选修7 Unit 3 高考试卷分块专练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Inside the Rain Room
The Rain Room has arrived and local art lovers are taking notice. Is it worth the wait? Yes, I assure you it is. Once inside, visitors find a long, dark room with a high ceiling. A single bright light shines through heavy rain falling around visitors. The mist. The damp air. The noise. It feels like a mighty storm is pouring down. But the storm is inside. And visitors aren't getting wet. Instead, visitors wander in awe, admiring the rain and the artists who created it.
The Rain Room was created to highlight the connection between humans, nature and technology. With a tracking system that senses movement and stops the rain wherever visitors move, it does just that. Light and sound produce an experience that feels both natural and foreign. The exhibit is moving on to Atlanta next month. I urge you to visit before then. It's time to experience the Rain Room for yourself!
Welcome to the Rain Room
·The Rain Room features falling water. Please be aware you may get slightly wet. However, visitors wearing raincoats will be turned away.
·This exhibit features advanced technology. To ensure its effectiveness, please avoid wearing dark or reflective clothing.
·Visitors are welcome to take photographs of the exhibit.
·Children must be accompanied by an adult.
·For the convenience of all guests, visits are limited to 10 minutes.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章通过介绍the Rain Room的景象、设计理念、特色以及参观时的注意事项来吸引游客去参观这一艺术展。
1．What's the purpose of the text?
A．To attract visitors to a new art exhibit.
B．To explain how an exhibit has been created.
C．To describe the technology used in the exhibit.
D．To promote the artists taking part in an exhibit.
解析：选A 写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了the Rain Room的景象、设计理念、特色以及参观时的注意事项。因此本文的目的是吸引游客去参观这个艺术展。故选A。
2．What's the fun_ction of the exhibit's tracking system?
A．To keep visitors from getting wet.
B．To protect the exhibit from water damage.
C．To time how long visitors are in the room.
D．To count the number of visitors in the room.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“With a tracking system that senses movement and stops the rain wherever visitors move, it does just that.”可推知，这个追踪系统能够保证游客不被雨水淋湿。故选A。
3．What must you do when visiting the Rain Room?
A．Wear a raincoat.
B．Wear dark clothing.
C．Leave your camera outside.
D．Pass through within 10 minutes.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据表格中的最后一句“For the convenience of all guests, visits are limited to 10 minutes.”可知，游客必须在10分钟之内参观完。故选D。
B
The amount of fish caught worldwide is much larger than has been reported. And that could mean serious problems for the environment and nations that depend on fisheries (渔业). A new estimate shows that it is 32 million tons higher than countries have been reporting yearly.
The same report notes that the world's fish catch has been declining since the late 1990s. Countries report their industrial catches to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. But they do not report other kinds of fishing. This includes the catches of small commercial fisheries, which are called artisanal fisheries, and fishing for recreation and individual food.
Daniel Pauly at the University of British Columbia in Canada led the study. He noted that a huge amount of some catches is thrown away. “For example, shrimp trawlers (拖网渔船) keep only the shrimp and the fish that they catch — often eight to ten times as much as the shrimp — gets thrown away.”
Pauly told VOA that better estimates of the actual global catch will help ensure there will be enough fish in the future. “But our figures suggest that since 1996 a rapid decrease is happening. And if you project this forward you end up in a few decades having much less catch, literally no catch. So that is potentially dangerous.”
Researchers also found ways the world's fisheries are changing. They found that fishing fleets of larger nations are catching fish in the waters of developing countries more and more.
Pauly said he was surprised by the amount of fishing done by foreign fleets in competition with local fishers. “In West Africa, the figure that was most astonishing is the enormous role of foreign fishing — of European and Asian vessels fishing legally or illegally and competing against local fishermen. On the other hand for the US, Australia and some developing countries, such as the Bahamas, what was apparent is the enormous contribution of recreational fisheries, which also never get reported to the FAO.”
Researchers say inaccurate data also harms the development and supervision (监管) of effective policy and management measures.
语篇解读：世界范围内捕鱼的数量比报告中的数量要多很多，而这些虚假报告对经济和环境都造成了不好的影响。
4．What's the main idea of the passage?
A．False amount of fish caught worldwide harms economy environment.
B．The world's fish catch has been declining.
C．The global fishing competition is serious.
D．The management of global fishing needs improving.
