阅读理解专题突破练1
专题突破练第1页 ?
第一节
A
体裁:说明文 词数:290 用时:7分钟
University Room Regulations
Approved and Prohibited Items
The following items are approved for use in residential (提供住宿的) rooms:electric blankets,hairdryers,personal computers,radios,televisions and DVD players.Items that are not allowed in student rooms include:candles,ceiling fans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlamps and wireless routers (路由器).Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.
Access to Residential Rooms
Students are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in.Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone.The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others.The fee is $25 to change a room combination.
Cooking Policy
Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen.Students must clean up after cooking.This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff.Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use.With the exception of using a small microwave oven to heat food,students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.
Pet Policy
No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms.Students who are found with pets,whether visiting or owned by the student,are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet.Students receive a written notice when the fine goes into effect.If,one week from the date of the written notice,the pet is not removed,the student is referred to the Student Court.
【解题导语】本文介绍了某个大学的学生公寓的规章制度,包括宿舍内可用和禁止使用的物品、厨房的使用制度、饲养宠物的事项等。
1.Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms?
A.Wireless routers and radios.
B.Hairdryers and candles.
C.Ceiling fans and waterbeds.
D.TVs and electric blankets.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句“The following items are approved for use in residential rooms:electric blankets,hairdryers,personal computers,radios,televisions and DVD players.”可知,在宿舍可以使用电视和电热毯,故D项正确。
2.What do we know about the cooking policy?
A.A microwave oven can be used.
B.Cooking in student rooms is permitted.
C.A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.
D.Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“With the exception of using a small microwave oven to heat food,students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.”可知,学生可以使用微波炉加热食物,故A项正确。根据第三段的第一句“Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen.”可知,学生只能在厨房烹饪食物,故B项错误;根据第三段的第二句“Students must clean up after cooking.”可知,学生做完饭后必须自己打扫厨房,故C项错误;D项文中没有提及。
3.If a student keeps a cat in his room for a week after receiving the written notice,he will face .?
A.a fine of $100 B.parent visits
C.the Student Court D.a final warning
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句可知,如果学生在收到书面通知的一个星期内没有送走宠物,该学生将被送交给学生法庭,故C项正确。根据最后一段的第二句“Students who are found with pets...$100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet.”可知,如果学生被发现饲养宠物,最初罚款100美元,其后每天罚款50美元,故A项错误;B项和D项文中没有提及。
B
体裁:说明文 词数:343 用时:8分钟
Some people call it a traveling museum.Others refer to it as a living or open-air museum.Built in Brazil to honor Columbus’ first voyage to the New World,the Nina,a Columbus-era replica (复制品) ship,provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus’ favorite ship from over 500 years ago.
I joined the crew of the Nina in Gulf Shores,Alabama,in February 2013.As part of a research project sponsored by my university,my goal was to document my days aboard the ship in a blog.I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours to school-age children.The field-trip tour of the Nina is hands-on learning at its best.In this setting,students could touch the line,pass around a ballast stone (压舱石),and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus’ days.They soon came to understand the labor involved in sailing the ship back in his time.I was pleased to see the students become active participants in their learning process.
The Nina is not the only traveling museum that provides such field trips.A visit to Jamestown Settlement,for example,allows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settlers from England to Virginia in the early 1600s.Historical guides,dressed in period costumes,give tours of the Susan Constant,Godspeed,and Discovery.These guides often portray a character that would have lived and worked during that time period.Students touring these ships are encouraged to interact with the guides in order to better understand the daily life in the past.
My experience on the Nina helps testify (证实) my long-held belief that students stay interested,ask better questions,and engage (参与) in higher-order thinking tasks when they are actively engaged in the learning process.The students who boarded the Nina came as passive learners.They left as bold explorers.?
【解题导语】本文介绍了哥伦布航海时用的航船的复制品,它是一个开放的博物馆。学生参观这一特殊的博物馆可以积极主动地参与学习。
4.What occupation is the author engaged in?
A.Shipping. B.Education.
C.Ecological tourism. D.Museum administration.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第二段的第三句“I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours to school-age children.”可知,作者在给学龄儿童介绍有关航船复制品的历史知识;据此可以判断,作者从事的是教育行业,故B项正确。A项意为“航运”,C项意为“生态旅游”,D项意为“博物馆管理”,都与语境不符。
5.Which of the following is TRUE about the Nina introduced in the passage?
A.She is a replica of a ship that Columbus built in Brazil.
B.She is always crowded with foreign tourists during holidays.
C.She is the boat Columbus sailed in his voyage to the New World.
D.She displays what Columbus’ ship was like and how it operated.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus’ favorite ship”可知,Nina为人们提供了哥伦布的航船的原貌;根据第二段的“In this setting,students could touch the line,pass around a ballast stone,and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus’ days.”可知,Nina还提供了如何操作该航船的方法,故D项正确。
6.What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A.Guidelines for visitors on the ships.
B.Life of the first settlers in Jamestown Settlement.
C.Duties of the guides in the British museums.
D.Introduction to another museum similar to the Nina.
答案D
解析段落大意题。根据第三段的“The Nina is not the only traveling museum...A visit to Jamestown Settlement,for example,allows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settlers...”可知,第三段主要介绍了另一个与Nina类似的航行博物馆,故D项正确。
7.What does the author mean by the last two sentences of the passage?
A.The students are interested in becoming tour guides.
B.The experience has changed the students’ learning attitude.
C.The students become brave and are ready to sail the seas on their own.
D.The museums are successful in teaching the students survival skills at sea.
答案B
解析句意猜测题。根据文章最后两句可知,登上了哥伦布航船复制品Nina的学生变成了主动学习的学生,他们成了知识的勇敢探索者。据此可以判断,最后两句旨在说明,这种游览改变了学生们的学习态度,故B项正确。
C
体裁:人物故事 词数:323 用时:8分钟
(2017河南洛阳第一次统考)
There is a lot to learn about the creations of Beatrix Potter — not only is she the author and illustrator of one of the world’s most famous children’s books,The Tale of Peter Rabbit,but also a pioneering conservationist with the spirit of a scientist.
“Potter grew up as the daughter of a wealthy Victorian family,but along with her brother who filled an entire floor of their large house in London with all sorts of animals,” said Anne Lundin,a retired professor for the UW-Madison School of Library and Information Studies.
“As an adult,she was a frustrated botanical illustrator and scientist.That field was not open to her because she was female,” Lundin said.Potter was urged to turn the charming illustrations and stories she wrote in letters to children into books.She wrote 23 books in all — a body of work that has inspired plays,ballets,films and an astonishing amount of merchandise.
“The Tale of Peter Rabbit is probably the most famous children’s book in the world,which was published in 1902 and has really stood the test of time.It’s been translated into 36 languages.The parents and grandparents will share it with the next generation,” said Lundin.
Potter also made a mark on the world through her land conservation.“In many ways,she was like Peter Rabbit,venturing into a world of adventure and risk.She withdrew from London as soon as she started making some money on her books to the Lake District and became an extremely important farmer and conservationist.She preserved and passed on 15 farms and over 4,000 acres,which were given back to the country as gifts in the 20th century,” said Lundin.
Even though she was born 150 years ago,she was amazingly modern — her embracing of the natural world,commented Jennifer Blatchley Smith,an artistic director of the show Peter Rabbit Tales to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Potter’s birth.
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了儿童作家Beatrix Potter的故事。
8.What helped Beatrix Potter to write The Tale of Peter Rabbit successfully?
A.Her life and work experiences.
B.Her specialty in animated (动画) pictures.
C.Her success in becoming a botanical scientist.
D.Her interest in animals in childhood alone.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段的整体内容可推知,儿童作家Beatrix Potter成功地写出了The Tale of Peter Rabbit,这与她的生活和工作经历密不可分。
9.What does the word “frustrated” in the third paragraph mean?
A.Disappointed. B.Devoted.
C.Motivated. D.Inspired.
答案A
解析词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“That field was not open to her because she was female...”可推知,Potter在成为植物插图画家和科学家的道路上不是一帆风顺的,主要是因为当时这一领域还未对女性开放,由此可推知frustrated意为“不得志的,失意的”,故选A项。
10.What is Beatrix Potter?
A.A botanist and artist.
B.An extremely important farmer and successful scientist.
C.A writer,conservationist and farmer.
D.An artistic director.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段可知,Beatrix Potter是一个作家兼有科学家精神的保护主义者,结合倒数第二段可知,Beatrix Potter还是一个农民,故选C项。根据第三段中的“As an adult...That field was not open to her because she was female...”可推知,Potter当时并不是植物学家,此外文中并没有提到她是艺术家,A项错;B项错在successful scientist,与第三段的“she was a...scientist”相悖;D项错在artistic director,那是Jennifer Blatchley Smith的身份,而不是Beatrix Potter的身份,故排除。
11.Why does the author write the article?
A.In celebration of Potter’s 150th birthday.
B.In honour of Potter’s new contributions.
C.In praise of Potter’s spirit of selflessness.
D.In support of Potter’s book promotions.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,作者写本文的目的在于庆祝 Potter的150周年诞辰。
D
体裁:说明文 词数:286 用时:7分钟
(2017安徽合肥第一次教学质检)
Many young people these days adore the advertised magazine body and become too focused on attaining this image instead of worrying more about what lasts and even grows over time.But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years,and suddenly being ugly after moving to another continent? It is a sad reality that people don’t realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another.
Think of the most typical American girl you know.Is she blonde-haired with white skin and light blue eyes,and does she love shopping or sports? Now place this girl in the heart of Africa,where beauty is placed on what you can control.The Maasai tribe in Kenya focuses on how clean people are,and how stylish their piercings (穿孔) are.This tribe’s culture is to be a brave fighter,so they will cut their skin with patterns in it to show that they are strong.If you don’t look fierce,you are not beautiful.
Other countries like South Korea have their own unique views on beauty.In an interview,a woman claims that beauty in DPRK is based more on your ability to be a good woman and wife.She says that women in DPRK are less concerned about fashion and beauty in the physical sense.She says they did have a time when big eyes were a big deal and everyone wanted to get double eyelid surgery.This is something extreme and could perhaps be influenced by Western culture.But don’t you think the idea of getting surgery done to look more attractive is crazy?
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了不同群体的文化差异使得人们对美的观点不尽相同。
12.What does the underlined word “vacillating” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A.Inconsistent. B.Reasonable.
C.Unusual. D.Similar.
答案A
解析词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句“But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years,and suddenly being ugly after moving to another continent?”可知,许多年里,你都被认为是美丽的,在你搬到另一个大陆后突然会被认为是难看的。由此可知美会随着地点的不同发生变化,因此此处指人们没有意识到不同国家的人对美的观点是不一致的。inconsistent“不一致的”;reasonable“合理的”;unusual“不寻常的”;similar “相似的”。
13.The Maasai tribe in Kenya is mentioned to show that in their eyes .?
