人教版选修七 Unit 2 Robots Grammar不定式被动式讲与练课件 (共38张PPT)
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| 名称 | 人教版选修七 Unit 2 Robots Grammar不定式被动式讲与练课件 (共38张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 143.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2018-12-13 18:25:15 | ||
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课件38张PPT。 Revision of The passive Infinitive不定式被动式讲与练不定式语法? 不定式的时态和语态 不定式有时态和语态的变化，时态共四种，即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。语态分为主动语态和被动语态，如下表所示。Discovering useful structures
Go over the passive voice
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表
示的动作的承受者时，一般要用不定式
的被动式。不定式的被动式可以在句中
作主语、作宾语、作表语、作定语、
作状语。1. It’s an honour to be invited to the ceremony.
2. She didn’t like to be treated as a child.
3. His dream was to be admitted to a good university.
4. There are a lot of things to be discussed.
5. She was sent there to be trained for the space flight.作主语作宾语作表语作定语作状语不定式的被动式在句中作什么成分注意：
感官动词和一些使役动词的不定式的主动形式要省去to，但在变成被动语态后需要加上to。能这样用的动词有:make, have, let, see, hear, notice, listen to, watch等。如：
We often see him act like that.
= He is often seen to act like that.
我们常常看到他这样做。2) 在can’t help but, have nothing to do but结构中，介词but后的不定式省去to。如：
I can’t help (but) suspect his motive.
我不禁怀疑起他的动机。3) 在动词want, hope, manage, offer, promise, pretend, agree, expect等之后，用不定式作宾语；另外在动词tell, advise, show, teach, find out,
decide, discuss, forget等后，常用一个带连接代词/副词的不定式作宾语。如：
We must decide whether to go or stay.
我们得决定去还是留。4. 假如不定式所表示的动词，在谓语所表示的动词（或状态）之前发生，该不定式要用完成式。如：
I’m glad to have seen your mother.
=I’m glad that I have seen your mother.
很高兴见过你母亲。解读动词不定式误：We don’t allow to smoke in the lecture hall.
正：We don’t allow smoking in the lecture hall.
正：We don’t allow people to smoke in the lecture hall.解析：在allow后跟动名词作宾语；当allow后有宾主时，则用不定式作补语，即allow sb to do sth。2. 误：She was the first person thinking of the idea.
正：She was the first person to think of the idea.解析：当序数词或由序数词所修饰的名词带定语时，此定语通常由不定式来充当。3. 误：We need some paper to write.
正：We need some paper to write on.解析：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须跟相应的介词。但如果不定式所修饰的名词是time, place或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。如：
He had no money and no place to live (in). 他没有钱，也没有住的地方。4. 误：The question being discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one.
正：The question to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one.5. 误：This boy was seen come late this morning.
正：This boy was seen to come late this morning.解析：感官动词和使役动词转换为被动结构时，其后的不定式需要带to。???一、 不定式的被动形式有下列用法1．作主语：
It is an honour for me to be asked
to speak here.
2．作宾语：
She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.一 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式。
．3．作定语：
Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers’ office?
二、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式，在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如：
The book is said to have been translated into many languages. （复合谓语）
She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (宾语)三、不定式的主动形式表示被动1．在there be结构中。
例如： There is a lot of homework to do．
(也可用to be done) There is no time to lose (to be lost). 三、不定式的主动形式表示被动1. 在“n.／pron. + be + adj. + to do”结构中。其中形容词常见的有easy, difficult, important, impossible等,一般用主动形式表示被动意义。The work is impossible to finish in two days. (The work is finished.)
工作不可能两天之内完成。
English is not so easy to learn. (English is learnt.) 英语并不好学。2.在“too—to do; enough…to…”结构中。如：
The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out)．
The house is big enough to live in.4．在“with+n+to do”结构中。
例如： With nothing to do，he lay in bed． With so many exercises to do，I can‘t go to the cinema．5．当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。
例如： I have a letter to type today．
(I是to type的逻辑主语)
Do you have anything to say?
(you是to say的逻辑主语) 不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义
不定式的逻辑主语和逻辑宾语都出现在不定式前面，只能用主动形式；若在句中找不到不定式的逻辑主语，则用不定的被动形式。如：
Do you have anything to wash today?
(to wash的主语为句子的主语you，其逻辑宾语为anything。)
你今天要洗什么吗？Do you have anything to be washed?