解析：选A 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一、二句“The amount of fish caught worldwide is much larger than has been reported. And that could mean serious problems for the environment and nations that depend on fisheries(渔业)．”可知，本文主要阐述了关于捕鱼数量的虚假报告对环境造成了不好的影响。故选A项。
5．What does the underlined word “it” (in Para.1) refer to?
A．The amount of foreign fishing.
B．The amount of local fishing.
C．The amount of recreational fishing.
D．The amount of all fish caught worldwide.
解析：选D 代词指代题。it为代词，指代前文，又根据32 million这个数字可推断出it指代第一句中的“The amount of fish caught worldwide”，由此可知选D项。
6．Which kind of fishing has been reported to the FAO?
A．Industrial fish catches.
B．Commercial fishing.
C．Fishing for entertainment.
D．Fishing for individual food.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段二、三句“Countries report their industrial catches to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. But they do not report other kinds of fishing.”可知，各国向联合国粮食及农业组织报告了他们的工业捕鱼量，但没有报告其他形式的捕鱼数量。故选A项。
7．Which part is this article possibly chosen from on the Internet?
A．Health report. B．Science in the news.
C．Explorations. D．Technology report.
解析：选B 文章出处题。根据文章第四段第一句“Pauly told VOA that better estimates of the actual global catch will help ensure there will be enough fish in the future.”可知，保利在接受“美国之音”的采访时说了些话，由此可推断出这是一则新闻，故选B项。
C
(2018·合肥高三质检)“The noise made by boats of whale watching tourists may be causing communication problems for the animals，” British researchers said last week.
Whale watching is a popular tourist activity in places where groups of killer whales (虎鲸) live.Every day, dozens of boats filled with tourists go to watch the beautiful animals.Unfortunately, the engines of the boats make a lot of noise, and that may be causing problems for the whales, according to a report in the US science magazine Nature.
The whales travel in groups, and communicate with each other through sonic calls that some scientists refer to as singing.The sounds of the boat engines may be creating too much background noise for the whales to be able to hear each other.
The researchers listened to recordings of whale calls made between 15 and 25 years ago, before whale watching became popular.These were compared to more recent recordings.
They found that the animals have started to sing for longer than they used to, like a person shouting to a friend across a noisy room.
It is believed that the whales are trying to communicate hunting or breeding information.Scientists said that, if this is prevented, the future of the world's whale population could be in danger.
“Animals become slow in mind and repeat themselves in noisy areas，” said Volker Deecke, a Canadian biologist.“They have to say things twice or three times in order to be understood.”
The killer whales studied were living off the coast of northwestern America.The number of killer whales in this area has been falling for several years, but scientists are not sure why.
语篇解读：本文首先介绍了观鲸船所产生的噪音对虎鲸的交流造成了困难，然后又介绍了观鲸旅游的盛行和虎鲸的交流方式。
8．The passage mainly tells us ________.
A．the problems of whale watching
B．how killer whales communicate with each other
C．the reduced population of killer whales caused by whale watching
D．hearing problems of the killer whales caused by whale watching
解析：选D 主旨大意题。概括文章第一段可得出答案。观鲸船的噪音给虎鲸的信息交流造成了困难。
9．Now in a noisy background, the killer whales have to ________.
A．sing in a louder voice
B．sing longer
C．travel in smaller groups
D．get nearer to each other
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第五段可知，因为受噪音干扰，现在虎鲸“唱”的时间比原来长。
10．Scientists believe that killer whales sing to ________.
A．warn each other of dangers
B．keep in the same group
C．send useful information
D．enjoy themselves
解析：选C 细节理解题。文章倒数第三段有说明，虎鲸“唱歌”是为了交流捕食或繁殖信息。
11．From the passage, we can feel that the author is ________.
A．angry B．hopeful
C．worried D．disappointed
解析：选C 推理判断题。文章介绍观鲸船的噪音给虎鲸的交流造成了困难，从文章最后的叙述看，虎鲸数量在下降，而科学家也不明白其中原因，因此显然作者对虎鲸的生存状况感到“担忧”。
D
What's more exciting than having a fresh hot pizza delivered to your door? How about having it brought to you by a robot? Thanks to Domino's Robotic Unit, that just became a reality. On March 8, the three-foot tall robot made its first delivery to some lucky residents in Brisbane, Australia.
