2018-2019学年高二英语人教版选修八：Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors同步练习
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| 名称 | 2018-2019学年高二英语人教版选修八：Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors同步练习 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2018-12-14 17:13:51 | ||
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Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
1、In our country, all citizens enjoy the right to vote and to be voted, ________ race, religion or sex.
A.regardless of???????????B.because of C.as a result of???????????D.in case of
2、It is urgent that the ??????? problem of air pollution in the city ????????? solved.
A.violent;be B.acute;be C.disturbing;will be D.evident;will be
3、He has eaten so many eggs since his childhood that he is _______ them now.
A.looking forward to?????B.dating back to C.team up with??????D.fed up with
4、If the police _______ somebody, the person is taken to a police station and kept there because the police believe they may be guilty of a crime.
A.delete?????B.accelerate?????C.sharpen?????D.arrest
5、Speaking in an inspection of Yunnan Province, Xi Jinping said the authorities must _____ poverty removal efforts to support the building of a rich and successful country. A.anticipate B.allocate C.appreciate D.accelerate
6、A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _________your year ahead.
A.shape??????B.switch?????C.stretch?????D.sharpen
7、—Oh, I am sick of the weather here.
—So am I. It_______ since last Friday. Wish it could stop raining tomorrow.
A.rained?????????????B.has rained C.has been raining????????D.was raining
8、John and I _______ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _______each other several times before that.
A.had been; have seen B.have been; have seen C.had been; had seen D.have been; had seen
9、The crazy fans?_____ patiently for two hours,and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
A.were waiting B.had been waiting C.had waited D.would wait
10、This is the first time I ______ such beautiful music .
A.heard??????B.am hearing?????C.will hear?????D.have heard
11、Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of correct answers. That question is “What’s your name?” Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct. Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?
??? People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.
??? Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.
??? The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪);someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.
???? Other early surnames came from people’s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village.?Some other occupational names are: Carter --- a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter --- a person who made pots and pans. The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.
??? Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.
??? Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name. English-speaking people added –s or –son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.
1.Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover? A.Places where people lived. B.People’s characters. C.Talents that people possessed. D.People’s occupations. 2.According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _______. A.owned or drove a cart B.made things with metals C.made kitchen tools or containers D.built houses and furniture 3.Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _______. A.Beatrice Smith B.Leonard Carter C.George Longstreet D.Donald Greenwood 4.The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a person’s _____. A.later generations B.friends and relatives C.colleagues and partners D.later bosses
12、??? Human beings have used tools for a very long time. In some parts of the world you can still find tools that people used more than two million years ago. They made these tools by hitting one stone against another. In this way, they broke off pieces from one of the stones. These chips of stone were usually sharp on one side. People used them for cutting meat and skin from dead animals, and also for making other tools out of wood. Human beings needed to use tools because they did not have sharp teeth like other meat eating animals, such as lions and tigers. Tools helped people to get food more easily.
??? Working with tools also helped to develop human intelligence. The human brain grew bigger, and human beings began to invent more and more tools and machines. The stone chip was one of the first tools that people used, and perhaps it is the most important. Some scientists say that it was the key to success of mankind.??
??? Since 1960 a new kind of tool has appeared. This is the silicon chip -- a little chip of silicon crystal. It is smaller than a finger nail, but it can store more than a million "bits" of information. It is an electronic brain. Every year these chips get cleverer, but their size gets smaller, and their cost gets less. They are used in watches, calculators and intelligent machines that we can use in many ways.? In the future we will not need to work with tools in the old way. Machines will do everything for us. They will even talk and play games with us. People will have plenty of spare time. But what will they do with it??
??? Human beings used stone chips for more than two million years, but human life changed very little in that time. We have used silicon chips for only a few years, but life is changing faster every day. What will life be like twenty years from now? What will the world be like two million years from now??