(to be washed不是you做，而是由“我”或其他人来做)
你有什么要其他人洗的吗？6．当不定式隐含在for sb to do结构中
时。
例如： This is the best book to read (=for us／you to read)． The important thing to do is to lock the door when we leave the house． 7. 在一些固定用法，如“挨骂，受责备，受批评” 用be to blame；“（东西等）出租”用to let(出租)。如：
He is to blame for what he has done.
他应为他所做的受责备。
The house is to let.
房子要出租。 8. 在There be/ seem…+主语+to do表示存在的句型中的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义（也就是说，我们可能会见到被动形式，但主动形式要好得多）。
There’s not enough food to eat. (The food is eaten.)
没有足够的食物吃。There’s no chair to sit on. (The chair is sat on.)
没有椅子坐。
但在下列句子中，只能用主动形式。如：
There’s not enough food for us to eat.
我们没有足够的食物吃。NOTICE动词不定式主动语态形式的使用要比被动语态形式的使用普遍，有时（尤其在口语中）虽然意思上是被动的，也往往用主动语态形式来表示。
I have three motors to repair today.
The task is difficult to finish on time. (2007辽宁卷)
The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ____ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.
breaking B. having broken
C. to have broken D. to break实战演练解析：
C 本题考查非谓语动词的时态。由sb. be reported to do sth. 句型，先排除A，B。因为break这个动词发生在report之前，所以应用不定式的完成式作主语补足语。该句相当于It was reported that Liu Xiang had broken the world record in the 110-metre hurdle race.2. (2008全国卷I)
I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _____.
to be breathed B. to breathe
C. breathing D. being breathed解析：
B 本题考查非谓动词。在形容词good, easy, difficult, important, impossible等之后一般用主动形式表示被动意义。该句可转化为It is so good to breathe the morning air.3. (2008湖南卷)______ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
Completing B. Complete
C. Completed D. To complete解析：D 本题考查不定式作目的状语。句意为：为了按计划完成工程，我们必须每天多干两个小时的活。to complete the project as planned 作目的状语。 I hurried to the meeting hall, only____ that the meeting had been put off.
A. to tell B. to be told
C. telling D. toldB Little Tom should love____ to the theater this evening.
A. to be taken B. to take
C. being taken D. takingA With a lot of problems____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(2002年上海春季高考)
A. settled B. settling
C. to settle D. being settledC Visitors____ not to touch the exhibits.
A. will request
B. request
C. are requesting
D. are requestedDAllen had to call a taxi because the box was
_____ to carry all the way home. (MET2003)
A. much too heavy B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much D. too heavy muchtoo much 修饰不可数名词，表示太多，如：There is too much noise in the city.
much too 表示程度，相当于too ，太，如：I was much too tired to get up.太.....而不能
Go over the passive voice
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表
示的动作的承受者时，一般要用不定式
的被动式。不定式的被动式可以在句中
作主语、作宾语、作表语、作定语、
作状语。1. It’s an honour to be invited to the ceremony.
2. She didn’t like to be treated as a child.
3. His dream was to be admitted to a good university.
4. There are a lot of things to be discussed.
5. She was sent there to be trained for the space flight.作主语作宾语作表语作定语作状语不定式的被动式在句中作什么成分注意：
感官动词和一些使役动词的不定式的主动形式要省去to，但在变成被动语态后需要加上to。能这样用的动词有:make, have, let, see, hear, notice, listen to, watch等。如：
We often see him act like that.
= He is often seen to act like that.
我们常常看到他这样做。2) 在can’t help but, have nothing to do but结构中，介词but后的不定式省去to。如：
I can’t help (but) suspect his motive.
我不禁怀疑起他的动机。3) 在动词want, hope, manage, offer, promise, pretend, agree, expect等之后，用不定式作宾语；另外在动词tell, advise, show, teach, find out,
decide, discuss, forget等后，常用一个带连接代词/副词的不定式作宾语。如：
We must decide whether to go or stay.
我们得决定去还是留。4. 假如不定式所表示的动词，在谓语所表示的动词（或状态）之前发生，该不定式要用完成式。如：
I’m glad to have seen your mother.
=I’m glad that I have seen your mother.
很高兴见过你母亲。解读动词不定式误：We don’t allow to smoke in the lecture hall.
正：We don’t allow smoking in the lecture hall.
正：We don’t allow people to smoke in the lecture hall.解析：在allow后跟动名词作宾语；当allow后有宾主时，则用不定式作补语，即allow sb to do sth。2. 误：She was the first person thinking of the idea.
正：She was the first person to think of the idea.解析：当序数词或由序数词所修饰的名词带定语时，此定语通常由不定式来充当。3. 误：We need some paper to write.
