选修8 Unit 5 高考试卷分块专练
Ⅰ.完形填空
I learned my first lesson at a meeting. As we sat around the table I heard Meg, who was __1__ a recent operation, talking to Judith, the manager of our project. “Thank you so much for __2__ my daughters to their dance lessons last week.” Judith said, “It was nothing.”
Knowing how __3__ Judith's schedule was, I found her driving Meg's children to lessons unbelievably __4__. I was about to say more about this when Donna, another colleague, entered the room __5__. She apologized for being late, saying she just hosted a lunch for her friends who were over seventy.“That is so nice of you，” I said, __6__ how busy she was, how she didn't like to cook and clean. “Oh，” she said, waving her hand, “it was nothing.” __7__， I could still tell the __8__ in her voice. She did gain a sense of satisfaction from the entertainment offered to her friends.
Seeing their __9__ to help others selflessly, I started thinking about the concept of “nothing”， this peaceful and generous way of living — had it really been nothing or were they simply saying that? It __10__ to me that once I spent a whole afternoon after work helping a friend __11__ a speech. I __12__ her to rearrange the sequence of the stories in the lecture to make it sound more __13__. After the fifth try, she finally __14__ it. She hugged me with __15__， saying thanks to me. I smiled and said it was nothing.
Suddenly, I realized that helping someone was really something to me. I learned that giving from the heart doesn't __16__ mean sacrifice and hard work. The __17__ is finding something we love to do and finding someone who __18__ that something. Our generosity can benefit others __19__ ourselves. Once you have a good __20__ of it, it's nothing. And it's really something.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者如何从“没什么”这句话中悟到人生中重要的真理：予人玫瑰，手有余香。一个善意的举动使人获益良多。
1．A.adapting to B．recovering from
C．going through D．rejoicing in
解析：选B 结合句中“a recent operation”可知，Meg正处于手术后恢复期。recover from ...意为“从……中恢复”，符合题意。
2．A.guiding B．fetching
C．driving D．dragging
解析：选C 根据第二段中的“her driving Meg's children to lessons”可知，Judith应是开车送Meg的女儿去上课。故选C。
3．A.tight B．common
C．strange D．practical
解析：选A 由关键词“schedule”和下文中的“I found her driving Meg's children to lessons unbelievably __4__”可知，此处应表示Judith的日程安排很紧。tight意为“(时间)不宽裕的，(日程安排)紧的”，符合题意。
4．A.ridiculous B．energetic
C．tiresome D．generous
解析：选D Judith在自己的日程安排很紧的情况下，还挤出时间帮助他人。此处作者是想说Judith慷慨助人的精神。generous意为“大方的，慷慨给予的”，符合语境。
5．A.disappointedly B．angrily
C．hurriedly D．unexpectedly
解析：选C 根据下文Donna为自己迟到而道歉可知，空格处应表示“匆忙地”。hurriedly意为“匆忙地，仓促地”，符合题意。
6．A.ignoring B．forgetting
C．knowing D．predicting
解析：选C 句意：我知道她有多忙，多么不喜欢做饭、打扫，于是说：“你人真好。”know意为“知道，了解”，符合语境。
7．A.Moreover B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．Somehow
解析：选D 此处指不知为什么，作者从Donna的声音里听出了一丝愉悦。故选D。
8．A.regret B．sadness
C．surprise D．pleasure
解析：选D 结合下句中“gain a sense of satisfaction”可知，此处应指她的声音里带着一丝愉悦。pleasure意为“高兴，快乐，愉快”，符合题意。
9．A.willingness B．ambition