1.From paragraph 1, we can know ________. A.why early human beings cut skin from dead animals B.how early human beings discovered the tools C.what early human beings used the tools for D.what food early human beings stored 2.The stone chip is thought to be the most important tool because it ________. A.was very important to the development of mankind B.led to the invention of machines in the early time C.developed cooking abilities of mankind D.was one of the first tools of mankind 3.Which of the following is not true about the silicon chip? A.It has appeared since 1960. B.It is an electronic brain and can store a lot of information. C.It is a chip of silicon crystal and is very small. D.It becomes cleverer and more expensive every year.
13、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
????While you are travelling abroad, cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes, which can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals.①__________
????●Touching Someone
????②__________?In Mediterranean countries, if you don’t touch someone’s arm when talking to them or if you don’t greet them with kisses or a warm hug, you’ll be considered cold. But backslap(拍背) someone who isn’t a family member or a good friend in Korea, and you'll make them uncomfortable. InThailand, the head is considered sacred—never even pat a child on the head.
????●Talking Over Dinner
????In some countries, like China,Japan and some African nations, the food’s the thing, so don’t start chatting about your day's adventures while everyone else is digging into dinner.③__________?It’s not because your group is unfriendly, but because meal times are for eating, not talking.
????● Removing Your Shoes or Not
????Take off your shoes when arriving at the door of a London dinner party and the hostess will find you uncivilized, but fail to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia, Hawaii, or the Pacific Islands and you'll be considered disrespectful. So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces.④__________
????Once you are on the ground of a different country, remain highly sensitive to native behavior.⑤__________?And don’t feel offended if something seems offensive—like queue jumping. After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different.
A.Personal space varies as you travel the globe.
B.Asians consider removing shoes impolite at home.
C.Never be completely surprised by anything.
D.The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his idea.
E.Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.
F.If not, keep the shoes on.
G.You'll likely be met with silence.
14、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及二个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
??? Nearly five years beforehand with the help?by our father,my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in?our back garden. Since then—for all these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result,the plants are growing somewhere.The fruits are small in size,but juicy and taste.There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
15、假如下周将有一些来自友好学校的英国师生到你校进行一周的友好访问,请你代表全体师生用英语写一篇欢迎词,内容包括:
1. 欢迎英国客人的到来;
2. 介绍在你校期间活动安排(参观学校;共同进行环保项目研究;足球比赛;参观中国家庭、吃中国美食);
3. 希望达到的目的:交流文化,相互学习。
注意:
1.词数100左右,开头结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Honorable British guests, dear teachers and fellow students,
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
??? Thanks for listening!
答案以及解析
1、答案及解析：
答案：A
解析：考查短语介词。句意:在我们国家,所有公民不管种族、宗教和性别都享有选举权和被选举权。regardless of“不管,无论”,符合句意。because of“因为,由于”; as a result of“作为结果”; in case of“万一;假设”。
2、答案及解析：
答案： B
解析： 句意:城市的大气污染严重,这一问题急需解决。acute强烈的,严重的,暗含紧急程度,符合句意。violent暴力的,粗暴的,猛烈的,强烈的,暗含暴力行为,也指破坏性的或不可控‘的自然力量;disturbing令人不安的;evident清楚的,显然的,均不符合句意。在It is urgent that…句式中,that从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用should do形式,should可以省略;又因此处solve与problem之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用be solved。
3、答案及解析：
答案：D
4、答案及解析：
答案：D
5、答案及解析：
答案： D
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。anticipate 预期,预料;allocate分配;appreciate 欣赏,感激;accelerate加速,加快,accelerate poverty removal efforts加大消除贫困的力度。句意:习近平在视察云南时的讲话中说,当地部门必须加大消除贫困的力度,为建设一个富强而成功的国家作贡献。
6、答案及解析：
答案：A
解析：考查动词辨析。A.shape塑造,决定......的形成,影响......的发展;B.switch转变,交换,调班;C.stretch拉长,拉紧,伸展,伸长,延伸消耗;D. sharpen提高,使尖锐,变得清晰。句意:快速回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。故选A。
7、答案及解析：
答案：C
8、答案及解析：
答案：D
解析：for+时间段表示从过去某时延续至今的动作或状态,用现在完成时;meet发生在got to know 这一过去动作之前,用过去完成时。
9、答案及解析：
答案： B
解析： 根据句中的时间状语for two hours和and后的句子“they would wait till...”可知,the crazy fans已等了两个小时并还要继续等下去,故用过去完成进行时.