正：We need some paper to write on.解析：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须跟相应的介词。但如果不定式所修饰的名词是time, place或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。如：
He had no money and no place to live (in). 他没有钱，也没有住的地方。4. 误：The question being discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one.
正：The question to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one.5. 误：This boy was seen come late this morning.
正：This boy was seen to come late this morning.解析：感官动词和使役动词转换为被动结构时，其后的不定式需要带to。???一、 不定式的被动形式有下列用法1．作主语：
It is an honour for me to be asked
to speak here.
2．作宾语：
She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.一 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式。
．3．作定语：
Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers’ office?
二、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式，在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如：
The book is said to have been translated into many languages. （复合谓语）
She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (宾语)三、不定式的主动形式表示被动1．在there be结构中。
例如： There is a lot of homework to do．
(也可用to be done) There is no time to lose (to be lost). 三、不定式的主动形式表示被动1. 在“n.／pron. + be + adj. + to do”结构中。其中形容词常见的有easy, difficult, important, impossible等,一般用主动形式表示被动意义。The work is impossible to finish in two days. (The work is finished.)
工作不可能两天之内完成。
English is not so easy to learn. (English is learnt.) 英语并不好学。2.在“too—to do; enough…to…”结构中。如：
The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out)．
The house is big enough to live in.4．在“with+n+to do”结构中。
例如： With nothing to do，he lay in bed． With so many exercises to do，I can‘t go to the cinema．5．当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。
例如： I have a letter to type today．
(I是to type的逻辑主语)
Do you have anything to say?
(you是to say的逻辑主语) 不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义
不定式的逻辑主语和逻辑宾语都出现在不定式前面，只能用主动形式；若在句中找不到不定式的逻辑主语，则用不定的被动形式。如：
Do you have anything to wash today?
(to wash的主语为句子的主语you，其逻辑宾语为anything。)
你今天要洗什么吗？Do you have anything to be washed?
(to be washed不是you做，而是由“我”或其他人来做)
你有什么要其他人洗的吗？6．当不定式隐含在for sb to do结构中
时。
例如： This is the best book to read (=for us／you to read)． The important thing to do is to lock the door when we leave the house． 7. 在一些固定用法，如“挨骂，受责备，受批评” 用be to blame；“（东西等）出租”用to let(出租)。如：
He is to blame for what he has done.
他应为他所做的受责备。
The house is to let.
房子要出租。 8. 在There be/ seem…+主语+to do表示存在的句型中的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义（也就是说，我们可能会见到被动形式，但主动形式要好得多）。
There’s not enough food to eat. (The food is eaten.)
没有足够的食物吃。There’s no chair to sit on. (The chair is sat on.)
没有椅子坐。
但在下列句子中，只能用主动形式。如：
There’s not enough food for us to eat.
我们没有足够的食物吃。NOTICE动词不定式主动语态形式的使用要比被动语态形式的使用普遍，有时（尤其在口语中）虽然意思上是被动的，也往往用主动语态形式来表示。
I have three motors to repair today.
The task is difficult to finish on time. (2007辽宁卷)
The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ____ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.
breaking B. having broken
C. to have broken D. to break实战演练解析：
C 本题考查非谓语动词的时态。由sb. be reported to do sth. 句型，先排除A，B。因为break这个动词发生在report之前，所以应用不定式的完成式作主语补足语。该句相当于It was reported that Liu Xiang had broken the world record in the 110-metre hurdle race.2. (2008全国卷I)
I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _____.
to be breathed B. to breathe
C. breathing D. being breathed解析：
B 本题考查非谓动词。在形容词good, easy, difficult, important, impossible等之后一般用主动形式表示被动意义。该句可转化为It is so good to breathe the morning air.3. (2008湖南卷)______ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
Completing B. Complete
C. Completed D. To complete解析：D 本题考查不定式作目的状语。句意为：为了按计划完成工程，我们必须每天多干两个小时的活。to complete the project as planned 作目的状语。 I hurried to the meeting hall, only____ that the meeting had been put off.
A. to tell B. to be told
C. telling D. toldB Little Tom should love____ to the theater this evening.
A. to be taken B. to take
C. being taken D. takingA With a lot of problems____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(2002年上海春季高考)
A. settled B. settling
C. to settle D. being settledC Visitors____ not to touch the exhibits.
A. will request
B. request
C. are requesting
D. are requestedDAllen had to call a taxi because the box was
_____ to carry all the way home. (MET2003)
A. much too heavy B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much D. too heavy muchtoo much 修饰不可数名词，表示太多，如：There is too much noise in the city.
much too 表示程度，相当于too ，太，如：I was much too tired to get up.太.....而不能