2019高考英语阅读理解之长难句理解分析学案
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| 名称 | 2019高考英语阅读理解之长难句理解分析学案 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-01-03 18:50:11 | ||
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2019高考英语阅读理解之长难句理解分析学案
阅读理解之长难句理解分析
阅读理解之长难句分析
学员编号： 年 级：高二 课 时 数： 学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：
授课类型 T 阅读理解之长难句分析
星 级 ★★★★
教学目标 使学生学会分析长难句。提升学生的阅读理解解题技巧。
2. 分隔结构和成分省略的干扰。
为了调整语气和增加补充信息，更主要的是为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，使语义严密，结构紧凑，英语中将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来，这就是所谓的分隔结构。考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。此外，还有一些句子成分(一般是定语)过长而出现后置，只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整，没有新增信息。
…
56. The idea for a special gift began to form when the author was ______.
A. doing shopping
B. having a debate
C. reading a message
While visiting the Virtual LoB, the public can ______.
A. get a general idea of the LoB
B. meet many world?famous experts
C. learn how to put up a library building
D. understand how the specialists work on the project 2. As the only girl in a family of seven children, she often felt like she had “seven fathers,” because her six brothers, as well as her father, tried to control her. Feeling shy and unimportant, she retreated(躲避) into books. Despite her love of reading, she did not do well in elementary school because she was too shy to participate. 36. Which of the following is TRUE about Cisneros in her childhood? A. She had seven brothers. B. She felt herself unimportant. C. She was too shy to go to school. D. She did not have any good teachers. 3.In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it. However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet. 69. What do we know about the Internet according to the passage? A. It makes IP rights harder to protect. B. It sells songs and films. C. It does not affect the way we understand IP rights. D. It prevents the production of artwork. 4. Their study found that the bromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present. The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment, “while coughing is not necessarily harmful(有害的) it can have a major effect on the quality of life and” this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem, ” said Professor Peter Barnes. According to Professor Barnes, the obromine______. A. cannot be as effective as codeine B. can be harmful to people’s health C. cannot be separated from chocolateD. can be a more effective cure for coughs5. Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth’s surface. It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere, 30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth’s surface. The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet. Only a small part of the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s surface because most of it is______. A. absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphere B. reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere C. lost in the upper and lower atmosphereD. used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakesKeys： 1.A 考查细节理解，其实质就是对复杂句子的理解。根据“Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.”可知当参观数字化图书馆时公众可以了解LoB。2.B 译文：作为家庭七个孩子中唯一的女孩, 她常常有一种感觉, 就是她拥有“七个父亲”, 原因是她的六个兄弟和她的父亲都想控制她。由于羞怯和觉得无地位的缘故, 她总是埋头苦读。尽管她酷爱读书, 可是在小学她的成绩不佳, 因为她太害羞而不能积极地参与。3.A 译文：在那个时代, 知识产权很容易受到保护, 因为不付费想得到知识产权是很困难的。然而, 现在许多知识产权包括歌曲、电影、书籍和艺术品通过使用因特网都可以免费下载。4.D 译文：目前, 可卡因是最佳的止咳药物, 可是他们的研究发现在可可粉中包含的可可碱, 其疗效又比可卡因几乎高三分之一。在因特网上公布了他们的研究成果的伦敦皇家大学的研究员们说道：这种发现可能有助于找到更有效的治咳方式。彼得?巴恩斯教授说道：“这种发现可能在治咳史上向前迈了一大步”。5.C 译文：来自太阳的大部分能量都不会到达地球的表面, 这种能量或者被上层大气中的气体反射或吸收。在到达低层大气的能量中, 有30%的能量被云层或地球的表面所反射, 剩下的70%使地球的表面温暖。
1、是否有同位语和插入语。
2、是否有省略、倒装和分隔等现象。
3、替代词的所指对象。
4、判断并列成分的层次。
5、句首的并列连词and、or、but、for通常起承上启下的
作用, 不要将他们归入后文的句法分析。
6、在从句多的句子中, 从句中又包含从句的现象。
7、非限定动词短语在句中作次要成分（定语和状语）时
又带着自己较长的从属成分, 尤其是状语从句或宾语
从句时的结构分析。
8、在有多个从句的复合句和并列句中, 状语（单个词、
短语或从句）究竟是全句的修饰语还是某个从句或词
语的修饰语。
典例讲解
典例讲解
表示目的：so that, for the purpose that, in order that等；
表示结果：so…that…, such…that…, as a result, therefore, thus等；
表示条件：if, on condition that, unless等；
表示原因：because, since, as等。
复合句按其在句中的作用可分为名词性从句、形容词性从句(定语从句)和副词性从句(状语从句)三大类。任何一个复合句都有一个至几个反应逻辑、意义及结构关系的引导词, 找出这些引导词就能分析出复合句的完整句子结构, 清理出完整意义。平时要注意积累表示各种逻辑关系的连词和短语。
典例讲解
批注：本句是含有多个从句的复合句, 主干为I can’t live, 后面跟了原因状语, 宾语和结果状语从句。
I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的) resources, our children may have to lead poorer lives.