10、答案及解析：
答案：D
解析：句意:这是第一次我听到的最美的音乐。这里是固定句式This/It is the first time that+ have done;故选D。 考点:
考查固定句式的用法。 点评:
本题难度适中。固定句式是高中阶段必须掌握的句式,它不仅出现在单选里,还会在完形和短文改错中出现,提醒考生要牢记这些句式,并且有可能把它们用在写作中。 即学即练:This was the first time I ______ with such respect. A. treated??????????????B. had been treated C. will be treated??????D. have been treated 解析:B。句意:我是第一次受到这样的礼遇。
11、答案及解析：
答案： 1.B; 2.C; 3.D; 4.A
解析： 1、是非推断题。根据第五段第一句中“...were taken feom place names"可知A项正确;根据第四段可知C项正确;根据第六段可知D项正确。唯有B项没有提到。 2、细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句话中“Potter—a person who made pots and pans”可知C项正确。 3、细节推断题。根据第五段最后一句话“The Greenwood famil lived in or near a leafy forest”可推测D项正确 4、词义推测题。根据此段中的第一句“some family names were made by adding sonmething to the father's name ”和第二句“English-speaking people added-s or -son”可知此处A项正确。即表示“后代,晚辈”的意思。
12、答案及解析：
答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.D
解析：
13、答案及解析：
答案：E; A; G; F; C
解析：
语篇解读为了避免在国外旅行时犯一些文化错误,本文就三种情况给出了指导。
1.?E过渡句。根据全文结构和本题的位置判断,此题应为引出下文话题的一个过渡句。E项中的the following cultural mistakes与上下文一致,故选E.
2.?A细节句。根据本段主题Touching Someone与空后所举的例子可以看出,本段谈论的是与人交往时各国常出现的身体接触,A项信息 Personal space(个人空间)与上下文一致,故选A。
3.?G细节句。空前提到在一些国家人们吃饭时不聊天,G项承接前文,描述了(如果说话)你可能会遭遇别人的沉默。
4.?F细节句。空前句提到:因此,如果你看到门口有一排鞋,那你就要开始解鞋带。F项承接此内容,提出了相反的情况。
5.?C细节句。空前谈到:一旦你踏入一个不同的国家,对于当地人的行为要保持高度敏感。C项是对此的进一步补充解释,即不要对任何事情过度惊讶,故选C。
14、答案及解析：
答案：??? Nearly five years , and with the help? our father,my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in?our back garden. Since then—for all these —we? been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As ?result,the plants are growing .The fruits are small in size,but juicy and .There are so? that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing? tomatoes at no cost!
解析：
①此处讲述的是过去发生的事情,和一般过去时连用的应是ago,before 常和完成时连用.
②with the help of...在......的帮助下,为固定短语。
③?句中year是可数名同,前面的these修饰复数形式的名词,所以应用 years。
④?时间状语since then通常和现在完成时连用,而不是过去完成时.
⑤as a result结果,为固定短语.
⑥?根据句意可知此处表示“圣女果到处生长”,所以用everywhere。
⑦ 本句中small和tasty是并列的表语,所以要用形容词.
⑧?根据前面的be动词are和后面的them可知应用代替可数名词复数的many.
⑨?引导让步状语从句的although不能和连词but连用,所以删掉but
⑩?修饰名词时应用形容词
15、答案及解析：
答案：????
Honorable British guests, dear teachers and fellow students,
????Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all the teachers and students at our school, to extend a warm welcome to our honorable guests from our link school in Britain.
??? During your stay at our school, we will first show you around to give you a general idea of how our school works. Then, we will carry out our joint project on environmental protection together. We’ve also arranged a football match to promote our friendship. Last but not least, you will be taken to several Chinese host families, where you can try delicious traditional Chinese food.