A.getting dirty is stylish
B.looking fierce is beautiful
C.strong people cut their skin
D.American girls love shopping
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第二段的“If you don’t look fierce,you are not beautiful.”可知,肯尼亚的Maasai部落认为看起来凶猛就是美丽的。
14.According to the woman interviewed,women in DPRK now .?
A.care a lot about their appearance
B.put the beauty of eyes in the first place
C.pay great attention to their ability
D.are crazy about double eyelid surgery
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的第二句可知,这里的女性现在更加关注她们成为好女人和好妻子的能力。
15.What does the text mainly tell us?
A.Inner beauty is of great importance.
B.Ideas of beauty vary among culture groups.
C.Different ways are needed to admire true beauty.
D.Fashion magazines easily influence young people.
答案B
解析主旨大意题。根据第一段的“It is a sad reality that people don’t realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another.”可知,不同国家的人对美的观点是不同的,即不同的文化群体对美的观点不尽相同。
第二节
体裁:说明文 词数:230 用时:7分钟
Culture shock refers to the anxiety and feelings (surprise,uncertainty,confusion,etc.) felt when people have to operate within a different and unknown cultural or social environment,such as a foreign country.
Generally speaking,we could say that there are four stages of culture shock.The first stage is called “the honeymoon”.In this stage,you are excited about living in a different place. 16 ?
The next stage is “the hostility (敌意) stage”.In this stage,you begin to notice not everything is as good as you originally thought it was. 17 Moreover,people don’t treat you like a guest anymore.?
Then you come to the third stage called “recovery”.In this stage,you start to feel more positive. 18 The whole situation starts to become more favorable and you begin to learn to adapt yourself to it.?
The last stage of culture shock is called “adjustment”.In this stage,you have reached a point where you actually feel good. 19 The things that originally made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand.Now you have adjusted to the new culture and you feel comfortable.?
Not all individuals visiting another country will experience all these four stages. 20 It also occurs within cultures as individuals move from place to place or from one setting to another (e.g.from high school to college).?
A.You begin to understand you need to travel a lot.
B.You’ve learned enough to understand the new culture.
C.You become tired of many things about the new culture.
D.Friends should help each other to deal with culture shock.
E.In addition,culture shock is not limited to overseas visitors.
F.And everything seems to be great and people seem to be nice to you.
G.And you try to develop comprehension of everything you didn’t understand.
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了“文化冲击”的定义和经历文化冲击的四个阶段。
16.F 根据上句“In this stage,you are excited about living in a different place.”可知,这一阶段你会对在不同地方生活感到兴奋;结合该段第二句“The first stage is called ‘the honeymoon’.”可以判断,空处陈述在文化冲击的“蜜月期”的感受,故F项符合文意。
17.C 根据上句“In this stage,you begin to notice not everything is as good as you originally thought it was.”可知,在这一阶段,你开始注意到并非一切如你想象的那样好;据此可以判断,空处陈述在第二阶段“敌意期”的感受,故C项符合文意。
18.G 根据空处下句“The whole situation starts to become more favorable and you begin to learn to adapt yourself to it.”可知,你会学习让自己适应新的环境;据此可以判断,空处表达“你尝试着理解你以前不理解的一切”,故G项正确。
19.B 根据空处下句“The things that originally made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand.”可知,你理解了原先感到不舒服或陌生的事物;据此可以判断,空处说明你已经足以理解新的文化,故B项正确。
20.E 根据文章最后一句“It also occurs within cultures as individuals move from place to place or from one setting to another (e.g.from high school to college).”可判断,空处陈述文化冲击发生的其他范围,故E项符合文意。
阅读理解专题突破练2
专题突破练第5页 ?
第一节
A
体裁:应用文 词数:216 用时:6分钟
(2017安徽合肥第二次教学质检)
Sales Representative—Immediate Hiring
Do you like meeting new people?Do you enjoy closing deals every day?Are you looking for a dynamic and high energy industry? THIS COULD BE THE CAREER(职业)FOR YOU!
Fast Growing and Very Successful Credit Card Processor is looking for a dynamic outside salesperson to sell credit products and check processing services in the local area.
What we need you to do:
?Attend 3-5 appointments daily
?Sell into small-sized to middle-sized businesses
?Work closely with the sales manager in Dallas TX(by phone)
?Have the ability to manage paperwork
We offer:
?Medical benefits eligibility(资格)after 90 days
?One of the strongest compensation programs in the industry
?Monthly bonuses
?A jump start bonus of up to $750
Successful applicants often have experience in customer services,inside sales,outside sales,sales support,management roles,or other customer-facing positions.
We are an equal opportunity employer.We do not discriminate on the basis of race,religion,color,sex,age,national origin or disability.
Please reply with a resume today!
There is a difference.Experience Great Work!We have been servicing North East Ohio for more than 20 years with offices located in Akron,Canton,Lakewood,Streetsboro and Wadsworth.Apply online and make a call to our Lakewood location to discuss our great career opportunity at 440-663-0050.
【解题导语】本文是一篇招聘广告。文章详细介绍了工作内容、工作待遇、应聘者所需条件等。
1.According to the text,the sales representative the company is looking for should .?
A.sell into big businesses
B.be able to manage paperwork
C.meet over 5 customers each day
D.see the sales manager in Dallas TX frequently
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据文中的“Have the ability to manage paperwork”可知,该职位需要销售代表有处理文书工作的能力,故B项正确。
2.If hired,you can .?
A.receive a monthly salary of $750
B.get a special customer-facing position
C.enjoy a strong compensation program
D.gain medical benefits eligibility within 90 days
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据文中的“One of the strongest compensation programs in the industry”可知,该职位可以享受业内非常强大的补偿金项目,故C项正确。根据文章内容可知,启动资金最高是750美元,而不是月薪750美元,故A项错误;根据文中的“Successful applicants often...customer-facing positions.”可知,B项错误;D项错在90天以内,与文中的“Medical benefits eligibility after 90 days”的表述不符。
3.Which of the following can help you apply successfully?
A.The experience in shopping.
B.The experience in management.
C.The experience of using a credit card.
D.The experience of talking with a sales manager.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据文中的“Successful applicants often have experience in customer services,inside sales,outside sales,sales support,management roles,or other customer-facing positions.”可知,该岗位需要管理经验,故B项正确。
B
体裁:记叙文 词数:315 用时:7分钟
(2017福建福州综合质量检测)
Aerial(空中的)performer Jennifer Bricker was born without legs,but she never let it stop her.
Wrapped in a loop(圈)of red silk hung from the ceiling,Jennifer Bricker climbs and twists to the music.Her head hangs down and her strong arms let go as she balances on her back,high above the ground — a move that is all the more daring because she has no legs.
Jennifer was a few months old when she was adopted by Sharon and Gerald Bricker.She had big brown eyes,a bright smile,and huge amounts of energy.When a doctor advised her adoptive parents to carry her around in a kind of bucket(桶),they refused.
Jennifer soon learned to walk — and run — on her hands and bottom,and grew up fearlessly climbing trees and bouncing on the trampoline(蹦床)with her three older brothers.“My parents didn’t treat me differently so I didn’t grasp the concept that I was different.I knew I didn’t have legs but that wasn’t stopping me from doing the things I wanted to do.”
At the age of three she was fitted with artificial legs,but she never really took to them — she moved more freely without them.
In 1996 the Olympic Games took place in Atlanta.Jennifer loved to watch the women’s gymnastics team,and especially adored the 14-year-old Dominique Moceanu who competed for the US.When Moceanu and the women’s team won the gold,Jennifer decided she was going to be a gymnast,too.She took up power tumbling,which involves performing floor exercises down a runway.But Jennifer did not want any allowances to be made for her disability.
At the age of 10 she took part in the Junior Olympics and by age 11 she was the tumbling champion for the state of Illinois.
Jennifer now travels the world as an inspirational speaker and acts as an aerial performer.
【解题导语】本文是一篇人物记叙文。Jennifer Bricker天生无腿,但在自己的努力下,她参加了青少年奥运会,并成为世界著名的励志演讲家和空中表演演员。
4.What do we know about Jennifer Bricker?
A.She felt embarrassed without legs.
B.She was brought up as a normal child.
C.She was carried in a bucket as a baby.
D.She lost her legs when she was adopted.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“My parents didn’t treat me differently so I didn’t grasp the concept that I was different.”可知,Jennifer的父母对待她和对待其他孩子没有什么不同,她也没有觉得她和其他孩子有什么差异;结合第三段的第三句“When a doctor advised her adoptive parents to carry her around in a kind of bucket,they refused.”可知,她的父母拒绝了医生的建议。据此可知,她是像正常的孩子那样被带大的,故B项正确。
5.Why did Jennifer determine to be a gymnast?
A.She knew that she was different from others.
B.She wanted to make allowances for her disability.
C.She was eager to participate in the Junior Olympics.
D.She was greatly influenced by Dominique Moceanu.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Jennifer loved to watch the women’s gymnastics team,and especially adored the 14-year-old Dominique Moceanu who competed for the US.When Moceanu and the women’s team won the gold,Jennifer decided she was going to be a gymnast,too.”可知,Jennifer喜欢看女子体操队的表演,尤其喜爱为美国而战的14岁运动员Dominique Moceanu;在Dominique Moceanu和女子体操队获得金牌后,她决定也从事体操事业,故D项正确。
6.Which of the following can best describe Jennifer Bricker?
A.Self-respecting. B.Cautious.
C.Sensitive. D.Clever.
答案A
解析推理判断题。通读全文可知,Jennifer Bricker在几个月大的时候被领养,虽然天生无腿,但是她仍和其他正常孩子一样成长。在观看了奥运会的体操表演后,她决定做一名体操运动员,并获得成功。据此可以判断,她是一个自强自爱的人,故A项正确。
7.What is the passage mainly about?
A.The sufferings of a gymnast.
B.The memory of an aerial performer.
C.The experiences of an adoptive family.
D.The growing process of a disabled person.
答案D
解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了Jennifer Bricker天生无腿但后来在自己的努力下参加了青少年奥运会,并成为世界著名的励志演讲家和空中表演演员的故事。据此可知,本文介绍了一位残疾人的成长之路,故D项正确。
C
体裁:说明文 词数:317 用时:7分钟
(2017山东烟台一模)
Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare in their community tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people,according to a study from Berlin,Germany.
“Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents’ health.This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species,” said Sonja Hilbrand,one of the researchers.
The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70.Overall,after accounting for grandparents’ age and general state of health,the risk of dying over a 20-year period was one-third lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren,compared with grandparents who provided no childcare.
Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasn’t a relative.Half of all childless seniors who provided support to friends or neighbors lived for seven years after the study began,while non-helpers lived for four years on average.
“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society.Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active,” said Professor Bruno Arpino.