批注：本句是含有多个简单句的并列句, 有多个并列连词连接而成, 如and, but等。
In the 1970s, he was a surgeon at Yale, and had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children, but he was terribly unhappy.
Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines, the toothpaste marketer, for instance, must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.
批注：本句是带有多个成分的简单句, 主干为the toothpaste marketer must select programs, stations and magazines. 老师让学生提出所有修饰成分
复合句中
并列句中
长难句存在于
简单句中
：
? 长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。
? 长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。
? 理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型, 理清句子成分, 抓住句子中的关键部分。
高中英语阅读理解-长难句分析策略
在阅读理解中，考生会经常碰到许多结构复杂的句子。也就是所谓的长难句。命题者在句子理解难度上大做文章，无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式，从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。长难句在阅读理解中容易给考生造成阅读障碍，形成一种心理压力，使考生失分。
T能力-阅读理解之长难句分析
2019高考英语阅读理解之长难句理解分析学案
阅读理解之长难句理解分析
阅读理解之长难句分析
学员编号： 年 级：高二 课 时 数： 学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：
授课类型 T 阅读理解之长难句分析
星 级 ★★★★
教学目标 使学生学会分析长难句。提升学生的阅读理解解题技巧。
2. 分隔结构和成分省略的干扰。
为了调整语气和增加补充信息，更主要的是为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，使语义严密，结构紧凑，英语中将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来，这就是所谓的分隔结构。考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。此外，还有一些句子成分(一般是定语)过长而出现后置，只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整，没有新增信息。
…
56. The idea for a special gift began to form when the author was ______.
A. doing shopping
B. having a debate
C. reading a message
While visiting the Virtual LoB, the public can ______.
