人教版 必修 1 Unit 1 Friendship language points课件（共79张PPT）

Unit 1 Friendship
Period 4

Words and expressions
of the text
1. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. (P1)
遛狗的时候，你不小心把狗松开了，它被车撞了。
while walking the dog 相当于while you were walking the dog。当when, while, unless, as if等引导状语从句，若从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词，构成省略句句型。
Though _______ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.
［2010全国卷Ⅱ，11］
A. surprising B. was surprised
C. surprised D. being surprised
【解析】选C。考查省略结构。补充完整为：Though he was surprised，省略主语和系动词。句意：尽管教授见到我们很惊讶，但还是热情地接待了我们。
1. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
it’s because…
grow/be crazy about…
something/anything/everything to do with…
我不知道这是不是因为我很久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
结构分析：I wonder是主句的主语和谓语，if引导一个宾语从句，宾语从句中because引导一个原因状语从句，而同时用了强调句型it’s＋被强调部分＋that来强调原因状语从句。
2.原句：I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌唱，月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。(L2，P2)
spellbind v. 吸引人；迷人
when 引导的定语从句（划线部分）修饰句中的time
⑴ 曾经有段时间弟弟非常厌倦学习。
______________________________________
_________________________________.
⑵ 在中国，曾经有个时期很多高中生想到国外留学。
In China，_____________________ many senior students wanted to study abroad.
仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。
There was a time when my younger brother
was very tired of study
there was a time when
⑶ 有一段时间相当艰难，不过我最终还是达到了自己的目标。
________________________________________，but I was able to reach my goals.
There was a time when things were rough
2.原句：I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。(L9，P2)
说明：表示“碰巧做某事”也可用It happens/happened that...句型。
⑴ 当我给他打电话的时候，碰巧他父母都出去了。
________________________________his parents were out .

⑵ 他倒下的时候我恰巧站在他旁边。
_________________________________________
________________________________when he fell.
It happened that I was standing next to him/I happened to be standing next to him
仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。
It happened that，when I called him
⑶ 我去参军时，恰巧那年收成不好。
_______________________________________
___________________________that year when I joined the army.
It happened that the harvest was bad/The
harvest happened to be bad
3.原句：I didn’t go downstairs until the window had to be shut.直到不得不关窗时，我才下楼。(L10，P2)
说明：1.倒装式：not until放在句首，主句要半倒装；2.强调式：It is not until ... that ...。
⑴ 直到他回来，妈妈才去睡觉。
His mother _______________ until he got back.

⑵ 直到我们向他们指出了错误，他们才意识到。
They _____________ their fault ______we pointed it out to them.
Not until __________________________________
________________________________________.
仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。
we pointed out their fault to them
did they realize it
didn’t go to bed
didn’t realize
until
⑶ 直到看到你的来信，我才了解事情的原委。
_______________ I had read your letter
______I understood the true state of affairs.
that
It was not until
4.原句：It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。(L11，P2)
说明：⑴ 其中的it可用this或that替代；
⑵ first根据实际情况可改为second，third...等；
⑶ 当is改为was时，that从句中的have改为had。
It /This is the first time that …(现在完成时)
It /That was the first time that …(过去完成时)
1 有一段时间我步行上学。
2 这是我第一次来北京。
3 那是他第二次上班迟到。
There was a time when I went to school on foot.
This is the first time that I have been in Beijing.
It was the third time that the man had been late for work.
that从句中的谓语动词既可以用现在完成时态，也可用过去完成时态，试思考其标准是什么？
【思考提示】当主句的谓语为is或will be时，that从句常用现在完成时态；当主句谓语用was时，则that从句用过去完成时态。
It was the second time we _______ in holding such important parties.
A. succeed B. had succeeded
C. succeeded D. have succeeded
【解析】选B。考查动词时态。It is/was the first/second. . . time that. . . 句型中，从句中动词时态用完成时，参照动词was，可知此处用过去完成时，故选B。
⑴ 我告诉导游这是我第一次到台湾旅游。
I told the guide that _______________________
_______________________________________.
比较：It is (about/high) time that sb. did sth.是某人该做某事的时候了(=It is time for sb. to do sth.)。
仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。
it was the first time that
I had travelled in Taiwan
⑵ 妈妈惩罚小明，因为这是他第二次犯同样的错误。
Xiaoming’s mother punished him，because
____________________________________
____________.