??? We hope that these activities allow you to experience a different culture, and we also hope to learn about yours. We wish you a pleasant stay at our school!
??? Thanks for listening!
1、In our country, all citizens enjoy the right to vote and to be voted, ________ race, religion or sex.
A.regardless of???????????B.because of C.as a result of???????????D.in case of
2、It is urgent that the ??????? problem of air pollution in the city ????????? solved.
A.violent;be B.acute;be C.disturbing;will be D.evident;will be
3、He has eaten so many eggs since his childhood that he is _______ them now.
A.looking forward to?????B.dating back to C.team up with??????D.fed up with
4、If the police _______ somebody, the person is taken to a police station and kept there because the police believe they may be guilty of a crime.
A.delete?????B.accelerate?????C.sharpen?????D.arrest
5、Speaking in an inspection of Yunnan Province, Xi Jinping said the authorities must _____ poverty removal efforts to support the building of a rich and successful country. A.anticipate B.allocate C.appreciate D.accelerate
6、A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _________your year ahead.
A.shape??????B.switch?????C.stretch?????D.sharpen
7、—Oh, I am sick of the weather here.
—So am I. It_______ since last Friday. Wish it could stop raining tomorrow.
A.rained?????????????B.has rained C.has been raining????????D.was raining
8、John and I _______ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _______each other several times before that.
A.had been; have seen B.have been; have seen C.had been; had seen D.have been; had seen
9、The crazy fans?_____ patiently for two hours,and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
A.were waiting B.had been waiting C.had waited D.would wait
10、This is the first time I ______ such beautiful music .
A.heard??????B.am hearing?????C.will hear?????D.have heard
11、Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of correct answers. That question is “What’s your name?” Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct. Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?
??? People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.
??? Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.
??? The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪);someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.
???? Other early surnames came from people’s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village.?Some other occupational names are: Carter --- a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter --- a person who made pots and pans. The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.
??? Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.
??? Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name. English-speaking people added –s or –son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.
1.Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover? A.Places where people lived. B.People’s characters. C.Talents that people possessed. D.People’s occupations. 2.According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _______. A.owned or drove a cart B.made things with metals C.made kitchen tools or containers D.built houses and furniture 3.Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _______. A.Beatrice Smith B.Leonard Carter C.George Longstreet D.Donald Greenwood 4.The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a person’s _____. A.later generations B.friends and relatives C.colleagues and partners D.later bosses
12、??? Human beings have used tools for a very long time. In some parts of the world you can still find tools that people used more than two million years ago. They made these tools by hitting one stone against another. In this way, they broke off pieces from one of the stones. These chips of stone were usually sharp on one side. People used them for cutting meat and skin from dead animals, and also for making other tools out of wood. Human beings needed to use tools because they did not have sharp teeth like other meat eating animals, such as lions and tigers. Tools helped people to get food more easily.
??? Working with tools also helped to develop human intelligence. The human brain grew bigger, and human beings began to invent more and more tools and machines. The stone chip was one of the first tools that people used, and perhaps it is the most important. Some scientists say that it was the key to success of mankind.??
??? Since 1960 a new kind of tool has appeared. This is the silicon chip -- a little chip of silicon crystal. It is smaller than a finger nail, but it can store more than a million "bits" of information. It is an electronic brain. Every year these chips get cleverer, but their size gets smaller, and their cost gets less. They are used in watches, calculators and intelligent machines that we can use in many ways.? In the future we will not need to work with tools in the old way. Machines will do everything for us. They will even talk and play games with us. People will have plenty of spare time. But what will they do with it??
??? Human beings used stone chips for more than two million years, but human life changed very little in that time. We have used silicon chips for only a few years, but life is changing faster every day. What will life be like twenty years from now? What will the world be like two million years from now??
1.From paragraph 1, we can know ________. A.why early human beings cut skin from dead animals B.how early human beings discovered the tools C.what early human beings used the tools for D.what food early human beings stored 2.The stone chip is thought to be the most important tool because it ________. A.was very important to the development of mankind B.led to the invention of machines in the early time C.developed cooking abilities of mankind D.was one of the first tools of mankind 3.Which of the following is not true about the silicon chip? A.It has appeared since 1960. B.It is an electronic brain and can store a lot of information. C.It is a chip of silicon crystal and is very small. D.It becomes cleverer and more expensive every year.
