语篇填空专题突破练13
专题突破练第37页 ?
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(2018重庆质量调研抽测)
Now,I’d like to share what I 1. (learn) through Travelling Guide a few weeks ago.?
Thousands of visitors each year enjoy Haleakala National Park,one of 2. most unusual national parks in the United States,on the island of Maui.Ships stop at the island and buses take 3. (group) of visitors to see the huge volcano there.Visitors also may take a walk in the rainforest 4. (create) by the volcano thousands of years ago.?
The park offers visitors a sight of nature at 5. majorities of people never have the chance to take a look.At the top of Haleakala,6. (look) down inside what is the most active part of the volcano,we can see that the volcano has left thousands of different shapes of lava(熔岩) stone ever since.Hundreds of years 7. rain and bright sun have cut long paths in the stone.There are mainly 3 stone areas.One big area seems 8. (be) deep and dark red.9. two areas seem almost yellow and green.It looks as if someone spilled(泼洒) many colors of paint over the huge areas.The lava stone areas are 10. (color) because the lava is rich in many kinds of minerals.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是说明文,主要介绍了哈雷阿卡拉国家公园。
1.learned/learnt 考查时态。根据本句中的时间状语“a few weeks ago”可知,该空应用一般过去时。
2.the 考查冠词。此处表示“美国最不同寻常的国家公园之一”,这里应用形容词的最高级修饰national parks,故填定冠词the。
3.groups 考查名词的数。根据上文中的“Thousands of visitors”可知游客很多,且group是可数名词,这里表示“成群的游客”,故用group的复数形式。
4.created 考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知,空格处做定语修饰rainforest,且rainforest与动词create在逻辑上是动宾关系,故用过去分词做定语。
5.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,该句中的“The park offers visitors a sight of nature”是主句,“at majorities...a look”是定语从句,空格处在定语从句中做at的宾语,代指a sight of nature,故填which。?
6.looking 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句中第二个逗号后面的部分是主句,这里应用非谓语动词做状语,look与主句的主语we构成逻辑上的主谓关系,故该处应用现在分词。
7.of 考查介词。of用于month、year等名词后表示某状态或活动持续的时长。
8.to be 考查非谓语动词。seem to为固定用法,意为“似乎是,仿佛”。
9.Another 考查形容词。根据上文中的“3 stone areas”和“One big area”可知,这里应用Another。Another two areas表示“另外两个地区”。
10.colorful 考查形容词。该空做表语,说明主语的性质、状态,故应用形容词。colorful表示“色彩丰富的”。
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(2018福建福州二模)
The Year of the Dog began on Feb.16,2018 according to the Chinese lunar calendar.Though dogs 1. (see) as companions and part of the family today,China and Western countries do not have the same cultural 2. (belief) about dogs.?
In Chinese,some words 3. (concern) dogs don’t have very good meanings,such as “No ivory(象牙) can come out of a dog’s mouth”.But in English,the situation is 4.(differ).“Every dog has his day” describes a person with a period of good fortune and “Work like a dog” is used 5. (describe) a hard worker.The dog-human relationship goes right 6. to the beginnings of Western civilization,and the friendship between humans and dogs was a common subject for artists.?
7. fact,people were close to dogs in a way they weren’t close to cows,pigs or even horses.Farmers worked 8.(close) with dogs.But even after science came to agriculture and dogs lost 9. (they) traditional roles,the relationship between humans and dogs remained.?
Nowadays millions of people keep dogs as pets.People feed them,take them on holidays 10. look after them.In return,dogs are loyal(忠诚的) in a way that friends sometimes aren’t.This loyalty is the origin of the English saying,“A dog is man’s best friend.”?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是说明文,以狗年入题,介绍狗在中西方文化中的不同意义。
1.are seen 考查时态和语态。根据上下文可知,这里是对常识性知识的介绍,故用一般现在时,see...as...表示“把……看作是……”,这里动词see与主语dogs构成动宾关系,故用are seen。
2.beliefs 考查名词的数。关于狗,中国和西方国家并没有相同的观点。此处belief为可数名词,表示复数概念,故填beliefs。
3.concerning 考查介词。此处应用介词concerning,表示“关于,涉及”。
4.different 考查形容词。空格处充当表语,说明主语的性质,应用differ的形容词形式,故填different。
5.to describe 考查非谓语动词。use sth.to do sth.“用某物来做某事”是固定搭配,此处是其被动语态,故填to describe。
6.back 考查副词。根据空后的the beginnings可知,空格处应填back“上溯”。
7.In 考查固定短语。in fact表示“事实上”,为固定短语。
8.closely 考查副词。空格处修饰动词worked,故用副词形式。close做副词时表示“不远,接近地”;closely为副词,表示“密切地,在很大程度上”。根据语境可知,空处应填closely。
9.them 考查代词。根据语境及空后的traditional roles可知,空处应填形容词性物主代词。
10.and 考查连词。本句中feed,take和look after是并列谓语,如果三个或三个以上的谓语动词并列,在最后两个动作之间用and连接,其他的用逗号分开,因此这里用连词and。
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The wives who lived within the walls of the Weinsberg Castle in Germany were well aware of the riches it held:gold,silver,jewels,and wealth beyond belief.Then the day came in 1140 AD when all their 1. (value) treasure was threatened.Welf,the Duke of Bavaria,sat 2. (trap) inside his Weinsberg Castle.Outside the castle walls lay the army of Frederick,the Duke of Swabia,3. his brother,the Emperor Konrad,4. army had surrounded the castle and demanded the fortunes and the lives of the men within.?
Although the conquering commander had set a condition for the safe release of all the women and children,the wives in Weinsberg refused 5. (leave) without having their own condition met.They demanded that they be allowed to fill their arms 6. as many possessions as they could carry out.Thinking that the women couldn’t 7. (possible) take much,they met their request.?
When the castle gates opened,the army outside was brought to 8. (tear):every woman was carrying her husband!Konrad assured the women of their husbands’ complete 9.(safe) and freedom.He invited them all to a banquet and 10.(make) peace with the Duke of Bavaria on terms much more favorable than expected.?
Afterwards,the castle was known for women’s loyalty.
