中考英语专题复习：被动语态 课件（29张PPT）

the Passive Voice
被动语态

中考链接
被动语态的考察都会与时态相结合，主要表现为一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时。
一般选项的设置均为一个动词的两种不同时态和不同语态。但语境设置近年来很少出现明显的时间提示，需要分析语境才能判断出选项。
当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。（他把自行车修好了。）
当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。（自行车被他修好了）
被动语态由动词be+动词过去分词（done）构成
时态通过be表现出来
Be ? am、is、are （有人称和数的变化）

主动语态变被动语态口诀：

宾语提前主语变，
原主变宾by后见，
时态人称be关键。
1.规则动词的过去分词：
1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed
watch---watched
2)以不发音e结尾的加-d
practice---practiced
3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed
study---studied
4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed
stop---stopped
2.不规则动词的过去分词：
am
is
are

been

have
has

had
do

done
write

written
go

gone
一般现在时：
一般过去时：
一般将来时：
现在完成时：
情态动词：
S+am/is /are +done
S+was/were +done
S+ will/shall+be+ done
S+ have/has + been+ done
S+ can/may/must/should + be+ done
各种时态的被动语态构成
被打的豆豆
被动语态
遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡觉，打豆豆。
你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。

Doudou is always beaten
by someone.
昨天晚上 ，夜黑风高，它又被打了。

Doudou was beaten yesterday evening.
明天，豆豆还会面临n顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。
Tomorrow,Doudou will be beaten several times .
可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。命运一直没有改变。
Poor Doudou has been beaten for many years.
我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打 。
Our dear doudou is being beaten now .
随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。
Poor Doudou may be beaten at any time .
主动语态变成被动语态的方法
1 把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语；
2 把谓语变成被动结构（be + done）；
3 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by 之后作宾语，将主格改成宾格。
We speak English.
主语
谓语
宾语
English is spoken by us.
主语
谓语
宾语



主动语态
被动语态
1 把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语；
2 把谓语变成被动结构（be + done）；
3 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by 之后作宾语，将主格改成宾格。
They cleaned the classroom yesterday.
昨天他们打扫了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday.
昨天教室被他们打扫了。
被动语态的特殊用法
动词短语是不可分割的整体，改为被动语态时要保持其完整性，介词或副词不可遗漏。

We must take good care of the young trees.
The young trees must be taken good care of .

带双宾语的动词变成被动语态时，常有两种方法：
My uncle sent me a present last year. (sth是直接宾语，sb 是间接宾语 )
1 把主动语态的直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，间接宾语前通常加介to或for；
A present was sent to me by my uncle last year.
2 把主动语态的间接宾语变成被动语态的主语，直接宾语不变。
I was sent a present by my uncle last year.
不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to.（ make, let, hear, see, watch, notice等词 ）

Though he often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister.

by many students.
1.Many students study English.
English
is studied



2.They make shoes in that factory.
Shoes
are made
by them
in that factory.



把下列主动语态变被动语态
我吃苹果。

苹果被我吃了。

I ____ apples.
Apples ________ by me.
eat
are eaten
He ＿＿＿＿some fruits yesterday.
Some fruits＿＿＿＿＿＿ yesterday.
昨天他买了一些水果。
昨天一些水果被买。
were bought
bought

She ＿＿＿＿＿ her homework in half an hour.
Her homework＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿in half an hour.
半小时之后，她会完成作业。
她的作业将在半小时之后被做完。
will be finished
will finish
They ＿＿＿＿some beautiful songs.
Some beautiful songs ＿＿＿＿＿　by them.
他们会唱一些优美的歌曲。
一些优美的歌曲能被他们唱。
can sing
can be sung
Answer right or wrong

1.必须照看好孩子们。
The children must be taken good care .( )
The children must be taken good care of .( )
2.这本书是鲁迅写的。
This book was wrote by Lu Xun.( )
This book was written by Lu Xun.( )
3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。
That pencil was given me by him yesterday.( )
That pencil was given to me by him yesterday.( )

×
√
×
√
×
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Thank you !