The autonomous DRU is the result of a cooperation between Domino's Pizza Australia and Marathon Robotics. The machine can cover a distance of up to 12 miles and back before requiring a battery recharge. Equipped with Google Maps and GPS guidance, DRU can go along bike paths and sidewalks and also find the most efficient way to its destination. LIDAR, a laser-based sensor technology similar to the one used in self-driving cars, enables DRU to detect and avoid obstacles, while traditional sensors ensure its path to its destination is safe. DRU's plastic shell protects the food from the bad weather, while its aluminum and steel container ensures that the pies remain hot.
The robot can fit up to ten pizzas and even has a separate cold area to accommodate drink orders. To access their food, customers have to enter the unique code provided by the company. This not only ensures that they pick up the right pizza, but also prevents the pies from getting stolen.
Domino's expects additional DRU to be ready for service in its various Queensland locations within the next six months. But don't expect these super cute robots to replace humans anytime soon. According to Domino's, the DRU still needs much testing, which the company believes could take up to two years. There is also the issue of regulations. The public use of autonomous vehicles is still banned in most countries. But Don Meij, the CEO of Domino's Pizza, is not worried. He believes that one day DRU will become a necessary part of the Domino's family.
语篇解读：本文是一篇科普类说明文，主要介绍了一种可以上门为顾客送比萨的机器人。
12．What's the fun_ction of LIDAR?
A．Keeping DRU free of obstacles.
B．Recharging DRU's battery.
C．Helping DRU find its destination.
D．Protecting DRU from bad weather.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“LIDAR, a laser-based sensor technology similar to the one used in self-driving cars, enables DRU to detect and avoid obstacles ...”可知，LIDAR的功能是使DRU察觉并避开障碍物。故A项正确。
13．What does the underlined word “accommodate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Heat. B．Hold.
C．Sell. D．Show.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“fit up to ten pizzas”可以判断，此处指该机器人最多可以盛放十个比萨，还有单独的冷藏区放饮料，故画线词应意为“容纳”，与B项意思相近。故B项正确。
14．Why does the company provide codes for its customers?
A．To fit up more pizzas.
B．To prevent the pizza being taken by mistake.
C．To keep the pizza warm.
D．To get the pizza paid in time.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“This not only ensures that they pick up the right pizza, but also prevents the pies from getting stolen.”可知，这是为了防止顾客拿错比萨。故B项正确。
15.What can we infer about the future of DRU?
A．It may need some improvements.
B．It will replace humans soon.
C．It may be banned in Australia.
D．It will soon be applied worldwide.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“According to Domino's, the DRU still needs much testing, which the company believes could take up to two years.”可以判断，DRU仍有待改进。故A项正确。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2018·济南高三一模)While you are travelling abroad, cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes, which can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals. __1__
●Touching Someone
__2__ In Mediterranean countries, if you don't touch someone's arm when talking to them or if you don't greet them with kisses or a warm hug, you'll be considered cold. But backslap (拍背) someone who isn't a family member or a good friend in Korea, and you'll make them uncomfortable. In Thailand, the head is considered sacred — never even pat a child on the head.
●Talking Over Dinner
In some countries, like China, Japan and some African nations, the food's the thing, so don't start chatting about your day's adventures while everyone else is digging into dinner. __3__ It's not because your group is unfriendly, but because meal times are for eating, not talking.
●Removing Your Shoes or Not
Take off your shoes when arriving at the door of a London dinner party and the hostess will find you uncivilized, but fail to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia, Hawaii, or the Pacific Islands and you'll be considered disrespectful. So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces. __4__
Once you are on the ground of a different country, remain highly sensitive to native behavior. __5__ And don't feel offended if something seems offensive — like queue jumping. After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different.
A．Personal space varies as you travel the globe.
B．Asians consider removing shoes impolite at home.
C．Never be completely surprised by anything.
D．The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his idea.
E．Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.
F．If not, keep the shoes on.