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了德国Weinsberg城堡,该城堡以妇女的忠诚闻名于世。
1.valuable/invaluable 考查形容词。空处修饰名词treasure且表示“(极)宝贵的”,故用value的形容词形式valuable或invaluable。
2.trapped 考查过去分词。动词trap和主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,表示“(已经)被困在城堡之内”,故用过去分词trapped做主语补足语,表明主语的状态。
3.and 考查连词。根据语境可知,该句中的“Frederick,the Duke of Swabia”和“his brother,the Emperor Konrad”之间是并列关系,故用and。
4.whose 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,army和先行词之间是所属关系,故用whose引导该定语从句。
5.to leave 考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth.为固定用法,表示“拒绝做某事”,此处表示,城堡里的妇女要求满足她们的条件,否则就拒绝离开。
6.with 考查介词。fill (sth.) with sth.为固定用法,意为“用……填满……”,故填with。
7.possibly 考查副词。空处修饰动词take,故用副词形式。
8.tears 考查名词复数。tear为可数名词,此处构成搭配bring sb.to tears,意为“使某人流泪”,故用tear的复数形式tears。
9.safety 考查名词。根据该句中的“complete...and freedom”可知,形容词complete修饰空处,空处与名词freedom为并列关系,故用名词形式safety。
10.made 考查动词时态。根据该句中的“He invited them”及全文时态可知,此处陈述的是过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。
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Tyler Thompson is 1. unlikely star in the world of Peking Opera.The 15-year-old from Oakland has fascinated audience in the US and China with his ability 2.(sing) pitch-perfect Mandarin(普通话)and perform the ancient Chinese art form.The teen,3.is black and only speaks some basic Chinese,has been praised by teachers since he 4. (pick) up the music as a kindergartener.“As soon as he opens 5.(he) mouth and sings in Chinese,the Chinese are very surprised and they feel very proud of him,”said his music teacher.“When he puts on the costume and all the acting,you can see that he is pretty good.”?
Tyler has learned to sing several well-known pieces of Peking Opera,a centuries-old form of musical theater 6.(know) for its highly structured costumes,changing gongs(锣)and cymbals(钹),wide-ranging voices and highly stylized 7. (move).Tyler got 8. (stand) cheers when he performed 9. Justice Bao,a famous Song Dynasty judge who fought corruption,from the Chinese classic Bao Qing Tian.“The music is very beautiful,and it’s very passionate,”said Tyler.“It’s made me want to know 10. (much) about the world outside of America or California or Oakland.”?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了一个擅长表演京剧的外国青少年的故事。
1.an 考查冠词。star是可数名词,且第一次在文章中出现,故用不定冠词修饰,形容词unlikely的读音以元音音素开头,故用an。
2.to sing 考查非谓语动词。ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”,为固定词组搭配,故用不定式做后置定语。
3.who 考查定语从句。who引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中做主语,修饰先行词The teen。
4.picked 考查动词时态。since意为“自从”时,引导的状语从句中,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时。
5.his 考查代词。根据语境mouth和主语he可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词mouth,在句中做定语。
6.known 考查非谓语动词。know和句子谓语之间没有连词,故用非谓语动词,且know和其逻辑主语form是动宾关系,故用过去分词做后置定语。
7.movements 考查名词。根据and可知,此处与名词voices呼应,故用名词的复数形式,即movements。
8.standing 考查形容词。由空后的名词cheers可知,此处应用形容词形式修饰名词,standing意为“站着进行的”,表示Tyler得到了(观众的)起立欢呼。
9.as 考查介词。此处as意为“作为”,后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式,与performed呼应,表示扮演的角色,符合语境。
10.more 考查副词比较级。根据语境可知,此处表示“更多”的含义,故用副词比较级more修饰动词know。
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People who have spent time in other cultures often talk about “reverse(反向的)culture shock”.If you leave your country for more than a short tourist trip and then go back home,you may feel 1..What is “reverse culture shock”?Well,imagine the following:You have just adjusted to a new culture and have come 2. (enjoy) life in it.You have made new friends and have had 3.great variety of new experiences.Then,4.(sad) enough,it’s time to leave,but you are also very excited about 5. (go) home.Arriving home is wonderful — seeing all the friends and relatives you haven’t seen,eating all the special foods,reading the newspapers 6. hearing music you haven’t heard in such a long time.But then after a few weeks,perhaps,things may not seem so “wonderful”.You may become critical of your home country 7. you have grown up.You may not like certain things or ideas.8. your eyes,either you or your home country 9. (change).?
This is the process of readjustment.It’s a difficult period,and many people experience it after the 10.(excite) of coming home has worn off.Fortunately,it doesn’t usually last as long as adjustment to a new culture does.
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了反向文化冲击,即出国之后再回国产生的不适应。
1.it 考查代词。此处代词it指代上文中的“reverse (反向的) culture shock”。
2.to enjoy 考查固定用法。come to do sth.意为“开始认为,开始觉得”。
3.a 考查冠词。a great variety of意为“多种多样的”,variety为可数名词。
4.sadly 考查副词。副词sadly做状语,修饰整个句子。
5.going 考查非谓语动词。about为介词,后应用动词-ing形式。
6.and 考查连词。句中seeing,eating,reading和hearing为并列动作,故用and连接。
7.where 考查定语从句。先行词为home country,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中做地点状语,故用关系副词where。
8.In 考查介词。in one’s eyes为固定短语,意为“在某人眼里”。
9.has changed 考查动词的时态。此处应用现在完成时,强调过去动作对现在的影响。
10.excitement 考查名词。由the和of可知,此处需要用名词。
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Tea is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water.Originating in China,tea has long established 1.(it) as the national drink of this country.
About one thousand years ago,tea 2.(describe) in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live 3. (long).Today,it is still being regarded as such.Both green tea and black tea are claimed to be effective for 4. (prevent) cancer,heart disease,and many other deadly diseases.There is only one point 5.people need to be aware of when they drink tea — it should not be drunk along with meals.?
Tea,a popular drink in China and many other countries,6.(be) carefully prepared according to local customs.The Chinese put loose tea in teapots,add boiling water,and serve it in teacups.The strong tea from China’s Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cups before dinner.Lighter tea with jasmine(茉莉),rose or other 7. (flower),usually served after dinner,is special to China’s Changjiang River regions.?
Many English people,travelling away from home,feel 8. a loss if their favorite teabags are not available.Afternoon tea in England is still a time-honored tradition.It’s a good opportunity for people to socialize or discuss business matters.?
In Japan,a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea.The ceremony,usually 9. (hold) in a teahouse,dates back to the 16th century.Guests follow strict rules set up then and the tea used is powdered green tea.Though still practised today,the ceremony may not be as popular 10. it used to be.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了茶的渊源及几个国家的茶文化。
1.itself 考查代词。此处填的代词与句子主语tea形成互指关系,故用反身代词。
2.was described 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境中的时间状语“About one thousand years ago”可知,事情发生在过去,且tea和describe构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
3.longer 考查比较级。此处表示“让人活得更长”,故用longer。
4.preventing 考查非谓语动词。介词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语,故用preventing。
5.that 考查定语从句。that引导定语从句,在从句中做介词of的宾语,修饰先行词one point。
6.is 考查主谓一致。句子主语为Tea,且与下文的“is drunk”在时态上呼应,故此处用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
7.flowers 考查名词复数。flower是可数名词,由前面的other可知,此处表示复数概念。
8.at 考查介词。固定搭配at a loss意为“困惑,不知所措”,故用介词at。
9.held 考查非谓语动词。hold和句子谓语之间没有连词,故用非谓语动词。句子主语The ceremony与hold构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。
10.as 考查连词。由“as+形容词+as”的结构可知,此处应用连词as引导比较状语从句。
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In 1. (tradition) Chinese culture,tai chi is often related to the Chinese idea of yin and yang,the idea that one can see two sides in everything.Once 2.a time,Taoist Zhang Sanfeng saw a bird attacking a snake in the Wudang Mountains in Hubei Province.The snake’s defense inspired him 3.(create) a set of 72 movements,which used 4.(soft) and power from inside to defeat violent force.?