C．promise D．progress
解析：选A 由关键词“selflessly”可知，此处表示“看到她们都这么乐意去无私地帮助他人”。willingness意为“乐意，愿意”，符合语境。
10．A.referred B．occurred
C．appeared D．seemed
解析：选B 此处表示“这让作者突然想到自己曾在下班后花了一下午的时间帮助一个朋友”。occur表示“发生，出现”，其常用句型为“It occurs to sb. that ...”意为“某人突然想起”，符合语境。
11．A.put up B．prepare for
C．give away D．deal with
解析：选B 由下文中的“rearrange the sequence of the stories in the lecture”和“After the fifth try”可知，此处表示作者帮助朋友准备演讲。prepare for意为“为……做准备”，符合题意。
12．A.begged B．invited
C．recommended D．sponsored
解析：选C 作者是在帮助朋友准备演讲，那么应该是给朋友提建议。recommend意为“建议，劝告”，符合题意。
13．A.sensible B．confusing
C．sensitive D．typical
解析：选A 重新安排故事的顺序是为了使故事更合理。sensible意为“合理的，符合实际的”，符合题意。
14．A.got B．meant
C．caught D．made
解析：选D 此处表示“经过五次尝试，她终于做到了”。make it意为“成功，做到”，符合题意。
15．A.gratitude B．worry
C．concern D．apology
解析：选A 由关键词“hugged”和空格后的“saying thanks to me”可知，朋友很感激作者。gratitude意为“感激，感谢”，符合语境。
16．A.normally B．accidentally
C．possibly D．necessarily
解析：选D 此处表示“真心的付出不一定意味着牺牲，也不一定要费多少事儿”。not necessarily意为“未必，不一定”，符合题意。
17．A.treat B．trick
C．plot D．plan
解析：选B 此处表示“诀窍是找到我们喜欢做的事和……”trick意为“窍门，技巧”，符合题意。
18．A.needs B．admires
C．loves D．defends
解析：选A 由常识可知，帮助他人的前提是他人有这种需要。need意为“需要”，符合题意。
19．A.on account of B．as well as
C．except for D．regardless of
解析：选B 此处表示“我们的慷慨相助对他人和我们自己都有好处”。as well as意为“和”，意义上与and相同，符合题意。
20．A.order B．glimpse
C．command D．impression
解析：选C 本句表示“一旦你熟练掌握了这个诀窍，那就‘没什么’了”。command意为“掌握”，have a good command of意为“熟练掌握”，符合题意。
Ⅱ.语法填空
The Other Side of the Wall
There was a young woman who took great pride in her flower garden. She was raised by her grandmother, who taught her to love and care for flowers, so her flower garden was __1__ best in her town.
One day, while she was looking through a flower list from which she often __2__ (order), a picture of a plant caught her eye. She had never seen blooms (花) on a plant like that before. “I have to get it，” she said to herself, and she immediately ordered it.
When it arrived, she had already got a place __3__ (prepare) to plant it. She planted it at the back of her yard. It grew well, with beautiful green __4__ (leaf) all over it, but there were no blooms. Day after day, she continued to water it and feed it. She even talked to it, __5__ (try) to make it bloom. However, it was useless.
Then, one morning weeks __6__， when standing before the vine (藤蔓), she felt very disappointed that her plant had not bloomed. She was giving thought to cutting it down and planting something else in its place.
It was at this point that her neighbor, whose yard joined __7__ (her), called over to her. “Thank you so much! You can't imagine how much I have enjoyed the blooms of that vine you planted.”The young woman walked __8__ the gate into her neighbor's yard, and sure enough, she saw that on the other side of the wall the vine was filled with blooms.
They were indeed the most beautiful blooms she had ever seen. The vine had grown through the crevices (裂缝) and it had not flowered on her side of the wall, __9__ it had flowered on the other side.