G．You'll likely be met with silence.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同文化当中的不同习俗和礼仪，了解这些习俗和礼仪有助于我们避免在与外国友人交流时出现文化方面的错误或者误解。
1．选E 本文是“总—分—总”的结构，而空格处所在段落是文章的总起段。空格处应是要引出对下文三种不同的文化习俗的介绍。E项“Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.”意为“当心以下这些文化错误并尽力避免它们”，能够引起下文。故选E。
2．选A 根据本段的小标题“Touching Someone”以及下文介绍的不同国家在肢体接触方面有不同的习俗可知，空格处应当总领全段。A项“当你环球旅游时，你会发现各地对私人空间的定义是不同的”能够总领该段。故选A。
3．选G 根据空格前一句可知，在上述这些国家，吃饭的时候要专心。当别人吃晚饭时，不要闲聊你白天的经历。G项“你很有可能会遭遇沉默”紧密衔接上文。故选G。
4．选F 根据本段小标题“Removing Your Shoes or Not”可知，该段讨论的是“要不要脱鞋”的问题。空格处应与空格前一句“So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces.”之间为对比关系。F项“如果不是这样，那就穿上鞋子”符合语境。故选F。
5．选C 该段为总结段。空格处应为具有总结性质的句子。空格后一句是说如果一些事情看起来是具有冒犯性的，但是要入乡随俗，不要感觉被冒犯了，并举插队一例进行说明。C项“不要对任何事情感到诧异”符合语境且引出下句。故选C。
课件78张PPT。Unit3 Under the sea选修七知识归纳知识清单1. __________ n. 轶事; 奇闻
2. ________ n. 目击者; 证人; 证据
vt. 经历; 见证; 出席; 观察
vi. 证明; 为(宗教信仰)做见证
3. _______________ n. 膳宿; 和解;
住处; 适应
4. ________ n. 岸; 滨
5. ________ adj. 近海的; 离岸的; 海外的
adv. 离岸地; 近海地 anecdotewitnessaccommodationshoreoffshore(一) 单 词6. ______ n. 嘴唇; 唇状物
7. ______ v. 驱策; 鼓励; 催促; 力陈
8. _________ n. & v. 放弃; 抛弃; 放纵
9. ________ n. 鲨鱼; 贪婪的人; 放高利贷的人;
v. 诈取; 诈骗
10. _____ v. 慢跑; 轻推 n. 慢跑; 轻推; 颠簸
11. ________ n. 海边 adj. 海边(的); 海滨(的)
12. _____ n. 网; 网状物
13. ______ n. 目标; 对象
vt. 把......作为目标; 瞄准 lipurgeabandonsharkjogseasidenettarget14. ___________ n. 维(数); 方面; 侧面
15. ________ vi. 思考 vt. 映射; 反射; 思考
16. ________ adj. 纯的; 纯粹的; 纯洁的
17. ______ n. 细胞
18. ______ adj. 整齐的; 均匀的
19. _________ n. 海藻; 海草
20. _________ adj. 狭窄的; 有限的
21. __________ n. 闪光信号灯; 手电筒
22. ______ vt. & vi. 吮吸
23. ______ vt. 拖; 拉; 扯dimensionreflectpurecellneatseaweednarrowflashlightsuckdrag24. ________ adj. 锐利的; 锋利的; 敏捷的
25. _______ adj. 好吃的; 可口的
26. _______ adj. & n. 灰色(的)
27. ________ vt. 恐吓 vi. 受惊吓
28. __________ adj. 浅的; 肤浅的; 浅显的
29. _________ adj. 陡峭的
30. ____________ n. 界限; 分界线
31. __________ adj. 南极的
32. __________ adj. 使人敬畏的; 令人畏惧的sharptastygreyscareshallowsteepboundaryAntarcticawesome33. ______ n. 潮水; 潮流
34. ______ vi. 大叫; 呼喊 n. 叫声; 喊声
35. _______ vi. & n. 暂停; 中止
36. __________ n. 望远镜
37. ___________ n. 协作; 配合
38. ______ n. 深(度); 深处
39. _____ n. 海豹; 封条; 印章
40. _________ n. 养老金; 退休金
41. _____________ n. 领取养老金者
42. _______ vi./n.跳水; 潜水; 俯冲tideyellpausetelescopeteamworkdepthsealpensionpensionerdive43. _______ n. 年刊; 年鉴→_______ adj. 每年的; 按年度; 计算的→ _________ adv.一年一次地
44. _________ prep.在……对面→ _________ adj. 相对的; 相反的→_________v. 反对
45. ______ vi. 逃离; 逃跑→______ (过去分词)
46. _______adj. 生动的; 鲜艳的→_________ adv. 生动地→_________ n. 清晰annualannualannuallyoppositeoppositeopposefleefledvividvividlyvividness47. ____________n. 关系→__________ n. 关系, 联系→__________ adj.比较的→_________ adj. 相关的, 联系的→_________ v. 联系; 交往
48. ____________ n. 保存; 保护→__________ vt. 保护; 保存
49. ________ adj.意识到的→ __________ n. 意识→ ________ adj. 没意识到的relationshiprelationrelativerelatedrelateconservationconserveawareawarenessunaware1. ___________________________ 亲眼见证
2. _______________ 分类; 收拾; 整理
3. _______________ 早于; 在……前面
4. _______________ 朝……瞄准
5. _______________ 调转; 回转
6. _______________ 害怕
7. _______________ 帮助某人摆脱困难 witness sth. with one’s own eyessort outahead of…aim atturn aroundbe terrified ofhelp sb. out (二) 短 语8. __________ 思考; 考虑……
9. ___________ 对……明白; 知道……
10. _____________ 上下翻转
11. _____________ 接近; 靠近
12. _________________ 吓死了reflect onbe aware ofupside downget close tobe scared to death We ran down to the shore in time to see
an enormous animal opposite us throwing
itself out of the water and then crashing down again.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在干某事2. The sea was rough that day and it was
difficult to handle the boat.