⑶ 这个短语已经第三次出现在我们的练习中，所以老师要求我们一定要掌握。
___________________________________
________________________, so our teacher asks us to master it.
It is the third time that the phrase has
appeared in our exercises
it was the second time that he had made the same mistake
Key words and phrases:

on purpose, in order to,do with, face to face, hide away, set down, a series of, go through, dare, hold…in one’s power, no longer
Studying language points
1. go through 经历；经受
【原句】Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you，or would not understand what you are going through? (P2)或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？
观察并注意下面句中go through的含义
?This year we have gone through too many natural disasters, such as earthquakes, floods and mudslides(泥石流). (经历).
?The doctor will go through with the operation soon. (完成)
?I always start the day by going through my mail. (仔细检查，审查)
?I seem to be going through a lot of money at the moment. (花完，用掉)
eg. 警察仔细检查小偷的口袋。
The police went through the pockets of the
thief carefully.
当他妻子生病的时候，他经历了一段很困难
的时光。
He went through a hard time while his wife
was sick.

You can’t have lost the keys. _______ all your pockets again.
［2011合肥高一检测］
A. Go down B. Go against
C. Go through D. Go across
【解析】选C。 go through在此表示“仔细检查”。句意：你不可能把钥匙弄丢的。把你所有的口袋再检查一下吧。

7. go through
经历；经受；检查；浏览；用完；做完
The country has gone through too many wars.
Have you gone through all your money already?
你把所有的钱都花完了吗？
I went through the students’ papers last night.
昨晚我仔细阅读了学生的试卷。
联想拓展
go after追求；追赶
go ahead 前进；请说（做）吧
go by走过；（时间）过去
go along with向前；（与......)一起去
go in for爱好；从事
go out 外出；（灯，火）熄灭
go over 越过；复习
go through with 做完；完成
go up 爬上；（价格等）上升
高手过招
①We’d better try to with the experiment, I think. Now let’s with it.2010·河南许昌一模）
A. go through; go on B. go on; go over
C. go over; go through D. go on; go through



②If a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person .（2010·平顶山一中月考）
go up B. rise up
C. throw up D. set up
选A。go through with sth.意思是“做完，完成”；
go on with 意思是“继续”。
选C。throw up的意思是“呕吐；吐出”。
do with 和deal with 用法辨析
Do with 与deal with 都可作“处置”讲。do with 常与连接代词what连用，
而deal with 常与连接副词how连用，如：
I don’t know how they deal with the problem.
=I don’t know what they do with the problem.
我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。
do with 表示“处置”、“忍受”、“相处”、“有关”等。
1.They found a way to do with the elephant.
他们找到对付那头大象的办法了。
2.We can’t do with such carelessness.
我们不能容忍这种粗枝大叶的作风。
3.We are difficult to do with the new comer.
我们很难与新来的那个人相处。
4.I have nothing to do with him.
我跟他无任何关系。

deal with意义很广，常表示“对付”、“应付”、“处理”、“安排”、“论述”、“涉及”等。如：
1.They could properly deal with all kinds of situations.
他能恰当地应付各种局面。
2.Deal with a man as he deals with you.
以其人之道，还治其人之身。
3.This is a book dealing with Asian problems.
这是一本论述亚洲问题的书。
4.They have learned to deal with various persons.
他们学会了和各种人打交道。
.outdoors
adv. 在户外，在野外，
反义词:indoors 户外，野外
Children usually prefer playing outdoors.
I love to be in the great outdoors.
adj. 户外的，野外的(置于名词前) ?
an outdoor sport/game 户外运动
Outdoor adj.户外的
leading an outdoor life
过着户外的生活
Ourdoors adv.
it’s cold outdoors.
6. keep sb. / sth. + a. / ad. / doing / done 使……保持某种状态
I’m sorry to have kept you ______ (wait) for so long.
We will keep you ________ ( inform ).
7. stay ---- keep系动词, 意为“保持”, 表示状态,后多跟形容词或名词, 不用于被动语态和进行时。
waiting
informed
The weather ______________ (一直暖和)all this weak.
The shop _________ (一直营业) twenty four hours a day.
They ____________ for years until Li died.
has stayed warm
stays open
stayed friends
stay awake
1.stay: 保持，表示待在一个地方或处在某种情况。
1). 他现在待在家里。