Sometimes one may not see the good result of his effort, but that doesn't mean it isn't __10__ (success)．
语篇解读：有位女孩非常喜欢花，有一天她把一株非常漂亮的花种植到自己的院子里。她细心照料，却只见绿叶不见花。偶然一天，却发现在墙的另一侧开满了漂亮的花朵。
1．the 句意：她由祖母养大，祖母教会她热爱和照顾花儿，因此，她的花园是镇上最好的。根据本空后的best可知，此处为形容词的最高级，故填定冠词the。
2．ordered 句意：有一天，在浏览之前经常订购的鲜花订购单的时候，一株植物的图片吸引了她的注意。根据时间状语One day可知，此处讲述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填ordered。
3．prepared 句意：当它到达时，她已经准备好一个地方来种这种花。此处为“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构，prepare与a place之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填prepared。
4．leaves 句意：花的长势很好，长满了漂亮的绿叶，但是没有花朵。根据后文的“all over it”及常识可知，此处指有很多叶子，故用复数形式。leaf的复数形式为leaves。
5．trying 句中已有谓语动词talked，因此设空处应用非谓语形式；try和she之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
6．later 句意：然后，数星期之后的一天早晨，当她站在藤蔓之前时，看到它还没有开花，她非常失望。“一段时间＋later”为固定结构 ，意为“……之后”。
7．hers 根据下文可知，花开到了邻居家，由此可知两家院子是相连的，故此处用hers，相当于her graden。
8．through 根据语境可知，此处指“穿过大门”，故用介词through。
9．but/yet 句意：藤蔓已经穿过裂缝，没有在她家的那边墙开花，但是在墙的另一侧开了花。设空处前后之间为转折关系。故用连词but/yet连接。
10．successful 句意：某些时候一个人或许没看到努力所带来的好的结果，但那并不意味着不成功。设空处作isn't的表语，应用形容词形式。故填successful。
Ⅰ.语法填空
People all over the world celebrate the New Year. __1__， not all countries celebrate in the same way.
In many countries, the New Year __2__ (begin) on 1st January, but people start celebrating on 31st December, New Year's Eve. In New York many people go to celebrate in Times Square. __3__ (wait) for the New Year, they listen to music, and sing __4__ (tradition) songs. Just before 12 o'clock, everyone counts down from 10 __5__ 1. As soon as it's 12 o'clock, everyone shouts very __6__ (excited), “Happy New Year！”
New Year's Day is often a family day __7__ some families get together for a special meal. When the weather is fine, many families go out for a walk.
On New Year's Day, many people make resolutions for themselves. They write down a list of things, such as “I will help more with housework. I will work harder at school.” or “I won't spend so much time playing computer games.”When they have made __8__ (they) list, they read it to family or __9__ (friend) and promise to follow it.
So it doesn't matter how they celebrate, for people in countries all over the world, it's time __10__ (say) goodbye to the old year, and to welcome the new.
语篇解读：本文描述了世界各地人们过新年的情景。虽然庆祝的时间不同，方式各异，但它是家庭团圆的节日，是辞旧迎新之时，也是为新的一年做计划的时刻。
1．However 此处意为“然而，不是所有的国家都用相同的方式庆祝”，前后是转折关系，且空格后有逗号，故填However。
2．begins 讲述客观事实，用一般现在时；the New Year作主语，谓语动词用单数。
3．Waiting they与wait之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
4．traditional 修饰名词用形容词。
5．to from ... to ... “从……到……”，是固定搭配。
6．excitedly 修饰动词shouts，作状语，用副词。
7．when 所填词引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语，先行词为day，故填when。
8．their 修饰名词list，故用形容词性物主代词their。
9．friends 可数名词friend“朋友”在此表泛指，故用其复数形式。
10．to say It is time to do sth.“是时候去做某事了”，是固定句型。
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2018·东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟)
As the saying goes, chance favored the prepared mind. I learned this from one of my experience.
I was not chosen as member of the volleyball team of our school. Because of this, I decided to give up play volleyball. Luckily, my best friend stopped me but pointed out that it was my laziness and poor preparation which led to my failure. After that, I practiced playing volleyball on every day. When another chance of trying out arrived, I was full prepared and tried my best. As a result, I was selected and became an important player on our school team.
From this, I am firmly convincing that we are able to seize a chance as long as I get well prepared.
答案：第一句：favored→favors
第二句：experience→experiences
第三句：as后加a
第四句：play→playing
第五句：but→and; which→that
第六句：去掉on
第七句：full→fully
第九句：convincing→convinced; 第二个I→we
Ⅲ.书面表达
假定你是李华，你想邀请英国朋友John在暑假期间到你的家乡进行参观游览。请你写一封邀请函，要点如下：
1．享受免费住宿；
2．游览名胜古迹；
3．品尝特色小吃；
4．感受当地历史文化和风土人情。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear John，
How is everything going？
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear John，
How is everything going? The summer vacation is coming. I would like to invite you to come to my hometown for a visit in July.