It + be + adj. (for/of sb.)+ to do sth.
做某事是……的(三) 句 式“It seems + that从句”, 其中it 是形式主语, that引导主语从句。3. It seemed that there was a surprise
waiting for me around every corner as I
explored small caves, …4. This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.
句中的be about to表示即将发生的动作, 意
为“正要/就要”, 不与具体表示将来的时间
状语连用, 常与when引导的时间状语连用。核心要点1. witness n. 目击者; 证人; 证据
vt. 当场见证; 目击; 见证
I thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times. （课文原句）
当时我以为只是一个故事罢了，但是后来我亲眼见过许多次。(一) 单 词【归纳】
witness sth. 当场见到; 目击; 见证
a witness to sth. 某事的证人
bear/give witness to sth. 为……作证; 证明
witness to (doing) sth. 作证, 证明(做)某事1) He is a key witness in this case.
在这个案件中, 他是一个主要见证人。
2) Did anyone witness the traffic accident?
有谁目击了这场交通事故？
3) The temples bear witness to the city’s former greatness.
这些庙宇见证了这个城市以前的辉煌。
4) He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room.
他证明看到那人进了房间。2. pause v. 暂停, 停顿
Without pausing we jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay. （课文原句）
一刻不停地，我们和其他捕鲸人都跳进渔船，朝海湾方向驶去。 【归纳】
pause for 因……而暂停
pause on (upon) sth. 仔细考虑
n. 停顿, 间断
give someone pause
令人深思; 令人考虑3. drag v. 拖; 拉; 迫使; 缓慢行进
n. 拖; 拉; 累赘; 阻力
Within a moment or two, its body was dragged swiftly by the killers down into the depths of the sea. （课文原句）
过了片刻，鲸的尸体就被虎鲸们迅速拖向深海中去了。 【拓展】
drag away 将……硬拖走
drag behind 落在后面
drag down 拖下去; 把身体拖垮
drag through 缓缓地通过
drag up 向上拉1) Drag up a chair and join the conversation.
把椅子拉过来, 加入我们的谈话。
2) It’s the high fever that’s been dragging him down.
是这场高烧把他的身体拖垮的。
3) I wanted to stay, but she dragged me off to help her shop.
我本想留下来, 可她硬是把我拉走帮她买东西。4. urge vt. 催促; 极力主张; 驱策
“Man overboard! Turn the boat around!” urged George, shouting loudly.
（课文原句）
乔治大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调回去！” 【归纳】
urge sb./sth. on 催促某人/某物前进
urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge sb. into doing sth. 催促某人做某事
urge that sb. (should) do sth. 极力主张, 强调1) Brown urged her to reconsider her decision.
布朗极力劝说她重新考虑自己的决定。
2) I urged that he (should) do his best.
我强调他要尽自己最大的努力。【注】
urge 后跟that 宾语从句时常用(should)+
动词原形的虚拟语气, 使用时请注意！5. abandon vt. 放弃; 遗弃; 抛弃;
离弃; 逃离
From James’s face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.
（课文原句）
从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。 【归纳】
abandon oneself to 沉溺于
abandon the hope (of doing sth.)
放弃(做某事的)希望
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
with abandon 放任的, 放纵的1) The cruel man abandoned his wife and child.
那个狠心的男人抛弃了他的妻儿。
2) Those who abandon themselves to despair can not succeed.