2). 一连三天都是好天气。


3). 商店一直开到八点。
He is staying in the house now.
The weather stayed fine for three days.
The shop stays open until 8 p.m..
2. awake 醒着的
他睡着还是醒着？
Is he awake or asleep?
awake 为表语形容词， 不做定语。类似词有：
afraid, alive, alone, asleep, etc.
8. too much 修饰不可数名词、不及物动词或单独使用；若修饰可数名词复数,则用too many ;
much too + a. / ad. 实在太……, 用来修饰形容词和副词。
I had to call a taxi because the box was ___ to carry all the way home .
A. much too heavy B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much D. too heavy much
I won’t go to the cinema with you, because I have ____ work to do.
A. too many B. too much C. much too D. far much too
I am not in good health, so the work is ________ for me to do.
too much
9. happen to do …; It happens(ed) that … 碰巧……
I _________________________ (恰好在车站) when he arrived.
It happened that _________________ when he arrived .
happened to be at the station
I was at the station
eg. I don’t know whether he dares to /dare try.
He didn’t dare (to) do / daren’t move.
If you dare (to) do that again, you will be sorry.
Do you dare (to) ask him?
5. dare:
dare do sth. 敢；敢于
dare to do sth. 敢；敢于
1) No one ________ go into the old house at night.
2) _______ you _______drive that car without asking your parents’ permission?
Practice 3
dared
dare
Do
7. set down 记下；放下；登记
【原句】I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do，but I want this diary itself to be my friend，and I shall call my friend Kitty. (P2)
我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂。
拓展：set about doing sth. 开始、着手做某事
set off 出发
set aside 留出、把… 放到一旁
set out 出发；开始+ to do
set up 建立
set free 释放；解放
介副词填空
①你怎么不把你的想法写在纸上呢?
Why don’t you set your ideas down on paper?
②他整理好故事的线索便开始写作。
Gathering up the thread of his story, he set about writing.
③我每天尽量腾出一些时间锻炼一下身体。
I try to set aside a few minutes each day to do some exercises.
8. a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套
?There’s been a series of accidents on the road recently. 近来在这一路段发生了一连串事故。
?A series of films about him has come out.
关于他的一系列电影已经问世了。
完成句子
①发射前，嫦娥二号卫星接受了一系列的测验。
Before launched, Chang’e-Ⅱreceived a series of tests .
②给学生们发了三套试题。
Three series of papers were handed out to the students.
9. on purpose 故意
【原句】. . . For example，one evening when it was so warm，I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. (P2)
……比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，
我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是
独自好好看看月亮。
?He did it on purpose.
他故意做了这件事。
?Did you come to London for the purpose of seeing your family, or for business purpose?
你到伦敦来的目的是为了要看望家人还是为了公事？
完成句子
①她似乎是有意地做这些事。
She seems to do these things on purpose .
②那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。
The boy broke Jack’s window on purpose . He wanted to frighten Jack.
10. power n. 能力；力量；权力
【原句】The dark，rainy evening, the wind，the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power；. . . (P2)漆黑的夜晚，风雨交加，电闪雷鸣，我全然被这种力量镇住了。
?She lost her power of speech. 她失去了说话的能力。
用power/energy/strength/force填空
①He worked with great energy .
②I did all in my power to save the boy from drowning.
③I don’t have the strength to lift this box.
④What is the force of gravity at sea level?
4. face to face 面对面地
1)His boss is talking to him face to face.

2)His boss having a face-to-face talk with him.
12. face to face 面对面地 (在句中作状语)
face-to-face a.面对面的 (作定语)
类似的还有heart to heart 坦诚地
shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地
back to back 背对背地
She stood __________ (面对面地) with him.
We had ________________ (面对面的交谈).
face to face
a face-to-face talk
That night they talked ____________ (坦诚地) with each other.
heart to heart
face-to-face 为复合形容词 ---作定语，“面对面的”
如:We must have a face-to-face struggle against the enemy.
我们必须与敌人进行一场面对面的斗争。
拓展： hand in hand 手拉手地
heart to heart 贴心地，坦诚地
shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地
arm in arm 臂挽臂地
side by side 并排地
little by little / step by step
back to back 背靠背地
one by one 一个一个地
填出下面短语的含义
heart to heart 坦诚地
shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地；齐心协力
back to back 背对背地
hand in hand 手拉手
arm in arm 臂挽臂
side by side 并排地，肩并肩地
exactly: ad. 恰好地,正确地,精确地,正是
1.Tell me exactly where he is.
确切地告诉我他在什么地方。
2.That's exactly what I expected.
那正是我想望的.
3.You've arrived at exactly the right moment.
你到得正是时候。
2. 表示不完全否定，意为：不完全是；不完全如此；不全对。 如：
A：Do you mean to say he’ll refuse us?
你的意思是说他会拒绝我们?
B：Not exactly. 不完全如此。
A：So you missed the meeting.
所以你就错过了这次会议。
B：Not exactly. I got there five minutes before it finished. 不完全是这样，我在散会前五分钟赶到了那儿。
拓展：not exactly的口语用法
⑴ My friend has _________________ a beautiful girl.