Arpino noted,however,that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working,being in social clubs,or volunteering.“Children should take into account their parents’ needs,willingness,and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare,” he suggested.?
“It is very important that every individual decides for himself/herself,what proper amounts of help means,” Hilbrand said,adding,“As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity(强度)of help you provide,you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”
【解题导语】本文是说明文。文章通过研究发现,老人走出家门帮助看护社区中的小孩有助于延年益寿;文章同时指出,看护孩子不是延年益寿的唯一活动,老人看护小孩的工作强度要适当,要因人而异。
8.What is the caregiving study based on?
A.Human evolutionary history.
B.Demand modern society.
C.Social contact between relatives.
D.Data on many elderly people.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句 “The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70.”可知,老人看护小孩有助于延年益寿这一发现是基于对500多名70岁以上老人的研究得出的,故D项正确。
9.In Arpino’s opinion,childcare .?
A.is sure to keep old people away from illnesses
B.allows old people to live a more meaningful life
C.creates more job opportunities for old people
D.makes social activities inaccessible to old people
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第五段 “Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful...keeps caregivers physically and mentally active...”得知,Arpino教授认为,看护孩子可以保持老人身心活跃,使得老人感到自己对他人和社会有价值,也就是老人生活得更有意义,故选B项。
10.What does the underlined part “take into account” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?
A.Limit. B.Ignore.
C.Favor. D.Consider.
答案D
解析词义猜测题。从文章倒数第二段可知,看护小孩不是延年益寿的唯一活动,老人还应该参加其他有意义的活动;而且,还要考虑到孩子父母的需要和愿望,故选D项。
11.What does the last paragraph tell us?
A.Grandparents can do anything in their own interests.
B.Grandparents should share more social responsibilities.
C.Proper amounts of childcare do good to grandparents.
D.Caregiving guarantees every grandparent a longer life.
答案C
解析段落大意题。在文章最后一段,Hilbrand指出“老人帮助看小孩的合适工作量非常重要,只要不感到有压力,这样对别人和对老人本人都有好处”,故选C项。
D
体裁:说明文 词数:232 用时:7分钟
Fans of the movie Finding Nemo may remember the terrifying fish that scares Dory and Marlin at the bottom of a trench.
But in reality this “monster”,a black seadevil,is only about 9 cm long,which would make it about a third of the size of Dory and potentially smaller than Marlin or Nemo.
While this inaccuracy may seem harmless,it could cause problems for future conservation efforts,as people are more likely to support conservation of adorable rather than scary-looking animals.
The black seadevil is just one of the mysterious“monsters”.From 2000—2010,scientists described about 1,200 new species in the Census of Marine Life.While this figure may seem astonishing,a further 5,000 individual dead creatures are in specimen(标本)jars,waiting to be described.
Specimens must be methodically collected,identified,and then the identity of new deep-water species must be confirmed.
If we call unusual deep-sea animals monsters,then we may harm their conservation as people are unlikely to be connected with them or care about saving them.
On the other hand,their rarity clearly makes them popular on social media sites.For other species,this has already resulted in increases in illegal trading for unusual pets.Deep-sea species may potentially become illegally obtained specimens or food.Humans may end up eating these animals of the deep sea to extinction before their species are even known to science.
Every habitat on earth is interconnected,and whatever we as humans do has an influence on marine ecosystems.In reality,about 80% of our oxygen is produced by microorganisms(微生物)in the oceans.This makes our oceans both the lungs and lifeblood of our planet and we must all try harder to save them.
【解题导语】本文主要从电影里对深海物种的不准确认识,谈到了保护深海物种的重要性。
12.What can we know about the black seadevil in reality?
A.People benefit greatly from the oxygen produced by it.
B.Its body size is a big threat to fish like Dory and Nemo.
C.Its scary appearance will cause problems for conservation.
D.People didn’t know much about it when filming Finding Nemo.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“the terrifying fish that scares Dory and Marlin”并结合第二段的整体内容可知,拍摄这部电影时,人们对这种物种了解很少,故选D项。
13.What does the author think of the progress of describing new species?
A.Acceptable. B.Surprising.
C.Unsatisfying. D.Hopeless.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句“While this figure may seem astonishing,a further 5,000 individual dead creatures are in specimen jars,waiting to be described.”可推知,作者认为科学家对海洋新物种的研究不能令人满意,故选C项。
14.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 7 probably refer to?
A.Their popularity on social media sites.
B.Their rarity among sea creatures.
C.Their conservation being harmed.
D.Their importance being ignored.
答案A
解析词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“On the other hand,their rarity clearly makes them popular on social media sites.”可推知,此处的this指代上文稀有物种在社交媒体网站上受青睐的状况,故选A项。
15.What can we infer about those unusual sea animals?
A.They are the lungs and lifeblood of our planet.
B.Confirming their identity is very urgent for protection.
C.Most of them are becoming illegally obtained specimens.
D.Adorable ones are more likely to be posted on social media sites.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可推知,科学地认知稀有物种对于这些物种的保护来说很紧迫,故选B项。
第二节
体裁:说明文 词数:224 用时:7分钟
Why is volunteering important?
When it comes to service work,it is important to realize that the actual goal should be getting the most out of your voluntary work. 16 ?
Gaining new/social experiences
Volunteering allows students to get involved with new things and develop social and academic skills that couldn’t be learned in a classroom environment. 17 ?
Giving and helping others
Volunteers create better environments for others;they create healthier communities and they brighten lives.Jill,a senior student,has been a volunteer in her community for more than three years. 18 “They always tell me how great we sound and how they wish they had taken time to learn an instrument in their youth.”?
Creating connections with people
19 Not only does the voluntary work you do show who you are as a person,but it reflects many positive qualities that possibly employers and admission officers want to see.Volunteering allows you to meet a wide variety of people from all walks of life.?
20 ?
Volunteering isn’t one of the most attractive jobs,but it is one of the most beneficial and uplifting(令人振奋的).It’s taking some time out of your day and helping others.Voluntary work makes us feel good.It builds self-confidence and lifts up the spirits.
A.Building career choices
B.Developing a sense of achievement
C.Volunteering means a lot more.
D.Building relationships with people is very important.
E.Volunteering is an excellent way to improve your independence.
F.She volunteers by performing in concerts for senior citizens.
G.Volunteering allows you to experience different environments and situations.
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了做志愿工作的意义。
16.C 根据上文的“When it comes to service work,it is important to realize that the actual goal should be getting the most out of your voluntary work.”并结合文章的标题可推知,此处开始导入志愿工作的意义,起承上启下的作用,所以选C项。
17.G 根据本段标题“Gaining new/social experiences”可推知,志愿工作会让志愿者有不同的体验,所以选G项。
18.F 根据下文的“They always tell me how great we sound and how they wish they had taken time to learn an instrument in their youth.”可推知,志愿者Jill做的志愿工作应该是弹某种乐器,F项“她志愿在音乐会上给老年人演奏”最合文意。
19.D 根据本段的标题“Creating connections with people”可推知,志愿工作对增强人际关系是很重要的,所以选D项。
20.B 空处为本段小标题,根据下文的“Voluntary work makes us feel good.It builds self-confidence and lifts up the spirits.”可推知,志愿工作让人感觉良好,增强自信心,令人振奋,拥有成就感,所以选B项。
阅读理解专题突破练3
专题突破练第9页 ?
第一节
A
体裁:应用文 词数:285 用时:6分钟
(2017重庆西北狼教育联盟第一期联考)
/
EFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture.Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English.The courses are held in Guildford,a historic town near London.
Typical structure of a one-week course
?up to 25 hours of English run by native speakers,qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachers
?2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford(at weekends)
?full board(全食宿)with local,English-speaking families
When we run the courses
EFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms.For this academic year,courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June.We welcome you to book from 3 September to 25 October and from 31 October to 20 December.
Why choose EFP courses
?in addition to our standard English classes,we also run drama and expression English classes,taught by specialist drama teachers
?we expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the course
?we tailor courses to each group’s needs,creating a unique experience for our students.Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level.Please see further details on our website.
Length of a course
EFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.
How to apply
Please register your interest by sending an email.By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group on the dates that you require.
See you in Guildford soon!
【解题导语】本文是一篇广告类应用文,介绍了EFP课程的内容、对象、课时安排、授课时长、申请方法等信息。
1.What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?
A.Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.
B.Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.
C.They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.
D.They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据“Why choose EFP courses”下面的第二点可知EFP课程全程让学生接触英国文化,故C项正确。根据第一段的第二句可知,学员的英语水平须在预备中级及以上,而不是针对所有英语水平的人,故A项错误;根据“Why choose EFP courses”下面的“we tailor courses to each group’s needs”可知,B项错误;根据第一段的第三句“The courses are held in Guildford,a historic town near London.”可知,该课程的授课地点为伦敦近郊的历史古镇Guildford,故D项错误。
2.Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year,you can .?
A.make a reservation from October 31 to December 20
B.enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school term
C.experience English dramas with English-speaking families
D.hand in an application by visiting their website
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据“When we run the courses”下面的“We welcome you to book from 3 September to 25 October and from 31 October to 20 December.”可知,本学年的预订时间为9月3日到10月25日和10月31日到12月20日,故A项正确。
3.The purpose of this writing is to .?
A.attract qualified teachers to EFP courses
B.illustrate the importance of EFP courses
C.demonstrate the popularity of EFP courses
D.offer group students access to EFP courses
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第一段尤其是第一、二句“EFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture.Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English.”可知,本文旨在面向12到17岁的青少年学生推广EFP课程,故D项正确。
B
体裁:说明文 词数:295 用时:7分钟
(2018四川成都毕业班摸底测试)
The Scottish composer Evelyn Glennie lost nearly all her hearing as a young girl,yet went on to a very successful career in music including winning Grammy Awards.When somebody asks her,“How do you hear?”She responds,“How do you hear?Is it only with your ears?”For Glennie,and for us too,listening is not only hearing,but is understanding.We need to listen to what is said and unsaid,and also how it is said.
It’s important to hear what people say accurately.As Mark Twain said,“The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug(萤火虫).”If you miss something or you’re not sure you’ve heard accurately,ask the speakers.At this point you’re not evaluating what they say,but just looking for accuracy and understanding.Here are some ways to get clear about what they say and don’t say.Why are they saying this now,instead of sooner or later?Why are they emphasizing these points,instead of something else?
Listen to how it is said.People send signals about what they mean with their voices and body language that sometimes differ from the words they say.While going through the next points,think about someone whose real meaning you might sometimes miss,and see if any of these signals might come up.First,voices.When others speak,notice changes in their volume,pace,and tone.Second,body language.Notice gestures,eye contact,and facial expressions.Do these sync what they are saying,or do they tell a different story?Third,emotions.What is the person’s true feeling?Now you might not know for sure,but be considerate,open to understanding,and ask thoughtful questions.