It will be a great pleasure for you to spend the whole vacation here. While you are staying here, you will be offered housing for free, and I will show you around some places of interest in my hometown. While tasting some famous local snacks, we will experience the local history and culture as well as customs. I believe that you'll surely have a good time. I will be quite honored if you can accept my invitation.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
课件75张PPT。Unit5 Meeting your ancestors选修八知识归纳1. ____________ n. 可能的选择
adj. 供选择的; 其他的
2. ____________ n. 挨饿; 饿死
3. ____________ adj. 有观察力的; 敏锐的;
严重的; 深刻的
4. ____________ vt. 假定; 设想
5. ____________ adv. 不管; 不顾
6. ____________ adj. 足够的; 充足的; 富裕的 starvationassumeregardlessamplealternativeacute(一) 基本单词知识清单7. ____________ adj. 凌乱的; 脏的
8. ____________ n. 植物学
10. ___________ vt. 删; 删除
11. ___________ n. 痕迹; 搔; 挠
vt. 抓; 擦伤; 刮坏
12. ___________ n. 幼儿园
13. ___________ vt. 逮捕; 吸引
n. 逮捕; 拘留botanymessydeletekindergartenscratcharrest14. primitive adj. _______________________
15. analysis n. __________________
16. significance n. __________________
17. academy n. _____________________
18. yogurt n. __________________
19. wrinkle n. ___________________
20. applaud vi. __________________
21. accelerate vi. vt. __________________原始的; 远古的; 简陋的分析意义; 意思; 重要性学院; 学会; 学术团体酸奶; 酸乳酪皱纹鼓掌欢迎; 赞赏加速; 促进1. accuracy n. 精确; 准确
___________ adj. 精确的; 准确的
___________ adv. 精确地; 准确地
___________ n. 错误inaccuracyaccurateaccurately(二) 派生单词2. interrupt v. 打断……(讲话); 打岔;
暂时中止或中断
_____________ n. 中止, 中断; 阻拦物,
障碍物
_____________ n. 打断者, 阻碍者
__________________ [搭配]不中断地 without interruption interruptioninterrupter3. sharp adj. 锋利的; 尖锐的; 急剧的
__________ adv. 锐利地; 急剧地
__________ n. 锐利
__________ v. 削尖; (使) 尖锐
__________ n. 削具; 磨具sharpenersharplysharpnesssharpen4. skill n. 技巧; 熟练
__________ adj. 有技巧的; 熟练的
__________ adv. 巧妙地, 技术好的
__________ adj. 有能力的, 熟练的skilledskillfulskillfully1. 不顾; 不管 ________________
2. 遭受; 患……病; 受……苦
________________
3. 把……和……对比 ________________
4. 带某人到处参观 _________________
5. 对……感兴趣 __________________regardless ofsuffer fromcompare...with...show sb. roundbe interested in(三) 短语6. 御寒; 挡住寒气 _________________
7. 最多; 至多 _________________
8. 切碎 _________________
9. 向前看; 为将来打算 ____________
10. 追溯到 ________________
11. 在乎; 担心 _________________keep out the coldat mostcut update backcare aboutlook ahead12. look very much like ______________
13. used to do ______________
14. gather for reunions ______________
15. lie in wait (for sb.)
_____________________
16. become dizzy with hunger
______________看起来很像过去常做团聚隐蔽静候以出人不意饿得头昏眼花17. scoop up _____________
18. pull out _____________
19. with relief _____________
20. now and then _____________
21. one’s spirits rise __________________某人的情绪高涨起来搂起来拖出来宽慰地不时地1. If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!
她今年要是早有预见, 计划得更好些就好了。
if only用在虚拟语气中, 用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件。(四) 句式2. Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.
突然间她坐了下去, 但又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。
only to do/be (结果)却……3.?We?have?been?excavating?layers?of?ash
?almost?six?metres?thick, ?which?suggests?that?they?might?have?kept?the?fire?burning?
all?winter.?
