2019中考英语专题10：非谓语动词（带答案）

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/ 芝麻开门
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man: I remember you like going to the movies on weekends.
woman: I like to watch TV this weekend.
woman: I hate smoking.
man: Sorry. I forget that you dislike smoking…
So I want to sleep for a while.
woman: The bathroom needs cleaning. You forgot to
clean it yesterday.
man: I feel suffocated(憋闷). I decided to take a walk
outside.
woman: Then remember to buy the things on your
way home.
请划出对话中使用到的动词不定式和动名词并说说他们的用法或含义。
/知己知彼
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考纲
近三年中考分布
2018年
2017年
2016年
名词
★掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、状语以及和疑问词连用构成不定式短语的基本用法。
单项选择
第31题
（1分）
单项选择
第25题
（1分）
单项选择
第30题
（1分）
理解动词不定式作主语、定语和表语的基本用法。
揭秘： 非谓语动词在初中阶段主要涉及动词不定式和动名词，其中动词不定式是重点。中考主要以单选形式考查动词不定式作宾语、宾补、状语和与疑问词连用等用法；另外完成句子题型也高频考查有关动词不定式和动名词的句型。
沙场点兵
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/用兵如神
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考点一: 非谓语动词作宾语
【典型例题1】
--Would you like camping with me? 【2018山东滨州】
--I’d like to. But I’m busy my homework.
A. to go; to do B. to go; doing C. going; to do D. going; doing
【考点精析】B. 本题考查非谓语动词作宾语：第一空would like“想要” 后接to do作宾语；第二空be busy
“忙于……”接doing，此处省略了介词in，doing作介词宾语。
【举一反三】
【即学即练】
1. All my classmates are busy _______ ready for the PE test.【2018海淀一模】
A. get B. to get C. getting D. got
2. She enjoys ______ to music. It’s relaxing. 【2018怀柔一模】
A. listen B. listened C. listening D. to listen
3. I’ll take a walk with my sister after I finish _______ the floor. 【2018朝阳二模】
A. clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. to clean
4. Everyone wants ______ the book as soon as possible.【2018东城一模】
A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read
5. --Do you mind _______ the window? It’ s so hot today. --Of course not. 【2018房山一模】
A. open B. to open C. opened D. opening
6. What do you plan _________ during the summer vacation? 【2018昌平二模】
A. to do B. do C. doing D. done
7. The refrigerator is used for_______ food and vegetables fresh.【2018顺义一模】
A. keep B. keeping C. kept D. keeps
8. -- I’m looking forward to _______my parents soon. What about you? --Me too.【2018四川广安】
A. seeing B. see C. saw
9. He promised ______his old friend during his stay in Tianjin. 【2018天津】
A. see B. seeing C. saw D. to see
10. --What do you usually do in the morning? --I often practice ________ English.【2018黑龙江绥化】
A. speak B. to speak C. speaking
【答案】1-5CCBDD 6-10ABADC
【典型例题2】
While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped and lay on the ground, so we all stopped what was wrong with him. 【2018 四川成都】
A. to run; to see B. running; seeing C. running; to see
【考点精析】C. 本题考查stop后接动词不定式和动名词作宾语的不同含义：stop doing表示停止原来正在做的事情；stop to do表示停下去做另一件事。根据句意：第一空是说“杰克突然停止跑步”（原本正在跑），应该用stop running；第二空“所以我们都停下来去看看他怎么了”（停下跑步去看），所以应该用stop to see.
【举一反三】

【即学即练】
Ⅰ单项选择
1. Don’t forget ______ the windows before you leave the classroom. 【2018西城二模】
A. close B. closing C. to close D. closed
2. --I feel tired and sleepy. --Why not stop ______ for a while? 【2018山东泰安】
A. rest B. to rest C. resting D. rested
3. Remember ________ off the lights when you leave the room, please. 【2018黑龙江绥化】
A. to turn B. turning C. turn
4. --Dad, why must I stop ______ computer games? --For your health, my boy. 【2018湖北孝感】
