课件40张PPT。Defining relative clauses9A Unit 8 GrammarLearning aims:Be able to understand the defining relative clauses.
2. Be able to use relative pronouns correctly.
It is quiet and gentle.I like the music which/ that is quiet and gentle. I like the music. It is exciting. I like the music which/that is exciting. I like the music.3B:I like the groups that /who are______. young beautiful coolA:What kind of groups do you like?4 dance wellwrite their own songs sing well B:I like the singers who/ that________.A:What kind of singers do you like?5 I like the music which/ that is quiet and gentle. I like the music which/that is exciting.I like the singers who/ that dance well.I like the singers who/ that write their
own songs.I like the singers who/ that sing well.Defining relative clausesAttributive clauses6What is attribute (定语)？I like the pen.
Which pen? redWe use adjectives to describe
someone or something.7 定语从句 一个句子充当定语I like the pen.
( which one ?)
The pen cost me 10 yuan.
I like cost me 10 yuan.which/that ↑
先行词 ↑
关系代词 关系代词就是用来代替先行词的
the pen = which/thatThe penthe pen.We use a sentence to describe
someone or something.8 My dad has a friend who/that is good at English.Attributive clause关系代词 relative pronounswho/that为引导词，在从句中代替friend.先行词 the antecedent9先行词：是被定语从句所修饰的词,通
常是名词或代词。
关系代词： 是引导定语从句的词，在从
句中替代先行词。
注意: 从句必须紧跟在先行词后。….先行词（名词/代词）+关系代词（who/whom/which/that)+ ….定语从句结构The boy who is playing ping-pong is my classmate.10Pair work找定语从句（P112）11How to make a defining relative clause ?12which代替事物，在从句中充当主语和宾语1.I can’t find the letter. The letter came this morning.
2.Please give me the book. The book is about travel.
3.This is the bag. My mother bought it last week.
4. The house is made of wood. Jack built the house.
This is the bag which my mother bought last week.I can’t find the letter which came this morning.Please give me the book which is about travel.The house which Jack built is made of wood. 关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略,做主语时，不能省略。 / /thatthatthatthatGroup work13that代替人或物，在从句中充当主语和宾语。1.The boy is called Tom. The boy broke the window.
The boy that broke the window is called Tom.
2.Mr Li is the person. You talked with the person on the bus.
Mr Li is the person that you talked with on the bus.
关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。 /Group work14who代替人.在从句中可充当 主语。Do you know the girl?
(which girl?)
1.The girl is running on the grass.
2. The girl likes singing very much.
1.Do you know is running on
the grass.
2.Do you know likes singing
very much.
who whothe girlThe girlthe girlThe girl??Group work15who / whom代替人,在从句中充当宾语。 He is the man.
I told you about him.
He is the man I told you about .
The man is a teacher.
I saw the man just now.
The man
is a teacher.
whoI saw just now whomthe man whowhomhim.Group work16 How to use ‘Relative pronouns’?DiscussGroup work17Summary 关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√× × × × 关系代词在从句的用法何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略18趁热打铁19 About detective stories (P113)Use who, which or that to help them complete the sentences.Simon: Edgar Allan Poe was the man___________ first
wrote detective stories in English.
Millie: Japanese writers have written some great stories
_______ require readers to check every tiny detail
for possible clues to the criminal cases.
Daniel: Sherlock Holmes is a character___________ was
created by Arthur Conan Doyle as a master at
solving crimes.
Suzy: Conan is a detective_____________ appears in a
cartoon series popular among teenagers all over
the world.
Kitty: Agatha Christie was a female writer___________
is considered the queen of crime novels.
who / thatwho / thatwhich / thatwho / thatwho / that20Help Millie complete the sentences using relative clauses.1. A young man was murdered yesterday. He was single.2. A knife was found in a rubbish bin near Corn Street.
It was covered in blood.3. We need information. It’ll help solve the case.4. Here’s the drawing of the person. He might be the
murderer of the young man.A young man_______ was murdered yesterday.
A knife___ was found in a rubbish bin near Corn Street.
We need information___________.