我们一直在挖一层层的积灰, 几乎有六米厚, 这说明他们可能整个冬季都在烧火。
? have?been?excavating 现在完成进行时1. alternative n. 可能的选择
adj. 供选择的; 其他的
课文原句: Can you think of the alternatives we would use today？
你能想到我们今天使用的替代品吗？
【归纳】
have no alternative but to do sth.
别无选择只好做某事核心要点(一) 单词 there’s no alternative... 别无选择
an alternative to... ……的替代品
【点拨】
表示“别无选择, 只得……”的表达方式还有：
have no choice but to do;
can’t choose but do; can’t (help) but do; can do nothing but do
【拓展】 alternatively adv. 可供选择地用所给动词的适当形式填空(admit)。
He had no alternative but ________ that he was wrong.
＝He had no choice but ________ that he was
wrong.
＝He could do nothing but ______ that he
was wrong.
他除了承认他错了别无选择。to admitto admitadmit2. interrupt? vt. & vi.?打断……讲话; 打岔;
暂时中断或中止
课文原句：I’m sorry to interrupt you but
how could they live here？
对不起, 打断了你的讲话。请问他们怎么能
够住在这个地方呢？
【归纳】
interrupt?(sb. /sth.)?(with?sth.)?
打断(某人)讲话; 打岔; 打扰
【拓展】
interruption? n.? 打扰; 插嘴; 阻隔物
without interruption 连续地, 不断地interrupt 打断, 中断他人的语言或行为, 使其不能继续。
disturb 扰乱, 使人不能平衡或者扰乱别人工作、思维或正常秩序, 是程度较深的烦恼。?
bother 扰乱某人心绪而使人不能专心或专一。interrupt/disturb/bother选择interrupt, disturb, bother的正确形式填空。?
1)?She?was?_________?to?hear?of?your?
illness.??
2)?I’m?sorry?to?_________?the?meeting, ?but?
there?is?an?urgent?long-distance?call?for
Mr.?Zhou.?disturbed???interrupt???3) Don’t?_______?yourself?too?much about?me.?
4)?We?_______________?in?the?middle?of?
our?conversation.? bother???were?interrupted3. assume vt. 假定; 设想
课文原句:
So we think it is reasonable to assume they
lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.
因此, 我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒, 就住
在这些洞穴里。
【归纳】
assume sb. / sth. to be
假定/假设某人/某事为
assume that... 设想……, 假定……
It is assumed that... ……被认为 【拓展】
assumption n. 假定, 假设, 设想
make an assumption 认为, 假定
on the assumption that 假定【运用】
1) __________ (that) it rains, what shall we
do?
假如下雨的话, 我们该怎么办？
2) ____________ that shopping on the
Internet is not perfect.
人们认为网上购物是不完美的。AssumingIt is assumed4. significance n. 意义; 意思; 重要性; 重要意义
课文原句: His university was aware of the
significance of his work.
他所在的大学知道他的工作的重要性。
【归纳】
the significance of... ……的重要性/含义
be of (great) significance
有(重大)意义/(非常)重要
be of no significance 无意义/不重要
be of little significance 不太重要 【拓展】
significant adj. 有(重大)意义/(非常)重要【运用】
1) Their change of plan is strange but I think it’s ______ no significance.
他们改变了计划十分奇怪, 但我觉得没什
么意义。
2) I attach _________________ to this matter.
我很重视这件事。ofmuch significance5. somehow adv. 以……方式, 不知怎么地,
不知为什么
课文原句:
Somehow he cycled thirty miles to Dr Black because there was no alternative means of transport.
不管怎么说, 他骑车三十英里去向布莱克博士报告。因为在当时没有其他的交通工具。6. applaud? vt.?鼓掌, 称赞, 赞成??
课文原句:
She had felt so proud as the group shouted loudly to applaud his choice.
当族人为大胡的选择欢呼鼓掌的时候, 她觉得非常自豪。
【归纳】
applaud?sb.?for?sth.?
因某事而赞扬某人????????????
applaud?the?decision 赞成某个决定
【拓展】
applause? n.? 鼓掌欢迎, 欢呼7. arrest vt. 逮捕; 吸引
n. 逮捕; 拘留
课文原句: She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.
