当的”, “称职的”, “令人满意的”, 接介词
for表示“足够的”。adequate有时也可用作
定语。
adequate不用于比较等级。
e.g. They had money adequate for the cost of
the journey. 他们的钱足够这次旅行的费用。 辨析：adequate, enough & sufficient
这些形容词均含“足够的, 充足的”之意。
adequate指数量上足够, 质量上适当。
enough最普通用词, 口语、书面语可用, 较侧重分量或数量的足够, 多指希望的满足。
sufficient正式用词, 侧重数目或数量或程度达到某一特定要求或需要。1. in other words 换句话说
In other words, there are not many people like me. （课文原句）
换句话说，世界上像我这样的人并不多见。短语 【拓展】
beyond words 无法用语言形容
break one’s word 失信, 食言
get in a word 插嘴, 插话
have a word with sb. 与某人谈一谈
in one’s own words 用自己的话说
in a word 简而言之, 一句话e.g. They asked him to leave, in other
words, he was fired.
他们请他离开, 也就是说, 他被解雇了。
Could I have a word with you after the
meeting?
会后我们可否谈谈？keep one’s word 遵守诺言
without a word 没说一句话
word for word 逐字地It’s?so?nice?to?hear?from?her?again.?_____,?welast?met?more?than?thirty?years?ago.?
A.?What’s?more???
B.?That’s?to?say?
C.?In?other?words??
D.?Believe?it?or?not2. cut out
I think I had at least a billion tests, including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope. （课文原句）
我想我至少做过十亿次检查了。包括有一次检查，他们从我的腿部切下来一小块肌肉，放在显微镜下观察。 【归纳】
①切去, 删去。如：
The surgeon cut out all the diseased tissue.
Let’s cut out the unimportant details.
②停止(做某事)。如：
Let’s cut out the talking and get back to
work!
③剪裁, 剪下来。如：
A tailor cuts out a coat from the roll of cloth.【拓展】含cut的常用短语：
cut down 压缩, 削减(数量、开支等), 砍倒
cut in 插嘴, 夹塞, 超车, 干预
cut off 切断, 停掉, 隔绝
cut up 切碎My?uncle?hasn’t?been?able?to?quit?smoking,?
but?at?least?he?has?_____.????(2013 陕西)
A.?cut?out??????? B.?cut?down????
C.?cut?up?????? D.?cut?off?
【解析】我叔叔还未能戒烟，但至少他已经少抽了。A项“裁剪，停止”；B项“裁短，减少”；C项“切碎，砍伤”；D项“砍下，切断”。3. out of breath 上气不接下气
=short of breath
So sometimes some children in my primary school would laugh, when I got out of breath after running a short way or had to stop and rest halfway up the stairs. （课文原句）
因此，当我跑了很短的一段路的时候，我就会喘不过起来，或是爬楼梯才爬到一半就得停下来休息。因此，上小学时有的孩子见了我这种情况就会笑话我。 【归纳】
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
in the next breath 瞬息间
take one’s breath away (因惊讶、高兴
或恐惧而)使某人目瞪口呆, 大吃一惊
under one’s breath 低声地【拓展】
out of balance 失去平衡
out of date / style 过时的
out of control 失去控制
out of business 停业
out of work 失业
out of the ordinary 不寻常的
out of touch 失去联系 out of the question
不可能的, 不值得讨论的
out of question 毫无疑问
out of order 次序颠倒, 发生故障
out of respect 出于尊敬4. as well as 和; 也
As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets. （课文原句）
除了同我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛，我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。1) as well as 可连接并列的单词或短语。
e.g. It is unpleasant in summer as well as in
winter. 夏天不好过, 冬天也不好过。
2) as well as 连接两个谓语动词时, 它们的时
态应保持一致。
e.g. We are repairing the roof as well as
painting the walls. 我们在粉刷墙壁同时也在修理屋顶。 3) as well as与动词连用时, 其后可用v.-ing形式,
尤其as well as位于句首时, 此时相当于in
addition to。
e.g. As well as breaking his leg, he hurt his arm. 他不但摔断了腿, 而且还伤了胳膊。
4) 如果as well as 前面是动词不定式, 那么其后的动词也是不定式, 但to要省略。
e.g. You cannot expect her to do the housework
as well as look after the children. 你不可能叫她既照顾孩子又做家务。 5) 由as well as 连接的复合主语并不影响谓语动
词的数。 e.g. Helen as well as I is eager to see the
performance. 海伦和我一样急于要看演出。
6) as well as 连接的人称代词既可以是主格也可以是宾格, 但句意不同。 e.g. They have invited you as well as me. 他们邀请了我, 也邀请了你。（you和me都
作invited的宾语） 7) as well as 用于肯定结构和否定结构中, 其意义不同。as well as和not搭配使用, as well as位于not前时, 两者均否定; 位于not后时, 否定前者, 肯定后者。 George, as well as his brother, has gone abroad. 乔治和他兄弟一样都出国了。
8) as well as 在意义上通常强调前者, 而not only …but also在意义上则强调后者。
He’s got a car as well as a motorbike. 他不但有一辆摩托车, 而且有一辆小汽车。 The?famous?musician,?as?well?as?his?students,?_______?to?perform?at?the?opening?ceremony?of?the?2012?Taipei?Flower?Expo.? (2013, 福建)
A.?were?invited?????? B.?was?invited?????