【解题导语】本文讲述了聆听的内涵。我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言外之意,并且要注意说话的方式。
4.What’s the writer’s purpose of mentioning Evelyn Glennie?
A.To give an example of wise words.
B.To introduce a world-famous musician.
C.To help explain the meaning of listening.
D.To encourage us to fight against disability.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For Glennie,and for us too,listening is not only hearing,but is understanding.”可知,对于Glennie以及“我们”来说,聆听不仅是用耳朵听而且是理解,这里说明了聆听的内涵。所以选项C正确。
5.What can we learn from what Mark Twain said?
A.It is important to have a good knowledge of English words.
B.People should know words can be used in many different ways.
C.English is a very complicated language with a large vocabulary.
D.The slight difference between words may result in misunderstanding.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It’s important to hear what people say accurately”和“At this point you’re not evaluating what they say,but just looking for accuracy and understanding.”可知,准确听懂说话者的意思很重要。因此,选项D“词语的细微差异可能导致误解”与Mark Twain所说的话意思相吻合。
6.What does the underlined word “sync” probably mean?
A.Match. B.Prove.
C.Describe. D.Analyze.
答案A
解析词义猜测题。画线词前的修饰词these指代前一句中的“gestures,eye contact,and facial expressions”;再根据画线词后的“what they are saying,or do they tell a different story”可推断,match与画线词意思相近。故选A项。
7.Which is the best title of this passage?
A.Speak While You Listen B.Listen Beyond Words
C.Read Between Lines D.Think As You Talk
答案B
解析主旨大意题。本文主要说明通过观察说话人的说话方式来听懂说话人想表达的言外之意。所以选B项。
C
体裁:说明文 词数:321 用时:7分钟
Persuasion is the art of convincing someone to agree with you.According to the ancient Greeks,there are three basic tools of persuasion:ethos,pathos,and logos.
Ethos is a speaker’s way of convincing the audience that she is trustworthy,honest and reliable.One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field.After all,you’re more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.A speaker can also create ethos by convincing the audience that she is a good person.If an audience cannot trust you,you will not be able to persuade them.
Pathos is a speaker’s way of connecting himself with an audience’s emotions.For example,a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war.These words are intended to fill the audience with fear,thus making them support him.Similarly,an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats,to make the viewers feel pity.If the audience feels bad about the animals,they will be more likely to donate money.
Logos is the use of facts,statistics,or other evidence to support your argument.An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims.Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”.
Although ethos,pathos,and logos all have their strengths,they are often most effective when used together.Indeed,most speakers use a combination of ethos,pathos,and logos to persuade their audiences.So,next time you listen to a speech,watch a commercial,or listen to a friend trying to convince you to lend him some money,be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.
【解题导语】本文介绍了古希腊人提出的说服别人的三个基本工具:个人气质、感染力和理性。在演讲或试图说服别人时,综合使用这三个工具,你将快速提高说服别人的能力。
8.Why does the author say persuasion is an art?
A.It entertains the audience.
B.It requires great skill to achieve.
C.It demands full attention from the audience.
D.It is all common topics of ancient Greek writers.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段及最后一段的第二句可知,说服别人一般要使用个人气质、感染力和理性这三个工具,三者结合起来使用可以产生更好的效果;据此可知,说服别人需要很高的技巧,因此是一门艺术。
9.How is a speaker able to show her ethos to the audience?
A.By expressing her sympathy with the audience.
B.By telling the audience about her personal preference.
C.By using beautiful language to make her statements attractive.
D.By showing her knowledge and experience relating to the topic.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field.”可知,讲话人向听众展现个人气质的常见方法是展示自己在这一话题上的知识和经验,故D项正确。
10.What can we learn about the three methods of persuasion?
A.Ethos is the most important method of persuasion.
B.Each method has a different effect on the audience.
C.Honesty is the key to making your arguments believable.
D.Political leaders mostly use pathos to persuade their audiences.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Although ethos,pathos,and logos all have their strengths...to persuade their audiences.”可知,尽管个人气质、感染力和理性各有优势,但是只有综合使用时才能发挥最大的作用,故B项正确。
11.An advertisement for washing powder which claims that “scientific tests show that our powder kills 95% of all bacteria” is mainly using .?
A.ethos B.pathos
C.logos D.a combination of all three
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Logos is the use of facts,statistics,or other evidence to support your argument.”可知,理性是使用事实、数据或其他证据来支持你的观点;题干中的广告声称科学实验表明该洗衣粉可以杀死95%的细菌。据此可知,该广告使用了理性的论证方法,故C项正确。
D
体裁:说明文 词数:320 用时:8分钟
(2017四川绵阳第二次诊断性考试)
He had more than 160 reports as a reporter on the Metro desk and more than 170 in 19 months as a national journalist based in Kansas City,Mo.But perhaps the most important piece of writing that A.G.Sulzberger did for The New York Times before Wednesday — when he was named deputy publisher — was not an article and was not published in The Times,but was all about The Times.
That work came to be known as the “innovation(创新) report”,which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future for the newspaper his family has owned since 1896 and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes.
In a conversation in his office on Wednesday,Mr.Sulzberger said he saw the innovation report and the thinking that led to his conclusions as “a wake-up call to the newsroom that we were at risk of missing the moment”.
“It was always easy to see how changes will endanger the traditions of the place,” he said,“but what became really clear to me was not changing was the more dangerous course if we cared about the traditions of the place.”
Unlike some of the former deputy publishers in his role,Mr.Sulzberger has been more experienced in the newsroom than in advertising or consumer marketing.Still,his colleagues described him as a quick study whose modesty masked deep inner confidence.Besides,in the newsroom or out on an assignment,Mr.Sulzberger did not show off his connection to The Times’ owners.“I recognized the name,”said Vincent Bova,a video editor who figured in a feature article that Mr.Sulzberger wrote in 2010.“I mean,I knew I was dealing with royalty.There was no reason for me to bring that up with him,and he didn’t.”So Mr.Sulzberger,in some way,has qualified himself for the position since long time ago.
【解题导语】本篇文章属于人物介绍类,介绍了著名出版人A.G. Sulzberger对《纽约时报》的重要贡献,还介绍了他提出的“创新报道”理论以及他人对他的评价。
12.A.G.Sulzberger wrote the “innovation report” mainly to .?
A.urge revolutions in The Times
B.gain the position of deputy publisher
C.promote changes in New York City
D.show directions to his family future
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知,“创新报道”关注报纸数字化未来的重要性,《纽约时报》如果不改革,则将面临危机。据此可以判断,A.G. Sulzberger提及“创新报道”的目的是敦促《纽约时报》进行变革,故A项正确。
13.What is the biggest threat to traditional media according to Mr.Sulzberger?
A.Scientific developments. B.Rapid social changes.
C.Their own stubbornness. D.Decreasing readers.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes”和文章中提到的“innovation report”可知,A.G. Sulzberger认为《纽约时报》如果不做出变革,则将面临危机;据此可以判断,A.G. Sulzberger认为传统媒体面临的最大问题是它们固执己见,不思变革,故C项正确。
14.How does the author show us what Mr.Sulzberger is like in the last paragraph?
A.By comparing him with others.
B.By interviewing him in person.
C.By giving examples of his routines.
D.By quoting comments from others.
答案D
解析写作方法题。通读最后一段可知,该段第二句介绍了同事对A.G. Sulzberger的评价,第四句和第五句介绍了视频编辑Vincent Bova对他的评价;据此可以判断,最后一段是通过别人的评价来描述A.G. Sulzberger的,故D项正确。
15.What does the author think of Mr.Sulzberger according to the passage?
A.Casual. B.Objective.
C.Admirable. D.Critical.
答案C
解析观点态度题。通读全文可知,A.G. Sulzberger提出“创新报道”理论并前瞻性地认识到数字化时代对传统媒体的影响,意识到传统媒体变革的重要意义;据此可以判断,作者对A.G. Sulzberger的态度是钦佩的,故C项正确。
第二节
体裁:说明文 词数:277 用时:7分钟
Everyone makes mistakes. 16 .Making a mistake at work,however,can be more serious.It may cause problems for your employer and even affect the company’s bottom line.Evil consequences will finally come down to you.Simply correcting your mistake and moving on may not be an option.When you make a mistake at work your career may depend on what you do next.?
Admit your mistake.
Tell your boss about your mistake immediately.The only exception is that you make an insignificant error that will not affect anyone.Otherwise,don’t try to hide your mistake. 17 .?
Present your boss with a plan to fix your mistake.
When you go to your boss to admit your mistake,you must have a plan for correcting it.Present your plan clearly.Tell your boss how long it will take to carry out your plan and if there are any costs involved.
Don’t blame anyone else for your mistake.
18 .Encourage those who may share responsibility to follow your lead in admitting to your boss.?
19 .?
There’s a big difference between admitting your mistake and beating yourself up about it.Take responsibility but don’t blame yourself for making it,especially in public.
Correct your mistake on your own time.
If you have to spend extra hours at work to correct your mistake,don’t expect to be paid for that time. 20 .?
A.Apologize for your mistake but don’t beat yourself up
B.Usually you can correct your error or just forget about it and move on
C.You can use your lunch hour or come into work early
D.Pointing fingers won’t help you if you make a mistake
E.Strengthen your friendship with your boss
F.You’ll feel ashamed if your colleague takes the responsibility for you
G.You will look terrible if someone else discovers it
答案与解析
【解题导语】每个人都会犯错误,但是在工作中犯错常常会导致严重后果。如何改正工作中所犯的错误呢?本文给出了五点建议。
16.B 根据空处前句“每个人都会犯错误”并结合下文的“Simply correcting your mistake and moving on may not be an option.”可知,空处与下文对应,故此处应选B项表示“你通常会改正错误,或者干脆忘记它继续前行”。
17.G 由空前一句可知,不要试图掩盖错误。据此可以判断选G项,陈述掩盖错误的后果。
18.D 根据该段标题“Don’t blame anyone else for your mistake.”可知,不要为你的错误指责他人。据此可知,该段主要阐述“不要推卸责任”这一建议,故选D项。
19.A 根据空处位置可知,空处为该段标题,即该段的主旨;根据该段的第一句“There’s a big difference between admitting your mistake and beating yourself up about it.”可知,该段主要阐述“为自己的错误道歉但是不要太责怪自己”,故选A项。
20.C 根据该段标题“Correct your mistake on your own time”可知,该段主要阐述“用自己的时间去改正错误”这一建议;C项中的“your lunch hour or come into work early”与“your own time”对应,故C项正确。
阅读理解专题突破练4
专题突破练第13页 ?
第一节
A
体裁:应用文 词数:301 用时:6分钟
(2017河北石家庄教学质量检测一)
Uber
Uber is available in over 70 cities throughout 40 countries worldwide.You can either choose a typical Uber unmarked car or a regular taxi.The app can show you where drivers are,so you know how long you’ll be waiting.You can also get fare quotes(报价)in advance.Your payment source is linked to the app and is automatically charged,so no physical money is ever needed.