那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。
3) People were shouting and cheering with abandon. 人们兴高采烈, 纵情欢呼。6. target n.目标; 靶; 受批评的对象
vt. 把……作为攻击目标/批评对象
First, not only target fish are caught in the net, but many other sea animals are found hanging there. （课文原句）
首先，不但可以网到想要捉的鱼，而且其他的海洋动物也可以捕获。【归纳】
set (sb.) a target for
(给某人)设定……的目标
Our country has set a target for reducing
the emission of carbon dioxide.
我国已制定了一个降低二氧化碳排放的目
标。7. scare v. 恐吓, 使惊吓 n. 惊恐, 惊吓
I told myself they weren’t dangerous but that didn’t stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment! （课文原句）
我自言自语地说它们并不危险，但是这样一点也不能抑制我那怕得要死的心情。 【归纳】
be scared of 害怕
be scared to do 害怕做
scare ... away/off 把……吓走
【拓展】scared adj. 惊慌的
相当于frightened
be scared to death/out of one’s wits
被吓得要死; 被吓得魂不附体1) You scared me out of my mind, coming up behind me suddenly like that.
你这冷不防从背后过来, 真把我吓死了。
2) I’ll see if I can scare up a meal from the
scraps of food in the kitchen.
我去看看能否把厨房里的剩饭凑成一顿饭菜。
3) The high price is scaring away possible buyers.
价格昂贵, 把想买东西的顾客吓跑了。1. help...out 帮助某人摆脱困境
Being helped out by the killer whales, the whalers were able to make a successful kill.
（课文原句）
有了虎鲸的帮助，捕鲸人才有了一次成功的捕杀。(二) 短 语 【拓展】
help (sb.) (to) do sth. 帮(某人)做某事
cannot help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
help oneself (to sth.) 自取, 自用
can’t help but do sth. 不得不做某事
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮着做某事1) If you haven’t got time to finish, I’ll help you out.
如果你来不及做完, 我会帮你摆脱困境。
2) Do you mind helping me with this a minute?
你能抽点时间帮我一把吗？
3) I can’t help wondering what happened to that little girl.
我忍不住想知道那个小女孩出了什么事。2. be /become aware of … 对……知道、明
白; 意识到…..
The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colors surrounding me – purples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens.
（课文原句）
我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩—紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色等。【拓展】
aware多作形容词, 意为“知道的; 察觉的”, 常接 of?+名词、代词、动词-ing形式; 也可以接从句, 此时可以省略介词of, 其前常被副词well/quite/ fully?修饰。aware还可与politically, environmentally等副词连用, 表示“有觉悟; 有意识”。其名词形式为awareness, 意为“察觉; 觉悟; 意识(+?of?/?that)”1) He said that the government was quite aware of?the?problem.?
他说政府很清楚这个问题。
2)?She?was?not?aware?of?having?done?wrong.?
她没有意识到做错了事。
3) He?is?a?politically?aware?young?man. 他是个政治上有觉悟的青年。
4)?There?is?a?general?awareness?that?smoking?is?harmful.
人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。 3. upside down 上下翻转
The yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down, and sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard bird-like mouth. （课文原句）
黄绿相间的鹦嘴鱼倒挂着，用它那像鸟嘴一样的硬嘴从珊瑚上吸吮的微小植物。 【归纳】
upside down?意为“底朝上, 上下颠倒, 倒转, 乱七八糟”。如：?
The picture is hanging upside down.
Thieves left the place upside down.
【拓展】
turn ... upside down 把……翻得乱七八糟, 给(某人的生活)造成大的变化或混乱。如：
Mark turned the whole room upside down looking for his book.We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在干某事
【归纳】
感官动词see, watch, notice, discover, observe, hear, smell等可跟动词-ing形式作宾语补足语, 动词-ing与宾语构成主动关系, 强调动作正在进行。 (三) 句 式2. The sea was rough that day and it was
difficult to handle the boat.
It + be + adj. (for/of sb.)+ to do sth.
做某事是……的
【归纳】
在此句型中, 如前面形容词(adj.) 指代事物、事情特征, 如：important, easy, difficult, strange, necessary, important等, 则后用for; 如果为说明人的性格、特征的形容词, 如kind, polite, foolish, warmhearted, cruel等, 则用of。“It seems + that从句”, 其中it 是形式主语, that引导主语从句。如： It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.