C.?have?been?invited??? D.?has?been?invited?
【解析】as?well?as?连接两个主语时，看第一个主语;?又根据at?the?opening?ceremony?of
the?2012?Taipei?Flower?Expo得知用一般过去时。1. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.
“as＋形容词＋as”的结构是用来比较说明前后两者在某方面相同。
这种结构有时也可以和形容词与名词连用, 其中的形容词必须放在冠词之前, 形成“as＋形容词＋a/an＋名词＋as”的结构。句式①Look, a man whose face is as black as coal is coming towards us.
看, 一个脸似煤炭般黑的人朝我们走过来了。
②It is as clear a day as it was yesterday.
今天的天气与昨天的一样晴朗。2. I read in the newspaper today that you
are to be the architect for the new
Bankstown cinema.
be＋to do 句型
该句式中不定式作表语, 有以下常见用
法：
1) be to do...用于第一人称疑问句中, 表示征
求对方意见。如：
What are we to do next？
我们下一步该怎么办？2) 表示按约定、计划, 或按职责、义务、要
求等即将发生的动作, 这是将来时的一种
用法。如：
We are to meet at the station at four this
afternoon. 我们今天下午4点在车站见面。
3) 表示必须或应该, 在意义上等于must,
should, ought to 或have to。如：
This medicine is to be taken three times a
day. 这种药一天要服三次。4) 用来表示注定要发生或不可避免要发生
的事。如：
His theory was to change the views on the
universe.
他的理论势必要改变(人类)对宇宙的看
法。I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. A(n) _________ (ambition) child usually works hard.
2. I hope the arrangements will meet with your ________ (approve).
3. She told the story with a complete ________ (absent) of any humour.absenceambitiousapproval4. He always gets ________ (annoy) when I beat him at cards; he’s a bad loser.
5. Some soils are not ________ (suit) for farming.
6. We had to remove the lock on the door to gain ______ (enter).
7. Although they have some physical __________(ability), they are still as valuable as we are.
8. For years ________ (hear) loss has been considered just a normal part of getting old.hearingannoyedsuitableentrydisabilities9. What do you plan to do after ___________ (graduate)?
10. May I offer my _______________ (congratulate) on your promotion??
11. He owed his success to his wife’s
______________ (encourage).
12. Despite his cries no one came to his __________ (assist).assistancegraduation congratulations ???encouragement13. The bus was packed with ______ (noise) schoolchildren.
14. Sports are _________ (benefit) to building up our bodies.
15. The city is easily _________ (access) by road, rail or air.accessiblenoisybeneficialII. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子(每空一词)。
1. She _____ ________ (闲坐着) all day and watched me clean the house.
2. When he moved to Canada, the children ________ _____ (适应) the change very well.
3. Let’s _____ _____ (删掉) the unimportant details.cut outsat aroundadapted to4. Be serious, John! Don’t ______ _____ ___ (取笑) your brother.
5. No matter what difficulty you will ______ _____ (遭遇), carry out your plan.
6. My grandfather grows flowers?___ ____ ___ (和) vegetables in his garden.
7. The two cities are different?___ _____ _____ (在很多方面).in many waysmake fun of ?withas well asmeet8. He was economical with the truth — ____ ______ ______ (换句话说), he was lying.
9. I was?____ ___ _______ (上气不接下气)?after running for the bus.
10. _____ ___ ____ (总而言之), it was a wonderful experience.All in allin other wordsout of breath ??语法【归纳1】
不定式有两种形式：带to的不定式和不带to的不定式。不定式在句子中可作主语、表语、定语、宾语（句5）、状语、主语补足语和宾语补足语。动词不定式e.g.
