高一必修三英语Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note--Grammar名词性宾语从句 课件（共45张PPT）

课件45张PPT。None clausesnoun
adj. / adv.
infinitive
V-ing
V-ed
etc.主语谓语宾语表语VtV-lViNoun / Pronoun
The + adj
V-ing / Clause
InfinitiveNoun / Pronoun /
The + adj
V-ing / Clause / Infinitive英语句子基本成分示意图be / feel / seem / look
appear / stand / lie
become /get / grow / turn
go / come / remain/ keep
taste / smell etc. noun
pronoun
adj. / adv.
infinitive
V-ing / V-ed
clause
etc.简单句基本句型实例主语 ＋不及物动词She came./ My head aches.主语＋及物动词 ＋ 宾语She likes English.
主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 表语She is happy主语 ＋ 双宾动词 ＋ 间接宾语 ＋ 直接宾语 She gave John a book．
She bought me a book.主语 ＋ 宾补动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语
The teacher asked me to read the passage.There +be There is a book on the desk.She makes her mother angry.简单句的基本词序主语 动词部分 宾语 状语
（谓语） 方式 地点 时间I bought a hat yesterday.
The children ran home.
We ate our meal in silence.
The car stopped suddenly.
1.The world loves nature.

2.Knowledge is power .
3.We Chinese are peace-loving
subjectobjectpredicativesubjectsubjectappositionpredicativeRelated Conception (相关概念)1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。　名词性从句名词性从句在功能上相当于名词
主语 {His job is important.What he does is important.表语This is his job.This is what he does every day. {
宾语 {I don’t like his job.I don’t like what he does every day.同位语 { I don’t know about the man, Mr. White.I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.什么叫名词性从句？在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任
因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,主语、宾语、表语、同位语等
名词性从句主语从句 ( The Subject Clause)宾语从句 ( The Object Clause)表语从句 ( The Predicative Clause)同位语从句 ( The Appositive Clause)1.名词性从句中的连接词（引导词）有:
连词: that / whether /if (不充当任何成分，只起 到连接句子的作用);
连接代词: what / who/ which / whose /
whatever / whoever / whomever
/ whichever，
连接副词: where / when / why / how
/ wherever / whenever。 （是否） {引导词句型转换
1.They are good doctors. He told us. →
He told us that they were good doctors.总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变成名词性从句用that引导。2.Does your sister get up early? Do you know? →
3.Do animals have the same senses as humans? I often wonder. →
Do you know if/ whether your sister gets up early?I often wonder if/ whether animals have the same senses as humans.总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成名词性从句用if或whether引导。4.When did he buy this new bike? Could you tell me? →
5.My question is this: where will the lecture be given? →
Could you tell me when he bought this new bike?My question is where the lecture will be given.总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词来引导。总结：无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,名词性从句必须用陈述句语序,即 “主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。另外,一般情况下，名词性从句均看作单数概念。宾语从句的时态一般与主句保持一致。由what引导的主语从句一般看后面的表语。1.I don’t know who all these people are.
2.Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum ?
3.What we need is more time.
4.What we need are more English dictionaries.Practice time.单句改错1.When the meeting will be held haven’t been known yet.
2.I didn’t know that you will come.
3.He said that he is writing a story.
4.Could you tell me when will he arrive?
5.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules.______
hasn’t____
would___
was______
he will___________________
English has　2. What 和that 在引导名词性从句时的区别：缺不缺什么；
所…的东西无意义否宾语从句中能省略 I think ______it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.
His mother is satisfied with ______ he has done.
_____ he was able to come made us happy.
______ he gave me is a book.
This is _____ makes us interested .
The reason was _____ Tod had never seen the million pound note before.thatwhatThatWhatwhatthatObject Clauses 宾语从句在句中充当及物动词, 介词或某些形容词
宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。找出下列句中的宾语从句 1.I want to know whether/if she still lives there. 2.I don’t know who all these people are.3.She wants to know which film I like best.4.Please tell me where she lives.whether/if she still lives therewho all these people are.which film I like best.where she lives.5.I am certain that he is at home now.8.I am afraid he won’t come on time.6.He asked whose car it was.7.I am not interested in what he is doing.that he is at home now.whose car it was.what he is doing.he won’t come on time.　
?????2. 时态的变化 ?(1).当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。
????? I hear ( that ) Tom has been to Guilin twice .
I hear ( that ) she will come tomorrow . I hear ( that ) Jim went to work an hour ago .I hear ( that ) he is interested in English .(2).当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。????? ?????
???
He said ( that ) he would go to Xi’an .He said ( that ) he was ill yesterday .He said ( that ) he was reading a book .He said ( that ) he had had supper.
A: He said that the sun is much
bigger than the moon . B: The teacher told the students
that no news is good news .?? C: The PE teacher said that doing
morning exercise is useful to
our health .(3).当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者
是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时
态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态2.宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：
（1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；
（2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。
（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.
当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma
liked the handbag .
Let’s see if /whether we can find out some
information about that city .
She asked me if /whether she could borrow
these books .whether与if的辨用表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。
a. 主语从句b. 表语从句c. 同位语从句e. 介词后的宾语从句f.后接动词不定式 (whether to do sth.) g .从句中有 or not 时不用if
eg: I don’t know whether or not I will stay.
eg: I worry about whether I hurt
her feeling.Practice timeif / whether1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.8. I don’t know _______ to go.
if / whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略Do you know what he said just now ?
I don’t remember when we arrived .
I asked him where I could get so much money .
Please tell me who (whom) we have to see .
Do you know what time the plane leaves ?二、时态
1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时 ，
现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根
据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过
去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）I know he lives here .
I know he lived here ten years ago .
I have heard that he will come tomorrow .2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）I knew who lived here.
I saw she was talking with her mother.
He asked whether his father would come back
tomorrow.
He said that he had seen it .3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理
时用一般现在时。The teacher said that the sun travels
around the earth .三、语序
宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：
连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分1．could / would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。注意事项Could you please tell me where we show our
tickets ?
Could you tell us which gate we have to go to ?
Would you like to know when he will come back ?2. 否定的转移:若主语谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。
I don’t think this dress fits you well. (我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。)3. it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语:it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语-that从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 We heard it that she would get married next month.1.?The young man asked _____ it's summer or winter.
A. either B. that C. weather D. whether
2.??We don't know ______ they did it .
A. how B. who C. what D. which
3. The teacher asks us ____ Jim can come back on time .
A. that B. if C. when D. what time