快到目的地的时候, 一阵香气扑鼻, 她不往前走了, 停了下来。
【归纳】
arrest sb. for 因……逮捕某人
get arrested 遭逮捕
arrest one’s attention 引起注意
under arrest 被捕 make an arrest 进行拘捕【运用】
1) He was the first _______________ drunk
driving.
他是第一个因醉驾而被捕的人。
2) The new election in America _________
the world’s attention.
美国的新大选吸引了世人的注意力。
3) Her laughter ___________________ and we
all stared at her.
她的笑声吸引了我们的注意, 我们都盯着她
看。to be arrested for arrestedarrested our attention1. regardless?of? 不管; 不顾(侧重指不计后
果和代价)?
? regardless?of/despite/in?spite?of?
regardless?of... 强调不认为……重要, 从而不加以重视或考虑; 而despite和in?spite?of 有“尽管……但是”之意。(二) 短语regardless?of?后可接whether, what引导的从句, 而in?spite?of和despite后不可接从句, 接名词、代词或动名词。【运用】
______________ he is right or wrong, we have to follow his decision.
无论他是对还是错, 我们必须遵守他的决定。Regardless of 2. be fed up with? 受够了; 饱受; 厌烦
课文原句:
Well, I’m fed up with all the attention
and …
噢, 我对这些关注感到厌烦，……【运用】
1) Well, I’m _____ _____ ______ (厌烦) all the attention of the public.
2) All animals including men _____ ____ (以……为食) plants or other animals.
3) You’d better ______ ______ ______ _________ ______ (把这些新鲜的蔬菜喂给) the little boy.fed up with feed on feed these freshvegetables to 3. look ahead 向前看; 为将来打算
课文原句:
If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!
她今年要是早有预见, 计划得更好些就好了！
【归纳】
look at 查看; 思考, 考虑; 研究
look after 照看, 照顾
look away from 把目光从……移开
look around 参观, 四处看看, 环顾
look back 回顾过去
look back over one’s shoulder 回头看look down upon / on 蔑视, 瞧不起
look up to 尊敬, 钦佩
look forward to 期望, 期待, 盼望
look into 调查
look like 看起来像……
look on ... as 把……看作
look out 小心, 当心look out 小心, 当心
look sb. in the eye 注视某人, 直视某人
look through 浏览, 翻阅, 审阅
look up 查阅(词或资料)
look sb. up and down 上下打量某人4. date back to = date from(+ 时间点)
追溯到, 从……就有
课文原句:
All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back to between 3, 000 and 5, 000 years ago.
所有物品都来自三星堆遗址, 它们能追溯到
3000至5000年前。
这个短语一般不用于被动语态, 也不用于进行
时态。但做后置定语时, 常用现在分词。【运用】
1) This is an old building _____________ the 16th century.
这是一栋可追溯至16世纪的古老建筑。
2) Every day a number of tourists take pictures in the front of the tower, which __________ as early as 800 years ago.
每天都有许多游客在这座可追溯到800年前的塔前拍照。dating back to dates from1. If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!
她今年要是早有预见, 计划得更好些就好了。
if?only… 表示“要是……就好了/但愿……。(三) 句式谓语动词用虚拟语气, 表示与过去、现
在和将来事实相反的愿望。
if?only...could/would/might＋do... 表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)。?
if?only...did... 表示对与目前或现在事实相反的愿望。
if?only...had?done... 表示对与过去事实相反的愿望。【运用】
1) If only I _____________ (follow) the doctor’s
advice!
要是我听从了医生的建议该多好啊！
2) If only we __________ (have) the opportunity to work in Tibet next year.
我们明年要是有机会去西藏工作就好了。had followed could have if?only用来表达愿望, “但愿……, 要是……就好了”, 句中谓语动词要用虚拟, 表达强烈的愿望或遗憾。?
only?if由副词only和从属连词if组合而成, only仅起强调作用, “只有”, 引导条件状语从句, 不用虚拟语气。若其引导的从句置于句首, 且与主语间没有逗号隔开, 则主句用倒装语序。?if?only/only?if?e.g.