A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D
Ⅱ用所给词的正确形式填空
1. She stopped (talk) with me when she saw me.
2. It’s time for class. Please stop (talk).
3. He didn’t have a rest and went on (work).
4. After cleaning the room, we went on (cook).
5. I usually forgot (close) the door, but I remembered (close) it just now.
6. I regret ________（tell）you that he can’t come.
7. I regret _________(spend)so much money.
8. Why not try (do) it in another way?
9. He always tries （finish）his work before dinner.
【答案】1. to talk 2. talking 3. working 4. to cook 5. to close; closing
6. to tell 7. spending 8. doing 9. to finish
/考点二: 不定式作宾语补足语
【典型例题1】
Our teacher often asks us____________ questions in groups. 【2018北京中考】
A. discuss B. to discuss C. discussing D. discussed
【典型例题2】
Let’s ____________ for a walk, shall we?【2018北京中考】
A. to go B. going C. go D. gone
【考点精析】1.B 2.C 例题考查动词不定式作宾语补足语：ask的用法为ask sb. to do sth.（接带to的不定式作宾补）；let的用法为let sb. do（接不带to的不定式作宾补）。
【举一反三】

【即学即练】
1. My grandma is ill. The doctor asks her ________in bed for a few days. 【2018西城一模】
A. to stay B. stay C. stayed D. stays
2. Eddie is a funny boy. He often makes us ________.【2018东城一模】
A. laughing B. to laugh C. laugh D. laughed
3. --What did the teacher say just now? --He told us ________ games on the playground.【2018朝阳一模】
A. play B. playing C. to play D. played
4. Don’t make little children ________ the things that they dislike. 【2018海淀二模】
A. do B. to do C. doing D. done
5. She asked me _________ her a cup of coffee. 【2018东城二模】
A. get B. to get C. getting D. gets
6. Mike invited me ________ tennis this weekend. 【2018石景山一模】　A. play????????? B. to play??????? C. playing??????? D. Played
7. How can I help? Do you want me __________ here or do something else? 【2018西城二模】
A. to stay B. stay C. staying D. stayed
8. Our English teacher encourages us __________ part in all kinds of after-class activities. 【2018四川绵阳】
A. to take B. take C. taking D. to taking
【答案】1-5ACCAB 6-8BAA
【典型例题3】
--Where is Mike? 【2018西城二模】
--I don’t know. But I saw him ______ football on the playground just now.
A. to play B. playing C. played D. plays
【考点精析】B. 在感官动词后，也可用动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语，但与接动词原形含义略有不同。
I saw him crossing the road. （强调动作正在进行）
We often see her remember English words in the room. （动作经常发生，全过程）
根据本题句意“我刚才看到他正在打篮球。”强调当时动作正在发生，用see sb. doing正确。
【即学即练】
1. When I stepped into the classroom, I saw the teacher _________ out the test papers. 【2018顺义一模】
A. hands B. handed C. to hand D. handing
2. I often see Li Ming_________near the river on my way home. 【2018盐城】
A. play B. playing C. to play D. played
3. When I was walking past the door, I noticed him_______my homework. I really got_______. 【2018 山东烟台】
A. copying, annoyed B. copying, annoying C. copy, annoyed D. copied, annoyed
【答案】1.D 2.A 3.A
/考点三: 疑问词+不定式
【典型例题】
--Excuse me, could you tell me how ______ to Beijing Zoo? --Well, you may take Bus no.【2018北京中考】
A. get B. gets C. getting D. to get
【考点精析】D. 本题考查疑问词how与不定式连用：疑问词+to do相当于一个名词，可在句中充当主语、宾语和表语。句意为“你能告诉我怎么去北京动物园吗？”
【举一反三】
【即学即练】
1. --Lily, could you please tell me how ________ this e-dictionary? 　-- OK, just a moment.【2018丰台二模】
A. use B. uses C. using D. to use
2. Boys and girls, attention, please. Now let me tell you ________ to the Bird Island. 【2018四川资阳】
A. how to get B. what to get C. whom to get D. where to get
3. --I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you? 【2018山东济宁】
--I haven’t decided where ________.
A. go B. went C. going D. to go
4. --Excuse me. Could you please tell me ______ my car? 【2018山东青岛】
--Sure. Park it right here. I’ll help you.