A. get a general idea of the LoB
B. meet many world?famous experts
C. learn how to put up a library building
D. understand how the specialists work on the project 2. As the only girl in a family of seven children, she often felt like she had “seven fathers,” because her six brothers, as well as her father, tried to control her. Feeling shy and unimportant, she retreated(躲避) into books. Despite her love of reading, she did not do well in elementary school because she was too shy to participate. 36. Which of the following is TRUE about Cisneros in her childhood? A. She had seven brothers. B. She felt herself unimportant. C. She was too shy to go to school. D. She did not have any good teachers. 3.In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it. However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet. 69. What do we know about the Internet according to the passage? A. It makes IP rights harder to protect. B. It sells songs and films. C. It does not affect the way we understand IP rights. D. It prevents the production of artwork. 4. Their study found that the bromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present. The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment, “while coughing is not necessarily harmful(有害的) it can have a major effect on the quality of life and” this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem, ” said Professor Peter Barnes. According to Professor Barnes, the obromine______. A. cannot be as effective as codeine B. can be harmful to people’s health C. cannot be separated from chocolateD. can be a more effective cure for coughs5. Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth’s surface. It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere, 30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth’s surface. The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet. Only a small part of the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s surface because most of it is______. A. absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphere B. reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere C. lost in the upper and lower atmosphereD. used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakesKeys： 1.A 考查细节理解，其实质就是对复杂句子的理解。根据“Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.”可知当参观数字化图书馆时公众可以了解LoB。2.B 译文：作为家庭七个孩子中唯一的女孩, 她常常有一种感觉, 就是她拥有“七个父亲”, 原因是她的六个兄弟和她的父亲都想控制她。由于羞怯和觉得无地位的缘故, 她总是埋头苦读。尽管她酷爱读书, 可是在小学她的成绩不佳, 因为她太害羞而不能积极地参与。3.A 译文：在那个时代, 知识产权很容易受到保护, 因为不付费想得到知识产权是很困难的。然而, 现在许多知识产权包括歌曲、电影、书籍和艺术品通过使用因特网都可以免费下载。4.D 译文：目前, 可卡因是最佳的止咳药物, 可是他们的研究发现在可可粉中包含的可可碱, 其疗效又比可卡因几乎高三分之一。在因特网上公布了他们的研究成果的伦敦皇家大学的研究员们说道：这种发现可能有助于找到更有效的治咳方式。彼得?巴恩斯教授说道：“这种发现可能在治咳史上向前迈了一大步”。5.C 译文：来自太阳的大部分能量都不会到达地球的表面, 这种能量或者被上层大气中的气体反射或吸收。在到达低层大气的能量中, 有30%的能量被云层或地球的表面所反射, 剩下的70%使地球的表面温暖。
1、是否有同位语和插入语。
2、是否有省略、倒装和分隔等现象。
3、替代词的所指对象。
4、判断并列成分的层次。
5、句首的并列连词and、or、but、for通常起承上启下的
作用, 不要将他们归入后文的句法分析。
6、在从句多的句子中, 从句中又包含从句的现象。
7、非限定动词短语在句中作次要成分（定语和状语）时
又带着自己较长的从属成分, 尤其是状语从句或宾语
从句时的结构分析。
8、在有多个从句的复合句和并列句中, 状语（单个词、
短语或从句）究竟是全句的修饰语还是某个从句或词
语的修饰语。
典例讲解
典例讲解
表示目的：so that, for the purpose that, in order that等；
表示结果：so…that…, such…that…, as a result, therefore, thus等；
表示条件：if, on condition that, unless等；
表示原因：because, since, as等。
复合句按其在句中的作用可分为名词性从句、形容词性从句(定语从句)和副词性从句(状语从句)三大类。任何一个复合句都有一个至几个反应逻辑、意义及结构关系的引导词, 找出这些引导词就能分析出复合句的完整句子结构, 清理出完整意义。平时要注意积累表示各种逻辑关系的连词和短语。
典例讲解
批注：本句是含有多个从句的复合句, 主干为I can’t live, 后面跟了原因状语, 宾语和结果状语从句。
I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的) resources, our children may have to lead poorer lives.
批注：本句是含有多个简单句的并列句, 有多个并列连词连接而成, 如and, but等。
In the 1970s, he was a surgeon at Yale, and had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children, but he was terribly unhappy.
Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines, the toothpaste marketer, for instance, must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.
批注：本句是带有多个成分的简单句, 主干为the toothpaste marketer must select programs, stations and magazines. 老师让学生提出所有修饰成分
复合句中
并列句中
长难句存在于
简单句中
：
? 长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。
? 长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。
? 理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型, 理清句子成分, 抓住句子中的关键部分。
高中英语阅读理解-长难句分析策略
在阅读理解中，考生会经常碰到许多结构复杂的句子。也就是所谓的长难句。命题者在句子理解难度上大做文章，无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式，从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。长难句在阅读理解中容易给考生造成阅读障碍，形成一种心理压力，使考生失分。
T能力-阅读理解之长难句分析