4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not .
A. if B. where C. whether D. thatDABC5. Could you show me ________ ?
A. how can I get to the station
B. where is the station
C. how I could get to the station
D. how I can reach the station
6. Please tell me _______.
A. what does he like B. what he does like
C. what he likes D. what he like
7. My sister told him ________ .
A. what day was it B. when the train arrived
C. who she was waiting D. where did you liveCBD8. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _______ .
A. who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
9. Could you tell me how long __________ ?
A. you have bought the watch
B. you have kept this science book
C. have you been away from China
D. have you been a member of Greener China
10. He says that if it _______ tomorrow , he _______ fishing .
A. will rain , won't go B. rained , wasn't go
C. rains , won't go D. rain , will go BCDPredicative Clauses 表语从句表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句, 放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。另外,常用的还有the reason why … is that … 和It is because …等结构。例如：连接词：that / whether /as if /as though
（ if 不引导 表语从句)
连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what
连接副词：when / where / why / how / because
1.The question is whether we can rely on him.
2.That’s because we were in need of money at that time .
3. He looked as if he was going to cry .
4.That’s why I was late .
注 意：在表语从句中，表“是否” 时，只能用 “whether”不能用“If”。
一般情况下，“that”不能省。
It is /was because ….
It is /was why….
3. The reason (why…/for…)is /was that….
4 The reason is because /why…that ….名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句在这种句型中，常用表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact, truth 或表示看法，观点的名词，如idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等作主语。
1.The fact is that our team has won the game.
2.The truth is that she was the very person who informed against her husband.注意表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句相同.
但: 1. that引导表语从句时不能省.
2. if不能引导表语从句.
1. That’s ___ the Party called on us to do.
A. why B. what C. how D. that
2. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because B. why C. that D. Whether
3 .That is ___ they separated.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
4.Jane is no longer ___ she was four years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. when