A. how to stop B. where to park C. where to stop D. when to park
5. I haven’t decided when ________ a holiday yet. 【2018 甘肃白银】
A. took B. taking C. to take D. take
【答案】DADBC
/考点四: 不定式作状语
【典型例题】
--My sister is ill in hospital. --I’m sorry that. 【2018朝阳一模】
A. hear B. heard C. to hear D. hearing
【考点精析】C. 本题考查动词不定式作状语：本题是学生熟悉的一句交际用语-I’m sorry to hear that.其中动词不定式充当be sorry的原因状语。
【举一反三】
【即学即练】
1. We can make a fire ______ the room warm so that we can chat for a while. 【2018扬州】
A. to keep B. keeping C. keep D. kept
2. Mr. Wang does what he can ________ us improve our English. 【2018桂林】
A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped
3. ________ English well, one must have a lot of practice. 【2018山东聊城】
A. Speaks B. To speak C. Spoken D. Speak
4. She’s not strong enough _________ walking up mountains. 【2018浙江杭州】
A. to go B. going C. go D. went
5. How kind you are! You always do what you can __________ others. 【2018湖北十堰】
A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help
【答案】1-5 ABBAD
/考点五: 不定式的否定形式
【典型例题】
Dentists advise people ______ too many sweets. 【2018西城一模】
A. to eat B. not to eat C. eating D. not eat
【考点精析】B. 本题考查动词不定式的否定形式：在动词不定式前直接加not。建议某人不要做某事
advise sb. not to do sth.

【即学即练】
1. Mother told me again and again _________ in poor light. 【2018怀柔区二模】　 A. not to read 　　　B. not read 　　 C. don’t read 　　　 D. not reading 2. You’d better football on the road. 【2018门头沟二模】
A. not play B. not to play C. not playing D. play
3. Aunt Li often asks her son _______ too much meat. It’s bad for his health. 【2018延庆一模】
A. don’t eat B. not to eat C. not eat D. to not eat
4. We should be more careful_______much time on computer games. 【2018新疆阜康】
A. not to spend B. to not spend C. not to cost D. not take to
5. What bad weather it was! We decided _______.【2018江苏徐州】
A. to go out B. not to go out C. to not go out D. not going out
6. --I didn’t hear you come in just now. 【2018广东】
--That’s good. We tried _______ any noise, for you were sleeping.
A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making
7.--Would you mind ______ in the dining hall? --Of course not. 【2018四川宜宾】
A. not to smoke B. not smoking C. smoke D. not smoke
8. Tom, would you please________ the box? It’s for your sister. [来【2018内蒙古呼和浩特】
A. not open B. don’t open C. not to open D. to not open
【答案】1-4 AABA 5-8BBBA
/考点六: 常考句型
【典型例题】
It’s twelve o’clock. It’s time ________ lunch. 【2018东城一模】
A. have B. to have C. had D. having
【考点精析】B. 考查句型 It’s time to do sth.该是做某事的时候了。此句型中，it为形式主语，动词不定式做真正的主语。非谓语动词的使用频率很高，有关动词不定式和动名词的常考句型非常多，这些也是考试的重点内容。
【举一反三】

【即学即练】
Ⅰ单项选择
1. It’s a nice day. What about ________ our dog after supper? 【2018大兴一模】
A. to walk B. walked C. walk D. walking
2. It’s necessary for us _______ with each other.【2018昌平二模】
A. get on well? B.?getting on well C. to get on well D. got on well
3. It’s important for us __________ more ways than knowledge itself.【2018昌平一模】
A. learn? B. learning? C. to learn D. learned
4. I spent a lot of time _________ English last weekend. 【2018邵阳】
A. to practice speaking B. practicing to speak C. practicing speaking
5. It is our duty _________our hometown clean and beautiful. We must do something for it. 【2018贵州贵阳】
A. to keep B. keeps C. keeping
6. "For your coming vacation, why _________ coming to Guiyang?" "Good idea!" 【2018贵州贵阳】
A. not consider B. don't consider C. to consider
7. It took me two weeks _________ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming. 【2018广东】
A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. finishing
8. At times, parents find it difficult ________ with their teenage children. 【2018江苏淮安】
A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk
9. The Great Green Wall can stop the wind and sand to the rich land in the south of China.
【2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔】
A. move B. to move C. from moving
【答案】1-5DCCCA 6-9ABDC
Ⅱ完成句子
1. 你最好买一本英语词典。【2018北京中考】
__________________ buy an English dictionary.
2. 你在课余时间喜欢读书吗？【2018北京中考】
Do you _______________ in your spare time?
3. 他们很难在这么短的时间内想出新的办法。【2018北京中考】
___________________ a new way in such a short time.
4. 哥哥花了一个星期教我弹吉它。【2018北京中考】
_______________________________________ to play the guitar.
5. 你能在我外出的时候浇花吗？【2018海淀一模】
____________________________ water the flowers while I am away?
6. 我每天坚持跑步，所以身体很好。【2018朝阳一模】
I _____________________________every day, so I am good in health.
