人教版必修三Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars Language points课件 (共65张PPT)

课件65张PPT。人教课标版
高一必修3 Unit 4英 语 课 件Language points预习案一1. It was almost midnight that a fire broke out in the neighborhood.
2. Now that you are here, why not have a drink?
3. ---Did you catch your plane?
---Yes, we got there just in time.
4. As time goes by, everything will be OK.
5. The woman finally gave birth to a boy after suffering so much pain.6. In near future, it will not be only a dream for human to make a trip into space.
7. The dish tastes good after it cools down.
8. ---Will you go fishing this afternoon?
---Well, it all depends on the weather.
9. After a while I got the hang of it and we began to enjoy ourselves.
10. The crowd cheered up when they saw the teams arrive.探究点一1. No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago.No one sees what he’s saying, as it is too hard. 仿写：没人明白他在说什么，因为那太难理解了。2. However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.
begin with=start with：“以……开始”.
1) to begin with=to start with 以…为起点; 开始(做)
这两个词组都可以单独使用,表示“首先; 第一; 起
初; 最初”。 在句中作时间状语。
e.g. To begin/start with, I couldn’t like him at all.
起初, 我一句也没弄明白。3. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.
What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.
[考点] what引导的主语从句，第一句what 在从句中作become的宾语，第二句what在从句中作主语。[考例1] _____ was most important to
her, she told me, was her family.（山东
2008）
A. It B. This C. What D. As
[点拨]选B。what引导主语从句，并在
从句中作主语。若选it则应去掉第二个
is；as引导定语从句，若选as则应去掉is
that。[考例2] ______ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（福建 2008）
A. It B. What
C. As D. Which
[点拨] what引导主语从句并且在从句中作say and do的宾语。1. ______________________（使大家吃惊的是）is that he didn’t come to the meeting. What surprised everybody 2. ___________（他所做的）added to our
difficulty. What he did 仿写: 李老师明天将去北京，直到那时才能知道谁将代替她给我们上课。
___________________________________________________________________
________Who will give us lessons in place of Miss Li isn’t known until tomorrow when she will go to Beijing.5. They were in time to produce the water...
in time: sooner or later; eventually;
I’ll see him in time.
in time (for sth. /to do sth.): not late
She will be back in time to prepare dinner. 与time相关的短语:
in no time 立刻, 马上
at times 有时
at a time 每次;依次
once upon a time 从前
on time 按时;准时
at one time 从前
for the time being 暂时
from time to time 不时地 (sth) be to (do):
1. 不可避免要发生或必须发生。
She is to be honoured for this great work.
2. 表示按计划、安排要发生的动作
When are they to hand in their plan?
3. 表命令
Tell her she is not to be back late!6. …as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.
随着地球的冷却, 地球的表面就开始出现了水。
1) cool down 变凉, 冷却,平息, 冷静
晒了一天的太阳之后, 他喜欢在海水中凉快
一下。
After a day in the sun, he liked to
__________ in the sea.
他的话平息了她的怒气。
His words _____________ her anger. cool downcooled down2) appear “出现, 似乎”是不及物动词当表示 “似乎, 好像”时是系动词, 该词无被动语态。
Our teacher appeared on TV this morning.I. 含义上的差异
appear 是指根据事物的外表表象做出判断的, 但实质上并不一定如此; seem是表示说话人主观上的判断, 暗含有一定的根据, 往往接近事实的判断; look是根据视觉印象而得出的判断, 实质上也可能如此。She is fifty but she appears young. 她五十岁了, 但看起来很年轻。(其实并非如此)
She seems young.
她看起来很年轻。(根据个人的主观判断而推断出)
She looks young. 她很年轻。(从她外表可以感觉出) 7. It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.
水会对于生命的发展起关键作用, 这一点在当时并不太明显。
本句体现的是名词性从句在句中作主语的作用,虽然是以It开头, 可是It只起到形式主语的作用, 真正的主语是that water was to be fundamental to the development of life。用It做形式主语是因为that引导的从句较长, 如果按照正常语序来安排的话就显得头重脚轻了。如:It is no wonder that he has passed the exam.
It is quite necessary for us to learn English well.8. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.
Chain reaction 连锁反应
Make it possible for life to develop.
使生命的发展成为可能
make it + adj./n. sb. /sth. to do sth.组长让我们可以一起合作。
The group leader
____________________________________.
老师让他们跟容易地明白那个问题。
The teacher ________________________________________________.make it possible for us to work togethermade it easy for them to understand
the question9. They produced young generally by laying eggs.
lay-laid-laid-laying 放, 把......放在......; 产卵
He laid his books on the desk.