For those 5. do it,tai chi can be practiced any time and anywhere without equipment or a gymnasium.And learning to do it 6. (correct) gives us a practical way to achieve such things as balance,motor control and rhythm(节奏)of movement.So it 7.(believe) that practicing tai chi can in some way help us stand,walk,move and run better.?
Tai chi’s benefits certainly go beyond physical ones.For Marleni Calcina from Peru,who 8. (do) tai chi for over 10 years,it’s not only a sport,but also a way of life.And 9. is tai chi that has helped her understand the value of “going slowly”.Now,practicing tai chi is like 10. (speak) with her soul.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了太极拳的由来、作用和意义。
1.traditional 考查形容词。空处修饰名词Chinese culture,故用形容词形式。
2.upon 考查固定搭配。once upon a time为固定搭配,意为“从前”。
3.to create 考查非谓语动词。inspire sb.to do sth.为固定用法,意为“启发某人做某事”。
4.softness 考查名词。根据空后的“and power”可知,空处和名词power是并列关系,故应用名词形式。
5.who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词为those,空处为关系代词,指代人,且在从句中做主语,故用who。
6.correctly 考查副词。空处修饰动词do,故用副词形式。
7.is believed 考查时态和语态。it is believed that...为固定句型,意为“据信……”。it和动词believe之间为被动关系,故用被动语态;根据语境可知,该句陈述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时。
8.has done 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句时间状语“for over 10 years”可知,此处应用现在完成时,又因who指代先行词Marleni Calcina,为单数,故填has done。
9.it 考查强调句结构。分析该句结构可知,该句为强调句,其基本结构为it is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+句子的其他成分。该句被强调的部分是“tai chi”。
10.speaking 考查非谓语动词。like在此处为介词,后跟动词-ing形式做宾语,意为“像……一样”。该句句意:如今,练太极就像是在和她的灵魂说话。
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This summer I travelled from noisy Beijing to Wuzhen,a beautiful village in Zhejiang Province.Unfolded before me was 1.unique image of this water country — the stone bridge and the water flowing,all like fairy tales to me.
However,2. impressed me most was not the natural scenery but the scene of a grandma bathing a little baby in a wooden basin with the door open.My friends couldn’t help 3.(take) pictures of them.To my surprise,the grandma smiled and waved at us.All of a sudden,my heart was filled with 4. (warm).?
I shared the photo and my 5. (forget) experience with my friends.They were 6.(simple) moved as I was,but at the same time they reminded me of the unpleasant experiences in big cities.We feel embarrassed to see people quarrelling in public because they 7. (step) on accidentally by strangers.?
According to a recent survey 8. (make) in November 2016,45 percent of the residents don’t know the names of their neighbors;63 percent have never devoted 9.(they) to talking to their neighbors;67 percent think that the relationship between them and their neighbors is just so-so,or even bad.?
Wouldn’t it be beautiful to say hello to our neighbors who just came back 10. work and give them a smile??
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者的乌镇之旅以及对大城市里冷漠的邻里关系的反思。
1.a 考查冠词。image是可数名词,且第一次在语境中出现,故用不定冠词修饰,且unique的读者不是以元音音素开头的,故用不定冠词a。
2.what 考查连接词。what引导主语从句,且在从句中做主语,表示物的概念。
3.taking 考查非谓语动词。固定词组搭配:can’t help doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事”,符合语境,故用动词-ing形式做宾语。
4.warmth 考查词性转换。介词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语,故用名词warmth做介词with的宾语。
5.unforgettable 考查词性转换。修饰名词的词一般为形容词,且此处与第二段呼应,作者和朋友们分享的是难忘的经历,故用形容词unforgettable修饰名词experience,在句子中做定语。
6.simply 考查副词。修饰动词的词一般为副词,故用副词simply在句子中做状语。
7.are stepped 考查动词时态和语态。根据语境中by的提示可知,此处表示被动概念,且由句中feel的时态可知,应用一般现在时的被动语态,即are stepped。
8.made 考查非谓语动词。make和句子谓语之间没有连词,且和其逻辑主语survey之间构成动宾关系,故用过去分词做后置定语。
9.themselves 考查代词。根据语境可知,此处用反身代词themselves做宾语。
10.from 考查介词。根据语境可知,此处表示下班后回来,故用介词from,意为“从……”。
语篇填空专题突破练14
专题突破练第39页 ?
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(2018河南郑州质量预测)
I lost my last debate in the recent National High School Academic Debate & Speech Tournament held in Shanghai.But instead of focusing on my 1. (fail),I stopped to reflect on my experiences in the past few years 2. a debater.?
In general,preparing for new debate topics usually 3.(include) brainstorming arguments,researching a resolution(解决),and doing debate practice.So if you spot a debating group,you might see us sitting together after school,or even all day at weekends,discussing arguments and researching evidence.You might also notice us arguing 4. (fierce) anywhere we can.?
Not only are they supportive,but my debate friends also have similar passions and interests to mine.As we discuss debate topics,my fellow debaters and I can talk about anything,from 5. best way of rehabilitating(改造) criminals to the negative points of free immigration policies.However,our discussions are more than just a way 6. (practice) our debating skills.In my mind,they help us to become calm and consider 7.(win) and solving real problems as well.?
To me,the debating community is a great place 8. people help each other not only because they’re interested in a higher cause,but because they care about how people from different 9. (background) can lead better lives.I’m grateful to each of my debate friends and every single minute we got to spend together.Indeed,my high school life would be incomplete without them.So even though I 10. (defeat) in my last debate,I’m still thankful for being part of my wonderful debate family.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者虽然在一次辩论赛中失败了,但停下来反思过去几年作为一名辩手的经历,作者依然觉得受益匪浅。
1.failure 考查名词。根据空前的形容词性物主代词my可知,此处应用名词,故填fail的名词形式failure。
2.as 考查介词。但“我”并没有把注意力集中到自己的失败上,而是停下来反思过去几年自己作为一名辩手的经历。根据句意可知此处用介词,as表示“作为”。
3.includes 考查主谓一致。本句中主语为preparing for new debate topics,是动名词短语,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
4.fiercely 考查副词。你也有可能注意到在任何我们能辩论的地方我们都在激烈地论证。空格处修饰arguing,故应用副词。
5.the 考查冠词。形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the。
6.to practice 考查非谓语动词。然而,我们的讨论不仅仅是练习我们辩论技巧的一种方法。此处为动词不定式做定语。
7.winning 考查非谓语动词。在“我”看来,它们有助于我们变得镇静,也帮助我们考虑赢得辩论比赛和解决真正的问题。动词consider“考虑”后跟动词-ing形式做宾语。
8.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,在从句中做状语,先行词为place,故用where。
9.backgrounds 考查名词。因为他们关心的是来自不同背景的人如何能过上更好的生活。background作“出身,个人背景”讲时为可数名词,空前有different修饰,故此处应用其复数形式。
10.was defeated 考查时态和语态。因此,尽管在上次的辩论中“我”被击败了,但“我”仍然感谢自己是非常棒的辩论家族的一员。根据句意可知此处用被动语态,且此处描述的是过去的事情,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
2
(2018陕西教学质量检测)
Harvard is older than the United States.In the early 1630s some settlers suggested that a university 1. (found) just to improve the quality of their descendants so that they could 2. (well) build the new home.Thus,it was established in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.?