If?only?we?could?afford?to?buy?a?place?of?our?own.?
Only if you promise not to invite Mary will?I?come.2. Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.
突然间她坐了下去, 结果被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了过来。
only to do/be (结果)却……
不定式短语用作结果状语, 表示意料之外或不符合说话人期望的结果。这种结构也常常在不定式前加上only来强调惊讶与失望。3.?We?have?been?excavating?layers?of?ash?
almost?six?metres?thick, which?suggests?
that?they?might?have?kept?the?fire?
burning?all?winter.?
我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰, 几乎有六
米厚, 这说明他们可能整个冬季都在烧火。
? have?been?excavating 现在完成进行时
表示从过去开始一直延续到现在, 或
将继续延续至将来。?现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别：
现在完成时表示已经完成, 而现在完成进行时表示还没完成还要延续下去或者刚刚完成。如：?
They?have?built?a?house.?(完成)??
They?have?been?building?a?house.?(尚未完成)4.?Our?evidence?suggests?they?did?indeed?
wear?clothes?made?form?animal?skins.?
我们的证据表明他们确实穿了用动物皮做成的衣服。?
? suggest最常用有两个意思：
? 1) 提议; 提出; 建议, 后接动词要用动词的ing形式, 后接宾语从句时, 从句用虚拟语气(“should+动词原形”, should常省略)。后接宾语从句要用虚拟语气的词可记为：一个坚持：insist??
二个命令：command, ?order??
四个建议: advise, ?suggest, ?recommend, ?propose
四个要求：ask, ?demand, ?request, ?require?
2) 表明, 显示, 暗示; 显出, 后接宾语从句(不用虚拟语气)。现在完成进行时语法【拓展】
现在完成进行时与现在完成时相比, 主要有三个特点：
1. 未完结性。现在完成时表示动作已完成, 而
现在完成进行时则常常具有未完成含义。
2. 短暂性。现在完成时与现在完成进行时都可
表示延续至今的状态, 但是现在完成进行时
常常表示短暂性。如：
They have lived in New York.?（长期性）
They have been living in New York.（短暂
性）3. 连续性或重复性。现在完成进行时常常
用于表示延续至今的连续性或重复性动
作。如：
I’ve been knocking. I don’t think
anybody’s in.【即学即练】选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. We _________________ (are working / have been working) on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.???
2. Joseph _____________ (has been going / has gone) to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in Russian.
3. I’m tired out. I _________________ (shopped / have been shopping) all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.????????have been workinghas been goinghave been shopping4. —Jack, you look so tired!????????????????
—Well, I __________________ (have painted /
have been painting) the house and I must
finish the work tomorrow.????
5. I have to see the doctor because I __________
_______ (have been coughing/cough) a lot lately.
6. —We’ve spent too much money recently.
—Well, it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives _______________ (are coming / have been coming) around all the time.have been paintinghave beencoughinghave been coming如何介绍文物古迹写作【写作任务】
某英文报的“Cultural Relics”栏目正面向中学生征文。请根据提示信息，用英语写一篇短文介绍莫高窟(the Mogao Caves)。
1. 位于中国西部甘肃省敦煌市东南；
2. 始建于公元366年, 后不断增补直至元代; 3. 现存洞窟492 个, 壁画(mural)约45000 平方米, 彩塑(painted sculpture)2415 尊, 展示了四到十四世纪伟大的佛教(Buddhist)艺术成就；
4. 1987 年被列入《世界遗产名录》(World
Heritage List)。
注意: 1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连
贯。【写作指导】
一、审题定调
本写作任务要求介绍莫高窟，体裁属于说明文，故语言要简洁、准确、条理清楚又要突出特色。时态多用一般过去时和一般现在时，人称以第三人称为主。
二、谋篇布局
本写作可分为三部分：
第一部分：介绍其位置和修建时间；
第二部分：描写其规模；
第三部分：说明其地位及影响。三、就本写作而言, 可围绕以下内容组织语言。
1. 第一部分：介绍其位置和修建时间。2. 第二部分：描写其规模。3. 第三部分：说明其地位及影响。【参考范文】
? 普通范文?