⑵ He broke up with his girlfriend，who _____
_______________ him for 3 years.
2.fall in love with爱上(动作，不可与时间段连用)
be in love with相爱(状态，可与时间段连用)
运用：用上述短语完成下列句子。
been in love with
fallen in love with
had
联想：be fed up with 对……感到厌烦
be bored with对……极其厌倦
4.be/get tired of对……厌烦
be tired from因……累了/疲劳
8.join in 参加；加入
join in sth.参加/加入做某事
join sb. (in sth./doing sth.)和某人一起做某事
join the army/the party/the club/the league 入伍参军/入党/加入俱乐部/入团
比较：attend the meeting 参加会议
attend the lecture/the lesson 听演讲报
告/听课
⑴ He stared at them without __________the conversation.
⑵ If you _____the club，you have to obey its rules.
⑶ And what’s more，she is going to_____ us in an informal discussion tomorrow evening.
运用：用以上词语完成句子。
joining in
join
join
⑷ Our teacher suggested that we ______
_______ the lecture.


⑸ How many countries ______________
_____________ the last Olympic Games?
/participated in
attend
(should)
took part in
1. have got to(=have to)与其他情态动词一样也是后接动词原形，表示外界的强制作用，强调被迫性。含有不情愿的色彩，常译为“必须，不得不”。
【原句】You will tell your friend that you’ve got to go to class. (P1)告诉你的朋友你必须去上课。
?We have to do it ourselves. 我们必须自己动手去做。
完成句子
①天黑了，我得走了。
It’s late. I have got to go now.
②我还有点事，我得走了。
I have something to do. I must go now.
2. She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. (P2)
她和她的家人躲藏了将近二十五个月才被发现。
before既可作介词或副词用，也可作从属连词用。尤其是作为从属连词时的用法更为灵活。请观察下面例句，注意其用法。
?If your character uses any props（小道具）, make sure you know where they are before you go on stage. （在……之前就……）
?The man almost knocked me down before he saw me. （过了多久后才……，动作进行到什么程度才……）
?Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. （来不及； 尚未……就……）
?Time passed quickly and three months went by before she knew it. （不知不觉就……； 还没弄清就……）
?It was three days before he came back. （过了多久才……）
?It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position. （不久就……）
?It will be half a year before you graduate from this school. （多久之后才……）
The girl had hardly rung the bell _______ the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.
［2010福建, 26］
A. before B. until C. as D. since
【解析】选A。考查从属连词。句意为：这个女孩几乎没来得及按门铃门就突然被打开了，她的朋友冲出来欢迎她。A项意为“来不及……就”；B项意为“直到……时（为止）”；C项意为“当……的时候”；D项意为“自从……以来”。B、C、D三项在从句中不合逻辑，故排除。
3. in order to为了……
in order to / so as to

1).为了看清楚我带上了眼镜。


2). 为了取得进步，他学习努力了。

I put on my glasses in order to /so as to see it clearly,
In order to make progress, he worked hard.
2 so that/ in order that + 句子

1)I put on my glasses _______ I can see it clearly.
2)为了让学生听懂， 老师讲得很慢。
The teacher spoke slowly ____________ the students could understand him.
?She arrived early in order to/so as to get a good seat.
她早早到场，好找个好位置。
?Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.
悄悄进去，别把宝宝吵醒。
句型转换
He works hard so that/in order that he can keep up with his classmates.
= He works hard in order to/so as to keep up with his classmates.
= In order to keep up with his classmates, he works hard.

【同义词辨析】else, other, rest
else 常用在疑问词和不定代词之后，后可加’s 表示所属关系。
other 通常放在名词前面作定语，也可当作代词使用。
rest 通常与the 连用，后常有of短语，the rest 相当于代词。
【趁热打铁】
1）We need ten _______ chairs.
2) There are ______ ways of doing this exercise.
3) This must be someone ______ fault.
4) Where ______ did you go?
5）Five of them are from England, and _______ are from the U.S.A.
[答案：1）other; 2) other; 3) else’s; 4) else; 5) the rest/the others]
Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you
同义词辨析】reason, cause, excuse
reason 指以理解某事而提出的理由，与所发生的事情不一定有逻辑上的因果关系，经常与for 连用，来表示“…的原因”。
cause 指直接导致事情发生的起因，与所发生的事情有因果关系，经常与of 连用，来表示“…的起因”。
excuse 指推卸责任而寻求的理由、借口。
【趁热打铁】
1）The ______ of the fire was carelessness.
2) He refused to explain his ________.
3）He made a good ______ for breaking the regulation.
[答案：1）cause; 2) reason(s); 3）excuse]
完成句子
①他的梦想是要面对面地见见他最喜欢的流行歌星。
His dream was to meet his favorite pop star face to face .
②你愿意同我齐心协力地处理这个问题吗？
Would you like to handle the problem with me shoulder to shoulder ?

Review the new words and phrases that
you have learned in class.
2. Do WB P.41 Ex.1 (Translation)
Homework