Like many other 3. (university) at that time,the Harvard at the early stage often ran into financial crisis.The school board often had to go to Europe to raise 4. (donate),but as you can predict,they often came back 5. their hands empty.?
In 1638,John Harvard,pastor of Charlestown,passed away.He left his library and half his estate to the institution,6. were the biggest donation ever since its establishment.Therefore,the university was named after his name.Today,you can find a statue of John Harvard 7.(stand) in front of the University Hall in Harvard Yard,and it is perhaps the University’s best 8.(know) landmark.?
Like other world famous universities,Harvard has many colleges too and Harvard Business School is one of them.There is 9. saying in education that Harvard is the crown of American education 10. Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。哈佛大学历史悠久,是当时的殖民者为了提高他们后代的文化素质而建立的。文章介绍了哈佛大学创建初期遇到的困难、名称的来历及其地位。
1.be founded 考查被动语态和虚拟语气。主语a university和动词found之间是被动关系,故用被动语态;suggest表示“建议”时,后接从句,从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用(should+)动词原形。
2.better 考查副词的比较级。17世纪30年代早期,一些殖民者建议建立一所大学以提高他们后代的素质,这样他们就能更好地建造新的家园。根据语境可知,空格处表示“更好地”,故应用副词比较级。
3.universities 考查名词的复数形式。和当时的其他许多大学一样,早期的哈佛大学经常遭遇金融危机。university为可数名词,该处表示“其他许多大学”,故该处用复数形式。
4.donation(s) 考查名词。学校董事会经常不得不去欧洲筹集捐款,但正如你所能预测的,他们经常空手而归。根据该句中的及物动词raise可知,空格处做该及物动词的宾语,故用名词形式。
5.with 考查介词。with表示“具有,带有”,符合语境。
6.which 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,句中his library and half his estate为先行词,故用which引导该定语从句。
7.standing 考查现在分词。今天,你可以在哈佛广场的大学礼堂前找到一尊站立着的John Harvard的雕像,这也许是这所大学最著名的地标。a statue of John Harvard和动词stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词做宾语补足语。
8.known 考查形容词。根据空处后的名词“landmark”可知,空格处修饰该名词,故用形容词known表示“知名的,著名的”。
9.a 考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一句格言”,且saying的发音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。
10.and 考查连词。在教育界有一句名言:哈佛是美国教育的王冠,哈佛商学院是它的闪亮之星。空前的“Harvard is the crown of American education”和空后的“Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it”为并列关系,故用连词and。
3
Have you ever noticed that you feel happier and more relaxed after you eat bread,pasta or fruit?Do you find that you are more energetic and awake after eating yogurt or beans?These things are not accidents.Food affects 1.we feel more than we think.Scientists researching 2. (it) effect on our moods are beginning to understand that we can influence our feelings with what we eat.?
Although our moods relate 3. having various food,it is not quite as simple as choosing the food for the right occasions.If that 4. (be) the case,athletes would not eat a lot of carbohydrates before a race.?
Another chemical 5. (connect) with our moods is caffeine,which 6. (find) in coffee,chocolate and many types of tea,and it is perhaps 7.worst thing you can have when you are feeling stressed.?
Of course,8. (enjoy) a nice meal with friends,whatever we eat,can also impact our spirits.Being with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing happiness.?
Most 9. (important),though,remember the following old rule:try to eat different food,10. not too much.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。我们所吃的食物会对我们的情绪有影响。因此,我们要尝试吃不同的食物,但是不要吃太多。
1.how 考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,由“we feel more than we think”可知,从句不缺成分;结合语境可以判断,应用疑问副词how引导该从句。
2.its 考查代词。由名词effect可知,应用形容词性物主代词its。
3.to 考查动词短语。relate to为固定搭配,意为“和……有关系”。
4.were 考查虚拟语气。根据该句中的“athletes would not eat a lot of carbohydrates before a race”可知,该句为虚拟语气,表示对目前情况的虚拟,故从句谓语动词用过去式were。
5.connected 考查非谓语动词。chemical和connect为动宾关系,故用过去分词短语做后置定语。
6.is found 考查动词时态和语态。此处which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为caffeine,和find之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用被动语态;此处是对客观情况的描述,应用一般现在时。
7.the 考查定冠词。根据空后的形容词最高级worst可知,空处应用the。
8.enjoying 考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知,此处为动词-ing形式短语在句中做主语。
9.importantly 考查副词。空处修饰全句,故用副词形式。
10.but/yet 考查连词。根据语境可知,尝试吃不同的食物,但是不要吃太多。
4
Over 2,200 years ago,Chengdu was threatened by frequent floods.Li Bing,together with his son,decided to construct an irrigation system on the Minjiang River 1.(prevent) flooding.2. having a long study and a lot of hard work by the local people,the great Dujiangyan Irrigation System was completed.Since then,the Chengdu Plain 3. (be) free of flooding and the people have been living peacefully and wealthily.?
It is the 4. (old) and only surviving no-dam irrigation system in the world.It is also 5.wonder in the development of Chinese science.The project consists of three important parts,namely Yuzui,Feishayan and Baopingkou,which were 6.(science) designed to control the water flow of the rivers throughout the year.?