The Mogao Caves are located in the southeast of Dunhuang City, Gansu Province of China. They
were started in the year of 366 AD and finished in
the Yuan Dynasty. There are 492 caves now, which
contain about 45,000 square meters of murals and
2,415 painted sculptures. They show the great
achievement of Buddhist art from the 4th to the 14th
century. Because of their great artistic and cultural
values, the Mogao Caves were added to the World
Heritage List in 1987. Every year, a lot of tourists
from all over the world come to see this old
mysterious place.? 高级范文?
Located in the southeast of Dunhuang City,
Gansu Province of China, the Mogao Caves have a
long history dating back to 366 AD. They were
generally accomplished in the Yuan Dynasty. Now
492 caves are preserved, housing about 45,000
square meters of murals and 2,415 painted sculptures. They represent the outstanding
achievement of Buddhist art from the 4th to the 14th
century. They have such an important place in human culture that UNESCO included the Mogao Caves on the World Heritage List in 1987. Every year, tourists from all over the world flock to this amazing land to admire the wisdom of ancient Chinese people.巩固练习I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. The course will help students ________ (sharp) their writing skills.
2. The ________ (accurate) of the reports cannot be checked.
3. The farmers are waiting for the apples to ________ (ripe).
4. As the work tends to be a bit ________ (mess) you'll need to wear old clothes.ripen sharpenaccuracy??messy 5. The results of the study have a wider __________ (significant) for all the profession.
6. A(n) ________ (analyze) of data from Australia shows that skin cancer is on the increase.
7. Several new ________ (botany) species have been discovered in the last year.
8. Over three hundred people have died of ___________ (starve) since the beginning of the year.
9. They went about their business in a(n) ___________ (system) way.systematicsignificanceanalysis ? ? ??botanical?starvationII. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
1. —How did you break your arm?
—I slipped on the ice while I ___________ (cross) the street in front of the dorm.
2. I am sick of rain and bad weather!
Hopefully, when we ________ (wake) up
tomorrow morning, the sun ________
________ (shine).will bewas crossing?wakeshining3. —Hi, John. You look really great!
—I _________________ (work) out at the fitness center recently.
4.?By the time Bill _______ (go) to bed
tomorrow, he ____________ (have) a full
day and will be ready for sleep.
5. Peter is going to leave in half an hour. He
will finish all of his work before he
______ (leave).leaves have been workinggoeswill have had?6. —How about going to Alice's Restaurant for dinner after work?
—Sounds good. I ________ (meet) you there around six.
7. Thomas ________ (begin) to write?when he
was eighteen. Till now, altogether, he
_____________ (publish) seven novels, three
collections of short stories and a book of poetry.
8. There ________ (be) more than forty presidents
of the United States since it ________ (become)
a country.becamewill meetbeganhas publishedhave beenIII. 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The remains of Dorchester in Summerville, South Carolina, contain one of the most complete archaeological 1. ________ (record) of colonial (殖民时期的) America anywhere. Dorchester dates 2. ________ to 1697 and was founded by a group of New England Puritans (清教徒). For nearly a century, traders, planters, artisans (skilful people who makerecords ?backbeautiful things by hand) and 3. _________ (wealth) owners of local plantations lived in the village, 4. ________ eventually became an inland trade center on the north side of the Ashley River. At the beginning of the Revolutionary War, Dorchester became a fortified (设防的) American post, 5. ________ (brief ) commanded by Francis Marion, known as the Swamp Fox. The British claimed the post near the war's end, only 6. ________ (turn)wealthy to turn whichbriefly ?it over to the Americans again. Shortly afterwards, the village 7. ______________ (abandon) and left in a ruinous state until archaeological excavations began in the 1940s 8. ________ then continued more formally in the 1970s. South Carolina state archaeologist Jon Leader says that Colonial Dorchester “has everything.” The site 9. ________ (host) public archaeology excavations in the spring and fall that visitors can observe and even participatehosts was abandoned ?and ?in, and there is 10. ________ indoor lab that can be visited in winter and summer. It's also a great site for a picnic. an