1. To say something is one thing; to do it is another.
2. It is necessary to keep the brushes in water.
3. One of the aims is to find new food sources.
4. Rose was the first person to work out the problem.
5. Joe wanted to study physics and do research.
6. Water the plants to make them grow.
7. The young man was considered to have great promise.
8. They made the boy go to bed early. 【归纳2】
1. 不定式的否定形式是在不定式符号to前加not 。
2. 不定式的形式及含义:e.g.
1. The teacher told the student not to be late again.
2. I’m glad to see you.
3. Although it was expensive, we decided to buy it.
4. The weather seems to be improving.
5. There is no need to have bought a new sweater for me.
6. I wish to be excused.
7. The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
?????? Mike drove to a remote border town alone. He didn’t stop the car 1. ________ (take) a break although he was feeling tired. As a result, a traffic accident occurred, which caused him 2. ______
________ (trap) inside the car. Fortunately a girl who happened to pass by volunteered? 3. ________ (save) him, only 4. ________ (find) Mike was completely locked in the car.to findto take?to beto save?trapped?After calling an ambulance, she managed 5. ________ (give) him first aid, using the method she had learned at school. Soon, Mike was rushed to hospital in an ambulance. It took him three months 6. __________ (recover) from his injuries.
?????? The girl named Mary felt pleased 7. ____________ (do) such a great thing, though she realized the car may have exploded. When interviewed, she said, “I’ve also met with ato have doneto giveto recovertraffic accident. A kind passer -by saved my life but he was killed. I was the only one 8. ________ _________ (survive) the crash. The man was said 9. _______________ (work) on the road helping people in need for ten years. I was too moved even to speak when hearing the story. Therefore, I determined 10. ________ (stay) here and give people in need a helping hand.”to stayto haveto have workedsurvived?选择填空。
_____the?early?flight, we?ordered?a?taxi?in?
advance?and?got?up?very?early.? (2015北京)
A. Catching.???? ?B. Caught.?????
C. To?catch.???? D. Catch?
【解析】?为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we，用不定式作目的状语，表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。应抓住逻辑主语与从句的关系，从句意中看出句子中缺少的成份。用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only ______ (find) it didn’t fit. (2014天津)
2. Group activities will be organized after class ______ (help) children develop team spirit. (2014重庆)
3. There are still many problems __________ (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. (2014北京)to findto be solvedto help4. Volunteering gives you a chance _________ (change) lives, including your own.
(2013北京)
5. The airport ______________ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. (2013四川)
6. ________ (make) it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.
(2016北京)to changeTo maketo be completed7. ________ (catch) the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. (2015北京)
8. Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students _______ (talk) over what is bothering them. (2015湖南)
9. I stopped the car ______ (take) a short break as I was feeling tired.
(2013山东)To catchto taketo talk写作如何写建议信【写作任务】
假设你是李华，你所在的社区将建一个大型购物商场，考虑到残疾人的需要，请你根据提示给负责该项目的英国设计师Steve写一封建议信。要点如下：1. 购物中心的入口处应建轮椅坡道(ramp)，入口通道应设有盲道；
2. 商场内应设残疾人专用通道和卫生间；???
3. 货架高度的设计应考虑坐轮椅的残疾人。
注意：1. 词数120左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Steve,
______________________________________
______________________________________
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Yours sincerely,
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Li Hua【写作指导】
这是一封建议信。建议信是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告，以便让对方接受自己的想法、主张并解决有关问题。建议信可以写给个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法或观点；也可以写给某个组织或者机构，就改进其服务等提出建议或忠告。建议信要给出写信的原因，建议的内容，提出建议的理由。且语气一定要得当，既要委婉礼貌，又要有说服力。针对这篇习作的主题，可以把全文分为三段：
第一段：表明写作意图。
第二段：针对残疾人的需要，对购物商场的设计提出具体的建议。
第三段：希望对方接受自己的建议并得到回复。【常用表达】
开头：
You have asked me for my advice on ... and I will try to make some suggestions.
It’s my great pleasure to give you some suggestions / advice on ...
I am writing to express my views concerning ...
I’m sorry (that) you are having trouble? / difficulty? / problems in ...
Here are a few suggestions about ...
Considering ..., I would like to make some suggestions / advice.主体：
I would like to suggest that ...
It is necessary / important ...
If I were you, I would ...
It seems to me that you could ...?????????