Lyft
Lyft is a service that is also available in many large cities in the US.However,it offers something different,one of which is Lyft Line.With this service,you can find people that take the same route on a daily basis as you and split the fare with them.Lyft’s regular service lets you easily see where rides are,catch one,and easily pay right within the app.
Easy Taxi
Easy Taxi is available in 86 cities across 26 countries and lets you quickly browse through maps and find locations you’d like to be picked up at.From there,just make sure there are taxis in your area.Confirm your ride and then pay for it within the Easy Taxi app.Once you book a ride,you should see the taxi’s plate number and phone number appear on the map,making it easy for you to pick out both the car and the driver.
Curb
Curb,formerly Taxi Magic,is currently available in around 60 cities across the United States as well as select cities in the United Kingdom,Canada,and Mexico.It ties in with taxi companies and their drivers.As your taxi makes its way to your location,you’ll be able to track its progress inside the app.You can link a payment account to Curb to pay your fare through the app.You can also pay in cash.
【解题导语】本文介绍了四种不同的打车软件。
1.Which app is available in the most countries?
A.Uber. B.Lyft.
C.Easy Taxi. D.Curb.
答案A
解析细节理解题。通读全文可知,文章每一段的第一句都介绍了不同软件的使用范围,Uber可以在40个国家使用,Lyft可以在美国的很多大城市使用,Easy Taxi可以在26个国家使用,Curb可以在美国、英国、墨西哥、加拿大使用。据此可知,可使用Uber 软件的国家最多,故A项正确。
2.What’s the special service of Lyft?
A.You can pay the fare in cash.
B.You can see where your ride is.
C.You can get fare quotes in advance.
D.You can find someone to share the fare.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第二段的“With this service,you can find people that take the same route on a daily basis as you and split the fare with them.”可知,使用Lyft软件的特别之处是你可以找到与你同路的人分担路费,故D项正确。
3.What do the four apps have in common?
A.They are available worldwide.
B.They are tied to taxi companies.
C.They allow users to pay via app.
D.They can identify your location.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知,可以使用Uber软件支付;根据第二段最后一句可知,可以使用Lyft软件支付;根据第三段第三句可知,可以使用Easy Taxi软件支付;根据第四段最后两句可知,可以使用Curb软件支付,也可以用现金支付。据此可以判断,四个软件的相同之处是都可以用软件支付费用。
B
体裁:记叙文 词数:347 用时:7分钟
(2018安徽示范高中联考)
“BANG!”the door caused a reverberation(回声).It was just standing there,with Father standing on one side,and me on the other side.
We were both in great anger.“Never set foot in this house again!”Father stormed.With tears welling up in my eyes,I rushed out and ran along the street.I wandered aimlessly.
A young father who held a child in his arms walked past me.I felt as if I had seen my childhood from another space:happy and carefree.
But now...I don’t know whether it is because I have grown up or because Father is getting old.We differ in our ways of thinking.It feels like there was an iron door between us.?
My heart was frozen on this hot summer night.As I walked on,there were fewer and fewer people on the streets,until I had only the street lights to keep me company.When I finally reached the high-rise apartment block in which I lived,I saw that the light was still on.
I thought to myself:“Is Father waiting for me,or is he still angry with me?”
In fact,it was nothing.Perhaps,Father was throwing away some of his old stamps.Perhaps he thought they were useless.I never had the courage to tell him that I liked collecting stamps.
All the lights were off except Father’s.
Father was always like this.Maybe he didn’t know how to express himself.After shouting at me,he never showed any mercy or any moments of regret.
This was how he always was.He has been a leader for so long that telling everyone else what to do has become his second nature.
The light was still on.With the key in my hand,I was as nervous as I had never been.At last,I decided to open the door.As I opened the door,tears ran down my cheeks.I realized that the iron door that I had imagined between us did not exist at all.Love—it’s second to none.
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了“我”和父亲发生争执,父亲对“我”发脾气说不让“我”再踏进家门。夜晚“我”在大街上徘徊,当“我”走到家楼下时,看到家里的灯始终亮着,“我”终于鼓起勇气,打开了家门。
4.Which of the following can replace the underlined part in Paragraph 2?
A.shouted in relief B.burst into anger
C.burst out crying D.fell into sadness
答案B
解析词义猜测题。根据第二段第一、二句可知,“我”们都很愤怒,父亲对“我”怒吼道:“你再也不要踏进这所房子。”据此可以判断,画线词意为“怒吼”,故B项正确。
5.What does the “iron door between us” actually refer to?
A.Their misunderstandings. B.Their different characters.
C.Their ways of thinking. D.The father’s rudeness.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据第四段可知,“我”不知道是因为“我”长大了,还是因为父亲老了;“我”们的思维方式不同,“我”们之间好像有一扇铁门。结合文章倒数第二句可知,“我”意识到,“我”想象中的那扇铁门根本就不存在。据此可以判断,文中提及的“铁门”是指“我”和父亲之间的误会,故A项正确。
6.In the author’s eyes,which of the following can be used to describe his father?
A.Inconsiderate. B.Indifferent.
C.Stubborn. D.Uninterested.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“He has been a leader for so long that telling everyone else what to do has become his second nature.”可知,在“我”看来,长期以来,父亲一直是一个领导者,告诉别人该做什么已经成为他的天性;结合第二段所描述的父亲不让“我”再踏进家门以及倒数第三段的第三句可以判断,在“我”看来,父亲是个固执的人,故C项正确。
7.What actually contributed to the opening of the door in the end?
A.The son’s giving in to his father.
B.The regret undertaken by the son.
C.The affection between the father and the son.
D.The light that was on until late in the night.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“The light was still on.”可知,夜深了,父亲仍然开着灯;结合文章最后一句“Love—it’s second to none.”可以判断,是父子之间的爱最后促使“我”打开了门,故C项正确。
C
体裁:说明文 词数:362 用时:8分钟
(2017福建普通高中毕业班质检)
The English have a difficult and,generally speaking,dysfunctional (不协调的) relationship with clothes.Their main problem is that they have a desperate need for rules,and are unable to get along without them.This helps to explain why they have an international reputation for dressing in general very badly,but with specific areas of excellence,such as high-class men’s suits,ceremonial costumes,and innovative(革新的)street fashion. In other words,we English dress best when we are “in uniform”.
You may be surprised that I am including “innovative street fashion” in the category of the uniform.Surely the parrot-haired punks(朋克摇滚乐迷)or the Victorian vampire goths are being original,not following rules?It’s true that they all look different and eccentric(古怪的)but in fact they all look eccentric exactly in the same way.They are wearing a uniform.The only truly eccentric dresser in this country is the Queen,who pays no attention to fashion and continues to wear what she likes,a kind of 1950s fashion,with no regard for anyone else’s opinion.However,it is true that the styles invented by young English people are much more eccentric than any other nation’s street fashion.We may not be individually eccentric,apart from the Queen,but we have a sort of collective eccentricity,and we appreciate originality in dress even if we do not individually have it.
Another “rule” of behavior I had discovered was that it is very important for the English not to take themselves too seriously,to be able to laugh at themselves.However,it is well known that most teenagers tend to take themselves a bit too seriously.
The goths,in their scary black costumes,certainly look as if they are taking themselves seriously.But when I got into conversation with them,I discovered that they too had a sense of humor.I was once chatting to a goth in the full vampire costume — with a white face,deep purple lipstick,and black parrot-hair.I saw he was also wearing a T-shirt with “Goth”.“Why are you wearing that?”I asked.“In case you don’t realize I’m a goth,”he answered,pretending to be serious.We both burst out laughing.
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了英国人是如何着装的。
8.What can we know about the English people?
A.They need rules to dress well.
B.They are in need of uniforms.
C.They are creative in general.
D.They lead the world trend.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“Their main problem is that they have a desperate need for rules,and are unable to get along without them.”可知,英国人需要了解如何穿得优雅和得体,他们迫切需要这方面的规则,故选A项。
9.Who is individually eccentric in dressing?
A.A high-class man. B.A parrot-haired punk.
C.The Queen. D.The fashion innovator.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The only truly eccentric dresser in this country is the Queen,who pays no attention to fashion and continues to wear what she likes,a kind of 1950s fashion,with no regard for anyone else’s opinion.”可知,女王穿着古怪,故选C项。
10.Which of the following can best describe the goths?
A.They dress badly.
B.They dress in an amusing way.
C.They are unable to laugh at the way they dress.
D.They are less fashionable than the other English people.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It’s true that they all look different and eccentric”和最后一段的内容可推知,那些哥特摇滚乐爱好者的穿着很好笑,故选B项。
11.What may be the best title for the text?
A.How the English Dress
B.How the English Admire Fashion
C.Why the English Like Uniforms
D.Why the English Are Eccentric in Dress
答案A
解析主旨大意题。根据第一段的第一句“The English have a difficult and,generally speaking,dysfunctional relationship with clothes.”和全文的整体内容可推知,本文主要讲的是英国人是如何着装的,故选A项。
D
体裁:记叙文 词数:459 用时:8分钟
I always believed that my parents had a good marriage,but just before I,the youngest of four children,turned sixteen,my belief was painfully tested.My father,who used to share in the chores around the house,gradually started becoming downhearted.From the time he came home from his job to the time he went to bed,he hardly spoke a word to my mom or us kids.The strain on my mom and dad’s relationship was very evident.However,I was not prepared for the day that Mom told us that Dad had decided to leave.All that I could think of was that I was going to become a product of a divorced family.It was something I never thought possible,and it grieved me greatly.I kept telling myself that it wasn’t going to happen,and I went totally numb when I knew my dad was really leaving.The night before he left,I stayed up in my room for a long time.I prayed and I cried and I wrote a long letter to my dad.I told him how much I loved him and how much I would miss him.I told him that I was praying for him and wanted him to know that,no matter what,I loved him.I told him that I would always and forever be his Krissie...his noodles.As I folded my note,I stuck in a picture of me with a saying I had always heard:“Anyone can be a father,but it takes someone special to be a daddy.”
Early the next morning,as my dad left our house,I sneaked out to the car and slipped my letter into one of his bags.
Two weeks went by with hardly a word from my father.Then,one afternoon,I came home from school to find my mom sitting at the dining room table waiting to talk to me.I could see in her eyes that she had been crying.She told me that Dad had been there and that they had talked for a long time.They decided that there were things that both of them could and would change and that their marriage was worth saving.Mom then turned her focus to my eyes.
“Krissie,Dad told me that you wrote him a letter.Can I ask what you wrote to him?”
I found it hard to share with my mom what I had written from my heart to my dad.I mumbled a few words and shrugged.
A few days later my dad was back.We never talked about the letter,my dad and I.I guess I always figured that it was something that was a secret between us.