There is a glorious bridge called the Anlan Cable Bridge crossing the Minjiang River above Yuzui,7. you can clearly see the entire system.The great 8. (construct) originally started before the Song Dynasty.At that time,the body of the bridge was constructed with wooden blocks and the handrails(扶手) were made of bamboo.Recently the wood and bamboo have been replaced with steel and concrete to guarantee the security of 9. (visit) from home and abroad.Seen from afar,the bridge looks like a rainbow 10. (hang) over the river.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了成都都江堰水利工程的建造过程、世界地位、历史价值以及该工程的现状。
1.to prevent 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知,李冰和他的儿子在岷江设计灌溉系统的目的是阻止洪水在成都泛滥,故此处应用动词不定式表示目的。
2.After 考查介词。句意:在经过长期调研和地方群众的艰苦工作之后,都江堰水利工程完工。after意为“在……之后”,符合语境。
3.has been 考查时态。句意:从那时起,成都平原不再受洪水侵扰,人们过着和平、富裕的生活。根据该句中的“Since then”及“have been”可知,该句应用现在完成时。
4.oldest 考查形容词最高级。根据该句中的the和“in the world”可知,都江堰水利工程是世界上现存最古老的无坝水利工程,故用最高级。
5.a 考查不定冠词。句意:它也是中国科学发展历史上的一个奇迹。这里泛指“一个奇迹”,故用不定冠词。
6.scientifically 考查副词。空处修饰动词,故用副词形式。
7.where 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中做地点状语,故用where引导该定语从句。
8.construction 考查名词。根据空前的形容词“great”可以判断,空处被形容词修饰,故用名词形式。
9.visitors 考查名词的数。这里指“保证国内外游客的安全”,故用名词的复数形式。
10.hanging 考查非谓语动词。句意:从远处看,这座桥就像是悬挂在江上方的一道彩虹。空处与rainbow存在逻辑上的主谓关系,故用动词的-ing形式。
5
The Yangtze River,1. (know) in China as the Changjiang River,is the longest river in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.Flowing from the Tibetan Plateau to the East China Sea,the Yangtze is a natural division 2. north and south.Driven by the 3.(curious) in my heart,I came to China and took part in a cruise(乘船度假)along part of the river last year.?
Life on board was relaxed with plenty to occupy the time and mind.We passed Wuhan 4. in 1996 Chairman Mao,then in his 70s,famously swam across the Yangtze River.Glorious temples rise over industrial ports while,high above the rocks,ancient coffins are hung in caves,without being disturbed for 5.(century).We also visited the Three Gorges Dam,6. symbol of Chinese pride and power.As well as enormous hydroelectric output,7. (it) increasing shipping ability benefits Chinese people quite a lot.?
As a foreigner,I 8. (absorb) and charmed by the genuine warmth of welcome and unique culture during the trip.9. (rare),if ever,have I enjoyed such a culturally rich and historically interesting trip.Now I am looking forward to 10. (visit) again to China!?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了作者游长江的经历。
1.known 考查非谓语动词。known in China as the Changjiang River在句中做定语,修饰The Yangtze River。
2.between 考查介词。根据空后的and再结合语境可知应用between。
3.curiosity 考查名词。curious为形容词,由前面的冠词the可知,此处应用名词;driven by the curiosity意为“受好奇心驱使”。
4.where 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,先行词为Wuhan,关系词在从句中做地点状语,故用关系副词where引导定语从句。
5.centuries 考查名词的数。for表示动作或情况持续的时间长度;for centuries意为“一连好几个世纪”。
6.a 考查冠词。symbol为可数名词;a symbol of Chinese pride and power在句中做the Three Gorges Dam的同位语。
7.its 考查代词。it指三峡大坝,此处是说明三峡大坝的运输能力,故用形容词性物主代词its。
8.was absorbed 考查动词时态和语态。此处描述当时旅行的情景,故应用一般过去时;由语境可知,作者被吸引住了,故应用被动语态。
9.Rarely 考查副词。修饰动词需要用副词。
10.visiting 考查非谓语动词。look forward to中的to为介词,后接动词-ing形式。
6
Chinese brush calligraphy or “shufa” in Chinese is one of 1. most important art forms in China.Many Asian cultures have originated their own calligraphy styles,but China’s is unequaled because of 2. (it) beauty,grace(优雅)and history.?
The 3. (origin) of Chinese brush calligraphy are unknown,but local tales say it goes back over 4,000 years to the time of the legendary(传说的)Yellow Emperor (2698 BC—2598 BC).At that time characters were carved on animal bones or tortoise shells.Only after Emperor Qinshihuang united China under his rule 4.one country did it really gain popularity as a common art form.?
He simplified Chinese characters and regular rules were set,5.(make) it easier for people to learn and master.This Chinese art form continued to progress and during the Tang Dynasty (618 AD—907 AD) a new type of cursive script(草书)was formed and standardized.It is written 6. (free),but it’s not as easy to read.?
Today Chinese calligraphy is once again a subject in schools and an art form highly 7. (appreciate) across the world.Anyone can practice it and 8.is required is a simple set including:a brush,ink and paper.It’s fun for amateurs to try,but to become good at it,not only years of practice but also natural talent 9. (need).Practising this art consistently can develop personal character and is of great 10.(benefit) to health.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国书法的起源及特点。
1.the 考查冠词。根据形容词最高级most important可知,空处需加定冠词the,此处意为“最重要的艺术形式之一”。
2.its 考查代词。修饰名词应该用形容词性物主代词,所以填its。
3.origins 考查名词的数。根据该句的谓语动词are可知,中国书法的起源不止一种,所以用名词复数origins。
4.as/into 考查介词。unite...as/into...在此处意为“把……统一成……”,所以填as/into。
5.making 考查非谓语动词。动词make与其逻辑主语是主谓关系且与上文之间无连词,故用making在此处做状语。
6.freely 考查副词。修饰动词应用副词。
7.appreciated 考查非谓语动词。动词appreciate与其逻辑主语art form是动宾关系,故用过去分词appreciated在此处做定语。
8.what 考查主语从句。根据句意“需要的东西就是一套简单的(书写)工具”可知,此处应用what引导主语从句。
9.is needed 考查主谓一致和被动语态。“not only...but also...”做主语,谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则,故此处谓语动词应用单数。natural talent与动词need之间是动宾关系,故用is needed。
10.benefit 考查名词。此处指“坚持练习这门艺术能培养个人的性格而且对健康大有好处”,形容词great后应用名词benefit。
7
Whenever Prince George steps out for an engagement,like on the royal tour of Canada,or poses for 1.(office) photographs,he only ever wears shorts,2. has long confused royal watchers.?
According to William Hanson,3. expert in ceremony,there’s a very good reason for this — and it has nothing to do 4.fashion,but rather a royal tradition that 5. (date) back to the sixteenth century.A newborn baby would 6.(dress) in a gown for his first year or two.Then he was “breeched(穿裤礼)”and wore articles of clothing like shorts.The usual custom is that a boy graduates to trousers around eight years old.?
With times 7. (change),middle-class boys began to wear trousers but they are considered suburban(呆板的)by the upper.Hanson explains,“8.is a very English thing to dress a young boy in shorts.”The British upper are always keen to hold on to the tradition,and this also 9. (silent) marks them out from “the rest”.However,as for William and Kate,the 10. (decide) to dress George in shorts is more likely down to the tradition than a class issue.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,George王子出访时总喜欢穿短裤,这其实与英国皇室传统有关。本文介绍了这一传统的渊源和人们的评价。
1.official 考查形容词。空处修饰名词photographs,故用形容词形式。
2.which 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,该句为非限制性定语从句;空处为关系词,指代前面的整句话,故用which引导。
3.an 考查冠词。此处泛指“一个专家”,expert的读音以元音音素开头,故用an。
4.with 考查固定搭配。have nothing to do with为固定搭配,意为“和……无关”。
5.dates 考查时态和主谓一致。that代指a royal tradition,在从句中做主语;该句陈述的是一般事实,故用一般现在时。
6.be dressed 考查语态。名词baby和dress之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用被动语态。
7.changing 考查非谓语动词。此处为with的独立主格结构,times和动词change之间为主谓关系,故用动词的-ing形式做宾语补足语。
8.It 考查代词。分析该句结构可知,空处做形式主语,真正的主语由后面的动词不定式短语充当。
9.silently 考查副词。空处修饰动词marks,故用副词形式。
10.decision 考查名词。根据定冠词the可知,空处用名词形式。
8
There is a tradition at my school that when the College Entrance Examination is less than a month away,students in the 1.(low) grades,from Senior 1 to Senior 2,all gather together on the ground in front of the teaching building and cheer on the Senior 3 students who are standing upstairs.It wasn’t until I 2. (person) took part in the activity that I understood the real 3.(mean) of it.?