Why not?
It would be a good idea if ...
Firstly / First / First to all ... Secondly / Second ... Lastly / Last but not least ...结尾：
I hope you will find these proposals? / suggestions? / advice ...
I hope my suggestions will ...
I will be very glad if you find my suggestions useful / practical ...【参考范文】
Dear Steve,
I have heard that you are to be the designer for the new shopping mall in my community. Considering the needs of disabled people, I would like to make some suggestions.
First of all, for the convenience of disabled people in wheelchairs, a ramp for wheelchairs should be designed and fitted at the entrance
to the shopping mall. Also it is necessary todesign sidewalks for the blind. Then it would be handy to provide disabled people with special passages and toilets. Last but not least, the height of the shelves should be suitable for disabled people in wheelchairs.
I hope my suggestions will meet with your approval. If you design everything with good access for disabled people, I am sure more people will go there.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua巩固练习I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
The government has announced a(n)
_________ (ambition) programme to
modernize the railway network.
2. Despite his cries no one came to his
_________ (assist).
3. She told the story with a complete
________ (absent) of any humor.ambitiousassistanceabsence4. I bet she was ________ (annoy) at
having to write it out again.
5. Employers usually decide within five
minutes whether someone is ________
(suit) for the job.
6. The city is easily ________ (access) by
road, rail or air.
7. I hope the arrangements will meet
with your ________ (approve).annoyedsuitableaccessibleapproval8. The bus was packed with ________
(noise) schoolchildren.
9. My high school __________ (graduate)
was on a long and hot morning.
10. After his speech, he offered words of
______________ (encourage) to
people in the crowd.noisygraduationencouragementII. 根据括号内的提示补全下面句子。
The two cities are different _______
_______ _______ (在很多方面).
2. Old buildings and streets, well cared for and _______ _______ (使适应) today's needs, vastly improve the quality of life.
3. I was _______ _______ _______ (上气不接下气) after running for the bus.
4. I'm not _______ _______ _______ (取笑) you. I admire what you did.inmany waysadapted toout of breathmaking fun of5. No matter what difficulty you will ______ _______ (遭遇), carry out your plan.
6. _______ _______ _______ (总而言之), it had been one of the most miserable days of Henry's life.
7. She _______ _______ (闲坐着) all day and watched me clean the house.
8. They're letting Jim go — ______ _______ _______ (换句话说), he has been fired.meetwithAll in all in othersat aroundwordsIII.用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
1. —When will you come back?
—Maybe very late because I have a lot of work ________ (do).
2. Sam hurried to the station, only ________ (find) the train had left five minutes ago.
3. I meant ________ (phone) you, Mother, but my phone didn't work.
4. The students have trouble ________ (deal) with such problems.to doto findto phonedealing5. There were no chair ________ (sit) on, so we all had to sit on the floor.
6. The plan was ________ (get) all the cows out of the hunting areas before the hunters came.
7. Could I trouble you ________ (open) that window?
I'm afraid I can't reach it.to sitto getto open8. —Is Bill still working?
—I'm afraid not. He is said __________ (leave) the office in a hurry.
9. I found it hard ____________ (concentrate) with the children playing around.
10. ________ (make) this cake, you'll need 2
eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.to have leftto concentrateTo makeⅣ. 阅读材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1
个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sleep is becoming a business. Hotels in the US are offering sleep places for $1,000, 1. ________ (consist) of a comfortable bed as well as a movie about sleep. At home you can buy mattress covers with sensors (传感器) 2. ________ (design) to tell you how well you are sleeping for several hundred dollars. consistingdesignedConsidering the high prices being paid for fitness and health food at 3. ______ moment along with the rise in handy wearable technology such interest in sleep is not surprising. Sleep has always been considered 4. ___________ (scientific) important to all round health. Get under six hours and you are at risk 5. ______ high blood pressure and heart disease, not to mention fatness and cancer along with mental health and memory loss. scientificallytheof7-9 hours 6. ___________ (consider) ideal. Quality of sleep rather than quantity, though, is more important, hence the interest in sleep monitoring. Doctors, however, say that the only way 7. ________ (detect) light and deep sleep is to conduct tests with the expensive machinery they use to track brain 8. ________ (wave) and eye movement. is consideredto detectwavesThey say the sleep monitors on the market are almost useless and 9. _______ simply cutting out alcohol and caffeine (咖啡因) at night as well as the blue light from your mobile equipment could be more 10. ________ (benefit).thatbeneficial