Here is the drawing of the person____________.Solving the crimes（P114）21Help Millie complete the sentences using relative clauses.1. A young man was murdered yesterday. He was single.2. A knife was found in a rubbish bin near Corn Street.
It was covered in blood. A young man________________________ was murdered
yesterday.
Solving the crimes A knife______________________________ was found in
a rubbish bin near Corn Street.who / that was singlewhich / that was covered in blood22Help Millie complete the sentences using relative clauses.3. We need information. It’ll help solve the case.4. Here’s the drawing of the person. He might be the
murderer of the young man. We need information_______________________________.Solving the crimesHere is the drawing of the person____________________
_________________________.which/ that will help solve the cases who / that might be the
murderer of the young man23 Complete the conversation with who, which or that and
the expressions in the box.is not allowed by the lawhis boss had committedkilled the young manwas seen running down
the streetDad: Has there been any progress in the West Town
murder case , Millie?
Millie: Yes. The person____________________________
was his boss!
Dad: Really? Why did he do it?
Millie: The boss did something________________________.
The victim wanted to report the crime__________
______________________ to the police.
Dad: How terrible! What about the man_______________
___________________________?
who / that killed the young manthat is not allowed by the law which / that
his boss had committed who / that was
seen running down the street24难点讲解25难点(1)：区分who, whom1. The man _____ talked to you just now is a worker.
2. The foreigner ________ visited our class yesterday
is from Canada.
3. I’d like to see the boy ______ you talked about .
4. The girl ______ we saw yesterday is
John’s sister.whowhowhomwhom26难点(2):关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时
可省略，作主语则不可。1. Did you read the book ________ I lend to you ?
A. whose B. / C. who D. what
2. Did you read the book _______was popular at
the moment.
A. that B. / C. who D. what
?BA271. 从句中被取代的先行词不再出现。
e.g. The girl that the doctor is looking after her has a high fever.(×)
2. 从句谓语的单复数取决于先行词的单复数。
e.g. Those who are in their forties are required to have a physical exam this afternoon.
e.g. I, who am your friend, will be always for you.
3.关系代词做宾语可以省略。
e.g. This is the book (which) you were looking for yesterday.28只能用that的情况先行词既有人又有物
e.g. The hero has saved the horse and its rider that fell into the river.2. 先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时
e.g. This is the best film that has been shown this year.
e.g. I like the second football match that was held last week.294. 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same等词修饰时
e.g. Thank you for giving me the very book that I’m looking for.3. 先行词是all, anything, everything, nothing, much, little, few, any, no, none等不定代词，或被它们修饰时
e.g. That’s all that I want to say.
e.g. Everything that the parents do is for the good of their children.30
5. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who.
Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?
Which is the pen that you lost ?31ExerciseMy father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember.
Say all ________ you know.
Is there anything ______ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.324.This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here.
5. This is the best novel _______ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree?
7. Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat33巩固提高34用which /who/ whom/ that填空。 The boy __________ is standing under the tree is my friend Tom. He lives in a house ________ stands on a hill. That little girl______________ Tom often helps is his sister Mary. The bird _________ is singing in the cage is Tom’s too. Bob is his dog __________ Tom and Mary
often play with. The dog is great. Yesterday he caught a thief ________ was running away. who/that which/thatWho/whom/that which/that which/that who/that35Exercises:1. The woman _____ is in red is his mother.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. which
2. We saw a film ______ was about an old story.
A. when B. who C. that D. where
3. I only eat food ______ is healthy.
A. that B. who
C. where D. whose
4. I like singers ______ different kinds of music.
A. who plays B. who play
C. who can plays D. whom plays361.?The man ____ I saw told me to wait.
2. A person ____ steals things is called a thief.
3. This recorder ______ he is using is made
in Japan.
4. Can you think of anyone ____ could look
after him?
5. All the apples ____ fall are eaten by wild
boars.
II. Fill in the blanks with who, which and that.thatthatwhothatwho1. Review the Grammar and design a short test on the defining relative clauses in groups of three.
2. Preview Integrated skills on page 115.HomeworkThank you for listening!See you!