7. 我花了三年的时间终于使自己的梦想成真。
It______________________________ at last. 【2018朝阳一模】
8. 该睡觉了，把电视关了吧。【2018东城一模】
_____________________ for bed. Please turn off the TV.
9. 玛丽昨天请你和她一起去看电影了吗？【2018东城一模】
Did Mary _______________ go to the cinema with her yesterday?
10. 亲爱的，你蛋糕吃得太多了。为什么不留点儿明天吃呢？【2018西城一模】
Darling, you're eating too much cake. ___________________leave some for tomorrow?
11. 诉他开会的时候不要讲话。【2018西城一模】
__________________ at the meeting.
12. 过去常常嘲笑那些犯错误的人，但是现在我改了。【2018西城一模】
I____________ those who made mistakes, but now I don't do it anymore.
13. 六年的时间让我明白了一个道理：学习的时候，最重要的不是我们做了多少题，而是我们花了多少时间思考。【2018西城一模】
____________learn something: it doesn't matter how many exercises we do, it does matter how much time____________ while learning.
14. 多好的天啊！咱们去散步吧。【2018西城二模】
What a nice day! _____________________ for a walk.
15. 如果想让更多的人了解我们的俱乐部，我认为我们张贴一些海报是必要的。【2018朝阳二模】
_______________________ some posters if we want more people to know about our club.
16. 他太累了，追不上其他人。 【2018丰台二模】
He is ___________________________________________ others.
17. 我一直坚持每天用一个小时阅读各种各样的英语读物。【2018丰台二模】
__________________________________________________ English materials every day.
【答案】1.You’d better
2. like reading
3. It’s difficult for them to come up with
4. It took my elder brother a week to teach me (how)My elder brother spent a week teaching me (how)
5. Would/ Could/Will you please
6. keep running
7. took me three years to make my dream come true
8. It’s time
9. ask/invite you to
10. Why not/Why don't you
11. Tell him not to talk12. I used to laugh at
13. It took me 6 years to; we spend (in) thinking
14. Let’s go
15. I think it’s necessary for us to put up
16. too tired to catch up with
17. I keep / have kept (on) spending one hour reading all kinds of
/过关斩将
/
1. Our teacher often asks us____________ questions in groups. 【2018北京】
A. discuss B. to discuss C. discussing D. discussed
2. --Oh, it’s too difficult for me ____________ the task in such a short time. 【2018荆州】
?? --Cheer up! I am sure you can.
?? A. finish? ???????????????? B. to finish? ?????????????? C. finished? ??????????????? D. finishing
3. He is too heavy. He has decided _________ some exercise to keep healthy. 【2018成都】
A. to take B. not to take C. take
4. --Do you like Zhou Libo's talk show? 【2018淄博】
--Yes. His talk show is very funny. It always makes people _______.
A. laugh B. laughed C. laughing D. to laugh
5. It’s dangerous a close look at the tiger in the zoo. 【2018宿迁】
A. for us taking B. of us to take C. of us taking D. for us to take
6. What a fine day! Why not ________ outside? 【2018湘西】
A. having a walk B. to have a walk C. have a walk
7. I always tell my students ______ on the road because it’s really dangerous. 【2018广州】
A. not to play B. to play not C. not playing D. not play
8. --Driving less, walking more is good for our health. 【2018襄阳】
--So I'd rather______an hour's walk to work than consider a car.
A. take, drive B. take, to drive C. take, driving D. taking, driving
9. Lucy is shy. She would not invite her classmates________ dancing with her. 【2018江西】
A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice
10. --How is your grandma? 【2018 黄冈】
--She’s fine. She used to _______ TV at home after supper. But now she is used to _______ out for a walk.