似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。 It seems to me that Mr. Brown will not come again. 在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。3. It seemed that there was a surprise
waiting for me around every corner as I
explored small caves, …【拓展】
“There + seem to be +名词”, 其中to be 可省略。seem 的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定。如：
There doesn’t seem to be much hope of our beating that team.
看来我们战胜那个队没有多大希望。 There seems no need to wait longer.
看来没有再等的必要了。 4. This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.
be about to表示即将发生的动作, “正要/就要”, 不与具体表示将来的时间状语连用, 常与when引导的时间状语连用。1) Sit down, everyone. The film’s about to start.
大家坐下, 电影马上开始。
2) I was about to give up when the good news came.
当好消息传来时我正打算放弃。I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. We felt at home with her and were impressed with the ______ (deep) of her knowledge.
2. A(n) ___________ (abandon) baby was found in a box on the hospital steps.abandoneddepth ????3. The program will give young athletes the chance to ________ (sharp) their skills.
4. I didn’t like the soup, but all in all, the dinner was pretty _____ (taste).
5. I wanted to ask her out but was _______ (scare) that she might refuse.scaredsharpentastyII. 根据所给的汉语提示补全下列句子。
To get the plant out of the pot, turn the
pot ____________ (上下颠倒) and give it a gentle knock.
2. I’ve often ______________ (帮助鲍勃摆脱困难) when he’s short of money.upside downhelped Bob out3. He doesn’t seem to ____________ (意识
到) the coldness of their attitude towards
his appeal.
4. As I opened the door, I found little Ben
was ____________ (归类) the bricks into
different colors alone.be aware ofsorting out语法被动语态（二）【归纳】
1. 当动词-ing形式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时，动词-ing形式要用被动式。动词-ing的被动式有两种：①一般式的被动式，即being done，表示一个正在进行或与谓语所表示的动作同时发生的被动动作；②完成式的被动式，即having been done，表示的被动动作发生在谓语所表示的动作之前。2. 动词-ing形式的被动式在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语、状语。
e.g.
1) Being defeated by Jim was a terrifying
experience.
2) I hate being bothered with silly questions.
3) The boy ran away for fear of being hurt. 4) The railway being built will greatly benefit our city.
5) When Julia got to the meeting room, she heard her works being discussed.
6) Being accompanied by his father, the boy felt very happy.
7) Having been invited to speak, I’ll start making preparations tomorrow. 【拓展】
1. need, require, want表示“需要”时，后接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。如：
The house needs / wants / requires repairing. = The house needs / wants / requires to be repaired.
2. be worth后接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。如：
The book is not worth reading. 3. 不定式的被动式、动词-ing形式的被动式和过去分词都可作定语表示被动意义，但所表示的动作发生的时间有所不同。如：
The problem to be discussed tomorrow is of vital importance. (to be discussed所表示的被动动作将要发生)
The problem being discussed is of vital importance. (being discussed所表示的被动动作正在发生)
The problem discussed yesterday is of vital importance. (discussed所表示的被动动作已经发生)用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
1. The famous singer always wears sunglasses. Therefore, she can go shopping without ________________ (recognize).
2. The boss was happy to see new products __________ (develop) after great effort.
3. David remembered ___________ (take) to France as a small child. being takenbeing recognized?developed4. The boy disliked ____________ (speak) to like that.
5. __________________ (test) several times, this new product will be put into mass production.
6. I have been invited to a party __________ (hold) in our club next Sunday.
7. The drawer showed no signs of ___________
_____________________ (touch).
8. The scientists designed a shirt that never needs ___________________ (wash).washing/to be washed?being spokenHaving been tested??to be heldhaving beentouched/being touched写作【写作任务】
假设你是李华，几天前从某外资家电商场买了一台电冰箱。使用后发现这台冰箱存在门关不紧、冷藏效果差的问题。请你给本商场服务部负责人写一封投诉信，希望其给予调换或者安排维修人员上门维修。?????如何写投诉信注意：词数100左右。
Dear Sir or Madam,
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
?Yours sincerely,
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Li Hua【写作指导】
?????? 这是一封投诉信。投诉信与普通书信格式一样, 但要注意的是写投诉信是为了求得解决问题而不是泄愤, 因此写信时一定要态度诚恳、礼貌委婉。投诉信一般包括以下几点内容：写信的目的、投诉的原因、希望得到的结果和表示感谢。
针对这篇习作, 可以把全文分为三段：
? 第一段：表明写信的目的——对购买的冰箱出现的问题进行投诉。 第二段：投诉的原因以及希望得到的结果——冰箱门关不紧、冷藏效果差，希望调换或者安排维修人员上门维修。???