I was in Senior 2 at the time.4. that special night,all the Senior 3 students stood in the corridors(走廊)and looked down at the younger students below.5.(vary) cheers started to resound throughout the school,wave after wave.“Believe in yourself!You deserve to win!”?
6. (see) everyone’s smiling face around me,I thought of 7. famous quote from the American philosopher Henry David Thoreau:What you get by achieving your goals is not as important as what you become by achieving your goals.?
Soon it will be my turn 8. (bless) in this way,9. also means I will have to say goodbye to my school.Sad as it will be,being cheered on by so many students will still be one of the brightest 10. (time) of my life.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文,在高考前,高一、高二学生为高三学生加油打气是我校的传统。文章记录了这一过程和“我”的感想。
1.lower 考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“from Senior 1 to Senior 2”可知,这里表示低年级的学生,故用low的比较级lower。
2.personally 考查副词。句意:直到我亲自参加了这一活动,我才理解了此项活动的真正意义。空处修饰动词短语,故用副词形式。
3.meaning 考查名词。空处前的real为形容词,修饰名词,故空处用meaning,表示“意义”。
4.On 考查介词。在某一个特定的晚上用介词on。
5.Various 考查形容词。根据空处后的名词“cheers”可知,空处修饰该名词,故用形容词形式。
6.Seeing 考查非谓语动词。该句主语I和动词see之间为主谓关系,这里表示动作正在发生,故用动词-ing形式做伴随状语。
7.a 考查冠词。这里指“我想起美国哲学家Henry David Thoreau的一句名言”。此处表泛指,故用不定冠词。
8.to be blessed 考查动词不定式的被动语态。句意:很快就该轮到我以这种方式受到祝福了。根据语境并结合it’s one’s turn to do sth.的固定用法可知,这里应用动词不定式的被动语态。
9.which 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前句,故用which。
10.times 考查名词的复数。time在此意为“(以某种方式经历的)事件,时刻”,为可数名词。one of后接可数名词的复数形式,故用times。
语篇填空专题突破练15
专题突破练第41页 ?
1
Chinese are the first people to have tea.One thousand and two hundred years ago,Lu Yu wrote a book called The Classic of Tea.1.is honored as“The Bible of Tea”.The book gives a detailed 2. (explain) of the origin,the processing skills and the classification of tea.?
However,Chinese tea culture goes far beyond tea 3.(it).Take green tea for instance,the ideal temperature of the water should be around 80 degrees Celsius.If the water is too hot,nutrients(营养) in the tea 4.(destroy).On the other hand,if the water is not hot enough,the tea 5.(leaf) won’t open and you will miss the pleasantly fresh flavor.So Chinese people are accustomed 6.drinking hot tea.When you visit a Chinese friend,your friend will 7. (constant) add hot water to your empty cup of tea.It is polite 8.(offer) the tea cup to guests with both hands.Of course,the guests should pay respect as well,9.(take) the cup with both hands.?
Talking about adding water to the tea cup,there is 10. saying:Wine full,the full cup.Tea half,half cup.For wine,the full cup symbolizes whole heartiness.For tea,the half cup means modesty.
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国茶文化的历史、喝热茶的原因、喝茶礼仪、关于茶的俗语等。
1.which 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“The Classic of Tea”,空处为关系词,指物,故填which。
2.explanation 考查名词。根据空前的detailed可知,空处被形容词修饰,故用explain的名词形式。
3.itself 考查反身代词。句意:然而,中国的茶文化远超过茶本身。据此可知,空处用反身代词itself。
4.will be destroyed 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:如果水太热,茶叶中的营养将被破坏。根据句意可知,主语nutrients (营养) in the tea和动词destroy之间为被动关系,故用被动语态;根据该句结构可知,该句为复合句,在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,主句则用一般将来时,故空处用一般将来时的被动语态。
5.leaves 考查名词的复数。根据常识可知,该处的茶叶为复数概念。
6.to 考查固定搭配。be accustomed to为固定搭配,意为“习惯于……”。
7.constantly 考查副词。根据空后的动词add可知,空处修饰该动词,故用副词形式。
8.to offer 考查动词不定式。分析该句结构可知,该句使用了“It+is/was+adj.+to do sth.”的固定句式,It为形式主语,动词不定式做真正的主语。
9.taking 考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知,空处做伴随状语,且take与其逻辑主语the guests之间是主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式。
10.a 考查冠词。该处泛指“一句俗语”,且saying的发音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。
2
Visiting Xi’an was once my dream.It became a reality when I was admitted to a training course in China along with two other 1.(lady).Finally,the day arrived 2. I landed at Xianyang International Airport in early August.As soon as I landed,I 3. (feel) a change in the atmosphere.I saw people standing in queues 4. (wait) for their turn at the immigration desk.Afterwards,we were transported to the office in the International Exhibition Centre.China had invited participants 5. twenty-three developing countries to share digital television broadcasting techniques with them.?
In my 20 days in Xi’an,I got the opportunity to observe Chinese culture closely,6. thus it left an unforgettable mark on me.Now,Xi’an is like my second home.Since I came back to Pakistan,I have been missing Xi’an 7. (bad).?
My 20-day stay in Xi’an was 8. great experience.It was a learning opportunity,and also a chance to 9. (broad) my understanding of diversity.I learned that despite differences of colors,heights,races and religions,all human beings 10. (tie) by the bond of humanity,and that the future of nations is global with development and peace.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】作者是一个巴基斯坦人,到西安旅行了20天,与魅力西安进行了亲密接触,这是让她终生难忘的一段经历。
1.ladies 考查名词。本句中的two说明这里应该使用可数名词的复数形式,此处指作者与另外两个女士一起在中国参加一项训练课程。
2.when 考查定语从句。本句中含有一个定语从句,先行词是day,when引导定语从句并在从句中做时间状语。
3.felt 考查动词的时态。作者讲述的是过去的事情,所以应用一般过去时。故填felt。
4.waiting 考查非谓语动词。句中standing in queues是后置定语解释people,而作者看到的是这些人正在排队。
5.from 考查介词。本句中的twenty-three developing countries是本句中的participants的来源,故填from。
6.and 考查连词。正是因为在西安的20天让作者亲密接触了中国文化,而且让自己印象深刻。两句话之间是顺承关系,所以用and连接并列句。
7.badly 考查副词。作者回到巴基斯坦之后,非常怀念在西安的日子,这里用badly表示强烈的心情,badly意为“非常”。
8.a 考查冠词。作者认为自己在西安停留的20天是一次很棒的经历,experience意为“经历”时是可数名词,故用不定冠词a。
9.broaden 考查动词。本句中的to是一个不定式符号,所以用broad对应的动词broaden,意为“拓宽”。
10.are tied 考查动词的时态和语态。本句中虽然使用了learned,但是其后的宾语从句是客观事实,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。
3
Summer is almost here,and the weather is heating up.1.you drink enough water every day?Many kids don’t,according to a new study 2. (publish) in the American Journal of Public Health.?