13、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
????While you are travelling abroad, cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes, which can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals.①__________
????●Touching Someone
????②__________?In Mediterranean countries, if you don’t touch someone’s arm when talking to them or if you don’t greet them with kisses or a warm hug, you’ll be considered cold. But backslap(拍背) someone who isn’t a family member or a good friend in Korea, and you'll make them uncomfortable. InThailand, the head is considered sacred—never even pat a child on the head.
????●Talking Over Dinner
????In some countries, like China,Japan and some African nations, the food’s the thing, so don’t start chatting about your day's adventures while everyone else is digging into dinner.③__________?It’s not because your group is unfriendly, but because meal times are for eating, not talking.
????● Removing Your Shoes or Not
????Take off your shoes when arriving at the door of a London dinner party and the hostess will find you uncivilized, but fail to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia, Hawaii, or the Pacific Islands and you'll be considered disrespectful. So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces.④__________
????Once you are on the ground of a different country, remain highly sensitive to native behavior.⑤__________?And don’t feel offended if something seems offensive—like queue jumping. After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different.
A.Personal space varies as you travel the globe.
B.Asians consider removing shoes impolite at home.
C.Never be completely surprised by anything.
D.The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his idea.
E.Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.
F.If not, keep the shoes on.
G.You'll likely be met with silence.
14、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及二个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
??? Nearly five years beforehand with the help?by our father,my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in?our back garden. Since then—for all these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result,the plants are growing somewhere.The fruits are small in size,but juicy and taste.There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
15、假如下周将有一些来自友好学校的英国师生到你校进行一周的友好访问,请你代表全体师生用英语写一篇欢迎词,内容包括:
1. 欢迎英国客人的到来;
2. 介绍在你校期间活动安排(参观学校;共同进行环保项目研究;足球比赛;参观中国家庭、吃中国美食);
3. 希望达到的目的:交流文化,相互学习。
注意:
1.词数100左右,开头结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Honorable British guests, dear teachers and fellow students,
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
??? Thanks for listening!
答案以及解析
1、答案及解析：
答案：A
解析：考查短语介词。句意:在我们国家,所有公民不管种族、宗教和性别都享有选举权和被选举权。regardless of“不管,无论”,符合句意。because of“因为,由于”; as a result of“作为结果”; in case of“万一;假设”。
2、答案及解析：
答案： B
解析： 句意:城市的大气污染严重,这一问题急需解决。acute强烈的,严重的,暗含紧急程度,符合句意。violent暴力的,粗暴的,猛烈的,强烈的,暗含暴力行为,也指破坏性的或不可控‘的自然力量;disturbing令人不安的;evident清楚的,显然的,均不符合句意。在It is urgent that…句式中,that从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用should do形式,should可以省略;又因此处solve与problem之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用be solved。
3、答案及解析：
答案：D
4、答案及解析：
答案：D
5、答案及解析：
答案： D
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。anticipate 预期,预料;allocate分配;appreciate 欣赏,感激;accelerate加速,加快,accelerate poverty removal efforts加大消除贫困的力度。句意:习近平在视察云南时的讲话中说,当地部门必须加大消除贫困的力度,为建设一个富强而成功的国家作贡献。
6、答案及解析：
答案：A
解析：考查动词辨析。A.shape塑造,决定......的形成,影响......的发展;B.switch转变,交换,调班;C.stretch拉长,拉紧,伸展,伸长,延伸消耗;D. sharpen提高,使尖锐,变得清晰。句意:快速回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。故选A。
7、答案及解析：
答案：C
8、答案及解析：
答案：D
解析：for+时间段表示从过去某时延续至今的动作或状态,用现在完成时;meet发生在got to know 这一过去动作之前,用过去完成时。
9、答案及解析：
答案： B
解析： 根据句中的时间状语for two hours和and后的句子“they would wait till...”可知,the crazy fans已等了两个小时并还要继续等下去,故用过去完成进行时.