注意:
lay (laid; laid; laying) 放置;产卵
lie (lay; lain; lying) 躺;位于
lie (lied; lied; lying) 说谎 The naughty boy ___ to me that the hen that ___ there just now had ___ two eggs the day before.
A. laid; laid; laid B. laid; lay; lain
C. lied; laid; lain D. lied; lay; laidD10. … they gave birth to young baby animals
1) 生（孩子）
She’s just given birth to a healthy baby girl.
她刚刚生了个健康的女婴。
2) 产生
The extraordinary experience gave birth to his latest novel.
这段奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部小说的诞生。11. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. 他们把太多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中, 这就是使得热量不能从地球上散发到太空中去。阅读下列句子, 注意prevent ... from的意思和用法。
1. There was nothing to prevent her from doing so.
2. We must prevent the water from being polluted.
3. The emperor ordered his porters to prevent the speaker entering the building. [归纳] prevent ... from的意思是____________________________。from后多跟动词-ing形式(句1、句2)；有时可省略from(句3)。
[拓展] 近义短语有: stop ... from 阻止……干某事; keep ... from 阻止……干某事。注意: prevent和stop后的from都可以省略, 而keep ... from 中的from则不能省略，如果省略了, 其意义将发生改变。制止、阻止、使……不做某事1). No one can prevent the plans ___ out.
A. to be carried B. from carrying
C. not to carry D. from being carried
2). They tried to prevent the plane from ___ on the runway.
A. land B. landing
C. to land D. being landed12. …the earth may become too hot to live on.
地球可能会因此变得太热而不适合生物的生存。 有关too的一些用法
too作 “太” 讲。
There is too much water.水太多了。
This shirt is too large for me. 这衬衫我穿起来太大。
The problem is rather too hard for me. 这个问题对我来说太难了。2) 当“too ＋adj.(形容词)＋inf.(动词不定式)”时, 有两种不同的意义, 一种为“太……以至(不)……”, 在翻译时要加上一个否定词;另一种是“太……”, 语意肯定, 但too后的形容词常用ready, heavy, beautiful等。The question is too hard to understand.问题太难, 理解不了。
He is too proud to see his own shortcomings. 他太骄傲了以至于看不到自己的缺点。
You are too ready to find fault with others. 你太爱挑别人的毛病了。 3) 当“only/all/not/but＋too ＋adj. (形容词) ＋ inf. (动词不定式)”时, 后面的动词不定式在翻译时不必加否定词。only等与too连用等于very (非常)。I shall be only too pleased to hear from you further. 我非常欢迎你再来信。
They are but too glad to do so. 他们非常喜欢这么做。
We are only too pleased to work together with the workers. 我们和工人们一起劳动, 非常高兴。4) 在“cannot／can never...too”结构中，应理解为“无论怎样……也不会过分”。
You cannot praise him too highly. 你无论怎样表扬他也不过分。 We cannot be too careful in doing experiments. 我们做实验无论怎样小心也不过分。
You can never be too careful of your health. 你越注意健康越好。---- Are you going to the football game?
---- No. The tickets are __ expensive for me. A. very much B. far too C. highly D. so much
解析: too+形容词+for sb. 表示 “太……”, far 可置于too前表示 程度。B13. …whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
在未来的千百万年中, 生命能否在地球一延续将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。 depend vi. 相信, 信赖;依靠, 依赖 (尤指钱); 视……而定
① You can depend on John — he is always on time. 你可以相信约翰, 他总是很准时。相关短语：believe sb. 相信某人（所说的话）
believe in sb. 信任/信赖某人
trust (in) sb. 相信/信任/信赖某人
depend on
count on sb.
rely on 信任/相信/依赖/依靠某人Tell him what you want to say; he’s a man to __. A. count B. believe C. trust D. depend
解析:相信/信赖某人:count on sb./believe in sb./depend on sb./trust (in) sb.CI. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。
1. This _____ (理论) helps to explain how animals communicate with each other.
2. The final cost could be as much as one b_____ dollars.
3. 31 people have been injured in _____ (暴力的) incidents throughout the day.练习坊theorybillionviolent4. Across the g_____, sea level varies by hundreds of feet.
5. A(n) _____ (原子) is so small that we can not see it.
6. Smoking is h______ to health, but some people cannot get rid of it.
7. The best way to get that _____________ (二氧化碳) into the atmosphere is to warm the entire planet.globeatomharmful carbon dioxide8. The new owners have tried to give the restaurant a more family-friendly __________ (气氛).
9. O_____ is a kind of gas that is necessary for most animals and plants to live.
10. I was surprised by the _________ (出席) of so many people at the meeting. atmosphereOxygenpresenceII. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The ship rocked _________ (violent) from side to side, causing many passengers to feel seasick.