【解题导语】本文讲述的是在父亲要和母亲离婚时,作者给父亲写了一封信,这封信挽救了父母的婚姻。后来父亲又回到了家人的身边。
12.What happened to the author’s parents when she was sixteen?
A.They left her alone.
B.They were getting divorced.
C.They shared in the chores together.
D.They had a good marriage.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“but just before I...tested”和“The strain on my mom and dad’s relationship was very evident.However,I was not prepared for the day that Mom told us that Dad had decided to leave...of a divorced family.”可知,作者在16岁时父母之间的关系很紧张,父亲要和母亲离婚,决定离开他们。
13.What is the meaning of the underlined word “grieved” in Para.1?
A.made sb. angry B.made sb. delighted
C.made sb. sad D.made sb. greedy
答案C
解析词义猜测题。结合全文内容尤其是画线词前的“It was something I never thought possible”可知,作者并不希望父亲离开他们,所以当时她非常伤心。
14.What can we learn from the passage?
A.The author handed the letter directly to her father.
B.The author’s father wrote back to her when he finished reading the letter.
C.The author’s letter made a difference to her father.
D.The author shared what she wrote with her mother.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“She told me that...was worth saving.”和第四段中的“Krissie,Dad told me that you wrote him a letter.”以及最后一段中的“A few days later my dad was back.”可知,作者给父亲写的信对父亲起了作用。
15.What might be the best title for the passage?
A.A Promise Kept B.A Letter of Apology
C.A Broken Family D.A Great Daddy
答案A
解析主旨大意题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段的“it was something that was a secret between us”可推知,作者和父亲在那封信中可能做了约定,因此选A项。
第二节
体裁:说明文 词数:267 用时:7分钟
How to Make Sure You Enjoy Your Trip
A trip is a planned destination where one arranges in advance in which the main purpose is to search for adventure and to create a memorable moment.Here are the steps on how to make sure your trip is enjoyable.
?Plan it well.Trips are ideally planned for them to go well. 16 A check list is helpful,making sure you’ve got all your needs.?
?Pack necessities.Bring what you need.Trips are short journeys and belong to the sub-level of traveling.Pack only the things you need. 17 ?
?Be safe.To be cautious is smart.No matter what you are up to,surfing,cliff diving,snowboarding,scuba diving...,it is always recommended to be safe. 18 Don’t be stubborn and put yourself in harm when there are precautions.?
? 19 You may see delays,a different culture,lifestyle,food,and even a shortage of cash sometimes — these are all what travel is about — experiencing things with a new perspective.Once you expect to experience new things,you’ll be a happy traveler and free from stress.?
?Save the memory. 20 This is not one of those regular days so you ought to save the moment.It will make your trip more enjoyable after all that craziness;you get something to review the good times.?
A.Travel with an open mind.
B.Get prepared for everything new.
C.This is all we expect from a trip.
D.Seize the moment by taking pictures.
E.It is important to wear protective equipment when advisable.
F.It is easy to get tired if you have too many things in your package.
G.Take your time,a day or a week ahead to make a plan for your trip.
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了五条让旅行更愉快的建议,包括精心计划、打包必备物品、注意旅行安全、敞开心扉旅行、保存美好记忆。
16.G 根据本段第一句“Plan it well.”可知,本段主要介绍第一条建议——精心计划;G项中的关键词“make a plan for your trip”介绍为旅行制订计划,故选G项。
17.F 根据空前一句“Pack only the things you need.”可知,仅带上必要的东西;据此可以判断,空处介绍带上不必要的东西的麻烦,故选F项。
18.E 根据空前一句中的“it is always recommended to be safe”可知,不管参加何种活动,安全第一;据此可以判断,空处介绍穿戴安全设备的重要性,故E项正确。
19.A 根据空处所在的位置可知,空处为本段主题句;根据本段最后一句“Once you expect to experience new things,you’ll be a happy traveler and free from stress.”可知,当你期望体验新事物的时候,你将成为远离压力的快乐旅行者;据此可以判断,本段主要建议“敞开心扉旅行”,故A项正确。
20.D 根据本段第一句“Save the memory.”可知,本段主要介绍第五条建议——保存美好记忆;据此可知,D项“用拍照留住记忆”与此处匹配。
阅读理解专题突破练5
专题突破练第17页 ?
第一节
A
体裁:记叙文 词数:315 用时:6分钟
I remember the first time I got on a horse.When I was a little boy aged two,my mom agreed to let me take a short ride and that was it!From then on, I drove my parents crazy begging for a horse.
When I was four,I had mutism,in which children stop speaking in certain social situations.I went days,weeks,months without a sound at school.At most,I might quietly whisper to a friend.I suffered silently through school until I was ten when a psychologist had an idea.He asked me what I wanted more than anything else in the world.He explained I was going to be given an opportunity to work for that.And I was permitted to whisper the answer in my mother’s ear,“A horse.”
I was to get a pony,but I had to live up to my end of the bargain.I had a chart of weekly tasks I had to accomplish.I had to answer the phone five times per week,something I had never done before.I had to say one word to my teacher at school and the list went on.For a child with mutism,saying one word to someone can be like climbing the high mountains.I did everything that was asked of me and the day came.His name was Sequoia,whom I fell in love with immediately.When I was in Sequoia’s presence,I forgot all about my problems and felt strong and secure.
I am a fully participating member of society these days.My horse and I made it through a master’s degree.I may have made it otherwise,but I’m not sure.I feel I owe my life to the horse and I try to give it back to him every day.He has given me the best gift I could ever imagine,my life.
【解题导语】作者从小爱马,四岁时患有缄默症,在心理医生的帮助下,接受了艰苦的训练;当和马在一起时,他感到非常放松。如今,他已经能够融入社会。
1.What was the situation like when the author was four?
A.He didn’t say a word at all.
B.He learned how to ride a horse.
C.He found his classmates unfriendly.
D.He had difficulty in communicating.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“When I was four,I had mutism,in which children stop speaking in certain social situations”可知,“我”在四岁时患上了缄默症,在沟通上有困难,故D项正确。
2.What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 3?
A.He completed some tasks easily.
B.He pushed himself extremely hard.
C.He fell in love with Sequoia gradually.
D.He found the psychologist’s idea ineffective.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据第三段的第五句可知,对于一个患有缄默症的孩子来说,跟别人说一句话像爬高山一样难;据此可以判断,“我”在努力接受训练,故B项正确。
3.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A.To share his unfortunate childhood.
B.To give tips on how to cure mutism.
C.To show his deep gratefulness to his horse.
D.To inspire kids struggling against mutism.
答案C
解析推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文的主题句是本文最后两句“I feel I owe my life to the horse and I try to give it back to him every day. He has given me the best gift I could ever imagine, my life.”据此可知,本文旨在表达对马的深深的感激,故C项正确。
B
体裁:说明文 词数:350 用时:8分钟
(2017广东七校联合体第二次联考)
Love to sink into your chairs and relax when you get to school?Then you will not be happy to hear that schools all over the world are seriously considering exchanging traditional desks for ones with no seats at all — yes,that means you will be encouraged to stand through those already too long math and science lessons!Why would anyone even think of putting kids to such cruelty?Experts say it improves their health and helps fight obesity.While that may seem a little far-fetched (牵强的) ,the officials at the few schools around the world seem to agree.
Among them are educators from the College Station Independent School District in Texas,who recently completed a week-long experiment involving 480 students across three elementary schools.The 374 kids that agreed to participate in the study were provided with a device that helped record the step count and calorie consumption over the entire period.
All 25 teachers involved in the study reported that students appeared to be more alert and concentrate better,when allowed to stand.The one thing that did surprise the researchers was that younger kids were more willing to stay standing than kids in higher grades.They believe this may have something to do with the fact that after years of being asked to “sit still”,older kids have a harder time adjusting to this unexpected freedom.
American schools are not the only ones reporting success with stand-up desks.Four Catholic schools in Perth,Australia, which have been testing them since October 2013,have seen similar results.In May 2014,Grove House Primary School in Bradford,West Yorkshire,became Europe’s first test one,with a seven-week trial that involved the use of desks made by Ergotron in their fifth-grade classrooms.While official results are not out yet,early reactions from both teachers and students have been extremely encouraging.
The findings of these studies and others done previously all seem to mean that allowing kids to move around in classrooms is a win-win for students and teachers—it helps kids get healthier and provides educators with a more engaged audience.
【解题导语】研究表明,让学生站着上课对老师和学生来说是双赢的。
4.The students may be unhappy because .?
A.they have to exchange desks with each other
B.the officials show no sympathy to them at all
C.there are no seats for them to sit in class
D.they have to exchange traditional desks for ones with no seats
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知,学生可能感到不高兴的原因是教室没有座位坐,他们要站着上课。故选C项。
5.Older students may not like stand-up desks because .?
A.they are cleverer than younger students
B.they are easily tired of standing long
C.they have formed the habit of sitting
D.they do badly in class while standing
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“They believe this may have something to do with the fact that after years of being asked to ‘sit still’,older kids have a harder time adjusting to this unexpected freedom.”可知,年龄大的孩子们由于多年坐着的习惯,所以可能不喜欢站着上课。故选C项。
6.What is most likely to be the result of the seven-week trial?
A.The standing desks can’t be used at all.
B.It is good for students to use stand-up desks.
C.More tests should be done in other schools.
D.The students are different in personality.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据第四段的“early reactions from both teachers and students have been extremely encouraging”和第五段的内容可知,这些研究和之前的研究发现,让学生在教室走动对老师和学生来说是双赢的。据此可以判断,站着上课对学生有好处,故B项正确。
7.Why do the teachers like the standing desks?
A.Because the educators can draw the students’ attention.
B.Because the teachers can keep the students healthy.
C.Because the students can have a walk in the classroom.
D.Because the standing desks can keep the students concentrated.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第三段的“All 25 teachers involved in the study reported that students appeared to be more alert and concentrate better,when allowed to stand.”可知,老师们喜欢这种桌子是因为那样的话学生们上课更专心,注意力更集中,故选D项。
C
体裁:说明文 词数:253 用时:7分钟
It’s cold and dark outside,and your bed is so warm and comfortable.Going for a run seems like such a bad idea.But before you hide your running shoes,it might be worth giving that crazy idea a go.
According to a survey,an outdoor run in winter,as opposed to one on a treadmill(跑步机),burns more calories because the body is working hard to regulate (调节) its core temperature.Furthermore,research shows that race times are faster in cold weather than in warmer temperatures—and quicker runs burn more calories. Similarly, cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body,making that vital muscle even stronger.
Outdoor exercise also turns up your energy and rids you of the stress and depression that build up every day.The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster,but cold weather is refreshing.It adjusts you to your surroundings,making you feel alive.
Of course,the threat of smog in some built-up areas is a further hurdle to winter exercise.Heart attacks,strokes,lung cancer and asthma are all dangers of running in smog.The combination of air pollution and exercise increases the potential problems.If you do choose to run outside on smoggy days,take a path in a park or residential area to avoid car exhaust(废气),and go early in the morning,before rush hour.But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.