A. watch; go B. watching; go C. watching; going D. watch; going
11. Our teacher often tells us _______ in the river. It’s dangerous. 【2018贺州】
A. don’t swim B. not swim C. not to swim D. not swimming
12. The Greens used to live in London and now they ________ in Beijing. 【2018扬州】
A. used to live B. are used to live C. are used to living D. are used for living
13. Don’t throw away the waste paper. It needs so that it can be reused. 【2018无锡】
A. to destroy B. destroying C. to collect D. collecting
14. Paul made a nice cage______ the little sick bird till it could fly. 【2018苏州】
A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep
15. It was time for class. Mr. King asked all the children _____ down quietly. 【2018济南】
A. sit B. sat C. to sit D. sitting
16. All the Chinese people must work hard China Dream. 【2018株洲】
A. to realize B. realize C. realizing
17. My parents often tell me too much junk food because it’s bad for my health. 【2018临沂】
A. not eating B. not to eat C. eating D. to eat
18. He lost his key. It made him _____in the cold to wait for his wife’s return.【2018重庆】
A. to stay B. stayed C. stays D. stay
19. He hurried back home _________ his schoolbag. 【2018内江】
A. fetched B. to fetch C. fetching D. fetches
20. Everyone may feel time _______ very quickly when they do something interesting. 【2018凉山】
A. go by B. to go by C. went by
21. Seeing their teacher _______ into the classroom, they stopped ________ at once. 【2018黄石】
A. walk; telling B. entering; to speak C. enter; to tell D. walking; talking
22. Even Tony’s granddaughter, a five-year-old girl, asked him ________smoking. 【2018 上海】
A. give up B. gave up C. to give up D. giving up
23. The retired couple enjoy _____ photos. They always go out with their cameras. 【2018 上海】
A. take B. took C. to take D. taking
24. At times, parents find it difficult ________ with their teenage children. 【2018淮安】
A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk
25. He used to _______in a small village, but now he has been used to ________in a big city. 【2018益阳】
A. live; living B. live; live C. living; living
26. You look too tired. Why not______ a rest? 【2018益阳】
A. stop to have B. to stop having C. stop having
27. My parents asked me computer games. 【2018 衡阳】
A. not playing B. not to play C. not play
28. --What a heavy rain! 【2018孝感】
--So it is. I prefer ______ rather than ______ on such a rainy day.
A. to go out; stay at home B. to stay at home; go out
C. going out; stay at home D. staying at home; go out
29. --Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ get to the nearest post office? 【2018威海】
--Sorry, I am new here.
A. how can I B. how I could C. how to D. what I can
30. When I walked past the park, I saw some old people ________ Chinese Taiji. 【2018莱芜】
A. do B. did C. doing D. are doing
31. The children decide _______their school yard this Friday afternoon. 【2018河北】
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
32. Many young people took part in _______ trees on Tree Planting Day. 【2018 白银】
A. planting B. plants C. to plant D. plant
33. -- I feel stressed from time to time. Could you give me some advice? 【2018泰州】
-- ________ sharing your worries with your parents?
A. Why don't you B. How about C. Why not D. Would you like
34. Students should learn how problems. 【2018雅安】
A. solve B. solving C. can solve D. to solve
35. --Can you finish these books before 10 o'clock? 【2018雅安】
--Yes, I can.
A. to read B. read C. reads D. reading
36. -- Nick, would you mind _________ out of the bathroom? 【2018福州】
-- Sorry. I won't be long.
A. come B. to come C. coming
37. --Why not to the park now? 【2018湛江】
--Good idea! Let’s go.
A. go B. to go C. goes D. going
38. --Would you like camping with me? 【2018滨州】
--I’d like to. But I’m busy my homework.
A. to go; to do B. to go; doing C. going; to do D. going; doing
39. --Why is Linlin practicing speaking English? 【2018泰安】
-- _______ abroad for further study.
A. Go B. Gone C. To go D. Goes
40. --I’m new here. 【2018嘉兴】
--Don’t worry. I’ll do what I can ________ you.
A. help B. to help C. invite D. to invite
41. Tom, would you please________ the box? It’s for your sister. 【2018呼和浩特】
A. not open B. don’t open C. not to open D. to not open
42. Jessica's parents always encourage her ____________out her opinions. 【2018鞍山】
A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. will speak
43. --What did your teacher say this morning? 【2018随州】
--She told us ______ make faces in class.
A. to not B. not to C. do not D. didn't
44. --Let's play football on the playground. 【2018随州】
-- It’s too hot outside. I would rather______ at home than______ out.
A. to stay; go B. staying; going C. stay; to go D. stay; go
45. --What do you usually do in the morning? 【2018绥化】
--I often practice ________ English.
A. speak B. to speak C. speaking
46. It takes me half an hour the piano every day. 【2018齐齐哈尔】
A. play B. playing C. to play
47. --Why do you eat vegetables every day, mum? 【2018大庆】
-- ________ healthy, my dear.
A. To keep B. Keep C. Keeping D. Kept
48. --Sally, stop _______ TV! It’s time to go to bed. 【2018绵阳】
--OK, Mum.
A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched
【答案】1-5BBAAD 6-10CACDD 11-15CCDDC 16-20ABDBA 21-25 DCDDA
26-30ABBCC 31-35 BABDD 36-40 CABCB 41-45 ACBDC 46-48CAC