10、答案及解析：
答案：D
解析：句意:这是第一次我听到的最美的音乐。这里是固定句式This/It is the first time that+ have done;故选D。 考点:
考查固定句式的用法。 点评:
本题难度适中。固定句式是高中阶段必须掌握的句式,它不仅出现在单选里,还会在完形和短文改错中出现,提醒考生要牢记这些句式,并且有可能把它们用在写作中。 即学即练:This was the first time I ______ with such respect. A. treated??????????????B. had been treated C. will be treated??????D. have been treated 解析:B。句意:我是第一次受到这样的礼遇。
11、答案及解析：
答案： 1.B; 2.C; 3.D; 4.A
解析： 1、是非推断题。根据第五段第一句中“...were taken feom place names"可知A项正确;根据第四段可知C项正确;根据第六段可知D项正确。唯有B项没有提到。 2、细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句话中“Potter—a person who made pots and pans”可知C项正确。 3、细节推断题。根据第五段最后一句话“The Greenwood famil lived in or near a leafy forest”可推测D项正确 4、词义推测题。根据此段中的第一句“some family names were made by adding sonmething to the father's name ”和第二句“English-speaking people added-s or -son”可知此处A项正确。即表示“后代,晚辈”的意思。
12、答案及解析：
答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.D
解析：
13、答案及解析：
答案：E; A; G; F; C
解析：
语篇解读为了避免在国外旅行时犯一些文化错误,本文就三种情况给出了指导。
1.?E过渡句。根据全文结构和本题的位置判断,此题应为引出下文话题的一个过渡句。E项中的the following cultural mistakes与上下文一致,故选E.
2.?A细节句。根据本段主题Touching Someone与空后所举的例子可以看出,本段谈论的是与人交往时各国常出现的身体接触,A项信息 Personal space(个人空间)与上下文一致,故选A。
3.?G细节句。空前提到在一些国家人们吃饭时不聊天,G项承接前文,描述了(如果说话)你可能会遭遇别人的沉默。
4.?F细节句。空前句提到:因此,如果你看到门口有一排鞋,那你就要开始解鞋带。F项承接此内容,提出了相反的情况。
5.?C细节句。空前谈到:一旦你踏入一个不同的国家,对于当地人的行为要保持高度敏感。C项是对此的进一步补充解释,即不要对任何事情过度惊讶,故选C。
14、答案及解析：
答案：??? Nearly five years , and with the help? our father,my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in?our back garden. Since then—for all these —we? been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As ?result,the plants are growing .The fruits are small in size,but juicy and .There are so? that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing? tomatoes at no cost!
解析：
①此处讲述的是过去发生的事情,和一般过去时连用的应是ago,before 常和完成时连用.
②with the help of...在......的帮助下,为固定短语。
③?句中year是可数名同,前面的these修饰复数形式的名词,所以应用 years。
④?时间状语since then通常和现在完成时连用,而不是过去完成时.
⑤as a result结果,为固定短语.
⑥?根据句意可知此处表示“圣女果到处生长”,所以用everywhere。
⑦ 本句中small和tasty是并列的表语,所以要用形容词.
⑧?根据前面的be动词are和后面的them可知应用代替可数名词复数的many.
⑨?引导让步状语从句的although不能和连词but连用,所以删掉but
⑩?修饰名词时应用形容词
15、答案及解析：
答案：????
Honorable British guests, dear teachers and fellow students,
????Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all the teachers and students at our school, to extend a warm welcome to our honorable guests from our link school in Britain.
??? During your stay at our school, we will first show you around to give you a general idea of how our school works. Then, we will carry out our joint project on environmental protection together. We’ve also arranged a football match to promote our friendship. Last but not least, you will be taken to several Chinese host families, where you can try delicious traditional Chinese food.
??? We hope that these activities allow you to experience a different culture, and we also hope to learn about yours. We wish you a pleasant stay at our school!
??? Thanks for listening!