Erica Kenney,a 3. (science) at Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health,originally planned to look into the amount of sugary drinks that kids were consuming in schools.However,4.she was doing the research,she noticed that many kids were 5. (simple) not drinking enough water.?
Kenney and her team examined figures from a group of 4,000 children aged from 6 to 19,between the years of 2009 and 2012.While looking through the survey results,she 6.(find) that more than half of the kids were dehydrated(脱水的).
A lack 7. water can lead to health problems such as headaches,poor physical performance,and even more serious problems.Your body needs more water when you are in hot climates,when you are physically active,and when you have a fever.?
Kenney said,“8. is good news that this public health problem has a simple solution.If we can focus on encouraging kids 9. (drink) more water — a low-cost,sugar-free drink — we can improve their drinking habits,which may allow many kids to feel 10. (great) throughout the day and do better in school.”?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,一项调查表明,许多在校的孩子没有喝足够的水,超过半数的孩子处于脱水状态。
1.Do 考查一般疑问句和时态。根据该句中的“you drink enough water every day”可以判断,该句为一般疑问句,且问的是经常发生的动作,故用一般现在时。
2.published 考查非谓语动词。a new study和动词publish之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词做后置定语。
3.scientist 考查名词。根据该句中的不定冠词a可知,该处用名词,表示“一位科学家”。
4.when/while/as 考查状语从句的引导词。根据该句中的进行时态“she was doing the research”并结合语境可以判断,此处表示“当她进行研究时,她注意到许多孩子根本没有喝足量的水”。when/while/as都表示“当……时候”。
5.simply 考查副词。空处修饰动词,故用副词形式。
6.found 考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“the kids were”并结合语境可知,该处陈述的是过去发生的事,故用一般过去时。
7.of 考查固定搭配。a lack of为固定搭配,意为“缺乏”。
8.It 考查代词。分析该句结构可知,该句为包含that引导的主语从句的主从复合句,It作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
9.to drink 考查动词不定式。encourage sb.to do sth.为固定搭配,故此处用动词不定式。
10.greater 考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“and do better in school”可知,空处与此对应,应用形容词的比较级。
4
(2018河北石家庄教学质量检测)
In many places like Britain and Italy,if you leave the house without your wallet,you’ll be in a tough situation all day.But in China,you can enjoy your day just 1. a smart phone.?
The other day,I set out 2. (see) how far a phone would get me in the country’s capital.Admittedly,I was surprised to discover how 3. (convenience) it was.?
I used my phone to call a taxi to meet my Chinese friend,Gu Yu,4. would guide me to get around Beijing.We paid for breakfast by 5. (scan) a QR code on the window of a restaurant selling jianbing,one of China’s most popular street breakfasts.My purchase cost 6 yuan and 6. (take) just a few seconds.At a nearby coffee shop,7. (it) owner scanned a QR code on my phone.As we sipped our coffee,Gu Yu paid her household water bill.She used the same simple process to pay other bills and even her rent.We also paid by phone for movie tickets,takeout food,shopping and for 8.(deliver).?
I have known from Gu Yu that from tiny street stands to large chains,9. huge number of people accept mobile payment,10. (most) through popular apps.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】作者讲述了自己在中国和朋友一起用手机进行移动支付的经历,包括打车、吃饭、交各种费用、买票、购物等,不需要带钱包,只要带一部手机,就可以很愉快地度过一天。
1.with 考查介词。空格处所在句的主干部分是完整的, a smart phone做状语,意思是“用一部智能手机”,故填with,表示“用”。?
2.to see 考查非谓语动词。set out to do sth.“打算/计划做某事”,为固定用法。
3.convenient 考查形容词。此处为how引导的宾语从句,空格处在从句中做系动词was的表语,且前面有how修饰,故要用形容词。
4.who 考查定语从句。从结构上看,空格处是关系代词,引导一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“my Chinese friend,Gu Yu”,指人,并且在从句中做主语,故填who。
5.scanning 考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词by可知,空格处做介词的宾语,因此填动名词scanning。
6.took 考查动词的时态。根据句子的主语My purchase及谓语动词cost可知,and连接的并列谓语应用过去式,故填took。
7.its 考查代词。根据空格前的地点状语“At a nearby coffee shop”可知,句子的主语是这家咖啡店的老板,因此应用形容词性物主代词its做owner的定语。
8.delivery 考查名词。根据空格前的介词for可知,空格处做介词的宾语,for delivery“送货”为常用搭配。
9.a 考查固定短语。a huge number of是固定短语,意思是“许多”,修饰可数名词复数。
10.mostly 考查副词。空格处做状语,修饰介词短语through popular apps Alipay and WeChat,故填mostly,意思是“主要地,通常,多半”。
5
Many of Van Gogh’s paintings were inspired by warm,yellow sunlight because he loved how it could light up the world in different ways.His painting Sunflowers,for example,1.(fill) with vivid yellows and browns.These colors give 2. painting a feeling of warmth and well-being.However,the sunflowers are actually dead and dying.?
The result is a painting that combines the warmth of life that Van Gogh loved 3. the feelings of sadness that were all around him.It is a painting that is warm,beautiful and sad all at the same time.?
Van Gogh’s most famous painting,The Starry Night,takes this 4. (mix) of joy and sadness one step further.It is a landscape full of deep blues and shadows 5. represent the sadness Van Gogh was feeling as he 6. (paint),rather than what he was actually seeing.?
This is why Van Gogh’s 7. (image) in his painting look more imagined than real.The stars and moon in The Starry Night are 8. (unusual) bright,9. (they) light swirling(旋动) above the darkening hills.A tree that looks like black fire cuts through the view of the night,10.(interrupt) its beauty.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了凡·高作品的艺术特点。
1.is filled 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句缺少谓语,主语是His painting Sunflowers,谓语动词应用单数,且此处表示一种客观事实,应用一般现在时,再结合固定搭配be filled with可知,填is filled。
2.the 考查冠词。前面提到了Sunflowers这幅画,此处表特指,应用the。
3.with 考查介词。固定搭配combine...with...意为“把……和……结合”,符合语境。
4.mixture 考查名词。动词后面接名词做宾语。
5.which/that 考查定语从句。本句是定语从句。先行词是物,且从句中缺少主语。
6.was painting 考查时态。下文的“rather than what he was actually seeing”表明此处也应该用过去进行时。
7.images 考查名词的数。他作品中的形象不止一个,且根据谓语动词look可知,应用名词的复数形式。
8.unusually 考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词。
9.their 考查代词。名词前需要使用形容词性物主代词。
10.interrupting 考查非谓语动词。interrupt与句子主语是主谓关系,且空处与谓语动词之间无连词连接,所以用动词-ing形式做状语。
6
We all know that the Friday after Thanksgiving means a mad dash to the shopping centre for ridiculous sales.But how did this bargain shopping get 1. (it) start??