第三段：表示感谢。
【常用表达】
开头：
I am writing to make a complaint about / complain about ...
I am writing to express my dissatisfaction / disappointment with ...
I’m sorry to bother you but ...主体：
There are some problems with ... that I wish to bring to your attention.
I’m really not happy ...
I’m eager to know whether ...
I’d like a full refund? / a new one that ...
结尾：
I would appreciate it if you ...
I’m looking forward to ...
I do hope ...【参考范文】
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m writing to complain about my disappointment with the refrigerator I bought from your store. After using it for two days, I found there was something wrong with the refrigerator.
First, its door couldn’t close tightly so that the refrigerator couldn’t work well.? What’s worse, the outer wall felt very hot and the food stored in it went bad quickly.
Therefore, I am eager to know whether you can change it for a new one or send a repairman as soon as possible.
I would appreciate it if you could take my complaint into consideration. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
?Li Hua巩固练习I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. I wanted to ask her out but was ________ (scare) that she might refuse.
2. They continued for another few kilometers until they reached a(n) __________ (abandon) gas station.scaredabandoned3. The program will give young athletes the chance to ________ (sharp) their skills.
4. These sausages are really ________ (taste) — where did you buy them?
5. One in five __________ (pension) rely entirely on state benefits for their income.sharpentastypensionersII. 选用合适的单词并用其正确形式填空。
annual, dive, opposite, pause, witness, yell
1. ①There was a(n) ________ in the conversation as everyone turned to say hello to Paul.
②“No,” he replied, without ________ for thought.pausepausingannual, dive, opposite, pause, witness, yell
2. ①It is strange how two scientists studying the same problem can come to completely ________ conclusions.
②My father is a very calm person, but my mother is just the ________.
3. ①I'm sorry I ________ at you last night.
②A great ________ went up from the crowd. Liverpool had scored.oppositeoppositeyelledyellannual, dive, opposite, pause, witness, yell
4. ①I looked for Wyman's picture in my
high-school ________.
②In the first half of the 1970s, the economy was growing at a(n) ________ rate of 7 percent.
5. ①He signed the document in the presence of two ________.
②The crash was ________ by millions of
viewers who were watching the race on TV.annualannualwitnesseswitnessedannual, dive, opposite, pause, witness, yell
6. ①The plane ________ towards the ground and exploded in a ball of flame.
②The goalkeeper made a(n) ________ for the ball, but couldn't stop it going in the net.diveddiveIII. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
1. The interview only took ten minutes, but it ________ (feel) like hours.
2. The pop concert ____________________ (expect) to attract over 20,000 people but only less than 5,000 attended it.
3. The baby is sitting in his high chair, waiting ________ (feed).felthad been/was expectedto be fed4. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _____________ (persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables.
5. Your daughter has a good voice. Her interest in singing must _____________ (encourage).are persuadedbe encouragedⅣ. 阅读材料，在空白处填入适当的内容
（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Great Barrier Reef is 1. _______
2,300-kilometer string of reefs along the northeast coast of Australia. It is home to well over 1,000 species of fish, over 100 types of shark, and 2. ________ (dozen) of types of whale and dolphin. At least 2 million people visit it each year, adozens3. ________ is worth some $6 billion to the Australian economy. But 4. _______ is said that large areas of the reef are suffering from bleaching. Coral bleaches (turns white) when water is too warm for too long. The coral polyp (珊瑚虫) spits out the algae (海藻) that live inside it and its flesh 5. ________ (become) transparent. Algae provide the coral with 90% of its energy, whichitbecomesso without the algae it 6. _________ (eventual) starves. Furthermore, as small fish can no 7. ________ (long) use the coral as shelter, the bigger fish that feed on them abandon the coral and move on. Becoming aware of 8. ________ serious the situation is, the Australian government has now promised $1 billion to help out. The money is to be spent on clean energy projects and 9. ________ (reduce) pollution. eventuallylongerhowreducingBut environmentalists say the government is dragging its feet. They are urging the government to tax fossil fuel mining companies in order 10. ________ (make) them pay for the damage their industry has caused.to make