2. There is a ___________ (fundament) difference in attitude between these two politicians.
3. It is generally accepted that smoking is _______ (harm) to our health.violentlyfundamentalharmful4. Our problems have _________ (multiply) since last year.
5. Scientists want to know whether life ______ (exist) on other planets.
6. She listened with a _______ (puzzle) expression on her face.multipliedexistspuzzledIII. 用适当的介词填空。
1. According ___ our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library.
2. To begin _____, we ought to know what we are studying for.
3. When the fire broke out in the movie theater, people lost their heads and ran ___ all directions.towithin4. The car came to a stop just ___ time to prevent an accident.
5. He usually comes to school early. It’s very ______ him to be so late today.
6. A knowledge of physics is fundamental ___ any understanding of this problem.
7. The smell of rain and wetness was everywhere. It seemed to fill me _____ energy.inunliketowith8. When you are young, you dream about all sorts ___ things.
9. He grows not only vegetables but also flowers in his garden; that is, he grows flowers _________ vegetables.
10. A seed can grow ____ a tree, and trees make up beautiful forests.
11. Can you tell me how China is different ______ your country?ofas well asintofrom12. ___ the past he had to read by candlelight.
13. She gave birth ___ a fine healthy baby last week.
14. In the teacher’s class, the students often answer his questions ___ turn.
15. How much oil can be put _____ this bottle?Intoininto16. What can we do to keep the disease ______ spreading?
17. As a result ___ what had happened, we decided to change the rules.
18. I’ ve been old enough to earn my living, so I’ll no longer depend _________ my father.
19. Do you know that crocodiles reproduce ___ laying eggs?fromofon / uponbyIV. 用括号中所给单词或短语的适当形式翻译下列句子。沙尘暴导致了连锁反应，最后造成火车撞毁。
(lead to; chain) 2. 移动电话使得我们不论在何处都能与他人交谈。(make it possible for sb. to do sth.) The sandstorm led to a chain reaction which ended in a serious train crash. Mobile phones make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere. 4. 请你告诉我怎样防止这种事情发生好吗？
(prevent ... from ... )3. 新鲜空气对于身体健康必不可少。(be fundamental to ...) Would you please tell me how to prevent this kind of thing from happening?Fresh air is fundamental to good health. 5. 新鲜空气对于身体健康是必不可少的。
(be fundamental to ... )6. 他除了给我忠告外，还给我钱。
(as well as)He gave me money as well as advice.Fresh air is fundamental to good health.8. 结果，他们拯救了这片森林里90％的树木。7. 他不知如何回这封信。As a result, they saved 90% of the trees in the forest.He was puzzled (about) how to answer the letter.沙尘暴导致了连锁反应，最后造成火车撞毁。
移动电话使得我们不论在何处都能与他人交谈。
新鲜空气对于身体健康必不可少。
请你告诉我怎样防止这种事情发生好吗？
他不知如何回这封信。
翻译探究一1.老师今天说的话是十分正确的。
(what)
2.这个周末班主任是否会去你家还没决定。
（whether）
3.她犯了这样一个错误, 真是遗憾。
(a. It作形式主语；b.不用形式主语)
4.他变成了富翁, 这是我们镇上人人皆知的事。
(a. It作形式主语；b.不用形式主语)
5.太阳从东方升起，这是普通常识。
(a. It作形式主语；b.不用形式主语)
6.谁将是期中考试的冠军，大家都不知道。
(a. It作形式主语；b.不用形式主语)
翻译探究二66. 令我们中国人骄傲的是我们可以成功发射载人宇宙飞船。(4分；主语从句和表语从句)
67. 阻止大气污染是我们应尽的责任。(4分；prevent...from)
68. 我一直想掌握天文学方面的知识。(4分；get the hang of)
69. 我不想太多地依靠父母。(3分；depend on)
70. 有机会看到神州五号的发射，我感到很幸运。 (4分；have a chance to)66. What we Chinese are proud of is that we can successfully launch manned spacecraft.
67. It’s our responsibility to prevent the air from being polluted.
68. I’ve been trying to get the hang of the knowledge of astronomy.
69. I don’t want to depend much on my parents.
70. I was lucky enough to have a chance to see the launching of Shenzhou-V.What the teacher said today was quite right.?
老师今天说的话是十分正确的。
It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.
她犯了这样一个错误, 真是遗憾。
That he has become a rich man is known to all in our town.
他变成了富翁, 这是我们镇上下班人人皆知的事。”
太阳从东方升起，这是普通常识。
That the sun rises in the east is common knowledge.
谁将是期中考试的冠军，大家都不知道。
Who will be the top one in the mid-term exam is unknown.