【解题导语】本文介绍了冬季户外跑步的意义和方法。冬季户外跑步能燃烧更多的热量,让肌肉更强健,心脏更健康,但是应当避免在雾霾时进行户外活动。
8.How does cold weather benefit runners,compared with warm weather?
A.They can run more slowly.
B.They can take in more calories.
C.Their hearts can fun_ction harder.
D.Their body temperature can get lower.
答案C
解析细节理解题。由题干关键词“benefit”和“compared with warm weather”可将答案定位至第二段的最后一句“Similarly...makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body,making that vital muscle even stronger.”由此可知,与温暖的天气相比,在寒冷的天气里户外跑步能使心脏更健康,故C项正确。
9.How does summer affect runners?
A.It builds up their energy quickly.
B.It makes runners tired easily.
C.It lessens runners’ stress.
D.It causes heart attacks.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster”可知,夏季的炎热和湿气容易让跑步的人很快就感到疲劳,故B项正确。
10.What are the runners supposed to do on smoggy days?
A.Stop driving cars. B.Do more exercise.
C.Avoid outdoor exercise. D.Run late in the morning.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.”可知,如果有雾霾,最好待在室内,等到天气晴朗时再去跑步,故C项正确。
11.What can be the best title of the text?
A.Refresh with a Winter Run
B.Take Outdoor Exercise in Summer
C.Go to Run in a Park
D.Follow the Tips to Reduce Stress
答案A
解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了冬季早晨户外跑步的意义和方法。冬季跑步能燃烧更多的热量,让肌肉更强健,心脏更健康,但是应当避免在雾霾天气进行户外活动。据此可以判断,A项最能概括文意,故A项正确。
D
体裁:议论文 词数:315 用时:7分钟
(2017重庆西北狼教育联盟第一期联考)
Many people delight in gossiping,and the more they know about someone else,the more powerful they feel—at someone else’s expense.While at the end of the day no good will come of it and someone is bound to get hurt,try telling that to someone who’s excited to relay the latest piece of juicy news.
Most people have some awareness when saying something we know we shouldn’t.As it is slipping out of our mouths,we start to feel uncomfortable.We have a sense of conflict between finishing the sentence that may draw attention but won’t make anyone look good and awkwardly stopping mid-story.There are those who after spreading gossip end with a well-meaning,“I shouldn’t have said anything and I can’t really tell you how I heard it.” Not any better.Once out,they may feel good for a moment,but they’re just as likely to regret their decision.By this time,it is too late.
That said,some people just don’t notice or pay attention to the voice in their head saying “Don’t”,and others actively ignore it.In the end,the results are the same.With our lack of sensitivity,we say things that should never be said and often don’t stop long enough to realize that we have not only hurt others,but we have unintentionally hurt ourselves.Given this,why do people gossip?For some,it feels good to be in control of knowledge that others may not know.
Talking about others can become a habit and unless you work hard to break it,you may discover that others distance themselves from you.After all,if you can’t be trusted to keep secrets and not share information,people may choose not to have you as their friend.We have two ears and just one mouth.When in doubt,it is always better to listen than to speak.
【解题导语】本文主要论述了有些人热衷于说闲话的原因,并说明这种习惯的坏处以及如何改正这一不良习惯。
12.What’s the closest meaning of the underlined word “relay”?
A.show B.cover
C.spread D.get
答案C
解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“someone who’s excited to”和“the latest piece of juicy news”可知,尽管这到头来没有什么好处,并且有人很可能会受到伤害,但是人们还是试图告诉某个热衷于传播最新有趣消息的人。据此可以判断,画线词意为“传播”,故C项正确。
13.Which statement is NOT the reason for people being conscious of saying something they know they shouldn’t?
A.They feel not good when they leak out it.
B.They aren’t interested in it.
C.They have a sense of conflict during saying it.
D.They probably regret saying it.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“As it is slipping out of our mouths,we start to feel uncomfortable.”可知,一旦说出口,我们便感到不舒服;根据第二段第三句中的“We have a sense of conflict”可知,我们对是否要说出口会感到很矛盾:根据第二段的倒数第二句“Once out,they may feel good for a moment,but they’re just as likely to regret their decision.”可知,他们会对说出去的话感到后悔。B项没有提及,故选B项。
14.Why do people say something that should never be said and can hurt others?
A.Because they want to hurt others.
B.Because they hate this kind of people.
C.Because they don’t know each other well.
D.Because they are lack of sensitivity.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句“With our lack of sensitivity,we say things that should never be said and often don’t stop long enough to realize that we have not only hurt others,but we have unintentionally hurt ourselves.”可知,由于我们缺乏敏感性,所以我们才会说出不应该说的话,故D项正确。
15.From the last paragraph,we can know that .?
A.we should speak less and listen more
B.we can’t keep secrets
C.we haven’t many friends
D.we should talk about others as much as possible
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据最后一句“When in doubt,it is always better to listen than to speak.”可知,我们应当多听少说,故A项正确。根据最后一段的第二句“After all,if you can’t be trusted to keep secrets and not share information,people may choose not to have you as their friend.”可知,我们应当保守秘密,不要随意传播信息,否则会丧失朋友,故B、C、D三项错误。
第二节
体裁文:说明文 词数:237 用时:7分钟
Whether you are at Disneyland or another Disney park,you will usually find a nighttime show that will be showing. 16 Read this article to find out how you can get a good seat for an evening event at any Disney park.?
●Plan on seeing the show in advance.
Usually,if you decide an hour beforehand that you’re going to see a show,you will likely end up not getting a good seat,unless the park is not very busy. 17 ?
●Do your research.
Research online:“The best places to view...” 18 Some of them may even be less known,so you may not deal with such a big crowd.?
●Arrive to the event early.
19 Possibly even earlier if the park is more crowded on that day.If you arrive ten minutes before the event starts,you’re a lot less likely to get a good spot.?
● 20 ?
If you must leave to do something,make sure that it’s extremely quick,and try to have another member of your party stay in your spot while you are away.
A.Stay in the same area.
B.Enjoy the show with a friend.
C.It’s usually much more enjoyable if you can get a good seat.
D.This is especially important if you arrive closer to the event time.
E.In order to get a good spot,plan on arriving an hour before the event.
F.Therefore,look at the schedule before your trip,or at least the day before.
G.You’ll see a list of places in the park that are the best for viewing that event.
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了如何在迪士尼公园举办的晚会上找到好座位的方法。
16.C 空处用来引出本文的话题,在这里起到承上启下的作用;由空后一句中的“how you can get a good seat”可以判断,C项与此处对应。
17.F 根据该段标题“Plan on seeing the show in advance.”并结合空前一句的内容可知,该段主要介绍选好位置的方法之一:提前做好观看演出的计划,故F项与此处匹配。
18.G 根据空前一句中的“The best places to view...”可知,选G项“你将会看到公园里观看演出的最佳位置的列表”。
19.E 根据该段标题“Arrive to the event early.”和空后一句的内容可知,空处主要介绍提前到达演出现场这一方法,故E项符合文意。
20.A 根据空处所在位置可知,空处为该段标题,是该段的主旨;根据该段中的“make sure that it’s extremely quick,and try to have another member of your party stay in your spot while you are away”可知,该段主要介绍“要待在座位上,如需出去,可由伙伴占座”的方法,故A项最适合做该段标题。
阅读理解专题突破练6
专题突破练第21页 ?
第一节
A
体裁:记叙文 词数:313 用时:7分钟
(2018河北名校联盟联考)
Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only”.I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words,because they convey regrets,lost opportunities,mistakes,and disappointment.
My father is famous in our family for saying,“Take the extra minute to do it right.”I always try to live by the “extra minute” rule.When my children were young and likely to cause accidents,I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only” moment,whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter,or something that required a little more work such as taping padding(衬垫) onto the sharp comers of a glass coffee table.
I don’t only avoid those “if only” moments when it comes to safety.It’s equally important to avoid “if only” in our personal relationships.We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had forgone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you”.When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday,I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn’t be here.But then I thought about the fact that he was 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn’t miss an opportunity to see him.I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.
I know there will still be occasions when I have to say “if only” about something,but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality.And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right,or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection,I know that I’m doing the right thing.I’m buying myself peace of mind and that’s the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being.
【解题导语】“我”认为英语中最悲伤的两个词是“if only”,因为它们表达了遗憾。父亲在“我”小时候经常告诉我们花费额外的时间也要把事情做好以避免遗憾,“我”听从父亲的建议并认为这样做是对的。
1.Why does the writer regard “if only” as two of the saddest words in the English language?
A.Because people use them when they feel sad.
B.Because they express regrets and disappointment in life.
C.Because they remind the writer of some sad experiences.
D.Because they mean sadness in the English language.
答案B
解析细节理解题。由第一段中的“Two of the saddest words in the English language are ‘if only’...because they convey regrets,lost opportunities,mistakes,and disappointment.”可知,“我”认为英语中最令人伤心的两个词是“if only”,因为这两个词表达了后悔、丢失的机会、错误和失望,故选B项。
2.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “forgone” in Paragraph 3?
A.Given up. B.Come across.
C.Got through. D.Held back.
答案A
解析词义猜测题。该词所在的句子表达的意思是:我们都认识这样的人,他们在失去所爱之人后会后悔错失了说“我爱你”或“我原谅你”的机会。所以画线词表示“失去”,和短语give up意思接近。故选A项。
3.The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to .?
A.see a doctor B.finish her work
C.join a celebration D.accompany her father
答案D
解析细节理解题。题干中的关键信息“decided to go to her office”对应原文中的“I had decided to go to work”,由此定位到倒数第二段。从倒数第二段可以看出,“我”知道父亲要去自己办公室对面看眼科医生时,本来打算按原计划休假,但突然意识到父亲已经84岁了,所以“我”决定即便是自己的休息日,为了陪父亲,也会去上班。故选D项。
4.What is the best title for the passage?
A.Advice from My Father
B.Avoidance of Saying “If Only”
C.The “Extra Minute” Rule
D.The Importance of Emotional Well-being
答案B
解析主旨大意题。根据首尾段的第一句话及文章大意可知,本文主要是针对避免说英语中最伤心的两个词“if only”进行阐述的,所以B项“避免说‘if only’”符合全文内容。
B
体裁:记叙文 词数:252 用时:6分钟
(2017河北石家庄质量检测二)
Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina.We were there,as mental health professionals,to offer “psychological first aid” and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence.As we walked in the gate to the shelter,we were greeted with a burst of gratitude(感激)from the first person we met.I felt appreciated,but also guilty,because I hadn’t really done anything yet.