The first Black Friday actually had nothing 2.(do) with Thanksgiving or shopping.The origin of Black Friday as we know it today started in Philadelphia during the 1950s and 1960s.Crowds of people would come to town the day after Thanksgiving for the annual Army-Navy football game 3. (hold) the following Saturday.Streets and 4. (store) were always crowded,which was great for business but made easy-pickings for shoplifters(行窃者).Local police called this“Black Friday”.Not only did they have to deal with extra traffic 5.shoplifting,but they had to work extra hours and couldn’t request the day off.?
The term didn’t go national 6. the late 1980s,but the 7. (explain) changed.While shopkeepers 8. (general) suffered financial losses most of the year,the increase of holiday shoppers marked the first day of real profit.In traditional accounting(会计)practices a few years ago,losses 9.(record) in red ink,and profits in black ink.And so,the day after Thanksgiving,10.companies go“into the black”and make a profit,became Black Friday.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了黑色星期五的起源。
1.its 考查代词。根据空后的名词start可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词its。
2.to do 考查固定用法。have nothing to do with意为“与……没有关系”,为固定用法。
3.to be held 考查非谓语动词。game与hold之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故此处可用to be held。
4.stores 考查名词复数。store作“商店”讲时,为可数名词,根据前面的Streets可知,空处用复数形式。
5.and 考查连词。extra traffic与shoplifting是并列的,所以用and连接。
6.until 考查固定用法。not...until...表示“直到……才”。
7.explanation 考查名词。因为前面是the且空处做主语,所以用名词形式。
8.generally 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词。
9.were recorded 考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语a few years ago可知,应用一般过去时;record与losses之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以应用被动语态。
10.when 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中做时间状语,故填when。
7
Located in the northwest of Hunan Province,about 300 kilometers away from Changsha,capital of Hunan,Zhangjiajie,1.covers a total area of 9,563 square kilometers,is a tourist city for its unique natural scenery and abundant tourism resources.Zhangjiajie 2. (award) the title of“World Geological Park”in 2004.3.(actual),Zhangjiajie,honored as“the most fantastic mountain under heaven”and“a walking Chinese landscape painting”,is also widely praised as “4.enlarged potted landscaping”“a mini fairyland”and“a maze(迷宫)of nature”,attracting a growing number of tourists 5.home and abroad.?
Since it was discovered in the 1980s,tourism industry 6.(become) the leading industry in Zhangjiajie,which has stimulated the development of other industries 7.(relate) to tourism.At the same time,eco-tourism has been developed rapidly in Zhangjiajie.When you come to Zhangjiajie,you can fully appreciate 8.(it) magnificent natural scenery and experience appealing folk custom as well as other thrilling tourist 9. (activity),and you will be deeply impressed by 10. is performed by the minorities there.?
It must be an exciting,joyful and unforgettable tour to Zhangjiajie.
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了湖南张家界的地理位置、荣誉称号、旅游业的发展等情况。
1.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Zhangjiajie,关系词在从句中做主语,故用which。
2.was awarded 考查动词的时态和语态。主语Zhangjiajie和动词award之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态;根据该句中的时间状语“in 2004”可知,应用一般过去时。
3.Actually 考查副词。空处修饰整个句子,故用副词形式。
4.an 考查冠词。根据语境可知,该处泛指“一幅放大的缩略风景画”,空后的enlarged的读音以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。
5.from/at 考查介词。这里指“吸引了来自国内外的大量游客”,故用from或at。
6.has become 考查时态。根据该句中的“Since”可知,空处表示过去的动作对现在的影响,故用现在完成时。
7.related 考查非谓语动词。名词industries和动词relate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,且be related to为固定搭配,故用过去分词做名词的后置定语。
8.its 考查代词。根据该句中的“magnificent natural scenery”可知,应用形容词性物主代词its。
9.activities 考查名词的数。张家界景点的旅游活动有多种,故用复数形式。
10.what 考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,做介词by的宾语,且空处在从句中做主语,故用what。
8
In my early twenties,I worked in Kuwait(科威特)for several years.One day,a local workmate warned us of a 1.(come) sandstorm.I had never seen what a sandstorm looked like 2. I told him I wanted to go out just to see it for myself.I received an 3.(amaze) look because he thought I was crazy.A Chinese workmate joined me.We stepped off our factory building 4. our eyes half closed,our mouths closed and our faces covered.We felt safe for the next half hour so we decided to go even 5.(far).?
Passing through several streets,we saw no one but only rubbish here and there.An hour later,I still couldn’t bear to keep my eyes 6. (wide) open.It was time for dinner and 7.was pretty dangerous that the sandstorm was going on and getting stronger.So we went inside a small shop,8. I could clearly see sand on the floor and bought some food.I was happy that 9.sandstorm stopped afterwards and we finally returned to our factory,safe.This was the first time I 10.(experience) sandstorms and I don’t ever want to be in one again.?
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者和一位中国同事不顾其他同事的劝告走出工厂去体验沙尘暴的经历。
1.coming 考查形容词。空处修饰名词sandstorm,故用形容词形式,此处表示“即将到来的沙尘暴”。coming为形容词,意为“即将来临的”。
2.so/and 考查连词。句意:我从来没有看过沙尘暴是什么样子,(所以)我告诉他我要出去亲自看看。根据空处语境可知,空处前后句之间为并列关系或因果关系。
3.amazed 考查形容词。空处修饰名词“look”,形容人的表情,故用amazed。
4.with 考查介词。根据空后的“our eyes half closed,our mouths closed and our faces covered”可以判断,该句使用了with的复合结构“with sth.done”。
5.farther/further 考查比较级。根据该句中的“even”可以判断,此处表示“我们决定走得更远一点”,故用far的比较级。
6.wide 考查副词。空处修饰形容词open,故用副词形式;wide本身就有副词词性,意为“完全地”。注意:此处不能填widely,widely主要表示距离远、范围大、地域广等。
7.it 考查主语从句。分析该句结构可知,句中that引导的从句为真正的主语,空处是形式主语,故用it。
8.where 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,先行词为shop,关系词在从句中做地点状语,故用where引导该定语从句。
9.the 考查冠词。该处特指上文提及的sandstorm,故用定冠词the。
10.had experienced 考查动词的时态。根据“This was the first time”可知,从句用过去完成时。