I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friend’s mother passed away unexpectedly.I received a call saying she had just passed away.I wanted to rush down there immediately,but didn’t want to intrude(打扰)on this very personal period of sadness.I was torn about what to do.Another friend with me then said,“Just go.Just be there.”I did,and I will never regret it.
Since then,I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others.Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS-related dying.He was not awake,and obviously unaware of others’ presence.However,the atmosphere was by no means solemn.His family,playing guitars and singing,allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.
In my life,I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence.In it,none of us are truly alone.It not only is something we give to others but also changes me for the better.
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了“我”通过一些活动意识到“到场”的意义的故事。
5.Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author?
A.He built shelters for them.
B.He gave immediate first aid to them.
C.He came to stay with them.
D.He brought mental health professionals.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“We were there, as mental health professionals,to offer ‘psychological first aid’and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence.”可知,因为在他们受灾时“我”和他们在一起,所以他们感激“我”,故C项正确。
6.What did the author do when his friend’s mother passed away?
A.He hesitated over whether to go.
B.He went to his friend’s at once.
C.He knew what to do instantly.
D.He decided not to disturb his friend.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I wanted to rush down there immediately,but didn’t want to intrude on this very personal period of sadness.I was torn about what to do.”可知,“我”想要立即去朋友那里,但又不愿意去打扰朋友,据此可知,当朋友的母亲去世时,“我”犹豫是否要去朋友那里。
7.What does the underlined word “solemn” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Heavy but warm. B.A little sad but cosy.
C.Relaxing and delightful. D.Very serious and unhappy.
答案D
解析词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“His family,playing guitars and singing”可知,男青年的家人在弹奏吉他并唱歌;结合画线词所在句中的“However...no means”和第三段第二句中的“a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS-related dying”可以判断,在家人的陪伴下,气氛并不悲伤和严肃,据此可以判断,画线词意为“严肃的”,故D项正确。
8.What has the author learned from his experience?
A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B.Being present can make a big difference.
C.The family harmony is the happiest thing in life.
D.Being a volunteer can make one’s life more significant.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段的前两句“In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence.In it,none of us are truly alone.”并结合第二段的第一句可知,从自己的经历中“我”意识到了“到场”的重要意义,故B项正确。 A项意为“患难见真情”,C项意为“家庭和谐是人生最幸福的事情”,D项意为“做志愿者能让人的生活更有意义”,都与文意不符。
C
体裁:说明文 词数:386 用时:8分钟
(2017辽宁沈阳教学质量监测一)
You’ll probably never go to Mars or sing on the stage with the Rolling Stones.But if virtual reality(VR) ever lives up to its promise,you might be able to do all these things—and many more—without even leaving your home.Unlike real reality,virtual reality means simulating(模仿) bits of our world.Apart from games and entertainment,it’s long been used for training airline pilots and surgeons and for helping scientists to figure out complex problems such as the structure of protein molecules.Then how does it work?
Close your eyes and think of virtual reality and you probably picture something like this:a man wearing a wrap-around headset and data gloves wired into a powerful workstation or supercomputer.What distinguishes VR from an ordinary computer experience is the nature of the input and output.Where an ordinary computer uses things like a keyboard,mouse,or speech recognition for input,VR uses sensors that detect how your body is moving.And where a PC displays output on a screen,VR uses two screens(one for each eye),surround-sound speakers,and maybe some forms of touch and body feedback as well.
VR has been routinely used by scientists,doctors,dentists,engineers,architects,archaeologists,and the military for about the last 30 years.Difficult and dangerous jobs are hard to train for.How can you safely practice taking a trip to space,making a parachute jump,or carrying out brain surgery?All these things are obvious candidates for virtual reality applications.
Like any technology,virtual reality has both good and bad points.Critics always raise the risk that people may be addicted to alternative realities to the point of ignoring their real-world lives—but that criticism has been leveled at everything from radio and TV to computer games and the Internet.Like many technologies,VR takes little or nothing away from the real world:you don’t have to use it if you don’t want to.
【解题导语】本文介绍了“虚拟现实”的工作原理、在不同领域的应用以及人们对这一技术的评价。
9.What equipment do we need for virtual reality?
A.A keyboard,a headset and a supercomputer.
B.A headset,data gloves and a supercomputer.
C.A headset,data gloves and a speech recognition.
D.A keyboard,a mouse and a speech recognition.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“...you probably picture something like this:a man wearing a wrap-around headset and data gloves wired into a powerful workstation or supercomputer.”可知,“虚拟现实”所需要的硬件设备有耳机、数据手套和超级电脑。故B项正确。
10.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.The advantages of virtual reality.
B.The influences of virtual reality.
C.The importance of virtual reality.
D.The applications of virtual reality.
答案D
解析段落大意题。通读第三段可知,第三段最后一句“All these things are obvious candidates for virtual reality applications.”为该段的主题句,据此可知,该段主要介绍了“虚拟现实”在各个领域的应用,故D项正确。
11.What is the writer’s attitude towards VR?
A.Cautious. B.Appreciative.
C.Doubtful. D.Uninterested.
答案B
解析观点态度题。本文第一段介绍了“虚拟现实”的作用;第三段介绍了“虚拟现实”在各个领域的应用;文章最后一句给出了作者的观点:正如许多技术一样,“虚拟现实”不会从现实世界中带走什么,如果你不想用可以不用。据此可知,作者对“虚拟现实”是欣赏的,故B项正确。
12.According to the passage,virtual reality means .?
A.experiencing things that don’t really exist
B.creating something that doesn’t exist
C.imagining beautiful things in our mind
D.cloning something that has died out
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第一段尤其是第三句“Unlike real reality,virtual reality means simulating bits of our world.”可知,“虚拟现实”是可以让人们体验到不存在的事物的一种技术,故A项正确。
D
体裁:记叙文 词数:341 用时:8分钟
This rainy afternoon I decided to visit the Great North Museum.Walking into the building,I just felt excited,looking forward to what I was going to find out in the visit,something I would like to share with my beloved husband when I got home.
Just as I walked past the Chinese Antique Porcelain section,one collection caught my eyes and heart very much:a Chinese plate with a drawing of a garden scene with two ladies,a child,a dog and a willow,very beautiful and unique.It reminded me that my mum used to have a similar plate like that;of course it was not from the Ming Dynasty,but we had plates and bowls of a similar design, following and serving us for many years.
I still remember every day Mum was busy cooking for eight of us.While waiting for the dinner to be ready,we would play in the garden,jumping up and down,with the family dogs and cats also running around.When the dinner was ready,we all ran over to the big round table,everyone holding a bowl with rice,and chopsticks,getting ready to fight for the food on the table.My mum normally would prepare five or six dishes served with those beautiful Chinese plates.The noises of chatting mixed with the warm heat,sweat,and wind blowing would slowly accompany the sun setting down.The pleasant evening would come and purple and blue colored the sky.Mum’s face was full of shine and happiness;she loved to see us finish all her dishes.She would always be the last person to eat,and basically the last to clear the leftovers.Mum always put herself last and the children first.Then I moved away and lived so far from her,but the food that she prepared always stays in my heart,and I always remember the beautiful Chinese plates.
Plates for many people can be just tools to serve food,nothing more than that.But for me they are not plates;for me they are a memory.
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者去博物馆参观时回想起过去和家人一起吃晚饭的美好时光。
13.Why did the Chinese plate in the Museum draw the author’s attention?
A.Because its pattern and design were elegant.
B.Because it called up her previous experience.
C.Because she could share it with her husband.
D.Because she remembered Mum had the same plate.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据第二、三段的整体内容,并结合最后一段可推知,博物馆的瓷盘子吸引作者的原因是它引起了作者的美好回忆,故选B项。
14.What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 3?
A.She didn’t want to help her mother cook dinner.
B.She used to fight against her families for more food.
C.Her family enjoyed a warm and happy dinner atmosphere.
D.Her mum would serve precious dishes with Chinese plates.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第三段的“The pleasant evening would come and purple and blue colored the sky.Mum’s face was full of shine and happiness;she loved to see us finish all her dishes.”可推知,作者一家非常享受温暖且愉快的晚餐氛围,故选C项。
15.How does the author sound while telling the story?
A.Touched. B.Excited.
C.Pleased. D.Encouraged.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知,作者因一个类似的盘子勾起的美好回忆而深受感动,故选A项。touched“受感动的”。
第二节
体裁:说明文 词数:301 用时:7分钟
Chopsticks
1.When were chopsticks invented?
In fact,before the invention of chopsticks,Chinese ancestors actually used hands to eat,but how did they eat soup and porridge? 16 Chinese started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago in the Shang Dynasty.?
2.Who invented chopsticks?
The records of using chopsticks have been found in many written books but lack physical evidence.However,many stories are about the invention of chopsticks.One says that Jiang Ziya,an ancient wise man,created chopsticks. 17 But there is no exact history record about the invention.We can only say that smart ancient Chinese invented chopsticks.?
3.How to use Chinese chopsticks
Using two slim sticks to pick up food is actually not difficult.You can do it if you practice it for some time,even if you are a foreigner.The key to managing chopsticks is keeping one chopstick in position while moving the other to pick up food. 18 ?
4.Chopsticks manners
Chopsticks are usually held in the right hand,and left-handed chopstick use is considered as improper in China.Playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite. 19 ?
5.The philosophy of Chinese chopsticks
Chinese philosopher Confucius advised people to use chopsticks instead of knives because the metal knives remind people of cold weapons,which mean killing and violence.
6.A chopsticks-themed museum can be found in Shanghai
If you are truly interested in chopsticks,you can pay a visit to the Shanghai Chopsticks Museum.The museum gathered more than 1,200 pairs of chopsticks from China,Japan,Thailand and other countries. 20 ?
A.Chopsticks were introduced to many other neighbor countries due to their lightness and convenience.
B.It is considered to be polite and thoughtful to pick up food for the elderly and children.
C.Bamboo chopsticks are most frequently used in Chinese daily life.
D.The oldest one was from the Tang Dynasty.
E.There also go around some other stories.
F.Remember to practice with patience.
G.They had to use sticks to eat them.
答案与解析
【解题导语】本文对筷子的起源、使用方法、风俗等进行了介绍。
16.G 空处前句提到“how did they eat soup and porridge”,因此空处应对此问题进行回答,所以选G项。
17.E 根据上文的“However,many stories are about the invention of chopsticks.”可推知,除了姜子牙的故事外,还有许多有关发明筷子的故事,所以选E项。
18.F 根据上文的“You can do it if you practice it for some time,even if you are a foreigner.”可推知,筷子的使用要通过耐心的练习才能熟练起来,所以选F项。
19.B 根据上文的“Playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite.”可推知,此处要讲述礼貌使用筷子的方式,所以选B项。
20.D 空前提到“The museum gathered more than 1,200 pairs of chopsticks from...”,再结合本段的主题“筷子主题博物馆”可推知,此处讲历史最悠久的筷子,所以选D项。
